JP7218622B2 - charging control system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an in-vehicle charge control system having a power storage device that is used in a smart grid system as power supply and demand adjustment means through connection with an external charging facility.

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a smart grid system is known that utilizes a power storage device of a vehicle as means for adjusting power supply and demand. For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a smart grid system including a power management system that optimizes power supply and demand by managing charging and discharging of a power storage device provided in an electric vehicle. In Patent Document 1, the power management system creates a charging/discharging plan for charging/discharging equipment and a driving plan for the vehicle during driving based on the vehicle usage schedule, thereby optimizing the power supply and demand in infrastructure facilities and energy in the vehicle. It is said that it is possible to achieve both optimization of consumption.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-211482

By the way, in order to reduce the power generation cost of the smart grid system, it is preferable to use power storage devices in a larger number of vehicles as power supply and demand adjustment means. However, in the smart grid system disclosed in Patent Literature 1, the vehicle usage schedule needs to be stored in advance in the power management system. For this reason, vehicles that cannot communicate with the smart grid system or vehicles that do not have fixed usage schedules cannot cooperate with the smart grid system, making it difficult to contribute to supply and demand adjustment. In order to use the power storage device of such a vehicle as a means for adjusting power supply and demand, it is preferable that the control of the state of charge of the power storage device in cooperation with the smart grid system be realized by the vehicle alone.

The charge control system in this case was devised in view of these issues, and one of the objectives is to contribute to supply and demand adjustment while suppressing the power generation cost of the smart grid system for the vehicle itself. In addition to this purpose, it is also another object of the present invention to achieve functions and effects that are derived from each configuration shown in the embodiments for carrying out the invention described later and that cannot be obtained by the conventional technology. be.

(1) The charging control system disclosed herein is an in-vehicle charging control system equipped with a power storage device that is used in a smart grid system as a means of adjusting power supply and demand through connection with an external charging facility. a positioning device that measures the current position of the vehicle; a detection device that detects at least one of the amount of solar radiation and wind speed that are correlated with the regionally generated power generated by the power generation facility in the area containing the current position of the vehicle; and a control device for controlling the mounted power generation device. Further, the control device includes a power prediction unit that predicts the locally generated power from at least one of the amount of solar radiation and the wind speed detected by the detection device, and a power prediction unit that determines whether or not to operate the power generation device. a setting unit that sets a SOC threshold based on the predicted regionally generated power; estimates the SOC of the power storage device; and a control unit for controlling the operation of

(2) The control device includes a power generation facility information storage unit that stores, for each region, power generation facility information including the introduction amount of power generation facilities that generate power using renewable energy among the power generation facilities, and measures by the positioning device. It is preferable to have an introduction amount acquisition unit that acquires the introduction amount of an area including the current position of the vehicle based on the information on the current position of the vehicle and the information on the power generation facility. In this case, it is preferable that the setting unit sets the SOC threshold based on the introduction amount acquired by the introduction amount acquisition unit.

(3) The setting unit may set the SOC threshold to a value lower than a preset normal SOC threshold when the predicted locally generated power exceeds a preset first predetermined value. preferable.

(4) The control device includes a charging facility information storage unit that stores external charging facility information including position information of the external charging facility; a charging facility display unit that searches for the external charging facilities in an area including the current position of the vehicle as candidate external charging facilities based on the information, and displays the searched candidate external charging facilities. is preferred. In this case, when the SOC threshold is set to a value lower than the normal SOC threshold, the charging facility display section preferably highlights and displays the searched candidate external charging facility.

(5) The setting unit may set the SOC threshold to a value higher than a preset normal SOC threshold when the predicted locally generated power falls below a preset second predetermined value. preferable.
(6) It is preferable that the power storage device is configured to be able to supply power to an external discharge facility.

(7) The control device includes a discharge equipment information storage unit that stores external discharge equipment information including position information of the external discharge equipment, information on the current position of the vehicle measured by the positioning device, and the external discharge equipment a discharge equipment display unit that searches for the external discharge equipment in an area containing the current position of the vehicle as candidate external discharge equipment based on the information, and displays the searched candidate external discharge equipment. is preferred. In this case, when the SOC threshold is set to a value higher than the normal SOC threshold, the discharge equipment display section preferably highlights and displays the retrieved candidate external discharge equipment.

According to the disclosed charging control system, the vehicle alone can contribute to supply and demand adjustment while suppressing the power generation cost of the smart grid system.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows together the structure of the charge control system which concerns on embodiment, and a smart grid system. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining the configuration of a vehicle equipped with a charging control system according to a first embodiment; FIG. It is an example of a map for predicting regional power generation from the amount of solar radiation and wind speed. FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining an example of control performed by a control device of the charging control system of FIG. 2; FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining the configuration of a vehicle equipped with charging control systems according to second and third embodiments; It is an example of a table stored in the control device of the charging control system according to the second embodiment, and is a table for setting the SOC threshold. 9 is a flowchart for explaining an example of control performed by a control device of a charging control system according to a second embodiment; FIG. It is an example of a map stored in the control device of the charging control system according to the third embodiment, and is a map for determining the magnitude of regionally generated power predicted based on the amount of solar radiation and wind speed.

A charging control system will be described with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments shown below are merely examples, and there is no intention to exclude various modifications and application of techniques that are not explicitly described in the following embodiments. Each configuration of this embodiment can be modified in various ways without departing from the gist thereof. Also, they can be selected or combined as needed.

[1. First Embodiment]
[1-1. overall structure]
The charging control system 1 of the embodiment is a system mounted on a vehicle 10, as shown in FIG. Prepare. The charging control system 1 predicts the regionally generated power in the area including the current position of the vehicle 10 from the amount of solar radiation J and the wind speed U detected by the detection devices 13 and 14 (described later) mounted on the vehicle, and calculates the regionally generated power according to the predicted regionally generated power. By controlling the state of charge of the battery 2 with the control unit, the vehicle alone cooperates with the smart grid system 30 .

