JP7239678B2 - drilling equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present application belongs to the technical field of petroleum downhole equipment and, in particular, to a downhole pulse signal generator, a method of transmitting pressure pulses, a drill coller and drilling equipment.

In oil field drilling, especially in the process of drilling wells with complex structures and special processes, such as large sloping wells, horizontal wells, and multi-branch wells, the operators need to adjust various process parameters in the well in real time. It is necessary to grasp, monitor the drilling trajectory, adjust and optimize the drilling parameters in a timely manner, and modify the drilling trajectory to achieve the purpose of drilling safely and efficiently. The speed, accuracy, etc. of transmission are important influencing factors in drilling operations.

In-drilling measurement and in-drilling logging refer to measuring and transmitting information downhole to the ground by measuring instruments near the bit during drilling. In-drilling measurements and in-drilling logging techniques, e.g., bit rotational moment, torque, drill pressure, well tilt, azimuth, tool face angle, axial tension, three-phase acceleration, formation rock physics Information that is difficult to measure on the ground can be obtained, such as parameters, gamma rays that reflect the properties of strata, and resistivity. Through the measurement while drilling and logging technology while drilling, the information can be obtained in real time, and through the ground software system of the measurement while drilling, data processing is performed on this information so that the operating personnel can Grasping the working condition of the bit, realizing the structure and simulation of the bottom layer during drilling, completing the evaluation of the stratum, and realizing the efficient advancement of the bit in the natural gas reservoir.

With the development of in-drilling measurement and in-drilling logging technology, a variety of in-drilling logging equipment such as azimuth lateral resistivity imaging type in-drilling logging equipment and gamma imaging type in-drilling logging equipment have been introduced one after another. The accuracy of measurement and logging technology during drilling depends on the truthfulness and speed of underground information. reception, signal processing and decoding. Underground information transmission can be divided into two methods: wired transmission and wireless transmission. At present, wireless transmission is widely used due to its less restrictions during underground work.

Conventional wireless transmission methods are divided into transmission by sound waves, electromagnetic waves, and slurry pulses, depending on the difference in transmission path and transmission medium. Among them, the sound wave transmission technology is still in the experimental research stage because the problems such as noise and attenuation have not been solved yet, and the electromagnetic wave transmission technology is greatly affected by the depth of the well and the geological conditions, and the range of application is limited. , Slurry pulse transmission technology is generated by slurry pulse generator, and currently has wide commercial application.

Slurry pulse transmission method is divided into negative pulse, positive pulse and continuous wave signal transmission according to slurry pulse type. Among them, the negative pulse signal generator has the drawbacks of pollution, low signal speed and large energy loss. The positive pulse slurry signal generator is widely applied at present, and usually implements the slurry pulse signal uploading by the principle of controlling the mushroom tip to block the slurry passage, and its transmission rate is generally 0.5. Lower than 5-5 bit/s, it can not meet the requirement that multiple sets of drilling measurement parameters and logging parameters are simultaneously uploaded in real time. In addition, the negative pulse transmission and the positive pulse belong to the baseband transmission, the transmission speed is low, the reliability is poor, and the error code is easily generated due to interference. Continuous wave signal transmission belongs to band transmission, and compared with negative pulse and positive pulse transmission, continuous wave signal transmission has the advantages of faster transmission speed, higher reliability and stronger resistance to interference. Continuous wave signal transmission has good application prospects.

The continuous wave signal generator controls the rotor of the rotary valve through the motor to move according to a certain rule to change the flow area of the slurry liquid, and different drilling liquid flow areas generate drilling liquid pressure signals with different widths. and use the pressure signal of the drilling fluid to realize the transmission of downhole data. Specifically, by controlling the operation mode of the rotor, it is possible to realize the variation of the width value, frequency and phase of the sinusoidal pressure wave signal of the slurry drilling fluid, thereby modulating the measurement data during drilling. The data transmission rate of the continuous wave signal generator is faster than that of the slurry negative pulse generator and the slurry positive pulse generator, and can reach as high as 40 bit/s.

Depending on the motion method of the rotor of the rotary valve, it is classified into a swing shear valve type continuous signal generator and a continuous rotary valve type continuous wave signal generator. Both swing shear valve continuous signal generators and continuous rotary valve continuous wave signal generators face a set of common challenges. First, there is the motor control problem. The motor is a drive source for the rotor, and its control accuracy has a great influence on signal generation. Therefore, the requirements for the control accuracy of the motor are very high, and the working environment in the mine is relatively poor, so the motor must have the characteristics of high temperature resistance and flash resistance. Moreover, during actual work, the motor is affected by hydraulic shock, and the load is a varying and indefinite amount. A difficult problem is how to improve the control accuracy of the motor, and it is technically not easy to achieve. Especially for the swing shear valve type continuous signal generator, it is necessary to control the continuous forward and reverse of the motor, the requirements on the motor are high, and when the rotor encounters a large resistance, the motor will may not rotate to Next, there is the problem of system power consumption. That is, in the process of the motor driving the motion of the rotor, it is necessary to overcome the water moment of the load, and at the same time generate a high-frequency vibration signal, so the power consumption of the system is very large. The unknown perturbation due to hydraulic torque also seriously affects the running performance of the motor. Furthermore, the downhole temperature increases with increasing well depth, and any potential change in temperature will cause a change in the control parameters of the motor.

