JPH0538966A - Head up display - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To inform a locomotive engineer of the limiting speed value of a speed limiting block positively with appropriate timing. CONSTITUTION:The display signal output means H2 of a head up display for rolling stock is formed of a limiting speed information output means U1 for outputting limiting speed information U1a on the position of the speed limiting block of the rolling stock and the limiting speed of that block, and a present position detecting means U2 for outputting the present position information U2a of the rolling stock. There is also provided a display information preparing means U4 for outputting a limiting speed display signal for the display of the limiting speed of the speed limiting block on a display plane when the position of the rolling stock reaches a position of 140-200m in front of the speed limiting block on the basis of the limiting speed information U1a and the present position information U2a.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention, when a driver of a railway vehicle is maneuvering while looking at a scene of the outside world in front, displays various information on the scene of the outside world in front of the driver. Regarding head-up display. By using such a head-up display, it is not necessary for the driver to deviate from the outside world one by one to look at the instruments, so that it is possible to prevent an accident that may occur while the line of sight is deviated from the outside world.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the conventional head-up display, usually, a combiner such as a half mirror is arranged in front of the driver's visual field, and the combiner transmits a light beam emitted from an external scene in the direction of the driver and controls it. It is configured to reflect or diffract information display light such as speed information and brake pressure information incident on the combiner from the indoor side toward the driver. An information projecting device for causing the information display light to enter the combiner is an optical information display means such as a liquid crystal display, a CRT display, a plasma display or a light emitting diode display, and the light emitted from the optical information display means. And an optical member for making the light incident on. The optical member is usually composed of a relay lens system, a reflecting mirror, etc., so that the driver can visually recognize the information display light in the front visual field.

[0003]

By the way, in a railway vehicle, the driver needs to recognize the speed limit of the place where he is currently traveling and drive safely. Therefore, conventionally, in a speed limit section of a railroad vehicle, a speed limit sign has been installed beside the track at an approach position to the section. A driver of a railway vehicle needs to set the traveling speed of the vehicle to be equal to or less than the speed limit before entering the speed limit section while looking at the speed limit sign installed in front while the rail vehicle is traveling.

However, with the conventional speed limit signs, it is sometimes difficult to visually recognize the indicated value of the speed limit at night or in bad weather. Even in such a case, the driver memorizes the speed instruction value of the crew section, the point, and the like in order to perform the scheduled operation. However, for inexperienced drivers,
When it is difficult to see the speed instruction value, the traveling speed of the vehicle may be reduced, in which case inconvenience such as delay in train operation may occur. As a method of compensating for such a driver's lack of experience, it is possible to display a speed limit value on the head-up display.

When the speed limit value is displayed on the head-up display, if the timing for displaying the speed limit value is not appropriate, not only the proper operation operation cannot be performed, but also confusion may occur and the operation may be hindered. In view of the above-mentioned examination result, the present invention has an object to surely inform the driver of the speed limit value of the speed limit section at an appropriate timing.

[0006]

The present invention devised to solve the above problems will now be described. The elements of the present invention are to facilitate correspondence with the elements of the embodiments described later. , The reference numerals of the elements of the embodiments are enclosed in parentheses. The reason why the present invention is described in association with the reference numerals of the embodiments described below is to facilitate understanding of the present invention.
It is not intended to limit the scope of the invention to the examples. In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the head-up display (H) of the present invention has an optical information display unit (a) having a display surface on which information corresponding to the display signal output from the display signal output unit (H2) is displayed. D) and an information projecting device (K) provided with an optical member (A) for projecting the information display light (L) emitted from the display surface in a predetermined direction, and the information projecting device (K) is provided obliquely in front of the driver. The external scene light (J) is transmitted from the front to the rear so that the driver can visually recognize the external scene in front, and the information display light (L) projected from the information projecting device (K) is driven. A head-up display for a railway vehicle, comprising: a combiner (C) that reflects or diffracts in a direction visible to a hand, wherein the display signal output means (H)
2) outputs speed limit information output means (U1) for outputting the speed limit information (U1a) regarding the position of the speed limit section of the railway vehicle and the speed limit of the section, and the current position information (U2a) of the railway vehicle. Based on the current position detecting means (U2), the speed limit information (U1a) and the current position information (U2a), the position of the railway vehicle is 140 to 20 in the speed limit section.
Display information signal generating means (U4) for outputting a speed limit display signal for displaying the speed limit of the speed limit section on the display surface when the position reaches 0 m before is displayed.