[1-1-1. Configuration of smart grid system]
The smart grid system 30 is a system for suppressing the power generation cost by smoothing the power supply and demand in each of the regions A to D connected by the transmission lines NA, NB, NC, and ND. Equipped with power storage equipment 50A to 50D as means. FIG. 1 shows an area A connected by a transmission line NA, an area B connected by a transmission line NB, an area C connected by a transmission line NC, and an area D connected by a transmission line ND. smart grid systems 30A, 30B, 30C, and 30D that smooth the supply and demand of electric power. In the following description, the transmission lines NA, NB, NC, and ND are collectively referred to as "transmission line N" unless they are specifically distinguished for each of the areas AD.

The smart grid system 30 of the present embodiment receives power from the external charging facilities 70A to 70D that supply power to the battery 2 and the battery 2 as facilities for using the battery 2 of the vehicle 10 as means for adjusting power supply and demand. Equipped with external discharge equipment 80A to 80D. Also, the electric power of each area A to D is consumed by houses and factories (loads 60A to 60D) in areas A to D.

In the smart grid system 30, the regionally generated power (generated power amount per unit time) generated by the power generation facilities 40A to 40D in each region A to D and the power consumed by the loads 60A to 60D (power consumption per unit time ), and control the charge/discharge of the storage equipment 50A to 50D and the battery 2 provided as power supply and demand adjustment means, thereby suppressing the power generation cost. Each element 40A to 40D, 50A to 50D, 60A to 60D, 70A to 70D, and 80A to 80D included in each smart grid system 30 can transmit and receive power through the transmission line N within each region A to D. Connected.

The power generation facilities 40A to 40D are facilities for generating electricity, such as thermal power generation facilities, solar power generation facilities, and wind power generation facilities. In the example of FIG. 1, three photovoltaic power generation facilities 41A and two wind power generation facilities 42A are provided in area A as power generation facilities 40A. In a region such as region A where power generation facilities that generate power using renewable energy are installed, the regionally generated power fluctuates according to the amount of solar radiation and wind speed in each region AD.

External charging facilities 70A-70D and external discharging facilities 80A-80D are facilities capable of connecting battery 2 of vehicle 10 to transmission line N via facilities 70A-70D and 80A-80D, respectively. Specific examples of the external charging equipment 70A to 70D and the external discharging equipment 80A to 80D include charging/discharging stations installed in buildings and household outlets. The battery 2 of the vehicle 10 is connected to the transmission line N by inserting the charging gun 70a of the external charging equipment 70A to 70D or the charging gun 80a of the external discharging equipment 80A to 80B into the charging port 7h of the vehicle 10, which will be described later. , is used as a means of regulating power demand.

In the following description, if the elements 40A to 40D, 50A to 50D, 60A to 60D, 70A to 70D, and 80A to 80D included in each smart grid system 30 are not particularly distinguished for each region A to D, will be explained by omitting uppercase alphabets.

[1-1-2. Configuration of charging control system]
FIG. 2 shows a charging control system 1 of this embodiment. The charging control system 1 includes a battery 2 (BAT), power generators 3 and 5 that generate electric power necessary for running the vehicle 10, a positioning device 8 that measures the current position of the vehicle 10, and an amount of solar radiation J for the vehicle 10. a sunshine sensor 13 (detecting device) for detecting , a wind speed sensor 14 (detecting device) for detecting the wind speed U with respect to the vehicle 10 , and a control device 20 for controlling the state of charge of the battery 2 .

The vehicle 10 is an electric vehicle that runs mainly by using the electric power of the battery 2 with the motor 3 as a drive source. ) 5 is configured to be supplied to the motor 3 .

The motor 3 is a power generator that converts deceleration energy of the vehicle 10 into electrical energy. The motor 3 of this embodiment is a motor-generator (motor-generator) having both a function as an electric motor for running the vehicle 10 and a function as a generator, and the two functions are alternatively performed. be done. An inverter 4 (INV) for voltage conversion is interposed on an electric circuit connecting the battery 2 and the motor 3 .

The fuel cell 5 is a power generator that converts a change in free energy accompanying the oxidation reaction of hydrogen or carbon monoxide into electrical energy. Specific examples of the fuel cell 5 include a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC), a phosphoric acid fuel cell ( PAFC; Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell), alkaline electrolyte fuel cell (AFC; Alkaline Fuel Cell), and the like. A converter 6 (DC-DC converter, CNV) for voltage conversion is interposed on an electric circuit connecting the fuel cell 5 and the battery 2 .

In addition, the vehicle 10 is provided with an on-board charger 7 configured to be connectable to an external charging facility 70 and an external discharging facility 80 . The vehicle-mounted charger 7 is a converter that takes charge of power conversion when charging the battery 2 with power supplied from the external charging equipment 70 and discharging the battery 2 to the external discharging equipment 80 . The vehicle-mounted charger 7 includes a charging port 7h into which a charging gun 70a of the external charging equipment 70 and a charging gun 80a of the external discharging equipment 80 can be inserted.

The charging of the battery 2 with the power supplied from the external charging facility 70 is hereinafter referred to as "external charging". On the other hand, the charging of the battery 2 with power generated by the motor 3 and the fuel cell 5 mounted on the vehicle is called "internal charging". Also, the discharge of the battery 2 to the external discharge equipment 80 is called "external discharge".

The battery 2 is a power storage device configured to store power regenerated by the motor 3, power generated by the fuel cell 5, and power supplied from the external charging facility 70, and to discharge power to the motor 3. For example, Examples include lithium ion secondary batteries and lithium ion polymer secondary batteries. In addition, the battery 2 of this embodiment is configured to be able to discharge power to the external charging facility 80 as well.

A voltage sensor 11 that detects the voltage V of the battery 2 and a current sensor 12 that detects the input/output current I of the battery 2 are provided on the electric circuit between the battery 2 and the generators 3 and 5 . Information detected by the voltage sensor 11 and the current sensor 12 is sent to the control device 20 .

The sunshine sensor 13 and the wind speed sensor 14 are detection devices that detect the amount of sunlight J and the wind speed U with respect to the vehicle 10, respectively. The amount of solar radiation J can be grasped, for example, by measuring the magnitude of the electromotive force generated by the solar cell element and the amount of power generation. Further, the wind speed U can be grasped by measuring the number of revolutions of a propeller fixed to the vehicle body, or by measuring the pressure change inside a pipe through which outside air flows. The wind speed U mentioned here is preferably the wind speed U when the vehicle 10 is stopped. The wind speed U when the vehicle 10 is running can be calculated by considering the vehicle speed and the acceleration/deceleration in addition to the detection result of the wind speed sensor 14 .

