JPH06151933A - Solar battery device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a solar battery device capable of producing high maximum output always and excellent in reliability, by connecting a plurality of solar batteries in series-parallel properly. CONSTITUTION:The title solar battery device is a device in which a plurality of solar batteries 1A-1L connected in series-parallel are cooled by a cooling medium flowing in a fixed direction, and the direction of the series connection of the solar batteries 1A-1L is the same as that of the flow of the cooling medium. Consequently, the solar batteries 1A-1L having temperature differencies are connected in series to one another, and groups of these solar batteries connected in series are connected in parallel. Accordingly, generated voltages of the groups of the solar batteries connected in series are not different from one another. And, a current-voltage characteristic as a whole solar battery device being the composition of the output characteristics of these solar battery groups becomes to have a gentle output curve, and it becomes possible to supply power to a load always in a state of maximum output being high.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a solar cell device in which a plurality of solar cells are connected in series and in parallel to a roof of a house or a vehicle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a solar cell device installed on a roof of a house or a vehicle, a plurality of solar cells having substantially the same output are arranged vertically and horizontally and connected in series and in parallel to assemble an array. . Since the output of these solar cells depends on the temperature as shown in FIG. 6, the temperature of the solar cell rises considerably and the output thereof decreases particularly when the solar radiation is strong. Therefore, for example, the rear surface of the solar cell is air-cooled or water-cooled to prevent the temperature of the solar cell from rising.

However, since there is a temperature difference between the solar cell near the inlet of the cooling medium and the solar cell near the outlet, that is, the cooling medium is warmed by the solar cell having a high temperature,
Since the solar cells closer to the outlet of the cooling medium have a higher temperature, the output characteristics of the respective solar cells differ.

For example, as shown in FIG. 7, consider a solar cell device S in which four solar cells A1, A2, B1 and B2 are connected in series and parallel. It is assumed that there are a solar cell group A having a high temperature and a solar cell group B having a low temperature due to the passage of the cooling medium. At this time, if the solar cells A1 and A2 having a high temperature and the solar cells B1 and B2 having a low temperature are connected in series, and if these two solar cell groups A and B are connected in parallel, the generated voltage due to the temperature difference is generated. Since a difference occurs, as shown in FIG. 8, the voltage-current characteristics of each solar cell group are as shown by the broken line, and the voltage-current characteristics of the entire solar cell device are as shown by the solid line which is a combination thereof. The generated distorted output curve is obtained, and the maximum output point p is lower than the maximum output point p ′ of the solar cell device in which shoulder sagging does not occur.

As described above, conventionally, a plurality of solar cells having substantially the same output are arranged vertically and horizontally and connected in series and in parallel to assemble an array to cool these solar cells. The maximum output of the wiring was low because the wiring was considered only for ease of wiring.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a highly reliable solar cell device having a maximum output at all times by appropriately connecting a plurality of solar cells in series and parallel.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the solar cell device of the present invention is configured to cool a plurality of solar cells connected in series and parallel with a cooling medium circulating in a fixed direction. The solar cell device is characterized in that the series connection direction of the solar cells is the same as the circulation direction of the cooling medium.

Specifically, for example, a plurality of solar cell groups in which a plurality of solar cells are connected in series are arranged, and a passage having an inlet and an outlet for a cooling medium is provided on each of the back surfaces of the respective solar cell groups, These solar cell groups are connected in parallel.

[0009]

According to the solar cell device having the above structure, the solar cells having a temperature difference are connected in series, and the solar cell groups are connected in parallel. Therefore, the voltage generated between the solar cell groups connected in series is increased. There is no difference in the current characteristics of the entire solar cell device, which is a combination of the output characteristics of these solar cell groups.
The voltage characteristic has a gentle output curve, and power can be supplied to the load at a state where the maximum output is always high.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. Figure 1
As shown in (a) to (c), the base 1 of the solar cell M of the present invention is, for example, a galvanized iron plate, a resin molded body, or the like, and has a substantially parallelogram planar shape as a whole. The light receiving surface side of the base 1 is composed of a convex installation portion 1a having a trapezoidal planar shape for installing the solar cell M and a draining groove portion 1b having an opposite planar shape. Further, a ventilation duct 1c which is a passage for air as a cooling medium is formed on the back surface of the installation portion 1a. Also, the base 1
Mounting fittings 2 and 3 each having a hole are provided at the upper end and the lower end of the drawing, and a mounting hole 4 is provided above the draining groove 1b.

Here, the solar cell M provided in the installation section 1a
Is a structure without a frame in which a solar cell element is potted with a sealing member such as a silicon resin on a translucent plate such as glass, and the weight as a whole is significantly reduced from the conventional one. The solar cell M provided with the solar cell M may be provided on the installation section 1a, or the location where the solar cell M is installed may be formed in a concave shape on the installation section 1a and embedded in this location. The installation portion 1a may be made of a translucent member, and the solar cell M may be provided therein. In particular, in order to effectively cool the solar cell M, a cutout portion 1d having a window structure as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is formed, and the solar cell M is provided at this location via the sealing member 10. May be installed. Note that FIG. 3 shows a structure in which the back surface side of the solar cell M is fixed to the base 1 with the support member 11 with the screw 12.