Patent document US20180291733A1 discloses a device for generating low frequency pressure pulses downhole, the device comprising a housing and a rotary valve provided in the housing, said rotary valve comprising a first a valve portion and a second valve portion, the first valve portion being rotatably driven by a first turbine and the second valve portion being rotatably driven by a second turbine, the first and second turbines being , have the same emissions-rotation characteristics, i.e. the slopes of the emissions-rotations curves of said first and second turbines are equal, whereby said first and second valve parts are different Although it can rotate at high speed, a stable fixed frequency can be obtained, thus realizing stable transmission of the pulse signal. However, in the drilling process, as the depth of the well increases, the drilling work situation becomes more and more complicated, and the underground data to be measured increases. It is also necessary to measure data such as pressure, torque, well diameter expansion rate, dielectric constant, etc. The amount of data transmission is closely related to the signal frequency, and the pressure pulse device described in the above patent document generates is a fixed value frequency, so different well depths cannot meet the requirement for data information content.

It should be noted that the above content belongs to the technical recognition of the inventor, and does not necessarily constitute prior art.

The present application provides a downhole pulse signal generator, a method of transmitting pressure pulses, a drill collar and drilling equipment to solve at least one of the above technical problems.

The technical solutions used in this application are as follows.

A downhole pulse signal generator comprising a casing having a hollow cavity and a slurry inlet and a slurry outlet respectively communicating with said hollow cavity, wherein inside said hollow cavity is a rotary valve, said rotary valve for discharging slurry. comprising a primary valve body and a secondary valve body provided in sequence along the flow direction, wherein the primary valve body and the secondary valve body cooperate with each other to change the flow area of the slurry in the rotary valve. a primary rotary member for rotationally driving the primary valve body, the primary rotary member being rotationally driven by the slurry, and a secondary rotary member for driving the rotation of the secondary valve body. A secondary rotating member that is rotationally driven by the slurry and a slurry discharge amount adjustment unit are provided, and the slurry discharge amount adjustment unit includes an overflow passage that can divert the slurry, and the overflow passage is connected to the primary valve. body or the secondary valve body, the slurry discharge amount adjusting unit further includes an adjusting mechanism, the adjusting mechanism adjusting the slurry discharge amount flowing through the primary rotary member and the slurry discharge amount flowing through the secondary rotary member. and the amount of overflow of the overflow passage is adjusted such that the difference between is an adjustable variable, and the primary valve body and the secondary valve body can operate with an adjustable rotational speed difference. can.

The downhole pulse signal generator in the present application further has the following additional technical features.

The adjustment mechanism includes a flow restriction member and a drive member for driving movement of the flow restriction member, the overflow passage having an overflow outlet, the flow restriction member opening, closing or blocking the overflow outlet. wherein the overflow outlet is a variable cross-section through-hole, and/or the flow restriction is configured to have a variable cross-section; By controlling the amount of movement of , the overflow area at the overflow outlet is changed to change the overflow amount of the overflow passage.

The flow restricting member is linearly moved by being driven by the driving member.

The direction of movement of the flow restriction member is parallel to the axial direction of the overflow outlet.

The secondary valve body includes a secondary cooperative part that cooperates with the primary valve body to change the flow area of the slurry in the rotary valve, and the secondary rotary member that is fixed to the secondary cooperative part. and a secondary connection connected to a secondary connection, wherein the overflow passage is provided in the secondary connection.

The primary valve body includes a primary cooperative part that cooperates with the secondary valve body to change the flow area of the slurry in the rotary valve, and a primary cooperative part that is fixed to the primary cooperative part and connected to the primary rotary member. a primary connection portion, wherein the primary rotary member is fitted to the outside of the primary connection portion, and the secondary rotary member is fitted to the outside of the secondary connection portion.

The primary rotating member is connected to the primary valve body key, and the secondary rotating member is connected to the secondary valve body key.

The present application further discloses a method of transmitting pressure pulses in a fluid comprising: providing a pulse signal generator; flowing a slurry through said pulse signal generator; adjusting the overflow rate of the overflow passage by the slurry rate adjusting unit to adjust the difference in the slurry rate of the secondary rotating member; and generating a pressure wave signal with an adjustable frequency. , the downhole pulse signal generator includes a casing having a hollow cavity and a slurry inlet and a slurry outlet respectively communicating with the hollow cavity, wherein a rotary valve is disposed in the hollow cavity, the rotary valve receiving the slurry a primary valve body and a secondary valve body sequentially provided along the flow direction of the slurry, and the primary valve body and the secondary valve body cooperate with each other to change the flow area of the slurry in the rotary valve a primary rotary member for driving rotation of the primary valve body, the primary rotary member being rotationally driven by the slurry; and a secondary rotary member for driving rotation of the secondary valve body. A secondary rotating member that is rotationally driven by the slurry and a slurry discharge amount adjustment unit are provided, the slurry discharge amount adjustment unit includes an overflow passage that can divert the slurry, and the overflow passage is the The slurry discharge amount adjustment unit provided on the primary valve body or the secondary valve body further includes an adjustment mechanism, and the adjustment mechanism adjusts the slurry discharge amount flowing through the primary rotating member and the slurry flowing through the secondary rotating member. The primary valve body and the secondary valve body are configured to adjust the overflow rate of the overflow passage so that the difference between the discharge rate is an adjustable variable, and the primary valve body and the secondary valve body operate with an adjustable rotational speed difference. be able to.

The present application further discloses a drill collar comprising a housing in which a downhole pulse signal generator as described above is provided.

