JPH05127120A - Stereoscopic display system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate the adverse influence of earth magnetism on image formation, to adapt the system to a color display to eliminate the restrictions of a view area, to provide high resolution and reduce the size, and to enable an observation by many persons. CONSTITUTION:A right-eye image and a left-eye image are displayed alternately on liquid crystal display elements of a liquid crystal display device 10, and an optical modulating element 50 polarizes light regarding the right-eye image which is made incident from the liquid crystal display elements in a 1st direction and light regarding the left-eye image in a 2nd direction different from the 1st direction, thereby projecting the polarized light. This projected polarized light is displayed on a screen 6 and this display image is viewed through spectacles having a right-eye polarizing plate for viewing the polarized light in the 1st direction and a left-eye polarizing plate for viewing the polarized light in the 2nd direction. For the purpose, the right-eye image and left-eye image are made to correspond to the parallax between both the eyes, so that an object, etc., can be viewed stereoscopically.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stereoscopic display system for stereoscopically displaying objects, landscapes and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The display principle of the stereoscopic display system will be described first with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 3A, the object P in front of the right eye of the observer Z
Observer when Z is see, FIG. (B) based on the distance a between the right and left eyes, as shown in, for on the retina of the right eye is an object P is the central position of the retina F _R and the same P _R ' trapped in position, is on the retina of the left eye is captured in the position of the P _L 'of the object P is slightly deviated from F _L is the center position of the retina. That is, the right eye seems to be positioned in front, but the left eye seems to be closer to the right eye. Further, when the observer Z looks at the object Q in front of the left eye as shown in (a) of the same figure, as shown in (b) of the same figure, based on the distance a between the left and right eyes, the object Q appears on the retina of the left eye. the object Q is 'trapped in position of the on the retina of the right eye object Q is Q _R' Q _L are captured in the position of. That is,
The left eye seems to be positioned forward, but the right eye seems to be closer to the left eye. That is, the position of the object image formed on the retinas of the left and right eyes is displaced. The amount of this deviation is called binocular parallax and is expressed by the following mathematical expression 1.

[0003]

[Equation 1]

By using the binocular parallax to provide valuable information about the depth of the object on the display surface, the object can be three-dimensionally captured. Specifically, in order to reproduce the objects P and Q on the display surface at the observation distance L, the image for the left eye of P is placed on the display surface at the position of P _L ″, and the image for the right eye of P is placed. "formed at a position of the image for the left eye of Q Q _L" P _R, Q
Form an image for the right eye of Q _R ″, and P _R ″ for the right eye,
"The image formed at the position of, P _L in the left eye" Q _R, it is sufficient to be able recognize the image formed at the position of Q _L ".

By the way, as a conventional projection type liquid crystal display device, various types described below are known.

One of them is a time division stereoscopic display system. In this system, as shown in FIG. 15, right-eye signals and left-eye signals are recorded on, for example, a video disk, and when reproduced, left and right signals are alternately read and displayed on the CRT 102. This is a system in which the stereoscopic display can be sensed by binocular parallax by putting on shutter glasses 103 that are opened and closed alternately in the visual fields of the left and right eyes in synchronization. As the shutter glasses 103, TN (Twisted Nematic) type liquid crystal glasses as shown in FIG. 16 are generally used.

As shown in the figure, the glasses 103 have a shutter mechanism of two systems, and one system has two polarizing plates (analyzers) 104 and 105 as shown in FIG. , 105 sandwiched between the liquid crystal element 106. The other line is similar to the one line, (b)
As shown in the figure, two polarizing plates (analyzers) 107 and 108
And the liquid crystal element 1 sandwiched between these polarizing plates 107 and 108.
09. In the shutter operation of the shutter glasses 103, a voltage is not applied to the liquid crystal element 106 of one system, and the polarized light incident on the liquid crystal element 106 via the polarization plate 104 on the entrance side is optically converted to the TN display mode. Depending on the nature, when the liquid crystal element 106 is rotated by about 90 ° and emitted from the liquid crystal element 106, the polarized light is transmitted through the outgoing side polarizing plate 105 whose polarization direction is parallel to this emitted light, and the state becomes “open”. At this time, when the liquid crystal element 109 of the other system is kept in a state of being applied with a high voltage equal to or higher than a certain threshold value, the polarized light incident on the liquid crystal element 109 via the polarizing plate 107 on the input side is transmitted to the liquid crystal element 109 The polarization direction coincides with the polarized light that has been transmitted and emitted, and the emitted polarized light cannot pass through the polarizing plate 108 on the output side, resulting in a “closed” state.

