JP7475751B1 - Collimating contact lenses and XR glasses - Google Patents

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a contact lens with a collimating function that can recognize images with sufficient resolution when combined with an XR glasses main body, and XR glasses using the same. [Solution] The XR glasses have an XR glasses main body having a left-eye display section and a right-eye display section each of which has a pixel array in which one pixel is composed of at least three or more sub-pixels, and one or more micro light-emitting diodes (31-33) included in each sub-pixel, and the pixel aperture ratio is 10% or more, and a contact lens (1000) with a collimating function that has a transparent column assembly in which a plurality of transparent columns (1100) are arranged as collimators, and which have a transmittance of 50% or more and a radiation angle of 5 degrees or less for light emitted from any point on the left-eye display section and the right-eye display section, and in which the light transmitted through each transparent column converges to a convergence point. [Selected Figure] Fig. 31

Description

This invention relates to a translucent micro light-emitting diode (LED) display for XR (Cross Reality) glasses, a display for XR glasses, VR (Virtual Reality) glasses, VR glasses, and contact lenses with a collimating function.

XR glasses using organic electroluminescence (EL) elements (OLED) as the light engine (light source for images) are commercially available (see Non-Patent Document 1). However, these XR glasses have a low light output from the organic EL elements, making it difficult to recognize images displayed on the XR glasses in bright environments. In order to increase the light output, it is possible to increase the drive current density of the organic EL elements, but the drive current density is generally small at several tens of mA/ ^cm2 , and there are problems such as a decrease in efficiency and accelerated deterioration when the drive current density is increased.

On the other hand, with regard to the optical system, XR glasses using optical waveguides and projection optical systems have been proposed (see Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3). Optical systems using optical waveguides and projection optical systems have the advantage of being able to make the XR glasses thinner, but they have problems such as an increased number of parts, complex optical design, and high manufacturing difficulty of optical parts. It is particularly difficult to ensure a wide viewing angle, and while the current viewing angle is a maximum of about 60 degrees, it is not easy to further expand it in terms of optical design (see Non-Patent Document 2).

We have yet to realize XR glasses that have the ambient light transmittance required for visibility of the outside world, sufficient brightness for image recognition in bright daytime environments, a wide viewing angle and a wide eyebox (the range in which the image is not lost due to eye movement), are lightweight, thin, and compact, and can be worn all the time like eyeglasses.

If the display could be made semi-transparent (see-through), it would be possible to simplify the optical components of the XR glasses since there would be no need to use an optical waveguide. Patent Document 4 proposes AR glasses that use see-through organic EL elements. However, as mentioned above, organic EL elements lack brightness. Increasing the light-emitting area to increase brightness would prevent the display from being made semi-transparent. Furthermore, even if the light-emitting area were expanded to cover the entire pixel, organic EL elements would not provide sufficient brightness for XR glasses.

To ensure sufficient light output, it is desirable to use micro LEDs as the light source. This is because LEDs can be driven at a current density (several tens of A to several hundreds of A/cm ² ) that is more than 1000 times higher than organic EL elements. Not only can sufficient brightness be ensured for XR glasses, but high brightness can be achieved in a very small area, making it easy to make the display itself semi-transparent. If XR glasses can be constructed with a semi-transparent display using micro LEDs as a light source without using an optical waveguide, it will be possible to realize XR glasses that are lightweight and thin and can be worn at all times like glasses.

A method has been proposed in which a lens (microlens) is placed in front of a translucent display placed close to the eye using a micro LED as a light source to generate a virtual image (see Patent Document 5). In this method, one microlens is used for a certain group of pixels, and the pixel groups are arranged at a certain interval to ensure the aperture ratio, so the virtual image is not projected in a continuous state. In addition, since the shape of the virtual image area created by the lens is circular, the field of view of the outside world that enters the circle of the virtual image area is affected by distortion by the lens. In principle, if a microlens is placed on each pixel to generate a virtual image pixel by pixel, and the virtual image can be generated as a collection of virtual images for each pixel, a perfect virtual image that does not distort the field of view of the outside world around the virtual image can be projected in real space. However, the method of generating a virtual image by placing a microlens on each pixel of a few μm in size requires controlling the distance between the pixel and the microlens in Å units, making it very difficult to ensure positional accuracy.

JP 2022-517207 A US Patent Application Publication No. 2020/0379214 JP 2022-521974 A JP 2020-523628 A U.S. Pat. No. 1,063,4912

[Retrieved September 17, 2023], Internet <URL: https://www.itmedia.co.jp/fav/articles/2306/10/news049.html> [Retrieved September 17, 2023], Internet <URL: https://prtimes.jp/main/html/rd/p/000000004.000030718.html>

The problem that this invention aims to solve is to provide a translucent micro light-emitting diode display for XR glasses that allows the outside world to be clearly seen, allows the displayed image to be clearly recognized even in a bright outside world, displays images with sufficient resolution, and is thin, and to provide XR glasses that use this translucent micro light-emitting diode display for XR glasses.

Another problem that this invention aims to solve is to provide a VR glasses display that can display images with sufficient resolution and is thin, and VR glasses that use this VR glasses display.

Yet another problem that this invention aims to solve is to provide a contact lens with a collimating function that can be used in combination with the XR glasses main body to recognize images with sufficient resolution, and XR glasses that use this contact lens with a collimating function.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides:
a pixel array in which one pixel is formed by at least three or more sub-pixels;
One or more micro light emitting diodes included in each of said sub-pixels;
A collimator provided for each pixel or each subpixel, which narrows the radiation angle of light from the micro light-emitting diode to 5 degrees or less;
having
The pixel aperture ratio of the semi-transparent micro light-emitting diode display for XR glasses is 10% or more.

Here, the light emission angle refers to the angle range from the emission direction where the light intensity is at its maximum to where that intensity is reduced to half, and a light emission angle of 5 degrees or less means that, with the emission direction where the light intensity is at its maximum as the reference (0 degrees), the angle range where the light intensity is reduced to half is ±2.5 degrees or less, or a range of 5 degrees or less.

The collimator may be composed of a microlens and an aperture (aperture or pinhole) that limits the emission range of light from the microlight-emitting diode to the vicinity of the focal point of the microlens, or may be composed of a columnar body of a size that is included in the emission area of the light from the microlight-emitting diode, and the columnar body has a plurality of light-transmitting parts that are separated from each other and extend in the direction of the central axis, or may be composed of a structure in which a plurality of such columns are stacked in the direction of the central axis, and the light-transmitting parts of a pair of adjacent columns are shifted from each other in a direction perpendicular to the central axis. In the former collimator, the light from the microlight-emitting diode limited by the aperture passes through the microlens to obtain a parallel light beam. The aperture is typically tubular, particularly cylindrical. When a collimator is provided for each pixel, the light from all the microlight-emitting diodes included in one pixel passes through one aperture and then passes through one microlens to obtain a parallel light beam. When a collimator is provided for each subpixel, the light from all the microlight-emitting diodes included in one subpixel passes through one aperture and then passes through one microlens to obtain a parallel light beam. In the latter collimator, the light from the micro light-emitting diode passes through multiple light-transmitting sections to obtain a parallel beam of light. Typically, the outer surface of the light-transmitting section is covered with a light-absorbing film. In this way, the light that enters the light-transmitting section and enters the outer surface is absorbed, and ultimately only the light that travels in the direction of the central axis of the light-transmitting section is left, and this light is emitted as a parallel beam of light from the end of the light-transmitting section.

The collimator design can easily narrow the radiation angle of the light from the micro light-emitting diode to 5 degrees or less. The collimator is preferably configured to narrow the radiation angle of the light from the micro light-emitting diode to 0.1 degrees or more and 2.0 degrees or less. This allows the displayed image to be recognized with a sufficiently high resolution.

This translucent micro light-emitting diode display for XR glasses preferably has sufficient brightness (maximum brightness of approximately 5,000 to 10,000 nits) compared to external light so that images can be clearly recognized even in a bright outside environment.

The aperture ratio of a pixel (the ratio of the area of the pixel through which visible light from the outside can pass) must be at least 10% to form a translucent micro light-emitting diode display, but is preferably 40% or more. This allows the outside world to be recognized clearly enough through the translucent micro light-emitting diode display.

In one example, one pixel has a red-emitting micro light-emitting diode, a green-emitting micro light-emitting diode, and a blue-emitting micro light-emitting diode to realize the three primary colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B). In one example, these micro light-emitting diodes are each covered with a transparent resin that transmits visible light, and the surface of the transparent resin is covered with a light-reflecting film configured to reflect light toward the inside of the opening. In another example, one pixel is composed of only a plurality of blue-emitting or ultraviolet-emitting micro light-emitting diodes. Typically, these micro light-emitting diodes are each covered with a red phosphor, a green phosphor, or a blue phosphor, and the surface of the red phosphor, the green phosphor, or the blue phosphor is covered with a light-reflecting film configured to reflect light toward the inside of the opening. In this case, the light from the blue-emitting or ultraviolet-emitting micro light-emitting diode is wavelength-converted by passing through the red phosphor, the green phosphor, or the blue phosphor, and the three primary colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) are realized.

Typically, the number of micro light-emitting diodes included in one subpixel is three or more, or one micro light-emitting diode has at least one n-side electrode and at least three or more p-side electrodes. Typically, one subpixel has a trunk wiring for the n-side electrode and a trunk wiring for the p-side electrode, and the trunk wiring for the p-side electrode has at least three or more branch wirings.

The red light emitting micro light emitting diode, the green light emitting micro light emitting diode, and the blue light emitting micro light emitting diode may all be AlGaInN micro light emitting diodes, or the green light emitting micro light emitting diode and the blue light emitting micro light emitting diode may be AlGaInN micro light emitting diodes, and the red light emitting micro light emitting diode may be AlGaInP micro light emitting diode. These micro light emitting diodes may be either horizontal or vertical.

This semi-transparent micro light-emitting diode display for XR glasses is typically constructed to be flexible. Specifically, a wiring board in which wiring is formed on a substrate made of transparent plastic such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, or polycarbonate is used, and a pixel array is formed on the wiring board, thereby obtaining a flexible semi-transparent micro light-emitting diode display for XR glasses.

XR glasses are a general term for glasses that use technologies such as AR (Augmented Reality), MR (Mixed Reality), and SR (Substitutional Reality), as well as intermediate technologies between these technologies (for example, technologies positioned between AR and MR), and are image display devices that create a space that provides a simulated experience by blending the real and virtual worlds. AR is a technology that projects a virtual world onto real space, MR is a technology that blends real space and virtual space, and SR is a technology that overlays past images onto real space, making it appear as if a past event is happening right in front of your eyes.

The present invention also provides
A left-eye display unit and a right-eye display unit are provided.
The left-eye display unit and the right-eye display unit each include a pixel array in which one pixel is formed by at least three sub-pixels;
One or more micro light emitting diodes included in each of said sub-pixels;
A collimator provided for each pixel or each subpixel, which narrows the radiation angle of light from the micro light-emitting diode to 5 degrees or less;
having
The XR glasses are made of a semi-transparent micro light-emitting diode display with an aperture ratio of the pixel of 10% or more.

In this XR glasses invention, what has been described in relation to the invention of the translucent micro light-emitting diode display for XR glasses above is valid.

The present invention also provides
A pixel array;
a collimator provided for each pixel of the pixel array, the collimator narrowing the radiation angle of light from the pixel to 5 degrees or less;
The display for VR glasses is an organic electroluminescence display or a liquid crystal display having the above structure.

VR is a technology that allows you to experience a virtual world as if it were the real world. VR glasses include goggle-type and head mounted display (HMD) types. In this invention of a display for VR glasses, the above explanation in relation to the invention of the translucent micro light-emitting diode display for XR glasses is valid, unless it is contrary to the nature of the invention.

The present invention also provides
A left-eye display unit and a right-eye display unit are provided.
The left-eye display portion and the right-eye display portion each include a pixel array;
a collimator provided for each pixel of the pixel array, the collimator narrowing the radiation angle of light from the pixel to 5 degrees or less;
The VR glasses are configured with an organic electroluminescence display or a liquid crystal display having a

Here, VR glasses include goggles and head mounted displays (HMDs).

The present invention also provides
an XR glasses main body having a left-eye display section and a right-eye display section each of which is made up of a translucent micro light-emitting diode display having a pixel array in which one pixel is formed by at least three or more sub-pixels and one or more micro light-emitting diodes included in each of the sub-pixels, the aperture ratio of the pixel being 10% or more;
a contact lens with a collimating function, which has a transmittance of 50% or more and a radiation angle of 5 degrees or less for light emitted from any point on the left-eye display unit and the right-eye display unit;
These are XR glasses that have the following features.

The collimating contact lens may be basically configured in any way as long as it can make the radiation angle of 50% or more for light emitted from any point on the left eye display unit and the right eye display unit 5 degrees or less. Typically, the part (center part) of the collimating contact lens excluding the outer periphery can be configured by a transparent column assembly in which a large number of transparent columns in the shape of a regular hexagonal pyramid are arranged on a curved surface corresponding to the surface of the cornea in a honeycomb shape so that the sides are in close contact with each other. A light absorbing film is provided on the side of each transparent column. In this case, preferably, when the collimating contact lens is attached to the cornea, the convergence point of the light passing through each transparent column of the collimating contact lens is located near the center of the crystalline lens. The closer the convergence point is to the center of the eyeball, the narrower the field of view becomes, but if the lens is designed and manufactured so that the convergence point of the transmitted light is near the center of the crystalline lens, a sufficiently wide field of view can be ensured.

When this contact lens with collimating function is placed on the cornea and the XR glasses main body is placed in front of the eye, light from the micro light-emitting diode enters one end of the transparent column of this contact lens with collimating function and exits from the other end, allowing light with a radiation angle of 5 degrees or less to enter the crystalline lens.

Light has wave properties, and there are diffraction phenomena, some light passes through light absorbing films, and some light passes beyond the geometrically designed angle. Therefore, a radiation angle of 5 degrees or less means that, based on the direction of light emitted from any point on the display toward the convergence point of light passing through each transparent column of the collimating contact lens, the radiation angle range with a transmittance of 50% or more is 5 degrees or less (±2.5 degrees or less).

In this XR glasses invention, everything other than the above applies as described in relation to the XR glasses invention already described, unless it is contrary to the nature of the invention.

The present invention also provides
This contact lens has a collimating function that provides a transmittance of 50% or more and a radiation angle of 5 degrees or less for light emitted from an arbitrary point.