The present application further discloses a drilling equipment comprising a drill column and a bit, said equipment further comprising a drill collar for connecting said drill column and said bit, said drill collar being the drill collar as described above, and said hollow a control unit and a data collection unit for transmitting downhole data to the control unit, the data collection unit including an in-drilling measuring device and/or an in-drilling logging device; The control unit includes a control module, a modulation module, and a ground demodulation module, the control module being used to control the adjustment mechanism, and the modulation module encoding the downhole data into slurry pressure waves. It is used to modulate and transmit data by the pulse generator to the terrestrial demodulation module.

By adopting the above technical solutions, the following beneficial effects are obtained in the present application.

1. Both the primary rotating member and the secondary rotating member in the present application are rotationally driven by the slurry, thereby driving the rotation of the primary valve body and the secondary valve body, which fully absorbs the kinetic energy of the slurry It not only realizes the motor-free driving of the rotary valve, greatly reduces the power consumption, improves the safety of the underground equipment, but also reduces the difficulty of control.
In addition, the signal generator further has a slurry discharge amount adjustment unit, and the slurry discharge amount adjustment unit includes an overflow passage capable of diverting the slurry and an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the overflow amount of the overflow passage. whereby the difference between the amount of slurry discharged through said primary rotary member and the amount of slurry discharged through said secondary rotary member is an adjustable variable, so that said primary valve body and said secondary valve body are adjustable It can work with the difference of rotation speed, and furthermore, it can obtain a wide range of adjustable pulse signal frequency and information transmission rate, so that different well depth positions can obtain different signal amount carrying amount. can finally obtain data information of different loadings from different well depths, and can realize adjustment of the pulse signal frequency without changing the primary rotating member and the secondary rotating member, It realizes real-time online adjustment of underground work and provides guarantee for the smooth progress of drilling work.

2. As a preferred embodiment of the present application, said adjustment mechanism comprises a flow restriction member and a drive member for driving movement of said flow restriction member, said overflow passage having an overflow outlet, said overflow outlet being a variable cross-section through-hole. wherein the flow restrictor is configured to have a variable cross-section, and the drive member varies the overflow area at the overflow outlet by controlling the amount of movement of the flow restrictor. to change the overflow amount of the overflow passage, thereby adjusting the discharge amount of the slurry flowing through the primary rotary member and the secondary rotary member, and finally, the primary valve body and the secondary valve body To achieve the purpose of adjusting the rotation speed difference. The method of adjusting the amount of overflow described in the present application is convenient, quick, and easy to control, and furthermore, through the cross-sectional design of the overflow outlet and/or the flow restriction, the primary valve body and the secondary valve body It can support stepless adjustment of the rotation speed difference, which not only expands the range of signal frequency adjustment, but also can adjust the matched signal frequency for different well depths, allowing different well depths In addition, this stepless adjustment method has a small impact on the primary rotating member, the primary valve body, the secondary rotating member, and the secondary valve body, and improves the operating performance of the signal generator. It also helps to ensure reliability and stability and extend the life of the signal generator.

3. As a preferred embodiment of the present application, said flow restricting member performs linear motion under the drive of said driving member, and the movement direction of said flow restricting member is parallel to the axial direction of the front overflow outlet, whereby said overflow The movement of the member changes the overflow amount of the overflow passage, the linear movement method is more reliable, and the assembly and transmission between each member occupies less installation space, so that the signal generator is improved. Contributing to the reduction of size, the reduction of the size of the signal generator not only reduces the manufacturing cost of the whole signal generator, but also improves the reliability of the working process of said signal generator. Specifically, the small-volume signal generator contributes to the overall miniaturization of the drill collar, and the miniaturization of the drill collar improves its flexibility. It facilitates and contributes to the certainty and stability of the whole working process.

4. As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the overflow passage is provided in the secondary connection portion of the secondary valve body, whereby the amount of slurry discharged through the secondary rotary member is equal to the amount of slurry discharged through the primary rotary member. The overall flow process and the final merging process of the slurry are made smoother, and the structural design of the signal generator is facilitated, and the radial and axial dimensions of the signal generator are reduced. contributes, thus improving the reliability of the operational performance of the signal generator.

5. As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the primary rotary member is fitted outside the primary connection portion of the primary valve body, and the secondary rotary member is fitted outside the secondary connection portion of the secondary valve body. This embodiment greatly reduces the axial length of the pulse signal generator compared to the method of realizing the connection between the valve body and the rotating member by means of mechanical transmission members such as couplings and propeller shafts. It is possible to improve the certainty of its operation, and in particular, it is excellent in flexibility of curve in the tunnel.

Further, the primary rotary member and the primary valve body key are connected, the secondary rotary member key and the secondary valve body key are connected, and the rotary member and the valve body are assembled by key connection, It has good centering property, is easy to install, not only improves assembly efficiency, but also is easy to remove, and facilitates replacement of rotating members. Quantity adjustment is possible, which extends the application range of the signal generator.

The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the application and form part of the application, and schematic examples of the application and their descriptions are used to interpret the application. are not intended to unduly limit this application.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the signal generator in the present application, with the direction of the arrow indicating the flow direction of the slurry;

It is an enlarged view of the A part of FIG. 1, and the arrow direction has shown the flow direction of slurry.

