JP7148098B1 - Delivery plan determination device and delivery plan determination program - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to make it possible to determine an appropriate delivery plan according to the skill level of a service executor. The method acquires service specifying information including at least information on an execution point, acquires service executor information for specifying at least one or more service executors, and acquires service executor information for each service executor based on past work results. Acquire the standard time information set in advance for each work unit and each movement unit, and acquire the coefficient information to be multiplied by the standard time information set for each work unit and movement unit. , for each scheduled work unit and movement unit, the standard time is multiplied by the coefficient information to calculate the estimated time corresponding to the skill level, and for a plurality of services, at least one time within a predetermined time frame Each of the above service executors determines a delivery plan by solving a combinatorial optimization problem regarding the combination of executable services, the order of execution and/or the optimum route using the calculated assumed time. [Selection drawing] Fig. 2

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a delivery plan determination device and a delivery plan determination program capable of determining an appropriate delivery plan according to the skill level of a service executor.

Conventionally, in the field of "combinatorial optimization", research has mainly focused on "modeling real-world problems into combinatorial optimization problems" and "devising solutions to certain combinatorial optimization problems". Among combinatorial optimization problems, there is a problem called "vehicle routing problem (VRP)". This is the length of the route in the vehicle's route (order of orders) such that every order is visited exactly once by any vehicle when multiple vehicles and multiple orders are entered. The problem is to find the one that minimizes the sum of Over the decades, many problems have been proposed that incorporate constraints that appear in reality for VRP, and approximate solution methods for them have also been studied at the same time. In addition, there is a problem called "PDP: pickup and delivery problem" as a generalized problem of VRP. When multiple sets of visiting destinations for loading and unloading of cargo are entered, the same vehicle visits each destination for each pair, and after loading and unloading, the order is followed. The problem is to find the vehicle route that minimizes the sum of route lengths such that every destination is visited exactly once by any vehicle. Similar to VRP, a number of PDP problems that incorporate constraints that appear in reality have been proposed, and approximate solution methods for them have been studied at the same time.

For example, Patent Document 1 describes a delivery plan that determines how to distribute transport vehicles for transporting specified goods to delivery destinations, and an objective function related to service evaluation points and the number of transport vehicles for each delivery route. A technique is disclosed in which a plan is made using the

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-217168

By the way, in the case where a plurality of service executors share and visit the destination of each of a plurality of services, VRP and PDP are used to allocate a predetermined number of services to each service executor, and A process of searching for the order of execution and optimal route for a given number of services has been performed. At this time, conventionally, the work time required to process each service and the travel time required to move between the execution points of two services are uniformly set regardless of the service executor, and the VRP and PDP are solved. In this way, if a uniform setting is made, there will be a large difference in the actual work time and travel time between a veteran who has a lot of experience and a newcomer who has just started to learn the job. Because it was not possible to take into account the actual work time and travel time that changed depending on the degree, the amount of work exceeded the capacity for newcomers, and the allocation was difficult for highly skilled veterans. There is a risk that an inappropriate delivery plan that does not match the actual situation may result, such as having too much leeway in the amount of work and being overwhelmed with time.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a delivery plan determination device and a delivery plan determination program capable of determining an appropriate delivery plan according to the skill level of a service executor.

A delivery plan determination device according to the present invention is for determining a combination of services executable by at least one or more service executors, an execution order, and an optimum route for a plurality of services executed at different locations. A delivery plan determination device, comprising: a service specifying information acquisition unit for acquiring service specifying information including at least information on an execution point for each of the plurality of services; and a service execution for specifying at least one or more service executors. a service executor information acquisition unit that acquires service executor information; and a skill information acquisition unit that acquires skill level information set for each service executor based on past work results based on the service executor information. , a standard work time set in advance for each work unit to be executed at the execution point of each of the plurality of services, and/or each movement unit when moving between any two execution points of the plurality of services a standard time information acquisition unit that acquires a standard travel time set in advance in the proficiency level; a coefficient information acquisition unit that acquires information based on the information; an estimated work time and/or an estimated travel time, and a combination of services that can be executed by at least one or more of the service executors within a predetermined time frame for the plurality of services, a delivery plan determination unit that determines a delivery plan by solving a combinatorial optimization problem regarding the execution order and/or the optimal route using the estimated work time and/or the estimated travel time.