As described above, the regionally generated power fluctuates according to the amount of solar radiation and wind speed in each region A to D. Therefore, the regionally generated power in the region including the current position of the vehicle is predicted from the amount of solar radiation J and wind speed U for the vehicle 10. be able to. In other words, the locally generated electric power in the area including the current position of the vehicle and the amount of solar radiation J and the wind speed U for the vehicle 10 are correlated with each other. Information detected by the sunlight sensor 13 and the wind speed sensor 14 is sent to the control device 20 .

The positioning device 8 measures the current position of the vehicle 10 based on detection information from a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System), a vehicle speed sensor, a steering angle sensor, a yaw rate sensor (all not shown), and the like. It is an electronic control device (for example, a car navigation device) for Here, information on the current position of the vehicle 10 (information on latitude, longitude and height) is measured with reference to the world geodetic system, and information on the time and day of the week at that location is acquired. Information measured and acquired by the positioning device 8 is sent to the control device 20 .

The vehicle 10 is also provided with a display device 9 for displaying information on the current position of the vehicle 10 measured by the positioning device 8 and map information around the vehicle 10 . The display device 9 is controlled by a charging facility display unit 25 (described later) of the control device 20, and among the external charging facilities 70, those provided in the area containing the current position of the vehicle 10 (hereinafter referred to as "candidate external charging facility ) information. Further, the display device 9 is controlled by a discharge facility display unit 27 of the control device 20, which will be described later, and among the external discharge facilities 80, those installed in the area containing the current position of the vehicle 10 (hereinafter referred to as "candidate external (discharge equipment)) information is displayed.

The control device 20 is, for example, an electronic control unit configured as an LSI device or a built-in electronic device that integrates a microprocessor, ROM, RAM, etc. Connected.

[1-2. Control overview]
The control device 20 predicts the locally generated power in the area including the current position of the vehicle 10 from at least one of the amount of solar radiation J and the wind speed U detected by the detectors 13 and 14, and predicts the locally generated power in accordance with the predicted locally generated power It controls the state of charge of the battery 2 . As a result, the control device 20 cooperates with the smart grid system 30 by itself without communicating with the smart grid system 30, and contributes to the supply and demand adjustment of electric power in the region. Specifically, the following three types of control are performed.
(1) Threshold setting control (2) Charging state control (3) Charging/discharging equipment display control

Threshold setting control is control for predicting the locally generated power from each detection information detected by the sunshine sensor 13 and the wind speed sensor 14 and setting the SOC threshold of the battery 2 according to the predicted locally generated power. Here, the SOC threshold is a threshold for determining whether or not the power generators 3 and 5 should be operated.

For example, the control device 20 calculates the average regionally generated power that averages the power normally generated in each region A to D (standard regionally generated power), and the fluctuations in the amount of solar radiation and wind speed in each region A to D. By storing an average fluctuation amount obtained by averaging fluctuation amounts of the regionally generated electric power according to each of the detection devices 13 and 14 and correcting the average regionally generated electric power with the average fluctuation amount according to each detection information detected by the detection devices 13 and 14, the regionally generated electric power is Predict power. For the standard locally generated power, for example, a value obtained by averaging the locally generated power for a predetermined period such as one month or one year can be set. If the scale of the regionally generated power differs for each of the regions A to D, the control device 20 preliminarily stores the standard regionally generated power for each of the regions A to D, and detects it by the detection devices 13 and 14. Locally generated power may be predicted according to each detection information obtained and information on the current position of the vehicle 10 measured by the positioning device 8 .

The control device 20 sets the SOC threshold to a value (eg, 30%) lower than the normal SOC threshold (eg, 50%) when the predicted locally generated power exceeds a preset first predetermined value. . The normal SOC threshold is the SOC threshold that is set when the SOC threshold of the battery 2 is not changed according to the predicted locally generated power, and is at least the SOC value indicating that the battery 2 is fully charged and the battery 2 is empty. Excludes SOC values that indicate charging. The normal SOC threshold is, for example, set to a value that is higher than the minimum SOC value at which the vehicle 10 can be driven only by the electric power of the battery 2 by a predetermined amount. Although the normal SOC threshold in this embodiment is described as a fixed value, the normal SOC threshold may be a variable value that is set according to the degree of deterioration of the battery 2, the temperature of the battery 2, and the like.

The first predetermined value is a predetermined value for determining whether or not the predicted locally generated power is greater than the generated power to be supplied to that area. The first predetermined value is, for example, the amount of locally generated power predicted when the amount of solar radiation J is a high amount of solar radiation J1 higher than the average amount of solar radiation J0, or when the wind speed U is a strong wind speed U1 higher than the average wind speed U0. It is set based on the value. Note that the first predetermined value in the present embodiment is preliminarily stored in the control device 20 as a fixed value that does not depend on the areas A to D, but the scale of the locally generated power differs in each area A to D. In some cases, a value may be set for each region.

For the average solar radiation amount J0, for example, a value obtained by averaging the solar radiation amount for a predetermined period such as one month or one year can be set. For the average wind speed U0, for example, a value obtained by averaging the wind speed over a predetermined period such as one month or one year can be set. Also, the high solar radiation amount J1 is set to a value that is higher than the preset average solar radiation amount J0 by a predetermined amount. Further, the strong wind speed U1 is set to a value that is higher than the preset average wind speed U0 by a predetermined amount.

When the control device 20 determines that the predicted locally generated power is large, it determines that there is a high possibility that there is a margin in the locally generated power, and sets the SOC threshold lower than the normal SOC threshold. As a result, it becomes difficult for internal charging to be performed while the vehicle 10 is being driven, thereby suppressing the consumption of on-vehicle fuel. Also, since the SOC of the battery 2 is maintained at a low level, the driver is encouraged to perform external charging.