FIG. 4 is a state diagram of the adjustment mechanism according to one embodiment of the present application, wherein the direction of the arrow indicates the direction of slurry flow;

FIG. 4B is another state diagram of the adjustment mechanism according to one embodiment of the present application, wherein the arrow direction indicates the flow direction of the slurry;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the primary valve body according to one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 5;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the primary pivot member according to one embodiment of the present application;

It is a figure which shows typically the state of the adjustment mechanism of Example 1 in this application.

It is a figure which shows typically the state of the adjustment mechanism of Example 2 in this application.

FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing the state of the adjustment mechanism described in Example 3 of the present application;

It is a figure which shows typically the state of the adjustment mechanism of Example 4 in this application.

In order to explain the overall concept of the present application more clearly, an example will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings of the specification.

In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the subject matter of the application, but it is not necessary to implement the application in a manner different from other forms described in the application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

Also, in the description of this application, orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "diametrical", "circumferential", etc. and is merely for the purpose of explaining or simplifying the description of the present application, and the device or element referred to has a particular orientation or is configured and operated in a particular orientation. It does not indicate or imply that it must and therefore cannot be taken as a limitation to the present application.

In this application, the terms "attach", "connect to each other", "connect", "fix" and the like are to be understood broadly, unless expressly defined and limited to the contrary. For example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection is possible, and it may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection. However, it may be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, a communication inside the two elements, or an interaction relationship between the two elements. . Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.

In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, reference to a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature includes directly touching the first and second features. Alternatively, the first and second features may include indirect contact through an intermediate medium. In the description herein, a description of terms such as “one embodiment,” “some embodiments,” “example,” “specific example,” or “some examples” refers to the embodiment or A specific feature, structure, material, or property described in connection with an example is meant to be included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In accordance with the present invention, exemplary statements for such terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Also, the specific features, structures, materials and characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

As shown in FIG. 1, a downhole pulse signal generator comprising a casing 1 having a hollow cavity and a slurry inlet 20 and a slurry outlet 21 respectively communicating with said hollow cavity, wherein inside said hollow cavity is a rotary valve The rotary valve includes a primary valve body 4 and a secondary valve body 6 which are sequentially provided along the slurry flow direction, and the primary valve body 4 and the secondary valve body 6 cooperate with each other. a rotary valve that can change the flow area of the slurry in the rotary valve by

A primary rotary member 5 for driving the rotation of the primary valve body 4, which is driven to rotate by the slurry, and a secondary rotary member 8 for driving the rotation of the secondary valve body 6. A secondary rotating member 8 is provided which is driven in rotation by the slurry. The rotation of the primary rotating member 5 and the secondary rotating member 8 in the present application overcomes the problems of the operation and control of the motor in the underground work environment by changing from the conventional motor drive to the slurry drive, and the slurry. The kinetic energy is fully utilized to realize the motor-free driving of the rotary valve, which greatly reduces the power consumption, not only improves the safety of the underground equipment, but also reduces the difficulty of control.

During the excavation process, slurry enters the cavity from the slurry inlet 20 and flows through the primary rotating member 5 and the secondary rotating member 8 respectively, causing the primary rotating member 5 and the secondary rotating member 8 to interlock. , thereby driving the rotation of the primary valve body 4 and the secondary valve body 6, finally changing the flow area of the slurry in the rotary valve, so that the flow area of different slurries can be changed. Accordingly, different width values of the pressure signal are generated.

Unlike a conventional motor controlling a control valve to cut the slurry in a periodic continuous motion to generate a slurry signal, the frequency adjustment of the slurry signal in the present application is assisted by the slurry discharge adjustment unit described below. is realized in

Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 11 , a slurry discharge amount adjustment unit is further provided in the hollow cavity in the present application, and the slurry discharge amount adjustment unit includes an overflow passage 22 through which slurry can be diverted. and the slurry discharge amount adjustment unit further includes an adjustment mechanism, and the adjustment mechanism can adjust the difference between the slurry discharge amount flowing through the primary rotary member 5 and the slurry discharge amount flowing through the secondary rotary member 8. variable, wherein the primary valve body 4 and the secondary valve body 6 are operable with an adjustable rotational speed difference, thereby ensuring that during excavation An adjustable signal frequency can be obtained to accommodate different magnitude demands for downhole data information collection at different well depth locations.

In addition, in the present application, the installation position of the overflow passage 22 is not specifically limited. For example, in one specific embodiment, the overflow passage 22 is provided in the primary valve body 4 . Also, in another specific embodiment, the overflow passage 22 is provided in the secondary valve body 6 . As an example in which the overflow passage 22 is opened in the secondary valve body 6, part of the slurry is discharged into the overflow passage 22 during excavation, and the discharge amount of the slurry flowing through the primary rotary member 5 and the secondary The discharge amount of the slurry flowing through the valve body 8 is made different. During rotation, due to the difference in rotational speed, the flow area of the slurry passage of the rotary valve (created by the cooperation of the primary valve body 4 and the secondary valve body 6) changes. and the magnitude of the rotational speed difference determines the frequency of the slurry pressure wave signal.

As a preferred embodiment of the present application, both the primary rotating member 5 and the secondary rotating member 8 are turbines, and as shown in FIG. The configuration of the turbine is not limited to the configuration shown in the drawings, and other configuration types may be employed. The present application also shows an embodiment using a turbine in which the primary rotatable member 5 and the secondary rotatable member 8 are completely coincident in structural shape. However, the present application is not limited to this, and the primary rotating member 5 and the secondary rotating member 8 may employ turbines having different structural shapes. As a result, after adjusting the discharge amounts of the primary rotating member 5 and the secondary rotating member 8 by the slurry discharge amount adjusting unit, depending on the difference in the turbine structure of the primary rotating member 5 and the secondary rotating member 8, The discharge amount-rotational speed characteristics of the primary rotating member 5 and the secondary rotating member 8 are changed.