[0007]

In the head-up display (H) of the present invention having the above-mentioned structure, the optical information display means (D) is provided when the position of the railway vehicle reaches a position 140 to 200 m before the speed limit section. ) The speed limit of the speed limit section is displayed on the display surface of). Thus, when the speed limit of the speed limit section is displayed when the vehicle reaches a position 140 to 200 m before the speed limit section, the conventional speed limit sign is displayed for the reason explained in (a) below. Driving can be performed with the same feeling as when used. In this way, when the present invention can drive with the same feeling as when using the conventional speed limit sign, the present invention can be operated without any discomfort even when used in combination with the conventional speed limit sign. In addition, it is possible to move relatively smoothly when replacing the conventional speed limit sign.

(A) The speed limit sign installed on the side of the railroad track has letters of 0.3 m × 0.3 m. On the other hand, the visual acuity of a railway vehicle driver is specified to be 0.7 or more. Therefore, many drivers have a visual acuity of 0.7-1.0.
It is considered that the speed limit sign is confirmed when a railway vehicle comes within a range in which the speed limit sign can be visually recognized. As the definition of visual acuity, vertical x horizontal is 7.5mm x 7.5mm
The visual acuity of 1.0 is the ability to visually recognize a Randle ring with a cutout of 1.5 mm x 1.5 mm from a position of 5 m. The visual acuity of 0.7 is 1 / 0.7 when the size of the Randle ring is 1.0 of the visual acuity.
Is defined as That is, when a driver with a visual acuity of 1.0 starts to see the display beside the track and the distance between the point where the driver tries to read the display and the speed limit sign is X1, the value of X1 is determined by the following equation. .. 7.5 (mm): 5000 (mm) = 0.3 (m): X1 (m) From the above formula, X1 = 200 (m). When the visual acuity is 0.7, the distance between the point where the driver tries to read the display and the speed limit sign is X.
If the value is 2, the value of X2 is determined by the following equation. 7.5 (mm) /0.7:5000 (mm) = 0.3 (m): X2 (m) From the above formula, X2 = 140 (m). That is, it is considered that many drivers conventionally confirm the speed limit sign at a position about 140 to 200 m before the speed limit sign. Therefore, even in the head-up display, if the speed limit of the front speed limit section is displayed at about 140 to 200 m, the display can be confirmed at substantially the same position as the conventional confirmation position.
It is considered that the displayed contents can be grasped without any discomfort. Therefore, using an actual railway vehicle equipped with a head-up display, the front of the approach position to the speed limit section 14
The driving speed test was performed by displaying the speed limit at various distances within the range of 0 to 200 m. As a result, it was found that the tested driver can perform the driving operation with the same feeling (without feeling uncomfortable) as the conventional driving operation feeling on a day with good visibility.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, a driver's cab 2 is installed at a front end portion of a railway vehicle 1. In this cab 2, an instrument panel 4 is arranged in front of a seat 3 for the operator P. Further, in front of the cab 2, a windshield C as a combiner is disposed between the lower vehicle body 5 and the ceiling 6 of the railway vehicle 1. The windshield C is arranged so as to incline downward as it goes forward. An optical member A and an optical information display means D are arranged on the instrument panel 4 of the cab 2. As shown in FIG. 2, the optical information display means D is composed of a transmissive liquid crystal display panel D1 and a light source D2 arranged on the back surface thereof. Then, on the display surface of the liquid crystal display panel D1, necessary information (for example,
Speed information or brake pressure information) is displayed.

