JPH02244239A - Computer system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To effectively carry out a data processing operation involving a file processing operation and to improve the perfect protection and the operating control of secrecy by introducing a control unit for execution of a data processing operation so-called a virtual stage and making use of this virtual stage. CONSTITUTION:A processor 10 includes a data transfer processing means 15 which converts a virtual address into the real one via the address conversion mechanisms 20 and 30 to have an access to the real address, gives the virtual addresses to be given to the virtual data sets 21 and 31 to the external storages 16 and 17 when these sets 21 and 31 are not included in the real storages 12 and 13, and transfers the sets 21 and 31 from the storages 16 and 17. In such a constitution, a process involving a file processing operation is carried out with high efficiency together with the interchangeability secured with the existing programs. Then a physical volume is turned into a virtual form to eliminate the limitation of capacity. Thus the data volumes are allocated to each user.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a computer system, and particularly to a computer system using multiple virtual memory. This computer system technology can be used for data processing that handles data volumes (file sets) in computer systems that perform data processing. The data volume can be handled independently from the physical volume, and data processing that involves file processing can be efficiently processed.

[Conventional technology]

Most current computer systems employ virtual memory methods. The virtual storage method is a technology for providing a system with a virtual storage device having a larger capacity than the main storage capacity of the main storage device (real storage device) installed in the system. Limitations in main memory capacity reduce the efficiency of program creation and maintenance and the efficiency of system operation. Virtual memory technology is one solution to this problem, and is a logical device (virtual storage device) with a larger capacity than the main storage device.
This improves the usage efficiency of the main storage device.

Even in a virtual storage computer system, the user of the computer system operates the system with awareness of physical volumes. Job control statements (JCL) must be prepared and data security is concerned.

A method is adopted in which data sets that can be used for each user are defined in advance to provide security protection.

Furthermore, in the virtual computer system technology with a similar concept of virtualization, an O8 (operating system) and a data set are prepared for each virtual computer/mechanism on a real computer to execute data processing. Since each virtual machine operates conceptually independently, data security can be easily protected between each virtual machine.

In recent years, virtual memory technology has further developed into a multiple virtual memory system. O8, which is the top of the line in recent large-scale computer systems, mostly employs a multiple virtual memory system and supports a function that allocates virtual memory space to each user's job. In this way, with multiple virtual memory technology,
Because each job is allocated a separate virtual storage space, the space available to the program becomes very large. Also,
Since a separate virtual storage space is allocated to each job to be processed in parallel, there is no limit to the degree of multiplicity of processing in principle. Since the address translation table is created for each virtual storage space, storage protection between each space can be easily performed.

Regarding this kind of multiple virtual memory system, for example, the concept and implementation method of the r3.75 generation O8 ■ "Method for realizing multiple virtual memory and the structure of O8" 9 Nikkei Nikkei Electronics Stack May 1982 issue, No. 153 Pages 161-161.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

By the way, in the above-mentioned virtual storage computer system, there are the following restrictions when performing file processing. That is, (1) when accessing a data set from a program, a job control statement is required to link the program and the data set.

(2) In system operation, in order to allocate a volume to each user, it is necessary to prepare a large number of physical volumes, and it is virtually impossible to allocate a volume to each user.

(3) When file processing is performed using a virtual computer system, O8 and datasets must be prepared for each virtual computer, so there will be many identical datasets in the system, making system operation difficult. resource usage efficiency decreases.

(4) In order to efficiently process arbitrary files, the user of a computer system must operate the computer system with awareness of the physical volume. Therefore, the user must be conscious of complex volume management.

(5) Furthermore, changing the data set name involves changing the job control statement.

As described above, in conventional virtual storage computer systems, handling physical volumes involves complicated processing, and security protection for TSS users, volume setting processing in virtual computer systems, etc. are complicated. The problem is that it has no choice but to be.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems.

The first purpose of the present invention is to virtualize physical volumes to eliminate capacity constraints, and for each user (TSS user, etc.) to
An object of the present invention is to provide a computer system that can allocate data volumes.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a computer system that allows each user to handle a data volume in the same way as a program address space.

The above and other objects and novel features of the present invention will become apparent from the description of this specification and the accompanying drawings.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention.

An external storage device that holds a virtual data set including a data set and an address translation table, a real storage device that holds an address translation table transferred from the external storage device when the virtual data set is opened, and a processing device that includes an address translation mechanism. The processing device converts a virtual address into a real address using an address conversion mechanism for access, and when the virtual data set does not exist in the real storage device, gives the virtual address for the virtual data set to the external storage device. , a computer system including a data transfer processing means for transferring a virtual data set from an external storage device, comprising a main storage device and an extended storage device separate from the main storage device as real storage devices, and an address conversion table. The virtualization of the special storage device to be accessed is to virtualize the real storage device using the virtual storage method using the first address translation table and the address translation mechanism. The extended storage device is used as an extended virtual storage device using a virtual storage method using a second address translation table and an address translation mechanism, and the virtual storage device and the extended virtual storage device are connected by an extended cross memory service to store data. Controls processing.

When performing data processing, multiple virtual storage devices are set up, the virtual storage devices and the virtual data sets are matched, and access between the program and the data set is performed without involving the access processing of the physical device. Control data processing.

Furthermore, by setting multiple extended virtual storage devices and making the extended virtual storage devices correspond to each user, access between programs and data sets is performed without physical device access processing, and data processing is performed. Take control.

(Operation) According to the above means, the computer system stores an external storage device that holds a virtual data set including a data set and an address translation table, and an address translation table transferred from the external storage device when the virtual data set is opened. and a processing unit including an address translation mechanism.