In addition, when the predicted locally generated power falls below a preset second predetermined value, the control device 20 sets the SOC threshold to a value (e.g., 80%) that is higher than the normal SOC threshold (e.g., 50%). set to Here, the second predetermined value is a predetermined value for determining whether or not the predicted locally generated power is smaller than the generated power to be supplied to that area. The second predetermined value is, for example, the regional power generation predicted when the amount of solar radiation J is a low amount of solar radiation J2 that is lower than the average amount of solar radiation J0 and the wind speed U is a weak wind speed U1 that is lower than the average wind speed U0. is set based on the value of It should be noted that the second predetermined value of the present embodiment is preliminarily stored in the control device 20 as a fixed value that does not depend on the areas A to D, but the scale of the locally generated power is different in each of the areas A to D. In some cases, a value may be set for each region.

The low solar radiation amount J2 is set to, for example, the maximum solar radiation amount at which power generation by the photovoltaic power generation equipment 41 is difficult. The weak wind speed U2 is set to, for example, the maximum wind speed at which the wind turbines of the wind power generation facility 42 can hardly rotate.

When the control device 20 determines that the predicted locally generated power is small, it determines that there is a high possibility that the locally generated power is insufficient, and sets the SOC threshold to a value higher than the normal SOC threshold. . As a result, the SOC of the battery 2 is maintained at a high level, so that external charging is suppressed in the area where the vehicle 10 is present.

FIG. 3 shows a prediction map for predicting regional power generation based on the amount of solar radiation J and wind speed U. As shown in FIG. The prediction map in FIG. 3 defines that the higher the amount of solar radiation J and the wind speed U, the larger the regionally generated power predicted to be. Further, in the prediction map of FIG. 3, the amount of solar radiation J is a high amount of solar radiation J1, or the locally generated power when the wind speed U is a strong wind speed U1 is defined as the first predetermined value, and the amount of solar radiation J is low The second predetermined value is defined as the locally generated electric power when the amount is J2 and the wind speed U is the weak wind speed U1.

The control device 20 of this embodiment stores the map shown in FIG. 3 and predicts the locally generated power based on the amount of solar radiation J and the wind speed U detected by referring to the prediction map of FIG. The control device 20 also refers to the prediction map of FIG. 3 to determine whether the predicted locally generated power exceeds the first predetermined value and falls below the second predetermined value. The controller 20 determines that the predicted locally generated power exceeds the first predetermined value when the amount of solar radiation J exceeds the high amount of solar radiation J1 or the wind speed U exceeds the strong wind speed U1. Further, when the amount of solar radiation J is less than the low solar radiation amount J2 and the wind speed U is less than the weak wind speed U2, it is determined that the predicted locally generated power is less than the second predetermined value.

State-of-charge control is control for activating or stopping the power generators 3 and 5 based on the SOC threshold set by the threshold setting control described above. The controller 20 estimates the SOC of the battery 2, compares the estimated SOC with a set SOC threshold, and activates the generators 3 and 5 when the estimated SOC is below the set SOC threshold. to perform internal charging. Further, when the estimated SOC exceeds the set SOC threshold value during internal charging, the generators 3 and 5 are stopped to terminate the internal charging. In the present embodiment, the SOC is estimated as a ratio of the remaining power to the maximum charge capacity of the battery 2 expressed as a percentage.

The charging/discharging facility display control is a control to display on the display device 9 to prompt the driver to externally charge or externally discharge when it is determined that the predicted locally generated power is large or small. When the SOC threshold is set to a value lower than the normal SOC threshold, the control device 20 highlights candidate external charging facilities capable of charging the battery 2 with locally generated power in the area where the current position of the vehicle 10 is included. Let In addition, when the SOC threshold is set to a value higher than the normal SOC threshold, the control device 20 highlights the candidate external discharge equipment existing within the area including the current position of the vehicle 10 .

[1-3. control configuration]
As shown in FIG. 2, the control device 20 includes a power prediction unit 21, a setting unit 22, a control unit 23, a charging facility information storage unit 24, a charging facility display unit 25, A discharge equipment information storage unit 26 and a discharge equipment display unit 27 are provided. Each of these elements may be realized by an electronic circuit (hardware), or may be programmed as software, or a part of these functions is provided as hardware and the other part is provided as software. can be anything.

The power prediction unit 21 acquires the amount of solar radiation J detected by the sunshine sensor 13 and the wind speed U detected by the wind speed sensor 14, predicts the locally generated power from the acquired values, and transmits the predicted information to the setting unit 22. It is to communicate.

The electric power prediction unit 21 refers to the prediction map of FIG. Instead of referring to the prediction map to predict the locally generated power, the power prediction unit 21 may define a formula for predicting the locally generated power, and predict the locally generated power from this formula.

When obtaining the wind speed U, the power prediction unit 21 may determine whether or not the vehicle 10 is running. When the vehicle 10 is running, the electric power prediction unit 21 may acquire the value detected last time as the wind speed U instead of the value detected by the wind speed sensor 14 . Whether or not the vehicle 10 is running can be determined from a vehicle speed sensor (not shown) mounted on the vehicle. Further, when obtaining the amount of solar radiation J, the power prediction unit 21 may calculate the difference between the value detected last time and the value detected by the sunshine sensor 13 and determine the magnitude of the calculated difference. If the difference is large, the electric power prediction unit 21 determines that the vehicle 10 is likely to be in the shade, and acquires the value detected last time as the amount of solar radiation J instead of the value detected by the sunshine sensor 13. may

The setting unit 22 sets the SOC threshold of the battery 2 based on the locally generated power predicted by the power prediction unit 21 . The setting unit 22 sets the SOC threshold of the battery 2 to a value (30%) lower than the normal SOC threshold when the predicted locally generated power exceeds the first predetermined value. Further, when the predicted locally generated power is lower than the second predetermined value, the setting unit 22 sets the SOC threshold of the battery 2 to a value (80%) higher than the normal SOC threshold. Further, the setting unit 22 sets the SOC threshold of the battery 2 to the normal SOC threshold (50%) when the predicted locally generated power is equal to or less than the first predetermined value and equal to or greater than the second predetermined value.

The control unit 23 acquires the voltage V of the battery 2 detected by the voltage sensor 11 and the input/output current I of the battery 2 detected by the current sensor 12 to estimate the SOC of the battery 2. The set SOC threshold value is acquired, and the power generators 3 and 5 are controlled according to the estimated SOC and the acquired SOC threshold value.