The optical information display means D may be a CRT display, a plasma display or a light emitting diode display instead of the liquid crystal display D1 and the light source D2. A polarizing plate E is disposed between the light source D2 and the liquid crystal display panel D1, and the deflection plate E is set to 0 by a gear meshing with a pinion fixed to the output shaft Ma of the stepping motor M shown in FIG. It is configured to rotate within a range of up to 90 degrees. When the deflection plate E rotates, the deviation between the polarization direction of the liquid crystal display panel D1 and the polarization direction of the polarizing plate E, that is, the deviation of the optical phase changes between 0 and 90 degrees. At this time, the brightness of the information display light L is adjusted. In the present embodiment, the external luminance (background luminance) is used by using the data defining the formula of the graph shown in FIG.
Is determined, and the rotation position of the stepping motor M (that is, the rotation position of the polarizing plate E) is controlled stepwise so as to obtain the display brightness. This will be described later.

The optical member A comprises a lens system A1, a mirror A2, a convex lens A3, etc., and is arranged so that the information display light L emitted from the optical information display means D is incident on the windshield C. Has been done. The windshield C is arranged so as to allow a part of the information display light L incident from the optical member A to pass therethrough and to reflect the rest toward the operator P.
As shown in FIG. 3, the display by the information display light L can be visually recognized against the background of the surface of the railway line.

Further, the windshield C is arranged so as to reflect a part of the external scene light J incident from the external scene and the like and transmit the remaining part thereof toward the operator P. That is, the windshield C of this embodiment itself has a function as a combiner. The combiner can be configured separately from the windshield. An information projecting device K is constituted by the optical member A and the optical information display means D. In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the head-up display H is a HU.
D body H1, display signal output means H2, combiner C
It has and. The HUD main body H1 is composed of the information projecting device K, the LCD drive circuit 7, the stepping motor controller 8 and the like.

In FIG. 2, the display signal output means H2 is
It is illustrated by a block diagram showing the main functions it has. The function of each block shown in FIG.
It is realized by a circuit using a computer shown in FIG. Note that FIG. 3 will be described later.

In FIG. 2, the display signal output means H2 is
It comprises a speed limit information output means U1, a current position detection means U2, and a traveling speed detection means U3. The speed limit information output means U1 is a main station as a base point (for example, the starting station)
The section position is stored by a numerical value indicating the distance from, and the speed limit data corresponding to each section is also stored. The speed limit information output unit U1 outputs information about the position of the speed limit section of the railway vehicle and the speed limit of the section, that is, the speed limit information U1a. The current position detecting means U2 detects the current position by detecting the traveling distance of the railway vehicle from the main station which is the base point. When the ATS train car receives the signal of, the current position is corrected. The present position detecting means U2 outputs present position information U2a. The traveling speed detecting means U3 is composed of a speedometer generator and a pulse counter for counting the pulses generated by the speedometer generator,
The current speed information U3a of the railway vehicle is output.

The display signal output means H2 includes display information signal generating means U4. The display information signal generating means U4 limits the speed on the display surface when the current position of the railroad vehicle is 140 to 200 m before the speed limit section based on the speed limit information U1a and the current position information U2a. A speed limit display signal for displaying the speed limit of the section is output, and a current speed display signal for displaying the current speed of the railway vehicle is output on the display surface based on the speed information U3a. Further, the LCD drive circuit 7 to which the output signal of the display information creating means U4 is inputted.
Outputs a liquid crystal display panel drive signal for driving the liquid crystal display panel D1 of the optical information display means D based on the input display information signal.

Further, in FIG. 2, a light quantity signal (outside brightness) of the outside scene light J detected by the outside light quantity sensor 9 is shown.
Is amplified by the sensor amplifier 10 and input to the display luminance signal output means U5. The display luminance signal output means U5 is
The range of the input external brightness (background brightness) signal in the graph of FIG. 6 is determined, and the display brightness corresponding to the background brightness is determined. The display luminance signal output means U
Reference numeral 5 outputs a control signal for the stepping motor M to the stepping motor controller 8 according to the determined display brightness.