Furthermore, the processing unit uses an address translation mechanism to convert the virtual address into a real address for access, and when the virtual data set does not exist in the real storage device, it gives the virtual address for the virtual data set to the external storage device and transfers it to the external storage device. It is configured to include data transfer processing means for transferring a virtual data set from the device. The real storage device here consists of a main storage device and an extended storage device that is separate from the main storage device, and the real storage device is virtualized using a virtual storage method using an address translation table and an address translation mechanism. . Virtualization of this real storage device is performed on the main storage device, making the main storage device a virtual storage device, and virtualization is also performed on the extended storage device of another device, so that the extended storage device becomes an extended virtual storage device. It shall be a device.

Each of these virtual devices can be expanded and multiplexed (multiple)
At the same time, the extended virtual storage device is further expanded and multiplexed.

That is, in principle, in the computer system of the present invention, a concept of a virtual stage, which is a virtual storage device further expanded, is introduced to a virtualized expanded virtual storage device.

Although virtual storage is expanded from a single virtual storage device to multiple virtual storage devices and then to multiple multiple virtual storage devices, the virtual stage further expands the expanded virtual storage device (multiple virtual data set space). However, as multiple (plural) extended virtual storage devices, each extended virtual storage device is allocated to each user. Then, one extended virtual storage device assigned to each user is set as a virtual stage. Each user can have one (or more than one) virtual stage that is independent of other users, and the virtual dataset space for each user can be handled independently, providing a high level of security. becomes possible.

As a result, in the computer system of the present invention, processing that involves file processing can be efficiently processed while maintaining compatibility with existing programs. Namely.

(1) Data sets can be accessed even without a job control statement.

(2) It becomes possible to allocate a logical volume (virtual stage) independent of a physical volume to each user, improving the completeness of security protection and operational management among each user.

(3) Since physical data sets are mapped onto multiple virtual stages, there will be no duplicate physical data sets, improving resource usage efficiency in system operation.

(4) Logical device name defined in the program (JCL DD
A name defined in a statement (logical data set name) can be defined in a file catalog (virtual data dictionary), and the logical device name and data set name are associated on the catalog. This makes it possible to operate the system without a job control statement (LCL).

As described above, according to the computer system of the present invention, file processing for data sets can be performed efficiently, and the throughput of the system can be significantly improved.

[Example] An example of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. First, the concept of a virtual stage will be explained.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the concept of a virtual stage. In FIG. 1, l is the memory space of the virtual storage device, 2
is the first virtual stage of the expanded virtual storage device, and 3 is the second virtual stage of the expanded virtual storage device. In the memory space 1 of the virtual storage device, an address space is allocated to each user (program A, program B). The address space for each of these users (the space set corresponding to each program) is mapped to the virtual stage of the extended virtual storage device, and as shown in the figure, each independent virtual stage VS
GI, VSG2. FIG. 1 shows the relationship between the address space of each user's program in the virtual storage device and each virtual data set space of each virtual stage.

Further, FIGS. 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, and 2e are explanatory diagrams showing the relationship between the virtual storage device, expanded virtual storage device, and virtual stage, respectively.

FIG. 2a is a diagram showing an example of using a virtual storage device as a single virtual storage device. In this case, 1. A virtual storage device VS, which is a virtualized and expanded main storage device MS, is used as a single address space. This address space is used as a space for storing user programs.

FIG. 2b is a diagram showing an example of multiplexing virtual storage devices and using them as multiple virtual storage devices. In this case, as shown in the figure, each virtual storage device mVS is multiplexed, and the address space of each program is used in association with each virtual storage device vS.

FIG. 2c is a diagram showing an example where the multiple virtual storage device is further expanded and used as a plurality of multiple virtual storage devices.

In this case, as shown in the figure, a plurality of multiplexed virtual storage devices are multiplexed, and each multiplexed virtual storage device (VMI,
Each virtual storage device (VSII, VS12) in VM2)
．． VS13°VS21. VS22. VS23), the address spaces of each program are associated and used. This allows each user to be assigned an independent address space.

FIG. 2d is a diagram showing an example in which extended virtual storage devices are multiplexed and used. In this case, as shown in the figure, as corresponding to the address space of the virtual storage device,
A virtual data set space (■DS space) is set and used. Note that the virtual data set here includes a data set and an address conversion table,
It is read from an external storage device as needed, stored in an extended storage device, and used for data processing.

A virtual data set corresponds to a virtual storage device (logical device) that expands a storage device, and is called a virtual data set. By performing data processing using this virtual data set, data exchange in a program can be controlled. This can be done without input/output operations to the external storage device. Here, as shown in FIG. 2d, the expanded virtual storage bags axvs, which conceptually provide a space for storing virtual data sets, are multiplexed, and each expanded virtual storage device XvS
Each virtual data set space (VDSl, VDS2 .
VDS3) shows an example in which the correspondence is not used properly.

Further, FIG. 2e is a diagram showing an example of a case where a multiplexed extended virtual storage device is further expanded and a plurality of multiplexed extended virtual storage devices are set and used.

In this case, as shown in the figure, the unit in which extended virtual storage devices are multiplexed is defined as a virtual stage, and each virtual stage (■SGI, VSG2 ) for each virtual data set space (VDSll, VDSl2.VDSl3.VDS
21. VDS22. VDS23) are used in association with each other.

As is clear from FIGS. 1 and 2a to 2e,
The virtual stage (VSG) is an extended virtual storage device (XV
This is a further extension of S).

Virtual storage (hereinafter referred to as vS) has expanded from a single virtual storage device to multiple virtual storage devices, and even multiple virtual storage devices! (hereinafter referred to as VM). Corresponding to this, extended virtual storage W (hereinafter referred to as XvS)
XV which is further expanded and multiplexed
S (virtual dataset space) as a virtual stage (hereinafter referred to as
This extension (referred to as VSG) makes it possible to assign each XvS to a user exposure for multiplexed XvS. Then, Xv assigned to each user
S as a VSG, and data processing is controlled as one management unit.This allows each user to have one or more of their own VSGs independent of other users, and each data set can be managed independently by each user, enabling a high degree of security.

