JPH01313783A - 電池の容量計測回路 - Google Patents

電池の容量計測回路

Info

Publication number
JPH01313783A
JPH01313783A JP63146109A JP14610988A JPH01313783A JP H01313783 A JPH01313783 A JP H01313783A JP 63146109 A JP63146109 A JP 63146109A JP 14610988 A JP14610988 A JP 14610988A JP H01313783 A JPH01313783 A JP H01313783A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
battery
circuit
measuring circuit
capacitive element
capacity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP63146109A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Teruo Hishiki
輝男 菱木
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philips Japan Ltd
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Japan Ltd
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=15400355&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=JPH01313783(A) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Philips Japan Ltd, Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV filed Critical Philips Japan Ltd
Priority to JP63146109A priority Critical patent/JPH01313783A/ja
Priority to US07/343,116 priority patent/US4931737A/en
Priority to DE89201462T priority patent/DE68909502D1/de
Priority to AT89201462T priority patent/ATE95315T1/de
Priority to EP89201462A priority patent/EP0346970B1/en
Priority to CN89104053A priority patent/CN1016288B/zh
Priority to BR898902773A priority patent/BR8902773A/pt
Priority to KR1019890008045A priority patent/KR910001399A/ko
Publication of JPH01313783A publication Critical patent/JPH01313783A/ja
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R15/00Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
    • G01R15/005Circuits for altering the indicating characteristic, e.g. making it non-linear
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/374Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] with means for correcting the measurement for temperature or ageing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G01R31/3828Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC using current integration
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G01R31/3828Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC using current integration
    • G01R31/3832Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC using current integration without measurement of battery voltage

