JPH05257418A - Method and device for medical diagnosis education assistance - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To learn and train the exact diagnostic technique with good efficiency by setting a question with a computer using a data base and evaluating an answerer's answer with the computer. CONSTITUTION:The function of the method and device is divided into four functions which are a function for setting questions, a function for assisting an answerer in estimating answers, a function for inputting the answers by the answerer, and a function for evaluating the answers. The function which generates the questions generates the questions first 21. The function which assists the answerer in estimating the answers is divided into three stages of the gathering 22 of first-sight information on a symptom, the gathering 23 of medical examination and treatment information, and the gathering 25 of inspection information. Thus, the function which assists the answerer in estimating the answers is divided into the three stages, so, while actual an actual medical examination is simulated, the answerer is so trained as to estimate the answers. The function for inputting the answers by the answerer is divided into two stages of the input 24 of plural answers and answer input (determination diagnosis) 26 and the function for inputting the answers by the answerer is divided into the two stages to provide the training so that plural injuries or diseases are suspected at all time.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a medical diagnosis and education support device for doctors or medical students.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a medical electronic textbook system is in a research stage for a diagnosis support of a doctor, and a chest X-ray image interpretation training system is in a research stage as a diagnostic education system. As a method close to the present invention, a language teaching support system is described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-239669.

[0003]

The medical diagnostic techniques of doctors and medical students are conventionally taught by self-education or by being taught by a skilled person. Such an educational method takes a very long time and is inefficient. It is said that it will take more than 20 years to become a full-fledged medical doctor, especially because there is no efficient educational method. Moreover, since there are various types of injuries that are suspected in the process of medical diagnosis, it is extremely difficult to make an accurate definitive diagnosis.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a medical diagnostic education support method and apparatus for training an efficient and accurate definite diagnosis technique.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] Using a database of data of experience and knowledge of skilled persons and a data generally known in the past, a question is posed by a computer, and a solver solves the problem. The answerer can perform efficient learning by repeatedly evaluating the answer by the computer. As a form of questions, a patient is assumed in a pseudo manner, and image information of the patient and surgical and medical findings are given to a learner. From this information, the learner diagnoses and determines the pseudo-illness of the patient. Also, if the learner thinks that the information is insufficient, he / she can interactively request the provision of further information. After that, the education support device displays the determination result together with the determination reason, and the learner can know the correctness of the determination. The answerer can simulate the actual examination process in the process of estimating the answer.

[0006]

Function The learner of the medical diagnosis technique as the answerer can efficiently learn the medical diagnosis technique by solving the problem presented by the education support device.

[0007]

【Example】

<Embodiment 1> FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a medical diagnosis and education support apparatus according to the present invention. The control device 1 receives the input instruction and appropriately operates all the devices 2 to 9 connected to the control device by signal lines. The display device 2 displays information such as an instruction to the solver and echo back of the input of the solver, and relatively rough image information such as a waveform such as an electrocardiogram or an electroencephalogram. The high-definition image display device 3 displays image information such as an X-ray image, an MRI tomographic image, a CT tomographic image, and an ultrasonic tomographic image. The input device 4 allows the solver 10 to perform all operations of the entire device. The database storage device 5 stores character data, numerical data, image data, and sound data, and can be read, written, and erased by operating the input device 4. The storage medium input / output device 6 is used for reading data stored in the storage medium and writing data in the storage medium. The printing device 7 can output the screen of the display device 2 or the data in the database. Image data can be input to the database from the image input device 8. The sound input / output device 9 inputs and outputs sound information such as heart sounds and breath sounds.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing a training process carried out by this apparatus. From a broad perspective, this embodiment is divided into four functions: a function of generating a problem, a function of assisting the answerer to estimate the answer, a function of the answerer to input an answer, and a function of evaluating the answer. ing. The function that causes a problem is first performed in the problem occurrence 21. The function of assisting the answerer in estimating the answer is divided into three stages, that is, symptom initial information collection 22, medical examination information collection 23, and examination information collection 25. By dividing the function that assists the answerer to estimate the answer into three stages, the purpose is to train the answerer to estimate the answer while simulating an actual medical examination. The function for the answerer to input the answer is divided into two steps, that is, the multiple answer input 24 and the answer input (confirmed diagnosis) 26. By dividing the function for the answerer to input the answer into two stages, the aim is to train to always suspect multiple injuries.