FIG. 3 shows a virtual storage device I and an expanded virtual storage device in a computer system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing correspondence relationships between physical volumes and physical volumes. As mentioned above, the VSG is a logical device. Therefore, it is independent from the physical device I (external storage device; magnetic disk device or magnetic tape device I). Therefore, it is possible to arbitrarily set a correspondence relationship between a physical device and a logical device.

For example, a configuration such as (physical device):(logical device)=1:n or (physical device):(logical device)=n:1 is possible. This 1:n configuration is effective in improving resource utilization efficiency under a plurality of multiple virtual storage devices (VMs). For example, as shown in Figure 3, the VM
If the same data set C is required in I and VM2, then
Same data set C on SG (VSGl, VSG2)
Expand. However, in this case, only one data set C needs to be set in the physical volume. For example, if it is used as a virtual data set, data in an address translation table indicating the correspondence may be set. , n:1 can also be used for double writing on a disc. For example, data set Y on the VSG physically exists on two physical volumes.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the components of the virtual stage. With reference to FIG. 4, the data sets that are the constituent elements of the VSG will be explained. VSG is a logical conceptual structure. Therefore, a physical volume, a logical data set (hereinafter referred to as LDSN), and a virtual data set (hereinafter referred to as VDS) can be used as the data set of the component of the VSG. It is also possible to include one regular data set. As shown in Figure 4, for example, if there is a VDS or normal data set (A, B, C, D, E) on physical volume 4, the VSD space is set correspondingly and the VSG It can be a component of Also, data sets A, B, and C for each VDS space in xvss.

D and E continue to be the constituent elements of VSG as they are.

Furthermore, the LDSN6 is a subset of the datasets existing on the VSG, and can become a component of the VSG depending on the table data that instructs the correspondence between them. In this case, each LDSN is a unit that can be handled by the user, and the logical device name (DD name, etc. defined in a job control statement)
Or it can be accessed by dataset name. Also,
When accessing by logical device name, a job control statement (hereinafter referred to as JCL) is not required.

Next, a computer system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the hardware configuration of a computer system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fifth
In the figure, 10 is a central processing unit (CPU), 12 is a main memory (MS), and 13 is an extended storage device (XMS).
, 14a and 14b are instruction processors (IP), and 15 is a virtual channel device! (VC8), 1B is a magnetic disk device (DK), 17 is a magnetic tape device (
MT), 18 is a virtual disk device (VDK), 19 is a virtual magnetic tape device (VMT), the central processing unit 1110 stores programs in the main storage device 12, and the extended storage device 13 stores data sets. Then, data processing is performed by the instruction processors 14a and 14b. The data set processed by the central processing unit 10 may be stored in the magnetic disk device 16 . Magnetic tape device 17.
Virtual disk device 18. It is transferred and stored in an external storage device such as a virtual magnetic tape device i19 via the virtual channel device f15. In addition, the data set from the external storage device is transferred via the virtual channel device 15 to the central processing bag [10
This virtual channel device 115 is transferred to and stored in the main storage device 12 (deployable conventional I10 interface), or transferred and stored in the extended storage device 13 (virtual I10 interface; extended channel mechanism). It is an expanded channel device. Note that here, the virtual magnetic tape device 119. of the external storage device. The virtual disk device 18 has the same position as the normal magnetic tape device 17 and the magnetic disk device 16 in terms of the concept of the system configuration, but in the computer system of this example, the expansion storage device 3 This is achieved using a virtual memory method using .

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a computer system in which a logical perspective based on a virtual storage method is added to the computer system of FIG. 5. This is a block diagram of a system configuration from a logical perspective in which the address space is enlarged using a virtual memory method. In FIG. 6, 10 is a central processing unit, 12 is a main storage device, 13 is an expanded storage device, 15 is a virtual channel device, 16 is a magnetic disk device, 17 is a magnetic tape device, 1
8 is a virtual disk device, and 19 is a virtual magnetic tape device. Each of these is the same element as described in FIG.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a computer system, which represents a processing device from a logical perspective. 20 is a dynamic address translation mechanism (DAT) that converts virtual addresses into real addresses; 21 is a virtual storage device (VS) having a large address space by the dynamic address translation mechanism 20; 30 is an extended dynamic address translation mechanism (XDAT) that converts an extended virtual address into an extended real address; 31 is an extended virtual storage device (XDAT) that has a large address space by the extended dynamic address translation mechanism 30;
40 is the Extended Dual Address Space Facility (XVS).
DAS), and 41 is an extended cross memory service (X
CMS).

XDAS40 has MS12 page and XMS13
This is a mechanism for moving data between pages, and the software from a logical perspective corresponding to this mechanism is X0MS41.
It is. X0MS41 is the VDS space of XVS31 and V
The CPU 10 that moves data between the program spaces (address spaces) in S21 is equipped with an instruction processor (IP) that processes data and executes programs. Not shown here.

The VC 815 controls transfer between the XMS 13 and the VDK 18 or VMT 19 in which the virtual data set VDS, which is the entity of the virtual data set space on the XVS 31, is actually stored. In addition, the VC515 receives an access request using a virtual address from the CPU10 (instruction processor), accesses the virtual data set VDS, and
Furthermore, in order to maintain compatibility, the VC815 has a normal interface that transfers normal data sets in the magnetic disk device 16 or magnetic tape device 17 to the main storage device 12. I
It also has 10 interface functions.

The extended storage device 13 is a storage device in which selected pages of the virtual data set VDS are stored, and is not used for executing instructions.
202O48, etc.) can be set up. This space is provided by an expanded virtual storage device! ! (XVS) 31. XVS31 is a virtual storage device that stores virtual data set VDS, and
When opened, a virtual space is opened on the XVS31. This virtual space is the VDS space. Once the VDS space is established on the XVS 31, data can be exchanged with the VDS space on the XVS 31 using a move command from the address space program on the VS 21.

As shown in FIG. 6, the XCMS 41 communicates this address space and the VDS space.

