JPH04251239A - Stereoscopic viewing photographing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the stereoscopic viewing photographing device which allows the easy presentation to an observer and can photographs images having a stereoscopic feel with simple constitution and easy operations. CONSTITUTION:This photographing device has a single image photodetecting means 1 which receives the light images and reproduces the images and a lens system 2 having the single optical axis for forming the light images on the image photodetecting means 1. The above-mentioned stereoscopic photographing device has plural apertures 4 and has a light shielding means 3 disposed within the luminous flux of the lens system 2 forming the light images.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a stereoscopic imaging device for capturing images that produce a stereoscopic effect during playback.
In particular, the present invention relates to a stereoscopic imaging device that has a simple configuration and is easy to handle.

0002

2. Description of the Related Art Humans are equipped with two eyes, and the parallax between the left and right eyes creates a sense of perspective and three-dimensionality. FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between binocular parallax and stereoscopic effect. 15l is a human being looking at a curved arrow 20l. As shown in FIG. 12, a deviation occurs at the position of the plane 21l of the light beam reaching the left and right eyes viewing the arrow 20l. Therefore, if an image having a positional shift as shown in the figure is given to each of the left and right eyes on the plane 21l in FIG. 12, a three-dimensional effect can be given even to a planar image.

[0003] Various attempts have been made to give a three-dimensional effect when the image surface is flat. Most of them use the surface 21l shown in FIG. 12 as an image plane, and provide images having a shift corresponding to parallax to the left and right eyes, respectively. To do this, it is first necessary to form an image having a shift corresponding to parallax. Images include images projected on a television screen or screen, and photographic images. To obtain such an image, two cameras are used separated by an amount corresponding to parallax. If it is a still image, one camera is moved and taken.

[0004] The two images obtained as described above are
Presented to each eye. One way to present the image is to have someone look through something like binoculars and present it to each eye, but this has the problem that it is difficult to see and only one person can see it. A method that has been widely used in recent years is to use polarized light with polarization directions that differ by 90 degrees to form images with parallax on a screen, etc., and then wear glasses with polarizing filters corresponding to the respective polarization directions on the left and right eyes. It is something to look at. Furthermore, if a natural color image is not required, a shifted image of different colors is formed and viewed by wearing glasses with corresponding color filters.

[0005]

Problems to be Solved by the Invention When attempting to provide an image with a three-dimensional effect as described above, it is necessary to create an image having a shift corresponding to parallax. To do this, as mentioned above, you can take pictures using two cameras, or
Or it is necessary to shift the camera and take the picture. If two cameras are shifted by an amount corresponding to the parallax to take pictures, the equipment becomes complicated and large, and it is also difficult to operate. Furthermore, even if the camera is shifted to take a picture, a device for moving the camera in accordance with the parallax is required, and the picture-taking operation is also complicated.

Furthermore, even if images with a shift corresponding to parallax are obtained, it is not easy to provide images that correspond to the left and right eyes, respectively. For example, even with the above-mentioned method of using a polarizing filter, a complicated device is required to form an image on the screen that is shifted by a predetermined amount using light whose polarization directions are different by 90 degrees. The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus that can easily take images with a three-dimensional effect.

[0007]

[Means for solving the problem] The above problem can be solved by using two cameras or by using a means for receiving two sets of light images, such as by shifting the cameras, and a lens system. This is due to the fact that two images are obtained. Therefore, in order to form an image with a single camera, the present applicant inserted a light shielding plate that had multiple apertures in the light beam, and compared to when taking pictures without such a light shielding plate,
An image with good three-dimensional effect was obtained. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a stereoscopic imaging device according to the present invention. In other drawings, parts having similar functions are represented by the same numbers with lowercase letters.

That is, the stereoscopic imaging device of the present invention has a single image receiving means 1 for receiving and reproducing an optical image, and a single optical axis for forming an optical image on the image receiving means 1. A photographing device equipped with a lens system 2 having a plurality of apertures 4 and a light shielding means 3 disposed within the light beam of the lens system 2 that forms an optical image, making it possible to photograph images with a three-dimensional effect. This is a stereoscopic imaging device characterized by:

[0009]

[Operation] The image receiving means 1 is an image pickup device for photographic film or television images. In the lens system 2, the wider the angle of the lens, the more three-dimensional effect can be obtained. The light shielding means 3 is, for example, a light shielding plate having two circular openings 4a as shown in FIG. 2, and although it is provided inside the lens system 2 in FIG. It is also effective to place the

The present invention is based on the results of actual photography, and although it is not possible to fully explain the reason for the three-dimensional effect, it is believed that this is due to the factors described below. Figure 3
1 is a diagram showing an optical path when a curved arrow 6b, which is an object to be photographed, is photographed by the photographing device of the present invention. 1b is an image light receiving means, 2b is a lens, and 3b is a light shielding plate. Suppose that point A on the arrow is now in focus. Then, the light that enters the lens 2b from point A through the opening of the light shielding plate 3b is focused on one point of the image light receiving means 1b, and no deviation or blurring occurs.