When wearing these collimating contact lenses, the amount of light entering the eye is reduced, but you can see clearly from far away to very close. Because they can simultaneously correct both farsightedness and nearsightedness, they can also be used as contact lenses in everyday life.

In addition, the range of focus has been expanded, making it possible to recognize images on a nearby display regardless of the presence or absence of a lens that generates a virtual image. It can also be used with VR glasses, and by eliminating the need for a large lens to generate a virtual image from the VR glasses, it is possible to make the VR glasses thinner.

In this invention of a contact lens with collimating function, everything other than the above applies as described in relation to the invention of the XR glasses already explained, unless it is contrary to the nature of the invention.

According to the semi-transparent micro light-emitting diode display for XR glasses of the present invention, the outside world can be clearly seen because it is semi-transparent, i.e., see-through, and the micro light-emitting diode display has high brightness, so the displayed image can be clearly recognized even in a bright outside world, and the collimator provided for each pixel or each subpixel can narrow the radiation angle of light from the micro light-emitting diode to 5 degrees or less, so that an image can be displayed with sufficient resolution, and since no optical waveguide or projection optical system is required, the number of parts is small, the optical system can be easily designed, and it can be constructed thin. And by constructing XR glasses using this semi-transparent micro light-emitting diode display for XR glasses, it is possible to realize excellent XR glasses that can form an image on the retina of the user's eye in units of one pixel. Also, according to the display for VR glasses of the present invention, when an organic electroluminescence display or a liquid crystal display is used, the collimator provided for each pixel of the pixel array can narrow the radiation angle of light from the pixel to 5 degrees or less, so that an image can be displayed with sufficient resolution. And by constructing VR glasses using this display for VR glasses, it is possible to realize excellent VR glasses that can form an image on the retina of the user's eye in units of one pixel. In addition, the contact lens with collimating function according to the present invention attenuates the transmittance of light having an emission angle of at least 5 degrees (±2.5 degrees) from the direction toward the convergence point of light passing through each transparent column of the contact lens to 50% or less, so that when the contact lens is placed on the cornea, a clear image of any point can be formed on the retina from long distances to close distances. By combining this contact lens with collimating function with the XR glasses main body, it is possible to realize XR glasses that can display images with sufficient resolution without using a collimator in the XR glasses main body.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a translucent micro-LED display for XR glasses according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing one pixel of a translucent micro LED display for XR glasses according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing one pixel of a translucent micro LED display for XR glasses according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a portion of one sub-pixel of one pixel of the translucent micro LED display for XR glasses according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a horizontal micro-LED used in a translucent micro-LED display for XR glasses according to the first embodiment of the present invention; 1 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the operation of a translucent micro LED display for XR glasses according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a translucent micro-LED display for XR glasses according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a plan view showing one pixel of a translucent micro LED display for XR glasses according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing one pixel of a translucent micro LED display for XR glasses according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a translucent micro-LED display for XR glasses according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a collimator used in a translucent micro-LED display for XR glasses according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing one pixel of a translucent micro LED display for XR glasses according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a collimator used in a translucent micro-LED display for XR glasses according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a collimator used in a translucent micro LED display for XR glasses according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a translucent micro LED display for XR glasses according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram for explaining the configuration of a collimator used in a translucent micro LED display for XR glasses according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram for explaining the configuration of a collimator used in a translucent micro LED display for XR glasses according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram for explaining the configuration of a collimator used in a translucent micro LED display for XR glasses according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a translucent micro-LED display for XR glasses according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing one pixel of a translucent micro LED display for XR glasses according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 23 is a right side view showing XR glasses according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. 13 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a user wears XR glasses according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention in front of the user's eyes. FIG. FIG. 23 is a right side view for explaining a problem that occurs when a collimator is eliminated in the XR glasses according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a right side view showing an XR glass according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention. 23 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a user wears XR glasses according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention in front of the user's eyes. FIG. A cross-sectional view showing a display for VR glasses according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention. A right side view showing VR glasses according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a user wears VR glasses according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention in front of the eyes. A right side view showing the main body of XR glasses according to the twelfth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 23 is a plan view showing a collimating contact lens of XR glasses according to the twelfth embodiment of the present invention. A cross-sectional view showing a collimating contact lens of XR glasses according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention. A plan view showing the transparent pillars that constitute the collimating contact lens of the XR glasses according to the twelfth embodiment of the present invention. A side view showing a transparent column that constitutes a collimating contact lens of XR glasses according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention. A cross-sectional view for explaining a manufacturing method of a collimating contact lens of XR glasses according to the twelfth embodiment of the present invention. A cross-sectional view for explaining a manufacturing method of a collimating contact lens of XR glasses according to the twelfth embodiment of the present invention. A cross-sectional view for explaining a manufacturing method of a collimating contact lens of XR glasses according to the twelfth embodiment of the present invention. A cross-sectional view for explaining a manufacturing method of a collimating contact lens of XR glasses according to the twelfth embodiment of the present invention. A cross-sectional view for explaining a manufacturing method of a collimating contact lens of XR glasses according to the twelfth embodiment of the present invention. 23 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a collimating contact lens of XR glasses according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention is worn on the cornea by a user. FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a user wears XR glasses according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention in front of the user's eyes. FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a user wears XR glasses according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention in front of the user's eyes. FIG.

The following describes the form for implementing the invention (hereinafter referred to as "embodiment").

First Embodiment
[Semi-transparent micro LED display for XR glasses]
Fig. 1 shows a translucent micro LED display for XR glasses according to a first embodiment, and is a cross-sectional view showing a pixel arrangement. Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are a plan view and a perspective view showing one pixel of the translucent micro LED display for XR glasses, respectively. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of one sub-pixel of one pixel of the translucent micro LED display for XR glasses.

As shown in Figs. 1 to 4, a pixel array is provided in which pixels 20 are arranged in a two-dimensional matrix on a flexible and transparent wiring substrate 10. Each pixel 20 has three sub-pixels, and each sub-pixel has a red-emitting micro LED 31, a green-emitting micro LED 32, and a blue-emitting micro LED 33. These micro LEDs 31 to 33 are provided at equal intervals on one diagonal line of the pixel 20. These micro LEDs 31 to 33 are all horizontal and have the same structure, shape, and size. The micro LED 31 is an AlGaInN-based LED or an AlGaInP-based LED, and the micro LEDs 32 and 33 are AlGaInN-based LEDs. The size of the pixel 20 is, for example, 4 to 6 μm square (equivalent to 4000 to 6000 PPI), but is not limited to this.

