JPH02163816A - Information recording method and information recording medium - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To control a defective sector by dividing the logic volumes into the partitions suited to the substitute process of the defective selector and using a secondary substitute area to perform the secondary substitute process for the defective sector which became unreplaceable within a partition. CONSTITUTION:The logic volumes (a), (b) and (d) having the optional capacity are divided into the partitions having the capacity suited to the substitute process of a defective selector and the primary substitute process is carried out for each partition despite a fact that those volumes (a) - (d) are formed within an information recording medium. Then a secondary substitute area is used to carry out the secondary substitute process of the defective sector which became unreplaceable within the partition. Thus it is possible to limit the capacity of a substitute control table to reduce the rewriting frequency of the table itself. Then an information recording medium which has the limited practical rewriting frequency and the unrewritable characteristics can perform the substitute control of the defective sector having the reduced capacity overhead.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an information recording medium for recording and reproducing information in units of sectors, and an information recording method applied to a recording and reproducing apparatus using this information recording medium.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Conventional recording and reproducing devices using information recording media such as magnetic disks and Fronbi disks use Microsoft's MS-DO5, known as general-purpose O3 for 16-bit personal computers, to process defective sectors. File management including . In MS-DO3, in addition to the directory area for recording file management information and the data area for recording file entities within the information recording medium, there is also a file allocation area for managing the usage status of data areas divided into clusters. −Siran table (
A FATjfJl area is formed in which FAT) is recorded.

In addition, each FAT entry (FAT entry) has a one-to-one correspondence with each cluster, and manages the use/unuse of clusters and the connection status of multiple clusters used for file recording, as well as detecting defects within the cluster. If a sector is included, the defective sector is managed by recording an identification flag in the FAT entry corresponding to this cluster. In such FAT entries, an unused flag is recorded in a FAT entry corresponding to a cluster that does not include a defective sector during formant operation, and a defect identification flag is recorded in a FAT entry that corresponds to a cluster that includes a defective sector. Initialization is performed by this. Further, in the registration operation of a new file, the necessary number of FAT entries in which unused flags are recorded are sequentially searched from the beginning of the FAT corresponding to the file size.

At this time, the FAT entry in which the defect identification flag is recorded is skipped, so the defective sector is not used to record a new file, and after the file entity is recorded in an unused cluster, a new cluster is created. FAT rewritten to represent the connection state between
is updated and recorded.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, when the information recording medium has a material characteristic that makes it impossible to write, such as a write-once optical disk, it is not possible to update the recorded contents of FAT within the same area, so FAT is used. Defective sector management using conventional file management techniques is not applicable.

Furthermore, even if the information recording medium has rewritable material characteristics such as a rewritable optical disk, there is a possibility that the number of defective sectors will increase rapidly after the number of rewrites exceeds a certain value. The FATfii area, which is rewritten every time with an update operation, has a high possibility of defective sectors occurring due to the significant increase in the number of rewrites.However, there is no alternative to defective sectors that occur within the FAT area, and FATiI There is a high possibility that both FATs double-recorded within the area will become unreproducible due to the occurrence of defective sectors.

Therefore, defective sector management using conventional file management techniques using FAT is not applicable to rewritable optical discs.

In view of the above, the present invention provides an information recording method that enables defective sector management in a recording and reproducing apparatus using an information recording medium that has non-rewritable material properties and a practical limit on the number of rewrites. An object of the present invention is to provide an information recording medium characterized by having a data structure to which an information recording method can be applied.

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention has a large number of tracks formed concentrically or spirally on a disk, the tracks are divided into a plurality of sub-disks in the radial direction of the disk, and each of the sub-disks is ] - A rack has a subdisk structure in which the same number of sectors are formed and the number of sectors formed within a track increases from the inner circumference to the outer subdisk, and information is recorded and reproduced in sector units. In an information recording medium, one volume management area and one or more logical volumes are formed, and a volume management block that collectively holds the management information of the logical volume is recorded in the volume management area to manage the logical volume. One partition management area is formed in the information storage medium, one or more partitions are formed in each logical volume, and a verticine management block that collectively holds management information for the subdisk structure and partition configuration is used as a partition. A means for managing a partition by recording in a management area, a data area for recording user data in the partition, a primary replacement area for recording replacement sectors for replacing defective sectors, and a correspondence relationship between defective sectors and replacement sectors. A means for alternatively managing defective sectors detected from a data area in a partition by forming a table area for recording an alternative management table held collectively, and forming one secondary alternative area in an information recording medium. The entire information recording medium can be set to a one-dimensional logical address by using the means of collectively recording alternative recording of all defective sectors that cannot be replaced within the partition, and the management information of the subdisk structure contained in the partition management block. This information recording method is characterized by comprising means for managing the information as a space and controlling recording and reproducing operations on a sector-by-sector basis.

