JPH06176129A - Computer graphic generation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily generate the two-dimensional projection picture of an object where a continuous pattern is mapped on an adjacent surface in CG picture generation. CONSTITUTION:An object form constituted by plural polygons is inputted to a development diagram generation device 12 as form data from a form input device 10. The device generates the development diagram of the object form based on form data. A matching device 18 generates a texture picture based on data inputted from a valid range information input device 14 and a texture picture input device 16, overlaps the development diagram inputted from the development diagram generation device 12 with the texture picture, moves, rotates and scales them, and matches them into a desired state. Then, texture is mapped at the time of generating the projection picture based on a texture coordinate value given to an apex coordinate as the development diagram hat time, and a projection picture generation device 22 designates the positions of the form, a light and a camera based on input information from the information input device 20 so as to generate the two-dimensional projection picture.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a computer graphics production apparatus, and more particularly to a computer graphics production apparatus suitable for producing a projection image in which a continuous pattern is mapped on a surface adjacent to an object surface. Regarding production equipment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Computer graphics (CG)
Image production, eg CG calendar, CG hologram,
In the production of CG animation, CG commercials, CG posters, high-definition CG still image programs, etc.
When creating an image in which a continuous pattern such as wallpaper or a building material pattern is pasted on the surface (three-dimensional shape) of an object, it may be desirable to express a continuous pattern (pattern) on the adjacent surfaces that make up the object surface. .

As described above, in order to express a continuous pattern on the adjacent surface of the object surface in CG, it is usually necessary to perform continuous texture mapping on the adjacent surface of the three-dimensional shape corresponding to the object surface. is there. In this case, the matching that associates the coordinate values of each vertex of the three-dimensional shape represented by the three-dimensional coordinates (x, y, z) with the two-dimensional texture coordinates (u, v) that describe the position of the texture such as wallpaper is performed. Done.

Conventionally, when the object surface and the texture are matched as described above, the shape of the object described in xyz coordinates is developed on the uv plane of the texture coordinate system to form the object surface on the texture coordinates. Move to the vertex of each polygon,
The operator manually inputs the work of associating the coordinate values of the vertices of the three-dimensional shape with the uv coordinate values by performing rotation and scaling while calculating each point.

[0005]

However, as described above, it is very difficult to associate the respective vertex positions of the object shape described by the three-dimensional coordinates with the two-dimensional texture coordinates one by one. It is extremely difficult to perform mapping calculations that take into account the continuity of large shapes, especially for complex shapes.In addition, the vertexes of polygons that form the object surface are moved / rotated / scaled on the texture coordinates to match the texture mapping. However, there is a problem in that the work load is large and the change is extremely difficult in the same manner.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and in computer graphics image production, a two-dimensional projection image of an object or the like in which a continuous pattern is mapped on a desired adjacent surface. An object of the present invention is to provide a computer graphics production apparatus capable of easily producing a computer graphic.

[0007]

The present invention provides a computer graphics production apparatus for producing a two-dimensional projection image of an object whose surface is texture-mapped.
A development view output means for outputting a development view obtained by developing a plurality of polygons forming a three-dimensional shape of the object surface, and a development texture input from the development view output means, with a texture image for mapping superimposed thereon, The above-mentioned problem is solved by providing an interactive registration means for interactively aligning a developed image and a texture image, and an image production means for producing a projected image based on the mapped developed image. Has been achieved.

According to the present invention, in the computer graphics production apparatus, the interactive fitting means has a function of reading effective range data for cutting out a texture unit of a desired size from a texture original image, and a texture original. The image data is read, a texture unit is extracted from the original texture image data based on the effective range data, and the texture unit is repeatedly displayed vertically and horizontally at an arbitrary magnification on the display to display a texture image for mapping. The function and the function to display the development view shape data and display the development view consisting of a plurality of polygons on the display based on the development view shape data, and the development view superimposed on the mapping texture image on the display, Move, rotate, and scale interactively Functions and functions to perform texture mapping matching by dividing the polygon with the pitch of the texture unit into the development view set to the desired mapping state and assigning texture coordinates to the vertices of the divided polygon. The above-described problems are similarly achieved by adopting a configuration including the above.