Therefore, a desired CRT image can be presented to the left and right eyes by alternately applying a voltage to the shutter glasses 103 so as to perform such an opening / closing operation. However, in this method, the field frequency for shutter switching is set to 60 using a video disc.
Although the frequency band of Hz has already been commercialized, there are problems that flicker is likely to occur due to switching of shutters, the vertical resolution is low, and miniaturization is difficult to achieve. The following methods have been proposed to improve flicker. The method is a method in which image signals for the left and right eyes are stored in a one-stage frame memory, the signals are read at a frequency twice as high as that in writing, and an image is displayed on a CRT at 120 Hz. However, in this method, although flicker can be improved, there is a disadvantage that the shutter glasses are required to respond at a higher speed.

Another system of the time division display system is shown in FIG. This system has a display mechanism 110 of one system as shown in FIG.
10 is a CRT 111 and a polarizer 112 arranged in front of it.
And the polarization direction of the polarized light emitted from the polarizer 112 is 9
It is provided with a light modulation element 113 such as a liquid crystal element or PLZT which can be rotated by 0 ° or not rotated. In the case of such a method, the image for the right eye is displayed on the CRT 111 at a certain timing as shown in FIG. 7A, and at the next timing as shown in FIG.
While displaying the image for the left eye on the RT 111, the observer puts on the pair of polarizing glasses 114 whose polarization direction is rotated by 90 ° from side to side. This enables a stereoscopic display according to the same operation principle as the previous example. In this case, glasses 1
14 has an advantage that a code for supplying voltage is not required. However, even in the case of this method, since time-division display is performed, the resolution is low as in the case of the above method, and it is difficult to reduce the size.

The above is the time-division stereoscopic display system, but there is another non-time-division stereoscopic display system. There are various methods in this method, for example, 5 described below.
Two schemes are known.

One of them is the stereo viewer system shown in FIG. This method uses a lens system 115 in front of the left and right eyes.
Install two ultra-compact CRTs 116 and 117 via
This is a method of displaying a stereoscopic display by displaying an image corresponding to binocular parallax on each CRT 116, 117. However, in the case of this method, it can be seen only by one person, it is troublesome because a relatively large device must be attached in front of the eyes, and it is necessary to use an ultra-compact CRT 116, 117. The disadvantage is that the viewing area is narrow.

The second is an anaglyph method, which is not shown in the figure, but separates the left and right images into blue and red for stereoscopic display and views the display screen with polarizing glasses. However, in the case of this method, although the configuration itself can be simplified, good color display is impossible. Further, it has a drawback that the resolution is low and it cannot be miniaturized.

The third method is a polarization combining method. In this system, as shown in FIG. 19, a high-definition signal from a right-eye signal source 118 is applied to a right-eye CRT 119 equipped with a polarization filter, and an image formed by this CRT 119 is projected on a screen 120, On the other hand, the high-definition signal from the left-eye signal source 121 is given to the left-eye CRT 122 equipped with a polarization filter, and the image formed by this CRT 122 is projected on the screen 120. At this time, the left and right images are polarized and the polarization direction is set to 9
Cross at 0 °. Then, the screen 120
This is a system in which an observer can stereoscopically perceive by wearing glasses 123 having 90 ° different polarization directions on the left and right. However, with this method,
Since it is composed of two CRTs (119, 122) and the screen 120, downsizing is difficult.

The fourth method is a parallax barrier method shown in FIG. 20 (plan view). This system is a system in which a streak-shaped barrier 125 is installed in the vertical direction of a screen 124 of a CRT and the left and right images are viewed separately from the display screen at a specific position. However, this method has an advantage that auxiliary equipment such as glasses is unnecessary, but since the place where the stereoscopic image can be observed is specified, the installation position of this display device and the position where the observer sits are limited. is there. In addition, since the resolution of the display device is reduced for observation, there is also a problem in resolution.

The fifth method is the lenticular method shown in FIG. 21 (plan view). In this method, a cylindrical lens 127 is installed in front of the screen 126 of the CRT display device, and the action of the lens 127 separates the display screen into left and right images. However, even in the case of using this method, there is a problem in the place where the stereoscopic image can be observed, the number of people, and the resolution, similarly to the previous method, and there is also a problem in the pitch accuracy and alignment accuracy between the lens and the display screen. is there.

In addition to the above-mentioned five methods, there is a holography method as a non-time-division stereoscopic display method, but this method is still in the basic research stage and television images have not been obtained, and many problems will be solved in the future. There is a need for a technical solution to

The conventional projection type liquid crystal display device has been described above, and the contents thereof are summarized in Table 1.