The specific contents of the problem occurrence 21 are shown in FIG. The symptom first-time information collection 22 is for training the ability to collect information that can be seen at first glance, such as a complexion when the patient enters the examination room. The medical examination information balance 23 is for training the ability to collect information that can be obtained by medical examinations such as fever, diarrhea, palpation, lumps, and past medical history. is there. Multiple answer input 24 is collection of examination findings information 2
The purpose is to train the ability to infer a plurality of possible injury / illness names at the time of performing Step 3. The inspection information collection 25 is for training the ability to request an accurate inspection based on the estimation of a plurality of injured names in the previous stage and the ability to read effective information from the inspection information. Answer input (confirmation diagnosis)
26 is for training the ability to infer one disease name from the information obtained up to the previous stage. The specific content of the answer evaluation 27 is shown in FIG. The answer evaluation 27 is for improving the learning effect of the answerer by displaying the answerer's own right / wrong judgment of the answer and the basis for obtaining the correct answer.

FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing a medical diagnosis education support method according to the present invention. The flowchart shown in FIG. 5 shows only one cycle, and it is easy to increase the number of cycles. Further, it is easy for the answerer to add a function to judge the ability of the answerer from the correct answer rate by performing a plurality of cycles.

This operation is performed at step S in accordance with the start of medical diagnosis education performed by operating the control device in a predetermined procedure.
1 automatically envisions a patient with a particular injury or illness. In step S2, an image of the patient that matches the assumed sex, age, and illness of the patient is displayed. In the first look information obtained when the patient first enters the examination room, such as the complexion and skin condition of the patient assumed in step S3, the necessary items are input. In step S4, the first glance information about the item input in step S3 is displayed.

For the patient assumed in step S5,
Enter the item that the respondent thinks is necessary in the examination finding information obtained by interviewing or palpating. In this step S5,
It has the effect of learning while simulating an actual medical examination. In step S6, the medical examination finding information regarding the item input in step S5 is displayed. In step S7, all injuries and diseases that can be considered from the information obtained up to the previous step are input. In step S7, there is a learning effect that always considers a plurality of injuries.

In step S8, in order to further narrow down the plurality of injuries and diseases considered in the previous step S7, necessary items in the inspection information obtained by the inspection are input.
In step S9, the inspection information regarding the item input in step S8 is displayed. Of the inspection information, the image information is displayed on the high definition image display device 3. In step S10, all the names of injuries and diseases that can be considered from the information obtained up to the previous step S9 are input as answers.

In step S11, the answer entered in the previous step S10 is judged as correct or incorrect. If the answer entered in the previous step S10 is incorrect, the process proceeds to step S12, where the characteristic data of the correct answer and the incorrect answer are included. After displaying the unmatched items, the process proceeds to step S13. If the answer entered in step S10 is correct, step S11
Directly proceeds to step S13.

In step S13, after displaying the correct answer,
Display the characteristic data that is the basis for deriving the correct answer. In step S14, all possible injuries and illness names are displayed based on the information up to step S6. Further, if the answerer does not have enough information up to step S6, characteristic data as insufficient information is displayed, and step S6 is displayed. Display all possible injuries and diseases when all the information to be obtained at the time of is collected. In step S15, the answerer who confirms the correct answer inputs a treatment method for the injury / illness name which is the correct answer. In step S16, the correct treatment method for the correct name of the injury or illness is displayed, and further an explanation about the action of the treatment method is displayed. In the flow of these medical diagnosis and education support methods, some display operations were included, but it is not necessary to display them all on one screen, and it is possible to display them on several windows on the display device. You may display it.

FIGS. 6 and 7 are explanatory views of the function of arbitrarily changing the learning method according to the ability of the answerer. Although not shown in the flowchart of FIG. 5, the function of arbitrarily changing the learning method is an additional function for improving the efficiency of education of the answerer.