FIG. 3 is a detailed explanatory view of the present embodiment, which is shown in FIG.
It is a figure which shows the concrete circuit which implement | achieves the function of each component (block) U1-U5 shown in FIG. The head-up display H is composed of a head-up display main body H1, display information output means H2, and a combiner C shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, the pressure of the brake pressure cylinder (BC pressure) is detected by the pressure transducer 11, amplified by a signal conditioner 12 by several hundred times (usually about 200 to 600 times), and then A of the control computer C1. It is input to the / D conversion input interface. Also, the pressure (MR pressure) of the pressure air reservoir is
It is detected by the pressure transducer 13, amplified by ˜ times by the signal conditioner 14, and input to the A / D conversion input interface of the control computer C1. Further, the brightness of the external scene is detected by the external light quantity sensor 15, amplified by the sensor amplifier 16, and then the A / D of the control computer C1.
Input to the conversion input interface. The control computer C1 includes a CPU, an input interface, an input / output interface, a program memory, a RAM, a clock, a display information output interface, and the like, in addition to the A / D conversion input interface.

The number of rotations of the wheel detected by quick generation (speedometer generator) is counted by the pulse counter 17, and the counted number is input to the input interface of the control computer C1. The input / output interface of the control computer C1 is connected to the personal computer C2. The output signal of the display information output interface of the control computer, that is, the information display signal is input to the LCD drive circuit of the head-up display body H1. The LCD drive circuit causes the liquid crystal display (LCD) D1 to display information according to the input information display signal.

AC 100 V output from the power supply 16 is supplied to the signal conditioners 12 and 14, and
It is supplied to the switching regulators 17 and 18 and the lamp ballast 19. The switching regulator 17 includes the control computer C1, the LCD drive circuit of the head-up display body H1,
Also, a stable predetermined power is supplied to the fan 20 for cooling the head-up display body H1. The switching regulator 18 is a stepping motor controller 8 of the head-up display body H1.
It supplies a stable and predetermined power. The stepping motor M is driven by the stepping motor controller 8. Then, as described above, when the stepping motor M is driven, the polarizing plate E is rotated to adjust the brightness of the information display light L.

The lamp ballast 19 is a metal halide lamp D2 of the head-up display body H1.
It supplies a stable power supply. Light emitted from the metal halide lamp D2 passes through the polarizing plate E and the liquid crystal display D1 and becomes information display light L. Since the liquid crystal display D1 transmits polarized light vibrating in a predetermined direction, its display brightness is adjusted by the rotating position of the polarizing plate E.

The display image displayed on the display surface of the optical information display means D is visually recognized against the background of the railway track, as shown in FIG. The display surface is provided with a scale display section 21 and an instruction value display section 22 arranged along an arc, and a scale unit (Km / h) display which is always displayed in the center of these displays. A section 23 is provided. The graduation display unit 21 includes a graduation value display unit 24 showing numerical values on the graduation and a graduation position display unit 25 showing graduation positions corresponding to the graduation values. Numerical values in units of Km are displayed at predetermined intervals (10K
It is always displayed at m intervals. On the scale position display section 25, a numerical value corresponding scale 25a for displaying a predetermined interval (10 Km / h interval) corresponding to the numerical value of the scale numerical value display section 24.
And a plurality of constantly-lit display segments 25b for displaying at predetermined intervals (2 Km / h intervals) corresponding to predetermined integer values from the lowest to the highest scale. And
The constantly lit display segments 25b corresponding to the values on the numerical value corresponding scale 25a are arranged side by side in the radial direction.

The indicated value display section 22 has a plurality of graphic segments 22a arranged along an arc corresponding to the constantly-lit display segments 25b of the scale display section 21.
It consists of A speed limit display section for displaying a triangular speed limit display mark 26 is provided inside the plurality of graphic segments 22a arranged along the arc. The speed limit display mark 26 is configured to be displayed according to the speed limit of the railroad vehicle when it comes 170 m before the entry position of the speed limit zone, and is turned off at the end of the speed limit zone. ing.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the processing performed by the personal computer C2 shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, when the railway vehicle departs from the starting station, step S1
The initial setting of the stepping motor M for brightness adjustment is performed. In this initial setting, a limit switch is provided at a position where the transmitted light amount of the deflection plate E is maximum, the deflection plate E is rotated to that position, and the position is stored as an initial value. Then, the subsequent positioning of the deflection plate E is performed by the amount of rotation from the position (that is, the relative position with respect to the position). Next, in step S2, the wheel diameter of the vehicle,
Enter the starting location. Next, in step S3, the line information is read out from the FD (floppy disk) and stored in the RAM.
To store. The track information is a speed limit value at each position corresponding to about a kilometer (the maximum speed that has been approved if there is no limit due to a curve or the like). Is.