[0018]

[Table 1]

As can be seen from this table, in any conventional system, colorization, no restriction on the viewing range, high resolution and miniaturization, or a large number of people can be used. I wasn't happy with everything I could observe.

In addition, since the conventional system mainly uses a CRT, the drawback of the CRT, that is, the weight and size of the device is inferior to that of an LCD (liquid crystal display device), and high-definition display is performed. It is also affected by geomagnetism. On the other hand, CR
Although some examples of using an LCD instead of T have been reported, the conventional LCD has a problem that the resolution is low and the panel becomes large.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, is not adversely affected by the geomagnetism on image formation, and is capable of colorization, and is visually recognizable. It is an object of the present invention to provide a stereoscopic display system capable of observing with a large number of people, which has no restriction on the range, can achieve high resolution and miniaturization.

[0022]

A stereoscopic display system according to the present invention includes a liquid crystal display element in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates facing each other, and the liquid crystal display element is alternately shifted in timing from the right eye. For displaying the image for the left eye and the image for the left eye, and the light from the liquid crystal display element is incident, and the image for the right eye out of the incident light is not polarized light having the first direction, and the image for the left eye With respect to, a light modulation element which emits as a polarized light having a second direction different from the first direction, a screen which projects the polarized light emitted from the light modulation element, and a screen used for the screen, It is provided with a right-eye polarizing plate for viewing polarized light having a first direction and glasses having at least a left-eye polarizing plate for viewing polarized light having the second direction, whereby the above object is achieved. To be achieved.

[0023]

In the present invention, the liquid crystal display element alternately displays the images for the right eye and the image for the left eye, and the light modulating element for the right eye out of the light incident from the liquid crystal display element. The image is emitted as polarized light having a first direction, and the image for the left eye is emitted as polarized light having a second direction different from the first direction, and the emitted polarized light is displayed on the screen. The displayed image is captured by glasses having a right-eye polarizing plate for viewing polarized light having a first direction and a left-eye polarizing plate for viewing polarized light having the second direction.

Therefore, by setting the right-eye image and the left-eye image as images corresponding to the binocular parallax, it becomes possible to stereoscopically capture an object or the like.

[0025]

EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be described below.

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 shows a stereoscopic display system of this embodiment. In this system, the light source 1, the liquid crystal display device 10 in which the light emitted from the light source 1 is irradiated through the mirror 2 and the lens 3, and the reflected light from the liquid crystal display device 10 is the lens 3 and the slit 4. The light modulation element 50 which is irradiated through the screen, the screen 6 where the light transmitted through the light modulation element 50 is irradiated through the projection lens 5, and a polarization (not shown) for observing an image formed on the screen 6. With glasses.

The liquid crystal display device 10, as shown in FIG.
Reflective liquid crystal display element 12, light selection means 13 laminated on the reflective liquid crystal display element 12, and reflective liquid crystal display element 12
A drive circuit 14 for driving the liquid crystal display device 10, a filter drive circuit 15 for driving the light selecting means 13, and a display for controlling the drive circuit 14 and the filter drive circuit 15 for performing a desired display in a desired color on the liquid crystal display device 10. The control circuit 16 is included.

The reflection type liquid crystal display element 12 is an active matrix type liquid crystal display element, and uses a polarizing plate unnecessary type liquid crystal display mode, for example, a polymer dispersion type liquid crystal. Further, in the reflective liquid crystal display element 12, a transparent substrate 17 and a substrate 18 provided with a light reflecting means for reflecting incident light from the transparent substrate 17 side are arranged to face each other, and the transparent substrate 17 and the substrate 18 are arranged together. A liquid crystal 19 is interposed between them. A single common electrode is formed on almost the entire surface of the transparent substrate 17 facing the substrate 18, and a plurality of display electrodes are formed in a matrix on the surface of the substrate 18 facing the transparent substrate 17, and each electrode is formed. The area where the pixels overlap is a display area (pixel).
In the reflective liquid crystal display element 12, the drive voltage from the drive circuit 14 is applied between the common electrode and the display electrode, and a predetermined display is performed. The drive circuit 14 is controlled by a display control signal from the display control circuit 16. The display control signal has a right-eye image signal and a left-eye image signal for one frame, and the right / left-eye image signals are composed of red, green, and blue component image signals, respectively. .. For this reason,
The reflective liquid crystal display element 12 displays, for one frame, a red-, green-, and blue-component image of the right-eye image and a red-, green-, and blue-component image of the left-eye image. That is, six types of images are displayed in one frame.