5 and 6 show specific configuration examples of the primary valve body 4 and the secondary valve body 6. As can be seen from the drawings, in the example, the primary valve body 4 and the secondary valve body Although both the valve body 6 have two valve seats, the structure of the primary valve body 4 and the secondary valve body 6 in the present application is not limited to this, it is four valve seats. You may use the structure etc. which have. Of course, the structures of the primary valve body 4 and the secondary valve body 6 in the present application may be quite different, provided that the change in slurry flow area occurs during relative motion, constant frequency A slurry pressure wave signal can be generated.

As a preferred embodiment of the present application, said adjustment mechanism comprises a flow restriction member 11 and a drive member 14 for driving movement of said flow restriction member 11, said overflow passage 22 having an overflow inlet 19 and an overflow outlet 10, Said flow restriction member 11 comprises a flow restriction which can open, close or block said overflow outlet 10 . The flow restricting member 11 in this embodiment not only has two operating states of opening or closing the overflow outlet 10, it also has an operating state of partially closing the overflow outlet 10. , thereby increasing the versatility of the overflow volume adjustment and providing a basis for obtaining slurry pressure wave signals of different frequencies. The method of adjusting the overflow flow in this embodiment is convenient, quick and easy to control.

In this embodiment, the movement of the flow restricting member 11 is not specifically limited.

In one particular example, the flow restriction member 11 is rotationally driven by the drive member 14 to open, close or partially block the overflow outlet 10 .

As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the flow restricting member 11 performs linear motion under the driving of the driving member 14, and the linear motion method is more reliable than the above rotary motion method, and , the mounting space occupied by the assembly and transmission between each member is smaller, thus contributing to the reduction of the size of the signal generator, and the reduction of the size of the signal generator reduces the manufacturing cost of the entire signal generator. It not only improves the reliability of the working process of the signal generator. Specifically, the small-volume signal generator contributes to the overall miniaturization of the drill collar, and the miniaturization of the drill collar improves its flexibility. It facilitates and contributes to the certainty and stability of the whole working process. On the other hand, there are two forms of linear motion, one is that the motion direction of the flow restricting member 11 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the overflow outlet 10, and the other is that the overflow member 11 is parallel to the axial direction of the overflow outlet 10, and as a preferred example, the direction of movement of the overflow member 11 is parallel to the axial direction of the overflow outlet 10, so that the This helps reduce the radial dimension of the signal generator, which is advantageous for miniaturization of the signal generator.

In this embodiment, the specific configuration of the driving member 14 is not limited. For example, in one specific example, the drive member 14 is a motor connected to the position limiting member via a linear transmission mechanism such as a ball screw pair to drive linear motion of the position limiting member. And, in another specific example, the driving member 14 is a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder, and the linear motion of the position limiting member is driven by the hydraulic cylinder or the air cylinder. Further, the driving member 14 is an electromagnetic valve driving member, and drives the linear motion of the position limiting member by the electromagnetic valve driving member. Of course, the driving member 14 in this embodiment is not limited to the example described above, and other types of construction may be adopted.

Inside the hollow cavity, an electronic bin 12 with a chamber for accommodating the driving member 14 is provided, and the chamber is isolated from the slurry, so that the driving member 14 adopts a configuration such as a motor. However, since the driving member 14 is not affected by the slurry, its operational stability and controllability are not affected by the slurry.

In this embodiment, the overflow outlet 10 and the flow restricting member 11 can adjust the amount of overflow of the overflow outlet 10 by using any one of the following examples and combining them.

Example 1: The overflow outlet 10 is a variable cross-section through-hole. For ease of explanation, the side where the slurry enters the overflow outlet 10 is called the inlet side, and the side where the slurry flows out of the overflow outlet 10 is called the inlet side. As shown in FIG. 8, the cross-sectional area of the overflow outlet 101 is referred to as the outlet side, and as shown in FIG. In another embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the overflow outlet 10 gradually decreases from the inlet side to the outlet side, making the overflow outlet 10 a variable cross-section through-hole.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the flow restricting portion is a surface with a fixed cross-sectional area, and the driving member 14 controls the amount of movement of the flow restricting member 1101 to control the overflow. The overflow amount of the overflow passage 22 is changed by changing the overflow areas of the ten outlets. In the following, this embodiment will be described in more detail using the knot shown in FIG. 8 as an example. The greater the depth into which the flow restricting member 1101 enters the overflow outlet 101 by driving the driving member 14, or the closer the flow restricting member 1101 is to the inlet river by driving the driving member 14, The amount of overflow from the overflow outlet 101 decreases within a unit time, the difference between the amounts of discharge flowing through the primary rotating member 5 and the primary rotating member 8 decreases within a unit time, and the primary valve body 4 and the secondary valve The rotation speed difference with the body 6 becomes small.

This embodiment can support stepless adjustment of the rotation speed difference between the primary valve body 4 and the secondary valve body 6, which not only expands the range of signal frequency adjustment, but also can match different well depths. The signal frequency can be adjusted, and different well depths can meet the requirements for data information content, and this stepless adjustment method is composed of the primary rotary member 5, the primary valve body 4, and the secondary rotary member 8. , the impact on the secondary valve body 6 is small, which guarantees the certainty and stability of the operational performance of the signal generator, and also helps extend the service life of the signal generator.