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 [産業上の利用分野] この発明は、電池の容量を計測するための容量計測回路
に係り、特に可充電型電池の充電/放電量を計測する場
合に用いて好適な電池の容量計測回路に関する。
[従来の技術] この種の容量計測回路は、例えば、充電式電気かみそり
等の可充電型電池を組み込んだ電子/電気機器の電池の
充電/放電量を求める場合に使用される。従来のこの種
の計測回路としては、例えは充電時間あるいは放電時間
を計測し、この計測された時間に基づいて電池の充電/
放電量を求めるものが知られている。また、他の従来の
計測回路としては、充電電流あるいは放電電流を計測し
、この計測された電流を積分することによって電池の充
電/放電量を求めるものが知られている。後者の計測回
路においては、充電電流/放電電流が、電池に直列に介
挿された抵抗の両端間に現れる電圧に基づいて計測され
る。すなわち、抵抗の両端間の電圧を増幅した後、積分
し、この積分値がある値に到達する毎にパルスを発生さ
せると共に、該積分値をリセットする。そして、上記の
動作を充電/放電が行われている間繰り返し、この結果
発生するパルスを計数することによって充電/放電量を
計測している。このような計測回路の一例が、ドイツ国
特許出願第2,313,566号公報に記載されている
[発明が解決しようとする課題] ところで、Ni−Cd電池のような可充電型電池は、例
えば第5図に示すように、その電池容量が周囲温度の変
化にともない変化することが知られている。すなわち、
同図に点線で示す放電特性から明らかなように、電池の
放電容量は、室温より高い温度範囲においては大きな値
を示し、室温より温度か低下するにつれて減少する。ま
た、同図に実線で示す充電特性からは、電池の容量が室
温付近で最も大きな値となり、温度が室温付近から1昇
または下降すると徐々に減少することが解る。このよう
に、放電特性および充電特性の両特性を考えた場合、電
池の容量は室温付近で最大どなり、それより温度が上昇
または下降するにつれて減少する。したがって、充電電
流/放電電流の積分値に基づいて電池の充電/放電量を
正確に計測するには、周囲温度の変化に伴う電池容量の
変化を補償する必要がある。
また、上述したような可充電型電池の電池容量は、充放
電回数の増加に伴い、すなわち使用時間の経過に伴い、
例えば第6図に示すように徐々に減少してゆく。したが
って、正確な電池容量を計測するには、このような電池
容量の減少も考慮に入れる必要がある。
この発明は、上記事情に鑑みてなされたもので、その目
的とするところは、電池の充電/放電量を、特別な温度
センサ等を設けることなく、かつプログラム等による補
正を行わなくても、広い周囲温度の範囲にわたってより
正確に計測することができる容量計測回路を提供するこ
とにある。
また、この発明の他の目的は、簡素な回路構成で、電池
の経年変化等による容量変化に左右されることなく、長
期間にわたってより正確に電池の充電/放電量の計測を
行うことができる容量計測回路を提供することにある。
[課題を解決するための手段及び作用]この発明による
電池の容量計測回路は、電池を介して流れる電流を検出
する検出手段と、この検出手段の出力を積分する積分回
路とを具備し、この積分回路の出力に基づいて前記電池
の容量を計測する電池の容量計測回路において、前記積
分回路の積分時定数を決める回路素子が、前記電池の容
量温度特性を略補償する温度特性を有するものであるこ
とを特徴としている。
この様に構成された容量計測回路によれば、前記積分回
路の積分時定数が周囲温度の変化に伴い前記電池の容量
の温度変化を補償するように変化する。したがって、上
記積分結果に基づいて求められる電池の充電/放電量は
、周囲温度の変化による影響が少なくより正確である。
また、上記の容量計測回路において、前記回路素子を前
記電池の容量の経年変化特性を略補償するような経年変
化特性を持つものにすれば、電池の充電/放M、量をよ
り正確に計測することができる。
[実施例] 第1図は、この発明による容量計測回路を、充電式電気
かみそりの電池の放電量を求める回路に適用した場合の
一実施例を示す回路図である。
第1図において、可充電型電池lOは、例えば公称出力
電圧2.4vのNi−Cd電池で、その正極側出力端子
はスイッチ11を介して電圧コンバータ12の入力端子
に接続されると共に、当該電気かみそりの刃を駆動する
モータ13の一端に接続されている。
前記電圧コンバータ12は、入力電圧を昇圧して出力す
るためのもので、その出力端子は、抵抗14を介してF
ET 15のゲートに接続されている。前記FET 1
5のドレインは、前記モータ13の他端に接続され、ソ
ースは電流検出用の低抵抗17を介して接地されている
。また、このFET 15のソースは、演算増幅器18
とNPN )ランジスタ19とからなる電圧フォロア2
0の入力端子に接続されている。前記トランジスタ19
のコレクタは、NPN )ランジスタ21のエミッタに
接続されると共に、抵抗22とコンデンサ23とを順次
弁して接地されている。また、トランジスタ19のエミ
ッタは抵抗24を介して接地されている。また、前記ト
ランジスタ21のコレクタは、・前記電圧レギュレータ
I6の出力端子に接続されている。さらに、前記抵抗2
2とコンデンサ23との接続点は、抵抗25.26,2
7と演算増幅器28とからなるヒステリシスコンパレー
タ29の入力端子に接続されている。そして、このヒス
テリシスコンパレータ29の出力端子は前記トランジス
タ21のベースに接続され、該出力端子に得られろ信号
(パルス信号)はバファアンブ30により増幅された後
、カウンタ31により計数されるようになっている。