The light selecting means 13 is a reflection type liquid crystal display element 12.
Is for giving colors to the six types of images displayed on the cyan filter 29C, magenta filter 29M,
The yellow filters 29Y are laminated in this order and arranged on the transparent substrate 17 side of the reflective liquid crystal display element 12. The cyan filter 29C forms transparent electrodes (not shown) over the entire surfaces of the pair of transparent substrates 20 and 21 facing each other, and a liquid crystal 22 containing a cyan dichroic dye, which will be described later, is interposed between the substrates 20 and 21. Composed. The magenta filter 29M forms transparent electrodes (not shown) over the entire surfaces of the pair of transparent substrates 23 and 24 facing each other, and a liquid crystal 25 containing a magenta dichroic dye described later is interposed between the substrates 23 and 24. Composed. Yellow filter 29Y
Forms transparent electrodes (not shown) over the entire surfaces of the pair of transparent substrates 26, 27 facing each other.
Liquid crystal 28 containing a yellow dichroic dye described later between 6 and 27
It is configured by interposing.

The cyan filter 29C, the magenta filter 29M, and the yellow filter 29Y are supplied with the AC voltage from the AC power supply 31 via the switching circuits 30C, 30M, and 30Y, respectively. Switching circuit 30C,
30M and 30Y selectively apply an AC voltage to the cyan filter 29C, the magenta filter 29M, and the yellow filter 29Y based on the switching signal from the display control circuit 16 to drive each filter. By controlling ON / OFF of each filter in this way, the red light, the green light, and the blue light, which are the three primary colors, can be incident on the reflective liquid crystal display element 12. Table 2 below shows the correspondence between the driving state of each filter and the color of incident light.

[0031]

[Table 2]

FIG. 3 is a timing chart showing the basic operation of the light selecting means 13. During the period from time t1 to time t3, the voltage is applied to the cyan filter 29C. The liquid crystal molecules do not immediately change their alignment state even when a voltage is applied, and require a certain transition period τ. This period τ corresponds to the response recovery speed of the liquid crystal molecules to the electric field. Therefore, even when the application of the voltage is started at the time t1, the cyan filter 29C actually responds to the voltage and the change in the alignment state is stabilized at the time t2 after the lapse of the transition period τ. Therefore, in the period TR from the time t2 to the time t3, the transmitted light of the light selection unit 13 becomes red light.

Similarly, the voltage application to each filter is repeated in the order of magenta filter 29M, yellow filter 29Y, cyan filter 29C, ...
Transmitted light is green light, blue light, red light, .... At this time, in FIG. 3, the left three red lights, the green light, and the blue light are given to the right eye image, and the next three red lights, the green light, and the blue light are given to the left eye image. Be done.

The light selecting means 13 is not limited to this example, and may be composed of three kinds of liquid crystals containing red, blue and green dichroic dyes, or a color polarizing plate and a liquid crystal panel may be laminated. Basically, a structure in which a neutral polarizing plate and a liquid crystal panel are laminated can be used as long as a desired color can be converted at high speed.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing the basic structure of the drive circuit 14. This circuit 14 has two signal holding capacitors 3 for holding the drive signal from the signal scanning unit 32.
3a and 33b are provided, and a switch SW1 for switching the drive signal from the signal scanning unit 32 to the capacitor 33a or 33b and a switch SW1 for switching the drive signal held in the capacitor 33a or 33b to the pixel drive unit 34. SW2 is provided. Some or all of this circuit is actually incorporated in the active matrix substrate 18.

The drive circuit 14 writes a drive signal for the next screen while a desired display is being performed. The details will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. While each liquid crystal (pixel) 35 is driven by the drive signal information stored in the capacitor 33b, the drive signal information to be displayed next in the picture element is stored in the capacitor 33a via the signal scanning unit 32 and the switch SW1. Accumulate. Such an operation is performed for all picture elements, and drive signal information to be displayed next to each pixel is displayed on the liquid crystal display element 12 (drive circuit 1).
4) The switch SW1 provided corresponding to each picture element is switched to the terminal a1 and the switch SW2 is switched to the terminal b2 at a proper timing after being taken in. By switching the switches SW1 and SW2, the liquid crystal display element 1
The second display screen instantly switches to the next screen. After that, the drive signal information to be displayed next is accumulated in the capacitor 33b, and the drive signal information is captured in the liquid crystal display element 12 (drive circuit 14). After that, the display operation is repeated to synchronize the screen switching timing, that is, the switching timing of the switches SW1 and SW2 with the timing of the color change of the light selecting unit 13, so that the color display can be performed.
At this time, as shown in FIG. 3, red light → green light →
One cycle of color change to blue light is performed on the image for the right eye and the image for the left eye in one frame. For example, the color for the right eye image is changed by one cycle, and then the color for the left eye image is changed by one cycle. Hereinafter, this is repeated. In addition, the period W2 in (4) of FIG. 5 corresponds to the response characteristic of the display mode applied to the liquid crystal display element 12, and is preferably shorter.