Next, a plurality of solar cells 1A as described above are used.
Description will be made on how 1L is attached to the roof of the house as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b). First, one of the roofs (Fig. 4
An end plate 5 having an L-shaped cross section is provided at the left end of (b), and then
The base on which the solar cell 1A is placed is arranged, the mounting member 2 is screwed to the end plate 5, and the mounting member 3 is screwed to the structural member of the roof. Next, the base of the solar cell 1B is overlaid on the base of the solar cell 1A, and the mounting bracket 2 of the base of the solar cell 1B is screwed into the mounting hole 4 of the base of the solar cell 1A, and the base of the solar cell 1B is attached. The mounting bracket 3 of 1 is screwed to the structural member of the roof. By repeating this operation in sequence, the installation of the solar cell groups <1A to 1D> is completed.

Next, the base of the solar cell 1E is overlaid on the base of the solar cell 1A, and this is screwed to the end plate 5 in the same manner as the base of the solar cell 1A, and the solar cell groups <1B-1D.
> Repeat the same operation as the above, and then the solar cell group <1E to 1H
> Complete the installation of the base. Next, solar cell group <
The same operation as the base of 1E to 1H> is repeated to complete the installation of the base of the solar cell group <1I to 1L>. Furthermore, the solar cells 1D, 1H, and 1L are provided with an end plate 6 having at least a U-shaped cross section, and an upper plate 7 is provided for the solar cell groups <1I to 1L>, so that three solar cells in a tile stack are provided. Group <1
A to 1D>, <1E to 1H>, and <1I to 1L> are completed.

Solar cells 1A to 1L formed as described above
Ventilation is effectively performed by a ventilation duct formed on the back surface side of each solar cell, and the draining groove adjacent to the installation portion on the front surface side of the base also thoroughly drains the water.

The wiring of these solar cells is shown in FIG.
As shown in (a), four solar cell groups connected in series <
1A, 1E, 1I>, <1B, 1F, 1J>, <1C,
1G, 1K>, <1D, 1H, 1L> connected in parallel 4
Series 3 parallel. Wiring in this way is performed by solar cells (1A, 1B, 1C, near the inlet of the cooling medium that is air).
1D) and solar cells near the exit (1I, 1J, 1K, 1
L) causes a temperature difference, that is, the cooling medium is heated by the solar cell having a high temperature, and the cooling effect of the cooling medium is reduced in the solar cell near the outlet of the cooling medium. Because of the difference
This is because the output characteristics of each solar cell differ. Therefore, for example, three solar cell groups <1A to 1D>, <wherein the above wirings are connected in series considering only the ease of wiring
If 1E to 1H> and <1I to 1L> are connected in parallel, FIG.
The resulting output curve is distorted, and the maximum output that can be obtained is reduced. On the other hand, if wiring is performed as in this embodiment, the wiring shown in FIG.
As indicated by the broken line, the difference in the generated voltage between the solar cell groups connected in series disappears, and the current-voltage characteristics of the entire solar cell device, which is a combination of the output characteristics of these solar cell groups, are as shown by the solid line. A smooth output curve with no shoulders is provided, and power can be supplied to the load in a state where the maximum output point Pm is always high.

In the present embodiment, the wiring can be provided by utilizing the space formed by stacking the tiles of the bases, there is no need for the conventional outdoor wiring, and an expensive and heavy cable is not required. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the solar cell is arranged on the roof of the house has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the solar cell device of the present invention may be applied to the roof of a vehicle body or a pedestal. . Further, when a liquid or the like is used as the cooling medium, a pipe may be provided on the back surface of each solar cell or the like instead of the ventilation duct, and the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment and deviates from the gist of the present invention. It can be appropriately modified and implemented within the range not to do.

[0017]

As described above, according to the solar cell device of the present invention, the solar cells having a temperature difference are connected in series, and the solar cell groups are connected in parallel. The current-voltage characteristic is as a smooth output curve without shoulder slack, and it is possible to supply power to the load at a state where the maximum output is always high. With a very simple configuration, a highly reliable solar cell device can be provided. Can be provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1A is a plan view of a base showing an embodiment according to the present invention. (B) is the sectional view on the AA line of (a).
(C) is a BB line sectional view of (a).

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an example in which a solar cell is provided in an installation portion of a base.

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another example in which the solar cell is provided in the installation portion of the base.

FIG. 4A is a plan view showing an installation example in which a plurality of solar cell devices are tiled on a roof of a house. (B) is the CC sectional view taken on the line of (a).

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing voltage-current characteristics of the solar cell device according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing temperature dependence of voltage-current characteristics of a solar cell.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a wiring example of a conventional solar cell.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing voltage-current characteristics of a conventional solar cell device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 (1A to 1L), M ... Solar cells 1a, 21a ... Installation parts 1b, 21b ...
・ Draining groove 1c, 21c ・ ・ ・ Ventilation duct 2, 3 ・ ・ ・ Mounting metal fittings 4, 22, 23, 24 ・ ・ ・ Mounting hole 5, 6 ・ ・ ・ End plate 7 ・ ・ ・ Upper plate S ・ ・・ Solar cell device

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A solar cell device configured to cool a plurality of solar cells connected in series and parallel with a cooling medium that flows in a fixed direction, wherein the solar cells are connected in series in a series direction.
A solar cell device, which is in the same direction as a circulation direction of a cooling medium.