Further, in the delivery plan determination apparatus according to the present invention, the skill level information calculates an average work time of the plurality of service executors for each work unit, and calculates the actual work time of each service executor and the average work time. is used to calculate a deviation value for each task, and based on the deviation values for a plurality of tasks, the skill level of each service executor is determined and stored as skill level information.

Further, the delivery plan determination apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that the coefficients acquired by the coefficient information acquisition unit are stored with varying amounts according to skill level for each work unit and each movement unit.

A delivery plan determination program according to the present invention determines a combination of services executable by at least one or more service executors, an execution order, and an optimal route for a plurality of services executed at different locations. A delivery plan determination program to be implemented on a computer, wherein the computer includes a service specifying information acquisition function for acquiring service specifying information including at least information on execution points for each of the plurality of services, and at least one or more of the above A service executor information acquisition function for acquiring service executor information for specifying a service executor; a standard work time set in advance for each work unit to be executed at the execution point of each of the plurality of services, and/or any two execution points of the plurality of services a standard time information acquisition function for acquiring a standard travel time set in advance for each travel unit when moving between a coefficient information acquisition function for acquiring coefficient information based on the skill level information; and an estimated time calculation function that calculates an estimated work time and/or an estimated travel time according to the skill level by multiplying by , and at least one or more of the service executors within a predetermined time frame for the plurality of services A delivery plan determination function that determines a delivery plan by solving a combinatorial optimization problem regarding a combination of executable services, an order of execution, and/or an optimal route, using the estimated work time and/or the estimated travel time. It is characterized by realizing

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it becomes possible to provide the delivery plan determination apparatus and delivery plan determination program which can determine the appropriate delivery plan according to the skill level of the service executor.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a block diagram showing the structure of the whole system for implement|achieving the delivery plan determination apparatus which concerns on this invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is explanatory drawing showing an example of a structure of the delivery plan determination apparatus (server apparatus) 10 which concerns on this invention. It is a flowchart figure showing the flow of the delivery plan determination process in the delivery plan determination apparatus 10 which concerns on this invention.

[First embodiment]
Hereinafter, an example of the delivery plan determination device according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the entire system for realizing a delivery plan determination device according to the present invention. Note that the delivery plan determination device 10 may be a device designed as a dedicated machine, but it can be realized by a general computer or server device. In this case, the delivery plan determination device 10 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), a memory , a hard disk drive, etc. (not shown). Needless to say, various processes are executed by a program in order to make these general computers and server devices function as the delivery plan determination device 10 of this example.

As shown in FIG. 1, the configuration of the entire system for realizing the delivery plan determination device includes a server device 10 and service executor terminals 201 to 20n (hereinafter collectively referred to as service executor terminal 20). ) and headquarters terminal 30 are configured to be mutually connectable via communication network 40 . Of these, the headquarters terminal 30 is a terminal device that is assumed to be used at the headquarters of the service provider, but is not an essential component. A case where the server device 10 functions as the delivery plan determination device 10 of this example will be described below as an example.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the configuration of the delivery plan determination device (server device) 10 according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the delivery plan determination device 10 includes a service identification information acquisition unit 11, a service executor information acquisition unit 12, a skill level information acquisition unit 13, a standard time information acquisition unit 14, coefficient information At least an acquisition unit 15 , an estimated time calculation unit 16 , a delivery plan determination unit 17 , and a storage unit 18 are provided.

The service identification information acquisition unit 11 has a function of acquiring service identification information including at least information on execution points for each of a plurality of services.

Here, in this example, the term "service" refers to a segmented unit of work that needs to be performed by stopping (stopping) a mobile object such as a vehicle. As an example, in the case of a business that collects a package at a certain point and delivers it to another point, a collection service (pick-up service) and a delivery service (delivery service) are required services.

The service identification information is information necessary for identifying the contents of each service, such as information on the type of each service such as collection and delivery, execution point information on each service, and package information handled by each service.

Also, the execution point information is information for specifying the position where the service is executed. For example, location information given by an address and location information specified by latitude and longitude can be mentioned. In this example, it is assumed that position information acquired as an execution point for a service is position information relating to one point representing the place where the service is executed. The delivery plan determination device 10 in this example is premised on determining the optimum route of movement when continuously processing a plurality of services each of which is executed at a different point. Therefore, the service identification information acquisition unit 11 acquires information on execution points of each of a plurality of services that may be processed.