In the light selecting means 13, two colors (blue and red, red and green, green) can be obtained by appropriately adjusting the application timings of the applied voltages to the cyan filter 29C, the magenta filter 29M and the yellow filter 29Y. And blue) can be avoided, and accordingly, the start timing of the period W2 shown in FIG. 5 can be appropriately designed. Further, in the reflective liquid crystal display element 12, light reflection on a layer other than the light reflection means, for example, on a transparent substrate, a transparent electrode interface, various thin film interfaces becomes a problem, and an antireflection film is formed on these portions. This is effective in improving the contrast characteristics.

The problem here is the response characteristic of each liquid crystal element. Since the lower limit of the frequency at which the human eye does not feel the flicker of the display is about 30 Hz, the permissible time displayed for each of the colors red, blue, and green is about 5 msec in the above-described embodiment. In order to perform sufficient display for 5 msec, the light selection means 13 and the reflective liquid crystal display element 12 each have a response time of several msec or less,
What can realize color modulation and display is required.

The present inventor has studied various liquid crystal display devices in consideration of the response characteristics, and as a result, as liquid crystal display modes, a phase transition mode in which a dichroic dye is added, a polymer dispersion type liquid crystal display mode, and It has been found that the ferroelectric liquid crystal display mode is preferable.

The reflection type liquid crystal display element 12 having such a structure is
Regarding the image of one frame, for example, the image for the right eye is red,
Displaying in the order of green and blue, and then displaying the image for the left eye in the order of red, green, and blue is repeated, and the images of many frames are continuously displayed. Then, the reflective liquid crystal display element 1
The information displayed in 2 is incident on the light modulation element 50.
Upon this incidence, the liquid crystal display device 10 and the light modulation element 50
Excessive external light components are removed by the slit 4 provided between and.

As the light modulation element 50, incident light is linearly polarized, and the polarization direction of the polarized light is, for example, 0 °.
And 90 ° can be switched at high speed, or those that can convert the linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light and can be switched at high speed with its rotation direction as the left-right direction are used. The polarization direction or rotation direction is made different from the polarization direction or rotation direction of the polarization relating to the image for the left eye.

As shown in FIG. 6, the light modulating element 50 has a structure in which a normal neutral gray polarizing plate 52 which is not a so-called color polarizing plate and a liquid crystal panel P1 are laminated. The applied voltage of each liquid crystal panel P1 is controlled by the voltage adjusting circuit 55 connected to the power supply 54.

In the liquid crystal panel P1, as shown in FIG. 7, transparent electrodes 58 and 59 made of, for example, ITO (indium tin oxide) are formed on a pair of glass substrates 56 and 57, respectively. Alignment films 60 and 61 made of polyvinyl alcohol or the like are formed by coating the transparent electrodes 58 and 59, respectively, and a liquid crystal material having optical activity, for example, a TN type liquid crystal 62 is defined between them as described later. With a layer thickness of d
It is sealed with 3. In addition, the alignment film 60 of the liquid crystal panel P1,
An alignment treatment such as a rubbing treatment is performed on each of 61.

In the case of the TN type liquid crystal, in the liquid crystal panel P1, as shown in FIG. 7 (2), the alignment directions of the light incident side and the light emitting side are set to be orthogonal to each other, and the arrow A1a,
This is indicated by A1b. The alignment direction A1a on the incident side of the liquid crystal panel P1 is selected to be parallel to the polarization direction B1 of the polarizing plate 52, and the alignment direction A1b on the exit side is selected to be an orthogonal direction twisted by 90 ° from the alignment direction A1a. ..

Using the configuration shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 above,
The principle that stereoscopic display is possible will be described. As will be described later, the material of the liquid crystal 62 sealed in the liquid crystal panel P1 can be modified in many ways such as TN type liquid crystal and ferroelectric liquid crystal, but in any case, the liquid crystal panel P1 passes through the polarizing plate 52. By way of example, the state where the incident light is emitted as linearly polarized light twisted by 90 ° and the state where the incident light is directly emitted without being rotated are performed. In addition, although liquid crystal is used in this example, PLZ is used for other substances.
It is also possible to use a crystalline substance having birefringence such as T or BSO (Bi ₁₂ SiO ₂₀ ).

The liquid crystal panel P1 is, for example, in a state in which the linearly polarized light incident in the state in which the operating voltage is not applied (hereinafter, referred to as the off state) is rotated by 90 ° and the operating voltage is applied (hereinafter, referred to as the on state). Assume an operating state in which the polarization is not performed. Of course, the opposite setting is also possible.

When the liquid crystal panel P1 is in the off state, the red, green and blue lights that pass through the polarizing plate 52 and are emitted as linearly polarized light parallel to the polarization direction B1 are rotated by 90 ° in the liquid crystal panel P1. The polarized light in the direction of A1b is emitted. on the other hand,
In the ON state, the red, green, and blue lights that pass through the polarizing plate 52 and are emitted as linearly polarized light parallel to the polarization direction B1 pass through A1 as they are without changing the polarization direction.
The polarized light in the direction of a is emitted. At this time, for example, each color image of the right-eye image is rotated by 90 °, and each color image of the left-eye image is not rotated. The image rotated 90 ° may be the image for the left eye, and the image not rotated may be the image for the right eye.

By appropriately setting the liquid crystal panel P1 to either the ON state or the OFF state in this way, the right eye image and the left eye image having different polarization directions are alternately displayed on the surface of the screen 6. It becomes possible.

What is displayed on the screen 6 as described above is viewed with polarizing glasses (not shown). The polarizing glasses have a polarizing plate for the right eye and a polarizing plate for the left eye which have different polarization directions. For example, the polarizing plate for the right eye captures light polarized in the A1b direction, and the polarizing plate for the left eye polarizes in the A1a direction. I try to capture the light. Therefore, an observer can wear the polarized glasses to observe the object three-dimensionally.

The angle of optical rotation is not limited to 90 °,
Within a range greater than 0 ° and less than 180 °,
The angle may be such that the right-eye image and the left-eye image can be easily identified. It is preferably in the range of 45 ° to 135 °. When the light incident on the glasses is circularly polarized light, a phase plate is used to convert the left circularly polarized light and the right circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light having different 90 ° directions. Develop the shutter effect. That is,
The glasses are composed of a phase plate and a polarizing plate.

Therefore, since the liquid crystal display device 10 is used in the stereoscopic display system configured as described above, there is no adverse effect on the image formation due to the geomagnetism. Further, by providing the light selection means 13 on the light incident side of the liquid crystal display element 12 as in this embodiment, color display can be performed, and thus colorization can be easily achieved. In addition, since it is possible to observe in the same way as a normal screen display, there is no restriction on the viewing area, it is possible to observe with a large number of people, and by using the above-mentioned liquid crystal that can prevent the occurrence of flicker, The resolution can be improved, and the stereoscopic display system can be downsized by further improving the resolution.

As the liquid crystal used in the liquid crystal display device 10 described above, it is preferable to use polymer dispersed liquid crystal. For example, when the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal is formed in the liquid crystal panel without a seal, the joints of the panel can be made inconspicuous and the quality can be improved. As polymer dispersed liquid crystal,
Liquid crystal microencapsulated, uniform solution of liquid crystal and polymerizable compound cured by UV (ultraviolet) or heat, common solvent evaporated from uniform solution of liquid crystal, polymer and common solvent Those obtained by cooling a homogeneous solution of liquid crystal heated and melted with a thermoplastic resin, and those obtained by impregnating liquid crystal into a sponge-like cellulose film or micron-sized glass particles can be used. As an example, 2
-Ethylhexyl acrylate (monomer): Urethane acrylate oligomer: ZLI-1840 (manufactured by Merck) = 16:24:60 A mixture of a photopolymerization initiator uniformly mixed in a mixture, which was sealed in a panel and then irradiated with UV. It is produced by

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In this stereoscopic display system, the light from the light source 1 is applied to the liquid crystal display device 10 via the polarization beam splitter prism 70, and the reflected light from the liquid crystal display device 10 is passed through the polarization beam splitter prism 70, The configuration is provided to the modulation element 50. The same reference numerals are given to the same number parts as in FIG.