The VDS space established on the XVS31 is multiplexed and expanded. In order to make multiple VDS spaces available for each user, in the computer system 11 of the processing device from a logical perspective, a virtual stage VSG is used as a unit in which the virtual data set VDS on the XVS 31 is set.
31a and 31b are provided. This virtual stage VSG
31a and 31b are logically X as shown in FIG.
It is an extension of VS31 and is compatible with multiple XMS.

Therefore, in the computer system of this example, an extended storage system [(XMS) is used as hardware for realizing the virtual stages VSGs 31a and 31b.

Extended Dual Address Space Scheme (X, DAS), Extended DAT
(XDAT) and a virtual channel device (VDS) (FIG. 5), and the virtual data set VDS is provided as a data set. Further, as software, an extended cross memory service (XCMS), an extended virtual storage device (xvS), and a virtual data dictionary (VDD) for managing each VDS are provided.

In other words, XvS is a logical device that provides VDS space for storing VDS, and when VDS is opened, XM
A VDS space is opened on S.

Thereafter, it becomes possible for a program (a program existing in the address space of the vS) to interact with data in the VDS space by, for example, a move command.

When a page fault occurs in VDS space, V
Read the page from the DS. This page read operation is performed by the VC815. The VC 815 converts the virtual address in the VDS space where the page fault has occurred into a real address (CCHHR) of the VDS, and transfers it to the XMS. Therefore, the vC8 can make an I10 request using the same virtual address. The XDAT 30 maps pages on XMS to VDS space. In the CPU 10, the XDAS 40 has a main memory (MS) and an extended storage (
Moves data to and from XMS). Also, a logical processor! 11, XCMS41 is the program and V
A virtual magnetic disk device (VDK) 18 is a magnetic disk device 16 with a virtual data set VDS that moves data in the DS space, and a magnetic tape device 17
A virtual magnetic tape device (VMT) is a virtual magnetic tape device (VMT) in which a virtual data set VDS is placed.

VC815 is VDK18. It has a virtual channel interface that accesses the virtual data set VDS in VMT19. The virtual channel interface includes channel program generation firmware that generates channel commands (CCW), XMS access firmware that manages empty pages on XMS, and PTV access firmware that updates the VDS page table (PTV).

Furthermore, it is provided with a cache command generation unit that generates a CCW that is generated in response to a user's request (virtual address request) and another CCW.

Since the VDS exists in the VDK 18 or VMT 19, when a page fault occurs when a program executes data processing, paging processing is performed and the data is stored in the extended storage device (XMS) 13. Actually, data is transferred by a virtual channel device (VDS) 15 and stored in the XMS 13. Note that normal data sets exist in magnetic disk devices or magnetic tape devices.

Due to the functionality of the normal channel device, data transfer will be performed through the normal ■/○ channel interface.

FIG. 7 is a diagram explaining the operation of the virtual channel device.

Extended storage II performed by virtual channel system [(VDS)! (
The unit of mapping processing to XMS) is page units. Further, FIG. 7 shows the correspondence among XMS, XvS, and VDS. The correspondence between XMS and XvS is shown in a VDS page table (PTV) 70. That is, PTV70 shows the correspondence of pages between real memory and virtual memory, and specifically shows the correspondence of pages of XMS13 and Xv331. The XVS 31 is a virtual memory, and the pages of the XVS 31 and VDS (virtual data set) 32 are set in a one-to-one correspondence with each other. Each slot of the VDS 32 corresponds to one page. Therefore, no external page table is required to map the VDSs in the VDS space.

Next, with reference to FIG. 7, the operation of the mapping process will be explained step by step.

■First, when a page fault occurs in the VDS space on XMS, an I10 request is issued from CPU10, and the virtual channel device is activated
tart 5ub-CHannel) is applied.

This I10 request is made using a virtual address (RB Ai (V): relative byte address) on the VDS space. Note that in this case, there is no need to create a channel program.

(2) When the VC 315 receives the I10 request, the VC 815 uses the VDS-IO channel program generation unit to generate a channel program for accessing RBAi (V) of the VDS in response to the request, and accesses the VDS.

■Next, the XMS access firmware of VC815 is
Search for an empty page on the XMS 13 and store the corresponding page accessed from the VDS in the XMS.

■Next, the PTV access firmware of VC815 transfers the address of the page of the stored XMS to the PTV
(page table).

In this way, the VC 815 performs an access operation to the VDS, performs processing for storing in the XMS, and performs paging processing when a page fault occurs in the XVS. For this reason, I10, which was previously done using software,
CCW creation processing at the time of request, CCW address conversion processing,
Page fixing processing of data access buffers becomes unnecessary. Further, the I10 request from the program to the VDS may be a request for a virtual address. Therefore, it becomes possible to make the physical device independent from the software.

The VC 815 also includes a cache command generator. The cache command generation unit creates a CCW for VDS access separately from ■/○ requests from the program. This makes it possible to double-write a VDS or copy a VDS to another VDS.

By the way, data movement between the address space on the MS and the VDS space on the XMS is performed by the XCMS.

This data movement is between the MS and the XMS on the CPU10, and is performed via the XDAS. This operation will be explained next.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the operation of moving data between the address space on the MS and the VDS space on the XMS. This will be explained with reference to FIG.

In CPU10, XDAS40 has a segment table (
ST) A control register that holds the start address of 12a (
CR) 40a is provided. Further, an extended control register (XCR) 40b that holds the start address of a virtual page table (PTV) 13a for mapping VDS space is provided as a register separate from this register.

In order to specify a VDS space larger than the program address space, the XCR 40b is configured with a bit width that can hold a larger value than the CR 40a. XDAS40 is
The start address of ST is set in CR40a, and at the same time, the start address of PTV is set in XCR40b. By setting these simultaneous addresses, the corresponding addresses of the address space on the MS and the VDS space on the XMS are simultaneously set, and the correspondence relationship between them is indicated. The DAT 20 converts a virtual address in the address space of a program to a real address on the MS, and the XDAT 30 has an address translation mechanism that converts a virtual address in the VDS space of a virtual data set to a real address on the XMS. DAT2
0 and XDAT30 address translation mechanism, XD
The AS 40 simultaneously specifies the real address on the MS and the real address on the XMS. As a result, virtual addresses are converted to real addresses, correspondence is established between physical memories, and data is moved between each space.