[0009]

In the present invention, when the two-dimensional projection image in which the texture mapping is applied to the surface of the object is produced, the development view of the object shape is used and the relative position between the development view and the texture image and Since the size can be changed interactively, when performing matching to assign the texture coordinate values (u, v) corresponding to each vertex of the object shape in the development view, while watching the display It is possible to intuitively perform the work of moving, rotating, and scaling the development view with respect to the texture image.

By performing such interactive matching, the texture coordinate values of the vertices of the object shape required for mapping are calculated, and the polygons forming the development view form two or more texture images. It is possible to automatically perform so-called polygon division in which a polygon is divided at the boundary of the texture unit when the texture unit is straddled.

As a result, it is possible to easily perform texture mapping in an arbitrary state on the developed view, and easily perform arbitrary texture mapping such as pasting a continuous pattern on two adjacent surfaces. It becomes possible and the change can be easily made.

Therefore, after the texture mapping is performed on the developed view as described above, the texture mapping is performed at the time of generating the projected image based on the texture coordinate values given to the vertex coordinates as the developed view at the same time. By producing a projection image according to a conventional method, it is possible to easily produce a two-dimensional projection image of an object in which a continuous pattern is attached to a desired adjacent surface.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram conceptually showing a computer graphics production apparatus of one embodiment according to the present invention.

The computer graphics production apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a shape input device 10 for inputting data relating to the shape of an object, and a three-dimensional object based on the data relating to the object shape inputted from the shape input device 10. A development view generator 12 that develops a shape in a two-dimensional texture coordinate system and automatically generates a development view, and valid range information input that stores valid range data for cutting out a texture unit from a texture original image. The device 14, the texture image input device 16 in which the original texture image is stored, the effective range data input from the effective range information input device 14 and the texture image input device 16, and the texture image for mapping based on the original texture image. And the texture image is input from the development drawing generator 12. Interactive texture mapping matching device 18 for interactively matching the developed view, shape position / light / camera information input device 20 for storing information about the position of the object shape, light, camera, etc., and the interactive texture. Based on the texture coordinate values given to the vertex coordinates as a development view input from the mapping matching device 18, texture mapping is performed at the time of projection image generation, and the shape position / light / camera information input device 2 is also used.
A projection image production apparatus 22 that specifies the position of the three-dimensional shape mapped based on the shape position information input from 0, and creates a two-dimensional projected image of the three-dimensional shape mapped based on the light information and the camera information. I have it.

The computer graphics production apparatus of this embodiment will be described in detail. The shape input apparatus 10 determines the shape of an object composed of a plurality of polygons, the coordinate values of the respective vertices, and the arrangement of the vertices defining the polygons. It has the function of inputting with (row).

Specifically, each vertex of the object shape uses, for example, P1 (x 1, y 1, z 1) and P 2 (x using xyz coordinates.
2, y 2, z 2), ..., and the polygon is defined as S1 (P1, P2, P3, P4), S2 using the vertices P1, P2, ... Specified by the xyz coordinate values. (P5,
P6, P2) ... If the object is a cube, which will be described later, all of the polygons are defined by four vertices because they are all formed by quadrangular surfaces. Input of these data is instructed using, for example, a keyboard or a mouse.

The development drawing generator 12 is a shape input device 10.
The shape of the object is read by the coordinate values of the above-mentioned vertices describing the shape and the vertex row, and a developed view of the shape is automatically generated based on the information, and the shape is used as the texture coordinate value. It has a function to register.

In the developed view generating device 12, the developed view is registered as the shape data of the object. The shape data used for registration of this development view is a combination of the spatial coordinate (x, y, z) values that define each vertex and the texture coordinate (u, v) values corresponding to each spatial coordinate value, and , A combination of a row of vertices defining a polygon (vertex row) and a parent polygon ID indicating a parent-child relationship of each polygon. An example of defining the vertex and an example of defining the polygon are shown below.