The controller 23 calculates the SOC of the battery 2 based on the voltage V of the battery 2 detected by the voltage sensor 11, for example. Alternatively, the control unit 23 can calculate the charging rate SOC by integrating the input/output current I of the battery 2 detected by the current sensor 12 and tracking the increase/decrease change in the battery capacity.

When the estimated SOC is below the set SOC threshold, the control unit 23 operates the power generators 3 and 5 to perform internal charging. When the motor 3 can generate regenerative power, the control unit 23 operates the motor 3 to perform internal charging, and when the motor 3 cannot generate regenerative power, the control unit 23 operates the fuel cell 5 to perform internal charging. implement. Further, when the estimated SOC exceeds the set SOC threshold value during internal charging, the control unit 23 stops the power generators 3 and 5 in operation to terminate the internal charging.

The charging facility information storage unit 24 stores external charging facility information regarding each external charging facility 70 , and stores at least position information of each external charging facility 70 . Further, the discharge equipment information storage unit 26 stores external discharge equipment information related to each external discharge equipment 80 , and stores at least position information of each external discharge equipment 80 .

The charging facility display unit 25 acquires information on the current position of the vehicle 10 measured by the positioning device 8, refers to the external charging facility information stored in the charging facility information storage unit 24, and searches for candidate external charging facilities. , the candidate external charging facilities are displayed on the display device 9 .

Furthermore, the charging facility display unit 25 acquires the SOC threshold set by the setting unit 22, and if the SOC threshold is set to a value lower than the normal SOC threshold (that is, if the predicted locally generated power is large, If it is determined), the candidate external charging equipment is emphasized and displayed. For example, when the vehicle 10 is traveling in area A and the SOC threshold is set to a value lower than the normal SOC, the external charging facility 70A is highlighted as a candidate external charging facility.

The discharge facility display unit 27 acquires information on the current position of the vehicle 10 measured by the positioning device 8, refers to the external discharge facility information stored in the discharge facility information storage unit 26, and searches for candidate external discharge facilities. , the candidate external discharge equipment is displayed on the display device 9 .

Furthermore, the discharge facility display unit 27 acquires the SOC threshold set by the setting unit 22, and when the SOC threshold is set to a value higher than the normal SOC threshold (that is, when the predicted locally generated power is small) If it is determined), the candidate external discharge equipment is emphasized and displayed. For example, when the vehicle 10 is traveling in area A and the SOC threshold is set to a value higher than the normal SOC, the external discharge equipment 80A is highlighted as a candidate external discharge equipment.

[1-4. flowchart]
FIG. 4 is an example of a flow chart for explaining the contents of the above-described threshold setting control and charging/discharging equipment display control. This flowchart is executed at a predetermined calculation cycle after the main power supply of the vehicle 10 is turned on until the main power supply of the vehicle 10 is turned off. In other words, this flowchart is executed when the battery 2 is not used as power supply and demand adjustment means, that is, when the battery 2 is not connected to the transmission line N via the external charging equipment 70 or the external discharging equipment 80. be. It should be noted that this calculation cycle is performed at a cycle slower than the calculation cycle of the above-described state of charge control processing performed by the control unit 23 .

In step S1, information from the detection devices 13 and 14 and the positioning device 8 is acquired. In step S2, the locally generated power is predicted, and in step S3, it is determined whether or not the predicted locally generated power exceeds a first predetermined value. If it is determined in step S3 that the predicted locally generated power exceeds the first predetermined value, it is determined that there is a high possibility that the locally generated power is surplus, and in step S4 the SOC threshold is set to the normal SOC threshold. set to a lower value (30%) than In the subsequent step S5, the candidate external charging equipment is highlighted, and this flow is returned.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S3 that the predicted locally generated power does not exceed the first predetermined value, the process proceeds to step S6, where it is determined whether or not the predicted locally generated power falls below the second predetermined value. be judged. If it is determined in step S6 that the predicted locally generated power is below the second predetermined value, it is determined that there is a high possibility that the locally generated power is insufficient, and in step S7 the SOC threshold is set to normal SOC. Set to a value (80%) higher than the threshold. In the subsequent step S8, the candidate external discharge equipment is highlighted, and this flow is returned.

If it is determined in step S6 that the predicted locally generated power does not fall below the second predetermined value, the SOC threshold is set to the normal SOC threshold (50%), and this flow is returned. At this time, the candidate external charging equipment and the candidate external discharging equipment are displayed without being emphasized (normally displayed).

[1-5. action, effect]
(1) In the charging control system 1 described above, the state of charge of the battery 2 is controlled according to the predicted locally generated power. As a result, it is possible to increase the opportunities for the smart grid system 30 to use the battery 2 as means for adjusting power supply and demand. Therefore, when the supply and demand adjustment is necessary in the area including the current position of the vehicle 10, the battery 2 is more likely to be used as a power supply and demand adjustment means, so that the power generation cost in the area can be suppressed. Further, as a result, the cost of external charging can be reduced, so the convenience of the vehicle 10 can be improved.

In addition, in the charging control system 1 described above, the locally generated power is predicted from at least one of the amount of solar radiation J and the wind speed U detected by the on-vehicle detection devices 13 and 14, and the state of charge of the battery 2 is controlled. Even without communicating with the smart grid systems 30 of the regions A to D, the vehicle alone can contribute to supply and demand adjustment. Therefore, vehicles 10 that are not managed by the smart grid system 30 can also contribute to supply and demand adjustment, so it is possible to increase the introduction amount of power generation equipment using renewable energy in each region A to D.

(2) The control device 20 of the charging control system 1 described above sets the SOC threshold to a value lower than the preset normal SOC threshold when the predicted locally generated power exceeds the first predetermined value. In this way, the control device 20 sets the SOC threshold to a low value when it is judged that there is a high possibility that there is a margin in the locally generated power, so that the internal charging by the power generators 3 and 5 during driving of the vehicle is reduced. make it difficult to implement As a result, it is possible to encourage the driver to perform external charging while suppressing the consumption of on-vehicle fuel. In addition, when external charging is performed, a large amount of inexpensive electric power can be stored in the battery 2, so that charging costs can be saved. Also, on the smart grid system 30 side, since the surplus power in the region is consumed, the power supply and demand can be smoothed.

