JPH04313013A - Plane type range finder/goniometer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a plane type range finder/goniometer which turns around an optical beam for measurement along a horizontal plane for executing multipoint survey in a short time without requiring a surveyor to sight a measuring point. CONSTITUTION:The optical beam for measurement of a light-wave range finder 10 is turned around along a horizontal plane by means of a pentagonal prism 8 which is turned by means of a motor 4 and reflected by the reflecting surface of a measuring point. The reflected optical beam is detected by the range finder 10 as a returning optical beam. An encoder 12 generates pulses proportional to the rotational angle of the motor 4 and a zero position detecting switch 14 detects the passing timing of the prism 8 through the zero position of the rotational angle. A controller 16 calculates the horizontal angle of the measuring point from the pulses and detection of the returning beams by means of the range finder 10. A remote controller 36 calculates the two-dimensional coordinates of the measuring point from the horizontal angle and the distance measured by the light-wave range finder 10.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a rangefinder and goniometer used for, for example, pile driving surveying and positioning of tunnel excavators, and in particular, a plain rangefinder and goniometer for measuring two-dimensional coordinates. Regarding rituals.

0002

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various types of surveying instruments, such as a transit or theodolite, or a distance meter, have been used to measure the two-dimensional coordinates of a measurement point based on the viewpoint of the surveyor. Particularly in recent years, high-precision takiometers, generally referred to as total stations, are often used. As an example, taking a stakeout survey to determine a large number of stakeout points, a reflecting prism is installed as a target at the stakeout point, and an observer looks at this target using a total station to collect distance and angle measurement data. The three-dimensional coordinates of each piling point are calculated based on this data.

0003

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] However, even when using high-precision surveying equipment such as a total station, the measurement accuracy is basically determined by the measurer's visual acuity. Errors cannot be avoided.

Furthermore, when there are a large number of measurement points, it is necessary to change the viewing direction of the surveying instrument for each measurement at each measurement point. Therefore, measurement work takes time.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its purpose is to provide a plane distance measurement method that eliminates the need for the observer to look at a large number of targets and can shorten the measurement work time. Our goal is to provide goniometers.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the plane type rangefinder and goniometer according to the present invention has a reflective surface arranged at each measurement point in a horizontal plane so as to face the origin coordinates. A rangefinder goniometer that optically measures the two-dimensional coordinates of each measurement point using a reflective surface, emits a measurement light beam from the origin coordinates, and detects a return light beam from the reflection surface with respect to this measurement light beam. a light wave distance meter that measures a straight line distance from origin coordinates to a measurement point based on the coordinates of the origin, generates a return light beam detection signal over a period in which the return light beam is detected, and has a coaxial collimation optical system; an optical path converter disposed on the optical axis of the optical distance meter, which deflects the measurement light beam and the return light beam at right angles to each other, and causes the return light beam to have an optical path of the measurement light beam reverse; a rotation means for rotating the optical path changing means at a constant speed around a rotation center axis coaxial with the optical axis of the meter; None, and a leveling means for leveling at least the optical distance meter, the optical path converting means, and the rotating means so that the linear distance becomes a horizontal linear distance, and a pulse proportional to the rotation angle of the rotating means is generated. A pulse generating means and a detection reference position defined in advance on the rotating surface of the optical path converting means detect the timing at which the rotation angle zero position is passed during the rotation of the optical path converting means, and at the same time as this detection, the rotation angle is zero. a rotational angle zero position detection means for generating a position detection signal, a rotational angle zero position detection detection signal from the rotational angle zero position detection detection means, a pulse from the pulse generation means, and a return light beam detection signal from the light wave distance meter. an angle calculation means for calculating the horizontal angle formed by the measurement point with respect to the origin coordinates, with the rotation angle zero position as a reference; The present invention is characterized by comprising coordinate calculation means for calculating the two-dimensional coordinates of the measurement point from the horizontal straight line distance from the origin coordinates to the measurement point.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the calculation of the horizontal angle by the angle calculation means is performed using the following formula, θ=(360·Δn
)/n (where θ is the horizontal angle to be determined, n is the number of pulses generated by the pulse generating means during one rotation of the rotating means, and Δ
n is the pulse generating means during the rotation of the optical path changing means from the zero rotation angle position to the rotational position where the measurement light beam passes through the center position of the horizontal width of the reflecting surface at the measurement point of the angle measurement target. (number of pulses generated).

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the reflective surface comprises a pole to which a reflective sheet is attached. In this case, the pole may be extendable and retractable.

[0009]

[Operation] According to the above configuration, assuming that the leveling by the leveling means has been adjusted, the measurement light beam of the light wave rangefinder is emitted in the normal direction of the horizontal plane, and then is directed along the horizontal plane by the optical path changing means. The optical path is changed in the opposite direction. This measurement light beam is rotated and irradiated in a 360 degree direction along a horizontal plane by rotation of the optical path changing means. When the measurement light beam passes through the reflection surface, the return light beam (reflected light beam) from this reflection surface travels backward along the optical path of the measurement light beam and is detected by the light wave distance meter, and based on this detection, the origin coordinates are determined. The horizontal distance between the measurement points is measured.

On the other hand, the horizontal angle that the measurement point makes with respect to the coordinates of the origin can be measured as the rotation angle of the optical path converting means. That is, it is the rotation angle (temporarily assumed to be θ1) of the optical path converting means from the zero rotation angle position (temporarily assumed to be θ0) in one rotation of the optical path converting means until the measurement light beam irradiates the reflective surface of the measurement point. Here, the timing at which the detection reference position of the optical path converting means passes through the zero rotation angle position θ0 (temporarily referred to as t0) can be detected by the zero rotation angle position detection signal from the zero rotation angle position detection means. Further, the timing (temporarily referred to as t1) at which the detection reference position of the optical path converting means passes through the rotational position θ1 can be detected by a reflected light beam detection signal from a light wave distance meter. Therefore, the rotation angle θ=θ1 −θ0 to be determined is the rotation angle of the optical path converting means between timings t0 and t1. This rotation angle can be calculated from a pulse proportional to the rotation angle of the rotation means by the pulse generation means.

Since the distance and angle measurement data of the measurement point is obtained as described above, the two-dimensional coordinates of the measurement point can be calculated based on this data.

0012

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following explanation, the three-dimensional coordinate system indicated by lowercase letters xyz is a coordinate system fixed to the plain rangefinder angle meter body 40, and the three-dimensional coordinate system indicated by uppercase letters XYZ refers to the horizontal plane to be measured as the XY plane, and this This is a coordinate system in which the normal direction of the XY plane is the Z direction. The xyz coordinate system and the XYZ coordinate system can be made to coincide with each other by leveling the plane type rangefinder and goniometer body 40.

[0013] The plain rangefinder goniometer main body 40 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 includes a cylindrical outer tube 2. As shown in FIGS. A beam transmission window portion 2a along the circumferential surface of the outer tube 2 is formed of dustproof glass. Inside the outer cylinder 2, the rotation of the motor shaft 4a of the motor 4 with a speed reducer is decelerated by a speed reducer (not shown) built into the motor (rotating means) 4, and is transmitted to the output shaft 4b. A pentaprism fixing fitting 6 is attached to the output shaft 4b, and a pentaprism (optical path converting means) 8 is fixed to this fixing fitting 6. Therefore, the pentaprism 8 is the output shaft 4b of the motor 4.
It is rotated by the drive of. This pentaprism 8 deflects the incident light beam and the outgoing light beam at right angles. That is,
A light beam incident from below in the vertical direction (z direction) of the pentaprism 8 is reflected by the first reflecting surface 8a of the pentaprism 8, further reflected by the second reflecting surface 8b, and is emitted in a direction perpendicular to the z direction. be done. Here, let's say pentaprism 8
1, the light beam emitted from the pentaprism 8 is emitted in the x direction via the dustproof glass 2a. Conversely, a light beam incident on the pentaprism 8 from the x direction is reflected by the second reflective surface 8b of the pentaprism 8, then reflected by the first reflective surface 8a, and is emitted in the z direction perpendicular to the x direction. A light wave distance meter 10 is arranged below the pentaprism 8 to measure the distance from the origin coordinates to the measurement point. This optical distance meter 10 is arranged so that its objective lens section 10a faces the pentaprism 8, and this objective lens section 10a serves as an output section for the measurement light beam B1 and an input section for the return beam B2 to the measurement light beam B1. Also serves as a department. The measurement light beam B1 that is emitted from the objective lens section 10a in the z direction and enters the pentaprism 8 is emitted in a 360° direction horizontal to the xy plane as the pentaprism 8 rotates, and enters the reflective surface of the measurement point. . The reflected light beam (return beam) B2 from this reflecting surface travels backward along the optical path of the measurement light beam B1 and returns to the objective lens section 10a. This reflected light beam B2
Based on the detection, the optical path length, that is, the straight line distance, from the origin coordinates to the measurement point is measured by the optical distance meter 10 using a phase difference method. Note that the optical path length from the origin coordinates to the measurement point is longer than the actual straight-line distance because it includes an internal path necessary to convert the measurement light beam B1 emitted from the optical distance meter 10 in the z direction to the xy direction. is also longer. However, since the length of the internal path can be measured in advance, by setting the length of the internal path as an offset value in the optical distance meter 10, it is possible to measure the actual straight-line distance.