The present invention has a large number of tracks formed concentrically or spirally on a disk, the tracks are divided into a plurality of sub-disks in the radial direction of the disk, and each track in the sub-disk has the same number of sectors. It has a sub-disk structure in which the number of sectors formed within a track increases from the inner circumference to the outer sub-disk, and in an information recording medium where information is recorded and reproduced in sector units, user data is A user area in which is recorded, a primary alternative area in which alternative sectors to replace defective sectors detected in the user area are recorded, and an alternative management table that maintains the correspondence between defective sectors and alternative sectors are recorded. A partition consisting of a table area, a partition management area in which a participant management block that collectively holds management information of the subdisk structure and partition configuration is recorded, and a logical volume consisting of one or more partitions; A volume management SJl area where volume management blocks that collectively hold management information for each logical volume are recorded, and a secondary alternate area where all defective sectors that cannot be replaced within a partition are collectively recorded as an alternative. This is an information recording medium characterized by the following:

Effect The present invention forms one volume management area and one or more logical volumes in an information recording medium, and records a volume management block that collectively holds management information of the logical volumes in the volume management area. An information recording medium is divided into several logical volumes and managed.

In addition, one partition management area and one or more partitions are formed in each logical volume in the information recording medium, and a partition management block that collectively holds management information of the partition configuration is recorded in the partition management area. By doing this, the logical volume is divided into several partitions having the capacity to pass defective sector management, and defective sector management is performed using the partition as a basic unit.

Then, by forming a data area, an alternative head area, and a table area within the partition, defective sectors detected within the data head area are alternatively recorded using unused alternative sectors within the alternative area. By recording the updated replacement management table in the table area, primary replacement processing for the detected defective sector is executed within the partition.

Furthermore, by forming the secondary replacement area, all defective sectors that cannot be replaced inside the partition are recorded and updated using unused replacement sectors in the secondary replacement area. By recording the replacement management table in the table area, secondary replacement processing is performed for defective sectors that overflow within the partition.

In addition, information is recorded by converting the physical address space of the subdisk structure expressed by a stepped two-dimensional space into a logical address space expressed in one dimension using the management information of the subdisk structure recorded in the partition management block. It manages the entire medium and controls recording and playback operations in sector units.

Embodiment An embodiment of the information recording method of the present invention and an information recording medium to which the information recording method is applied will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is an external view of a disk-shaped information recording medium using the information recording method of the present invention. In FIG. 2, tracks within the data recording area where data is recorded and reproduced are divided into a plurality of subdisks in the radial direction. In the figure, the sub disk (+
) and only subdisc (1+1) are described. All tracks included in subdisk fi) are sector SO
The data is divided into (n+1) sectors from sector Sn to sector Sn. On the other hand, the adjacent sub-disk (i+1
) is divided into n sectors from sector SO to sector 5n-1.6 As stated above, the information recording method of the present invention is capable of recording information that is formed on each track in the sub-disk. MCA V (Modif
ied ConstantAngular Veloc
ity) formant disk.

Further, FIG. 3 shows the correspondence between logical addresses and physical addresses in such an MCAV format disk. In this figure, as an example, 18,000 tracks constituting the data recording area are divided into 12 subdisks.

Then, on the outermost sub-disk 1, each track is SO.
It is divided into 31 sectors from 330 to 330, and as you go to the innermost subdisk, the number of sectors formed on the track decreases by one, and on the innermost subdisk 12, each track becomes SO It is divided into 20 sectors from 319 to 319.

In this way, in the MCAV format, the number of sectors per track differs for each subdisk, so the physical address space using physical track addresses and physical sector addresses is a stepped two-dimensional space as shown in Figure 3. It is expressed as In the information recording method of the present invention, area management is performed by converting such an irregular address space into a one-dimensional logical address space as shown in FIG. Logical addresses 30 are assigned from logical address O to 530 from SO of physical track address -0), and then logical addresses are assigned in ascending order starting from the inner track. Then, on the innermost track (physical track address -17,999), logical address 44 is used for SO to 330, respectively.
Assign logical addresses 440,999 from 0,980. In this way, within the data recording area, the logical address 0
By allocating logical addresses 440,999 from , a logical address space expressed in − dimensions is formed.

Next, FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the area configuration of an information recording medium in an embodiment in which the information recording method of the present invention is applied. In FIG. 1, the data record i! is expressed as a one-dimensional logical address space. Multiple logical volumes are formed within the user M area allocated within the area, and file management is performed for each logical volume.For example, in MS-DO5, where the maximum capacity of a logical volume is limited to 32MB. When a device with a capacity of several hundred MB, such as an optical disk device, is driven using a general-purpose O5, such file division management becomes necessary. Then, a volume management area is formed in which a volume management block that collectively holds management information of each created logical volume is recorded.