Embodiment 2: The overflow outlet 10 is a variable cross-section through-hole, and unlike the above embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the overflow outlet 102 is directed from the inlet side to the outlet side, as shown in FIG. Since a plurality of protruding stepped portions are provided and the inner diameter size of each stepped portion is different, the overflow outlet 102 is made to have a variable cross section. The flow restricting portion is a surface having a fixed cross-sectional area, and the driving member 14 controls the amount of movement of the flow restricting member 1101 to change the overflow area at the overflow outlet 102 so that the overflow passage 22 change the amount of overflow.

Embodiment 3: In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, the cross-sectional area of the overflow port 103 is the same from the inlet side to the outlet side, and the flow restricting portion of the flow restricting member 1102 is: For convenience of explanation, the end of the flow restricting member 1102 near the driving member 14 is called a connecting end, and the end of the flow restricting member 1102 far from the driving member 14 is called a free end. , as shown in FIG. 10, in one embodiment of this embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the flow restrictor gradually increases from the free end to the connecting end. However, this embodiment is not so limited and in another embodiment the cross-sectional area of the flow restrictor gradually decreases from the free end to the connecting end.

When the flow restricting member 1102 enters the overflow outlet 103 at different depths due to the driving of the driving member 14, the amount of slurry discharged from the overflow outlet 103 within a unit time is different. The rotation speed difference between the primary valve body 4 and the secondary valve body 6 is adjusted by changing the discharge amount of the slurry flowing through the primary rotary member 5 and the primary rotary member 8 .

Embodiment 4: In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, the cross-sectional area of the overflow port 103 is the same from the inlet side to the outlet side, and the flow-limiting portion of the flow-limiting member 1103 has a variable cross-section. Unlike the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, in the present embodiment, the flow restricting portion is provided with a plurality of stepped surfaces having different cross-sectional areas from the free end to the connecting end. By controlling the relative positions of the flow restricting member 1103 and the overflow port 103, the amount of overflow of the overflow port 10 is changed every unit time.

Embodiment 5: In this embodiment, the overflow outlet 10 is a variable cross-section through-hole, and its specific configuration can adopt either one of the above embodiments 1 and 2. , the flow restricting portion has a variable cross section, and the specific configuration thereof can adopt either one of the above-described Embodiments 3 and 4, and the driving member 14 is: By controlling the amount of movement of the flow restricting member 11, the overflow area at the overflow outlet 10 is changed, and the overflow amount of the overflow passage 22 is changed.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, an example in which the overflow outlet 10 has a fixed cross section and the flow restricting portion of the flow restricting member 11 has a variable cross section will now be described in more detail.

When the flow restricting member 11 is in the position shown in FIG. 2, the overflow outlet 10 is fully open and the overflow passage 22 discharges a portion of the discharge, at which time the primary rotary member 5 and the secondary The rotating member 8 generates a rotational speed difference, and the primary valve body 4 and the secondary valve body 6 generate slurry pressure waves of frequency f1.

When the flow restricting member 11 is in the position shown in FIG. 3, the overflow member 11 partially shields the overflow member 10, the overflow flow rate of the overflow outlet 10 decreases in a unit time, and the overflow outlet 10 Compared to the fully open state, the discharge amount of slurry flowing through the secondary rotary member 8 becomes large, the difference in rotational speed between the primary rotary member 5 and the secondary rotary member 8 becomes small, and the primary valve body 4 and The rotation speed difference of the secondary valve body 6 is correspondingly reduced, and at this time, the primary valve body 4 and the secondary valve body 6 generate a slurry pressure wave with a wave number of f2, f ₂ <f ₁ is.

Also, when the flow restricting member 11 is in the position shown in FIG. 4, the overflow outlet 10 is completely blocked by the flow restricting member 11, and at this time the primary rotating member 5 and the secondary rotating member 8 are closed. The discharge amount of slurry is the same, the rotation speeds of the primary rotary member 5 and the secondary rotary member 8 are the same, and the primary valve body 4 and the secondary valve body 6 no longer have a rotational speed difference. , the frequency of the slurry pressure wave is zero.

If the overflow port and the flow restricting member 11 adopt a more complicated cross-sectional structure than that in FIGS. A pressure wave signal can be obtained, so that at different well depth positions, different signal amounts of loading can be obtained, and finally different loadings of data information can be obtained according to different well depths. can be obtained, and the pulse signal frequency can be adjusted without replacing the primary rotating member 5 and the secondary rotating member 8, real-time online adjustment of the underground work can be achieved, and the smooth progress of the excavation work can be guaranteed. offer.

The secondary valve body 6 includes a secondary cooperative part that cooperates with the primary valve body 4 to change the flow area of the slurry in the rotary valve, and a secondary cooperative part that is fixed to the secondary cooperative part to It has a secondary connection connected with the rotary member 8 . As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the overflow passage 22 is provided in the secondary connection so that the slurry discharge amount flowing through the secondary rotary member 8 is less than or equal to the slurry discharge amount flowing through the primary rotary member 5. so that the entire flow process and the final merging process of the slurry are smoother, and the structural design of the signal generator is facilitated, contributing to the reduction of the radial and axial dimensions of the signal generator. , thus improving the reliability of the operational performance of the signal generator.

