JPH0395455A - Checking apparatus of inner quality of fruit or vegetable - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the detecting efficiency of the inner quality by detecting vibration waves generated by an impact means which has a sensor part arranged confronting to a predetermined position of a fruit or vegetable and is driven sequentially, analyzing the waveforms and automatically checking with a predetermined standard. CONSTITUTION:A detecting signal 20 from a photosensor 25 and an encoder 24 corresponding to a fruit or vegetable 10 positioned at a fixed position is operated by a control apparatus 200, which subsequently outputs a detecting position signal 202. When a sensor part 31 of a vibration wave detecting means 3 comes confronting to the position, a plurality of impact means 4 are sequentially driven to apply impacts to the fruit or vegetable 10 from various positions. Accordingly, the vibration waves generated from the fruit or vegetable 10 are detected by the sensor part 31 and sent to a waveform analyzing/operating means 5. This means 5 analyzes at 51 the waveforms of the vibration waves to carry out operations for predetermined measuring items, and at the same time, determines the class at every impact through comparison with the classifying value preset by a selecting standard setting part 52. The inner quality of the fruit or vegetable 10 can be checked from the sum of the detecting results of the means 5.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention is directed to the internal quality (
The present invention relates to an inspection device that automatically inspects cavities, cracks, ripeness, etc., and particularly relates to an internal quality inspection device for fruits and vegetables that is more suitable for application in fruit and vegetable sorting facilities.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, the internal quality inspection of fruits and vegetables such as watermelons and melons has been carried out using the sensuality of a person who uses their hands to tap each part of the fruit's outer surface and uses the sound to determine internal defects and ripeness (overripe, unripe, etc.). This method is generally used.

In addition, experimental research is being conducted in university laboratories around the country and the Food Research Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries to evaluate the ripeness and internal defects of fruits and vegetables based on the impact sound (vibration waves) that they emit when they are tapped. Research papers have been published in journals of the Japan Society of Agricultural Machinery, etc.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In the method of inspecting internal quality using human senses, the internal quality is determined by tapping each part of the outer circumferential surface of fruits and vegetables based on the sound, which takes a lot of effort (time) and does not improve efficiency. Furthermore, this human sensory testing method can only be judged by a highly skilled person with many years of experience. In addition, there were individual differences in the judgment results even among experts. Furthermore, as sensory organs become duller over time due to fatigue and other factors, erroneous judgments regarding internal quality are more likely to occur. There was a problem in which the product did not receive good reviews from consumers, and improvements were desired.

In addition, the method announced above analyzes and evaluates the impact sound (vibration waves) produced when fruits and vegetables are tapped, by combining various measuring instruments and operating them one by one in a laboratory. These analyzes are used for basic tests on limited samples in laboratories, and are not practical in fruit sorting facilities that inspect and sort large quantities of fruits and vegetables of different sizes. There was a point.

The problem to be solved by this invention is to automatically inspect randomly transported fruits and vegetables of varying sizes according to a certain standard, and to improve internal quality inspection performance.

[Means to solve the problem]

The internal quality inspection device for fruits and vegetables according to the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and is as follows.

vibration wave detection means for detecting vibration waves of the fruits and vegetables by making the sensor portion correspond to a predetermined detection position of the fruits and vegetables; When the system responds to the situation, it operates sequentially and applies shock to fruits and vegetables. The vibration waves (including impact sound, hereinafter simply referred to as vibration waves) caused by the impact means and each impact are sequentially analyzed in waveform, and predetermined measurement items related to internal quality are calculated from the obtained waveform data. a waveform analysis arithmetic processing means for determining the grade of each impact by comparing the obtained values with preset grade division values, comprehensively determining the respective determination results, and outputting a comprehensive determination signal; It is characterized by consisting of.

It is effective to calculate the predetermined detection position of the fruits and vegetables by providing a detection position calculation means. In addition to measuring the shape and dimensions, a detection position for detecting vibration waves of fruits and vegetables is calculated from the measurement results, and a detection position signal is output.

The conveying means is a conveying device that preferably places the fruits and vegetables one by one on a tray (7). For example, a conhair such as a roller conhair is used, and a predetermined number of stationary stations are provided on the conveyance path of the conhair to temporarily stop the tray. It has a station equipped with equipment.

The shape and dimensions of fruits and vegetables are measured using a measuring means such as a semiconductor laser, a light emitting diode, or a camera device.

