JPH0221563B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0221563B2 JPH0221563B2 JP58027288A JP2728883A JPH0221563B2 JP H0221563 B2 JPH0221563 B2 JP H0221563B2 JP 58027288 A JP58027288 A JP 58027288A JP 2728883 A JP2728883 A JP 2728883A JP H0221563 B2 JPH0221563 B2 JP H0221563B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- waveguide
- fiber
- waveguides
- waveguide fiber
- coupling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910005793 GeO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
- G02B6/2821—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using lateral coupling between contiguous fibres to split or combine optical signals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
- G02B2006/2865—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers couplers of the 3x3 type
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
発明の背景と目的
従来、光フアイバ状の光分岐・結合器、すなわ
ち光フアイバと同じ材料で同じ形状に作り、それ
自体で光分岐・結合器の機能を持つものは実現し
ていない。[Detailed Description of the Invention] Background and Objectives of the Invention Conventionally, optical fiber-like optical branching/coupling devices, that is, those made of the same material and the same shape as optical fibers, and having the function of an optical branching/coupling device by themselves, have been used. Not realized.
フアイバとの整合性の点から考えると、光分
岐・結合器はフアイバの形をしていることが最も
望ましいことである。本発明は、その理想を実現
することのできる光分岐・結合フアイバの提供を
目的とするものである。 From the point of view of compatibility with the fiber, it is most desirable that the optical splitter/combiner be in the form of a fiber. The present invention aims to provide an optical branching/coupling fiber that can realize this ideal.
発明の構成とその説明
本発明の光分岐・結合器は（第１〜３図参照）、
(1) ２導波路フアイバ１０と３導波路フアイバ２
０とからなり、２導波路フアイバ１０は結合を
起こさない間隔を保つて配置した２本の導波路
１１，１２を持つものであり、また３導波路フ
アイバ２０は、２導波路フアイバ１０内におけ
る導波路１１，１２と同じ位置に配置した２本
の導波路２１，２２と、その間に前記導波路２
１，２２との間に結合可能に配置した導波路２
３の合計３本を持つものであること、
(2) 前記３導波路フアイバ２０の両側にそれぞれ
２導波路フアイバ１０Ａ，１０Ｂが接合してい
ること、
を特徴とする。Structure and Description of the Invention The optical branching/coupling device of the present invention (see Figs. 1 to 3) includes: (1) a two-waveguide fiber 10 and a three-waveguide fiber 2;
0, the two-waveguide fiber 10 has two waveguides 11 and 12 arranged at a distance that does not cause coupling, and the three-waveguide fiber 20 has two waveguides 11 and 12 arranged at a distance that does not cause coupling. Two waveguides 21 and 22 are arranged at the same position as the waveguides 11 and 12, and the waveguide 2 is placed between them.
Waveguide 2 arranged so as to be able to couple between Waveguide 1 and 22.
(2) Two waveguide fibers 10A and 10B are bonded to both sides of the three waveguide fiber 20, respectively.
「第１図」は２導波路フアイバ１０を模型的に
示したものである。単一モード光フアイバのコア
を２本にしたものとほぼ同じで、外径はたとえば
125μｍ。１１，１２はコアに相当する導波路で、
たとえばSiO2−GeO2からなり、各直径はたとえ
ば5μｍ。これらは互いに結合を起こさない程度
の間隔（たとえば20μｍ）を置いて配置してあ
る。１４はクラツドで、たとえばSiO2からなる。 "FIG. 1" schematically shows a two-waveguide fiber 10. It is almost the same as a single mode optical fiber with two cores, and the outer diameter is, for example,
125μm. 11 and 12 are waveguides corresponding to the core,
For example, it is made of SiO 2 -GeO 2 and each diameter is, for example, 5 μm. These are spaced apart from each other (for example, 20 μm) to avoid coupling with each other. 14 is a cladding made of, for example, SiO 2 .
「第２図」は３導波路フアイバ２０を模型的に
示したものである。その外径はたとえば２導波路
フアイバに等しい。また材質も２導波路フアイバ
１０と同じである。導波路２１，２２は、２導波
路フアイバ１０内における導波路１１，１２と同
じ位置（たとえば20μｍ間隔）にあり、それらの
たとえば丁度中間にさらにもう１本の導波路２３
があつて合計３本になつている。だから各導波路
の間隔は２導波路フアイバ１０の場合の半分であ
つて（たとえば10μｍ）、各導波路間では光の結
合が起きるようになつている。 “FIG. 2” schematically shows a three-waveguide fiber 20. Its outer diameter is equal to, for example, a two-waveguide fiber. Moreover, the material is also the same as that of the two-waveguide fiber 10. The waveguides 21 and 22 are located at the same position (eg, 20 μm apart) as the waveguides 11 and 12 in the two-waveguide fiber 10, and another waveguide 23 is located, for example, exactly in the middle thereof.