The micro-LEDs 31 to 33 are shown in Fig. 5. As shown in Fig. 5, in the micro-LEDs 31 to 33, a light-emitting layer 35 and a p-type semiconductor layer 36 are sequentially laminated on an n-type semiconductor layer 34, except for a portion thereof, and a p-side electrode 37 made of four metals is provided in a row on the p-type semiconductor layer 36, and an n-side electrode 38 made of metal is provided on a portion of the n-type semiconductor layer 34 adjacent to the light-emitting layer 35 and the p-type semiconductor layer 36. The micro-LEDs 31 to 33 may have semiconductor layers other than the n-type semiconductor layer 34, the light-emitting layer 35, and the p-type semiconductor layer 36, as necessary. In the micro-LEDs 32 and 33, the n-type semiconductor layer 34 is an n-type GaN layer, the p-type semiconductor layer 36 is a p-type GaN layer, and the light-emitting layer 35 has an _{InxGa1 -xN /} InyGa1 _- yN multiple quantum well (MQW) structure (x<y, 0≦x<1, 0≦y<1) in which _{InxGa1 -xN layers} as barrier layers and InyGa1-yN layers as well layers are alternately stacked, with the In composition ratios x and y being selected according to the emission wavelength of green or blue. When _the micro-LED 31 is an AlGaInN-based LED, the n-type semiconductor layer 34, the light-emitting layer 35, and the p-type semiconductor layer 36 have the same structures as the micro-LEDs 32 and 33. When the micro LED 31 is an AlGaInP-based LED, the n-type semiconductor layer 34 is an n-type AlGaInP layer, the p-type semiconductor layer 36 is a p-type AlGaInP layer, and the light emitting layer 35 has an In _x Ga _1-x P/In _y Ga _1-y P MQW structure, with the In composition ratios x and y being selected according to the red light emission wavelength. The p-side electrode 37 and the n-side electrode 38 are at the same height. Although not shown, a Sn film is provided on the p-side electrode 37 and the n-side electrode 38 to be used when mounting the micro LED chips 31 to 33 on the wiring substrate 10.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, on the wiring board 10, an n-side electrode trunk wiring 41 is provided in the vicinity of one side of the pixel 20 and extends parallel to this side. The n-side electrode trunk wiring 41 branches out to the micro-LEDs 31 to 33 in a direction perpendicular to the n-side electrode trunk wiring 41, and further bends in a direction parallel to the n-side electrode trunk wiring 41 to be electrically connected to the n-side electrodes 38 of the micro-LEDs 31 to 33. In addition, a p-side electrode trunk wiring 42 is provided on the wiring board 10 in a direction perpendicular to the n-side electrode trunk wiring 41. Four p-side electrode branch wirings 43 branch out from the p-side electrode trunk wiring 42 to the micro-LEDs 31 to 33, and are electrically connected to the four p-side electrodes 37.

As shown in Figures 1, 3 and 4, the micro LEDs 31 to 33 are covered with a transparent resin layer 50. The transparent resin layer 50 has a shape in which the top of a hemisphere is cut parallel to a great circle, and the side surface is curved. A light reflecting film 60 is provided so as to cover the upper surface and side surface of the transparent resin layer 50 except for the central portion. The light reflecting film 60 has a circular opening 61 in the center of the upper surface. The opening 61 is located above the micro LEDs 31 to 33. On the lateral outer side of the light reflecting film 50, a transparent resin layer 50 identical to the transparent resin layer 50 covering the micro LEDs 31 to 33 is provided at the same height as the upper surface of the light reflecting film 60. A cylinder 70 having an inner diameter equal to or greater than the inner diameter of the opening 61 is provided around the opening 61 of the light reflecting film 60, and the inner side wall of the cylinder 70 and the opening 61 form the aperture 71. The diameter of the opening 61 is, for example, 100 to 500 nm. The diameter of the opening 61 is selected to be small enough so that the transmitted light functions as a point light source, but if the diameter of the opening 61 is too small, it will increase the diffraction of light and extremely reduce the transmittance of light, so it is desirable to set the diameter to 100 nm or more. The radiation angle (θ) depends on the value (d/f) obtained by dividing the diameter (d) of the opening 61 by the focal length (f) of the microlens 90 described below (θ=.about.d/f). Therefore, the diameter (d) of the opening 61 is determined taking into consideration the focal length (f) of the microlens 90 and the efficiency of light utilization, and it is considered appropriate that the diameter (d) of the opening 61 is 500 nm or less. A transparent resin layer 80 is provided on the transparent resin layer 50 and the light reflecting film 60 so as to cover the cylinder 70. This transparent resin layer 80 is also embedded in the aperture 71. A hemispherical microlens 90 is provided on the transparent resin layer 80, integral with this transparent resin layer 80, and coaxially with the cylinder 70. The focus of the microlens 90 is at or near the center of the opening 61. The inner sidewall of the cylinder 70 is made of a light absorbing film, and serves to block light that has passed through the opening 61 and reaches areas other than the microlens 90. For example, a black resist for a color filter can be used as the light absorbing film. The microlens 90 and the aperture 71 consisting of the inner sidewall of the cylinder 70 and the opening 61 form a collimator. This collimator, which is provided for each subpixel, narrows the radiation angle of light from the micro LEDs 31 to 33 to 5 degrees or less, preferably 0.1 degrees to 2.0 degrees or less. The diameter of the microlens 90 is, for example, 1 to 2 μm. The refractive index of the transparent resin layer 50, the transparent resin layer 80, and the microlens 90 is, for example, 1.3 to 1.8. Typically, the transparent resin layer 50 is made of a silicon-based resin such as PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) or an acrylic-based resin, and the transparent resin layer 80 in which the microlens 90 is formed is made of a photocurable resin, but is not limited to this.

[Operation of pixel 20 of translucent micro LED display for XR glasses]
FIG. 6 shows the light emission state of one subpixel of the pixel 20. As an example, a case where the subpixel has a micro LED 31 will be described. As shown in FIG. 6, when a forward voltage is applied between the p-side electrode 37 and the n-side electrode 38 of the micro LED 31 and electricity is passed, the micro LED 31 emits light and transmits the light through the n-type semiconductor layer 34 to the outside. The emitted light travels in various directions, but the light toward the aperture 71 transmits as it is through the transparent resin layer 80 inside the aperture 71, and then transmits through the transparent resin layer 80 above it to enter the micro lens 90. Since the focal point of the micro lens 90 is inside the aperture 71, the light that enters the micro lens 90 is emitted from the micro lens 90 as parallel light parallel to the central axis of the micro lens 90. The light that does not travel toward the aperture 71 of the cylinder 70 is reflected by the light reflecting film 60, and most of the light eventually travels toward the aperture 71 and is emitted to the outside as parallel light.

As described above, the translucent micro LED display for XR glasses according to the first embodiment is see-through, allowing the outside world to be clearly seen, and the high brightness of the micro LED diode display allows the displayed image to be clearly recognized even in a bright outside world, and the collimator formed by the micro lens 90 and aperture 71 provided for each sub-pixel of pixel 20 allows the radiation angle of light from micro LEDs 31 to 33 to be narrowed to 5 degrees or less, allowing an image (of a proximity display) to be formed on the retina with sufficient resolution.

Second Embodiment
[Semi-transparent micro LED display for XR glasses]
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a pixel arrangement of a semi-transparent micro LED display for XR glasses according to a first embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 8 is a plan view showing one pixel of the semi-transparent micro LED display for XR glasses according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing one pixel of the semi-transparent micro LED display for XR glasses according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 7 to 9, in this translucent micro LED display for XR glasses, instead of the red-emitting micro LED 31, the green-emitting micro LED 32, and the blue-emitting micro LED 33 in the translucent micro LED display for XR glasses according to the first embodiment, a blue-emitting or ultraviolet-emitting micro LED 39 is used. The micro LED 39 has a similar configuration to the micro LEDs 31 to 33. A red phosphor 95 is provided to cover the micro LED 39 in the red-emitting region, a green phosphor 96 is provided to cover the micro LED 39 in the green-emitting region, and a blue phosphor 97 is provided to cover the micro LED 39 in the blue-emitting region. A light-reflecting film 60 is provided to cover the red phosphor 95, the green phosphor 96, and the blue phosphor 97. The transparent resin layers 50, 80, the cylinder 70, and the micro lens 90 are the same as those in the translucent micro LED display for XR glasses according to the first embodiment.