In this system, the polarization beam splitter prism 70, which is a combination of two prisms, is used because the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal display element 12 has ferroelectric liquid crystal TN mode, HFE mode and phase transition. Mode, guest-host mode, polymer-dispersed liquid crystal mode, homogeneous liquid crystal mode, antiferroelectric liquid crystal mode, electroclinic liquid crystal mode, and other display modes using polarized light. That is, when a ferroelectric liquid crystal is used as the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal display element 12, it is necessary to use polarized light on the light incident side or the light emitting side of the liquid crystal display element 12.

The light emitted from the light source 1 to the polarization beam splitter prism 70 is partially reflected by the inclined surface 70a of the polarization beam splitter prism 70, and the reflected light becomes polarized light having a predetermined polarization direction and is thus a liquid crystal display device. It is incident on 10. The light incident on the liquid crystal display device 10 is composed of the light selection means 13 and the liquid crystal display element 12 which constitute the liquid crystal display device 10.
By the same operation as described above in and, the red light, the green light, and the blue light having the predetermined image information are emitted and emitted toward the polarization beam splitter prism 70 side.

The light transmitted through the polarization beam splitter prism 70 is given to the light modulation element 50, where it is processed in the same manner as described above. Specifically, each color image of the right-eye image is rotated by 90 °, and each color image of the left-eye image is processed so as not to be rotated. The processed polarized light is displayed on the screen 6 after passing through the projection lens 5. By observing the displayed image with the same polarization glasses as before, the object is stereoscopically observed.

It should be noted that this embodiment has a drawback in that it becomes dark due to the presence of the polarizing plate disposed in the vicinity of the liquid crystal display element 12. In order to eliminate this drawback, the light generator shown in FIG. 9 or 10 may be used.

In the case of the light generator of FIG. 9, the indefinite polarized light from the light source 80 is separated by the polarization beam splitter 81 into two light fluxes of P-polarized light and S-polarized light which are linearly polarized light components whose polarization directions are orthogonal to each other. A polarized component that is absorbed and lost when a polarizing plate is used, for example, a P-polarized component is passed through two right-angle prisms 82 and 83. At this time, the polarization direction is rotated by 90 ° by totally reflecting the light on the inclined surfaces of the two right-angle prisms 82 and 83. As a result, the P-polarized light becomes equal to the S-polarized light. After that, the two light beams are refracted by the combining prism 84 and combined on the beam splitter 70. Therefore, the light efficiency is improved, and the stereoscopic display can be performed in a bright state.

In the case of the light generator of FIG. 10, the light emitted from the light source 86 is given to the optical filter 88 via the lens 87. At this time, of the light, for example, light that rotates in the counterclockwise direction is transmitted through the optical filter 88 and light that rotates in the clockwise direction is reflected, and the reflected light in the clockwise direction is reflected by the light source 86.
When the light travels to the side and is reflected by a concave mirror 89 provided on the side opposite to the lens 87 with the light source 86 interposed, it becomes counterclockwise light,
This time, it passes through the optical filter 88. After that, λ / 4 plate 9
When 0 is transmitted and emitted, all the light from the light source 86 is polarized. By applying this light to the beam splitter, the light efficiency is increased.

In the above two embodiments, the light selecting means 13 is arranged in front of the liquid crystal display element 12 so as to form a color image. However, basically, it is arranged between the light source and the screen. It can be installed anywhere. Further, the light selecting means 13 may be replaced with the one shown in FIG. In the case of FIG. 12, the light emitted from the light source 96 is passed through the ultraviolet cut filter 97 to cut the ultraviolet light, and the light cut from the ultraviolet light is mechanical R, G, B rotary filter 9
The colored light is passed through the lens 8, and the light is emitted after passing through the lens 99. In the two cases described above, color display can be easily performed in both cases.

As another method, color display can be performed by a structure in which a micro color filter is mounted on each display pixel by a dyeing method, an electrodeposition method, a printing method or the like. In this case, the light selection means becomes unnecessary. That is, as described above, the red, green, and blue images are not sequentially displayed on the liquid crystal display element 12 during the period required for the left or right eye image, but the color signal corresponding to each pixel is transmitted during the period. do it. Therefore, in this method, there is no problem even if the response speed required for the display element 12 is three times slower than that in the case where the light selection means 13 is required. Therefore, as a display mode to be used, a nematic liquid crystal with a normal twist can be applied, and a wide range of display modes can be selected.