In addition, the overflow passage 22 further includes the overflow inlet 19, which is provided in the secondary connection. A unit may be provided with one said overflow inlet 19 or may be provided with a plurality of said overflow inlets 19 . Further, preferably, the secondary connection portion is provided with a plurality of the overflow inlets 19 spaced along the circumferential direction thereof, and the plurality of the overflow inlets 19 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the secondary connection portion. , thereby facilitating slurry flow and avoiding uneven pressure distribution of the slurry in said secondary valve body 6, so that some slurry may enter said overflow inlet 19. smoothly enters the overflow passage 22 through the other part of the slurry smoothly flows to the secondary rotary member 8 and allows outflow through the slurry outlet 21 .

As a preferred embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 1, the angle between the axial direction of the overflow inlet 19 and the flow direction of the slurry is an acute angle, so that the slurry in the overflow portion will flow according to the flow direction of the entire slurry. can easily flow into the overflow passage 22, reduce the turbulence level, reduce the chaotic vibration of the slurry, reduce the interaction force between the slurry layers and facilitate the flow of the slurry. and reduce impact wear at the slurry overflow inlet 19 to the secondary body 6 .

The primary valve body 4 includes a primary cooperative portion that cooperates with the secondary valve body 6 to change the flow area of the slurry in the rotary valve, and the primary rotary member 5 that is fixed to the primary cooperative portion. and a primary connection connected to the As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the primary rotary member 5 is fitted to the outside of the primary connection of the primary valve body, and the secondary rotary member 8 is fitted to the secondary connection of the secondary valve body. In contrast to the method in which the valve body and the rotating member are connected by a mechanical transmission member such as a coupling, propeller shaft, or the like, which is fitted on the outside, the axial length of the pulse signal generator is reduced in this embodiment. It can be greatly shortened, and the reliability of its operation can be improved.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the primary rotating member 5 and the primary valve body 4 are connected by a key 3, the secondary rotating member 8 and the secondary valve body 6 are connected by a key 7, and are keyed. It realizes assembly of the rotating member and the valve body, has good centering property, is easy to install, not only improves assembly efficiency, but also is easy to remove, facilitates replacement of the rotating member, and allows adjustment of the displacement of the primary and secondary rotating members 8, thereby expanding the application range of the signal generator.

As shown in FIG. 1, a primary valve body support member 2 and a secondary valve body support member 9 are further provided in the hollow cavity in the present application, and the primary valve body 4 rotates on the primary valve body support member 2. connected and rotationally connected to the secondary valve body support member 6 and the secondary valve body support member 9 . In one embodiment, the overflow outlet 10 is provided at the end of the secondary valve body 6 (the end being the end of the secondary connection remote from the secondary cooperating portion). In another embodiment, the overflow outlet 10 is provided at the end of the secondary valve support member 9 to shorten the movement stroke of the flow restricting member 11 and to reduce the size of the signal generator. can contribute to

As shown in FIG. 1, the electron bin 12 is provided with a drain hole 18 communicating with the overflow outlet 10, and the slurry flowing out through the overflow outlet 10 flows through the drain hole 18 into the electron bin. 12 and finally out through said slurry outlet 21 . As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the angle between the axial direction of the drain hole 18 and the flow direction of the slurry outside the electron bin 12 is an obtuse angle, so that the slurry in the overflow portion is It can easily flow into the outside of the electron bin 12, reduce the turbulence level, reduce the chaotic vibration of the slurry, reduce the interaction force between the slurry layers, and facilitate the flow of the slurry. can do.

As shown in FIG. 1, inside the electron bin 12, the internal pressure of the electron bin 12 and the external pressure of the electron bin 12 are balanced to avoid damage to the electron bin 12 due to imbalance between the internal pressure and the external pressure. A balance plunger 13 is provided.

The present application further discloses a method of transmitting pressure pulses in a fluid comprising: providing a pulse signal generator; flowing a slurry through said pulse signal generator;
Adjusting the overflow amount of the overflow passage 22 by the slurry discharge amount adjusting unit so as to adjust the difference in slurry discharge amount between the primary rotating member 5 and the secondary rotating member 8; and generating a wave signal, said downhole pulse signal generator comprising a casing 1 comprising a hollow cavity, a slurry inlet 20 and a slurry outlet 21 respectively communicating with said hollow cavity, wherein said hollow cavity contains , a rotary valve, said rotary valve comprising a primary valve body 4 and a secondary valve body 6 which are sequentially provided along the slurry flow direction, said primary valve body 4 and said secondary valve body 6 being connected to each other; A rotary valve that can cooperate to change the flow area of the slurry in the rotary valve, and a primary rotary member 5 for driving the rotation of the primary valve body 4, the primary rotary member being rotary driven by the slurry. A member 5, a secondary rotating member 8 for driving the rotation 6 of the secondary valve body, the secondary rotating member 8 being rotationally driven by the slurry, and a slurry discharge amount adjusting unit are provided, and the slurry The discharge rate adjustment unit includes an overflow passage 22 capable of diverting slurry, the overflow passage 22 being provided in the primary rotary member 5 and/or the secondary rotary member 8, the slurry discharge rate adjustment unit adjusting Further comprising a mechanism, the adjustment mechanism adjusts the overflow passage 22 such that the difference between the amount of slurry discharged through the primary rotating member 5 and the amount of slurry discharged through the secondary rotating member 8 is an adjustable variable. wherein the primary valve body and the secondary valve body are operable with an adjustable differential rotational speed.