Next, in step S4, it is determined whether or not there is an input signal from the control computer C1. If no, step S4 is repeatedly executed, and if yes, the process moves to the next step S5. In step S5, the number of pulses for a fixed time (the number measured by the pulse counter in FIG. 5) and the amount of external light (the external light amount sensor 15 in FIG.
Of the detected light amount) is input from the control computer C1. The fixed time is defined by the control computer C1. Next, in step S6, the current position (that is, the position with respect to the base station that serves as a reference of a kilometer or so) is calculated from the number of pulses from the departure to the present, the wheel diameter, and the starting position.

Next, in step S7, it is determined whether or not the speed limit area is to be displayed, that is, a predetermined distance (170 m) before the approach position of the speed limit section and a predetermined distance (170 m) before the end point of the speed limit section. It is determined whether the area is between the position and. If NO, the process proceeds to step S10, and if YES, the speed limit is read from the RAM in step S8. In step S9, a speed limit display signal is output to the control computer C1. In step S10, the brightness level of the current external light amount is detected. Next, in step S11, it is determined whether the external light amount and the display brightness level match the graph of FIG. If yes, the process returns to step S4, and if no, the process moves to the next step S12. In step S12, a signal for matching the display brightness level with the level of the external light amount is output to the stepping motor controller. Then, next, the process returns to step S4.

The control computer C1 is
A predetermined display according to the speed limit display signal input from the personal computer C2, the signal input from the pressure transducer 11 shown in FIG. 3, and the determination signal indicating whether the train is stopped or running. The display information output signal for performing the above is output to the LCD drive circuit 7 (FIG. 3).
Output to reference.

While the railway vehicle is running, the driver visually recognizes the scene as shown in FIG. The external scene shown in FIG. 5 is visually recognized as follows. That is, in FIG. 1, the outside scene light J that has traveled from the outside world on the left side toward the windshield C is partially reflected on the outside by the windshield C, and the rest is transmitted through the windshield C as it is. Go straight and reach the eyes of the operator P. As a result, the operator P can visually recognize the external scene as it is. On the other hand, the display information shown in FIG. 5 is visually recognized as follows. The information display light L emitted from the liquid crystal display D1 of the information projection device K passes through the lens system A and enters the windshield C. The information display light L that has entered the windshield C partially passes through the windshield C and is emitted to the outside, but the rest is reflected and reaches the eyes of the operator P. Thereby, the operator P can visually recognize the information display light L.

In the display example of this embodiment shown in FIG. 5, that is, the display example of the speed information, the scale numerical value display unit 24 and the scale position display unit 25 of the scale display unit 21 and the scale unit display unit 23 are always provided. It is lit. The plurality of graphic segments 22a are turned off or turned on according to the current traveling speed of the railway vehicle. For example, when the traveling speed of the vehicle is 0, all graphic segments 22a are turned off. The extinguished graphic segment 22a is not visible at all, although it is shown by the dotted line in FIG.

The numerical value corresponding scale 25a is arranged corresponding to any one of the constantly lit display segments 25b. Therefore, the scale value of the constantly lit display segment 25b corresponding to the scale 25a corresponding to the numerical value can be immediately read. Since the constant lighting display segments 25b existing between the numerically corresponding scales 25a arranged adjacent to each other are arranged corresponding to the scale integer values, the scale numerical values corresponding to those constant lighting display segments 25b are Even if it is not displayed, its value can be read easily.