If the delivery plan is to depart from a fixed place and return to a fixed place, it is sufficient to always use fixed departure point and return point information. In order to create a delivery plan based on the vehicle's expected position at the time of , it is necessary to acquire information on the vehicle's current position or future expected position. In that case, any means may be used as long as the vehicle position information can be acquired. You may make it acquire the positional information acquired based on a GPS function.

The service executor information acquisition unit 12 has a function of acquiring service executor information for specifying at least one service executor.

Here, the service executor information means information for specifying the service executor. The service executor information may be any information as long as the service executor can be identified, and may be identified by name, or may be identified by an identification ID without using a name. could be. The service executor information acquired here is service executor information about all service executors who can be in charge of executing the service in a predetermined time frame for determining the delivery plan based on this example.

The skill level information acquisition unit 13 has a function of acquiring skill level information, which is set for each service executor based on past work results, based on service executor information.

Here, the proficiency level information is information that represents the degree of proficiency in technology related to service execution, such as the skillfulness in executing an assumed service and the efficiency of movement when moving to a service execution point. and is set for each service executor. Any setting method may be used for the skill level information. For example, a method in which an administrator determines and sets based on past work results is conceivable. Alternatively, for example, an average work time by a plurality of service executors is calculated for each work unit, and a deviation value is calculated for each work unit using the actual work time and average work time of each service executor, and a plurality of A method of determining the proficiency level of each service executor based on the deviation value of the work is conceivable. More specifically, a method of calculating the average value of deviation values for a plurality of tasks and setting a rank indicating skill level according to the value of the average value of the deviation values is conceivable. 65 or more is proficiency 6, mean deviation 60 or more and less than 65 is proficiency 5, mean deviation 55 or more and less than 60 is proficiency 4, mean deviation 50 or more and less than 55 is proficiency 3, mean deviation 45 or more and less than 50 It is conceivable to set a skill level for each distribution band of deviation values, such as a skill level of 2 for each deviation value, and a skill level of 1 for an average deviation value of less than 45. The set skill level information is stored in the storage unit 18, for example, in association with the service executor information.

The standard time information acquisition unit 14 moves between any two execution points of the standard work time set in advance for each work unit to be executed at the execution point of each of the plurality of services and/or the plurality of services. It has a function of acquiring a standard travel time set in advance for each travel unit. Note that the term "standard time information" may be used as an expression that includes both standard work time information and standard travel time information.

Here, the standard work time and standard travel time represent the standard work time and travel time for a large number of service providers. The standard work time and standard travel time may be set by the administrator, or may be calculated based on the actual work time and travel time of a plurality of service providers. More specifically, the average values of actual work times and travel times of a plurality of service providers may be set as standard work times and standard travel times. As for the work unit for each service, a standard work time may be set as a work unit from stopping the vehicle to executing the service and starting the vehicle again. You can set working hours. As for the movement unit when moving between two execution points, a standard movement time may be set as a movement unit between two points, or a finer movement unit, for example, from one intersection to the next intersection. A standard travel time may be set as a unit of travel from one point to another, and the standard travel time required for travel between two points may be calculated by combining them.

The coefficient information acquisition unit 15 has a function of acquiring coefficient information, which is set for each work unit and each movement unit and by which the standard work time and/or the standard movement time is multiplied, based on the skill level information.

Here, the coefficient information is a coefficient used for changing the estimated work time and the estimated travel time according to the skill level by multiplying the standard work time and the standard travel time. Depending on the work content and movement section, there are tasks and movements that require a large amount of time depending on the level of skill, but on the other hand, there are tasks and movements that require almost the same amount of time regardless of the level of skill. By changing the coefficient set for the skill level, it is possible to adjust the influence of the skill level when calculating the estimated work time and the estimated travel time for each work unit and travel unit.

The estimated time calculation unit 16 multiplies the standard work time and/or the standard travel time by the coefficient information for each scheduled work unit and movement unit, thereby calculating the estimated work time and/or the estimated movement according to the skill level. It has a function to calculate time. It should be noted that the term "estimated time information" may be used as an expression that includes both the estimated work time information and the estimated travel time information.