A screen as shown in FIG. 6 is displayed before step S1 in FIG. 5, and the solver selects a beginner course or an advanced course according to his / her ability. When the beginner's course is selected, items that can be input in the input operation for requesting information in step S3, step S5, and step S8 are displayed as a question item in a table as shown in FIG. The respondent selects one or more items from the above table and performs an input operation. Similarly, also in the input operation in steps S7, S10, and S15, a table corresponding to each step is displayed, and an answerer is appropriately selected from the table and input.
When the answerer selects the advanced course, the table is not displayed during the input operation, and the answerer appropriately inputs an appropriate item. Therefore, the answerer who chooses the advanced course needs to know the exact terms used for the item.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a connection relationship between data in the database stored in the database storage device 5. The data in the database is divided into two parts, an upper data part 87 representing the name of the disease and a lower data part 88 representing various types of characteristic data. When n pieces of data are present in the upper data portion 87 representing the name of injury or illness as shown in FIG.
It is stored as shown in FIG. Each of the n high-order data has a display section 81, a data name section 82, and a connection relation section 83.
It has a three-stage structure. As shown in FIG. 8, four types of feature data are provided for each n in the lower data portion representing various types of feature data.
In the case of having individual pieces of data, they are stored as shown in FIG.
Each of the 4 × n lower data has a three-stage structure including a display portion 84, a data name portion 85, and a connection relation portion 86, like the upper data. The display parts 81 and 84 contain different numbers or characters in each data, and the data name part 82 and
This is for representing the data name contained in 85 with a small amount of information. In order to represent the bidirectional connection relationship between the upper data and the lower data, the connection relation parts 83 and 86 have the numbers or characters stored in the display part of the data which are connected to each other between the upper data and the lower data. It is stored.
Other various types of feature data included in the lower-order data may be voice data.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the hierarchical structure of character string data. The character string data referred to here is basically one character string data for one word. The character string data is used as data in the case of expressing the name of injury or illness in the upper data part 87 shown in FIG. If the single character string data alone represents a specific part of the body, the degree of injury or illness, or the degree of symptoms,
A single layer structure may be used as shown in FIG. One character string data is
When the specific part of the body, the degree of injury or illness, or the degree of symptom cannot be specified by itself, a multilayer structure is formed as shown in FIG.

The example of FIG. 9 shows a multi-layered structure of character string data expressing the case where the symptom is "the back of the head is tingling and ache." Regarding the symptom, it is the case where the possible injury or illness is different between the case where the occipital region has dull pain, the case where the left side region has dull pain, and the case where the left side region has a throbbing pain. Figure 8
The difference from the respective data structures is that there is a multi-layered portion of character data and the upper layer data connection relation display section 91. The structure of each data is the upper layer data connection relation part 91 showing the connection relationship with the upper layer data, the display part 81, the data name part 82, and the lower layer showing the connection relationship with the data of the one lower layer. The data connection relation unit 92 is included. Although not shown in FIG. 9, the connection relation unit 82 can be set for each data as needed. Actually, in the case of the example in FIG. 9, it is effective to set the connection part under the "pain" in the third row.

Numerical data are expressed as statistical quantities, but there are some that are represented by a normal distribution and some that are not represented by a normal distribution. The numerical data represented by the normal distribution is given as an average value and a variance value as data, and is stored in the database as one numerical data. Numerical data not represented by a normal distribution is regarded as a probability density distribution, given by a histogram or a probability density function, and stored in the database as one numerical data.

The image data may be an X-ray photographic image, an MRI image, an X-ray CT image, an ultrasonic image, etc., but these images are stored in the database as digital images. The higher the spatial resolution is, the better, but the higher the spatial resolution is, the larger the amount of data is, which causes problems such as increase in search time and storage space.

<Second Embodiment> FIGS. 10 and 11 show another embodiment of the character string data of the present invention. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of this embodiment, and FIG. 11 shows an actual data structure.

The present embodiment is based on the concept of sets as shown in FIG. For example, considering the structure of the word "head occipital hurts," it is made up of four words: "head,""occipital,""pain," and "chess." The word "occipital" is included in the set "head", and the word "zukizuki" is included in the set "pain". When seeking a possible injury or illness name in the case of "headache of back of head", "group of head", "occipital region", "pain", and "headache" may be obtained.