In addition, alternative management methods for defective sectors in logical volumes include auto mode, in which the disk controller automatically performs alternative management of defective sectors according to its internal processing procedures, and O3 and application engine programs. There are two types of host modes in which the host computer itself performs alternative management of defective sectors according to a specified specific processing procedure, and these alternative management methods are set for each logical volume. One or more partitions having a capacity suitable for alternative management of defective sectors by the disk controller are formed in the logical volume set to auto mode. This partition is the basic unit that performs defective sector replacement processing, and contains a data area where user data is recorded, a primary replacement area where replacement sectors are recorded, and a correspondence relationship between defective sectors and replacement sectors. A table wI area is created in which alternative management tables that are held collectively are recorded.a When a 1m physical volume is divided into multiple physical partitions, the data area of each physical partition is continuous within the information recording medium. For example, when the capacity of the data area is limited to 32 MB or less due to the size of the alternative management table or the capacity of the alternative area, 20 MB is specified as the capacity of the data area in Figure 1. Logical volume a consists of only partition a. Also, logical volume b, for which 50MB is specified as the data area capacity, contains 125MB of data. J.M.
A partition b and a partition C are formed. As shown in FIG. 1, the data area of partition B and the data area C of partition C are
By arranging them continuously, a continuous data area is formed within logical volume b. Also, table 6
The capacity of 1M and the primary replacement area iI area is common to all partitions in which the auto mode is set, and is given in accordance with the maximum capacity of the data area allocated within the partition and the defective sector rate.

On the other hand, in the logical volume d in which the host mode is set as an alternative management method in FIG. 1, a partition d having only the data area d is formed, and the capacity of the data area is not limited.

Further, a partition management area is formed in which a partition management block that collectively holds management information of each partition thus formed is recorded.

Furthermore, as an alternative management method, if a certain number or more defective sectors are detected in the data area or primary alternative area of a partition set to auto mode, and replacement processing within the partition becomes impossible, overflowing defective sectors will be A secondary alternative area for secondary alternative recording is formed. When an overflowing defective sector is detected, alternative recording is performed in the secondary alternative area using unused alternative sectors in order from one end of the area.

In general, FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the volume management block. At the beginning of the volume management block, management information about the entire information recording medium is recorded, such as the volume management area, user area, and unused area (for example, the logical address and capacity of the first sector, the number of registered logical volumes, etc.) In addition, each volume entry following the header has a management identifier with a flag indicating the usage status 71! (used/unused) of the volume entry itself, a flag identifying an alternative management method for defective sectors, and a corresponding logical The volume name of the volume and the management information of the data N area (
For example, the logical address and capacity of the first sector are recorded. Note that when logical volume B is divided into multiple partitions, the data area allocated within it and the data area C are regarded as one continuous data area, and the start address (of the first sector of the data area (same as the logical address) is registered in the volume entry.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of the partition management block.

At the beginning of the partition management block, a header holding physical formant information related to the MCAV format and logical format information related to the partition configuration is recorded as management information regarding the entire information recording medium.

This includes the amount and management information of each subdisk (for example, the logical address of the first sector and the total number of sectors). The logical format information also includes management information for the partition management area and secondary alternative area (for example, the logical address of the first sector and the secondary alternative sector that is unused within the area and should be used next, and This includes the number of partitions registered (alternative area capacity) and the number of registered partitions. In addition, each partition entry following the hengoo contains the usage information I! of the partition entry itself as the management information of the corresponding partition. (used/unused), a management identifier with a flag that identifies an alternative management method for defective sectors, management information for the data area, table area, and next alternative area (for example, the logical address and capacity of the first sector). recorded.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the alternative management table. At the beginning of the 0 alternative management table, the number of registered table entries is recorded as a header. In addition, each table entry following the header ladder contains the usage letter M4 (use/
A management flag that distinguishes areas (unused) and areas to which alternative sectors are allocated (-second alternative area/secondary alternative area), and logical addresses of alternative sectors and defective sectors are recorded.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of an optical disk control device using the information recording method of the present invention. In FIG. 7, a main control circuit 1 is a circuit that controls the entire optical disc control device 2 according to a control procedure stored therein, and is realized using a microprocessor or the like. Keynote again? (2) The circuit 1 is connected to a host interface circuit 4, a transfer data buffer 5, a management data puffer 6, an error detection and correction circuit 7, and a recording/reproduction control circuit 8 via a path line 3, and is also connected to a drive interface 9.
Drive commands and drive sense data are exchanged with the optical disk drive 0 via the optical disk drive. The transfer data buffer 5 holds recording/playback data transferred to and from the host computer 12. The management data buffer 6 also holds partition management blocks and alternative management tables that the main control circuit l uses as disk management information.Next, the host interface circuit 4 communicates with the host computer 12 via the host interface 11. It is connected to transmit and receive control information such as device commands and sense data to and from the main control n circuit I, and also transfers recording/reproduction data to and from the transfer data buffer 5 via the pass line 3. The error detection and correction circuit 7 reads the recorded data from the transfer data buffer 5 or the management data buffer 6 via the pass line 3 during data recording, adds an error detection and correction code, and
During data reproduction, this circuit detects and corrects errors in the reproduced data read from these buffers using error detection and correction codes added during recording. During data recording, the recording/reproduction control circuit 8 reads the recorded data to which an error detection and correction code has been added from the transfer data buffer 5 or the management data buffer 6, modulates it, and then transfers it to the optical disk drive IO via the drive interface 9. , during data reproduction, is a circuit that demodulates reproduced data transferred from the optical disk drive 10 via the drive interface 9 and then writes it into these buffers.