For example, in the example shown in FIG. 5, one segment (that is, one scale) of the plurality of constantly-lit display segments 25b arranged corresponding to each of the plurality of graphic segments 22a corresponds to 2 Km / h. .. Therefore, the scale integer value of each constantly-lit display segment 25b can be quickly and accurately read. In addition, the vehicle speed can be quickly and accurately read from the number of the graphic segments 22a arranged corresponding to the constantly lit display segment 25b. The ability to quickly and accurately read the current vehicle speed in this way is extremely convenient when, for example, traveling at a predetermined speed is required.

The speed limit display mark 26 of the speed limit display section is displayed at a position 170 m before the speed limit section. Therefore, the driver of the railway vehicle on a sunny day with good visibility sees the speed limit value displayed on the head-up display H at substantially the same time when the speed limit value of the speed limit sign on the side of the track is visible. It will be. In the head-up display H of the present embodiment, the speed limit value is displayed at the same timing as a sunny day even on a day with poor visibility due to fog or the like, so that the driver feels the same as on a day with good visibility. You can drive. In addition, in the present embodiment, the current speed of the railway vehicle and the speed limit of the speed limit section are displayed at the same time adjacent to each other, so if the current speed exceeds the speed limit of the forward speed limit section, the driver Can easily perform appropriate speed control before entering the speed limit section.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various design changes can be made without departing from the present invention described in the claims. It is possible to For example, on the head-up display, information other than speed information, such as brake pressure information, time information, engine speed, oil temperature, etc., can be displayed individually or simultaneously, and various displays other than the liquid crystal display, such as It is also possible to use CRT displays, LED displays, plasma displays, etc. Further, the display timing of the speed limit on the head-up display H should be set not only when the position of the railway vehicle is 170 m before the speed limit section, but also when it is 140 to 200 m before the position. Is also possible.

[0033]

In the above head-up display of the present invention, the position of the railway vehicle is 140 to 20 in the speed limit section.
When the position reaches 0 m, the speed limit of the speed limit section is displayed on the display surface of the optical information display means.
Therefore, the head-up display of the present invention can always reliably inform the driver of the speed limit value of the speed limit section at appropriate timing regardless of whether the visibility is good or bad.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a railway vehicle equipped with a head-up display according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall explanatory view of the same embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a personal computer C1 used in the same embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of an information display example of the same embodiment.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a brightness adjusting operation of the head-up display according to the second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

A ... Optical member, C ... Combiner, D ... Optical information display means, H ... Head-up display, H2 ... Display signal output means, J ... External scene light, K ... Information projecting device, L ... Information display light, P … Driver, U1… Speed limit information output means, U
1a ... Speed limit information, U2 ... Current position detection means, U2a ... Current position information, U3 ... Travel speed detection means, U3a ... Speed information, U4 ... Display information signal creation means

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yasuyuki Kinoshita 1 Nishinokyo Kuwabara-cho, Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture Shimazu Corporation Sanjo Factory (72) Inventor Shigeru Kitayama 1-1, Mei Station, Nakamura-ku, Aichi Prefecture No. 4 Tokai Passenger Railroad Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kazuhiko Kobayashi 1-4-1, Mei Station, Nakamura-ku, Aichi Prefecture Nagoya Tokai Passenger Railroad Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An optical information display unit having a display surface on which information corresponding to a display signal output from the display signal output unit is displayed, and information display light emitted from the display surface is projected in a predetermined direction. An information projecting device provided with an optical member, and is provided in front of the driver, transmits the external scene light from the front to the rear so that the driver can visually recognize the external scene in front, and from the information projecting device. In a head-up display for a railway vehicle, comprising: a combiner that reflects or diffracts the projected information display light in a direction visible to a driver, wherein the display signal output means includes a position in a speed-limited section of the railway vehicle and Speed limit information output means for outputting speed limit information regarding the speed limit of the section, current position detection means for outputting the current position information of the railway vehicle, the speed limit information and the current speed A speed limit display signal for displaying the speed limit of the speed limit section on the display surface is output when the position of the railway vehicle reaches a position 140 to 200 m before the speed limit section based on the position information. A head-up display for a railway vehicle, comprising: a display information signal generating means.