(3) The control device 20 of the charging control system 1 described above sets the SOC threshold to a value higher than the preset normal SOC threshold when the predicted locally generated power falls below the second predetermined value. In this way, the control device 20 maintains a high SOC state by setting the SOC threshold to a high value when it is determined that there is a high possibility that the locally generated power is insufficient. As a result, when the cost of external charging becomes relatively high, external charging is less likely to be performed, so it is possible to suppress an increase in the cost of charging. In addition, on the smart grid system 30 side, power consumption in the area is suppressed, so it is possible to suppress further worsening of the power shortage.

(4) The battery 2 of the charging control system 1 described above is configured to be able to supply power to the external discharge equipment 80 . Therefore, the electric power generated by the in-vehicle power generators 3 and 5 can be supplied through the connection with the external discharge equipment 80, which contributes to the smoothing of the electric power supply and demand. can receive charging incentives.

(5) When the SOC threshold is set to a value lower than the normal SOC threshold, the control device 20 described above emphasizes and displays the candidate external charging equipment. In this way, when it is determined that there is a high possibility that there is a margin in the locally generated power, the candidate external charging facility is emphasized and displayed, thereby informing the driver of the vehicle 10 that external charging can be carried out at a low cost. can be done. In addition, this increases the chances that the battery 2 will be used as power supply and demand adjustment means when supply and demand adjustment is required.

(6) Further, when the SOC threshold is set to a value higher than the normal SOC threshold, the above-described control device 20 emphasizes and displays the candidate external discharge equipment. In this way, when it is determined that there is a high possibility that the locally generated power is insufficient, the candidate discharge facility is highlighted to inform the driver of the vehicle 10 of the opportunity to receive more charging incentives. can be done. In addition, this increases the chances that the battery 2 will be used as power supply and demand adjustment means when supply and demand adjustment is required.

[2. Second Embodiment]
A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 5 to 7. FIG. In the present embodiment, a power generation equipment information storage unit 28 and an introduction amount acquisition unit 29 (elements indicated by a thick frame in FIG. 5) are added to the control device 20' of the charging control system 1' in addition to the first embodiment. Therefore, it is the same as the first embodiment except that the function of the setting unit 22' is partially different. Specifically, the setting unit 22′ sets not only the predicted regionally generated power, but also the introduction amount of power generation facilities that generate power using renewable energy in each region A to D (hereinafter referred to as “renewable energy dependency ” or simply “dependency”) is also used to set the SOC threshold. To explain with a flow chart, the part indicated by the bold frame in FIG. 7 is the process different from that in FIG. Other components are the same as those of the first embodiment, so the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment are given and the description thereof is omitted.

[2-1. composition]
As in the first embodiment, the control device 20' of the charging control system 1' of the present embodiment performs the above-described three controls (threshold setting control, charging state control, display control of charge/discharge equipment). However, the threshold setting control is different from that of the first embodiment. More specifically, the control device 20' predicts the locally generated power from each detection information detected by the sunshine sensor 13 and the wind speed sensor 14, and acquires the renewable energy dependency of the area including the current position of the vehicle 10. and set the SOC threshold based on the predicted regionally generated power and the obtained renewable energy dependency.

Specifically, when the region including the current position of the vehicle 10 is highly dependent on renewable energy, the control device 20 ′ sets the SOC threshold so that the battery 2 can more easily contribute to supply and demand adjustment. Moreover, when the region including the current position of the vehicle 10 is less dependent on renewable energy, the charging control system 1 ′ sets the SOC threshold so as to suppress fluctuations in the SOC. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the degree of dependence on renewable energy in each region A to D is set to "high", "standard ” and “Low”.

When the region including the current position of the vehicle 10 has a high degree of dependence on renewable energy and the predicted locally generated power exceeds the first predetermined value, the control device 20′ determines whether the region has a standard degree of dependence. Set the SOC threshold to a value (eg, 15%) lower than the SOC threshold (eg, 30%) set in . Further, when the region including the current position of the vehicle 10 is highly dependent on renewable energy and the predicted locally generated power is below the second predetermined value, the control device 20′ sets the degree of dependency to standard. Set the SOC threshold to a value (eg, 85%) higher than the SOC threshold (eg, 80%) set in the region.

Further, when the region including the current position of the vehicle 10 has a low degree of dependence on renewable energy, and the predicted locally generated power exceeds the first predetermined value, the control device 20' sets the degree of dependence to standard. Set the SOC threshold to a value (eg, 40%) higher than the SOC threshold (eg, 30%) set in the region. Further, when the region including the current position of the vehicle 10 has a low degree of dependence on renewable energy, and the predicted locally generated power is below the second predetermined value, the control device 20′ sets the degree of dependence to standard. Set the SOC threshold to a value (eg, 60%) lower than the SOC threshold (eg, 80%) set in the region.

FIG. 6 illustrates a table for setting SOC thresholds based on renewable energy dependence. As shown in FIG. 6, the SOC threshold set when the predicted locally generated power exceeds the first predetermined value (that is, when it is determined that the locally generated power is large) is a lower value as the dependence value increases. It is said that On the other hand, the SOC threshold set when the predicted locally generated power is lower than the second predetermined value (that is, when it is determined that the locally generated power is small) is set to a higher value as the dependency value increases. The charging control system 1' stores a table such as that shown in FIG. 6, and sets the SOC threshold according to the regionally generated power predicted based on this table and the obtained degree of dependence.

In order to carry out the above-described control, the control device 20' of the charging control system 1' includes, as shown in FIG. A facility display unit 25, a discharge facility information storage unit 26, a discharge facility display unit 27, a power generation facility information storage unit 28, and an introduction amount acquisition unit 29 are provided.

The power generation facility information storage unit 28 stores power generation facility information including the installed amount of power generation facilities that generate power using renewable energy among the power generation facilities 40 (dependence on renewable energy) for each region.

The introduction amount acquisition unit 29 acquires information on the current position of the vehicle 10 measured by the positioning device 8, refers to the power generation equipment information stored in the power generation equipment information storage unit 28, and determines whether the current position of the vehicle 10 is included. It obtains the degree of dependence on renewable energy in the area where the energy is generated, and transmits the obtained degree of dependence to the setting unit 22'.