On the other hand, as the active matrix substrate of the reflection type liquid crystal display element, a thin film transistor (TFT) using amorphous silicon or polysilicon, a glass substrate on which a non-linear element such as a diode is formed, or a crystal substrate such as silicon can be used. In particular, the latter case is desirable because the signal holding memory circuit 14 can be easily built in behind each pixel. FIG. 11 illustrates a specific structure in which a micro color filter and a silicon substrate are combined. In FIG. 11, three switching circuits and a memory circuit area 93 of the liquid crystal 92 are formed as a set of picture elements on the upper layer portion of the silicon substrate 91, and an electrode / reflection film 94 is formed on each switching circuit area 93. In this state, a gelatin film is formed on the entire surface of the single crystal silicon substrate 91. Then, the upper portions of the three switching circuit regions 93 constituting one set of this gelatin film are dyed red, green and blue to form color filter red 94a, color filter green 94b and color filter blue 94c, and the remaining The portion is a non-stained area 94d which remains the gelatin film. In the figure, reference numeral 95 denotes a transparent glass substrate which is arranged so as to face the silicon substrate 91, and 95a denotes a transparent counter electrode which is formed on the entire inner surface of the substrate 95.

Further, the structure of the liquid crystal display element is as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, a frame memory may be incorporated. Specifically, a liquid crystal display section 72 is formed in a central portion on a single crystal silicon substrate 71 serving as a base, and a liquid crystal drive circuit section 73, a storage circuit, an image processing circuit, etc. are formed around the liquid crystal display section 72.
4 are formed. The input signal is processed by the storage circuit, the image processing circuit 74, etc., and the processed signal is transferred to the liquid crystal drive circuit section 73, and the liquid crystal display section 72 is displayed.

When the liquid crystal display device having this structure is used, since the single crystal silicon substrate is used as the substrate, the IC technology can be applied as it is. That is, a fine processing technique, a high quality thin film forming technique, a high definition impurity introduction technique and the like can be applied. Also, by applying these technologies,
This is advantageous in achieving high definition, high speed operation and high reliability.

[0065]

As described in detail above, according to the present invention, since a liquid crystal display device is used, it is possible to form an image by geomagnetism.
It will not be adversely affected. Further, a liquid crystal display device is provided with a light selecting means, a color filter, or a mechanical R.I. G. Color display can be performed by additionally providing a B rotation filter or the like, and thus colorization can be easily achieved. In addition, since it is possible to observe in the same way as a normal screen display, there is no restriction on the viewing area, a large number of people can observe, and a liquid crystal and a circuit having a memory property that can suppress the occurrence of flicker are provided. The use and the application of the IC microfabrication technique can improve the resolution, and the improvement in the resolution can downsize the stereoscopic display system.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a stereoscopic display system according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a liquid crystal display device together with an electric circuit.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a time chart regarding applied voltages and types of transmitted light together.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a drive circuit.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a time chart regarding a scanning time and the like and types of transmitted light together.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing an optical modulator.

7A is a cross-sectional view showing a liquid crystal panel provided in the light modulation element of FIG. 6, and FIG. 7B is a polarization action explanatory view of the liquid crystal panel.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a light generating device suitable for the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing another light generating device suitable for the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a liquid crystal display element in which a color filter is integrally incorporated.

FIG. 12: Mechanical R. G. It is a perspective view showing a B rotation filter.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a liquid crystal display element incorporating a frame memory.

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating the principle of stereoscopic display.

FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing a conventional stereoscopic display system.

16 is a schematic view for explaining the operation of the polarized glasses provided in FIG.

FIG. 17 is a schematic view showing another conventional stereoscopic display system.

FIG. 18 is a schematic view showing still another conventional stereoscopic display system.

FIG. 19 is a schematic view showing still another conventional stereoscopic display system.

FIG. 20 is a schematic view showing still another conventional stereoscopic display system.

FIG. 21 is a schematic view showing still another conventional stereoscopic display system.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 light source 6 screen 10 liquid crystal display device 12 liquid crystal display element 13 light selecting means 14 drive circuit 16 display control circuit 50 light modulation element 70 polarization beam splitter prism

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A liquid crystal display element in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of opposing substrates, and a means for alternately displaying a right eye image and a left eye image at different timings on the liquid crystal display element. Light from the liquid crystal display device is incident, and the incident light is polarized light having a first direction for the image for the right eye, and the second light different from the first direction for the image for the left eye. A light-modulating element that emits as polarized light having a direction, a screen that projects the polarized light that is emitted from the light-modulating element, and a right side for viewing the polarized light having the first direction that is used toward the screen. A stereoscopic display system comprising: a polarizing plate for an eye; and glasses having at least a polarizing plate for a left eye for viewing polarized light having the second direction.