Next, from the VDS space of XVS31, VS2117)'7
DAT20 performs processing operations for data movement between address spaces.
This will be explained together with the address conversion operation of the XDAT30. These address conversion operations are basically the same as the address conversion operations using the well-known virtual memory method using segment tables and page tables.

The movement source and movement destination virtual addresses given by the program are set in the operand field of the instruction register 10a. These movement source and movement destination virtual addresses are stored in register 30b and register 2, respectively.
Set to 0b, and XDAT30 and DAT20 perform address translation. The virtual address of this operand field is address-qualified using well-known index registers and pace registers as necessary.

DAT20 first adds the address set in CR40a (the first address of ST) and the segment number 11 all of the virtual address of the destination VS, and then
2a to find the start address ii b''' of PT 0 Next, add the found start address #l, 11 of PT12b and the page number "c" of the virtual address of the destination vS, and get the real address "d" from PT12b. Determine lj and set it in register 20a.

In addition, XDAT30 uses the address set in XCR40b (starting address of PTV) and the source XvS.
Add the PTV number 1′α” of the virtual address above,
The real address "'β" is obtained from the PTV 13a and set in the register 30a.

And CPU10 is DAT20 and XDAT30
Page data is moved based on the two real addresses obtained. From a logical perspective, this is page movement between the address space and the VDS space.

Software that supports such data movement between the S address space and the XvS VDS space is the extended cross memory service XCMS.

That is, the DAT 20 stores the segment table (ST) 12a and page table (ST) 12a located on the MS 12.
These 5T12a and PT12b, which perform address translation with reference to PT) 12b, are placed on 1MS by the operating system (OS). XMS
VDS page table (PTV) 1 located in 13
3a is included in VDS.

This is different from being loaded and placed in the XMS 13 when the VDS is opened.

The CR 40a in the XDAS 40 stores segment table start addresses that differ for each address space of the VS program. The value of this address and the “aI” of the upper bits (segment address field) of the virtual address
I, "al" of the specific segment table 12a
The starting address "b" of the page table of the entry having a displacement of l is read out. Next, for the page table 12b indicated by this address 11bI+.

The address "d" (real address) of the entry having the displacement indicated by "cll" of the virtual address (page address field) of the movement destination is read.

This is combined with the byte address (relative address within the page), and the real address is set in the register 20a. Access to the MS is made using this real address. This allows the program to access vS as is,
A virtual storage system is realized in which the processing can proceed, and in which the real storage MS is actually accessed and the program is executed by the CPU. To access XvS, which is the virtual memory dedicated to the virtual data set in this example, the address of the data to be accessed generated during program execution is set in the register 30b from the instruction register 10a. Similarly to the virtual address set in the register 20b, the virtual address set from the instruction register 10a to the register 30b may be indirectly specified by an index register, a pace register, etc. Whether the corresponding operand address is set in register 20b or register 30b is controlled by the contents of operation code OP.

The extended control register (XCR) 40b of the XDAS 40 stores the start address of the VDS page table (PTV) 13a that the program wants to access.

The upper part "α" of the virtual address is read from the register 30b, and the address "β" of the entry with a displacement of α" from the start address of the PTV 13a is read out.
" is read and set in the register 30a. This sets the real address combined with the byte address in the register 30a. This address accesses the XMS in the real memory. XDAT30
Address conversion uses only the page table (PTV), but this can also be done as a two-stage table consisting of a segment table and a page table, similar to the address conversion of the DAT20 on the address space side of the program. good.

By performing an operation like this, instruction register 1
If the operation code 0a indicates a MOVE command, the contents of the XMS page indicated by register 30a will be
Data is moved to the MS page indicated by register 20a.

This enables data movement between the program address space on the VS21 and the VDS space on the XVS31. This data movement is actually between VS12 and XMS1.
This is done by moving data between 3 and 3. Due to this data movement operation, data can be obtained by processing to access a virtual data set (VDS) without controlling access to a magnetic disk device. Processing can be performed without having to prepare it in the program. Also.

Data can be obtained quickly.

By the way, normal datasets (VSAM, SAM, P
Although it has already been mentioned that AM, etc.) are replaced by VDS, normal page data sets (data sets on auxiliary storage for address space paging mechanism: EP
S) can also be replaced by VDS.

The external page table (XPTE), which is the EPS management table for the address space on the MS, is normally
It points to S, but this is the PTV for VDS management.
It would be better to point to As a result, EPS
can also be handled as a unified VDS, and the interface for all data sets can be a virtual channel interface.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of processing when a page data set is a virtual data set. In Figure 9, VS
Page γ on 21 has been paged in on VS12, but page table PT of page δ indicates invalidity, indicating that it has not been paged in on VS12. In such a state, when requesting data for page δ.

Page data will be read from the page data set (EPS) and paged in. In this case 1
Normally, the external page table (XPTE) 90 points to the page data set (EPS) 91 (dashed arrow), so the page is entered from the EPS 91 to the VS 12. However, in order to make the page data set a virtual data set, the pointer of the XPTE 90 is set to point to the entry of the PTV 70 of the corresponding page of the XS31 that holds the page δ. As a result, when data of page δ is requested or a page fault occurs in the program address space on VS21, the data can be directly brought from the VDS space on XVS31. This also means that the size of the MS is freed from the virtual address limit. This makes it possible to replace the page data set (EPS) with XVS31 as VDS. By replacing EPS with XvS, all datasets can be converted to VDS.
XVS interface (virtual channel interface)
You can move data with .

Next, the data format of VDS will be explained.