Further, an encoder 12 (pulse generating means) is provided on the motor shaft 4a of the motor 4 with a speed reducer, and this encoder 12 outputs a pulse proportional to the rotation angle of the motor shaft 4a, thereby generating the pentaprism 8. Detect the rotation angle of Here, the encoder 12 is connected to the output shaft 4 of the motor 4.
The reason why the output shaft 4b was provided on the motor shaft 4a instead of the motor shaft 4a is because the output shaft 4b is decelerated (the number of revolutions is low).
This is because the resolution of the rotation angle of the pentaprism 8 can be improved on the side.

Furthermore, a zero position detection switch (zero position detection means) 14 is arranged near the fixture 6, and this zero position detection switch 14 detects the zero rotation angle position of the fixture 6, that is, the zero rotation of the pentaprism 8. Detect angular position.

Detection signals from the encoder 12 and the zero position detection switch 14 are transmitted to a control device (
angle calculation means) 16. This control device 16 obtains angle information of the measurement point based on the applied detection signal. Furthermore, the control device 16 controls the drive/stop of the motor 4 and the start/end of the distance measuring operation of the light wave distance meter 10 in accordance with a measurement start command/measurement end command from a remote control device 36, which will be described later. Note that when the motor 4 is driven, its rotational speed is controlled to a constant speed.

For this purpose, in this embodiment, a DC servo control system is incorporated in the control device 16, as shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, the reference value given to the driver 16a that drives the motor 4 includes the encoder 12
The output is D/A converted by the D/A converter 16b and fed back. That is, when the rotation of the motor 4 changes,
Since the number of pulses generated by the encoder 12 per time varies, the output of the encoder 12 is fed back as described above to control the rotation of the motor 4 to be constant.

A diagonal mirror 1 is provided on the lower surface of the outer cylinder 2.
A collimating telescope 20 is attached via 8. This collimating telescope 20 observes a target within its field of view via a diagonal mirror 18, an objective lens section 10a of the optical distance meter 10, and a pentaprism 8.

A leveling mechanism section 26 (levelling means) for leveling adjustment of the rangefinder goniometer main body 40 is attached to the bottom surface of the outer cylinder 2. Furthermore, a bubble tube 28 is provided on the upper surface of the outer cylinder 2, which is used as a criterion for leveling adjustment. Leveling mechanism section 2
6 is provided with a pair of upper and lower plates 26a and 26b, of which only the upper plate 26a is attached to the bottom surface of the outer cylinder, and the lower plate 26b is fixed to the leg head 30a of the tripod 30. The distance between the upper plate 26a and the lower plate 26b can be variably adjusted by a leveling screw 26c. The leveling screws 26c are arranged at, for example, three locations along the outer peripheral surface of the outer cylinder outer wall 2b, and by appropriately adjusting the leveling screws 26c at these three locations while referring to the bubble tube 28, the distance measurement angle can be determined. The instrument body 40 is leveled. If the xyz coordinate system and the XYZ coordinate system match by properly leveling the rangefinder goniometer main body 40, the measurement light beam emitted from the main body 40 in a 360° direction will be aligned along the XY plane. It will be emitted onto a horizontal plane.

A power source 34 such as a battery or an AC/DC adapter is disposed outside the main body 40. This power source 34 supplies the power required by the main body 40 to drive the motor 4, the optical distance meter 10, and the like. A remote control device (coordinate calculation means) 36 such as a microcomputer, which is also placed outside the main body 40, gives the measurement start command/measurement end command to the control device 16 inside the outer cylinder 2, and also receives commands from the control device 16. The coordinates of the measurement point are calculated based on the provided ranging data and angle measurement data. These power supply 34 and remote control device 36 are a power supply connector 2b and a remote control device connector 2c provided on the outer cylinder 2, respectively.
is detachably connected to the main body 40.