Next, an embodiment of the information recording method of the present invention will be described below in the optical disk control device 2 configured as described above using the information recording medium whose data structure is explained in FIGS. 1 to 6. do. In order to simplify the explanation, it is assumed that the capacity of the volume management block, partition management block, and alternative management table is equivalent to one sector.

Also, first of all, a control method will be explained for a rewritable optical disc, and then an application method for a write-once optical disc will be explained.

First, the operation of the optical disk control device 2 reading a partition management block into the management data buffer 6 when a disk is loaded will be described below with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

When the optical disk drive lO detects that a new disk has been inserted into the device, it notifies the main control circuit l of the disk attachment via the drive interface 9. The main control circuit 1 sends a drive command to the optical disk drive 10 via the drive interface 9 to instruct a seek to the partition management eMM. When the optical disk drive 10 completes the seek operation, it notifies the main control circuit 1 via the drive interface 9 that the execution of the drive command has been completed.

(2) The main control circuit 1 specifies the address of the partition management area as the target sector address to the recording/reproducing control circuit 8 and starts a data reproducing operation.

When the recording/reproducing control circuit 8 detects the target sector, it attempts to reproduce data from the target sector.

0 If the target sector has been recorded, the recording/reproducing control circuit 8 demodulates the reproduced data read from the optical disk drive IO and transfers it to the management data buffer 6. When the transfer of the reproduced data is completed, the main control circuit 1 subsequently activates the error detection and correction circuit 7 to perform error correction processing on the reproduced data.

D On the other hand, if the target sector is unrecorded, the main control circuit 1 detects the unrecorded flag sent from the recording/reproduction control circuit 8 and determines that the partition management block itself is also in an unrecorded state, and only the heshider A partition management block is generated and recorded in the management data buffer 6.

In this hengoo, O is registered as the number of registered partitions, and management information of the secondary alternative sI area is registered, indicating that the entire secondary alternative area is in an unused state.

As a result of the above operations, the partition management block of the disk loaded in the optical disk drive IO is taken into the management data buffer 6 of the optical disk control device 2.

Here, Lord! II n11 circuit circuit formula - Using the logical address of the first sector of each subdisk held as subdisk management information in the Tisilon management block,
The operation of converting a logical address into a physical address will be described below.

In the recording/reproducing operation of volume management blocks and files, the host computer 12 sends device commands (Read/Write Co., Ltd.) including logical addresses.
s device (nd) is sent out, the main control circuit 1 sequentially compares this logical address with the logical address of the first sector of each subdisk to determine the subdisk that contains the sector with that logical address. For example, the logical address included in the device command is 400.000.
If 382.500 < 400,000 <
412,500 This is larger than the logical address (382,500) of the first sector of subdisk 11 and smaller than that of subdisk 12 (412,500), so the sector with this logical address is the first sector of subdisk 11.
It is determined that it exists within. The logical address offset within the subdisk is calculated as follows: 400.000-382,500-833X21+7 The physical track address of this sector is 383.333(3
82,500+833), and the physical sector address is found to be 7. The main control circuit l uses the physical address calculated in this way to control the optical disk drive lO.
It commands a seek operation for the target sector and sets a target sector address for the recording/reproducing control circuit 8.

Next, an operation in which the host computer 12 reads a volume management block prior to a logical volume registration operation and a file recording/reproduction operation will be described below with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

■ The host computer 12 issues a device command (REA) that specifies the volume management area as the data reproduction area.
D Command> is sent. The main control circuit 1 reads the device command taken into the host interface circuit 4 and converts the address of the data playback area into a physical address according to the procedure described above, and then sends a drive command to the optical disk drive 10. command to seek to the volume management area.

When the optical disk drive IO completes the seek operation, it notifies the main control circuit 1 of the completion of the drive command via the drive interface 9.

(The main control circuit 1 specifies the address of the volume management area as the target sector address in the recording/reproducing control diagram Is8 and starts the data reproducing operation.

When the recording/reproducing control circuit 8 detects the target sector, it attempts to reproduce data from the target sector.

0 If the target sector has already been recorded, the recording/reproduction control circuit 8 demodulates the reproduction data read from the optical disk drive 10 and transfers it to the transfer data buffer 5.0 Next, the main control 8 circuit 1 performs error detection and correction. The main control circuit 1 activates the circuit 7 to perform error correction processing on the reproduced data, and then activates the host interface circuit 4 to transfer the reproduced data from the transfer data buffer 5.

The transferred playback data is held inside the host computer 12 as a volume management block.

Q() On the other hand, when the target sector is unrecorded, when the main control circuit 1 detects the unrecorded flag sent from the recording/reproduction control circuit 8, it generates sense data indicating that the target sector is in an unrecorded state. and notifies the host computer 12 via the host interface circuit 4.