The measurement signal from this measuring means is configured to be subjected to arithmetic processing by a control device such as a programmable controller (PC) having an arithmetic control section to calculate a detected position and output a detected position signal.

Further, the measurement signal is configured to be sent to a waveform analysis calculation processing means and added as a means of waveform analysis.

The detection position of the vibration wave is a position for detecting vibration waves emitted by the fruit or vegetables when an impact is applied to the fruit or vegetables, and is set, for example, at the equator, the lower part, or the top of the fruit or the fruit. be able to.

The vibration wave detection means includes a sensor section that detects vibration waves, and a drive device that moves this sensor section to a detection position of the vibration waves.

It is preferable that a plurality of the sensor parts be arranged in a predetermined arrangement around the fruits and vegetables in combination with the arrangement of the impact means. The drive device is configured to operate in response to a detection position signal output from the detection position calculation means, and to follow the sensor section to a predetermined detection position of the fruit or vegetable.

For example, the impact means may be configured such that it is arranged in the most suitable positional relationship with the arrangement of the sensor section by applying a technique of hitting the fruits and vegetables not in one place but in a plurality of places as in conventional manual work, and making a judgment based on the echo thereof. do.

That is, a plurality of impact means are provided in a predetermined arrangement around the fruits and vegetables, and when the sensor section of the vibration wave detection means corresponds to the vibration wave detection position, the impact means are arranged in a predetermined order at predetermined time intervals. Be careful so that it operates as if applying shocks one after another.

It is preferable that the intervals at which the plurality of impact means are activated in sequence are set to a time period until the vibration from the previous impact has substantially attenuated.

The impact means is arranged, for example, at a position opposite to the arrangement of the sensor section, or at a position perpendicular to the arrangement of the sensor section.

The waveform analysis calculation processing means includes a waveform analysis unit that analyzes vibration waves by frequency analysis using a power vector and waveform analysis using an autocorrelation function, and a waveform analysis unit that determines the grade by setting grade classification values for each predetermined item related to internal quality. A screening standard value setting section will be established.

Further, the waveform analysis calculation processing means analyzes the vibration waves emitted by the fruits and vegetables due to the impact of each of the plurality of impact means, determines the grade, comprehensively evaluates the respective determination results, and outputs a comprehensive determination signal. Construct as if

[Effect]

According to the internal quality inspection device for fruits and vegetables of the present invention, when the detection position calculation means calculates the detection position for detecting the vibration waves of the fruits and vegetables and outputs the detection position signal, the sensor part of the vibration wave detection means is moved to the detection position by the drive device and operates accordingly. Then, when the sensor section corresponds to a predetermined detection position, the plurality of impact means operate in sequence to apply impact from different positions. In this way, the respective vibration waves emitted by the fruits and vegetables when the impact means applies impact from different positions at different times are detected by the sensor sections and sent to the waveform analysis calculation processing means. The waveform analysis calculation processing means performs waveform analysis on each of the vibration waves, performs calculation processing on predetermined measurement items, and compares the respective vibration waves with preset classification values to determine the respective grades of the sequentially applied impacts. The internal quality of fruits and vegetables can be inspected by comprehensively judging the judgment results and outputting a comprehensive judgment signal.

That is, according to the present invention, an appropriate detection position is obtained depending on the shape and size of the fruits and vegetables, and the impact is applied to the fruits and vegetables from different positions, so that internal defects are not overlooked and accurate quality inspection can be performed. I can do it.

〔Example〕

A preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown in the drawings (Figs. 1 to 1) below.
The explanation will be based on Fig. 7).

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway plan view.

In the figure, 1 is a conveying means for conveying an empty saucer 6 and a tray 6 with fruits and vegetables 10 placed thereon, and 2 is provided in the middle of the conveyance path of the conveying means 1, and measures the shape and dimensions of fruits and vegetables 10 and outputs a measurement signal. 3 is a vibration wave detection means for detecting the vibration waves of the fruits and vegetables 10; 4 is a plurality of impact means provided in a predetermined arrangement around the fruits and vegetables 10; and 5 is a waveform analysis means for the detected vibration waves. calculates and processes predetermined measurement items, compares the obtained measured values with preset class classification values to determine the grade of each impact, makes a comprehensive judgment of each judgment result, and outputs a comprehensive judgment signal. This is a waveform analysis calculation processing means.