FIGS. 5(A) and 5(B) show examples of targets equipped with reflective surfaces used for measurement with the above-mentioned rangefinder and goniometer. The target 50a shown in FIG. 5A is a prismatic pole, and a reflective sheet 52 serving as a reflective surface is attached to the four surrounding surfaces of the target 50a. It is assumed that the width w of the reflective sheet 52 on each surface is equal. On the other hand, the target 50b shown in FIG. 5(B) is a cylindrical pole, and the reflective sheet 52 is pasted on its entire circumferential surface. Since the entire circumference of the cylindrical target 50b is a reflective surface, the cylindrical target 50b has no directionality with respect to the measurement light beam. These targets 50a and 50b are driven into the measurement point with their pointed ends 54, but at this time, they are driven horizontally with reference to the circular bubble tube 56 on the top surface of each target 50. Since the reflective surfaces of these targets 50a and 50b are vertically elongated sheets, the measurement light beam can be incident on each measurement point even if there is some height difference. Further, it is optional to attach an appropriate stand (not shown) to these targets 50a and 50b for maintaining their posture. Furthermore, since both targets 50a and 50b are configured as poles, they are easy to carry.

Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 6(A) and 6(B), prismatic or cylindrical surveying telescopic poles 50c, 50
It is also possible to configure a target by attaching a reflective sheet 52 to the circumferential surface of the outer cylinders 50g and 50h. In this case, the poles 50c and 50d, which are made up of the inner cylinders 50e and 50f and the outer cylinders 50g and 50h, are telescopically telescopic, so they can easily adapt to the ups and downs of the measurement site and are easy to carry.

Next, regarding the operation of the above distance measuring goniometer,
Taking the multi-point survey shown in FIG. 7 as an example, explanation will be given along the flowchart shown in FIG. 8.

The rangefinder goniometer main body 40 is installed at the origin coordinate position, the above-mentioned leveling adjustment is performed (step S1), and the remote control device 16 and power supply 34 are connected to the rangefinder goniometer main body 40 (
Step S2). Next, targets Ta1 to Ta4 are installed at the measurement points P1 to P4, respectively, and a reference target Ta0 is installed at the measurement reference point P0 (step S3). Here, targets Ta1 to Ta4
For example, the above-mentioned prismatic target 50 is used. Further, as the reference target Ta0, a known collimation target equipped with a reflecting prism is used. The point P0 where this reference target Ta0 is installed is the angle zero point (0, Y) that serves as a measurement reference during angle measurement, and corresponds to the zero rotation angle position of the pentaprism 8. The set position of this measurement reference point P0 is determined by collimating the reference target Ta0 with the sighting telescope 20. Below, the straight line L0 connecting this measurement reference point P0 and the origin coordinates (0,0)
is called the measurement reference line. Incidentally, the light wave range finder 10 is constituted by a light wave range finder in which a collimating optical system and a distance measuring optical system are coaxial.

Although the preparation for measurement is completed above, the preparation work up to this point is not necessarily limited to the order of steps S1 to S3. When the measurement preparation is completed, remote control device 3
6 gives a measurement start command to the control device 16, and the control device 1
6 causes the light wave distance meter 10 to emit measurement light and drives the motor 4 with a speed reducer at a constant speed (step S4).