Since the volume management area is in an unrecorded state, the host computer 12 determines that the information recording medium itself is in an unused state, and generates and internally holds a volume management block having only a header.

In this header, the number of registered logical volumes is 0, and unused area management information is registered, assuming that the entire user area is an unused area.

Based on the above operations, the host computer internally holds the volume management block of the disk to be accessed.

Next, the operation of the host computer to register a new logical volume will be described below with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

+11 The host computer 12 sends a device command (ASSIGN) containing the start address of the unused area read from the header of the internally held volume management block, the capacity of the logical volume to be registered, and an alternative management method for defective sectors. VOL [IME Com
mand) is generated and sent.

Next, the main control circuit 1 reads out and interprets the device command taken into the host interface circuit 4, and then selects several partitions from the beginning of the unused area based on the alternative management method specified by the device command and the capacity of the logical volume. assign. Then, the main control circuit 1 generates a partition entry holding the management information of the newly allocated partition, and updates the partition management block held in the pipe ring data buffer 6.

Ul Next, the main control circuit 1 activates the error detection and correction circuit 7 and adds an error detection and correction code to the recorded data (partition management block) in the management data buffer 6. Furthermore, the main control surface W11 specifies the address of the partition management area as a target sector address to the recording/reproduction control 21 circuit 8, starts a data recording operation, and records the recording data in the partition management area.

+Kl The main 171 circuit 1 generates sense data holding the start address of the newly formed data 5TI area and the start address of the unused area after logical volume registration, and sends it to the host combination via the host interface circuit 4. data 12.

Based on the transferred sense data, the host computer 12 rewrites the header regarding the number of registered logical volumes and management information of unused areas, and at the same time additionally registers a volume entry holding new logical volume management information. Updates the internally held volume management block.

υ In order to record the updated volume management block, the host computer I2 issues a device command (tlR) that specifies the volume management area as the data recording area.
Send ITE Co Kairin and).

When the main circuit 171 reads and interprets the device command from the host interface circuit B4, it sends a drive command to the optical disk drive 10 and instructs it to seek to the volume tube PJwI area. When the main control circuit 1 is notified of the completion of the seek operation from the optical disk drive 10, it starts the host interface circuit 4 and transfers the data of the volume management block to be recorded from the host computer 12 to the transfer data buffer 5. Then, the main control circuit 1 activates the error detection and correction circuit 7 and adds an error detection and correction code to the recording data (volume management block in the transfer data buffer 5). Furthermore, the main control surface II specifies all addresses of the volume management area as target sector addresses to the recording/reproduction control circuit 8, starts a data recording operation, and records the recording data in the volume management area.

From the logical volume registration operation described above, a new partition is allocated within the unused area, and the volume management block and partition management block are rewritten.

Next, a file recording operation that involves a defective sector detection operation and an alternative recording operation in a logical volume in which the auto mode is set as an alternative management method will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

(Foundation) The host computer 12 executes a device command (WllIT[iCo
■-and) is sent. When the main control n circuit 1 reads the device command taken into the host interface circuit 4, it first refers to the partition management block held in the management data buffer 6, determines the partition containing the file recording area, and then 8. Reading the Partition Run Entry Holding Management Information Next, the main control circuit 1 sends a drive command to the optical disk drive 10 to instruct it to seek to the table area of this partition. When the optical disk drive lO completes the seek operation, it notifies the main control circuit l of the completion of the drive command via the drive interface 9.

N The main control circuit 1 specifies the address of the table area as the target sector address to the recording/reproducing control circuit 8 and starts a data reproducing operation. When the recording/reproducing control circuit 8 detects the target sector, it attempts to reproduce data from the target sector.

0 If the target sector has been recorded, the recording/reproducing control circuit 8 demodulates the reproduced data read from the optical disk drive 10 and transfers it to the management data buffer 6. The main control circuit 1 then activates the error detection and correction circuit 7 to perform error correction processing on the reproduced data. Note that the alternative management table read out from the above operation is the one previously read out in the management data buffer 6. Next, the main control circuit 1 searches the alternative management table held in the management data buffer 6 for a defective sector included in the recording area of the file. When a defective sector is detected, the main key 4 circuit 1 reads out and internally holds a table entry for managing the defective sector.

[F] On the other hand, if the target sector is unrecorded, the main control circuit 1 detects the unrecorded flag sent from the recording/reproduction control circuit 8, determines that the alternative management table is in an unrecorded state, and changes the table entry. The number of registrations is set to 0, and an alternative management table having only the hengoo holding the address of the first sector of the alternative area as alternative sector management information is generated and recorded in the management data buffer 6.

