JPH0291312A - Concrete wall equipped with ecological-environment protecting function - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to form nesting places for river fishes and to manage nests for small animals and protect the river fishes from foreign enemies by forming sufficiently spaced cavity portions inside the wall structure of a bulkhead wall or a defense wall and setting respective parts thereof open on the surface portion side. CONSTITUTION:Sufficiently spaced cavity portions 2 are formed inside the wall structure 1 of a bulkhead wall B-1 to set at least one of parts thereof respectively open on the surface portion side 1a so that river fishes can freely go in and out, and are utilized as nesting places for rest and refuge portions of river fishes etc. These cavity portions 2 are provided at every stage from a lower stage side near the bottom portion of a river of normal water level 1 or less to the highest level IV as predicted in a swollen river. The structure may be available, for which the surface portion 1a is set open with any given paths, or a cavity member with a cavity portion formed inside is implanted into the wall structure 1. It is still applicable to a defense wall at a hilly district or others for protecting small birds and animals.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a concrete wall having an ecological environment protection function, and more specifically, to a concrete wall for preventing river erosion, a river bank wall for preventing river erosion, a sand control wall for preventing sand drift, or a concrete wall for preventing river erosion. In the case of protective walls to prevent mountains from collapsing, rivers in the former are nesting areas in a broad sense, including the sense of resting areas or evacuation areas for river fish, and in mountains in the latter. This invention relates to the improvement of concrete walls that allow nesting of birds and small animals by forming cavities in each wall to protect the ecological environment of both birds and small animals.

[Conventional technology]

−・Number-wise, this type of river revetment wall or sand control wall.

In the case of concrete walls constituting protection walls in mountainous areas, the structure itself has traditionally been based on the purpose and intent of this S.
In other words, prevention of erosion caused by running water of rivers, prevention of quicksand, etc.
In addition, it is common practice and reality that structures are constructed only for very rational and appropriate purposes, such as preventing collapses in mountainous areas.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

Therefore, in conventional concrete walls constructed in this way, for example, when looking at river revetment walls, the construction mode is usually focused on reducing flow path resistance as much as possible. The surface part that comes into direct contact with running water is formed based on a form standard that is completely flat as it is (or has an uneven surface that resembles a pattern at most), and Even sand walls in rivers are formed based on morphological standards that are sufficient to simply dam up quicksand.

Therefore, on the one hand, the concrete wall with this configuration can fulfill its intended role, that is, in this case, to prevent erosion by running water and to prevent quicksand, respectively. On the other hand, in such a structure, the river itself, including the concrete revetment wall, takes on a kind of gutter-like, so-called trough-like shape, which is an extremely important requirement for the survival and reproduction of river fish. In this case, the area that would obstruct the flow of running water, or the shaded resting area or shelter area, is completely eliminated, and as a result, the ecological environment is eroded. Due to their habits, these river fish, etc.
There is a risk that they will not be able to live there, and in this state, for example, even when the river rises and the flowing water becomes a torrent, river fish and other species will be able to avoid the flow, that is, hide in the shadows of the flow. Because the flow speed is slow and there is no suitable shelter for them, they may be washed away, making it increasingly impossible for them to live there, which poses the problem of environmental destruction. Protective walls for prevention etc. are no exception, and similarly, the formation of this protective wall,
Their presence would erode the ecological environment of small birds and throated animals, making it impossible for them to nest.

This invention is an attempt to improve these conventional problems, and its purpose is to prevent river fish from resting in concrete walls such as river revetment walls and sand control walls. Concrete walls serve as nesting sites in a broad sense as shelter areas, and concrete walls such as protection walls in mountainous areas have an ecological environment protection function that enables suitable nesting for birds and small animals. is to provide concrete walls.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the concrete wall with an ecological environment protection function according to the present invention can be used as a river revetment wall or sand control wall constructed by any type, or in a mountainous area. In a concrete wall such as a protection wall, a cavity having a sufficient width is formed inside the wall, and at least a part of the cavity is opened toward the surface of the wall. It is something to do.

In addition, if the concrete wall with the ecological environment protection function according to the present invention is a river revetment wall or sand control wall, it can be used from the lower part of the river bottom, which is below the normal water level, to the highest water level, which is assumed to be the case when the water rises. It is characterized in that a cavity is formed in each selected part toward the upper stage side.

Furthermore, the concrete wall having an ecological environment protection function according to the present invention is characterized in that the cavity formed inside is opened to the surface of the wall by an arbitrary passage, and The device is characterized in that a hollow member having a hollow portion formed therein is embedded in a wall surface portion.

(Function) Therefore, in the concrete wall having an ecological environment protection function according to the present invention, the cavity formed inside the main body and opened to the surface side can be used as a bank wall or a sand control wall in a river. In some cases, it serves as a nesting area in a broad sense, serving as a resting place or evacuation area for river fish, and in the case of a protective wall in a mountainous area, it allows birds and small animals to nest.

In the case of a river revetment wall or sand control wall, cavities are formed in selected parts from the lower part of the river bottom, which is below the normal water level, to the upper part, which is at the highest water level expected when the water rises. By doing so, the resting area of river fish, etc. can be maintained in a natural state that corresponds to the speed of the flow, not only at normal water levels, but also at each successive increase in water level, and even at the highest water level during high water levels. It can be used as a shelter part.

Furthermore, by opening the cavity formed inside to the surface of the wall through an arbitrary passage, the exterior and the cavity are separated, so it is safe from the outside,
Furthermore, a comfortable space can be set up, and when a hollow member with a hollow section formed inside is embedded in the wall surface, the hollow section can be easily formed during concrete pouring.

(Embodiments) Hereinafter, embodiments of the concrete wall having an ecological environment protection function according to the present invention with different configurations will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7.

FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 are schematic cross-sectional views showing the basic structural forms of a revetment wall, sand control wall, and protection wall, respectively, according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

In the first embodiment configuration shown in FIG. 1 as a river revetment wall, symbol (A) is a general river, (B-1) is a concrete wall constructed as a river revetment wall, which is the subject of the invention,
(C) is the bed of the river, (D) is the flowing water flowing through the river, (E
) is the water surface. Furthermore, in the configuration of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2 as a river sand control wall, the symbols (AI), (
A2) is the upstream and downstream sides of a general river, (B-2) is a concrete wall constructed as a sand control wall for the river subject to the invention, (II; +) and (2) are the upstream and downstream sides of the river. Each side river bed, (DI), (D2) is the upstream and downstream running water flowing through the river, (E+).

(E2) is the water surface from the upstream side to the downstream side. Furthermore, in the configuration of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3 as a protection wall in a mountainous area, the symbol (F) is a mountainous area, and (T3) is a concrete wall constructed as a protection wall in a mountainous area, which is the object of the invention. .

Therefore, in each of these concrete walls (B-1) to B-3), in this first embodiment, a cavity (2) having a sufficient width is provided inside each wall (1).
, and at least a portion of the cavity (2) is opened toward the surface (la) of the wall (1). In other words, a concrete wall (B
- In the case of 1), the cavity (2), which serves as a nesting place in a broad sense as a resting area or evacuation area for river fish, is located close to the river bed (C), which is relatively easy for river fish to like. At the same time, all or part of this cavity (2) is opened to the surface part (Ia) side to the extent that river fish etc. can freely enter and exit, and a concrete wall (B-2) is formed to serve as a sand barrier.
), similarly, the cavity (2), which serves as a nesting place in a broad sense as a resting area and evacuation area for river fish, is used on the upstream side of the river (A1) to prevent the intrusion of quicksand and other river fish. On the downstream side of the river (8.), the location is located close to the river bed (C2), where river fish and other species are relatively easy to like. At the same time, all or part of this cavity (2) has a surface area (la) that allows river fish etc. to freely enter and exit.
) side, and in the case of a concrete wall (B-3) that serves as a protective wall, the cavity (2), which allows birds and small animals to nest, is opened on the side that is likely to be attacked by external enemies. This cavity (2
) is opened on the surface part (1a) side to the extent that birds and small animals can freely enter and exit, and the size and shape of the internal volume of these cavities (2),
In addition, the number of installed concrete walls may be arbitrarily selected and set depending on the strength of each concrete wall (T1) to T3), the surrounding natural environment, etc.