In the measurement work, angle measurement is first performed (step S5). This angle measurement is performed from measurement points P1 to P
Execute in the order of 4. In this case, one measurement point P1
9, the signal shown in FIG. 9 is obtained from the rangefinder goniometer body 40. In FIG. 9, since the motor 4 is rotating at a constant speed, the encoder 12 generates regular pulses a. The zero position detection switch 14 generates a pulse b indicating the zero rotational position of the pentagonal prism 8. light wave distance meter 10
generates a pulse c indicating the detection of a returning light beam. Each of these pulses a, b, and c is given to the control device 16 and counted. The control device 16 obtains the repetition period T1 of the pulse b based on the count of the rotation zero position detection pulse b. This period T1 corresponds to 360 degree rotation of the motor shaft 4a. By counting the number of encoder pulses a generated during this T1, the number n of pulses corresponding to 360 degree rotation of the motor shaft 4a is obtained. In addition, the pulse width W of the return light beam detection pulse c is the measurement point P through which the measurement light beam passes.
1, the center WC of this pulse width W corresponds to the width w of the reflective surface of the target Ta1.
can be regarded as the center of the width of the reflecting surface. Therefore, the control device 16 generates a center position pulse d indicating the time when the measurement light beam passes through the center of the width of the reflective surface of the target Ta1 from the encoder pulse a and the return light beam detection pulse c. Here, the time T2 from the rotational zero position t1 by the rotational zero position detection pulse b to the target center passing position t2 by the center position pulse d is the period from the rotational zero position to the time when the measurement light beam passes through the width center of the target Ta1. Equivalent to. That is, the rotation angle θ1 of the pentagonal prism 8 at this time T2 corresponds to the angle θ1 made by the horizontal straight line connecting the center of the reflective surface width of the target Ta1 and the origin coordinates (0,0) with respect to the measurement reference line L0. By counting the number of encoder pulses a generated during this time T2, the number of pulses Δn proportional to the angle θ1 is obtained. The control device 16 controls the number n of encoder pulses corresponding to 360 degree rotation of the motor shaft 4a and the rotation angle θ1 of the pentaprism 8.
The angle θ1 is determined from the encoder pulse number Δn corresponding to the following equation (1). θN = (360・Δn)/n...(1) where θ
N is the angle to be determined, and corresponds to θ1 for measurement point P1. This equation (1) is based on the control device 16 in advance.
It is assumed that it is stored in .

As the rotation of the pentagonal prism 8 progresses, operations similar to those described above are sequentially executed for P2 to P4, thereby measuring the measurement points P2 to P4.
The angles θ2 to θ4 are also found. The reliability of the measurement can be improved by repeating the above angle measurement several times and determining the angles θ1 to θ4 as average values. The angles θ1 to θ4 thus determined are provided from the control device 16 to the remote control device 16.

Next, distance measurement is performed (step S6). When measuring the distance to the measurement point P1, the control device 16 stops the pentaprism 8 at the rotational position of the angle θ1 obtained in the angle measurement step S5. In this state, the pentaprism 8 is at the target Ta.
It will be directly opposite to 1. In this state, the optical distance meter 10
calculates the horizontal distance L1 from the origin coordinates (0,0) to the target Ta1, and provides this value to the remote control device 36 via the control device 16. Repeat the same operation at each measurement point P2.
~P4 is also executed.

Next, the coordinate values of the measurement points are determined (step S7). The remote control device 36 controls the angle θ1 that has already been determined.
, horizontal distance L1, the XY coordinate values (X1, Y1) of the measurement point P1 are determined according to the following equations (2) and (3).

[0030]XN=LN cos θN...(2)
YN = LN sin θN ... (3) Here, the subscript N
is a number corresponding to the subscript of the measurement point, and N = 1 for measurement point P1. It is assumed that these equations (2) and (3) are stored in advance in the remote control device 36. Next, in the above equations (2) and (3), step S5,
By substituting the angles θ2 to θ4 and horizontal distances L2 to L4 for each of the measurement points P2 to P4 found in S6, the coordinates of each of the measurement points P2 to P4 are also found in sequence. Here, the meter remote control device 36 determines whether coordinate calculations for all measurement points have been completed (step S8). If the result of the judgment is negative, the control device 1
Steps S5 to S7 are repeated through Step 6. Then, when the coordinate calculations for all measurement points are completed, the remote control device 36 stops the optical distance meter 10 and the motor 4 via the control device 16, and ends the measurement (step S9).

In the above embodiment, there are four measurement points P1 to
Although the case where the target 50a (FIG. 4) is installed in advance at P4 has been described, the same effect as in the above embodiment can be obtained even if the target 50b (FIG. 5) is used. In this case, the width w of the reflective surface 52 of the target 50b corresponds to the peripheral surface facing the plain rangefinder goniometer main body 40. Furthermore, measurement can be performed while sequentially moving one target to points P1 to P4, and the number of measurement points is also arbitrary. Furthermore, the shape of the target is the target 50a, 50
It is not limited to b. For example, if there are no undesired height differences on the measurement surface, a known reflective prism may be used as the target. In addition, the optical path conversion means 8
Although the pentaprism 8 is shown as an example, the present invention is not limited to this.