FIG. 11 shows a data structure for realizing the above concept. Each top-level set forms one structural data. Although FIG. 11 shows a two-layer structure, a single layer or many multi-layer structures may be formed by assembling. The constituent elements of this data are also shown in FIG.
Similar to the data structure shown in (3), the display unit 81, the data name unit 82, and the connection relation unit 83 are combined. It is desirable to set the connection relation part only in the lowest layer set in order to reduce the amount of data.

[0026]

According to the present invention, doctors and medical students can be efficiently trained in diagnostic techniques. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be applied to education of many types of medical diagnosis such as comprehensive diagnosis of internal medicine and surgery and diagnosis of specialists by changing the contents of the database of the medical diagnosis and education support device for doctors or medical students. is there. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to educate an appropriate treatment method for the diagnosed injury or illness.

The medical diagnosis and education support method according to the present invention does not need to be used in a special device, can be operated on, for example, a computer or a personal computer, and can be used easily.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a process of an education support method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a process in which the problem of FIG. 2 occurs.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the specific contents of the answer evaluation of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a control unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a function by which a solver can arbitrarily select a learning method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a function in which a solver can arbitrarily select a learning method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a data connection relationship according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a multi-layered structure of data in one embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the concept of a character string data structure in another embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a character string data structure in another embodiment according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 21-27 ... The conceptual diagram which shows the process of training.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁵ Identification code Office reference number FI technical display location G06F 15/42 Z 7060-5L

Claims (17)

[Claims] 1. A function of generating a problem, and a function of inputting, as a solution, a name of an injury or illness estimated by the solver for the problem.
A medical diagnosis and education support method having a function of displaying a correct answer to the question. 2. The medical diagnosis and education support method according to claim 1, which has a function of automatically assuming a specific injury or illness and then causing a problem in which the particular injury or illness is a problem. 3. The correct answer according to claim 1, which has a function of explaining a difference between an answer and a correct answer according to whether the answer is correct or incorrect, after inputting the name of the injury or illness estimated by the answerer as the answer. A method for supporting medical diagnosis education that has the function of displaying. 4. The process of claim 1, wherein the answerer estimates the answer between the function of generating the problem and the function of entering the injury or illness name estimated by the answerer for the problem. A method for supporting medical diagnosis education that has a function of assisting the medical examination. 5. The medical diagnosis education support method according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, which has a function of assisting a process of estimating an answer by the answerer simulating an actual medical examination process. 6. The method according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5.
A medical diagnosis education support method having a function of assisting a process of estimating an answer when the answerer inputs a question item and displaying specific information according to the question item. 7. The medical diagnosis education support method according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, wherein the answerer has a function of arbitrarily changing the learning method according to the ability. 8. The correct treatment method and the action of the treatment method according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, after the answerer inputs a treatment method for treating a specific injury or illness. Displaying medical diagnostic education support method. 9. The medical diagnosis education support method according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, which has a function capable of increasing the training effect by the repeater. .. 10. A combination of character string data, numerical data, image data, and audio data,
A medical diagnosis and education support device characterized by comprising a database containing single or multiple types of data. 11. The medical diagnosis and education support device according to claim 10, wherein specific data in the database has a bidirectional connection relationship. 12. The medical diagnosis and education support device according to claim 10, wherein each data in the database has either a single-layer structure or a multi-layer data structure. 13. The method according to claim 10, 11 or 12,
An apparatus for supporting medical diagnosis and education, comprising means for modifying a database provided by a combination of a function of arbitrarily adding data, a function of arbitrarily rewriting data, and a function of arbitrarily deleting data. 14. The numerical data represented by a single numeral in claim 10, 11, 12 or 13 is a single numeral, and the numerical data represented as a statistic by a normal distribution is a mean value and a variance value. Then, the numerical data expressed as a statistic that is not a normal distribution is stored in the database as a probability density function or histogram showing the distribution in the medical diagnosis education support device. 15. A method according to claim 10, 11, 12, 13 or 1.
In 4, the medical diagnostic education support device stores image data in a database as a digital image. 16. The medical diagnosis and education support device according to claim 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 or 15, which is controlled by one or a plurality of control devices. 17. A medical diagnosis according to claim 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 or 15, comprising a high-definition display device for displaying a digital image and a display device for displaying characters, numerical values and figures. Education support device.