Here, the estimated work time and the estimated travel time represent the required time that is actually assumed for the service executor of the skill level by reflecting the influence of the skill level. By multiplying the standard work time and standard travel time by the coefficient information set for each work unit and travel unit, the estimated work time and travel that reflect the effects of different skill levels for each work unit and travel unit are calculated. time can be obtained. If the estimated work time and travel time are calculated by setting a uniform coefficient according to the proficiency level for all work and all travel, there is a possibility that the expected work time and travel time that are not feasible will be set. However, as in this example, by calculating the estimated work time and estimated travel time by varying the effect of proficiency for each work unit and movement unit, the estimated work time, It is possible to set the estimated travel time.

The delivery plan determination unit 17 solves a combinatorial optimization problem regarding a combination of services that can be executed by each of at least one or more service executors within a predetermined time frame, an order of execution, and/or an optimal route for a plurality of services. using the assumed work time and/or the assumed travel time to determine the delivery plan.

Here, the delivery plan includes a combination of services assigned to each of at least one or more service executors within a predetermined time frame, an execution order of the assigned services, and an optimal route for sequentially executing the assigned services. Refers to information for instructing Although it is not necessary to determine all of the service combination, execution order, and optimum route as a delivery plan, it is preferable that all of them be determined. By estimating the required time for each work unit and movement unit in the delivery plan based on the estimated work time and/or the estimated travel time determined according to the skill level of the service executor, If a service is assigned to a service with a combination of , it can be determined with high accuracy whether it can be processed within the time frame, so it is possible to formulate a delivery plan with little deviation from the actual required time. . The combinatorial optimization problem for determining the delivery plan is solved by, for example, known VRP and PDP.

The storage unit 18 has a function of storing data necessary for various processes performed in the delivery plan determination device 10 and data obtained as a result of the processes. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, service specifying information, service executor information, skill level information, standard time information, coefficient information, etc. may be stored in the storage unit 18 .

Next, the flow of the delivery plan decision processing in the delivery plan decision device 10 according to the present invention will be explained. FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing the flow of the delivery plan determination process in the delivery plan determination device 10 according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the delivery plan determination process is started by acquiring service specifying information including information on execution points for each of a plurality of services (step S101). Next, the delivery plan determination device 10 acquires service executor information (step S102). Next, the delivery plan determination device 10 acquires skill level information set for each service executor (step S103). Next, the delivery plan determination device 10 acquires standard time information (step S104). Next, the delivery plan determination device 10 acquires coefficient information (step S105). Next, the delivery plan determination device 10 calculates estimated time information using standard time information and coefficient information (step S106). Then, the delivery plan determination device 10 determines a delivery plan by solving a combinatorial optimization problem using the estimated time information as a parameter (step S107), and ends the delivery plan determination process.

As described above, according to the delivery plan determination device 10 according to the present example, the service specifying information acquisition unit acquires service specifying information including at least information on execution points for each of the plurality of services, and at least one or more of the services a service executor information acquiring unit for acquiring service executor information for specifying a executor; a standard work time set in advance for each work unit to be executed at the execution point of each of the plurality of services, and/or the execution point of any two of the plurality of services A standard time information acquiring unit that acquires a standard travel time set in advance for each travel unit when moving between locations, and a standard work time and/or the standard travel time that are multiplied based on the acquired skill level information. a coefficient information acquisition unit that acquires coefficient information; An estimated time calculation unit that calculates work time and/or estimated travel time, and combination and execution of services that can be executed by at least one or more of the service executors within a predetermined time frame for the plurality of services. a delivery plan determination unit that determines a delivery plan by solving a combinatorial optimization problem for the order and/or the optimal route using the assumed work time and/or the assumed travel time. By calculating the estimated work time and estimated travel time by varying the effect of proficiency for each movement unit, it is possible to set the estimated work time and estimated travel time within a realistic range. It is possible to determine with high accuracy which combination of services should be assigned to each service executor according to the level of proficiency so that the processing can be performed within the time frame. It is possible to formulate a delivery plan with less deviation.