[0032]

Effects of the Invention As explained above, according to the plane-type distance-measuring angle meter of the present invention, by rotating the measurement light beam of the light wave rangefinder along the horizontal plane, one plane-type distance-measuring angle meter can be used. With just the ceremony, and without changing the installation posture,
Two-dimensional coordinate measurement of measurement points in the entire circumference direction is possible. In this case, distance measurement is carried out optically using a light wave distance meter, and angle measurement is carried out by calculation based on the detection of the rotation of the measurement light beam, so there is no need for the measurer to aim at a large number of measurement points. . Also, regarding angle measurement, one rotation is 360 degrees.
It is also possible to measure multiple measurement points in the ° direction. Therefore, the working time is shortened, the burden on the worker is reduced, and the work can be streamlined.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing the main parts of a plane type rangefinder and goniometer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cutaway side view showing a main part of the plane type rangefinder and goniometer shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the plain rangefinder and goniometer shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a motor control system in the control device for the plane type rangefinder and goniometer shown in FIG. 1;

5A and 5B are perspective views showing examples of targets used with the plane type rangefinder and goniometer of FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 6(A) and FIG. 6(B) are perspective views showing other examples of targets.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of multi-point surveying using the plain rangefinder and goniometer in FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating the measurement process of FIG. 5;

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing signals generated in the measurement process of FIG. 5;

[Explanation of symbols]

4...Motor (rotation means), 8...Penta prism (optical path conversion means), 10...Light wave distance meter, 12...Encoder (pulse generation means), 14...Zero position detection switch (zero position detection means), 16...Control device (Angle calculation means) 26...Leveling mechanism section (levelling means), 36...Remote control device (coordinate calculation means).

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A rangefinder and goniometer, in which a reflective surface is arranged at each measurement point in a horizontal plane so as to face the origin coordinates, and the two-dimensional coordinates of each measurement point are optically measured by the reflective surface, A measurement light beam is emitted from the origin coordinates, a straight line distance from the origin coordinates to the measurement point is measured based on the detection of the return light beam from the reflective surface with respect to the measurement light beam, and a period during which the return light beam is detected. a light wave rangefinder that generates a return light beam detection signal over the range and has a coaxial collimation optical system; an optical path changing means for reversing the optical path of the measuring optical beam for the returned optical beam; and a rotating means for rotating the optical path changing means at a constant speed around a rotation center axis coaxial with the optical axis of the optical distance meter. and at least the light wave range meter and the optical path changing means such that the optical axis of the light wave range meter and the rotation center axis form a normal line to the horizontal plane in the origin coordinate, and the straight line distance is a horizontal straight line distance. a leveling means for leveling the rotation means; a pulse generation means for generating a pulse proportional to the rotation angle of the rotation means; and a detection reference position predefined on the rotational surface of the optical path conversion means. Rotation angle zero position detection means detects the timing of passing through the rotation angle zero position during rotation of the means, and generates a rotation angle zero position detection signal at the same time as this detection, and the rotation angle detected by this rotation angle zero position detection means. Based on the zero position detection detection signal, the pulse from the pulse generating means, and the return light beam detection signal from the light wave distance meter, calculate the horizontal angle that the measurement point makes with respect to the origin coordinates with the rotation angle zero position as a reference. and coordinate calculation means for calculating two-dimensional coordinates of the measurement point from the horizontal angle calculated by the angle calculation means and the horizontal straight line distance from the origin coordinates to the measurement point measured by the light wave distance meter. A plane type range finder and goniometer characterized by comprising: 2. Calculation of the horizontal angle by the angle calculating means is performed using the following formula: θ=(360·Δn)/n (where θ is the horizontal angle to be determined, and n is the pulse generated during one rotation of the rotating means. The number of pulses generated by the means, Δn, is
The pulse generating means generates a pulse during the rotation of the optical path changing means from the zero rotational angle position to the rotational position where the measurement light beam passes through the center position of the horizontal width of the reflecting surface at the measurement point of the angle measurement target. 2. The plane type rangefinder and goniometer according to claim 1, wherein the plane type rangefinder and goniometer follow the pulse number). 3. The plane type rangefinder and goniometer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the reflective surface comprises a pole to which a reflective sheet is attached. 4. The plane type rangefinder and goniometer according to claim 3, wherein the pole is extendable and retractable.