[2-2. flowchart]
FIG. 7 is an example of a flow chart for explaining the contents of the threshold setting control and charge/discharge facility display control of the charge control system 1' described above. In this flowchart, step S4' is performed instead of step S4 of the flowchart of FIG. 4 described in the first embodiment, and step S7' is performed instead of step S7.

In this flowchart, after various information is acquired and the locally generated power is predicted (steps S1 and S2), when the predicted locally generated power exceeds the first predetermined value (Yes route of step S3), the vehicle 10 is obtained, and the SOC threshold is set based on the obtained dependence (step S4'). After that, in step S5, the external charging facility is highlighted, and this flow is returned.

On the other hand, when the predicted locally generated power does not exceed the first predetermined value (No route of step S3), but falls below the second predetermined value (Yes route of step S6), the current position of the vehicle 10 is obtained, and the SOC threshold is set based on the obtained dependence (step S7'). After that, in step S8, the external discharge equipment is highlighted, and this flow is returned. In addition, since the process when it is not less than the second predetermined value (No route of step S6) is the same as the flow of FIG. 4, the description is omitted.

[2-3. action, effect]
According to the charging control system 1' of the present embodiment, the SOC threshold is set based not only on the predicted locally generated power but also on the degree of dependence on renewable energy in the area where the current position of the vehicle 10 is located. The state of charge of the battery 2 can be controlled more appropriately.

Specifically, in regions where many power generation facilities that generate power using renewable energy have been introduced, regionally generated power fluctuates greatly according to the amount of solar radiation and wind speed compared to other regions. Therefore, when the region including the current position of the vehicle 10 is highly dependent on renewable energy and it is determined that the predicted regionally generated power is large, the SOC is maintained at a lower state. By setting the threshold value, it is possible to prompt the driver of the vehicle 10 to perform external charging in that area, and at the time of performing external charging, it is possible to store a large amount of locally generated power in the battery 2, so that supply and demand adjustment can be performed. can contribute to Further, when it is determined that the predicted locally generated power is small, by keeping the SOC at a higher state, the driver of the vehicle 10 can refrain from external charging in that area, Since more internally generated electric power can be supplied via the discharge equipment 80, it is possible to contribute to supply and demand adjustment.

On the other hand, in areas where power generation equipment that uses renewable energy to generate power has not been introduced, fluctuations in locally generated power according to the amount of solar radiation and wind speed are small compared to other areas. Therefore, when the region including the current position of the vehicle 10 is less dependent on renewable energy, the SOC threshold is set so as to suppress fluctuations in the SOC. It is possible to suppress power consumption and improve fuel efficiency.

[3. Third Embodiment]
A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 5 and 8. FIG. This embodiment is the same as the second embodiment except that the function of a setting unit 22'' of a control device 20'' provided in a charging control system 1'' is partially different from that of the second embodiment. Specifically, in the setting unit 22″, the predetermined value for determining the magnitude of the predicted regionally generated power is set to a different value according to the degree of dependence on renewable energy in each region A to D (see FIG. 1). different in that Other components are the same as those of the second embodiment, so the same reference numerals as those of the second embodiment are given and the description thereof is omitted.

[3-1. composition]
As in the second embodiment, the control device 20 ″ of the charging control system 1 ″ of the present embodiment performs the above-described three controls (threshold setting control, charging state control, display control of charge/discharge equipment). However, the threshold setting control is different from that of the second embodiment. More specifically, after predicting the locally generated power, the control device 20″ obtains the degree of dependence on renewable energy in the region where the current position of the vehicle 10 is located, and predicts the predicted regionally generated power based on the obtained degree of dependence. A predetermined value for determining the magnitude of is set, and the SOC threshold of the battery 2 is set.

Specifically, when the acquired dependence degree is high, the control device 20″ sets a predetermined value for determining whether the locally generated power is large or not in the first region where the dependence degree is standard. A value lower than the predetermined value (first predetermined value ') is set. On the other hand, when the obtained degree of dependence is low, the control device 20'' sets a predetermined value for determining whether or not the locally generated power is large. is set to a value (first predetermined value") higher than the first predetermined value set in the region where the degree of dependence is standard.

Further, when the acquired dependence degree is high, the control device 20 ″ sets the predetermined value for determining whether the regionally generated power is small or not higher than the second predetermined value set in the region where the dependence degree is standard. is set to a high value (second predetermined value'). On the other hand, if the acquired dependence degree is low, the control device 20'' sets the predetermined value for determining whether the regionally generated power is small to the dependence degree. is set to a value (second predetermined value") lower than the second predetermined value set in the standard region.

FIG. 8 shows a prediction map for determining the size of the locally generated power predicted based on the amount of solar radiation J and the wind speed U. As shown in FIG. The control device 20″ of this embodiment stores the map shown in FIG. 8, predicts the locally generated power with reference to this prediction map, and determines the magnitude of the predicted locally generated power.

[3-2. action, effect]
According to the charging control system 1″ of the present embodiment, the predetermined value for determining the magnitude of the predicted locally generated power is set based on the degree of dependence on renewable energy in the area where the current position of the vehicle 10 is located. Therefore, the state of charge of the battery 2 can be controlled more appropriately.

Specifically, in regions where many power generation facilities that generate power using renewable energy have been introduced, regionally generated power fluctuates greatly according to the amount of solar radiation and wind speed compared to other regions. Therefore, when the region including the current position of the vehicle 10 highly depends on renewable energy, the predetermined value for determining whether the locally generated power is large is set low. A predetermined value for determining whether or not is set high. This makes it easier to change the SOC threshold according to the predicted locally generated power, so it is possible to provide more opportunities for the battery 2 to be used as a means of adjusting power supply and demand, thereby contributing to supply and demand adjustment. can be done.

On the other hand, in areas where power generation equipment that uses renewable energy to generate power has not been introduced, fluctuations in locally generated power according to the amount of solar radiation and wind speed are small compared to other areas. Therefore, when the region including the current position of the vehicle 10 has a low degree of dependence on renewable energy, the predetermined value for determining whether or not the locally generated power is large is set high. A predetermined value for determining whether or not is set low. This makes it difficult to change the SOC threshold according to the predicted regionally generated power, so unnecessary vehicle fuel consumption and unnecessary power consumption can be suppressed, and fuel efficiency can be improved.