Figures 10a and 10b each show a keyed VD
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the data format of S and keyless VDS.
As shown in the figure, the VDS data format includes VDS/K
There are SDS (keyed VDS) and VDS/ESDS (keyless VDS). ■D S/ K S D 53
2a is an indexed data set, and the conventional V
Corresponds to SAM/KSDS. Contains the key of the record in the data section. However, the page table (
PTV) is stored. Also, VDS/ESDS3
2b corresponds to conventional VSAM/ESDS. This data set also includes a page table (PTV). In both cases, V is a type of address translation table.
Contains the DS page table (PTV). Such a VDS can be handled by a user as a SAM, PAM, or VSAM interface by supporting a virtual channel interface.

Next, cache commands in the VCS will be explained. Among the functions of VC315 is a cache command function. Although the outline has been described above, this is a function performed mainly by the cache command generation section in the VCS.

The vC8 itself has a channel program generation section. The channel program generation unit generates channel program commands (original commands) in response to user requests.

At this time, the cache command generation unit further generates another channel command (cache command). The commands generated at this time are called cache commands.

By performing access processing by combining the cache command generated here and the original command, it becomes possible to perform file double write processing and file copy processing without CPU overhead. Processing of such channels is performed by firmware.

For example, when a program issues a data movement command for input or output to VDS space (in the case of input, only when a page fault occurs in VDS space),
The VCS generates the original command to make an I10 request to the VDS, and also sends the I10 request for the same page to another VDS.
Generate a cache command for S. In this case, the PTV for VDS is shared. This results in
File double write processing and file copy processing can be performed with a single instruction.

Table 1 shows examples of combinations and uses of such cache commands and original commands. In addition, examples of commands for VOS access are divided into VDK and VMT,
Shown in Table 2.

As described above, the computer system of this example can handle all data sets as virtual data sets (V D S ). Each virtual data set (VDS)
Virtual Data Dictionary (VDD) for managing
will be explained in the first order.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of the structure of a VDD. 1st
In FIG. 1, the VDD structure is a hierarchical data structure, but it is also possible to have a network structure or a storage structure. It is also possible to have other types of data structures. In the structure of the VDD shown in FIG. 11, one box is a record. System record 51 includes multiple virtual storage devices (VMs)
It corresponds to That is, when a plurality of VMs are provided, one system record is provided for each VM. Therefore, in a single system that is not a VM, only one system record 51 is provided. For example, it is possible to allocate one virtual stage record 52 to each TSS user. One VSG corresponds to each virtual stage record (vSG record) 52.
will exist. For users for whom no user ID is set, for example, center user (VSG for center)
Assign the VSG as a record). This center user application example corresponds to the current batch user using the center volume.

However, in a computer system using VSG, the user does not need to be aware of the volume.

Therefore, this VSG can also be viewed as a virtual volume or a logical volume. The physical volume is invisible to the user.

A logical data set record 53 is provided at a lower level of the virtual stage record 52. The logical data set record (LDSN record) 53 contains definition information (of the data set (VDS or normal data set)).
2-item definition of record length, access method, etc.) are provided.

Each LDSN record 53 corresponds to one LDSN. LDSN is the logical device name (
For example, it matches the DD name defined in JCL).

therefore.

Data sets can be accessed even without JCL. Moreover, it is possible to have a plurality of LDSN records 53 for one data set, and it is also possible to have a plurality of data sets for one LDSN record. Such an application implies the concatenation of each data set.

The LDSN is the access unit from the program. A data set area 53a in the data set record 53 stores a data set name of a VDS or normal data set. The cache command area 53b is available only when the data set is VDS, and is an area specified when performing VDS double write processing or copy processing using a cache command. The non-shared area 53c stores a flag indicating whether the data set is a shared data set (a data set that can be shared with other users) or a non-shared data set (a data set that cannot be shared with other users). Further, the 06 classification area 53d stores a flag indicating whether the data set is an original data set or a copy data set. The copy data set here means a data set copied from the original data set. Physical datasets exist only in original datasets. Therefore, deletion of the physical data set is performed only when the original data set is deleted. This division is also only available for VDS.

The allocated volume record is composed of two records: a physical volume record 54 allocated to the VSG and a replacement volume record 55 which is a replacement physical volume (cache command volume). The allocated volume is a volume that is allocated when a data set is allocated and when no volume is specified. The record of the designated volume also consists of two records: a physical volume record 56 and a replacement volume record 57 of the physical volume for replacement. Used when allocating to (when allocated with volume specified). These assigned volume and designated volume records indicate the physical location of the physical volume of the data set. It should be noted that a VDD data set consisting of such records can also be a VDS, and here it is constituted by a VDS.

Next, an example of configuring a virtual stage in the computer system of this embodiment will be described.

FIGS. 12a and 12b are diagrams illustrating an example of the configuration of the VSG. Figure 12a shows the structure of the data set, and Figure 12b shows the corresponding VDD structure.

The system configuration example in this case is a single system configuration that is not a VM, and is an example where there are two users (user 1 and user 2). In this case, as shown,
Assign V and SG to each user,
These will be referred to as VSGI and VSG2. This system includes
Three physical volumes Ps-Px and P3 are provided. All of the data sets are VDS, and the data set names are A, B, C, D, E, and X, respectively. Also, logical data set (LDSN)
consists of four datasets (LDSNl, LDSNyu, L
DSN3. LDSN4).

The configuration of each LDSN is LDSN=(A.

D), LDSNa=(X), LDSN,=(B), LD
The data set name SN4=(D) is original for user 1, but for user 1. Shared by user 2. The one for user 2 is the one copied from the original.

This copy does not copy the actual data of the physical volume, but the virtual data dictionary (
Copying is completed by registering the entry in VDD), and the data can be treated in the same way as if it had been copied. Such copy processing is called virtual copy (VCPY), that is, a copy data set is obtained by the vcpy processing.

In addition, LDSN□ has two data sets (A.