The method in the present application obtains a frequency-tunable slurry pressure wave signal using the signal generator described above, and the beneficial effects in obtaining the pressure wave signal of the signal generator are also up to this method and , will not be described here again.

The present application further discloses a drill collar comprising a housing in which a downhole pulse signal generator as described above is provided.

The present application further discloses a drilling equipment comprising a drill column and a bit, said equipment further comprising a drill collar for connecting said drill column and said bit, said drill collar being the drill collar as described above, and said hollow A control unit and a data acquisition unit for transmitting downhole data to said control unit are provided in the cavity, said data acquisition unit comprising an in-drilling measuring device and/or an in-drilling logging device 17 . It should be noted that the during-drilling measurement device and/or the during-drilling logging device 17 includes, but is not limited to, an during-drilling measurement module such as a borehole attitude measurement unit, a resistivity module, and a gamma module.

The control unit includes a control module 16, a modulation module, and a ground demodulation module, wherein the control module 16 is used to control the adjustment mechanism, and the modulation module encodes the downhole data to determine slurry pressure. wave and is used by the pulse generator to transmit data to the terrestrial demodulation module.

As shown in FIG. 1, the electronic bin 12 is provided with a pressure-seal connector 15, and the drive unit 14 establishes communication with the control module 16 through the pressure-seal connector 15 to control the flow restricting member. 11 control, thus achieving adjustment of the overflow rate to obtain an adjustable signal frequency, which enables different magnitudes of downhole data information collection at different well depth positions during drilling. Adjustable signal frequency can be obtained to adapt to demand.

The parts not described in this application can be realized by adopting or referring to the prior art.

Each embodiment in this specification will be described recursively, similar parts between each embodiment can be referred to each other, and the description of each embodiment will focus on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, since the system embodiment is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the part of the description of the method embodiment.

The above are only examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application is capable of various modifications and alterations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made based on the spirit and principle of this application shall fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims (7)

A drilling rig comprising a drill column and a bit, the drilling rig further comprising a drill collar for connecting to the drill column and the bit, the drill collar comprising a housing, wherein the housing contains a downhole pulse signal generator is provided in the hollow cavity; a control unit and a data collection unit for transmitting downhole data to the control unit are provided in the hollow cavity; and/or logging equipment during drilling, wherein the control unit includes a control module, a modulation module, and a ground demodulation module, the control module being used to control the adjustment mechanism, the modulation module comprising is used to encode and modulate the downhole data into slurry pressure waves and transmit the data by the pulse generator to the terrestrial demodulation module;
The downhole pulse signal generator includes a casing having a hollow cavity and a slurry inlet and a slurry outlet respectively communicating with the hollow cavity, wherein the hollow cavity includes:
A rotary valve, wherein the rotary valve includes a primary valve body and a secondary valve body which are sequentially provided along the flow direction of the slurry, and the primary valve body and the secondary valve body cooperate with each other to control the slurry. a rotary valve that can change the flow area in the rotary valve of
a primary rotating member for driving the rotation of the primary valve body, the primary rotating member being driven to rotate by the slurry;
a secondary rotating member for driving the rotation of the secondary valve body, the secondary rotating member being rotationally driven by the slurry;
A slurry discharge amount adjusting unit is provided, and the slurry discharge amount adjusting unit includes an overflow passage capable of diverting the slurry, the overflow passage is provided in the primary valve body or the secondary valve body, and the slurry discharge The volume adjustment unit further includes an adjustment mechanism, wherein the adjustment mechanism adjusts the amount of slurry discharged through the primary rotary member so that the difference between the slurry discharge through the primary rotary member and the slurry discharge through the secondary rotary member is an adjustable variable. configured to adjust the amount of overflow in the overflow passage, the primary valve body and the secondary valve body operate with an adjustable rotational speed difference to change the flow area of the slurry in the rotary valve, A drilling installation, characterized in that it generates a periodic slurry pressure wave signal. The adjustment mechanism includes a flow restriction member and a drive member for driving movement of the flow restriction member, the overflow passage having an overflow outlet, the flow restriction member opening, closing or blocking the overflow outlet. with a flow restriction that allows
At least one of the overflow outlet is a variable cross-section through-hole and the flow restricting part has a variable cross-section, and the driving member controls the amount of movement of the flow restricting member. 2. The drilling equipment according to claim 1, wherein the overflow area at the overflow outlet is changed to change the overflow volume of the overflow passage. 3. The excavation equipment according to claim 2, wherein the flow restricting member is linearly moved by driving the driving member. 4. Drilling equipment according to claim 3, wherein the direction of movement of said flow restricting member is parallel to the axial direction of said overflow outlet. The secondary valve body includes a secondary cooperative part that cooperates with the primary valve body to change the flow area of the slurry in the rotary valve, and the secondary rotary member that is fixed to the secondary cooperative part. 2. The drilling equipment of claim 1, further comprising a secondary connection connected to and wherein said overflow passage is provided in said secondary connection. The primary valve body includes a primary cooperative part that cooperates with the secondary valve body to change the flow area of the slurry in the rotary valve, and a primary cooperative part that is fixed to the primary cooperative part and connected to the primary rotary member. and a primary connection portion, wherein the primary rotary member is fitted to the outside of the primary connection portion,
6. The drilling equipment according to claim 5, wherein the secondary rotating member is fitted outside the secondary connection. 7. The drilling equipment of claim 6, wherein said primary rotary member is connected to said primary valve body key and said secondary rotary member is connected to said secondary valve body key.

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