[4. others]
The configuration of the vehicle 10, the configuration of the charging control systems 1, 1', 1'' and the configuration of the controllers 20, 20', 20'' described above are examples, and are not limited to the above-described configurations. Also, the configurations and controls of the three embodiments described above may be combined. In this embodiment, the motor 3 and the fuel cell 5 are exemplified as the power generator, but in addition to or instead of the motor 3 and the fuel cell 5, an engine or a turbine may be used.

In the charging control system 1, 1', 1'' described above, both the sunshine sensor 13 and the wind speed sensor 14 are provided, and the locally generated electric power is predicted from both the amount of solar radiation J and the wind speed U. The charge control system 1, 1', 1'' should be able to detect at least one of the amount of solar radiation J and the wind speed U. That is, the charge control system 1, 1', 1'' may be configured to include either one of the sunshine sensor 13 and the wind speed sensor .

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the solar radiation amount J is detected by the sunshine sensor 13, and the wind speed U is detected by the wind speed sensor 14. Not exclusively. For example, a sensor for detecting the operating state of wipers or a raindrop sensor can be used as a detector for detecting the amount of sunshine. Moreover, it is also possible to use an on-vehicle solar panel or an on-vehicle wind power generator as a detection device for detecting the amount of sunshine or the wind speed.

Further, in the present embodiment, the SOC threshold for determining whether or not to operate the stopped power generators 3 and 5 and the SOC threshold for determining whether or not to stop the operating power generators 3 and 5 Although the thresholds have been described as having the same value, the two SOC thresholds may have different values. In this case, the two SOC thresholds may be set individually according to the predicted regional power generation.

In addition, in the above-described second and third embodiments, it was explained that the degree of dependence on renewable energy in each region A to D is set in three stages of "high", "standard", and "low". , the method of setting the degree of dependence is not limited to this. The renewable energy dependency may be a parameter that indicates the amount of power generation facilities that generate power using renewable energy in each region A to D. For example, power generation that uses renewable energy in the region The dependence value may be obtained by subtracting the number of power generation facilities in the entire region from the number of facilities. Alternatively, the dependence value may be obtained by subtracting the power generated by the number of power generation facilities in the entire region from the power generated by the power generation facilities that generate power using renewable energy within the region. The renewable energy dependency of each region may be stored with different values depending on the day of the week or time instead of a fixed value.

1,1′,1″ charging control system 2 battery (storage device)
3 motor (generator)
4 inverter 5 fuel cell (power generator)
6 converter 7 onboard charger 7h charging port 8 positioning device 9 display device 10 vehicle 11 voltage sensor 12 current sensor 13 sunshine sensor (detection device)
14 Wind speed sensor (detection device)
20, 20′, 20″ control device 21 power prediction unit 22, 22′, 22″ setting unit 23 control unit 24 charging equipment information storage unit 25 charging equipment display unit 26 discharging equipment information storage unit 27 discharging equipment display unit 28 power generating equipment Information storage unit 29 Introduction amount acquisition unit 30, 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D Smart grid system 40, 40A, 40B, 40C, 40D Power generation equipment 41A, 41B, 41C, 41D Solar power generation equipment 42A, 42B, 42C, 42D Wind power Power generation equipment 50, 50A, 50B, 50C, 50D Storage equipment 60A, 60B, 60C, 60D Load 70, 70A, 70B, 70C, 70D External charging equipment 70a Charging gun 80, 80A, 80B, 80C, 80D External discharging equipment 80a Charging Gun N, NA, NB, NC, ND Transmission line J Insolation U Wind speed

Claims (7)

An in-vehicle charging control system equipped with a power storage device used in a smart grid system as a means of adjusting power supply and demand through connection with an external charging facility,
a positioning device that measures the current position of the vehicle;
a detection device that detects at least one of the amount of solar radiation and the wind speed that are correlated with the regionally generated power generated by the power generation facility in the region where the current position of the vehicle is included;
and a control device that controls the power generation device mounted on the vehicle,
The control device is
a power prediction unit that predicts the locally generated power from at least one of the amount of solar radiation and the wind speed detected by the detection device;
a setting unit that sets an SOC threshold for determining whether to operate the power generation device based on the predicted locally generated power;
a control unit that estimates the SOC of the power storage device and controls the operation of the power generation device according to the estimated SOC and the SOC threshold set by the setting unit. . The control device is
A power generation facility information storage unit that stores power generation facility information including the introduction amount of power generation facilities that generate power using renewable energy among the power generation facilities for each region;
an introduction amount acquisition unit that acquires the introduction amount of an area including the current position of the vehicle based on the information on the current position of the vehicle and the information on the power generation equipment measured by the positioning device;
2. The charging control system according to claim 1, wherein the setting unit sets the SOC threshold based on the introduction amount acquired by the introduction amount acquisition unit. The setting unit sets the SOC threshold to a value lower than a preset normal SOC threshold when the predicted locally generated power exceeds a preset first predetermined value. The charging control system according to claim 1 or 2. The control device is
a charging facility information storage unit that stores external charging facility information including location information of the external charging facility;
Based on the information on the current position of the vehicle measured by the positioning device and the information on the external charging facility, searching for the external charging facility in the area containing the current position of the vehicle as a candidate external charging facility, a charging facility display unit that displays the searched candidate external charging facility;
4. The charging facility display unit, when the SOC threshold is set to a value lower than the normal SOC threshold, emphasizes and displays the searched candidate external charging facility. charging control system. The setting unit sets the SOC threshold to a value higher than a preset normal SOC threshold when the predicted locally generated power falls below a preset second predetermined value. The charging control system according to any one of claims 1-4. 6. The charge control system according to claim 5, wherein said power storage device is configured to be capable of supplying power to an external discharge facility. The control device is
a discharge equipment information storage unit for storing external discharge equipment information including position information of the external discharge equipment;
Based on the information on the current position of the vehicle measured by the positioning device and the information on the external discharge equipment, the external discharge equipment within the area containing the current position of the vehicle is searched as a candidate external discharge equipment, a discharge equipment display unit that displays the searched candidate external discharge equipment,
7. The discharge equipment display unit, when the SOC threshold is set to a value higher than the normal SOC threshold, emphasizes and displays the retrieved candidate external discharge equipment. charging control system.

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