The conveying means 1 is constituted by a roller conveyor in which a large number of driven rollers 11 having a width suitable for conveying the tray 6 are arranged. Although the rollers 11 can be driven by, for example, a conveyor chain, it is preferable to use a helmet drive method to suppress vibrations and noise and eliminate the cause of erroneous judgments during inspection. Moreover, this conveying means 1
For example, as shown in the cross-sectional view of Fig. 4, a conveyor in which narrow-width belts 12 are arranged side by side at a predetermined interval or a conveyor belt (not shown) can be used, but in either case, noise such as vibration and noise should be minimized. It is preferable to suppress it.

Further, as a different embodiment, the conveyance means 1 may be constructed such that a free cone hair that is not driven is provided and the receiving tray 6 on the conhe hair is transferred by means of a transfer means or the like. (Not shown) Here, the saucer 6 will be explained using FIG. 3. The saucer 6 has a mounting portion on the upper surface for stably placing the fruits and vegetables 10, and has a predetermined number of protrusions 61 each having a support surface 61a. It is shaped as such. In the drawing, there are four protrusions 61
However, this number is not limited, and it is preferable that the mounting portions have an appropriate shape depending on the type, size, shape, etc. of the fruits and vegetables 10.

Each of 621 to 625 is a display indicator that displays the overall grade determined from the internal quality of the fruit and vegetable stem 10, and displays five grades (excellent, excellent, good, average, and poor).

Reference numeral 620 is a display indicator that indicates when there is an internal defect such as a cavity or crack.

This display switch 620 to 625 is an operating switch that allows you to visually see the change when operated, such as a toggle, push button, or reher type, and the grade is displayed based on the displacement or change of the operating section of this operating switch. be able to.

As described above, the saucer 6 having the display suinochi 620 to 625
According to the above, the results of the quality inspection can be displayed on the tray 6, and when re-inspection is performed manually, for example, corrections can be easily made by simply replacing the display switch. Further, in order to sort by grade, it is possible to sort by reading changes in the display level.

Returning to FIGS. 1 and 2, ] 3 is a stationary device which separates the tray 6 transported by the transport surface of the transport means 1 from the general transport surface so as to float it above the transport surface at a predetermined position. The following precautions are taken to ensure that the system is kept on standby.

Note that the predetermined position here means that the measuring means 2 is located at the fruit or vegetable proboscis 10.
It refers to the position for measuring the shape and dimensions of the vibration wave, the position for the vibration wave detection means 3 to detect the vibration wave, and the position before and after these for waiting for measurement or for tying to carry out.

Reference numeral 131 denotes a strike member made of a synthetic resin material, a synthetic rubber material, or the like, and is disposed between the rollers IL 11 and attached to the heath 132. This soba member 1
31, when the tray 6 protrudes from between the rollers IL 11
It is preferable to select the material based on the coefficient of contact friction, since it acts as if it were to come into contact with the bottom surface of the plate and hold the saucer 6 stationary.

Heath 132 is a cylinder 13 arranged to move up and down.
The piston rotor 133a of No. 3 is attached to the
- The buckwheat member 131 is configured to be movable up and down.

The operation of the stationary device 13 is such that when the receiving plate conveyed on the conveying means l reaches the stationary device 13 for six months, an output signal from a sensor (not shown) that detects this causes the cylinder 13 to move.
3 is activated, the striker member 131 comes into contact with the bottom surface of the tray 6 and moves to push it up onto the surface of the roller 11, separating the tray 6 from the conveying surface and standing still.

In addition, this stationary device 13 is connected to the conhair frame of the conveying means 1 and the frames of other machines in order to prevent noises such as vibrations of the conveying means 1 and other machines from being directly transmitted to the waiting tray 6. It is preferable to install them so that they are not directly connected.

Reference numeral 14 is a positioning device, which positions the saucer 6, which is waiting to be raised by the stationary device 13, at a fixed position, as shown in FIG. This will be explained in detail using FIG.

141 141 is a centering arm, which is combined with a pinion 144, and this pinion 14
4 meshes with the rack 143, and the rack 143 is connected to the piston rod 142a of the cylinder 142. When this cylinder 142 is activated by an operation command (not shown), the centering arm 1
41, 141 move in the arrow (→) direction on both the left and right sides at the same time,
The saucer 6 can be positioned at a fixed position.

Note that this positioning device 14 is provided corresponding to the measuring means 2, the vibration wave detecting means 3, and the human power equipment W15, which will be described later.