Q. The control circuit Bl first sends a drive command to the optical disk drive IO and instructs it to seek with the sector assigned as the file recording area as the target sector. If the sector allocated at this time is determined to be a defective sector in the processing procedure of 0, the main i+
I? The 2j circuit 1 generates and sends a drive command with a substitute sector as the target sector in place of the defective sector, and instructs a seek to the substitute area. When the main/sub 28N path I is notified of the completion of the seek operation from the optical disk drive 10,
Activates the host interface circuit 4 and transfers data recorded from the host computer 12 to the data buffer 5
The main $ control circuit 1 activates the error detection and correction circuit 7 to add an error detection and correction code to the recorded data. Furthermore, the main control circuit 1 specifies a target sector address to the recording/reproducing control circuit 8 to start a data recording operation, and the data recording operation such as 0 or more that records data in the target sector is performed when recording a file. This is executed for all sectors allocated as 13 areas.

(2) The main control circuit 1 again sends a drive command to the optical disk drive 10 to instruct a seek with the sector assigned as the file recording area as the target sector. If the allocated sector at this time is determined to be a defective sector in the processing procedure 0, the main control circuit 1 generates and sends a drive command with the alternative sector as the target sector instead of the defective sector, and moves to the alternative area. command to seek. When the main control circuit 1 is notified of the completion of the seek operation from the optical disk drive 1O, the main control circuit 1 specifies the target sector address to the recording/reproducing control circuit 8 and starts the data/event reproducing operation. When the circuit 8 demodulates the reproduced data transferred from the optical disk drive IO and sends it to the transfer data buffer 5, the main control circuit 1 activates the error detection and correction circuit 7 to attempt to detect errors contained in the reproduced data. At this time, if the error detected by the error detection and correction circuit 7 is smaller than a predetermined reference value (an error that the error detection and correction circuit 7 can correct with a margin) or if no error is detected at all, the main control circuit l It is determined that the verify operation for the target sector has been completed normally. On the other hand, if an error exceeding the reference value is detected from the target sector, the main control circuit 1 determines that the target sector is a defective sector, and performs a verify operation such as 0 or more to retain the address of the defective sector internally. ,
The processing procedure of Q is executed for all sectors in which data is recorded.

■ When a defective sector is detected in the processing procedure on the side, the main control circuit 1 refers to the alternative management table held in the management data buffer 16 and performs processing for all detected defective sectors. Next, the main control circuit 1 registers a new table entry in the alternative management table in the management data base 76 and updates the hengoo.

m The main control circuit l sends a drive command to the optical disk drive 10 to instruct it to seek to the allocated alternative sector. Main control circuit l is optical disk drive 10
When notified of the completion of the seek operation by Q, an error is detected in the data to be recorded in the defective sector among the recorded data transferred from the host computer 12 and held in the transfer data buffer 5. After adding the correction code, an alternative sector address is designated as the target sector address to the recording/reproduction control circuit 8, and data recording operation is started.

Further, when the data recording operation is completed, the main control circuit 1 executes a verify operation on the alternative sector in the same manner as in the processing procedure (2). At this time, if a verify error is detected again from the alternative sector, the main/sub fff1 circuit 1 repeatedly allocates a new alternative sector and performs the data recording operation to this alternative sector. Further, the main control circuit 1 executes the above-described alternative recording operation for all detected defective sectors.

U When the alternative recording operation is completed, the main/sub fi1 circuit I sends a drive command to the optical disk drive 10 to perform a seek to the table area in order to record the updated alternative management table in the management data buffer 6. command.

When notified of the completion of the seek operation from the optical disk drive 10, the main control circuit 1 activates the error detection and correction circuit 7 and adds an error detection and correction code to the recorded data (alternative management table) in the management data buffer 6.

Then, the address of the table area is designated as the target sector address to the recording/reproduction control circuit 8, and data recording operation is started, thereby recording the recording data (alternative management table) in the table area.

According to the processing procedure described above, a file recording operation in a logical volume set to auto mode is executed. In the processing procedure (2) in which allocation of replacement sectors is described in the above operation description, for the purpose of simplifying the explanation, it is assumed that all detected defective sectors are temporarily replaced within the partition. However, if a defective sector exceeding the limited capacity of the replacement area is detected, primary replacement is impossible within the particiran, and an alternative recording operation using a secondary replacement area as described below is performed. First, when an overflow of the alternate area is detected from the contents recorded in the header 7 of the alternate management table, an overflow is detected in the secondary alternate area from the header of the partition management block held in the management data buffer 76. The address of the secondary alternative sector to be used next is read and the alternative sector is allocated in the secondary alternative area. Data recording and verify operations are performed on the allocated alternative sector in the same manner as the primary m processing procedure. Execute. When the alternate recording using the secondary alternate area is completed, the address of the secondary alternate sector to be used next in the secondary alternate area is incremented, and a management system indicating that the sector has been substituted in the secondary alternate area is incremented. (J
The information is recorded in the partition management area and the table area according to the processing procedure of 1 or 0, respectively.

On the other hand, a file recording operation in a logical volume in which host mode is set as an alternative management method is executed as follows. First, the main control circuit 1 receives a device command (WRIT) sent from the host computer 12.
When the host interface circuit 4 reads out a drive command from the host interface circuit 4, it sends a drive command to the optical disk drive 10, instructing it to seek to the target sector where data will be recorded.