D), which appears to be one logical data set, but physically consists of two data sets. Shows that the datasets are linked. Note that on the VDD, two data sets correspond to l LDSNs (FIG. 11).

There is only one data set A on vSGl, but two data sets exist on the physical volume. This indicates duplication of data sets.

The replacement data set (cache data set) is
A data set accessed by a cache command. Therefore, it is also referred to as a cache data set here. There is only one I10 request from the user.

For example, if user 1 wants to access data set X, he can access it by specifying the logical data set name LDSN2 ([) D name, etc.) or the data set name X. JCL is not required when accessing with LDSN2, and JC is required when accessing with X.
L is required.

Next, when the VSG configured as described above is used for data processing, it is necessary to change its structure by applying it to the application, and a processing example in this case will be described. VSG
This is also a modification of the configuration. First, a processing example for increasing the area of a data set will be described.

FIGS. 13a and 13b are diagrams illustrating changes in the configuration of the VSG when the area of the data set increases. FIG. 13a shows the structure of the main part of the data set, and FIG. 13b shows the structure of the main part of the corresponding VDD. As shown in the figure, before the area of dataset X increases,
A data set with data set name X existed in physical volume P, but due to an increase in the area of the data set, the area of data set X was also increased in physical volume P. As a result, the record of the physical volume P is added to the record of the designated volume of the corresponding VDD.

Next, a modification example in which the same data set is included in a plurality of logical data sets will be described.

FIGS. 14a and 14b are diagrams illustrating an example of a modification to a configuration in which the same data set is included in a plurality of logical data sets. FIG. 14a shows the structure of the main part of the data set, and FIG. 14b shows the structure of the main part of the corresponding VDD. This means that one data set X
multiple logical data sets (LDSN,, LDSN,)
This structure is suitable for installing. This structure is effective when data is shared by multiple programs and different logical device names (LDSNs) are defined in the multiple programs. For example, in program 1, L
Assume that the DSN is defined as 5YSOOI. It is also assumed that in program 2, LDSN is defined as 5YSO20. In such a case, if the data set used in each program is X, Figures 14a and 14
The structure is as shown in Figure b. If such a structure is not used, for example, the JCL DD definition statement: //5
YSOOI DD DSN=X//5YSO2
Must be distinguished by 0DD DSN=X,
Inevitably, JCL is required. However, when using the VSG structure, as shown in FIG.
020), the data set can be accessed without JCL.

Next, an example of use in multiple virtual storage devices (VMs) will be described.

FIGS. 15a and 15b are diagrams illustrating an example of use in multiple virtual storage devices. FIG. 15a shows the structure of the main part of the data set, and FIG. 15b shows the structure of the main part of the corresponding VDD.
This is an example where M2 exists. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 15b.

Sl and 82 are provided in the VDD as system records. Then, in order to commonly use dataset X, V
Set the SG record, LSDN record, etc. An example of such a system configuration is suitable for application to, for example, an OS data set required for IPL.

By configuring a system using VDD in this way, the concept of system design when including data set backup processing becomes clear1.For example, vSG
If the system performs backup processing in units, the backup will be performed in units of user management, and the backup processing method will be such that the system configuration is such that all data sets (not LDSN) under the VSG record are backed up. . This allows the user to take backups without being aware of the physical volume.

Further, in a system that performs backup processing in units of physical volumes, it is suitable for a system in which a center administrator performs buffer backup. This is used for exchanging physical volumes, etc. Such a backup method is possible by viewing VDDs in units of physical volumes.

FIGS. 16 and 17 are diagrams illustrating an example of the structure of a VDD configured when performing backup processing. The structure of a VDD in units of VSG and the structure in units of physical volumes are shown, respectively. The structure of the VDD as shown in Fig. 16 has a physical volume located below the VSG and is a normal structure, but the 17th
The structure of the VDD as shown in the figure has a physical volume located above the VSG, and has an inverted structure.

By the way, vSG is multiplexed XVS. Further, a feature of XvS is that data resides on the XVS, and data exchange with a program involves data movement between the XVS and the vS. This eliminates the need for CCW address conversion, page fixation in the IO area, and programming techniques for reading into separate pages. Furthermore, it is possible to easily respond to increases in memory capacity and lower prices due to advances in hardware, and it is possible to significantly improve system response and throughput. A feature of VCS is that the O8 itself can be made independent of hardware devices.

Furthermore, by using the VC8 cache command, file double writing processing and file copying processing can be performed without CPU overhead. VMT allows magnetic tape to be spooled, and it also allows for the spooling of magnetic tape, as well as cartridge tape and digital audio records (DAT).
) can be supported without changing O8.

The main points of the computer system of this embodiment described above can be summarized as follows.

That is, (1) VDS makes data sets resident on a virtual storage device, and data can be moved by a program and a move command.

(2) XMS is a collection of VDS spaces and is provided separately from VS, which is a collection of address spaces. This makes it possible to separate programs and data in space.

■VSG further expands XVS and provides XVS for each user.
This provides a high level of security and separation from physical volumes.

■The physical storage area for XMS is XMS, which is provided separately from the MS, which is the physical storage area for vS.

This makes it possible to separate programs and data even on physical devices.

(2) In XMS, instructions are not executed by the CPU. Therefore, it is possible to have a large capacity that does not depend on the size of the program register.

■XDAT maps the physical address of XMS to the logical address of XVS. Therefore, it can always be viewed logically from the program.

(2) The VC8 internally includes a VDS access CCW generation section, a cache command generation section, XMS access firmware, and PTV access firmware. For this reason,
This eliminates the need for the program to create a CCW, fix pages for the I10 buffer, and convert addresses, reducing the load on the I10 supervisor.

CCW creation work from the program is eliminated. Therefore, the device can be made independent from the software.

■XDAS is a mechanism that combines XMS and MS and allows the CPU to access both at the same time.

Thereby, the capacity of the MS can be substantially freed from the limitation of the program register length.

- By using cache commands, it is possible to perform file duplication processing and file copying processing without CPU overhead.