[Apex definition example] P1 (x 1, y 1, z 1) (u 1, v 1) P2 (x 2, y 2, z 2) (u 2, v 2) [Polygon definition example] S1 (P1, P2, P3, P4) (route) S2 (P5, P6, P2) (S1)

In the above polygon definition example, (root) indicates that the polygon S1 is a root polygon, and (S)
1) shows the parent polygon ID. This parent polygon I
D indicates that the polygon S1 is a parent polygon of the polygon S2, that is, the polygon S2 is a child polygon of the polygon S1.

The effective range information input device 14 interactively performs texture mapping of effective range data for cutting out a texture unit, which is a unit image for creating a texture image used for actual mapping, from an original image used for texture mapping. It has a function of inputting to the fitting device 18.

The texture image input device 16 has a function of inputting a texture original image used for applying texture mapping to the surface of an object to the interactive texture mapping fitting device 18.

Interactive texture mapping matching device 1
Reference numeral 8 is for interactively matching each vertex of a polygon forming an object shape on a display with a texture image composed of one or more texture units. By moving, rotating and scaling with the device,
It has a function of performing matching by arbitrarily changing the relative position and size of the developed image with respect to the texture image, and automatically performing coordinate calculation and polygon division necessary for the matching.

The shape position / light / camera information input device (hereinafter, also simply referred to as information input device) 20 arranges an object input by the shape input device 10 when a projected image is produced, a light position, etc. It has a function of inputting the light information and the camera information such as the camera position to the projection image production apparatus 22.

The projection image production device 22 reads data from each of the interactive texture mapping matching device 18, the texture image input device 16 and the information input device 20, and based on the data, a desired pattern of an object is pasted. It has the function of creating a two-dimensional projection image.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

First, the processing until the development drawing is automatically generated by the development drawing generation device 12 will be described with reference to the flow charts shown in FIGS. Here, the case of expanding the cube shown in FIG. 5 will be taken as an example.

First, a list of the three-dimensional coordinate values for each of the vertices P1, P2, ... And the vertex row S1 (P1, P2, P3, P4) defining each polygon is developed from the shape input device 10. It is input to the generator 12 (step 110).

In the development drawing generator 12, a root polygon (S1 in FIG. 5) to be the starting point of the development is selected based on the input data, and the root polygon S1 is set in the texture coordinate system as shown in FIG. Unfold on the uv plane (step 114) The development of this root polygon may be performed at any position and orientation on the uv plane as long as the shape and size of the polygon are maintained.

Then, in step 116, it is judged whether or not there is an unexpanded polygon that shares an edge with the expanded root polygon, and if No, the process returns to step 112 to select a new root polygon. If yes,
As shown in FIG. 7, the expanded polygon S2 to be expanded next is selected (step 118).

The operation of expanding the selected polygon S2 on the uv plane shown in FIG. 6 is performed as follows. First, as shown in FIG. 8, one vertex Pd of the polygon S2 to be developed is selected (step 120),
In the world coordinate system of the xyz space, the distance d between the vertices P1 and P2 located at both ends of the shared edge and its expanded vertex Pd
1 and d2 are calculated (step 122).

Next, using the calculated distances d1 and d2 in the world coordinate xyz system, as shown in FIG.
In the texture coordinate system of uv space, the distance d1 from the vertex P1,
The texture coordinate values of the two points Pa and Pb at the position corresponding to the distance d2 from the vertex P2 (for convenience, indicated by the same symbol as the xyz coordinate system) are calculated (step 124).
Of the two texture coordinate values Pa and Pb, the point located on the side opposite to the parent polygon S1 with respect to the shared edge (coordinate value Pb)
Is selected as the texture coordinate value of the developed vertex Pd (step 126).

After the texture coordinate value of the developed vertex Pd is determined, it is determined in step 128 whether all the vertices of the developed polygon (child polygon) S2 have been developed. If No, step 120 8, the vertex Pe is expanded in the case of FIG. 8 by the same method as the case of the vertex Pd, and in the case of Yes, the next step 130
Then, it is judged whether all polygons have been expanded, and No
In the case of, the process returns to step 116 and the above-mentioned operation is repeated.

At step 132, scaling is performed as post-processing to normalize the uv coordinate values of the development drawing so that processing such as texture mapping to be performed later can be easily performed on the development drawing in which all the polygons are developed. Then, all the operations for generating the development view are completed. It should be noted that, in the scaling, if the developed view finally obtained is, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, the entire developed view is put in a range of 0 to 1 for both the u coordinate value and the v coordinate value. Means to perform scaling and translation.

By the above processing, the development drawing generating device 1
The development view information corresponding to the normalized development view created in step 2, that is, P1 (x 1, y 1, z 1) that defines each vertex
A combination of coordinate values such as (u 1, v 1) and uv plane coordinate values,
And S1 (P1, P2, P3, P
The combination of the vertex array such as 4) and the parent polygon ID indicating the parent-child relationship of the polygon is used for the interactive texture mapping matching process to be executed next.

Hereinafter, the matching processing executed by the interactive texture mapping matching device 18 will be described with reference to FIGS.
A detailed description will be given using the flowchart shown in FIG. Here, the case where the texture given by the texture original image shown in FIG. 13 is mapped to the developed view shown in FIG. 10 will be taken as an example.

First, the shape of the development view automatically generated from the development view generator 12 is used as development view information (xyz coordinate values of each vertex and
It is read as a combination with uv coordinate values and a combination of a vertex sequence defining each polygon and a parent-child relationship), and is related to effective range data (information) and a texture original image from the effective range information input device 14 and the texture image input device 16, respectively. The image data is read (step 210).

Next, the texture image unit (texture unit) is cut out based on the effective range information (step 212). This cutting process is conceptually shown in FIG. In FIG. 13, the entire texture original image is one, and the texture unit (image) U to be cut out, which is defined by the effective range (shown by the broken line), is shown inside the texture original image.

The above-mentioned effective range is set such that when the cut-out texture unit U is repeatedly displayed vertically and horizontally, the pattern is continuous at the boundary of each texture unit U.

Next, in step 214, the texture unit cut out (extracted) in step 212 is repeatedly displayed vertically and horizontally on the display to create a texture image for mapping, and the developed image information is added to the texture image. The development view created based on is displayed in an overlapping manner. This state is shown in FIG. In FIG. 14, two texture units U are arranged in the vertical direction and three texture units are arranged in the horizontal direction.
It is shown that the display is repeated three times.

Next, from the state shown in FIG. 14, in order to realize a desired mapping state, the mouse is used to interactively change the relative position and size of the developed image with respect to the texture image. (Step 216).
The state after this change is shown in FIG. In FIG. 15, the number of texture units is increased vertically and horizontally by 1 in comparison with FIG.
The exploded view is shown in a relatively moved, rotated and enlarged state.

If the desired mapping state is obtained as shown in FIG. 15 by the above-mentioned fitting, the relative relationship between the texture image and the development view is fixed in the state shown in FIG. 15, and polygons are formed along the boundary of the texture unit. The division is performed, and the process of associating the vertex coordinates of each polygon with the texture coordinates is performed (step 218).

The polygon division and the correspondence of the coordinates are automatically performed by an interactive matching process. The development view divided into polygons is conceptually shown in FIG. The broken line in the figure is a polygon dividing line, and corresponds to the boundary of the texture unit U. By performing such polygon division,
It becomes easy to accurately associate the vertex coordinates of the polygon with the texture coordinates set in units of the texture unit U.

After the polygon division and the association of the coordinates are completed, the texture-mapped three-dimensional shape is displayed on the display (step 220). This is schematically shown in FIG. Note that, in this figure, in order to show a state where a continuous pattern (pattern) is attached to the adjacent surface, a texture different from that in FIG. 15 is used for convenience.

Next, at step 222, it is judged whether or not the mapping for the three-dimensional shape is in a desired state,
If NO, the process returns to step 216 to perform matching again, and if YES, the matching of texture mapping ends.

When the desired texture mapping state is obtained according to the flow charts shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, as described above, the three-dimensional shape data subjected to the mapping is input to the projection image production apparatus 22. Then, based on the information input from the information input device 20, the position on the image of the texture-mapped three-dimensional shape is specified, and the positions of the light and the camera are also specified to generate the two-dimensional projection image. create.

As described above in detail, according to this embodiment,
Since the development drawing of the object shape can be automatically generated by the development drawing generation device 12 and the development drawing can be matched with the texture image in an arbitrary state, the three-dimensional coordinate value of the object shape is Since it is not necessary to manually perform coordinate calculation for each point, coordinate input, and polygon division necessary for matching to be associated with two-dimensional texture coordinate values, for example, it is possible to continuously connect two desired adjacent faces sharing a side. It is possible to very easily produce a projected image of an object on which the pattern is mapped, and it is possible to improve the efficiency of computer graphics production work.

The present invention has been specifically described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

For example, although the case where the object shape is a cube is shown, the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention can be applied to an object having an arbitrary shape. Therefore, the polygon forming the three-dimensional shape is not limited to a quadrangle, and may be a triangle.
Needless to say, it may be a pentagon or more.

Further, according to the present invention, the development drawing generating device 1
The method is not limited to the case where it is automatically generated in 2, and a developed view (information) created by another method may be used.

[0052]

As described above, according to the present invention, when texture mapping is performed on the surface of an object in computer graphics production, a developed view of the object shape is used and the developed view is relative to the texture image. Since it is possible to freely change the various positions and sizes, it is possible to match the texture image to the surface of the object very easily, and as a result, it is possible to easily generate a two-dimensional projection image of the object on which texture mapping has been performed. It becomes possible to produce.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a computer graphics production apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating automatic generation of a development view.

FIG. 3 is another flowchart explaining automatic generation of a development view.

FIG. 4 is still another flowchart explaining automatic generation of a developed view.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a relationship between an input object shape and a root polygon.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a root polygon developed on the uv plane.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a relationship between a shared edge and an expanded polygon.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a relationship between distances between developed vertices and end points of shared sides.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing candidate points of developed vertices in a texture coordinate system.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a development diagram after the development is completed.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart for explaining interactive matching.

FIG. 12 is another flowchart illustrating interactive matching.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a texture original image and a texture unit.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which a developed image is superimposed on a texture image.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a texture image after fitting and a developed view.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing automatic polygon division.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view schematically showing a texture-mapped object.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 ... Shape input device 12 ... Development view generation device 14 ... Effective range information input device 16 ... Texture image input device 18 ... Interactive texture mapping matching device 20 ... Shape position / light / camera information input device 22 ... Projection image production device

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A development view obtained by developing a plurality of polygons forming a three-dimensional shape of an object surface in a computer graphics production apparatus for producing a two-dimensional projection image of an object whose surface is texture-mapped. And an interactive matching means for superimposing a texture image for mapping on the expanded view input from the expanded view output means and interactively aligning the expanded view and the texture image. , A computer graphics production apparatus comprising: an image production means for producing a projected image based on the mapped development view. 2. The function according to claim 1, wherein the interactive fitting unit reads the effective range data for cutting out a texture unit of a desired size from the texture original image, and the texture original image data A function to extract a texture unit from the original image data based on the effective range data and to display the texture image for mapping by repeating the texture unit vertically and horizontally at an arbitrary magnification on an arbitrary number of times, and development pattern data Function to display a development view consisting of multiple polygons on the display based on the development view shape data, and interactively move and rotate the development view superimposed on the mapping texture image on the display. And the ability to scale and set the desired mapping state. It is also provided with a function for clipping the polygon at the pitch of the texture unit into the expanded view and dividing the polygon, and assigning texture coordinates to the vertices of the divided polygon to perform texture mapping matching. Computer graphics production equipment.