ここで、前記コンデンサ23としては、電池lOの温度
特性および経年変化特性を各々補償するような温度特性
および経年変化特性を持つコンデンサが選択される。す
なわち、コンデンサ23の容量は、第2図の静電容量温
度特性が示すように、室温付近で最大となり、周囲温度
がそれより上昇または下降するにつれて減少する。この
温度特性は、例えば第5図に示したような、電池10の
温度特性によく対応する。上記のような温度特性を持つ
コンデンサとしては、例えば、高誘電率タイプの積層セ
ラミックコンデンサが適している。また、上記コンデン
サ23の容量は、第3図の静電容量経年変化特性が示す
ように、使用時間の経過に伴い漸減するものとする。こ
の特性は、第6図に示したような、電池10の経年変化
特性に対応する。前記高誘電率タイプの積層セラミック
コンデンサは、この第3図に示すような経年変化特性を
有している。
次ぎに、第1図に示した回路の動作を説明する。
使用者によりスイッチ11が閉成されると、電圧コンバ
ータ12は電池lOの出力電圧を昇圧してFET15の
ゲートに供給する。この結果、FET 15が導通して
モータ13が回転し、モータ電流が抵抗17を介して流
れる。この結果発生する抵抗17の両端間の電圧は、電
圧フォロア20を介して、抵抗24の両端間に印加され
る。したがって、抵抗24には、モータ13の電流に比
例した電流が流れる。今、トランジスタ21がオフ状態
であるとすると、抵抗24を介して流れる電流によりコ
ンデンサ23の電荷が放電されるため、同コンデンサ2
3の両端間電圧は、この電流の大きさに応じた速度で低
下する。この電圧が、ヒステリシスコンパレータ29の
下側しきい値以下になると、同コンパレータ29の出力
によりトランジスタ21が導通され、この結果、コンデ
ンサ23は、該トランジスタ21と抵抗22とを介して
急速に充電される。そして、コンデンサ230両端問電
圧が前記コンパレータ29の上側しきい値を超えると、
トランジスタ21はオフ状態となる。以上の動作は、ス
イッチ11が閉成されている間繰り返される。
この様にして、前記コンパレータ29の出力端には、モ
ータ電流に対応した周波数のパルス信号が発生し、この
パルス信号がカウンタ31により計数される。この場合
、同一モータ電流に対する上記パルス信号の周波数は、
第2図に示したコンデンサ23の温度特性から明らかな
ように、周囲温度が室温付近の場合に最も低くなり、そ
れより上昇または下降すると上昇する。したがって、カ
ウンタ31に得られる計数値は、電池10の放電量を、
周囲温度の変化に伴う放電容量の変化を補正した形で表
すことになる。
、また、先にも述べたように、コンデンサ23の静電容
量は使用時間の経過にともない漸減する。したがって、
使用回数が進めば、同一のモータ電流であっても前記パ
ルス信号の周波数は上昇する。
しかして、カウンタ31の計数値により示される電池l
Oの放電量は、同電池lOの経年変化による電池容量の
減少が補償されたものとなる。
次に、上記実施例の変形例を第4図に示す。
この図に示す容量計測回路においては、モータ電流通路
には抵抗を設けず、その代わりに、モータ電流のスイッ
チ用FET 15のドレイン・ソース間電圧を電圧フォ
ロア20に人力する。このドレイン・ソース間電圧は、
モータ電流に比例するから、抵抗24に流れる電流もモ
ータ電流に比例する。この回路の他の部分の構成および
動作は、第1図に示した回路のものと路間−である。と
ころで、第4図に示した回路におけるコンデンサ23’
の温度特性は、FET 15のドレイン・ソース間電圧
の温度特性も考慮して選定することが望ましい。
なお、上述した実施例およびその変形例においては、電
池の放電量を計illする回路のみを示したが、例えば
、第1図の回路において抵抗17に電池IOの充電電流
を流すようにすれば、この発明による容量計測回路が電
池の充電量を計測する場合にも使用し得ることは明かで
ある。
また、第1図の回路において、コンデンサ23は通常の
コンデンサとし、その代わり、抵抗24として室温付近
で抵抗値が最大となるような温度特性を持つ抵抗を用い
ることによって、上記実施例でなされる温度補償と同様
の温度補償を行うことも考えられる。
[発明の効果] 以上の説明から明らかなように、この発明による電池の
容量計測回路によれば、電池を介して流れる電流を検出
し、この検出した電流の積分結果に基づいて該電池の充
電/放電量を計測する場合、前記積分の時定数を決定す
る回路素子を、前記電池の温度特性を補償するような温
度特性を持つものとしたので、特別の温度センサを設け
て温度補償を行うことなく、充電/放電量をより正確に
計測することができる。
また、前記回路素子を、電池の容量経年変化特性を補償
するような経年変化特性を持つものにすれば、長期間に
わたりより正確に充電/放電量を計測することができる
【図面の簡単な説明】
第1図は、この発明による電池の容量計測回路を、電気
かみそりの電池の放電量計測を行う回路に適用した場合
の一実施例を示す回路図、第2図は、同実施例における
コンデンサ23の容量温度特性図、 第3図は、同実施例におけるコンデンサ23の容量経年
変化特性図、 第4図は、同実施例の一変形例を示す回路図、第5図は
、Ni−Cd電池の温度特性図、第6図は、Ni−Cd
電池の経年変化特性図である。 IO・・・電池、13・・・モータ、15・・・FET
  (半導体スイッチ)、17・・・抵抗(検出手段)
、23・・・コンデンサ(回路素子)、29・・・ヒス
テリシスコンパレータ(比較手段)、31・・・カウン
タ(計数手段)。 出願人  フィリップス株式会社 代理人  弁理士 沢 1)雅 男 第2図 第5図 =A浸(”C) 第3図 第6図 た友tゴ救

Claims (1)

  1. 【特許請求の範囲】 1、電池を介して流れる電流を検出する検出手段と、 この検出手段の出力を積分する積分回路と、を具備し、
    前記積分回路の出力に基づいて前記電池の容量を計測す
    る電池の容量計測回路において、 前記積分回路の積分時定数を決める回路素子が、前記電
    池の容量温度特性を略補償する温度特性を有するもので
    あることを特徴とする電池の容量計測回路。 2、前記回路素子が前記電池の容量の経年変化特性を略
    補償する経年変化特性を更に有していることを特徴とす
    る請求項1に記載の電池の容量計測回路。 3、前記回路素子が容量素子であることを特徴とする請
    求項1または2に記載の電池の容量計測回路。 4、前記検出手段が前記電池に直列に介挿された抵抗を
    有する一方、前記積分回路はこの抵抗の両端間の電圧に
    応じて前記容量素子を充電または放電し、かつ当該容量
    計測回路が、前記容量素子の両端間に現れる電圧を所定
    の値と比較すると共にその比較結果に基づいて該容量素
    子を放電または充電する比較手段と、 前記容量素子の充放電回数を計数する計数手段と、 を更に有していることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の電
    池の容量計測回路。 5、前記検出手段が前記電池に直列に介挿された半導体
    スイッチ素子を有する一方、前記積分回路はこの半導体
    スイッチ素子の両端間の電圧に応じて前記容量素子を充
    電または放電し、かつ前記容量計測回路が、 前記容量素子の両端間に現れる電圧を所定の値と比較す
    ると共にその比較結果に基づいて該容量素子を放電また
    は充電する比較手段と、 前記容量素子の充放電回数を計数する計数手段と、 を更に有していることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の電
    池の容量計測回路。
JP63146109A 1988-06-14 1988-06-14 電池の容量計測回路 Pending JPH01313783A (ja)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63146109A JPH01313783A (ja) 1988-06-14 1988-06-14 電池の容量計測回路
US07/343,116 US4931737A (en) 1988-06-14 1989-04-25 Circuit for measuring the capacity of a battery
DE89201462T DE68909502D1 (de) 1988-06-14 1989-06-08 Schaltkreis zum messen der kapazitaet einer batterie.
AT89201462T ATE95315T1 (de) 1988-06-14 1989-06-08 Schaltkreis zum messen der kapazitaet einer batterie.
EP89201462A EP0346970B1 (en) 1988-06-14 1989-06-08 Circuit for measuring capacity of battery
CN89104053A CN1016288B (zh) 1988-06-14 1989-06-12 电池容量测量电路
BR898902773A BR8902773A (pt) 1988-06-14 1989-06-12 Circuito para medir a capacidade de energia de uma bateria
KR1019890008045A KR910001399A (ko) 1988-06-14 1989-06-12 에너지 용량 측정 회로

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JP63146109A JPH01313783A (ja) 1988-06-14 1988-06-14 電池の容量計測回路

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JPH01313783A true JPH01313783A (ja) 1989-12-19

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JP (1) JPH01313783A (ja)
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AT (1) ATE95315T1 (ja)
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US4931737A (en) 1990-06-05
BR8902773A (pt) 1990-02-01
CN1039660A (zh) 1990-02-14
EP0346970B1 (en) 1993-09-29
KR910001399A (ko) 1991-01-30
CN1016288B (zh) 1992-04-15
ATE95315T1 (de) 1993-10-15
EP0346970A1 (en) 1989-12-20

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