[Operation of pixel 20 of translucent micro LED display for XR glasses]
As shown in FIG. 7, when the micro LED 39 is energized, blue light or ultraviolet light is emitted to the outside. The emitted blue light or ultraviolet light excites the red phosphor 95, the green phosphor 96, and the blue phosphor 97, which generate red light, green light, and blue light, respectively. The light toward the aperture 71 of the thus generated red light, green light, and blue light passes through the transparent resin layer 80 inside the aperture 71, and then passes through the transparent resin layer 80 on top of that to enter the micro lens 90. The light that enters the micro lens 90 is emitted from the micro lens 90 as parallel light parallel to the central axis of the micro lens 90. The light that does not head toward the aperture 71 is reflected by the light reflecting film 60, and most of it eventually heads toward the aperture 71 and is finally emitted to the outside as parallel light.

The second embodiment provides the same advantages as the first embodiment.

Third embodiment
[Semi-transparent micro LED display for XR glasses]
Fig. 10 shows a cross-sectional view of a pixel arrangement of a translucent micro LED display for XR glasses according to a third embodiment. Fig. 11 shows a collimator used in the translucent micro LED display for XR glasses. Fig. 12 shows a perspective view of one pixel of the translucent micro LED display for XR glasses.

As shown in Figures 10 to 12, in this translucent micro LED display for XR glasses, a collimator 100 as shown in Figure 11 is provided above each of the red-emitting micro LEDs 31, the green-emitting micro LEDs 32, and the blue-emitting micro LEDs 33, and the light reflecting film 60 is provided only on the side surface of the transparent resin layer 50, and the cylinder 70 and micro lens 90 in the first embodiment are not provided, which is different from the first embodiment. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 11, the collimator 100 is made by bundling multiple elongated transparent pillars 101 in the shape of a regular square pillar so that their sides are in close contact with each other, giving the collimator 100 an overall shape of a regular square pillar. The sides of each transparent pillar 101 are covered with a light absorbing film 102. The transparent pillars 101 are made of a material such as a silicon-based resin or an acrylic-based resin, and the light absorbing film is a black color resist, but is not limited to this.

[Operation of pixel 20 of translucent micro LED display for XR glasses]
As shown in FIG. 10, when the micro LEDs 31 to 33 are energized, the light emitted from the micro LEDs 31 to 33 travels in various directions, but the light incident on the lower end surface of any of the transparent columns 101 of the collimator 100 that travels in a direction parallel to the central axis of the transparent column 101 travels inside the transparent column 101 and is emitted to the outside from the upper end surface. The light incident on the lower end surface of any of the transparent columns 101 of the collimator 100 that travels in a direction different from the direction parallel to the central axis of the transparent column 101 is incident on the light absorbing film 102 on the side of the transparent column 101 and absorbed. The light emitted from the micro LEDs 31 to 33 that does not travel to the collimator 100 is reflected by the light reflecting film 60, and finally, the light incident on the lower end surface of any of the transparent columns 101 of the collimator 100 that travels in a direction parallel to the central axis of the transparent column 101 travels inside the transparent column 101 and is emitted to the outside from the upper end surface. In this way, parallel light is emitted from the collimator 100 to the outside.

The third embodiment provides the same advantages as the first embodiment.

Fourth embodiment
[Semi-transparent micro LED display for XR glasses]
The translucent micro LED display for XR glasses according to the fourth embodiment is different from the translucent micro LED display for XR glasses according to the third embodiment in that a collimator 100 shown in FIG. 13 is used instead of the collimator 100 in the translucent micro LED display for XR glasses according to the third embodiment, and is otherwise similar to the third embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 13, the collimator 100 is a bundle of elongated cylindrical transparent columns 101 with their sides in close contact with each other, and has an overall square prism shape. The sides of each column 101 are covered with a light absorbing film 102. In this collimator 100, of the light incident on the lower end surface of any of the transparent columns 101, the light traveling in a direction parallel to the central axis of the transparent column 101 travels inside the transparent column 101 and is emitted to the outside from the upper end surface, and of the light incident on the lower end surface of any of the transparent columns 101 of the collimator 100, the light traveling in a direction different from the direction parallel to the central axis of the transparent column 101 is incident on the light absorbing film 102 on the side of the transparent column 101 and absorbed.

[Operation of pixel 20 of translucent micro LED display for XR glasses]
The operation of the pixel 20 of this translucent micro LED display for XR glasses is similar to that of the third embodiment, except that the collimator 100 shown in FIG. 11 is replaced by the collimator 100 shown in FIG. 13 .

The fourth embodiment provides the same advantages as the first embodiment.

Fifth embodiment
[Semi-transparent micro LED display for XR glasses]
The fifth embodiment of the translucent micro LED display for XR glasses is different from the third embodiment in that the collimator 100 in the translucent micro LED display for XR glasses is replaced with the collimator 100 shown in FIG. 14, and otherwise similar to the third embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 14, the collimator 100 has a plurality of (three in FIG. 14) cylindrical transparent layers 103 arranged coaxially around a cylindrical transparent column 101 in close contact with each other. The sides of the transparent column 101 and the transparent layer 103 are covered with a light absorbing film 102. In this collimator 100, among the light incident on one end face of either the transparent column 101 or the transparent layer 103, the light traveling in a direction parallel to the central axis of the collimator 100 travels inside and is emitted to the outside from the other end face, and among the light incident on one end face of either the transparent column 101 or the transparent layer 103 of the collimator 100, the light traveling in a direction different from the direction parallel to the central axis of the collimator 100 is incident on the light absorbing film 102 on the side face of the transparent column 101 and the transparent layer 103 and absorbed.

[Operation of pixel 20 of translucent micro LED display for XR glasses]
The operation of the pixel 20 of this translucent micro LED display for XR glasses is similar to that of the third embodiment, except that the collimator 100 shown in FIG. 11 is replaced by the collimator 100 shown in FIG. 14 .

The fifth embodiment provides the same advantages as the first embodiment.

Sixth embodiment
[Semi-transparent micro LED display for XR glasses]
FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing a semi-transparent micro LED display for XR glasses according to the sixth embodiment, and is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement of pixels.

