JPH0315896B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0315896B2 JPH0315896B2 JP62138352A JP13835287A JPH0315896B2 JP H0315896 B2 JPH0315896 B2 JP H0315896B2 JP 62138352 A JP62138352 A JP 62138352A JP 13835287 A JP13835287 A JP 13835287A JP H0315896 B2 JPH0315896 B2 JP H0315896B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- optical
- eyeballs
- mirrors
- eyes
- eyeball
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 210000001508 eye Anatomy 0.000 claims description 30
- 210000005252 bulbus oculi Anatomy 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000004424 eye movement Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000004439 pupillary reactions Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004382 visual function Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000004438 eyesight Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004886 head movement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002350 accommodative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001179 pupillary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は、頭上搭載型の両眼視機能測定装置に
関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to an overhead-mounted binocular visual function measuring device.
［従来の技術］
人間は両眼を協調して視対象を見ているが、い
わゆる“きき目”といつた現像があり、両眼の物
の見方は等質ではないと考えられている。さら
に、錯視における両眼の役割等、両眼の視機能を
同時に計測することの必要性が広く指摘されてき
たが、現実にはその要請を満足できるものは見当
らない。[Prior Art] Humans use both eyes in coordination to see objects, but there is a development called "sightedness," and it is thought that the way both eyes see things is not equal. Furthermore, although it has been widely pointed out that there is a need to simultaneously measure the visual function of both eyes, such as the role of both eyes in optical illusions, there is currently no method that can satisfy this requirement.
一方、本発明者らは、既提案の特開昭62−8730
号（特願昭60−146227号）や特願昭61−290931号
の発明に基づき、作業中の眼が動いている最中に
も、その調節作用と眼球運動を測定可能とし、さ
らに瞳孔反応をも測定可能とした三次元オプトメ
ータを開発している。 On the other hand, the present inventors
Based on the inventions in Japanese Patent Application No. 60-146227 and Japanese Patent Application No. 61-290931, it is possible to measure the accommodative action and eye movement even while the eyes are moving during work, and furthermore, the pupillary reaction can be measured. We are developing a three-dimensional optometer that can also measure
この三次元オプトメータは、上記のように作業
中の眼の三大機能を同時に測定可能という優れた
特徴を持つている。 This three-dimensional optometer has the excellent feature of being able to simultaneously measure the three major functions of the eye during work, as described above.
しかしながら、被検者の頭部を顎台に固定する
必要があるため、自然な人間の活動中の眼の諸機
能を測定することが困難であるなどの問題があ
り、これを解決するために、小形化してそれを身
体に装着し、人間に負担をかけないで測定可能に
することを目標とし、頭上搭載型の三次元オプト
メータを開発したが、この場合には軽量化のため
に片眼についての計測機能しか持たせることがで
きないという問題があつた。 However, since it is necessary to fix the subject's head to a chin rest, there are problems such as difficulty in measuring various eye functions during natural human activities. developed an overhead-mounted three-dimensional optometer with the goal of making it smaller and attaching it to the body so that measurements can be taken without putting a burden on humans. There was a problem in that it could only have a measurement function for the eyes.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］
本発明は、装置の左右の重さのバランスを取る
ことにより重量感を低減できることに着目し、か
つ重量を可及的に軽量化することを考慮すること
により、上記三次元オプトメータを人体に装着し
た状態で両眼について同時に測定可能にしようと
するものである。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The present invention focuses on the fact that the feeling of weight can be reduced by balancing the left and right weights of the device, and by considering reducing the weight as much as possible. , it is intended to enable simultaneous measurement of both eyes with the three-dimensional optometer attached to the human body.
［課題を解決するための手段］
上記課題を解決するための本発明の両眼視機能
測定装置は、一対のガルバノミラー及び一対の球
面ミラーを有し、眼球の向きに応じて上記ガルバ
ノミラーの傾動を制御することにより、眼球の向
きにかかわらず光源からのビーム状赤外光を常に
視線方向から投射する光学リレー系と、眼球から
の反射光を上記光学リレー系を通して受光し、眼
の調節、眼球運動、瞳孔反応を測定可能にした測
定用光学装置とを備え、これらの光学リレー系と
測定用光学装置とは、それらにおける光学系を取
り出して一体化し、かつ上記球面ミラーの一つを
左右の眼について共通化して、左右の眼について
の光学系を独立に設置し、しかもそれらを左右の
重さのバランスをとつた状態で頭上に装着可能に
形成したことを特徴とするものである。[Means for Solving the Problems] A binocular visual function measuring device of the present invention for solving the above problems has a pair of galvano mirrors and a pair of spherical mirrors, and the galvano mirrors are adjusted according to the direction of the eyeballs. By controlling the tilting, the optical relay system always projects the beam-shaped infrared light from the light source from the line of sight regardless of the orientation of the eyeball, and the reflected light from the eyeball is received through the optical relay system, which adjusts the eye. , a measurement optical device capable of measuring eye movements and pupillary reactions, these optical relay systems and measurement optical devices are constructed by taking out and integrating the optical systems therein, and incorporating one of the above-mentioned spherical mirrors. The device is characterized in that the left and right eyes are made common, the optical systems for the left and right eyes are installed independently, and the weights of the left and right eyes are balanced so that they can be worn on the head. .
［作用］
上記両眼視機能測定装置は、左右両眼について
の小型軽量化した光学リレー系と測定用光学装置
を身体に装着可能にするに際し、光学リレー系に
おける球面ミラーの一つを左右の眼について共通
化し、しかも装置の左右の重さのバランスを取つ
ているため、重量感を大幅に低減でき、その結
果、頭を動かせる自然な形で作業等をしながら、
両眼について同時に眼の調節、眼球運動、瞳孔反
射等を測定することが可能になる。[Function] The binocular visual function measuring device described above uses one of the spherical mirrors in the optical relay system for the left and right eyes to make it possible to attach the small and lightweight optical relay system and measurement optical device for both eyes to the body. Because the eyes are shared and the weight of the left and right sides of the device is balanced, the sense of weight can be significantly reduced.As a result, the user can move his or her head in a natural manner while working, etc.
It becomes possible to measure eye accommodation, eye movement, pupillary reflex, etc. for both eyes simultaneously.
［実施例］
第１図は本発明に係る両眼視機能測定装置の実
施例を示している。この両眼視機能測定装置は、
眼球をその向きにかかわらず常に視線方向から観
察可能にする光学リレー系と、眼の調節、眼球運
動、瞳孔反応を測定可能にした測定用光学装置を
主体として構成され、それらを左右の眼に独立に
設置することにより、両眼の調節、眼球運動、瞳
孔反応を同時に計測可能に構成している。[Example] FIG. 1 shows an example of a binocular visual function measuring device according to the present invention. This binocular visual function measuring device is
It is mainly composed of an optical relay system that allows the eyeball to be observed from the line of sight regardless of its orientation, and a measurement optical device that makes it possible to measure eye accommodation, eye movement, and pupillary reaction. By installing them independently, it is possible to simultaneously measure accommodation, eye movements, and pupillary reactions of both eyes.
また、第２図はその測定用光学装置における光
学要素の配置を示すものである。なお、第２図は
片眼についての構成のみを示しているが、同様の
構成を有する装置の一対が設けられる。 Moreover, FIG. 2 shows the arrangement of optical elements in the measuring optical device. Although FIG. 2 only shows the configuration for one eye, a pair of devices having a similar configuration is provided.
第１図及び第２図に示す光学リレー系及び測定
用光学装置について説明すると、第１図におい
て、１ａ，１ｂは測定対象である被検者の眼球
で、眼球の調節、眼球運動及び瞳孔反応等の測定
を行う測定用光学装置２ａ，２ｂ（第２図）内の
光源４からのビーム状赤外光が、順次、レンズ５
と絞り６を有するた光学系、ビームスプリツタ７
等を経て、第１図のガルバノミラー１０、球面ミ
ラー１１、上記ガルバノミラー１０と共に傾動が
制御されるガルバノミラー１２、上記球面ミラー
１１と相対向する球面ミラー１３、並びに眼球１
の前方に配設されるダイクロイツクミラー１４を
介し、上記眼球１ａ，１ｂに照射される。 To explain the optical relay system and measuring optical device shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, in Fig. 1, 1a and 1b are the subject's eyeballs to be measured, and the eyeball accommodation, eyeball movement, and pupillary reaction. A beam of infrared light from a light source 4 in measurement optical devices 2a, 2b (FIG. 2) that performs measurements such as
and an optical system having an aperture 6 and a beam splitter 7
The galvano mirror 10 shown in FIG. 1, the spherical mirror 11, the galvano mirror 12 whose tilting is controlled together with the galvano mirror 10, the spherical mirror 13 facing the spherical mirror 11, and the eyeball 1
The light is irradiated onto the eyeballs 1a and 1b through a dichroic mirror 14 disposed in front of the eyes.
眼球１ａ，１ｂの前方に配設される上記ダイク
ロイツクミラー１４は、可視光を通過させるが赤
外光を反射させるものである。そのため、光源４
からの赤外光は、上記ガルバノミラー１０，１２
及び球面ミラー１１，１３等からなる光学リレー
系を通して、眼球１ａ，１ｂを照射することにな
るが、それと同時に眼球の実像が測定用光学装置
２ａ，２ｂの前方に作られる。眼球１ａ，１ｂの
前方のダイクロイツクミラー１４を介して透視さ
れるものには、眼球の屈折力等の測定に際して視
標として用いられるものである。 The dichroic mirror 14 disposed in front of the eyeballs 1a, 1b allows visible light to pass through but reflects infrared light. Therefore, light source 4
The infrared light from the galvanometer mirrors 10, 12
The eyeballs 1a and 1b are irradiated through the optical relay system consisting of the spherical mirrors 11 and 13, and at the same time, real images of the eyeballs are created in front of the measuring optical devices 2a and 2b. What is seen through the dichroic mirror 14 in front of the eyeballs 1a and 1b is used as an optotype when measuring the refractive power of the eyeball.
而して、後述するように、ガルバノミラー１
０，１２を眼球の動きに応じて支持軸のまわりに
所定量傾ければ、光学リレー系によつて作られる
眼球の実像を眼球１ａ，１ｂの向きの変化にかか
わらず静止させた状態にすることができ、赤外光
によつて眼球１ａ，１ｂを常に視線方向から照射
することができる。 Therefore, as described later, the galvanometer mirror 1
By tilting the eyeballs 0 and 12 by a predetermined amount around the support axis according to the movement of the eyeballs, the real image of the eyeballs created by the optical relay system remains stationary regardless of changes in the orientation of the eyeballs 1a and 1b. Therefore, the eyeballs 1a and 1b can always be irradiated with infrared light from the line of sight direction.
上記第１図において、被検者の頭頂部に置かれ
る球面ミラー１１は、軽量化のために左右の光学
リレー系において共通化するようにしている。ま
た、この光学リレー系は、頭上搭載型など、身体
に装着して使用できるように形成するため、全体
的にも、可能な範囲内で小型、軽量化される。 In FIG. 1, the spherical mirror 11 placed on the top of the subject's head is shared between the left and right optical relay systems to reduce weight. Moreover, since this optical relay system is formed so that it can be used by being worn on the body, such as an overhead-mounted type, the overall size and weight can be reduced to the extent possible.
次に、第２図に示す測定用光学装置の構成につ
いてさらに具体的に説明する。 Next, the configuration of the measuring optical device shown in FIG. 2 will be explained in more detail.
眼球の調節、眼球運動及び瞳孔反応等の測定を
行う、受光測定装置１６は、眼底からの反射光を
受光して必要な測定を行うもので、その反射光が
前記ビームスプリツタ７から、ミラー１７、前記
絞り６と共に制御されるレンズ１８等を備えた光
学系を介して投射される。 The light receiving measurement device 16, which measures eyeball accommodation, eyeball movement, pupillary reaction, etc., receives reflected light from the fundus of the eye and performs necessary measurements.The reflected light is transmitted from the beam splitter 7 to the mirror. 17, the image is projected through an optical system including a lens 18 controlled together with the aperture 6.
さらに、前記ビームスプリツタ７によつて分割
された光軸上には、TVカメラ１９を配置してい
る。このTVカメラ１９は、眼球の向きを検出し
て、前記ガルバノミラー１０，１２の揺動駆動機
構（図示せず）を制御し、赤外光によつて眼球１
を常に視線方向から照射しながら眼球屈折力の測
定を行うように、ガルバノミラー１０，１２に必
要な傾動を与えるものである。 Furthermore, a TV camera 19 is arranged on the optical axis split by the beam splitter 7. This TV camera 19 detects the direction of the eyeball, controls the rocking drive mechanism (not shown) of the galvano mirrors 10 and 12, and uses infrared light to direct the eyeball to the direction of the eyeball.
The galvanometer mirrors 10 and 12 are given the necessary tilting movement so that the refractive power of the eyeball is measured while always irradiating the eye from the direction of the line of sight.
従つて、ガルバノミラー１０，１２の揺動駆動
機構には、眼球運動の検出回路及び同ミラーの駆
動回路等が接続され、また上記測定用光学装置２
ａ，２ｂには測定データの演算回路等が接続され
る。これらの制御系は全て電気的ケーブルによつ
て頭の動きを規制しない状態で接続される。 Therefore, an eye movement detection circuit and a drive circuit for the mirrors are connected to the swing drive mechanism of the galvano mirrors 10 and 12, and the measurement optical device 2
A calculation circuit for measurement data, etc. is connected to a and 2b. All of these control systems are connected by electrical cables in a manner that does not restrict head movement.
即ち、測定用光学装置２ａ，２ｂは、第２図に
示す光学系のみを取り出して前記光学リーレー系
と一体化し、頭上搭載型に形成される。 That is, the measuring optical devices 2a and 2b are formed into an overhead-mounted type by taking out only the optical system shown in FIG. 2 and integrating it with the optical relay system.
一般に、身体に装着する装置は、その左右の重
さのバランスを取ることにより重量感を低減する
ことができる。上記両眼視機能測定装置では、こ
の点に着目し、左右両眼の測定を行う装置を対称
的に配置することにより装置の重さの左右のバラ
ンスを取り、それにより重量感の低減を図るよう
にしている。 Generally, the weight of a device worn on the body can be reduced by balancing the left and right weights of the device. The above-mentioned binocular vision function measurement device focuses on this point, and by symmetrically arranging the devices that measure both left and right eyes, the weight of the device is balanced between the left and right sides, thereby reducing the feeling of weight. That's what I do.
この重さがまだ問題になる場合には、吊り下げ
装置により上部から装置全体をバランスを取つて
吊り下げることにより、その問題を容易に解決す
ることができる。しかも、歯形をかませる部分を
付加すれば、容易に眼の平行移動による問題をも
解決できる。よつて、多少重くて動きずらい点が
あるとしても、その目的を十分に達成することが
できる。 If this weight is still a problem, the problem can be easily solved by suspending the entire device from above in a balanced manner using a hanging device. Moreover, by adding a tooth-shaped part, problems caused by parallel movement of the eyes can be easily solved. Therefore, even if it is somewhat heavy and difficult to move, it can fully achieve its purpose.
なお、上述した両眼視機能測定装置を頭上に装
着する際には、ダイクロイツクミラー１４を動か
してセツテイングを行うため、そのセツテイング
を可能にするための機構を設けることが必要であ
る。 Note that when the binocular visual function measuring device described above is worn on the head, the dichroic mirror 14 is moved to set it, so it is necessary to provide a mechanism to enable the setting.
上記実施例は小型化を主眼にしたものである
が、さらに眼球運動を高速・高精度に計測するた
めには、特願昭61−290931号に記述した技術的手
段を付加することもできる。 Although the above-described embodiment focuses on miniaturization, the technical means described in Japanese Patent Application No. 61-290931 may be added in order to measure eye movement at high speed and with high precision.
［発明の効果］
このような本発明によれば、装置の左右の重さ
のバランスを取り、かつ重量を可及的に軽量化す
ることにより、両眼視機能測定装置の重量感を低
減し、必要に応じてつり下げ装置を負荷すること
によつて、両眼視機能測定装置を人体に装着した
状態で、従つて、頭を動かすことができる自然な
形で作業しながら、両眼について同時に調節、眼
球運動、瞳孔反応等を測定することができる。[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, the weight of the binocular vision function measuring device can be reduced by balancing the left and right weights of the device and reducing the weight as much as possible. , by loading the hanging device as necessary, with the binocular visual performance measurement device attached to the human body, and thus while working in a natural position that allows head movement, At the same time, accommodation, eye movements, pupillary reactions, etc. can be measured.
第１図は本発明の両眼視機能測定装置の実施例
を示す斜視図、第２図は測定用光学装置の構成図
である。
１ａ，１ｂ……眼球、２ａ，２ｂ……測定用光
学装置、４……光源、７……ビームスプリツタ、
１０，１２……ガルバノミラー、１１，１３……
球面ミラー、１４……ダイクロイツクミラー、１
９……TVカメラ。
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the binocular vision function measuring device of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the measuring optical device. 1a, 1b...eyeball, 2a, 2b...measuring optical device, 4...light source, 7...beam splitter,
10, 12... Galvanometer mirror, 11, 13...
Spherical mirror, 14... Dichroic mirror, 1
9...TV camera.
Claims (1)
を有し、眼球の向きに応じて上記ガルバノミラー
の傾動を制御することにより、眼球の向きにかか
わらず光源からのビーム状赤外光を常に視線方向
から投射する光学リレー系と、眼球からの反射光
を上記光学リレー系を通して受光し、眼の調節、
眼球運動、瞳孔反応を測定可能にした測定用光学
装置とを備え、 これらの光学リレー系と測定用光学装置とは、
それらにおける光学系を取り出して一体化し、か
つ上記球面ミラーの一つを左右の眼について共通
化して、左右の眼についての光学系を独立に設置
し、しかもそれらを左右の重さのバランスをとつ
た状態で頭上に装着可能に形成した、 ことを特徴とする両眼視機能測定装置。[Claims] 1. It has a pair of galvano mirrors and a pair of spherical mirrors, and by controlling the tilting of the galvano mirrors according to the orientation of the eyeballs, beam-like infrared rays from the light source can be generated regardless of the orientation of the eyeballs. An optical relay system that always projects light from the line of sight, and receives reflected light from the eyeball through the optical relay system, and adjusts the eye.
It is equipped with a measurement optical device that can measure eye movements and pupillary reactions, and these optical relay systems and measurement optical devices are
The optical systems in these were taken out and integrated, one of the spherical mirrors was shared between the left and right eyes, the optical systems for the left and right eyes were installed independently, and they were balanced in weight between the left and right eyes. A binocular visual function measuring device characterized by being formed so that it can be worn on the head in a hanging state.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62138352A JPS63302822A (en) | 1987-06-02 | 1987-06-02 | Binocular vision function measuring apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62138352A JPS63302822A (en) | 1987-06-02 | 1987-06-02 | Binocular vision function measuring apparatus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63302822A JPS63302822A (en) | 1988-12-09 |
| JPH0315896B2 true JPH0315896B2 (en) | 1991-03-04 |
Family
ID=15219925
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62138352A Granted JPS63302822A (en) | 1987-06-02 | 1987-06-02 | Binocular vision function measuring apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS63302822A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH082345B2 (en) * | 1989-07-07 | 1996-01-17 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Gaze direction detector |
| GB9207315D0 (en) * | 1992-04-03 | 1992-05-13 | Donaldson William B M | Method and apparatus for ocular motility testing |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4222631Y1 (en) * | 1965-10-14 | 1967-12-22 | ||
| JPS51128191A (en) * | 1975-04-18 | 1976-11-08 | Michael Henry L | Portable apparatus for accurately measuring motion of eyeball under illumination and darkness |
| JPS628730A (en) * | 1985-07-03 | 1987-01-16 | 工業技術院長 | Apparatus for measuring refractive power of eyeball |
| JPS6223569A (en) * | 1985-05-24 | 1987-01-31 | オ−ビタル、エンジン、カンパニ−、プロプライエタリ、リミテツド | Method and device for distributing liquid fuel for internal combustion engine |
-
1987
- 1987-06-02 JP JP62138352A patent/JPS63302822A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4222631Y1 (en) * | 1965-10-14 | 1967-12-22 | ||
| JPS51128191A (en) * | 1975-04-18 | 1976-11-08 | Michael Henry L | Portable apparatus for accurately measuring motion of eyeball under illumination and darkness |
| JPS6223569A (en) * | 1985-05-24 | 1987-01-31 | オ−ビタル、エンジン、カンパニ−、プロプライエタリ、リミテツド | Method and device for distributing liquid fuel for internal combustion engine |
| JPS628730A (en) * | 1985-07-03 | 1987-01-16 | 工業技術院長 | Apparatus for measuring refractive power of eyeball |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS63302822A (en) | 1988-12-09 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |