JP7355551B2 - Control device, control method, and program - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a control device, a control method, and a program.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, an information providing device has been disclosed that provides information for reaching a destination to a passenger of an electric vehicle driven by electric energy supplied from a power storage device (for example, see Patent Document 1). This information providing device allows an electric vehicle to reach its destination from its current location while satisfying predetermined conditions based on the electric vehicle's current location, destination, and remaining amount of electrical energy stored in the power storage device. determine whether it is possible to do so. When the information providing device determines that the electric vehicle cannot reach the destination from the current location, the information providing device provides information regarding a rental car to which the electric vehicle can directly or indirectly transfer.

International Publication No. 2012/004898 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2013-15933

In the above system, no consideration is given to providing the power stored in the power storage device to the grid or storing the power of the grid in the power storage device.

The present invention has been made in consideration of such circumstances, and one of the objects is to provide a control device, a control method, and a program that can contribute to more appropriate energy management.

A control device, a control method, and a program according to the present invention employ the following configuration.
(1): The control device according to one aspect of the present invention includes a first acquisition unit that acquires a first index regarding the dischargeable power or chargeable power of batteries installed in one or more shared vehicles; , a second acquisition unit that acquires a second index including an index related to power demand or an index related to supply amount in a set specific region; The control device includes a control unit that supplies power to the battery of the one or more vehicles or discharges power stored in the battery based on two indicators.

(2): In the aspect of (1) above, when the one or more vehicles reserved for use in the usage schedule are used, the control unit determines that the amount of electric power stored in the battery of the vehicle is equal to or greater than a threshold value. The charging or discharging of the battery is controlled so that

(3): In the aspect of (2) above, the control unit may be configured to perform Determine the threshold.

(4): In the aspect of (2) above, the first acquisition unit acquires the first index from the vehicle parked in a parking space designated by an administrator who manages the shared vehicles.

(5): In the aspect of (4) above, the first acquisition unit further acquires the first index from the vehicle that is not parked in the parking space and is being used by a user, and the control unit: Electric power is supplied to the batteries of the one or more vehicles, or electric power stored in the batteries is discharged, taking into consideration the estimated first index when usage of the vehicle ends.

(6): In the aspect of (4) or (5) above, the vehicle parked in the parking space is electrically connected to a charging facility provided in the parking space, and the battery of the vehicle is charged in the charging facility. The battery can be charged by power supplied from a facility, or the battery can be discharged to the charging facility.

(7): In any of the aspects (1) to (6) above, the control unit stores surplus power in a specific area by charging the battery with power, and causes the battery to charge the battery with power. Supply and demand adjustment of the power system or frequency adjustment of the power system is performed by supplying the power to the power system.

(8): In any of the aspects (1) to (7) above, the control unit predicts a future reservation status of the vehicle, and further uses the prediction result to determine whether the battery of the one or more vehicles is supplying power to the battery or discharging the power stored in the battery.

(9): In the control method according to one aspect of the present invention, the computer acquires and sets a first index regarding the dischargeable power or chargeable power of the batteries installed in one or more shared vehicles. obtain a second index including an index related to the demand or an index related to the supply amount of electricity in the specified area, refer to the usage schedule of the one or more vehicles, and based on the first index and the second index, This is a control method for supplying power to the batteries of one or more vehicles or for discharging power stored in the batteries.

(10): A program according to one aspect of the present invention causes a computer to obtain a first index regarding dischargeable power or chargeable power of a battery installed in one or more shared vehicles, and sets the first index. obtain a second index including an index regarding the demand for electricity or an index regarding the supply amount in the specified area, refer to the usage schedule of the one or more vehicles, and based on the first index and the second index, This is a program for supplying power to the battery of the above vehicle or for discharging power stored in the battery.

According to (1) to (10), the control device contributes to more appropriate energy management by supplying power to the batteries of one or more shared vehicles or discharging the power stored in the batteries. be able to. Further, the control device can stabilize the frequency related to power in the power system by adjusting the supply and demand balance of the power system through the above-mentioned charging or discharging.

According to (2) or (3), the control device can improve convenience for the user by controlling the battery power amount to be equal to or greater than the threshold value when the vehicle is used.

According to (5), the control device supplies power to the batteries of one or more vehicles or discharges the power stored in the batteries, taking into consideration the estimated first indicator when the use of the vehicle ends. By doing so, it is possible to realize energy management that is more tailored to the usage status of the vehicle. As a result, the control device can realize more effective use of energy.

According to (8), the control device uses the future reservation status of the vehicle to supply power to the battery of one or more vehicles or discharge the power stored in the battery, thereby determining the future usage status of the vehicle. It is possible to realize energy management according to the

1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a power system 1. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a functional configuration of a vehicle M. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of a power management device 400. FIG. This is an example of the content of the usage schedule 482. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the contents of vehicle information 484. This is an example of the content of the supply and demand information 486. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of the contents of plan information 488. 3 is a flowchart (Part 1) showing an example of the flow of processing executed by the power management device 400. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of control results of a control unit 440. FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of changes over time in the amount of electric power stored in the battery 70 of the vehicle M. FIG. 12 is a flowchart (Part 2) illustrating an example of the flow of processing executed by the power management device 400. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a situation in which the demand and supply information of the prediction result deviates from real-time demand and supply information 486 by a predetermined degree or more. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of the contents of regenerated plan information 488. It is a figure showing an example of functional composition of power management device 400A of a 2nd embodiment. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a process in which an estimator 432 estimates electric energy. FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram of processing when plan information 488 is generated. It is a figure showing an example of generated plan information 488. 12 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the flow of processing executed by the power management device 400A of the second embodiment. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a process for specifying a target vehicle. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware configuration of a power management device 400 according to an embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of a control device, a control method, and a program according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

<First embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a power system 1. As shown in FIG. The power system 1 includes, for example, one or more supply sources 10, one or more supply destinations 20, one or more power adjustment units 30, one or more vehicles M (M1 to M3), and one or more charging facilities 100. (100-1 to 100-3), one or more vehicle management devices 200, one or more terminal devices 300, and a power management device 400. These functional configurations communicate via, for example, a network NW. The network NW includes, for example, a cellular network, a Wi-Fi network, Bluetooth (registered trademark), the Internet, a WAN (Wide Area Network), a LAN, a public line, a provider device, a private line, a wireless base station, and the like.

The power adjustment unit 30 and the supply source 10, the supply destination 20, or the charging facility 100 are connected via a power line. Further, the supply source 10, the supply destination 20, the power adjustment unit 30, or the charging facility 100 may be interconnected to a power system (not shown) including a commercial power grid.

The supply source 10 includes, for example, a power generation device that generates power using natural energy or the like. The supply source 10 supplies the generated power to the power adjustment section 30. A power generation device is a power generation device installed in a home, a factory, a power plant, etc. The supply destination 20 is, for example, a consumer who uses electricity. The supply destination 20 receives power via the power adjustment unit 30, for example.

The power adjustment unit 30 adjusts the destination of the supplied power. The power adjustment unit 30 provides the power supplied by the supply source 10 or the power supplied by the charging facility 100 to the supply destination 20, or provides the power provided by the supply source 10 to the charging facility 100. Furthermore, the power adjustment unit 30 supplies the power supplied by the charging facility 100 to the supply destination 20 . The power adjustment unit 30 determines a power supply destination based on instructions from the power management device 400.

[vehicle]
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the vehicle M. Vehicle M is a vehicle that is shared by users U. The vehicle M is a vehicle used for so-called car sharing or a rental car. Vehicle M is, for example, a vehicle that travels by applying driving force from a motor 80 to drive wheels. Vehicle M is, for example, an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle including an engine and a motor.

Vehicle M includes, for example, a processing device 50, a vehicle control device 60, a battery 70, a motor 80, and a PCU (Power Control Unit) 90. The processing device 50 discharges the power stored in the battery 70 or causes the battery 70 to store the power supplied by the charging facility 100 based on instructions from the charging facility 100 . Motor 80 is driven using power supplied by battery 70.

Under the control of vehicle control device 60, PCU 90 converts DC power supplied from battery 70 into AC power, and supplies the converted power to motor 80. Furthermore, under the control of the vehicle control device 60, the PCU 90 converts the DC power supplied by the charging facility 100 into DC power in a form that allows the battery 70 to be charged. Further, the PCU 90 converts the DC power discharged by the battery 70 into DC power that the charging facility 100 receives.

Note that the vehicle M may be an automatic driving vehicle. In this case, the vehicle control device 60 automatically steers or controls the vehicle based on the environment around the vehicle M that is recognized based on the detection results of each detection function unit (not shown) included in the vehicle M, for example. The vehicle is controlled by controlling one or both of the decelerations.

[Charging facility]
Returning to the explanation of FIG. The charging facility 100 is provided, for example, in a parking space designated by an administrator who manages the vehicle M. When the PCU 90 of the parked vehicle and the charging facility 100 provided in the parking space are electrically connected, the battery 70 of the vehicle M can be charged with the power supplied from the charging facility 100 or the battery 70 can be charged with respect to the charging facility 100. The power of the battery 70 can be discharged.

Charging facility 100 includes a communication section and a control section (not shown). The communication unit communicates with the power management device 400, for example. The control unit supplies power to the battery 70 of the vehicle M based on the instruction transmitted by the power management device 400. The control unit outputs the power supplied to the battery 70 of the vehicle M to the power adjustment unit 30 based on the instruction transmitted by the power management device 400.

For example, the control unit may issue an instruction from the power management device 400 to output the power stored in the battery 70 of the vehicle M to the power adjustment unit 30 in a state where power can be exchanged between the vehicle M and the charging facility 100. If acquired, it communicates with the vehicle M and supplies the power stored in the battery 70 of the vehicle M to the power adjustment unit 30 . Thereby, the vehicle M and the charging facility 100 can cooperate to provide the power stored in the battery 70 to the power adjustment unit 30. Further, when supplying power to the battery 70 of the vehicle M in a state where power can be exchanged between the vehicle M and the charging facility 100, the control unit cooperates with the vehicle M to transfer power from the charging facility 100 to the battery 70 of the vehicle M. Power is supplied to the battery 70. Note that communication between vehicle M and charging facility 100 may be wireless communication or communication using a power line (PLC; Power Line Communications).

Furthermore, charging facility 100 may be controlled based on instructions obtained from vehicle M. In this case, vehicle M controls charging facility 100 to charge power to battery 70 or to supply power from battery 70 to charging facility 100 based on instructions obtained from power management device 400 .

[Vehicle management device]
The vehicle management device 200 makes a reservation for the use of the vehicle M in response to a user U's request. For example, the user U operates the terminal device 300 to make a reservation for the use of the vehicle M. For example, the user U specifies the type of vehicle M, the parking position, etc., selects the vehicle M, and further specifies the usage time period. When the vehicle management device 200 makes a reservation for the use of the vehicle M, the user U can use the specified vehicle M during the specified use time slot. After using the vehicle M, the user U parks the vehicle M at a designated position and returns the vehicle M. After the vehicle M is returned, the vehicle management device 200 derives the usage fee for the vehicle M and performs payment.

[Terminal device]
The terminal device 300 is, for example, a terminal device that the user U can carry, such as a smartphone, a tablet terminal, or a personal computer. The terminal device 300 is realized, for example, by a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) executing a program (software) stored in a storage device. Some or all of the functions executed by the terminal device 300 may be realized by hardware such as LSI (Large Scale Integration), ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array). It may also be realized by cooperation of software and hardware. The above program is, for example, an application program provided by an application server device that provides application programs and installed on the terminal device 300.

[Power management device]
Power management device 400 transmits an instruction to supply vehicle M with the power provided by supply source 10 to power adjustment unit 30 and charging facility 100. Power management device 400 transmits an instruction to supply power stored in battery 70 of vehicle M to supply destination 20 to power adjustment unit 30 and charging facility 100 .

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of the functional configuration of the power management device 400. The power management device 400 includes, for example, a communication section 410, an acquisition section 420, a planning section 430, a control section 440, and a storage section 480. The acquisition unit 420, the planning unit 430, and the control unit 440 are realized, for example, by a processor such as a CPU executing a program (software) stored in a storage device. Some or all of these functional units may be realized by hardware such as LSI, ASIC, or FPGA, or may be realized by cooperation between software and hardware.

The storage unit 480 stores, for example, usage schedule 482, vehicle information 484, supply and demand information 486, and plan information 488. This information will be described later.

The communication unit 410 is a communication interface for communicating with other devices via the network NW. The communication unit 410 acquires information transmitted from, for example, the supply source 10, the supply destination 20, the power adjustment unit 30, the charging facility 100, the vehicle management device 200, the terminal device 300, and the like.

The acquisition unit 420 includes, for example, a first acquisition unit 422 and a second acquisition unit 424. The first acquisition unit 422 acquires a first index regarding the dischargeable power or chargeable power of the battery (battery 70) mounted on one or more shared vehicles M. The "first index" is, for example, one or more indexes indicating the amount of power needed to fully charge the battery 70 and the amount of power currently stored in the battery 70. The "first index" is, for example, an index for specifying the specifications (for example, rated capacity) of the battery 70 and a value indicating the degree of charge (for example, SOC: Storage Of Charge). Among these, the specifications of the battery 70 may be stored in the storage unit 480.

The first acquisition unit 422 acquires the first index from the vehicle M parked in the parking space designated by the administrator who manages the shared vehicle M. Further, the first acquisition unit 422 may acquire the first index from a vehicle M that is not parked in a parking space and is being used by a user.

The second acquisition unit 424 acquires a second index including an index regarding the demand or an index regarding the supply amount of electricity in the set specific region. The "secondary index" is one or more indicators for specifying, for example, the amount of electricity demanded by consumers in a specific area or the amount of electricity supplied by a facility (power plant or transformer station) that supplies electricity to a specific area. be. The second index may be the amount of power that the battery 70 should discharge (for example, the amount of power per unit time) or the amount of power that the battery 70 should be charged with.

The planning unit 430 generates plan information 488 by referring to the usage schedule 482, vehicle information 484, and supply and demand information 486. The control unit 440 refers to the usage schedule 482 of the one or more vehicles M, and supplies power to the battery 70 of the one or more vehicles M or uses the power stored in the battery 70 based on the first index and the second index. Let it discharge. The control unit 440 causes the battery 70 of the vehicle M to discharge the electric power stored in the battery 70 of the vehicle M or to charge the battery 70 of the vehicle M with electric power based on the plan information 488 generated by the planning unit 430. The control unit 440 stores surplus power in a specific region by charging the battery 70 with power, and controls the supply and demand of the power system or adjusts the supply and demand of the power system by having the battery 70 supply the power of the battery 70 to the power system of the specific region. Perform frequency adjustment to stabilize the frequency. Details of the processing by the planning unit 430 and the control unit 440 will be described later.

FIG. 4 shows an example of the contents of the usage schedule 482. The usage schedule 482 is information provided by the vehicle management device 200. The usage schedule 482 is, for example, information in which vehicle identification information (vehicle ID), user identification information (user ID), reservation time slot, and vehicle usage mode are associated with each other. The usage mode is, for example, information such as the purpose of using the vehicle (shopping, travel), destination, and the like. Further, the usage mode may include information for estimating the expected travel distance and the amount of power (also SOC) of the battery 70 when the vehicle M is returned. Further, the usage schedule 482 may include the location of the parking lot where the vehicle M is scheduled to be returned.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the contents of the vehicle information 484. Vehicle information 484 is information provided to vehicle M. The vehicle information 484 is, for example, information indicating the amount of power stored in the battery 70 of each vehicle M (an example of a "first index"). Further, the vehicle information 484 may include the position information of the vehicle M, the driving state, and the like.

FIG. 6 is an example of the content of the supply and demand information 486. The supply and demand information 486 is information indicating the amount of power that can be supplied to a specific region under the jurisdiction of the power management device 400 or the amount of power demanded in the specific region. For example, the power management device 400 acquires the amount of power that can be supplied to a specific area based on the amount of power supplied (for example, the amount of power generation) provided by the supply source 10. Further, for example, the planning unit 430 of the power management device 400 obtains the amount of power demanded in a specific area based on the amount of power used provided by the supply destination 20. The planning unit 430 communicates with a power meter (so-called smart meter) provided at the supply source 10 or the supply destination 20, and obtains the amount of power supplied or the usage fee for power.

The planning unit 430 may also predict future power usage based on past power usage in a specific area, and use the prediction results for various processes. Furthermore, the planning unit 430 may predict the amount of power supplied based on the past amount of power supplied by the supply source 10, and use the prediction result for various processes. In addition, the planning unit 430 may predict the amount of power used or supplied by taking into consideration the weather, season, temperature, etc. when making the above prediction.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the contents of the plan information 488. This is a charging or discharging plan for each vehicle M. For example, the planning unit 430 generates the plan information 488 by referring to the usage schedule 482, the vehicle information 484, and the supply and demand information 486. For example, as shown in FIG. 6 described above, if the supply amount is greater than the demand amount in the supply and demand information 486 at time T, the planning unit 430 refers to the vehicle information 484 to include the battery 70 that can be charged at time T1. The vehicle M is identified, and a plan for charging the battery 70 of the identified vehicle M is generated.

The planning unit 430 charges or charges the battery 70 so that the amount of electric power stored in the battery 70 of the vehicle M becomes equal to or greater than a threshold value when one or more vehicles M whose usage is reserved in the usage schedule 482 is used. Generate a plan for the discharge to be controlled. The above threshold value may be determined based on the length of the reserved time period of one or more vehicles M whose use is reserved in the usage schedule 482 or the usage mode of the vehicle M. The longer the reservation time slot is, or the longer the distance traveled by vehicle M is estimated to be, the higher the threshold value is set.

The vehicle M having a rechargeable battery 70 is a vehicle that has not been reserved for use within a predetermined time from time T1, and has a battery 70 whose charge amount is equal to or less than a first predetermined value.

For example, if the demand amount is greater than the supply amount in the supply and demand information 486 at time T2 after time T1, the planning unit 430 refers to the vehicle information 484 to identify a vehicle M having a battery 70 that can be discharged at time T2. , generates a plan for discharging the battery 70 of the specified vehicle M. The vehicle M having a dischargeable battery 70 is a vehicle that has not been reserved for use within a predetermined time from time T2, and has a battery 70 whose charge amount is equal to or higher than a second predetermined value.

Furthermore, the planning unit 430 may generate a future plan based on the predicted future supply amount and demand amount. For example, at time T1, a plan for time T2 or time T3 may be generated.

[flowchart]
FIG. 8 is a flowchart (Part 1) showing an example of the flow of processing executed by the power management device 400. For example, this process is executed at predetermined time intervals. First, the planning unit 430 refers to the usage schedule 482 and extracts a target vehicle (step S100). Next, the planning unit 430 acquires the supply and demand information 486 (step S102), and refers to the acquired supply and demand information 486 to determine whether the demand quantity is larger than the supply quantity (step S104).

If the demand amount is greater than the supply amount, the planning unit 430 generates a plan for discharging the battery 70 (step S106). If the demand amount is not greater than the supply amount (if the supply amount is greater than the demand amount), the planning unit 430 generates a plan for charging the battery 70 (step S108). The plan generated in step S106 or step S108 is an example of plan information 488. This completes the processing of one routine in this flowchart.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of control results of the control unit 440. The vertical axis in FIG. 9 indicates the amount of electric power, and the horizontal axis in FIG. 9 indicates time. For example, if the supply amount is larger than the demand amount as shown in F1 in FIG. power supply is insufficient. As described above, in the power system of the comparative example, even when there is surplus power or a shortage of supplied power, these situations are not taken into account regarding charging or discharging of the battery 70 of the vehicle M.

On the other hand, in the power system 1 of the present embodiment, the power management device 400 stores surplus power in the battery 70 or supplements insufficient supplied power with the power of the battery 70, thereby providing more appropriate energy. Able to contribute to management. Furthermore, by adjusting the supply and demand balance of the power system through the above-mentioned charging or discharging, the frequency related to electric power in the power system is stabilized.

For example, when the power management device 400 executes the above-described control, the occurrence of surplus power and insufficient power supply as shown in F2 in FIG. 9 is corrected. For example, as shown in F2 of FIG. 9, when the power charged to the battery 70 and the power discharged by the battery 70 are taken into account, the amount of power supplied and the amount of charge in the specific area match.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of changes over time in the amount of electric power stored in the battery 70 of the vehicle M. The vertical axis in FIG. 10 indicates electric energy, and the horizontal axis in FIG. 10 indicates time. Unlike the battery 70 in the power system of the present embodiment, the battery of the vehicle M included in the power system of the comparative example is not controlled in discharging or charging by the power management device 400. The power stored in 70 is maintained constant, or charging is started at a set time.

On the other hand, as shown in F4 of FIG. 10, the power system 1 of the present embodiment provides that the charge amount of the battery 70 is equal to or higher than the threshold value at the usage start time, and until then, the The battery 70 is charged or discharged based on the local power demand or supply. As a result, the power system 1 can contribute to more appropriate energy management while maintaining user convenience.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart (part 2) illustrating an example of the flow of processing executed by the power management device 400. This process is executed at predetermined intervals. For example, this process is a process executed when the planning unit 430 predicts the future power demand or supply of the battery 70 and generates future charging or discharging plan information 488 based on the prediction result. It is. For example, if the demand or supply amount of power is monitored in real time and the charging or discharging of power is controlled based on the monitoring results, this process may be omitted.

First, the control unit 440 transmits an instruction to charge the battery 70 with power or an instruction to discharge the power of the battery 70 to the charging facility 100 based on the plan information 488 (step S200). Next, the planning unit 430 acquires the supply and demand information 486 a predetermined time after the instruction in step S200 is transmitted (step S202), and combines the prediction result used to generate the planning information 488 and the acquired real-time supply and demand information. By comparing the information 486, it is determined whether the forecast result demand and supply information deviates from the real time demand and supply information 486 by a predetermined degree or more (step S204).

If the demand and supply information of the prediction result does not deviate from the real-time supply and demand information 486 by a predetermined degree or more, the processing of one routine in this flowchart is completed. If the demand and supply information of the prediction result deviates from the real-time supply and demand information 486 by a predetermined degree or more, the planning unit 430 regenerates the plan information 488 (step S206).

FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining a situation in which the demand and supply information of the prediction result deviates from the real-time demand and supply information 486 by a predetermined degree or more. The vertical axis in FIG. 12 indicates the amount of power, and the horizontal axis in FIG. 12 indicates time. For example, the predicted demand for electricity used by the planning unit 430 to generate the plan information 488 and the actual demand begin to differ at time t, and at time t+1, the predicted demand and the actual demand begin to differ. It is assumed that the demand quantity deviates by a predetermined degree or more. For example, it is assumed that the actual demand quantity is smaller than the predicted demand quantity by a predetermined degree or more.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 13, the planning unit 430 regenerates the planning information 488. FIG. 13 will be described with a focus on the differences from FIG. 10. At time t+1, for example, as shown in FIG. 12, since surplus power is generated between the real-time power demand and supply, the planning unit 430 starts the battery 70 in order to effectively utilize the surplus power. Generate rescheduling to keep your batteries charged. That is, the planning unit 430 modifies the plan to stop charging at time t+1 to a plan to maintain charging.

As described above, even if the planning unit 430 generates the planning information 488 based on the result of predicting the demand and supply amount of electricity, the plan information 488 is generated based on the real-time demand and supply amount of electricity. By regenerating the plan information 488, it is possible to perform energy management more suited to the actual situation.

In addition, in the above example, the case where the amount of electricity demanded deviates from the prediction was explained, but even if the amount of electricity supplied deviates from the prediction, the plan information 488 can be used to re-plan based on the same idea. may be done.

According to the first embodiment described above, the power charging facility 100 refers to the usage schedule 482 of one or more vehicles M, and determines the battery 70 of one or more vehicles M based on the first index and the second index. By supplying power to the battery 70 or discharging the power stored in the battery 70, it is possible to contribute to more appropriate energy management.

<Second embodiment>
The second embodiment will be described below. The power management device of the second embodiment estimates the amount of power of the battery 70 of the vehicle M after the user uses the vehicle M, and generates plan information 488 using the estimation result. Hereinafter, differences from the first embodiment will be mainly explained.

The first acquisition unit 422 acquires a first index from a vehicle M that is not parked in a parking space and is being used by a user. The control unit 440 supplies power to the batteries 70 of one or more vehicles M or discharges the power stored in the batteries 70, taking into account the estimated first index when the use of the vehicle M ends.

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of the functional configuration of a power management device 400A according to the second embodiment. The power management device 400A includes a planning section 430A instead of the planning section 430 of the power management device 400. The planning unit 430A includes an estimating unit 432. The estimation unit 432 estimates, for example, the amount of power of the battery 70 after the user uses the vehicle M (hereinafter referred to as the amount of power after use).

FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining the process by which the estimation unit 432 estimates the amount of power. For example, the estimating unit 432 refers to the vehicle information 484 and estimates the amount of used electric power. For example, the estimating unit 432 estimates the route from the current position of the vehicle M to the scheduled return position P, and derives the distance to reach the scheduled return position P when driving on the estimated route. do. The estimation unit 432 estimates the amount of power after use based on the derived distance and the current amount of power of the battery 70. For example, this estimation is preferably performed a predetermined time (several tens of minutes to several hours) before the user finishes using the vehicle M.

The planning unit 430A generates planning information 488 based on the estimation result of the estimation unit 432. FIG. 16 is a conceptual diagram of the process when the plan information 488 is generated. For example, assume that the amount of power supplied is greater than the amount of demand at time T1 and time T2. Assume that at time T1, the batteries 70 of vehicles M (001) to M (003) are being charged at the charging facility 100, and vehicle M (004) is being used by the user. For example, the estimating unit 432 calculates, based on the vehicle information 484 acquired from the vehicle M (004) and the scheduled return position of the vehicle M (004), after the use of the vehicle M (004) at time T2. Estimate power consumption.

For example, at time T2, the planning unit 430 determines that the electric energy of the battery 70 of vehicles M (001) to vehicle M (003) is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, and that the electric energy of the battery 70 of vehicle M (004) is less than a predetermined value. If it is estimated that, at time T2, plan information 488 is generated for charging the battery 70 of vehicle M (004) from vehicle M (001) without charging the battery 70 of vehicle M (003). do. FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example of the generated plan information 488.

[flowchart]
FIG. 18 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the flow of processing executed by the power management device 400A of the second embodiment. First, the planning unit 430 refers to the usage schedule 482 and extracts a target vehicle (step S300). Next, the planning unit 430 includes, in addition to the vehicles extracted in step S300, vehicle M scheduled to be returned to the return location after a predetermined time (vehicle scheduled to be returned) as target vehicles (step S302). Next, the planning unit 430 acquires the supply and demand information 486 (step S304), and refers to the acquired supply and demand information 486 to determine whether the demand quantity is greater than the supply quantity (step S306).

If the demand amount is greater than the supply amount, the planning unit 430 generates a plan for discharging the battery 70 (step S308). For example, the planning unit 430 generates a discharge plan excluding the scheduled return vehicle at a time before the return of the scheduled return vehicle, and generates a discharge plan including the returned vehicle at a time after the scheduled return vehicle is returned. do.

If the demand amount is not greater than the supply amount (if the supply amount is greater than the demand amount), the planning unit 430 generates a plan for charging the battery 70 (step S310). For example, the planning unit 430 generates a charging plan excluding the scheduled return vehicle at a time before the scheduled return vehicle is returned, and generates a charging plan including the returned vehicle at the time after the scheduled return vehicle is returned. do.
The plan generated in step S308 or step S310 is an example of plan information 488. This completes the processing of one routine in this flowchart.

As described above, the power management device 400A can generate the plan information 488 by taking into consideration the amount of power of the battery 70 of the vehicle M used by the user. As a result, the power management device 400A can generate plan information 488 that is more responsive to the usage status of the vehicle M. As a result, the power management device 400A can contribute to more appropriate energy management.

According to the second embodiment described above, the power management device 400 takes into account the estimated first index when the use of the vehicle M ends, and supplies or supplies power to the battery 70 of one or more vehicles M. By discharging the electric power stored in the battery 70, energy management suitable for the usage status of the vehicle M can be realized.

<Third embodiment>
The third embodiment will be described below. In the third embodiment, the power management device 400 predicts the future reservation status of the vehicle M when identifying a vehicle to charge or discharge the battery 70, and identifies the vehicle M based on the prediction result. do. Hereinafter, differences from the first embodiment will be mainly explained.

The power management device 400 predicts the future reservation status of the vehicle M, further uses the prediction result to supply power to the battery 70 of one or more vehicles M, or discharges the power stored in the battery 70.

FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining a process for identifying a target vehicle. The vertical axis in FIG. 19 indicates the number of vehicles M, and the horizontal axis in FIG. 19 indicates time. First, a case will be described in which power charging or discharging is managed in real time (after a predetermined time). For example, at time T+1, the planning unit 430 specifies, as the target vehicle, a vehicle M that is obtained by subtracting a reserved vehicle and a spare vehicle from among the vehicles M managed by the power management device 400. The power management device 400 then controls charging or discharging of the battery 70 of the specified vehicle M.

A case will be described in which a plan regarding future power charging or discharging is generated. For example, when a plan for time T+n is generated, the planning unit 430 predicts the reservation status at time T+n (future after a predetermined time). For example, the planning unit 430 predicts the reservation status at time T+n based on past reservation status, prediction results derived by a predetermined algorithm, etc., and manages the reservation status of vehicles M managed by the power management device 400. A vehicle M obtained by subtracting a vehicle predicted to be reserved, a vehicle actually reserved, and a spare vehicle from the vehicle is specified as a target vehicle. The power management device 400 then controls charging or discharging of the battery 70 of the specified vehicle M.

As described above, the planning unit 430 predicts the vehicle M to be reserved and uses the prediction result to control charging or discharging of the battery 70 of the vehicle M, thereby improving convenience for the user and making it more convenient for the user. It can contribute to appropriate energy management.

According to the third embodiment described above, the power management device 400 supplies power to the battery 70 of one or more vehicles M or discharges power stored in the battery 70 using the future reservation status of the vehicle M. By doing so, more appropriate energy management can be realized by performing current energy management in anticipation of the future usage status of vehicle M.

Note that the processes of the first embodiment to the third embodiment may be implemented in any combination. For example, power management device 400 may control charging or discharging of battery 70 of vehicle M based on the amount of power of vehicle M after use and vehicles predicted to be reserved in the future. For example, in the example of FIG. 19, when charging the battery 70 of vehicle M with surplus current at time T+n, vehicle M to be returned at time T+n is included in the target vehicle for charging, and the vehicle predicted to be reserved is included in the vehicle to be controlled. The vehicle to be charged is determined by excluding the vehicle from the vehicle list.

[Hardware configuration]
FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of the power management device 400 according to the embodiment. As shown in the figure, the power management device 400 includes a communication controller 400-1, a CPU 400-2, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 400-3 used as a working memory, and a ROM (Read Only Memory) 400 that stores a boot program and the like. -4, a storage device 400-5 such as a flash memory or an HDD (Hard Disk Drive), a drive device 400-6, etc. are interconnected by an internal bus or a dedicated communication line. Communication controller 400-1 communicates with components other than power management device 400. A program 400-5a executed by the CPU 400-2 is stored in the storage device 400-5. This program is expanded into the RAM 400-3 by a DMA (Direct Memory Access) controller (not shown) or the like, and executed by the CPU 400-2. As a result, some or all of the acquisition unit 420, the planning unit 430, and the control unit 440 are realized.

The embodiment described above can be expressed as follows.
a storage device that stores the program;
comprising a hardware processor;
By the hardware processor executing a program stored in the storage device,
Obtaining a first index regarding the dischargeable power or chargeable power of batteries installed in one or more shared vehicles;
Obtaining a second index including an index regarding electricity demand or an index regarding supply amount in a set specific area,
supplying power to the battery of the one or more vehicles or discharging the power stored in the battery based on the first index and the second index with reference to the usage schedule of the one or more vehicles;
Control device.

Although the mode for implementing the present invention has been described above using embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments in any way, and various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. can be added.

1‥Power system, 400‥Power management device, 400A‥Power management device, 410‥Communication department,
420... Acquisition unit, 422... First acquisition unit, 424... Second acquisition unit, 430... Planning unit, 430A... Planning unit, 440... Control unit, 480... Storage unit, 482... Usage schedule, 484... Vehicle information, 486 ‥Demand and supply information, 488‥Planning information, M‥Vehicle

Claims (8)

a first acquisition unit that acquires a first index regarding electric power that can be discharged or electric power that can be charged by batteries installed in a plurality of shared vehicles or rental cars;
a second acquisition unit that acquires a second index including an index regarding electricity demand or an index regarding supply amount in a set specific area;
a control unit that refers to usage schedules of the plurality of vehicles and supplies power to the batteries of the plurality of vehicles or discharges power stored in the batteries based on the first index and the second index; Equipped with
The control unit includes:
When the vehicle reserved for use in the usage schedule is used, controlling charging or discharging of the battery so that the amount of electric power stored in the battery of the vehicle becomes equal to or higher than a threshold value;
determining the threshold value based on the purpose of use of the target vehicle intended by the user who has reserved the target vehicle in the usage schedule;
The future reservation status of the vehicle is predicted from the past reservation status, and among the plurality of vehicles, reserved vehicles, spare vehicles, and vehicles predicted to be reserved are subtracted. specifying and supplying power to the battery of the specified target vehicle or discharging the power stored in the battery;
Control device. The first acquisition unit acquires the first index from the vehicle parked in a parking space designated by an administrator who manages the shared vehicles.
The control device according to claim 1. The first acquisition unit further acquires the first index from the vehicle that is not parked in the parking space and is being used by a user,
The control unit supplies power to the batteries of the plurality of vehicles or discharges power stored in the batteries, taking into account the first index estimated when the use of the vehicle ends.
The control device according to claim 2. The vehicle parked in the parking space is electrically connected to a charging facility provided in the parking space, and the battery of the vehicle is chargeable with electric power supplied from the charging facility or is connected to the charging facility. the battery is capable of discharging power;
The control device according to claim 2 or 3. The control unit includes:
storing surplus power in a specific area by charging the battery with power;
Adjusting the supply and demand of the power system or adjusting the frequency of the power system by causing the battery to supply power from the battery to the power system;
The control device according to any one of claims 1 to 4. further comprising an estimation section;
The first acquisition unit further acquires the first index from the vehicle that is not parked in a parking space designated by an administrator who manages the shared vehicles and is being used by a user;
The estimation unit estimates a route from the first index and the current position of the vehicle to the scheduled return position of the vehicle, and when the vehicle reaches the scheduled return position when traveling on the estimated route. estimating the first index based on the amount of power of the battery of the vehicle;
The control unit supplies power to the batteries of the plurality of vehicles or discharges power stored in the batteries, taking the estimated first index into consideration.
The control device according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The computer is
Obtaining a first index regarding the dischargeable power or chargeable power of batteries installed in a plurality of shared vehicles or rental cars,
Obtaining a second index including an index regarding electricity demand or an index regarding supply amount in a set specific area,
supplying power to the batteries of the plurality of vehicles or discharging the power stored in the batteries based on the first index and the second index with reference to the usage schedule of the plurality of vehicles;
When the vehicle reserved for use in the usage schedule is used, controlling charging or discharging of the battery so that the amount of electric power stored in the battery of the vehicle becomes equal to or higher than a threshold value;
determining the threshold value based on the purpose of use of the target vehicle intended by the user who has reserved the target vehicle in the usage schedule;
The future reservation status of the vehicle is predicted from the past reservation status, and among the plurality of vehicles, reserved vehicles, spare vehicles, and vehicles predicted to be reserved are subtracted. specifying and supplying power to the battery of the specified target vehicle or discharging the power stored in the battery;
Control method. to the computer,
Obtaining a first index regarding the dischargeable power or chargeable power of batteries installed in a plurality of shared vehicles or rental cars,
Obtaining a second index including an index regarding the demand or an index regarding the supply amount of electricity in the set specific area,
supplying power to the batteries of the plurality of vehicles or discharging the power stored in the batteries based on the first index and the second index with reference to the usage schedule of the plurality of vehicles;
When the vehicle reserved for use in the usage schedule is used, charging or discharging of the battery is controlled so that the amount of electric power stored in the battery of the vehicle becomes equal to or higher than a threshold value;
determining the threshold value based on the purpose of use of the target vehicle intended by a user who has reserved the use of the target vehicle in the usage schedule ;
Predict the future reservation status of the vehicle from the past reservation status, and target vehicles by subtracting reserved vehicles, spare vehicles, and vehicles predicted to be reserved among the plurality of vehicles. specifying and supplying power to the battery of the specified target vehicle or discharging the power stored in the battery;
program.

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