Next, the light that enters the lens 2b from the point B on the arrow through the opening of the light shielding plate 3b is temporarily focused in front of the image light receiving means 1b because the point B is outside the focal plane. Then, the light from each aperture is shifted and projected as two points on the image light receiving means 1b. In this case, if the aperture size is small, the depth of focus is deep, so although the image at point B is shifted, the blur is not very large. A phenomenon similar to that at point B occurs also at point C. Therefore, the image of the arrow of light passing through the upper aperture becomes the image shown at the top of FIG. 3, and the image of the arrow of light passing through the lower aperture becomes the image shown below. As mentioned above, the smaller the aperture, the smaller the blur, so two images are formed, as if the center were the same but the periphery, that is, the image is out of focus.

[0012] When an out-of-focus image as described above is presented on a photograph, a television screen, or the like, it is thought that a three-dimensional effect is produced. A photographing device such as the present invention is
Since the conventional photographing device is simply provided with a light shielding means having an aperture, it is easy to manufacture and easy to operate.

[0013]

[Embodiment] The shape of the opening of the light shielding means 3 has two circular openings 4a, as shown in FIG. Although it is suitable from the shape, it is not necessarily limited to this. FIG. 4 shows an example of the opening. The image shown in (a) has four circular openings, and since they are offset not only left and right but also upward, the sense of depth in the vertical direction increases.

FIG. 4B shows an aperture having a slit shape, and although the blur in the vertical direction is large, the blur in the horizontal direction is small, giving a different feeling from the light shielding means shown in FIG. Figure 4
As shown in (c), an image giving a three-dimensional effect can be obtained even with an annular aperture that is not a separate aperture. Note that such an opening shape is created by forming a light shielding film on a transparent glass flat plate.

As explained above, photographs and television images obtained with the photographing device of the present invention give a three-dimensional effect even when presented as is, but there is a method of giving a three-dimensional effect using the aforementioned polarizing filter or color filter. An example to which the present invention is applied will now be described. FIG. 5 shows the arrangement for photographing when different color filters are attached to the opening of the light shielding means. 1f is an image sensor of a color film or color television camera. 7
f and 8f are filters of different colors, and in the case of a filter with a wide transmission wavelength range, such as a colored glass filter, filters of different colors, such as red and blue, are appropriate. If the transmission wavelength can be arbitrarily set using an interference filter or the like and images can be separated, the transmission wavelength may be set in consideration of color reproduction, which will be described later.

In any case, color images of the filters 7f and 8f are formed on the light-receiving surface 1f as shown by the image 7f and the image 8f, as explained in FIG. 3. Lens 2f uses a wide-angle lens, but since the lens has vignetting, if the aperture is too close to the lens, only the color of the filter will be bright on the side where the filter is, so be careful about the position of the aperture. There is a need to.

Next, the image photographed in this manner is observed as shown in FIG. 15g is human, 14g
is the plane on which the image is presented. Color filters 9g and 10g have the same spectral characteristics as color filters 7f and 8f in FIG. 5, respectively. As shown in Figure 6, the plane 14g
If the image obtained in FIG. 5 is presented to the user, a three-dimensional image can be obtained. Here, the spectral characteristics of the color filter will be explained. Figure 7
(a) is a diagram showing the spectral characteristics of the blue and orange colored glass filters used in this example. As shown in the figure, the respective spectral characteristics do not overlap much, and good stereoscopic effect and color reproduction can be obtained for white, green, and yellow objects. From the point of view of color reproduction, filters 1 and 2 having spectral characteristics as shown in FIG. 7(b) are ideal.

However, when a color filter is used, the three-dimensional effect may differ depending on the color, and the three-dimensional effect cannot be obtained for objects that have spectral characteristics only at short wavelengths or only at long wavelengths. However, in the natural world, there are not many object colors that have only one spectral characteristic, so
This is not a big problem. As shown above, Figure 5
If the photographing device and presentation method shown in FIG. 6 are used, a three-dimensional image can be obtained very easily in both photographing and presentation.

As mentioned above, when color filters are used, the three-dimensional effect differs depending on the color, but such a problem can be solved by using a polarizing filter instead of a color filter. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the arrangement for photographing when a polarizing filter is used in the opening of the light shielding means 3h. This arrangement is almost the same as that in FIG. 5, but 11h and 12h are polarizing filters, and the polarization directions differ by 90°. Since the light receiving means 1h cannot separate polarized light, it has a composite polarizing filter 13h at or near the light receiving surface. The composite polarizing filter 13h is an arrangement of minute polarizing filters having polarization directions parallel to the polarizing filters 11h and 12h, respectively, as shown in FIG. This minute polarizing filter has a pitch of 13 μm, for example, and corresponds to the pixels of a television camera in the case of television photography.