There are three in total. Therefore, the spacing between each waveguide is half that of the two-waveguide fiber 10 (for example, 10 μm), so that optical coupling occurs between each waveguide.
この３導波路フアイバ２０の両側に、「第３図」
のようにそれぞれ２導波路フアイバ１０Ａ，１０
Ｂをたとえば熱溶着し一体化して光分岐・結合器
を構成する。なお、２導波路フアイバ１０の長さ
は100mm、３導波路フアイバ２０の長さは50mmく
らいである。 On both sides of this three-waveguide fiber 20, "Fig. 3"
2 waveguide fibers 10A, 10 respectively as in
For example, B is thermally welded and integrated to form an optical branching/coupling device. Note that the length of the two-waveguide fiber 10 is about 100 mm, and the length of the three-waveguide fiber 20 is about 50 mm.
この第３図の光分岐・結合フアイバの、フアイ
バ１０Ａの導波路１１に光（信号）が入射する
と、フアイバ２０の導波路２３を介して導波路２
２に分岐し、フアイバ１０Ｂの導波路１１と１２
の両方から出射する。 When light (signal) enters the waveguide 11 of the fiber 10A of the optical branching/coupling fiber shown in FIG.
waveguides 11 and 12 of fiber 10B.
It emits from both.
またフアイバ１０Ａの導波路１１と１２の両方
に光を入射すると、フアイバ２０の導波路２３を
介して結合し、フアイバ１０Ｂの導波路１１と１
２から出射する。 Furthermore, when light is incident on both the waveguides 11 and 12 of the fiber 10A, it is coupled via the waveguide 23 of the fiber 20, and the light is coupled to the waveguides 11 and 12 of the fiber 10B.
It emits from 2.
上記の場合、結合の度合は各導波路１１の定数
（太さ、比屈折差など）、間隔、長さによつて決ま
る。 In the above case, the degree of coupling is determined by the constants (thickness, relative refraction difference, etc.), spacing, and length of each waveguide 11.
なお、上記の「第２、第３図」の場合とも２導
波路フアイバ１０と３導波路フアイバ２０との直
径が等しい場合を示したが、これらはかならずし
も等しくなくてもよい。また３導波路フアイバ２
０内において導波路２３が導波路２１と２２との
丁度中間にあたる場合を示したが、２３が２１，
２２のそれぞれと結合可能であれば、丁度中間で
なく、どちらかの側に多少ずれていてもよい。 Incidentally, in both the cases of "Figs. 2 and 3" described above, the diameters of the two-waveguide fiber 10 and the three-waveguide fiber 20 are equal, but these do not necessarily have to be equal. In addition, 3 waveguide fibers 2
0, the waveguide 23 is located exactly between the waveguides 21 and 22, but 23 is 21,
As long as it can be combined with each of 22, it may not be exactly in the middle, but may be slightly shifted to either side.
また２導波路フアイバ１０と３導波路フアイバ
２０との間は熱溶着によつて接合するほか、突合
わせる場合などもある。 Further, the two-waveguide fiber 10 and the three-waveguide fiber 20 may be joined by thermal welding or may be butted together.
実施例
まず２導波路フアイバ１０を次のようにして作
つた。すなわち「第４図」に示す３０はMCVD
法（またはVAD法）で作つた単一モード光フア
イバのプリフオームで、直径は４mm、３２はコア
材で、SiO2−GeO2からなり、直径は２mm、３４
はクラツド材でSiO2からなる。４０は石英ロツ
ドで、プリフオーム３０と同径である。Example First, a two-waveguide fiber 10 was made as follows. In other words, 30 shown in "Figure 4" is MCVD
This is a single mode optical fiber preform made by the VAD method (or VAD method), 4 mm in diameter, 32 is the core material, made of SiO 2 - GeO 2 , 2 mm in diameter, 34
is a clad material made of SiO 2 . 40 is a quartz rod having the same diameter as the preform 30.
それらを「第４図」のように配置して、「第５
図」のように、内径14.5mm、外径51mmの石英管５
０内に入れ、加熱、溶融、細粒化して２導波路フ
アイバ１０を作つた。その断面と屈折率分布を
「第６図」に示す。Ｄ＝125μｍ、ａ＝5μｍ、d1＝
20μｍ、△Ｎ＝0.6％である。 Arrange them as shown in "Figure 4" and
As shown in the figure, the quartz tube 5 has an inner diameter of 14.5 mm and an outer diameter of 51 mm.
A two-waveguide fiber 10 was produced by heating, melting, and refining the fiber. Its cross section and refractive index distribution are shown in "Figure 6". D=125 μm, a=5 μm, d 1 =
20 μm, ΔN=0.6%.
また３導波路フアイバ２０は、上記と同じプリ
フオーム３０を３本使いそれに４本の石英ロツド
を加えて「第７図」のように束ね、あとは上記同
様にして作つた。 Further, the three-waveguide fiber 20 was made by using the same three preforms 30 as above, adding four quartz rods to them, and bundling them together as shown in "Fig. 7", and the rest was made in the same manner as above.
その断面と屈折率分布を「第８図」に示した。
d0＝10μｍで、その他は第６図の場合と同じであ
る。 Its cross section and refractive index distribution are shown in "Figure 8".
d 0 =10 μm, and the rest is the same as in FIG. 6.
それから、３導波路フアイバ２０の長さを50mm
とし、その両側に２導波路フアイバ１０Ａ，１０
Ｂを熱溶着して光分岐・結合器を構成した（第９
図）。そしてその両側に、コア６２の偏心する単
一モード光フアイバ６０をそれぞれ熱溶着し、波
長1.15μｍの光によつて測定した結果、挿入損は
1dB、結合率は2dBであつた。 Then, the length of the 3-waveguide fiber 20 is 50 mm.
2 waveguide fibers 10A, 10 on both sides.
B was thermally welded to form an optical branch/coupler (No. 9
figure). Then, single mode optical fibers 60 with eccentric cores 62 were thermally welded to both sides, and the insertion loss was measured using light with a wavelength of 1.15 μm.
1 dB, and the coupling rate was 2 dB.
発明の効果
(1) 光フアイバと同じ形状であるから光フアイバ
との整合性がよい。Effects of the invention (1) Since it has the same shape as the optical fiber, it has good compatibility with the optical fiber.
(2) 光フアイバの製造技術を使つて作ることがで
き、エツチングや研摩などの加工の必要もな
い。(2) It can be manufactured using optical fiber manufacturing technology and does not require processing such as etching or polishing.
図面は本発明の実施例に関するもので、第１図
は２導波路フアイバ１０の模式図、第２図な３導
波路フアイバ２０の模式図、第３図は全体の模式
図、第４図と第５図は２導波路フアイバ１０の製
造工程を順に示した説明図、第６図は２導波路フ
アイバ１０の断面と屈折率分布図、第７図は３導
波路フアイバ２０の製造方法の説明図、第８図は
３導波路フアイバ２０の断面と屈折率分布図、第
９図は性能試験実施の説明図。
１０，１０Ａ，１０Ｂ：２導波路フアイバ、１
１，１２：導波路、２０：３導波路フアイバ、２
１，２２，２３：導波路。
The drawings relate to embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a two-waveguide fiber 10, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-waveguide fiber 20, FIG. 3 is an overall schematic diagram, and FIG. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram sequentially showing the manufacturing process of the two-waveguide fiber 10, FIG. 6 is a cross section and refractive index distribution diagram of the two-waveguide fiber 10, and FIG. 7 is an explanation of the manufacturing method of the three-waveguide fiber 20. 8 is a cross-sectional view and a refractive index distribution diagram of the three-waveguide fiber 20, and FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of performance test implementation. 10, 10A, 10B: 2 waveguide fibers, 1
1, 12: waveguide, 20: 3 waveguide fiber, 2
1, 22, 23: waveguide.
Claims (1)
の導波路を有する２導波路フアイバと、前記２導
波路フアイバ内における導波路の位置と同じ位置
に配置した２本の導波路およびその間に前記２導
波路との間に結合可能に配置した導波路からなる
３本の導波路を有する３導波路フアイバとからな
り、かつ前記３導波路フアイバの両側にそれぞれ
２導波路フアイバが接合していること、を特徴と
する光分岐・結合フアイバ。1. A two-waveguide fiber having two waveguides arranged at a distance that does not cause coupling, two waveguides arranged at the same position as the waveguide in the two waveguide fibers, and the above-mentioned waveguide between them. A three-waveguide fiber having three waveguides arranged so as to be able to couple between two waveguides, and two waveguide fibers are joined to each side of the three waveguide fibers. An optical branching/coupling fiber characterized by the following.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58027288A JPS59154419A (en) | 1983-02-21 | 1983-02-21 | Optical branching and coupling fiber |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58027288A JPS59154419A (en) | 1983-02-21 | 1983-02-21 | Optical branching and coupling fiber |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59154419A JPS59154419A (en) | 1984-09-03 |
| JPH0221563B2 true JPH0221563B2 (en) | 1990-05-15 |
Family
ID=12216885
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58027288A Granted JPS59154419A (en) | 1983-02-21 | 1983-02-21 | Optical branching and coupling fiber |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59154419A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6128907A (en) * | 1984-07-19 | 1986-02-08 | Showa Electric Wire & Cable Co Ltd | Optical demultiplexer and its manufacture |
| US5411696A (en) | 1990-12-27 | 1995-05-02 | Tokai Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Process of making a panel unit |
| JP3142039B2 (en) * | 1993-12-24 | 2001-03-07 | 東海興業株式会社 | Glass panel with frame |
-
1983
- 1983-02-21 JP JP58027288A patent/JPS59154419A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS59154419A (en) | 1984-09-03 |
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