Services in the present invention include delivery service, wholesale business to stores, maintenance of vending machines, home-visit medical care/home-visit nursing care, shared taxis, etc. Work at multiple bases is shared by multiple vehicles. The present invention can be applied to any type of industry in the form of

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various configurations or embodiments can be adopted without departing from the gist of the present invention.

10 delivery plan determination device 11 service identification information acquisition unit 12 vehicle related information acquisition unit 13 cost information acquisition unit 14 delivery plan determination unit 15 coefficient information acquisition unit 16 assumed time calculation unit 17 delivery plan determination unit 18 storage unit 20 service executor terminal 30 headquarters terminal 40 communication network

Claims (2)

A delivery plan determination device for determining a combination of services executable by each of at least one or more service executors, an execution order and an optimum route for a plurality of services each executed at a different point,
a service-specific information acquisition unit that acquires service-specific information including at least execution point information for each of the plurality of services;
a service executor information acquisition unit that acquires service executor information for identifying at least one service executor;
a proficiency level information acquiring unit that acquires proficiency level information set for each service executor based on past work results based on the service executor information;
A standard work time set in advance for each work unit to be executed at the execution point of each of the plurality of services, and/or each movement unit when moving between any two execution points of the plurality of services a standard time information acquisition unit that acquires a preset standard travel time;
a coefficient information acquisition unit that acquires coefficient information set for each of the work unit and the movement unit and to be multiplied by the standard work time and/or the standard movement time based on the skill level information;
For each scheduled work unit and movement unit, the standard work time and/or the standard movement time are multiplied by the coefficient information to calculate the estimated work time and/or the estimated movement time according to the skill level. an estimated time calculation unit;
With respect to the plurality of services, at least one or more of the service executors can solve the combinatorial optimization problem regarding the combination, execution order and/or optimal route of the services that can be executed by each of the service executors within a predetermined time frame. and/or a delivery plan determination unit that determines a delivery plan by solving using the estimated travel time ,
The skill level information is calculated by calculating an average work time by the plurality of service executors for each work unit, and calculating a deviation value for each work unit using the actual work time and the average work time for each service executor. Then, an average value of deviation values for a plurality of tasks is calculated for each service executor, and based on the average value of the deviation values, a rank indicating skill level of each service executor is determined and stored as skill level information. ,
The coefficients acquired by the coefficient information acquisition unit are stored for each work unit and each movement unit, reflecting the influence of the rank indicating skill level on the work time and movement time in the amount of change in the coefficient.
Delivery plan decision device. A delivery plan determination program for causing a computer to implement a process of determining the combination of services executable by at least one or more service executors, the order of execution, and the optimum route for a plurality of services each executed at a different point. and
to the computer;
a service-specific information acquisition function for acquiring service-specific information including at least execution point information for each of the plurality of services;
a service executor information acquisition function for acquiring service executor information for identifying at least one service executor;
a skill level information acquisition function for acquiring skill level information set for each service executor based on past work results based on the service executor information;
A standard work time set in advance for each work unit to be executed at the execution point of each of the plurality of services, and/or each movement unit when moving between any two execution points of the plurality of services A standard time information acquisition function that acquires a preset standard travel time;
a coefficient information acquisition function for acquiring, based on the proficiency level information, coefficient information set for each of the work unit and the movement unit and to be multiplied by the standard work time and/or the standard movement time;
For each scheduled work unit and movement unit, the standard work time and/or the standard movement time are multiplied by the coefficient information to calculate the estimated work time and/or the estimated movement time according to the skill level. Estimated time calculation function,
With respect to the plurality of services, at least one or more of the service executors can solve the combinatorial optimization problem regarding the combination, execution order and/or optimal route of the services that can be executed by each of the service executors within a predetermined time frame. and/or realizing a delivery plan determination function that determines a delivery plan by solving using the estimated travel time,
The skill level information is calculated by calculating an average work time by the plurality of service executors for each work unit, and calculating a deviation value for each work unit using the actual work time and the average work time for each service executor. Then, an average value of deviation values for a plurality of tasks is calculated for each service executor, and based on the average value of the deviation values, a rank indicating skill level of each service executor is determined and stored as skill level information. ,
The coefficients obtained by the coefficient information obtaining unit are stored for each work unit and each movement unit, reflecting the influence of the rank indicating skill level on the work time and movement time in the amount of change in the coefficient.
Delivery plan determination program.

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