The image thus obtained is observed in the arrangement shown in FIG. 15i is human, 16i
and 17i are glasses made with polarizing filters whose polarization directions differ by 90°. 18i is an image obtained as described above, such as a slide projection of a television screen or photographic film. The filter 19i corresponds to the above-mentioned composite polarizing filter, and its pitch is changed by the ratio of the size of the photographed image to the image to be presented, and is accurately aligned with the image.

By photographing and presenting images as shown in FIGS. 8 and 10 using a polarizing filter, the principle of observing a stereoscopic image is the same as in the case of color filters, and a composite polarizing filter is created. Although it is necessary, it is easy to operate because the camera for taking pictures is a single unit and the presentation can be done on a single display. In both the case of using a color filter and a polarizing filter, an example having a small aperture was shown. In the case of a small aperture, even if defocus occurs, the depth of focus is deep and blur is small, which is preferable for obtaining a three-dimensional effect. However, when the aperture becomes smaller, a problem arises in that the amount of light is insufficient. FIG. 11 shows an example of a color filter or a polarizing filter that increases the amount of light while allowing the blur caused by the shift in the focal position to increase. This is a filter that divides the luminous flux into two as shown in the figure. This significantly increases the amount of light obtained at the light receiving surface. Moreover, according to experiments, the three-dimensional effect of the image is also good.

[0022]

[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, it is possible to realize a photographing device that can obtain images with a three-dimensional effect with a simple configuration using a single image receiving system and lens system, and can also be easily presented to an observer. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a stereoscopic imaging device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of an opening of a light shielding means.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the principle of photographing images with a three-dimensional effect using the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the shape of an opening of a light shielding means.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the arrangement of a photographing device in which a color filter is attached to an opening of a light shielding means.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an arrangement for observing the image obtained in FIG. 5 through color filter glasses.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of spectral transmittance characteristics of a color filter.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the arrangement of an apparatus for attaching a polarizing filter to an opening of a light shielding means and photographing the image.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of an array of a composite filter in which minute polarizing filters with required polarization directions different by 90 degrees are arrayed when a polarizing filter is used.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the arrangement when observing the image obtained in FIG. 8;

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of a color filter or a polarizing filter that divides a luminous flux into two to obtain a bright image.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of parallax and stereoscopic effect.

[Explanation of symbols]

1...Image light receiving means 2...Lens system 3...Shading means 4...Opening 5...Optical axis 6...object 7f, 8f...color filter 9g, 10g...Color filter for observation 11h, 12h...Polarizing filter 13h…Composite polarizing filter 14g...Image presentation surface 15g...human 16i, 17i...Polarizing filter for observation 18i...Image presentation means 19i...Second composite polarizing filter

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A single image receiving means (1) for receiving and reproducing an optical image, and a lens having a single optical axis for forming an optical image on the image receiving means (1). system(
2), which has a plurality of apertures (4) and includes a light shielding means (3) disposed within the light beam of the lens system (2) that forms an optical image, and which provides a three-dimensional effect. A stereoscopic imaging device characterized by being capable of capturing images. 2. A single image receiving means (1) for receiving and reproducing an optical image, and a lens having a single optical axis for forming an optical image on the image receiving means (1). system(
2), the annular opening (4e)
1. A stereoscopic imaging device comprising: a light shielding means (3e) disposed within the light beam of the lens system (2) that forms an optical image, and capable of photographing an image with a three-dimensional effect. [Claim 3] A photographing device for photographing an image with a three-dimensional effect when observed by placing different color filters in front of the left and right eyes, which receives a light image and reproduces a color image. a single image receiving means (1f), a lens system (2f) having a single optical axis for forming an optical image on the image receiving means (1f), and a lens system for forming an optical image on the image receiving means (1f); A stereoscopic imaging device characterized by comprising a filter plate disposed within a light beam and partially composed of two types of color filters corresponding to color filters during observation. 4. The filter plate (3f) is a light shielding plate having a plurality of openings, and the two types of color filters (7f)
, 8f) are respectively attached to the opening. 5. An image reproduced close to a composite polarizing filter in which two types of minute polarizing filters having polarization directions different by 90 degrees are arranged, each having a polarization direction substantially parallel to the polarization direction of the polarization filter. A device for photographing images that produce a three-dimensional effect by placing polarizing filters in front of the left and right corresponding eyes for observation, the device including a second composite polarizing filter similar to the composite polarizing filter on the light receiving surface. a lens system having a single optical axis for forming an optical image on the image receiving means, and the lens for forming the optical image. It is characterized by comprising a filter plate that is arranged in the light beam of the system and is composed of two types of polarizing filters having polarization directions corresponding to the two directions of the polarizing filter that partially forms the second composite polarizing filter. Stereoscopic imaging device. 6. The filter plate (3h) is a light shielding plate having a plurality of openings, and the two types of polarizing filters (1
1h, 12h) are respectively attached to the openings.