As is well known, the formation of each hollow part (1) for each of these concrete walls (B-1) to 8-3) is carried out using the same mold if it can be cut out when assembling the concrete formwork. If the mold cannot be removed by attaching a cavity mold to the inside of the frame, after pouring concrete inside the same mold, attach a cavity mold that can be removed as appropriate, and then pour concrete. , As a result, for example, as shown in FIG. 4(a) and FIG. 5(a), individually independent hollow portions (1) can be obtained, and also as shown in FIG. 4(b) and FIG. As shown in Fig. 5(b), the formation of a hollow member (3) with a hollow part (2) formed therein using an appropriate material can also be performed by pouring the concrete into an S shape after pouring the concrete. This is one way to make it easier. Furthermore, if necessary, as shown in FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b), each cavity (2) to be formed may be cut into an arbitrary passage (
If 4) is opened on the surface portion (1a) side, the surface portion (la) on the outside side and the cavity portion (2) are separated, so it is safe from the outside. Moreover, you can set up a comfortable space.

Therefore, in each cavity (2) configured as described above, there is a concrete wall (B-1) that serves as a revetment wall in the river (A), and a concrete wall (B-1) on the upstream side (A) and downstream side (A) of the river (A). A2
) When applied to a concrete wall (B-2) that serves as a sand barrier between river fish, it forms a nesting area in a broad sense as a resting area or evacuation area for river fish, thereby preserving the ecological environment of these river fish. Similarly, concrete walls (F) can be used as protection walls in mountainous areas (F)
When applied to (3), birds and small animals can nest, and the ecological environment can be easily conserved and protected. ,
As shown in (b), the surface area (la
) side [There are protrusions (2a), (3
a) is made to protrude in an overhang shape, and the other parts are made to be inclined surfaces (2b) and (3b).If it is a hollow part (2) of the revetment wall, the protruding part (2a) is made to be on the upstream side. , the inclined surface (2b) is set as the lower side, and if it is the cavity part (2) of the sand control wall, the protruding part (2a) is set as the upper side and the inclined surface (2
By placing b) on the lower side, it is possible to effectively eliminate the accumulation of flowing sand, gravel, and other impurities. ) is on the upper side and the inclined surface (2b) is on the lower side to avoid direct blowing of rainwater and facilitate its drainage.
It is also possible to effectively eliminate the intrusion of other impurities.

On the other hand, in the concrete wall (B-1) that serves as a revetment wall in the river (A), for example, when the river (A) increases due to rainfall in the upstream area or water discharge from a dam etc., the flowing water (D ) becomes a torrent, even if there is a place for river fish to avoid the flow, that is, a place where they can hide in the shade, in such a case - numerically speaking, the flowing water The strong currents in (C) are rough and dangerous, as they involve stones and other objects as they get closer to the bottom of the river.In addition, these river fish are unable to absorb oxygen underwater without any intervention. ), and tend to gradually move upward along the seawall toward the upper flow side, where the current is gentler and less dangerous.

In order to respond to this trend, this S
The configuration of the example is adopted.

That is, in the configuration of this second embodiment, in the concrete wall (e-t) serving as a revetment wall in the river (A), when the water level increases sequentially from the lower side near the river bottom below the normal water level (I> After each water level (II), ([1), the hollow part (2) in each of the above forms is formed for each stage selected for the upper stage at the highest water level (rt/) part assumed at the time of water increase. By forming this, the inside of the cavity (2) is not only at the normal water level (I), but also at each water level (II) and (nl), which are expected to increase sequentially. ,
In the future, even when the water is at its highest water level (IV) during high water levels, it will be able to be used as a resting area and evacuation area for river fish and the like.

Therefore, in the second embodiment configured as described above, each water level (■) increases sequentially from the lower side of the river bottom below the normal water level (I).

(III), each cavity (2) is formed in each selected stage toward the upper stage at the highest water level (mV) at the time of water increase. However, in a manner that fully takes into account the habits of river fish, etc., it becomes a nest in a broad sense as a resting area or refuge area without being affected by the flow of flowing water (C), and it can be used normally in flowing water (C). Water level (I
) Of course, each water level increases sequentially (■
), (m), and even when the water rises to the maximum water level (rV), each cavity is Part (2) can be fully utilized as a resting area and evacuation area for river fish, etc., and as a result, it is possible to make permanent habitat for river fish and others, and to preserve the ecological environment thereof.

protection can be achieved.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As detailed above, according to the present invention, a concrete wall constructed of any type such as a river revetment wall, sand control wall, or mountain protection wall has a sufficient space inside the wall. Since a cavity is formed and at least a part of this cavity is opened on the surface side of the wall, the cavity opened on the surface side can be used as a revetment wall or erosion control in a river. When applied to a wall, it can form a nest in a broad sense as a resting area or evacuation area for river fish, and there is no fear that these river fish will be washed away. It is possible to conserve and protect the ecological environment of river fish and other species in rivers, allowing them to live permanently, and when applied to protection walls in mountainous areas, this S also protects birds and other species. It facilitates the nesting of small animals, and at the same time, preserves and protects the ecological environment of these types of birds and small animals, making it possible for them to live permanently.

In the case of a river revetment wall or sand control wall, cavities are formed in selected parts from the lower part of the river bottom, which is below the normal water level, to the upper part, which is at the highest water level expected when the water rises. This allows the water to be maintained in a natural state that corresponds to the speed of the flow, not only at normal water levels, but also at each successive increase in water level, and even at the highest water level when the water increases.

It can be used as a resting area or evacuation area for river fish, etc. Furthermore, since the cavity formed inside is opened to the surface of the wall through an arbitrary passage, there is no gap between the outside and the cavity. Therefore, it is possible to create a safe and comfortable space for these river fish, birds, and small animals that use this cavity from invasion by foreign enemies, and also to create a comfortable space inside. When configuring a hollow member with a hollow part formed by embedding it in the wall surface part,
It makes it extremely easy to form a cavity when pouring concrete, and its structure itself is extremely simple and inexpensive because it simply forms a cavity that is inside the main body and opens to the surface. It has excellent features such as being able to provide

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 to 7 show different embodiments of the concrete wall with ecological environment protection function according to the present invention.
FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 are schematic cross-sectional views showing the basic structural forms of a revetment wall, sand control wall, and protection wall, respectively, according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 4(a) ,
(b) to FIG. 6(a). (b) is a cross-sectional view schematically showing several examples of different forms of the hollow portion, and FIG. 7 shows a configuration according to a second embodiment when applied to a river revetment wall. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram. (A)...River, (AI), (A2)...Upstream side of the river. Downstream side, (B-1), (B-2), and (B-
3) Concrete walls as river revetment walls, sand walls, and mountain protection walls, (C) and (CI),
(C2)...River bed, upstream side, downstream side river bed, (
0), and (D+), (D2)...running water, and upstream and downstream running water, (E), and (El),
(E2)...Water surface, and upstream and downstream water surfaces,
(F)... General mountain area. (1) ... Concrete wall, (1a) ...
・・Surface of wall, (2)・・Cavity, (2a)・
...Protrusion on one side of the cavity, (2b)...Slanted surface on the other side of the cavity, (3)...Cavity member, (3a)...
- Projection on one side of the hollow member, (3b)... Sloped surface on the other side of the hollow member, (4)... Passage for opening. Patent applicant Danzu Funakimoto

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) In concrete walls constructed of any type, such as river revetment walls, sand control walls, or mountain protection walls, a cavity with sufficient space is formed inside the wall, and this A concrete wall having an ecological environment protection function, characterized in that at least a part of the cavity is opened to the surface side of the wall. (2) If it is a river revetment wall or sand control wall, hollow parts are formed in selected parts from the lower part of the river bottom, which is below the normal water level, to the upper part, which is at the highest water level expected when the water rises. 2. The concrete wall with ecological environment protection function according to claim 1. (3) By using an arbitrary passage in the cavity formed inside,
Claim 1, characterized in that the opening is formed on the surface of the wall.
Or a concrete wall with the ecological environment protection function described in 2. (4) A concrete wall having an ecological environment protection function according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a hollow member having a hollow portion formed therein is embedded in the surface of the wall.