This positioning mechanism is not limited to this embodiment, but it can also be constructed using a device with other positioning mechanisms.

Reference numeral 15 is a human-powered device, which displays display switches 620 to 620 on the saucer 6.
625 is operated to display internal defects and grades on the saucer 6. To explain this with reference to FIG. They are respectively attached to the bracket l-153 via 152. 154 is a cylinder, and the tip of the piston 1 is connected to the input link 151.
The cylinder 15 is connected to one side of the cylinder 15 by a pin 154a.
Due to the expansion/contraction movement of the piston 1/rot.4, the actuating portion 151a of the input link 151 is activated by the display switches 620 to 620.
It acts like operating (inputting) 625.

If the total al-'f stage 2 is explained with reference to FIG. 7, 21
The frame is shaped like a gate, and a cylinder 22 is attached with screws 1 and screws 23 facing downward. This cylinder 22 is combined with an encoder 24 that generates a pulse (signal) every fixed movement amount in accordance with the operation.

25a. Reference numeral 25b denotes a photoelectric sensor, which is installed on both sides (left and right) across the conveyance path of the tray 6, and works as a pair to emit and receive light to generate a light beam. This photoelectric sensor +25a,
25b is attached to the lifting arm 26, and this lifting arm 26
It is connected to 3.

In the figure, reference numeral 27 denotes a guide par provided in the vertical direction, and is attached to the frame 21 via a bracket 28. 29 is a slide bearing, and the guide bar 27
and is attached to the lifting arm 26.

According to the measuring means 2 configured as described above, the photoelectric sensor +25a... 25b is lowered from above to a predetermined position below, and operates so as to send a signal from the fruit or vegetable 1o blocking the light beam and a signal from the encoder 24 as a measurement signal 20 to a control device 200 to be described later.

This control device 200 uses a programmable controller (PC) or the like having an arithmetic control section, and calculates an appropriate vibration wave detection position by processing the 15 16 measurement signals 20 according to a predetermined calculation method. Detected position signal 2
I am careful to output 02.

The detection position of the vibration wave can be set, for example, at the equator (circumference), the shoulder, the top of the fruit, etc., depending on the type, shape, size, etc. of the fruit or vegetable 10. As an example, if the fruit or vegetable 10 is approximately spherical and the detection position is set at the equator, the control device 200 may be configured to calculate the position A of the number of pulses intercepted by the fruit or vegetable 10 as the detection position, and output the detection position signal 202. Although this measuring means 2 uses a cylinder as an actuator for raising and lowering in the drawings, this is not particularly limited, and other different actuators such as a servo moke or a pulse mower may be used.

Further, the measurement stage 2 can also be constructed using a gate method using a known beam or a camera device (none of which is shown).

The vibration wave detection means 3 includes a sensor section 3l for detecting vibration waves emitted by the fruits and vegetables 10, and a drive device iZ32 that moves the sensor section 31 to a detection position of the vibration waves.
It consists of

The sensor section 31 will be described as 311 with reference to FIG.
is a vibration wave detection sensor, and the sensor head 312
is attached to. 313 is a ring-shaped sensor band, made of elastic material such as soft rubber or sponge.
It wraps around the vibration wave detection sensor 311 and is attached to the sensor head 312.

Reference numeral 314 denotes a hemlock flange, which holds the sensor head 312 via wings 315 and allows the sensor head 312 to swing freely. 316 is a cylinder, and the hemlock flange 314 is located at the tip of the piston rod 316a.

This cylinder 316 is fixed to a uni-soto housing 317.

On this Unisoto base 317, as shown in FIG.
In this arrangement, the impact stages 4, which will be described later, are mounted on the left and right sides facing and perpendicular to the direction in which the impact is applied.

17 18 In the embodiment, a vibration wave detection sensor 311 such as a microphone was used as a sensor for detecting vibration waves, but when detecting by directly contacting the fruits and vegetables 10, a vibration wave sensor such as a pink amplifier (not shown in the figure) may be used. ) can be used.

The drive device 32 is constructed as shown in FIG. 3
Reference numeral 21 denotes a cylinder, which is attached downward to the frame 322, and the above-mentioned uni-sodium hose 317 is connected to the tip of the piston rod 321a of this cylinder 321.

Reference numeral 323 denotes a guide sheath, which is attached to the UniSoto base 317 via a guide bush 324 provided on the frame 322, and is configured to guide the lifting and lowering movements of the unit sheath 317.

325 is a position detection device, for example, an encoder or the like is used. This moves the sensor section 31 to the origin position W (
The cylinder 321 is moved so as to detect the amount of movement (signal) from the origin position in order to move the fruits and vegetables 10 from the imaginary line (illustrated imaginary line) to the vibration wave detection position that changes depending on the size of the fruits and vegetables 10.
It is provided in combination with the expansion and contraction movement of.

Although the cantering device 32 uses a cylinder in the drawings, it is also possible to use an actuator such as a servo motor or a pulse motor to cause the sensor section 31 to follow the vibration wave detection position.

The impact device 4 is shown in Fig. 8. It is constructed as shown in FIG. 41 is a hammer having a hammer head 42;
One end of the hammer shaft 43 is rotatably supported by a support shaft 44 . 45 is a cylinder, and the hammer shaft 43 is loosely connected to the tip of each piston rod via a connector 46. That is, due to the expansion and contraction of the cylinder 45, the hammer head 42 moves in and out of the support shaft 44 in the direction of the arrow.

Reference numeral 47 denotes a hammer case for housing the hammer 41 and the cylinder 45 in a frame, and the support shaft 44 and a support shaft 48 that pivotally supports the head side of the cylinder 45 are attached to pass through the case. This hammer case 47
is connected to the piston rod of the cylinder 49 attached to the UniSoto base 317, so that the entire hammer case 47 can be retracted. In addition, 50 is a guide bar for guiding the movement of the cylinder 49 into and out, and 471 is a pad made of rubber, sponge, etc., which is fixed to a part of the hammer case 47 to soften the contact with the fruits and vegetables 10. I have to.

Further, the arrangement of the impact means 4 is arranged in plurality around the fruits and vegetables 10 in appropriate combination with the arrangement of the sensor section 31 as shown in FIG. As a different embodiment of this arrangement, an arrangement as shown in FIG. 10 may be used.

The circuit of the control device 200 is configured to operate the plurality of impact means 4 in a predetermined order.

Furthermore, although the impact means 4 of the embodiment is configured to move up and down in combination with the drive device 32 of the vibration wave detection means 3, it can also be constructed in combination with a lift device alone.

Further, as another method of the impact means 4, it is also possible to use a vibrator such as a speaker dryer to apply an impulse with a pulse signal. In this case, the sensor section 31 can detect vibration waves by using a sensor such as Pisocqua or Bu.

In FIG. 1, the waveform analysis calculation processing means 5 includes a waveform analysis section 51 and a selection standard value setting section 52.

The waveform analysis section 51 performs waveform analysis on a plurality of measurement items, and includes a frequency analysis circuit that analyzes the vibration waves detected by the vibration wave detection means 3 using a power spectrum, and a waveform analysis circuit that analyzes the vibration waves using an autocorrelation function. It has a circuit to do this.

Note that the methods of detecting a peak frequency using a power spectrum and obtaining an autocorrelation function using the waveform analysis method are well known, so their explanation will be omitted.

511 is an amplifier for the vibration wave detection sensor 311;
2 is a filter. The circuit is configured such that the vibration wave signal detected by the vibration wave detection sensor 3l↓ is input to the waveform analysis section 51 via the amplifier 511 and filter 512.

In this circuit, when a plurality of vibration wave detection sensors 311 are arranged, vibration waves 21 22 are inputted from each sensor 311 separately.

The screening standard value setting section 52 is configured to set multiple levels of standard values for each measurement item, as shown in FIGS. 11 to 15.

That is, P, . P. ...P5 is each measurement item, A, B,
C... evening is the classification value for each measurement item, ab
, c...W is the grade category (weight I) that specifies which grade to assign items that fall within the range of each category value above,
For example, the top, excellent, and excellent grades are given as ■, good as ■, average as ■, and outside as ■), and the weighting for characterizing the degree of defect is arbitrarily set for each measurement item. is doing.

For each measurement item, it is preferable to use a power spectrum and an autocorrelation function that are most relevant to the internal quality of the fruits and vegetables 10. As an example, the following measurement items P, to P5 are used.

The measurement item P1 is obtained by multiplying the first peak frequency obtained from the power spectrum of frequency analysis by the coefficient of the size obtained from the size of the fruit or vegetable 10 using the measurement signal 20.
The measured value is 1, and is mainly used to judge ripeness, etc.