As shown in FIG. 15, in this translucent micro LED display for XR glasses, similar to the translucent micro LED display for XR glasses according to the second embodiment, blue or ultraviolet emitting micro LEDs 39 are used instead of the micro LEDs 31 to 33, and a red phosphor 95 is provided to cover the micro LEDs 39 in the red light emission region, a green phosphor 96 is provided to cover the micro LEDs 39 in the green light emission region, and a blue phosphor 97 is provided to cover the micro LEDs 39 in the blue light emission region. A light reflecting film 60 is provided to cover the side surfaces of the red phosphor 95, green phosphor 96, and blue phosphor 97. A first collimator layer 110, a second collimator layer 120, and a third collimator layer 130 are provided on the red phosphor 95, green phosphor 96, blue phosphor 97, and transparent resin layer 50. The first collimator layer 110 is formed by embedding a light absorbing film 112 in a two-dimensional lattice shape so as to penetrate the transparent resin layer 111 above the micro LEDs 39, and the portion in which the light absorbing film 102 is embedded functions as a collimator. The second collimator layer 120 is formed by embedding a light absorbing film 122 in a two-dimensional lattice pattern so as to penetrate the transparent resin layer 121 above the micro LEDs 39, and the portion where the light absorbing film 102 is embedded functions as a collimator. The light absorbing film 122 of the second collimator layer 120 is laterally shifted from the light absorbing film 112 of the first collimator layer 110 by a distance of about half the interval of the light absorbing film 112. The third collimator layer 130 is formed by embedding a light absorbing film 132 in a two-dimensional lattice pattern so as to penetrate the transparent resin layer 131 above the micro LEDs 39, and the portion where the light absorbing film 132 is embedded functions as a collimator. The light absorbing film 132 of the third collimator layer 130 is located in the middle between the light absorbing film 112 of the first collimator layer 110 and the light absorbing film 122 of the second collimator layer 120. FIG. 16A shows the appearance of the light absorbing film 112 of the first collimator layer 110. FIG. 16B shows the positional relationship between the light absorbing film 112 of the first collimator layer 110 and the light absorbing film 122 of the second collimator layer 120. FIG. 16C shows the positional relationship between the light absorbing film 112 of the first collimator layer 110, the light absorbing film 122 of the second collimator layer 120, and the light absorbing film 132 of the third collimator layer 130.

[Operation of pixel 20 of translucent micro LED display for XR glasses]
As shown in FIG. 15, when the micro LED 39 is energized, blue light or ultraviolet light is emitted to the outside. The emitted blue light or ultraviolet light excites the red phosphor 95, the green phosphor 96, and the blue phosphor 97, respectively, to generate red light, green light, and blue light, respectively. The light thus generated, among the red light, green light, and blue light, which is incident on the lower end surface of the first collimator layer 110, proceeds in a direction parallel to the central axis of the collimator portion and proceeds inside the transparent column in the shape of a regular square column surrounded by the light absorbing film 112, is emitted from the other end surface, and is incident on the lower end surface of the second collimator layer 120. The light incident on the lower end surface of the second collimator layer 120 is collimated to a narrower angle range due to a decrease in the aperture ratio caused by the position of the light absorbing film 122 being slightly shifted laterally from the light absorbing film 112, and an increase in the thickness of the collimator layer, and is emitted from the upper end surface of the second collimator layer 120 and is incident on the lower end surface of the third collimator layer 130. The light incident on the lower end surface of the third collimator layer 130 is collimated to a narrower angle range due to the decrease in the aperture ratio caused by the position of the light absorbing film 132 being slightly shifted laterally from the light absorbing film 122 and the increase in the thickness of the collimator layer, and is output from the upper end surface of the third collimator layer 130. Thus, the light output from the upper end surface of the third collimator layer 130 is emitted to the outside as parallel light limited to a narrow angle range. Stacking the collimator layers in multiple layers in this way has the effect of lowering the aspect ratio (ratio of the diameter of the aperture to the layer thickness), and can reduce the difficulty of manufacturing.

The sixth embodiment provides the same advantages as the first embodiment.

Seventh embodiment
[Semi-transparent micro LED display for XR glasses]
Fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing a pixel arrangement of a semi-transparent micro LED display for XR glasses according to a seventh embodiment, and Fig. 18 is a perspective view showing one pixel of the semi-transparent micro LED display for XR glasses according to the seventh embodiment.

As shown in Figures 17 and 18, this translucent micro LED display for XR glasses differs from the first embodiment in that one micro lens 90 is provided for each pixel, and that the cylinder 70 is provided to collect light that travels in a specific direction among the light emitted from each of the micro LEDs 31, 32, and 33. All other points are the same as those of the first embodiment. The aperture 71 inside the cylinder 70 and the micro lens 90 form one collimator.

[Operation of pixel 20 of translucent micro LED display for XR glasses]
As shown in Fig. 17, when the micro LEDs 31, 32, and 33 are energized, each of the micro LEDs 31, 32, and 33 emits light, and the light passes through the n-type semiconductor layer 34 and is emitted to the outside. The emitted light travels in various directions, but the light heading toward the inside of the cylinder 70 passes directly through the transparent resin layer 80 inside the cylinder 70, and then passes through the transparent resin layer 80 on top of that to enter the micro lens 90. Since the focal point of the micro lens 90 is inside the cylinder 70, the light that enters the micro lens 90 becomes parallel light of the central axis of the micro lens 90 and is emitted from the micro lens 90. The light that does not head toward the inside of the cylinder 70 is reflected by the light reflecting film 60, and most of the light ultimately heads toward the inside of the cylinder 70 and is emitted to the outside as parallel light.

The seventh embodiment provides the same advantages as the first embodiment.

Eighth embodiment
[XR Glasses]
19 is a right side view showing the XR glasses according to the eighth embodiment. Since the XR glasses are configured symmetrically, the configuration of the left eye side will be described below.

As shown in FIG. 19, in the XR glasses, a translucent micro LED display 300 having a configuration similar to that of the first embodiment is provided as a display unit for the left eye behind a transparent windshield (not shown) on the left eye side integrated with the frame 200. However, since the radiation angle of light from each pixel of the translucent micro LED display 300 is small, 5 degrees or less, preferably 0.1 to 2.0 degrees, the display surface is curved by utilizing the flexibility of the wiring board 10 so that the light from each pixel enters the pupil. Here, in the translucent micro LED display 300, the micro LEDs 31 to 33 on the wiring board 10 are represented simply as squares, and the collimator above them is represented as a cylinder 70 only, and the micro lenses 90 and the like are omitted from the illustration, thus greatly simplifying the illustration. A control circuit unit 210 for controlling the operation of the translucent micro LED display 300 is provided on the ear hook unit 200a on the left side of the frame 200 so as to surround the outer periphery of the ear hook unit 200a. A flexible wiring 220 is provided on the side of the ear hook 200a. The flexible wiring 220 wires between the control circuit 211 and the translucent micro LED display 300. The windshield excluding the part corresponding to the translucent micro LED display 300 can be used as a wiring area. A battery (such as a lithium ion battery) used as a power source is attached to any part of the frame 200 (such as the ear hook 200a). A nose pad 230 is provided on the nose side of the frame 200. If necessary, a left eye sensor is provided on the frame 200, for example, directly above the windshield. The left eye sensor includes, for example, one or more of a left eye imaging element (such as a CMOS image sensor or CCD), LiDAR, an illuminance sensor, an acceleration sensor, a gyro sensor, a geomagnetic sensor, and a near infrared camera for eye tracking.

Figure 20 shows the relative positional relationship with the left eye 400 when the XR glasses are worn by a user in front of the eyes. The semi-transparent micro LED displays 300 constituting the left eye display unit and the right eye display unit respectively have an area that covers almost the entire field of vision of the user. The left eye 400 has an eyeball 410, a lens 420, a cornea 430, and a retina 440. If the eyeball 410 is assumed to be a sphere, its diameter is 24 mm. The lens 420 has a diameter of 9 mm and a thickness of 4 mm. The retina 440 extends over a length of 30 to 40 mm.