The main control circuit 1 is a primary main control circuit that starts the host interface circuit 4 and transfers the data recorded from the host computer 12 to the transfer data buffer 5 when it is notified of the completion of the seek operation from the optical disk drive 1O. l
activates the error detection and correction circuit 7 to add an error detection and correction code to the recorded data, and further activates the recording/reproducing control circuit 8 to perform a data recording operation on the target sector assigned to the file recording area. When such data recording operation is completed for all the sectors assigned as the recording area of the file, the main control circuit 1 next executes a verify operation for all the sectors in which data has been recorded. That is, the main control circuit 1 activates the recording/reproduction control circuit B8, demodulates the reproduction data transferred from the optical disk drive 10, and sends it to the transfer data buffer 5, and then activates the error detection and correction circuit 7 to convert the reproduction data into Attempts to detect errors contained. At this time, when the error detection and correction circuit 7 detects an error exceeding the reference value from the target sector, the main control circuit 1 generates sense data indicating that this target sector is a defective sector, and sends it via the host interface circuit 4. The execution of the device command is terminated by notifying the host computer 12. At this time, the host computer 12 executes replacement processing for the defective sector according to the processing procedure specified by the O3, the application management program, or the like.

Next, a file playback operation that involves an alternative playback operation from an alternative sector in a logical volume in which the auto mode is set as an alternative management method will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 12.

M The host computer 12 executes a device command (READ Coanan) specifying the playback area of the file.
d). When the main control circuit 1 reads and interprets the device command taken into the host interface circuit 4, it first refers to the management data/participant management block held in the sofa 6 and includes the playback area of the file. . Next, the main control n circuit I sends a drive command to the optical disk drive 10 to request a seek to the table area of this partition. command. optical disk drive 1
0 notifies the main control circuit l of the completion of the drive command via the drive interface 9 when the seek operation is completed.

(b) The main control circuit n specifies the address of the table area as the target sector address to the recording and reproducing control circuit 8 and starts the data reproducing operation. When the recording/reproducing control circuit 8 detects the target sector, it attempts to reproduce data from the target sector. When the target sector is unrecorded and an unrecorded flag is sent from the recording/reproduction control circuit 8, the main control circuit I detects that the alternative management table is in an unrecorded state and contains the reproduction area of the file. It is determined that there are no defective sectors in the party area.

(2) On the other hand, if the target sector has already been recorded, the recording/reproducing side jB circuit 8 demodulates the reproduced data read from the optical disk drive 10 and transfers it to the management data type 2 filter 6. The main control circuit 1 then activates the error detection and correction circuit 7 to perform error correction processing on the reproduced data. Note that the alternative management table read out by the above operation is the one read out earlier in the management data buffer 6. It is held in a different area from the particiran management block. Then, the main control circuit 1 searches the alternative management table read into the management data buffer 6 for a defective sector included in the playback area of the file. When a defective sector is detected, the main control circuit 1 reads out and internally holds a table entry for managing the defective sector.

(2) Birth system? The n circuit 1 first has an optical disk drive IO.
A drive command is sent to the target sector, and a seek command is issued with the sector assigned as the file playback area as the target sector. If the allocated sector at this time is determined to be a defective sector in the flash processing procedure, the main YSM circuit 1 selects a replacement sector in the primary replacement area or secondary replacement area according to the contents of the table entry that manages the defective sector. Generates and sends a drive command with the target sector as the target sector, and instructs a seek to an alternative area. When the main control port 81 is notified of the completion of the seek operation from the optical disk drive 10, it specifies the target sector address for the recording/reproduction control 2[1t8B and starts the data reproduction operation.

Next, when the recording and reproducing control circuit 8 demodulates the reproduced data transferred from the optical disk drive 10 and sends it to the transfer data buffer 5, the main control circuit 1
The main control circuit 1 starts the error correction process for the reproduced data, and the main control circuit 1 and the host interface
is activated to transfer playback data from the transfer data buffer 5.

According to the above-described processing procedure, a file read operation is executed from within a logical volume in which auto mode is specified as an alternative management method.

On the other hand, in logical polygons for which host mode is specified as an alternative management method, there is no possibility of accessing the alternative area. Only playback operations are performed.

In the operation explanation described so far, the recording and playback operations of partition management blocks, volume management blocks, and alternative management tables are intended for rewritable optical discs, and the internal management areas, volume management areas, and The explanation has been made assuming that it is updated within the table area. However, since data cannot be updated within the same area on a medium with non-rewritable characteristics such as a write-once optical disc, the data structure and recording/reproducing procedure of these management information are different. FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram of a partition management area, a volume management area, and a table area formed inside the write-once optical disc. First, the data structure and recording/reproduction procedure will be explained below, taking the Bartingin management area as an example. As shown in FIG. 13(a), an area in which a large number of partition management blocks can be recorded is allocated to the virgin management area. Then, in a new partition registration operation or a defective sector replacement recording operation using a secondary replacement area, the partition management block is continuously updated and recorded using unused sectors from one end of the virgin management area. Therefore, among the many partition management blocks recorded in the virgin management area, the one recorded immediately before the unused area is the latest. and,
In the read operation of the partition management block when an optical disk is installed, the data reproduction operation is executed continuously from the sector located at one end of the partition management area.
The last reproduced block located immediately before the unused sector is read into the management data buffer 6 and held as the latest partition management block. The volume management block and alternative management table are also shown in Figure 13 (b).
) and (C), the volume management area or table area has a similar data structure, and these management information are also stored continuously using unused sectors from one end of the volume management area or table area. The information is updated and recorded, and the information that is located in the immediately n1 position of the unused sector and that was reproduced last is read out as the latest management information.

Effects of the Invention As explained above, in the present invention, one
Even though a logical volume with a unique capacity is formed, the logical volume is divided into partitions with a capacity that allows replacement management of defective sectors, and primary replacement processing is performed for each partition, and a secondary replacement area is created. is used to perform secondary replacement processing for defective sectors that cannot be replaced inside the partition. Therefore, by limiting the capacity of the alternative management table, the number of rewrites of the alternative management table itself can be reduced, and alternative management of defective sectors that is less likely to exceed the capacity limits the practical number of rewrites or has the characteristic that it cannot be rewritten once. The practical effect is great if it is realized in an information recording medium that has a device.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an area configuration diagram of an information recording medium according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an external view of the information recording medium, Fig. 3 is a correspondence diagram between logical addresses and physical addresses, and Fig. 4 is a volume diagram. A configuration diagram of the management block, FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of the partition management block, and FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of the alternative management table.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an optical disk control device to which the information recording method of the present invention is applied, FIG. 8 is a flowchart explaining the readout operation of the partition management block, and FIG. 9 is a flowchart explaining the readout operation of the volume management block. , FIG. 10 is a flowchart explaining the logical volume registration operation, FIG. 11 is a flowchart explaining the file recording operation, FIG. 12 is a flowchart explaining the file playback operation, and FIG. 13 is the management on a write-once optical disc. FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of an information recording area. 1... Main control circuit, 2... Optical disk control circuit, 3... Pass line, 4...
Host interface circuit, 5...Transfer data buffer, 6...Management data buffer, 7...
...Error detection and correction circuit, 8... Recording/reproduction control circuit, 9... Drive interface, 1
0... Optical disk drive, 11-... Host interface, 12... Host computer. Name of agent: Patent attorney Shigetaka Awano Figure of one person\ /! Figure 1O Figure 11 Figure 12

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A disk has a large number of tracks formed in a circular or spiral pattern, and the tracks are divided into a plurality of subdisks in the radial direction of the disk, and each track in the subdisk has the same number of sectors. The number of sectors formed in a track increases from the inner circumference to the outer circumference subdisk, and in an information recording medium in which information is recorded and reproduced sector by sector, A means for managing a logical volume by forming one or more volume management areas and one or more logical volumes, and recording a volume management block that collectively holds management information of the logical volumes in the volume management area; One or more partitions are formed in one partition management area and each logical volume, and partitions are managed by recording a partition management block that collectively holds management information of the subdisk structure and partition configuration in the partition management area. A data area in which user data is recorded in the partition, a primary alternative area in which alternative sectors to replace defective sectors are recorded, and an alternative management table that collectively holds the correspondence between defective sectors and alternative sectors. A means for alternatively managing defective sectors detected from a data area within a partition by forming a table area for detecting defective sectors within a partition; The entire information recording medium is managed as a one-dimensional logical address space using a means of alternatively recording all defective sectors at once and the subdisk structure management information contained in the partition management block, and the recording and playback operations are controlled in sector units. An information recording method characterized by comprising a means for. (2) When using an information recording medium with non-rewritable material characteristics, the volume management block, the partition management block, and the alternative management table are stored in the volume management area, the partition management area, and the table area, respectively. 2. The information recording method according to claim 1, wherein update recording is performed continuously using unrecorded sectors from one end of the area. (3) A large number of tracks are formed concentrically or spirally on the disk, and the tracks are divided into a plurality of subdisks in the radial direction of the disk, and each track within the subdisk has the same number of sectors. It has a subdisk structure in which the number of sectors formed in a track increases from the inner circumference to the outer subdisk, and user data is stored in an information recording medium in which information is recorded and reproduced in sector units. A table in which a user area to be recorded, a primary alternative area in which alternative sectors to replace defective sectors detected in the user area are recorded, and an alternative management table that maintains the correspondence between defective sectors and alternative sectors. A partition consisting of an area, a partition management area where a partition management block that collectively holds management information of the subdisk structure and partition configuration is recorded, a logical volume consisting of one or more partitions, and each logical A volume management area where a volume management block that collectively holds volume management information is recorded, and a secondary replacement area where all defective sectors that cannot be replaced within a partition are collectively recorded as an alternative are formed. Featured information recording media. (4) The information recording medium according to claim (3), wherein when a logical partition is composed of a plurality of said partitions, each user area constituting the partition is arranged in a continuous area.