Measurement items P2 and P3, Power Spec I/Le 1st
The difference in power levels between the peak frequency and the second or third peak frequency is used as the measured value of P2 and P3, and is mainly used to determine the uniformity of internal quality.

The measurement item P has a size P4 of a waveform area connecting the peak points of each period of the autocorrelation function waveform, and is mainly used for determining internal defects such as cavities.

The measurement item P is the measurement value P5, which is a value obtained by integrating the area surrounded by the time axis reference line of the autocorrelation function waveform and the waveform, and is mainly used for determining internal defects.

The results of grading each measurement item as described above are comprehensively judged based on the comprehensive judgment table shown in FIG. 16, and a grade signal thereof is output. In addition, *marks indicate each measurement item (p
+-P5) is a code indicating which grade is rated.

In this embodiment, since the impact means 4 are arranged at two cents 23 24 , the result of the first impact and the result of the second impact are comprehensively determined and the determination result is output.

That is, the results of the first impact are compared with the respective classification values, and the maximum value (lowest) among them is used as the result of the judgment and is classified into grades. Furthermore, the second impact result is analyzed and determined in the same manner as described above to determine the second grade. Then, the first and second times are compared, and the lower grade is set as 1, which is the result of e judgment. In the figure, ■
The overall judgment result is (average). Further, when the measurement item is an item for inspecting a prespecified internal defect, a comprehensive judgment signal 55 is output that is a combination of the internal defect presence signal 551 and the grade signal 552.

This output signal 55 is sent to the input device 15 and acts to operate any one of the display switches 620 to 625 on the saucer 6.

In this example, the measurement items are Pl, P2. P:l+
Although the explanation has been made using the five items of PgP5, it is not limited to five items, for example, two items, P1 and P, or +3 may be used.

Alternatively, it may be a combination of other items or just one item.

The operation of the internal quality inspection apparatus for fruits and vegetables configured as described above will be described below with reference to the block diagram of FIG. 17.

The shape and dimensions of the fruits and vegetables 10 placed on the tray 6 transported by the transport means 1 are measured by the measuring means 2, and a measurement signal 20 is input to the control device 200.

Then, the control device 200 outputs an operation command 201 based on the measurement signal 20, calculates a detection position for detecting vibration waves of the fruits and vegetables 10, and outputs a detection position signal 202. Then, when the sensor part 31 of the vibration wave detection stage 3 moves to the detection position according to this detection position signal 202, the plurality of impact means 4 are sequentially activated according to the activation command 201 to apply impact from different positions. It works like this. The vibration waves emitted by the fruits and vegetables 10 due to this impact are sequentially detected by the sensor section 31, and are detected by the amplifier 511.
The signal is sent to the waveform analysis section 51 via the filter 512.

Then, in the waveform analysis section 51, the sequentially inputted vibration waves are
The waveform is sequentially analyzed by frequency analysis using the power spectrum and waveform analysis using the autocorrelation function, and the waveform data is input to the selection standard value setting section 52. The sorting standard value setting unit 52 performs arithmetic processing on each of a plurality of measurement items related to the internal quality of the fruits and vegetables 10 from the sequentially inputted waveform data, and compares the obtained values with preset grade classification values to determine the respective values. The grade of impact is determined, the results of this determination are comprehensively determined, and a comprehensive determination signal 55 is output.

The input device 15 is actuated by this comprehensive judgment signal 55 to operate any one of the display switches 620 to 625 on the tray 6 to display the grade on the tray M6.

In the embodiment, the impact means 4 are arranged at two predetermined locations around the fruits and vegetables 10, but the invention is not limited thereto.

Of course, the arrangement of the sensor section 31 is not limited to the embodiment, and may be any arrangement that can effectively detect vibration waves when an impact is applied.

In addition, as a method of comprehensive judgment, if only one item has the lowest rank value among each measurement item, this is not considered as a judgment result, but if two or more items have the same rank and a lower rank value. Comprehensive judgment can also be made.

Furthermore, although not shown, the importance (weighting) of the measurement items is assigned to each item, and the weighting magnification is also indicated for each grading category, so that when each item is graded, the corresponding It is also possible to integrate the magnification of the grade classification and the score of the measurement item, respectively, and determine the grade based on the total score.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, the internal quality inspection device for fruits and vegetables according to the present invention is configured such that the sensor section corresponds to a predetermined position on the fruits and vegetables, and sequentially operates a plurality of impact means provided in a predetermined arrangement around the fruits and vegetables. It is designed to detect the vibration waves emitted by fruits and vegetables due to the successive impacts given by this impact means, analyze the waveforms, and make a comprehensive grade judgment based on multiple measurement items related to internal quality. For example, unlike inspections that were performed by manually tapping each part of fruits and vegetables, since the inspection is performed by applying impact from multiple places, internal defects, etc. cannot be overlooked, and fruits and vegetables of stable quality can be provided.

Furthermore, the labor-saving automation eliminates the conventional quality variations caused by individual differences, allowing a uniform selection of fruits and vegetables to be provided to the market and consumers, which has earned high praise.

Furthermore, if the structure is such that the shape and dimensions of fruits and vegetables are measured while the fruits and vegetables are placed on the conveyance means and conveyed, and the vibration wave detection position is calculated based on this result, the fruits and vegetables can be simply fed onto the conveyance means. It can be inspected automatically, and quality can be improved if applied to fruit sorting facilities that continuously sort large quantities of fruit.
Extremely large effects such as rationalization were achieved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Each of the drawings shows an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway front view showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a partially cutaway plan view of the same, Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the saucer, and Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the conveying means. , FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the positioning device, FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram with a partially broken part of the input device, FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the measuring means, and FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the vibration wave detection means and the impact means. Fig. 9 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the impact means, Fig. 10 is a plan view illustrating another arrangement of the impact means, Figs. FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram for comprehensive judgment, and FIG. 17 is an operational block diagram. 1...Transportation means 10...Fruits and vegetables 11...
・Roller 12...Bell 1. 13...Stationary device 131...Storage member 132...Heath 133.
...Cylinder 133a...Piston rod 1
4... Positioning device 141... Centering arm 142... Cylinder 142a... Piston rod 143... Lasock 144... Pinion 15... Human power device 151... Human power link 151a... Actuation part 1
52... Support shaft 153... Bracket soto 1
54... Cylinder 154a... Pin 29 30 2... Measuring means 20... Measurement signal 200... Control device 20
1... Operation command 202... Detection position signal 2
1... Frame 22... Cylinder 23.
...Piston rotor 24...Encoder 25a,
25b...Photoelectric sensor 26...Elevating arm 27...Guide harness 2
8... Bracket 29... Slide bearing 3
...Vibration wave detection means 31...Sensor section 311...Vibration wave detection sensor 312...Sensor heel 313...Sensor bath 314...Hesode flange 315...Spring 3
16... Cylinder 316a... Piston rod 317... Unisoto base 32... Drive device 321... Cylinder 321a... Piston rod 322... Frame 323... Guide par 324... Guide push 325... Position detection device 4... Impact means 41... Hammer 42... Hammer head 43... Hammer shaft 44... Support shaft 45... Cylinder 46... Connector 461... Pasodo 47・
... Hammer case 4 days ... Support shaft 49 ... Cylinder 5 ... Waveform analysis calculation processing means 50 ... Guide bar 51 ... Waveform analysis section 511 ... Amplifier 512 ... Filter 52 ... ... Sorting standard value setting section 55 ... Comprehensive judgment signal 551 ... Internal defect signal 552 ... Grade signal 6 ... Receiver 61 ... Protrusion 61'a ... Support surface 62
0 ~ 625 ... Display Swissochi 31 32 11th item JP 3 95455 (16)

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) vibration wave detection means for detecting vibration waves of the fruits and vegetables by making the sensor portion correspond to a predetermined detection position of the fruits and vegetables; an impact means that sequentially operates to impact fruits and vegetables when corresponding to the detected position; and sequential waveform analysis of the vibration waves caused by each of the impacts, and calculations for predetermined measurement items related to internal quality from the obtained waveform data. waveform analysis arithmetic processing means for determining the grade of each impact by comparing the obtained values with preset grade classification values, comprehensively determining the respective determination results, and outputting a comprehensive determination signal; An internal quality inspection device for fruit and vegetables. (2) Measure the shape and dimensions of the fruits and vegetables while the fruits and vegetables are placed on the conveying means and transported, and from this measurement result, calculate a detection position for detecting the vibration waves of the fruits and vegetables, and output a detection position signal. The internal quality inspection device for fruits and vegetables according to claim 1, further comprising a detection position calculation means.