The collimated light emitted from each pixel is designed to converge to one point due to the curvature of the display surface, etc., and the convergence point is set between the center of the lens 420 and the center of the eyeball 410. The position of the convergence point causes the viewing angle of the image (= the angular range in which the display image can be seen) and the eyebox to vary. The viewing angle and the eyebox are in an inverse relationship, and the closer the convergence point of the light is to the center of the eyeball 410, the wider the eyebox and the narrower the viewing angle. If the distance between the display surface and the cornea 430 is 12 mm and the convergence point of the light is set near the center of the eyeball 410 (= ~12 mm from the cornea 430), depending on the opening of the pupil (not shown), the viewing angle is ~19 degrees when the pupil diameter is 2 mm, and ~67 degrees when the pupil diameter is 8 mm. If the convergence point of the light is to the center of the lens 420, the viewing angle will be wider and the eyebox will be narrower. A practical viewing angle and eyebox can be achieved by adjusting the convergence point of light, but for example, by adding an eye-tracking function to the device and having the angle and position of the display follow the movement of the pupil, it is possible to achieve both an even wider eyebox and a wider viewing angle.

[Operation of XR Glasses]
As shown in FIG. 20, in the XR glasses, light from the outside world arriving from a distance passes through the translucent micro LED display 300 to reach the eyeball 410, and passes through the crystalline lens 420 to form an image on the retina 440. Assuming that the pupil is wide open at 8 mm and that it is possible to focus at a distance of 23 cm to 5 m, the radiation angle of light entering the pupil is 2.0 degrees at 23 cm and 0.1 degrees at 5 m. The radiation angle of 5 degrees is the radiation angle of light entering the eye from about 9.2 cm away when the pupil diameter is 8 mm, and is within the range in which some people can focus. Therefore, if the radiation angle of light from the pixel is 5 degrees or less, preferably in the range of 0.1 to 2.0 degrees, it is considered that a user with normal eyesight can recognize the image displayed on the translucent micro LED display 300. In FIG. 20, the light from one pixel of the translucent micro LED display 300 and the light from the adjacent pixel are both narrowed by the collimator to a radiation angle of 5 degrees or less, preferably 0.1 to 2.0 degrees, so that they are equivalent to external light arriving from a distance, and are imaged on the retina 440 without being mixed with each other. For this reason, it is considered that a person with normal eyesight can recognize the image displayed on the translucent micro LED display 300. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 21, in a translucent micro LED display without a collimator on the pixel, the spread (radiation angle) of the light from the pixel is large, so that the light from the adjacent pixel cannot be separated, and the light reaches the retina 440 in a mixed state, so that the image displayed on the translucent micro LED display is unclear and blurred.

According to the eighth embodiment, by using a translucent micro LED display 300 having a configuration similar to that of the first embodiment as the left eye display section and the right eye display section, it is possible to realize excellent XR glasses that can focus an image on the retina of the user's eye in pixel units.

Ninth embodiment
[XR Glasses]
22 is a right side view showing the XR glasses according to the ninth embodiment. Since the XR glasses are configured symmetrically, the configuration of the left eye side will be described below.

As shown in FIG. 22, these XR glasses differ from the XR glasses according to the eighth embodiment in that a vision correction lens 500 is provided inside the translucent micro LED display 300, but otherwise are similar to the eighth embodiment. The vision correction lens 500 is a convex lens for hyperopia (farsightedness) correction and a concave lens for myopia correction, but FIG. 22 shows a concave lens as an example. The vision correction lens 500 may be provided outside the translucent micro LED display 300.

Figure 23 shows the relative position of the XR glasses to the left eye 400 when the user wears them in front of the eyes.

[Operation of XR Glasses]
As shown in FIG. 23, the operation of the XR glasses is similar to that of the XR glasses according to the eighth embodiment, except that focusing is achieved by a combination of a crystalline lens 420 and a vision corrective lens 500.

According to the ninth embodiment, even when a vision correction lens 500 is used, the same advantages as those of the eighth embodiment can be obtained.

Tenth embodiment
[Display for VR glasses]
24 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic arrangement of pixels of a display for VR glasses according to a tenth embodiment. The display for VR glasses is composed of an organic EL display or a liquid crystal display (LCD).

As shown in FIG. 24, in this display for VR glasses, a pixel array is provided in which pixels 20 are arranged in a two-dimensional matrix on a flexible and transparent wiring substrate 10. An external light blocking film 600 is provided on the back surface of the wiring substrate 10 (the surface opposite the pixels 20).

Figure 24 shows a red light emitting portion 701, a green light emitting portion 702, and a blue light emitting portion 703 of three sub-pixels that make up one pixel. The light emitting portions 701, 702, and 703 are organic EL elements in an organic EL display, and are laminated structures of transparent conductive films, alignment films, liquid crystals, color filters, and the like formed on a flexible transparent substrate in a liquid crystal display. A collimator 710 is provided on each of the light emitting portions 701, 702, and 703. The collimator 710 is for narrowing the radiation angle of the light emitted from the light emitting portions 701, 702, and 703 to 5 degrees or less, preferably 0.1 to 2.0 degrees. The collimator 710 may be one consisting of the aperture 71 of the cylinder 70 and the microlens 90 used in the first embodiment, or it may be the collimator 100 used in the third embodiment.

[Operation of pixel 20 of the display for VR glasses]
As shown in FIG. 24, the light emitted from each of the light emitting portions 701, 702, and 703 is narrowed by a collimator 710 to a radiation angle of 5 degrees or less, preferably 0.1 to 2.0 degrees, and is finally emitted to the outside as approximately parallel light.

According to the display for VR glasses according to the tenth embodiment, when an organic electroluminescence display or a liquid crystal display is used, the collimator provided for each pixel 20 in the pixel array can narrow the radiation angle of light from the pixel to 5 degrees or less, thereby making it possible to display images with sufficient resolution.

Eleventh embodiment
[VR Glasses]
25 is a right side view showing the VR glasses according to the 11th embodiment. Since the VR glasses are configured symmetrically, the configuration of the left eye side will be described below.

As shown in FIG. 25, in these VR glasses, a display 800 of the same configuration as in the tenth embodiment is provided as a left-eye display unit, integrated with the transparent windshield (not shown) on the left eye side that is integrated with the frame 200, behind the windshield. However, because the radiation angle of light from each pixel of the display 800 is small, less than 5 degrees, preferably 0.1 to 2.0 degrees, the display surface is curved so that the light from each pixel enters the pupil. Other aspects of these VR glasses are the same as those of the tenth embodiment.

Figure 26 shows the relative position of the VR glasses to the left eye 400 when the user wears them in front of the eyes.

[VR Glasses Operation]
As shown in FIG. 26, the operation of the VR glasses is similar to that of the XR glasses according to the eighth embodiment, except that the external light blocking film 600 prevents light from the outside world from passing through the display 800.

According to the eleventh embodiment, by using a display 800 having a similar configuration to that of the tenth embodiment as the left eye display section and the right eye display section, it is possible to realize excellent VR glasses that can focus an image on the retina of the user's eye in pixel units.

Twelfth embodiment
[XR Glasses]
The XR according to the twelfth embodiment is a combination of an XR glass body and a contact lens with a collimating function that is attached to the cornea of the eye.

Figure 27 shows the XR glasses main body 900, a right side view. Since the XR glasses main body 900 is configured symmetrically, the following describes the configuration on the left eye side.

As shown in FIG. 27, this XR glasses main body 900 has a translucent micro LED display 910 for XR glasses that does not have the collimator in the translucent micro LED display 300 for XR glasses according to the eighth embodiment. That is, the translucent micro LED display 910 for XR glasses does not have a cylinder 70, a transparent resin layer 70, and a micro LED 90. The rest of the configuration of this XR glasses main body 900 is the same as that of the eighth embodiment.

Figures 28A, 28B, 28C, and 28D show a contact lens 1000 with a collimating function, with Figures 28A and 28B being a plan view and a cross-sectional view, respectively, of the contact lens 1000 with a collimating function, and Figures 28C and 28D being a plan view and a side view, respectively, of a transparent column 1100 of the transparent column assembly that constitutes the contact lens 1000 with a collimating function.

As shown in Figures 28A and 28B, the collimating contact lens 1000 has an overall bowl-shaped curved shape that corresponds to the curvature of the corneal surface.

In the center of the collimating contact lens 1000, a large number of transparent columns 1100 in the shape of a regular hexagonal truncated pyramid as shown in Figures 28C and 28D are arranged in a honeycomb shape with their sides in close contact with each other to form a transparent column assembly. The curved outer and inner surfaces of the collimating contact lens 1000 are smoothly formed. If the diagonal length of the outer surface of the transparent column 1100 is D _Outer and the diagonal length of the inner surface is D _Inner , then D _Outer > D _Inner .

As shown in FIG. 28B, the light passing through each transparent column 1100 that constitutes this transparent column assembly is configured to converge to a single point (convergence point). The convergence point where the light passing through each transparent column 1100 converges is located near the center of the crystalline lens 420 when this contact lens 1000 with collimation function is attached to the cornea 430.

The collimating contact lens 1000 is configured so that the radiation angle of light from each transparent pillar 1100 is within 5 degrees. As shown in Figures 28C and 28D, if the diagonal length of the transparent pillar 1100 is D, its length is L, and half the radiation angle is θ/2, then, for example, if D = 4 μm and L = 92 μm, then light with a radiation angle θ of within 5 degrees (±2.5 degrees) will pass through this collimating contact lens 1000.

The transparent material of the collimating contact lens 1000 is, for example, thermoplastic acrylic resin (PMMA) or polycarbonate (PC) resin, and the light absorbing film on the side of the transparent column 1100 can be made of a black color resist or a material made by mixing carbon black with thermoplastic resin.

To achieve a radiation angle of 5 degrees or less, the aspect ratio of the transparent column 1100 serving as the collimator must be increased to approximately 23 or more, and it is difficult to form them all at once. Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 29A, a flat and stretchable transparent layer 1200 is formed having a transparent column assembly consisting of transparent columns 1100 in the shape of a regular hexagonal column whose side walls are formed of a light absorbing film (not shown), and this is stacked in multiple layers (three layers in this example) as shown in FIG. 29B to form a thick film of a transparent column assembly having a collimating function of a sufficient thickness to keep the radiation angle within 5 degrees. The thick film is cut into a disk shape of an appropriate size for a contact lens, and is heated and molded to curve it. This state is shown in FIG. 29C. Through this process, the opening area of the transparent column assembly becomes a shape that is wide on the outside of the curved surface and narrow on the inside. The convergence point of the light passing through the transparent column assembly can be adjusted by the radius of curvature of the curve at this time. If the convergence point is to be near the center of the crystalline lens, the radius of curvature is set to approximately the distance between the surface of the cornea 430 and the center of the crystalline lens 420. If the curved shape of the thick film differs from the shape of the cornea 430, as shown in FIG. 29D, the excess portion of the inner curved surface of the thick film is ground to match the shape of the cornea 430. Grinding of the outer curved surface is not necessary if the curvature is the same as that of the cornea 430, but FIG. 29D shows the case where grinding of the outer curved surface has been performed. In this way, the collimating contact lens 1000 is manufactured. If necessary, the outer periphery of the collimating contact lens 1000 is chamfered as shown in FIG. 29E. The state in which the collimating contact lens 1000 shown in FIG. 29E is attached to the cornea 430 is shown in FIG. 30.

Figure 31 shows the appearance when the user wears the XR glasses main body 900 in front of the eye and the collimating contact lens 1000 is placed on the cornea 430 to form the XR glasses.

[Operation of XR Glasses]
As shown in Fig. 31, the light from the pixels of the translucent micro LED display 910 for XR glasses has a large radiation angle because there is no collimator, but when it enters the contact lens 1000 with collimation function, the radiation angle is substantially narrowed to within 5 degrees, so that the light from adjacent pixels is imaged on the retina without significantly mixing with each other. As shown in Fig. 32, even if the line of sight is directed downward and the eyeball 410 rotates, the light from the pixels of the translucent micro LED display 910 for XR glasses has a large radiation angle, and light with an angle that can enter the pupil is present in a wide range, so a wide eyebox can be maintained.

According to the XR glasses of the twelfth embodiment, even if a collimator-free translucent micro LED display 910 for XR glasses is used, the collimating contact lens 1000 can effectively narrow the light emission angle from the pixels to 5 degrees or less, making it possible to display images with sufficient resolution.

The above describes the embodiment of the present invention in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications based on the technical concept of the present invention are possible.

For example, the numerical values, configurations, shapes, materials, methods, etc. described in the above embodiments are merely examples, and different numerical values, configurations, shapes, materials, methods, etc. may be used as necessary.

10...wiring board, 20...pixel, 31...red light emitting micro LED, 32...green light emitting micro LED, 33...blue light emitting micro LED, 62...left eye, 200...frame, 200a...ear hook, 210...control circuit, 220...flexible wiring, 300...semi-transparent micro LED display, 500...vision correction lens, 600...external light blocking film, 701, 702, 703...light emitting part, 710...collimator, 800...display, 900...XR glasses main body, 910...semi-transparent micro LED display for XR glasses, 1000...contact lens with collimation function, 1100...transparent column

Claims (3)

A contact lens with a collimating function has an assembly of transparent pillars arranged in a plurality of rows, each of which acts as a collimator and has a radiation angle of 5 degrees or less and a transmittance of 50% or more for incident light , the light transmitted through each transparent pillar being converged to a convergence point , and when the contact lens is placed on the cornea, the convergence point is configured to be located near the center of the crystalline lens, and the contact lens has an overall shape curved into a bowl shape in accordance with the curvature of the surface of the cornea . The XR glasses use contact lenses with a collimating function, which have a transparent pillar assembly in which multiple transparent pillars are arranged as collimators, with a radiation angle of 5 degrees or less and a transmittance of 50% or more for incident light, and are configured so that light transmitted through each transparent pillar converges to a convergence point, and when the glasses are placed on the cornea, the convergence point is located near the center of the crystalline lens, and the glasses are configured so that the overall shape is curved like a bowl in accordance with the curvature of the surface of the cornea. an XR glasses main body having a left-eye display section and a right-eye display section each of which is made up of a translucent micro light-emitting diode display having a pixel array in which one pixel is formed by at least three or more sub-pixels and one or more micro light-emitting diodes included in each of the sub-pixels, the aperture ratio of the pixel being 10% or more;
a contact lens with a collimating function, the contact lens having a transparent column assembly in which a plurality of transparent columns are arranged as collimators, the transparent columns having a transmittance of 50% or more and a radiation angle of 5 degrees or less for light emitted from and incident on pixels of the left-eye display section and the right-eye display section, the light transmitted through each transparent column being converged to a convergence point, the contact lens being configured so that the convergence point is located near the center of the crystalline lens when the contact lens is attached to the cornea, and the contact lens having a shape curved into a bowl shape in accordance with the curvature of the surface of the cornea as a whole;
XR glasses having

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