[Phase] The VMT can be used for backing up the VDS of the VDK, and also enables spooling of magnetic tape devices.

Although the present invention has been specifically described above based on Examples, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned Examples and can be modified in various ways without departing from the gist thereof.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, in a computer system with an extended virtual storage method, by further introducing a management unit of control when performing data processing called a virtual stage, and using this virtual stage, Data processing that involves file processing can be performed efficiently. This makes it possible to allocate a virtual stage to each user, improving security integrity and operational management. (2) Duplicate data sets are required on the VM, but there is no need to have duplicate data sets on the physical volume. ■When accessing a dataset from a program, JCL is not required, so the user does not need to be aware of the physical volume, and ■The size of the virtual stage is independent of the size of the physical volume.■
It becomes possible to operate without worrying about volume. ■Independence from physical devices can be made clear, making it easier to manage data sets.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram explaining the concept of a virtual stage, Fig. 2a, Fig. 2b, Fig. 2C, Fig. 2d, and Fig. 2
Fig. e is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between a virtual storage device, an expanded virtual storage device, and a virtual stage, respectively. Fig. 3 shows a virtual storage device and an expanded virtual storage device in a computer system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram explaining the components of the virtual stage; FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the hardware configuration of a computer system according to an embodiment of the present invention. 6 is a block diagram of a computer system in which a logical perspective based on a virtual memory method is added to the computer system of FIG. 5. FIG. 7 is a diagram explaining the operation of the virtual channel device, and FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an operation of moving data between an address space on an MS and a VDS space on an XVS. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of processing when a page data set is a virtual data set. Figure 10a and Figure ↓ob are respectively keyed VDs.
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of the structure of VDD, FIG. 12a and FIG. 12b are diagrams explaining an example of the configuration of VSG, FIG. 13a and FIG. Figure 13b is a diagram illustrating changes in the vSG configuration when the data set area increases, and Figures 14a and 14b are diagrams illustrating a modification to a configuration in which the same data set is included in multiple logical data sets. Figures 15a and 15b are diagrams illustrating an example of use in a multiple virtual storage device. Figures 16 and 17 are examples of the structure of a VDD configured when performing backup processing. This is a diagram. In the figure, 1... memory space of virtual storage device, 2, 3...
- Virtual stage, 4... Physical volume, 5... Extended virtual storage device (XVS), 6... Logical data set, 10... Central processing unit (CPU), 11... Computer system, 12 ...Main memory bag! [(MS),
13...Extended storage device (XMS), 14a, 14b-
・-Instruction processor (IP) 15...Virtual channel device (VC8), 16...Magnetic disk device (DK)
, 17...Magnetic tape device (MT), 18...Virtual disk device (VDK), 19...Virtual magnetic tape device (VMT), 20...Dynamic address translation mechanism (D
AT), 21--Virtual storage device (VS)
, 30...Extended dynamic address translation mechanism (XDAT
), 31... extended virtual storage device (XVS), 31a,
31b...Virtual stage (VSG), 40...Extended dual address space mechanism (XDAS), 41...Extended cross memory service (XCMS), 7O-VDS page tape JL/(PTV). Memory 1gJ

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An external storage device that holds a virtual data set including a data set and an address translation table, and a real storage device that holds an address translation table transferred from the external storage device when the virtual data set is opened. , a processing device including an address translation mechanism, and the processing device uses the address translation mechanism to convert a virtual address into a real address and access it, and when the virtual data set does not exist in the real storage device, the virtual data set is In a computer system including a data transfer processing means that assigns an address to an external storage device and transfers a virtual data set from the external storage device, the real storage devices include a main storage device and an extended storage device separate from the main storage device. What is claimed is: 1. A computer system comprising a device for virtualizing a real storage device using a virtual storage method using an address translation table and an address translation mechanism. 2. The computer system according to claim 1, wherein the main storage device is a virtual storage device using a virtual storage method using a first address translation table and an address translation mechanism, and a virtual storage method using a second address translation table and an address translation mechanism. A computer system characterized in that the extended storage device is an extended virtual storage device, and the virtual storage device and the extended virtual storage device are connected by an extended cross memory service to control data processing. 3. When performing data processing, set up multiple virtual storage devices, match virtual storage devices and virtual datasets, and access between programs and datasets without having to access the physical device. 3. The computer system according to claim 1, wherein the computer system performs data processing and controls data processing. 4.Furthermore, set up multiple extended virtual storage devices, match the extended virtual storage devices to each user, and access between programs and datasets without physical device access processing. The computer system according to claim 3, wherein the computer system performs control. 5. Connected to the processing device and the external storage device, and storing predetermined data from the external storage device in the real storage device in response to a data request using a virtual address from the processing device;
2. The computer system according to claim 1, further comprising a virtual channel device that updates an address translation table on a real storage device. 6. The real storage device includes a main storage device that holds the first address translation table and an extended storage device of another device that holds the second address translation table, and the address translation mechanism is configured to perform the first address translation table. A first address conversion means converts a virtual address into a real address of the main storage device using a table, and a second address conversion means converts a virtual address into a real address of the extended storage device using a second address conversion table.
The processing device includes processing means for storing the address translation table transferred from the external storage device in the extended storage device as a second address translation table when the virtual data set is opened. 2. The computer system according to claim 1, further comprising a computer system. 7. The first address translation means includes an external table that points to the second address translation table, and accesses the expanded storage device according to the points of the external table when the requested data does not exist in the main storage device. 6. The computer system according to 6. 8. The processing device is equipped with an extended dual address space mechanism that connects the extended storage device and the main storage device, and controls data processing from the main storage device using a virtual storage method using the first address conversion means. The device is a virtual storage device, the extended storage device is an expanded virtual storage device using a virtual storage method using a second address conversion means, and the expanded virtual storage device and the virtual storage device are connected by an expanded cross memory service. The computer system according to claim 1, characterized in that: