JP7134043B2 - Power system and power system control method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a power supply system and a control method for the power supply system.

136 of the world's largest companies currently participate in the RE100, a consortium of companies that aims to convert all the electricity used by companies in their business activities to renewable energy (hereafter referred to as renewable energy or renewable energy). Seven companies from Japan are participating, and in July 2018, the Ministry of the Environment and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs are in the process of applying. The conditions for renewable energy procurement stipulated by "RE100" are as follows.

〇In-house equipment ・Self-consumption of solar power generation on the roof of the company building and wind power generation on the factory premises ・Purchase from equipment of other companies (purchase of solar power generation installed on the roof of other companies)
〇Other than in-house facilities ・Procure directly from renewable energy power plants constructed outside the company's premises (using private lines)
・Direct procurement from other companies' renewable energy power plants constructed outside the company's premises (via the power grid)
・Contract a power menu that handles power derived from renewable energy ・Purchase a renewable energy certificate

Currently, it is said that there are many indirect "renewable energy uses" by purchasing renewable energy certificates. In Japan, there is a service that extracts the environmental value of existing hydroelectric power generation and provides it to specific consumers as a power menu, but the absolute amount of renewable energy has not increased, so other consumers will end up using it. The CO ₂ emission factor of electric power will rise, and it cannot be said to be a fundamental solution.

In addition, with the introduction of the feed-in tariff system for renewable energy (hereinafter referred to as the FIT system) in Japan in July 2012, electric power companies are obliged to purchase renewable energy power at a fixed price for a certain period of time. Power generation, mainly from renewable energy sources, increased sharply. However, the cost for power companies to purchase electricity is covered by a "renewable energy levy (renewable energy generation promotion levy)" collected from all electricity users as part of their electricity bills. Therefore, all electricity users bear the cost of FIT electricity, and the environmental value belongs to the people who use electricity, so it cannot be used for RE100.

Against this backdrop, there is a growing need among companies working on decarbonization to "help reduce their own CO2 emissions" by self-consumption of renewable energy power such as solar power generation without using the FIT system. ing.

<Self-consignment system>
In April 2014, a self-consignment system was implemented as part of the electricity liberalization. This is a power transmission service provided by a general electric utility that enables a company to supply power generated in-house at a factory or the like to a remote office using the transmission and distribution network of an electric power company (see Figure 3). FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the "image of consignment supply by institutionalization of self-consignment" described in Non-Patent Document 1. As shown in FIG. In the configuration shown in FIG. 3, power generated by a private power generation facility 101 is transmitted to a facility 103 such as a company's own factory located at another location via a power transmission and distribution network 102 owned by a general electric utility.

In self-consignment, the "simultaneous equality of planned value" rule is applied, and there is an obligation to simultaneously equalize both power generation and demand. It is necessary to match the power generation plan or the demand plan formulated in advance with the actual power generation performance or demand performance in the actual supply every 30 minutes. If the plan and actual results do not match, it is necessary to pay an "imbalance fee" according to the amount.

There are a method of supplying all the electric power of the consumer and a partial supply in proportion to the retailer, and there are the following three patterns in the partial supply. (1) Cross-sectional partial supply: retailers provide a fixed amount of base supply, and self-consignment provides load-following supply (and vice versa). (2) Vertical partial supply: Self-consignment provides load-following supply during some time periods, and retailers perform load-following supply during other time periods. (3) Notification-type partial supply: Self-consignment provides base supply at the notified price, and retailers perform load-following supply excluding the notified price.

Some companies have already taken advantage of this system, newly installing 8 MW class and 5 MW class cogeneration facilities in their factories, and transferring part of the generated power (surplus power) through the power system to remote locations about 50 km away. There is a case of self-consignment to another factory with notification type partial supply method.

Currently in Japan, the FIT system is implemented, and it is economically rational to “sell” renewable energy power such as solar power and wind power. No attempt has been made to consign.
Assume that the head office of a company aiming to realize RE100 is a high-rise building located in an urban area, and its business bases are low-rise buildings scattered in various places. In general, high-rise buildings in urban areas have limited rooftop areas and vacant lots where solar power generation can be installed, and it is not possible to meet the power demand of the headquarters with renewable energy power. On the other hand, if photovoltaic power generation is installed on the roof of a low-rise building that is a business base, there is a possibility that renewable energy power alone will exceed the power demand at each base, and the generation of surplus renewable energy power can be expected.

As an example of measures to realize RE100, it is conceivable to self-consign surplus renewable energy power of business bases scattered in various places to the head office. In order to realize self-consignment with notification-type partial supply, it is necessary to compensate for output fluctuations of renewable energy power generation power by using storage batteries, etc. 4). FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a configuration for self-consignment of renewable energy as a means of realizing RE100. In the configuration example shown in FIG. 4, the electric power generated by private power generation facilities 211 and 221 at a business site or the like is transmitted via a power transmission/distribution network 231 owned by a general electric utility company to a facility 241 at a head office located in an urban area. is transmitted to In the configuration example shown in FIG. 4 , the private power generation facility 211 includes a photovoltaic power generation system 212 and a storage battery system 213 , and the private power generation facility 221 includes a photovoltaic power generation system 222 and a storage battery system 223 .

As an example of research and development related to the above technical issues, the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (hereinafter referred to as NEDO) conducted a five-year demonstration study on the stabilization of large-scale photovoltaic power generation systems from 2006. (Non-Patent Document 2). One of the objectives was the development of output control technology (planned power generation technology development) that is consistent with the supply and demand plans of electric power companies that accept photovoltaic power. Using a large-capacity storage battery (rated 1,500 kW) to control the output of large-scale photovoltaic power generation (rated 5,000 kW) on the order of several hours, and by further improving the accuracy of solar radiation prediction, etc., the final probability is about 80%. It is reported that the operation was carried out according to plan. Figure 5 shows the test results of the planned power generation that was carried out. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the planned operation test results (FY 2006-2010 results report, Wakkanai site) in NEDO's "Demonstration Study on Stabilization of Photovoltaic Power Generation Systems for Large-Scale Power Supply". FIG. 5(a) is a diagram showing changes in the power generation plan (broken line) and the actual power plant output (solid line). The axis is the output [kW]. FIG. 5(b) shows changes in each output of PV (photovoltaic power generation) (solid line) and NaS battery (sodium sulfur battery (storage battery)) (dashed line) and storage battery SOC (State Of Charge; charging rate) (chain line). In the figure, the horizontal axis is time (the numerical values on the scale are "year/month/day"), and the vertical axis is output [kW] and SOC [%]. FIG. 5(c) is a diagram showing changes in the predicted value of solar radiation (30-minute value) and the measured value (30-minute average). , and the vertical axis is the amount of solar radiation [kW/m ² ].

The form of the daily planned generation is a "podium" type. The test time flow is as follows. That is, at 18:00, a power generation plan for the next day is created. In the operation on the day, prediction of operation performance and storage battery SOC transition is performed twice a day, at 10:00 and 15:00.
On the third and fifth days (August 21 and 23, 2010), although there was a discrepancy between the actual amount of solar radiation and the predicted value, the absolute value of solar radiation was low, so the maximum solar power output was about 1000 kW. It is considered that the large-capacity storage battery was able to adjust to the power generation plan value with a margin. On the other hand, on the second day (August 20, 2010), the actual amount of solar radiation significantly exceeded the predicted value, especially in the afternoon, so an unplanned power output occurred in the afternoon. On the 6th day (August 24, 2010), the actual amount of solar radiation greatly exceeded the predicted value in the morning, so the morning greatly deviated from the planned value due to the restriction of the storage battery output upper limit.

Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc., “Regarding change notification of wheeling service provisions due to revision of Electricity Business Act, etc.” , [online], December 26, 2013, [searched September 9, 2018], Internet <URL: http://www. kepco. co. jp/corporate/pr/2013/1226_1j. html>, Internet <URL: http://www. kepco. co. jp/corporate/pr/2013/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2013/12/26/1226_1j_01. pdf> New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO), “FY2006-FY2010 Result Report Demonstration Research on Stabilization of Photovoltaic Power Generation System for Large-Scale Power Supply (Wakkanai Site)”, [online], March 27, 2012, [Retrieved on September 9, 2018], Internet <URL: http://www. nedo. go. jp/library/seika/shosai_201203/20120000000077. html>

The problem to be solved is to build a power supply system configuration that contributes to planned power generation that minimizes risks, and to optimize the power generation plan, taking into account the occurrence of prediction errors inherent in solar radiation prediction technology and storage battery management technology. This means that the transformation has not been done yet.

In order to solve the above problems, one aspect of the present invention is to formulate a power transportation plan based on a predicted value of surplus power based on a difference between a predicted value of power generated by renewable energy and a predicted value of power demand, Based on the result of comparison between the predicted value and the actual value of the surplus power, and the result of comparison between the charging rate of the storage battery and the first set value, the amount of hydrogen produced and stored, the charge amount of the storage battery, and the fuel cell It is a power supply system including a control unit that controls the amount of power generation.

Further, according to one aspect of the present invention, in the above power supply system, the control unit increases the power generation amount of the fuel cell when the actual value of the surplus power does not exceed the predicted value of the surplus power, and when the actual value of the surplus power exceeds the predicted value of the surplus power and the charging rate of the storage battery exceeds the first set value, increasing the hydrogen production and storage amount, and increasing the charging rate of the storage battery to the first When the 1 setting value is not exceeded, the charging amount of the storage battery is increased.

Further, one aspect of the present invention is the power supply system described above, wherein, when the storage amount of the hydrogen exceeds a second set value, the control unit removes part or all of the stored hydrogen from the hydrogen transportation vehicle. to fill the hydrogen storage provided by

Further, according to one aspect of the present invention, in the above power supply system, the electric power generated by using the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage unit provided in the hydrogen transport vehicle as fuel is consumed on the receiving side of the electric power according to the transportation plan. be done.

In one aspect of the present invention, the control unit formulates a power transportation plan based on a predicted value of surplus power based on a difference between a predicted value of power generated by renewable energy and a predicted value of power demand, and Based on the result of comparison between the predicted value and the actual value of the surplus power and the result of comparison between the charging rate of the storage battery and the first set value, hydrogen is produced and stored, the charge amount of the storage battery, and the power generation of the fuel cell. A control method for a power supply system that controls the amount and

According to each aspect of the present invention, hydrogen production and storage, storage battery charging, and fuel cell power generation are used in combination. If there is an error between the value and the actual value, the error can be easily reduced.

1 is a configuration diagram showing a schematic configuration of a renewable energy self-consignment control system according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing an example of control logic for self-consignment of renewable power according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an image of consignment supply by institutionalizing self-consignment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structural example of self-consignment of renewable energy electric power. It is a figure which shows the planned operation test result in demonstration research, such as stabilization of the photovoltaic power generation system for large-scale power supply.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a schematic configuration of a renewable energy self-consignment control system according to one embodiment of the present invention. A self-consignment control system (power supply system, hereinafter referred to as a self-consignment control system) 1 for renewable energy (renewable energy) power shown in FIG. It comprises a planning system 2 (control unit) and a building energy management system (BEMS (Building and Energy Management System)) 3 which is the receiving side of self-consignment. The renewable energy power wheeling supply planning system 2 and the building energy control system 3 are composed of a computer such as a server and its peripheral devices, and operate by executing a predetermined program on the computer. A computer that constitutes the renewable energy power wheeling supply planning system 2 and the building energy control system 3 has, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a storage device, an input/output device, a communication device, and the like.

Renewable energy wheeling supply planning system 2 is a functional configuration composed of a combination of hardware such as a computer and peripheral devices that make up the system 2 and software such as programs and data stored in a predetermined storage device. As elements, a renewable energy generation power prediction system 21, a power demand prediction system 22, a wheeling supply planning unit 23, an equipment operation planning unit 24, an imbalance monitoring unit 25, a real-time control unit 26, and a predetermined storage device It has performance data 27 . In addition, the renewable energy electric power wheeling supply planning system 2 includes an electric load 71, a hydrogen production/storage system 72, a photovoltaic power generation system 73, a storage battery system 74, and a fuel cell system, which are respectively provided on the sending side of self-wheeling. 75 operations. Managing the operation in this embodiment means, for example, controlling the input/output of controllable power (generated power, charging/discharging power, power consumption, each power amount, etc.), and controlling the production, storage amount, and release amount of hydrogen. It means to control, to measure and record the actual value of input/output amount of electric power, and the like.

In the present embodiment, the renewable energy wheeling supply planning system 2 predicts renewable energy power generated by photovoltaic power generation and building power demand based on solar radiation forecast, and plans surplus power and self-wheeling power. At that time, the renewable energy power wheeling supply planning system 2 plans, for example, a rectangular or podium-type self-wheeling power suitable for self-wheeling in notification-type partial supply. In addition, when the generation of surplus power is predicted, the renewable energy power wheeling supply planning system 2 considers the existence of prediction errors contained in solar radiation amount prediction technology and storage battery management technology, Drafting an operation plan for hydrogen tanks and hydrogen storage devices that use hydrogen storage alloys, and completing preparations for each device. Similarly, the renewable energy transportation and supply planning system 2 draws up an operation plan for the hydrogen storage device and the fuel cell, and completes the preparation of each device. Also, the renewable energy wheeling supply planning system 2 similarly adjusts the storage battery SOC, which is the main adjustment power, and completes preparations. In addition, the renewable energy power wheeling supply planning system 2 monitors the difference between the predicted value and the actual value of surplus power, and if the actual value is large, hydrogen production is operated, and conversely, if the actual value is small, fuel Real-time control of battery power generation is performed and, for example, it is shaped into a rectangular or podium-shaped consignment power. In addition, even if surplus power generation is not predicted, the renewable energy power wheeling supply planning system 2 starts hydrogen production and stores hydrogen when surplus power actually occurs.

The electric load 71 shown in FIG. 1 is a collection of a plurality of power-consuming devices such as electric appliances managed by the renewable energy wheeling supply planning system 2 .

The hydrogen production/storage system 72 includes a hydrogen production device such as a water electrolysis device, a hydrogen storage device such as a high-pressure hydrogen tank and a hydrogen storage alloy tank, a control device, and the like. Based on the release plan, hydrogen is produced and stored, and the stored hydrogen is released. In addition, the hydrogen production/storage system 72 adjusts the amount of production, storage, and release of hydrogen according to instructions from the real-time control unit 26 . The hydrogen production/storage system 72 also notifies the equipment operation planning unit 24 and the real-time control unit 26 of information such as the amount of hydrogen stored. The hydrogen stored in the hydrogen production/storage system 72 is released toward the fuel cell system 75 or is released to fill the hydrogen transport vehicle 6 .

The photovoltaic power generation system 73 is a power generation system that includes a solar cell panel, a power conversion device, and the like, and outputs power generated by sunlight. Electric power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system 73 is supplied to, for example, an electric load 71, a hydrogen production/storage system 72, or a storage battery system 74, or via a power transmission/distribution network (not shown) owned by a general electric utility or the like. It may be supplied to an electrical load 81 managed by the building energy control system 3 . The electrical load 81 is a collection of a plurality of power-consuming devices such as electrical equipment managed by the building energy control system 3 .

The storage battery system 74 includes a storage battery, a charging/discharging device, a control device, and the like, and charges and discharges electric power based on a charging/discharging plan formulated by the equipment operation planning section 24 . In addition, the storage battery system 74 adjusts the charge/discharge amount of power according to instructions from the real-time control unit 26 . The storage battery system 74 also notifies the equipment operation planning unit 24 and the real-time control unit 26 of information such as the SOC of the storage battery. Moreover, the storage battery system 74 charges a storage battery with the electric power supplied from the solar power generation system 73 or the fuel cell system 75, for example. Also, the electric power discharged by the storage battery system 74 is supplied to the electric load 71 and the hydrogen production/storage system 72, or is supplied to the electric load 81 via a power transmission/distribution network (not shown).

The fuel cell system 75 uses the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen production/storage system 72 as fuel, causes a chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen in the air in the device, and generates power based on the power generation plan formulated by the equipment operation planning unit 24. do. Also, the fuel cell system 75 adjusts the power generation amount according to instructions from the real-time control unit 26 . Electric power generated by the fuel cell system 75 is supplied, for example, to the electric load 71 and the storage battery system 74, or supplied to the electric load 81 via a power transmission/distribution network (not shown).

The renewable energy power generation prediction system 21 predicts the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system 73 for each predetermined time slot in a predetermined period in the future based on weather forecast, solar radiation amount prediction, past performance, and the like.

The power demand prediction system 22 predicts the power demand (power consumption) of the electric load 71 for each predetermined time slot in a predetermined period in the future based on weather forecasts, past results, and the like.

The wheeling supply planning unit 23 predicts whether or not surplus power will be generated based on the prediction result of the renewable energy power generation prediction system 21 and the prediction result of the power demand prediction system 22, and if it is predicted that surplus power will be generated A plan for self-consignment of electric power (hereinafter referred to as a consignment power plan) is formulated based on the surplus electric power. The surplus power is the portion of the power generated by the renewable energy power generation prediction system 21 that exceeds the power demand predicted by the power demand prediction system 22 . In this embodiment, self-consignment of electric power means electric power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system 73, or hydrogen is produced and stored using the electric power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system 73, and the stored hydrogen is used as fuel. The power generated by the battery system 75 or the power generated by the solar power generation system 73 is charged in the storage battery system 74, and the power discharged from the storage battery system 74 is supplied to the building using the power transmission and distribution network of a general electric utility. 80 (electric load 81). In the wheeling power plan, the power to be wheeled for each predetermined time slot in a predetermined period in the future is determined. In addition, the wheeling supply planning unit 23 notifies the cross-regional power management promotion organization system 4 of the wheeling power plan using the day-ahead spot market or the like via the communication network 5 such as the Internet. In addition, the wheeling supply planning unit 23 receives a notification indicating whether or not the plan has been approved from the system 4 of the organization for cross-regional transmission of electricity.

The equipment operation planning unit 24 prepares an operation plan for hydrogen production and storage based on the prediction results of the renewable energy power generation power prediction system 21, the prediction results of the power demand prediction system 22, and the wheeling power plan drawn up by the wheeling supply planning unit 23. Formulate operation plans for storage batteries and fuel cells. The hydrogen production/storage operation plan determines the amount of hydrogen produced and stored in the hydrogen production/storage system 72 for each predetermined time slot in a predetermined period in the future. The storage battery/fuel cell operation plan determines the charge/discharge power in the storage battery system 74 and the generated power in the fuel cell system 75 for each predetermined time period in a predetermined period in the future. The operation plan for hydrogen production/storage and the operation plan for the storage battery/fuel cell can be formulated, for example, with the goal that the storage amount of hydrogen, the SOC of the storage battery, etc. will be values within a predetermined range. The storage battery/fuel cell operation plan includes a plan for the amount of hydrogen released from the hydrogen production/storage system 72 . In addition, the equipment operation planning unit 24 may cooperate with the transportation supply planning unit 23 to formulate an operation plan for hydrogen production/storage, an operation plan for the storage battery/fuel cell, and a transportation electric power plan while mutually adjusting each other. The facility operation planning unit 24 operates the hydrogen production/storage system 72, the storage battery system 74, and the fuel cell via the real-time control unit 26, for example, based on the formulated hydrogen production/storage operation plan and storage battery/fuel cell operation plan. Control system 75;

The imbalance monitoring unit 25 compares the actual value and the predicted value of the surplus power, and if, for example, the difference between the actual value and the predicted value exceeds a predetermined range, the real-time control unit 26 is notified of the hydrogen production/storage operation plan. and the adjustment of each planned value based on the operation plan of the storage battery/fuel cell. At that time, when the imbalance monitoring unit 25 obtains a comparison result in which the actual value of surplus power does not exceed the predicted value of surplus power, the power generation amount of the fuel cell is increased, and the actual value of surplus power is the predicted surplus power. If the comparison result exceeds the value and the charging rate of the storage battery exceeds a predetermined set value (first set value), the amount of hydrogen production and storage is increased, and the charging rate of the storage battery is increased. is less than a predetermined set value (first set value), the charging amount of the storage battery is increased. In addition, when the hydrogen is produced and stored, the imbalance monitoring unit 25 sets a schedule for hydrogen transfer and sets a hydrogen transfer schedule when the hydrogen storage amount exceeds a predetermined set value (second set value). Instructions are given to prepare for transportation and to fill the hydrogen transportation vehicle 6 with hydrogen. In addition, in the hydrogen transfer schedule, for example, the transfer time and transfer amount of hydrogen are determined.

The real-time control unit 26 controls hydrogen production, storage amount, and release in the hydrogen production/storage system 72 in accordance with each planned value based on the hydrogen production/storage operation plan and the storage battery/fuel cell operation plan formulated by the equipment operation planning unit 24. amount, charge/discharge amount in the storage battery system 74, and power generation amount in the fuel cell system 75 are controlled. Further, when the imbalance monitoring unit 25 instructs the real-time control unit 26 to adjust each planned value, the real-time control unit 26 adjusts each planned value so that the difference between the actual value and the predicted value falls within a predetermined range, and after adjustment The hydrogen production/storage system 72, the storage battery system 74, and the fuel cell system 75 are controlled based on each planned value of .

The performance data 27 includes input/output amounts of power (generated power, charging/discharging power, power consumption, and each power amount) in the electric load 71, the hydrogen production/storage system 72, the solar power generation system 73, the storage battery system 74, and the fuel cell system 75. etc.), hydrogen production, storage and release, and weather information such as the amount of solar radiation.

Further, the hydrogen transport vehicle 6 is a vehicle provided with a hydrogen storage unit 61 for storing hydrogen such as a hydrogen storage alloy tank and a fuel cell 62 . The hydrogen transport vehicle 6 may be, for example, a fuel cell-driven hydrogen transport vehicle. The hydrogen transport vehicle 6 fills the hydrogen storage unit 61 with hydrogen released from the hydrogen production/storage system 72, and is located at a position where the output unit of the fuel cell 62 can be connected to the power distribution facility of the electric load 81 (receiving side of self-consignment). building 80). A connecting cable extending from a power converter with a synchronizing function (not shown) installed in the building 80 is connected to the DC output plug of the hydrogen transport vehicle 6 (for example, fully charged with hydrogen) that has arrived at the building 80 on the receiving side of self-consignment. (equipped with power lines and communication lines). Based on a predetermined control signal input from the building energy control system 3 or the like via a connecting cable, the hydrogen transport vehicle 6 starts and ends power generation, changes the power generation output, and controls the building energy. Information indicating the amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage unit 61 is output to the control system 3 or the like.

The building energy control system 3 is installed, for example, in a building 80, and is functionally composed of a combination of hardware such as computers and peripheral devices that constitute the system 3 and software stored in a predetermined storage device. As components, it has a power demand forecasting system 31, an equipment operation planning section 32, an imbalance monitoring section 33, a fuel cell power generation control section 34, and performance data 35 stored in a predetermined storage device. The building energy control system 3 also manages the operation of a predetermined electrical load 81 installed, for example, in a building 80 on the receiving side of self-consignment.

In this embodiment, the building energy control system 3 is installed in, for example, a building 80, and performs control operations according to the following procedures. In other words, the building energy control system 3 predicts the building power demand, and when self-consignment is planned on the sending side, the remaining power demand is covered by a distributed power source such as the fuel cell 62, or by the power company plan to purchase electricity from In addition, the building energy control system 3 controls distributed power sources in real time based on the actual values of power demand and self-consignment, and changes the purchased power from moment to moment based on the results.

The power demand prediction system 31 predicts the power demand (power consumption) and heat demand of the electric load 81 for each predetermined time slot in a predetermined period in the future in the building 80 based on weather forecasts, past results, and the like.

The facility operation planning unit 32 determines the power purchase from the grid based on the power demand and heat demand of the electric load 81 predicted by the power demand prediction system 31, past performance, and the power transmission plan formulated by the transportation supply planning unit 23. A plan, an operation plan for distributed power sources such as the fuel cell 62 provided in the hydrogen transport vehicle 6 (hereinafter referred to as a distributed power source operation plan), and the like are formulated.

The imbalance monitoring unit 33 compares the actual value of the power demand of the electric load 81 and the actual value of the self-consignment power with the demand power predicted by the power demand prediction system 31 and the plan values of the consignment power plan. If the deviation between the value and the predicted value or planned value exceeds a predetermined range, the fuel cell power generation control unit 34 is instructed to adjust the planned value based on the distributed power supply operation plan formulated by the equipment operation planning unit 32 .

The fuel cell power generation control unit 34 controls the power generation amount of the fuel cell 62 according to each planned value based on the distributed power supply operation plan formulated by the equipment operation planning unit 32 . Further, when the imbalance monitoring unit 33 instructs the fuel cell power generation control unit 34 to adjust the planned value, the fuel cell power generation control unit 34 adjusts the planned value so that the difference between the actual value and the predicted value falls within a predetermined range, The fuel cell 62 is controlled based on the planned value of . The fuel cell power generation control unit 34 formulates a hydrogen utilization schedule, for example, based on the distributed power source operation plan or based on the adjusted distributed power source operation plan. Further, the fuel cell power generation control unit 34 prepares the hydrogen storage unit 61 of the hydrogen transport vehicle 6 to release hydrogen based on the formulated hydrogen utilization schedule, and then activates the fuel cell 62 to start power generation.

The performance data 35 is data indicating past performance values such as the amount of power input/output (consumed power, generated power, each power amount, etc.) in the electric load 81 and the fuel cell 62, heat demand, and weather information such as the amount of solar radiation. .

The cross-regional power management promotion organization system 4 is composed of a computer such as a server and its peripheral devices, and operates by executing a predetermined program on the computer. A computer that configures the cross-regional power management promotion organization system 4 has, for example, a CPU, a storage device, an input/output device, a communication device, and the like. The cross-regional power management promotion organization system 4 receives applications for power generation sales plans, demand/procurement plans, etc. from the renewable energy power wheeling supply planning system 2 and the building energy control system 3 via the communication network 5, and return a notification indicating the approval or disapproval of the plan. Here, the power generation sales plan is a plan to sell the generated power to a predetermined sales destination, and is formulated by the renewable energy power wheeling supply planning system 2 based on the power generation plan or the like. The demand/procurement plan is a plan of power demand, its suppliers, etc., and is formulated by the building energy control system 3 based on the demand plan, etc., for example.

Next, the control logic of the self-consignment control system 1 shown in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing an example of the control logic for self-consignment of renewable energy in the self-consignment control system 1 shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, processes S101 to S122 are repeatedly executed by the renewable energy wheeling supply planning system 2 at a predetermined cycle, and processes S301 to S307 are repeatedly executed by the building energy control system 3 at a predetermined cycle. Also, the weather forecast data D1 is provided from a server or the like that provides weather forecast information (not shown) and is connected to the communication network 5 . The contract power setting D2 is stored in the storage device within the building energy control system 3 . Consignment (S201) corresponds to the flow of electric power in which electric power is actually consigned, and the flow of data indicating that consignment is performed. Hydrogen transport (S202) corresponds to the actual flow of hydrogen transport by the hydrogen transport vehicle 6 and the flow of data indicating that hydrogen transport will be performed.

In the control logic shown in FIG. 2, in the renewable energy power wheeling supply planning system 2, first, the renewable energy power prediction system 21 predicts the photovoltaic power output based on the weather forecast data D1, the actual data 27, etc. ( S101). Next, the power demand prediction system 22 predicts building power demand such as the electric load 71 (S102). Next, the wheeling supply planning unit 23 determines whether or not surplus power will occur (S103). A power plan is not drawn up (S103: no→S114).

When the wheeling supply planning unit 23 draws up a wheeling power plan (S103: yes→S104), the equipment operation planning unit 24 draws up an operation plan for hydrogen production/storage (S105), and prepares for hydrogen production/storage. Execute (S106). Subsequently, the facility operation planning unit 24 draws up an operation plan for the storage battery/fuel cell (S107), and executes hydrogen release/fuel cell preparation processing (S108).

Next, the imbalance monitoring unit 25 determines whether or not the surplus power actual value exceeds the predicted value (S109). (S109: yes→S110). On the other hand, if the actual surplus power value does not exceed the predicted value, the imbalance monitoring unit 25 issues a predetermined instruction to the real-time control unit 26 to adjust the power generation amount of the fuel cell system 75 (S109: no →S122). At S<b>122 , the power generation amount of the fuel cell system 75 is increased to compensate for the amount of surplus power that falls below the predicted value.

Further, when the storage battery SOC exceeds a predetermined set value (first set value), the imbalance monitoring unit 25 determines whether or not the hydrogen storage amount is less than a predetermined set value. (S110: yes→S111). On the other hand, when the storage battery SOC does not exceed the predetermined set value, the imbalance monitoring unit 25 issues a predetermined instruction to the real-time control unit 26 to adjust the charging power of the storage battery system 74 (S110: no→S121). When the hydrogen storage amount is less than a predetermined set value, the imbalance monitoring unit 25 issues a predetermined instruction to the real-time control unit 26 to adjust the hydrogen production and storage amount of the hydrogen production/storage system 72. (S111: yes→S112).

In S112, the surplus power exceeding the predicted value is consumed by increasing the hydrogen production/storage amount of the hydrogen production/storage system 72 within a range in which the hydrogen storage amount is less than a predetermined set value. In addition, in S121, by increasing the charging power of the storage battery system 74 within the range where the storage battery SOC is less than the predetermined set value, the surplus power exceeding the predicted value is consumed.

If the surplus power due to hydrogen production and storage is adjusted in S112, if the surplus power due to storage battery charging is adjusted in S121, or if the surplus power due to fuel cell power generation is adjusted in S122, the wheeling supply plan The unit 23 shapes the adjusted surplus power so that it conforms to the transmission power plan value (S113).

After that, the power is consigned based on the consignment power plan formulated and adjusted by the renewable energy consignment supply plan system 2, and information indicating the content of the consignment is transmitted to the building energy control system 3 via the communication network 5. (S201).

On the other hand, when the wheeling supply planning unit 23 determines that surplus power will not occur and does not draw up a wheeling power plan (S103: no → S114), the imbalance monitoring unit 25 determines that surplus power actually occurs. It is determined whether or not there is (S115). If surplus power is actually generated, the imbalance monitoring unit 25 issues a predetermined instruction to the real-time control unit 26 to adjust the amount of hydrogen production and storage in the hydrogen production/storage system 72 (S115: yes→S116). Subsequently, the imbalance monitoring unit 25 determines whether or not the hydrogen storage amount exceeds a predetermined set value (second set value) (S117).

If it is determined that the hydrogen storage amount exceeds the predetermined set value (S117: yes), or if it is determined that the hydrogen storage amount is not less than the predetermined set value (S111: no), The balance monitoring unit 25 sets a hydrogen transfer schedule (S118). Next, the imbalance monitoring unit 25 issues a predetermined instruction to the hydrogen production/storage system 72 and the hydrogen transport vehicle 6 to prepare for hydrogen transfer (S119). Part or all of it is filled into the hydrogen storage section 61 of the hydrogen transport vehicle 6 (S120).

After that, based on the hydrogen transfer schedule formulated in the renewable energy electric power wheeling supply planning system 2, for example, the hydrogen transport vehicle 6 fully filled with hydrogen moves to the building 80, thereby transporting the hydrogen. Information indicating the content of hydrogen transportation is transmitted to the building energy control system 3 via the communication network 5 (S202).

Note that when the imbalance monitoring unit 25 determines that surplus power is not actually generated (S115: no) and when it determines that the hydrogen storage amount does not exceed a predetermined set value (S117: no). , the renewable energy consignment supply planning system 2 executes the process from S101 again at the next cycle.

On the other hand, in the building energy control system 3, first, the power demand prediction system 31 predicts the power and heat demand of the building 80 (S301). Next, the facility operation planning unit 32 makes a power purchase and distributed power supply operation plan based on the prediction result by the power demand prediction system 31, the wheeling power plan drawn up by the wheeling supply planning unit 23, the set value of the contract power, etc. Propose (S302).

Next, the fuel cell power generation control unit 34 connects a connection cable (equipped with a power line and a communication line) extending from a power conversion device with a synchronizing function (not shown) installed in the building 80 to the building 80 on the receiving side of self-consignment. It is determined whether or not the DC output plug of the hydrogen transport vehicle 6 that has arrived is connected (S303). If the hydrogen transport vehicle 6 is connected (S303: yes), the fuel cell power generation control unit 34 determines whether hydrogen is loaded on the hydrogen transport vehicle 6 (S304).

When hydrogen is loaded on the hydrogen transport vehicle 6 (S304: yes), the fuel cell power generation control unit 34 is based on the distributed power supply operation plan formulated by the equipment operation planning unit 32, or the imbalance monitoring unit 33 When the adjustment of the planned values is instructed, a hydrogen utilization schedule is formulated based on the adjusted distributed power supply operation plan (S305). Then, the fuel cell power generation control unit 34 causes the hydrogen storage unit 61 of the hydrogen transport vehicle 6 to prepare for hydrogen release based on the formulated hydrogen utilization schedule (S306), and activates the fuel cell 62 (S307).

On the other hand, if the hydrogen transport vehicle 6 is not connected (S303: no), if hydrogen is not loaded on the hydrogen transport vehicle 6 (S304: no), or if the fuel cell 62 is activated (S307), the building The energy control system 3 executes the process again from S301 in the next cycle.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the hydrogen production/storage system 72, the photovoltaic power generation system 73, the storage battery system 74, and the fuel cell system 75 are combined to form a system on the delivery side of transportation. production and storage, storage battery charging, and fuel cell power generation. can be easily reduced. Further, according to this embodiment, since electric power converted to hydrogen can be sent from the sending side to the receiving side using the hydrogen transport vehicle 6, the power transmission and distribution networks of general electric utilities, for example, cannot be used. Electric power can be sent even in such a case.

It should be noted that the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and may be, for example, the following embodiments. That is, for example, instead of or in combination with the photovoltaic power generation system 73, a power generation system using other renewable energy sources such as wind power, water power, and geothermal heat may be used. In addition, some of the functional components of the building energy control system 3 shown in FIG. may be distributed to a plurality of computers via the communication network 5 or the like.

In addition, in this embodiment, when the hydrogen storage amount produced for the purpose of compensating for the error in the surplus power prediction value becomes full on the sending side of self-consignment, the hydrogen transport vehicle 6 driven by the fuel cell is charged. and transport hydrogen to the receiving side of self-consignment. In addition, as described above, the DC output plug of the hydrogen transport vehicle 6 (full of hydrogen) that has arrived at the building 80 on the receiving side of self-consignment is connected to the power converter with a synchronizing function installed in the building 80. Cables (equipped with power lines and communication lines) are installed. In this case, the building energy control system 3, for example, communicates with the power conversion device to confirm the presence or absence of a vehicle and the amount of hydrogen loaded, and based on the momentary change in power demand of the building 80, the fuel cell-driven hydrogen transportation It judges the necessity of electric power supply from the vehicle 6 and issues a power generation instruction to the fuel cell 62 mounted on the hydrogen transport vehicle 6 . The building energy control system 3 commands the power generation output value of the fuel cell 62 mounted on the hydrogen transport vehicle 6 every moment in response to fluctuations in the power demand of the building 80 . Depending on the amount of hydrogen loaded on the hydrogen transport vehicle 6, the hydrogen transport vehicle 6 continues to supply power to the building 80 for several hours or one day, for example. After completing the planned amount of power generation, the hydrogen transport vehicle 6 drives itself to the sending side of self-consignment. It should be noted that the hydrogen transport vehicle 6 does not have to be driven by a fuel cell, and after the hydrogen is transferred to the storage device on the receiving side, the hydrogen transport vehicle 6 may be configured to generate power using a stationary fuel cell.

In addition, according to the self-consignment control system 1 according to the present embodiment, in addition to the output fluctuation of renewable energy power generation such as solar power generation, hydrogen production devices such as water electrolysis devices, hydrogen storage devices such as hydrogen storage alloy tanks, etc. It can be smoothed using the device and the fuel cell, and easily adjusted to a smoothed power generation output suitable for self-consignment that can simultaneously realize the planned value and the same amount. In addition, according to the self-consignment control system 1, it is possible to predict renewable energy generated power and building power demand on the sending side of self-consignment, as well as surplus power prediction, which is the difference between the two. In addition, according to the self-consignment control system 1, it is possible to formulate a charging/discharging operation plan while grasping the storage battery SOC. Further, according to the self-consignment control system 1, real-time control of hydrogen production or fuel cell power generation can be performed for the purpose of compensating for the prediction error that appears as the deviation between the predicted value and the actual value of surplus power. Further, according to the self-consignment control system 1, it is possible to notify the cross-regional power management promotion organization system 4 of the self-consignment plan using the day-ahead spot market or the like. In addition, according to the self-consignment control system 1, based on the prediction of the building power demand on the receiving side of the self-consignment, the distributed power supply such as the fuel cell is controlled after incorporating the power supply consigned during the predetermined time period. can do.

Therefore, according to the self-consignment control system 1 according to the present embodiment, by realizing self-consignment of renewable surplus electricity for the purpose of self-consumption between business bases such as companies scattered in various places, the company as a whole It will be possible to exchange electric power and environmental value based on renewable energy without waste, and it will be a technology that supports the achievement of RE100 goals, for example.

In addition, although the above embodiment has been described as a configuration related to self-consignment, the effect is not limited to self-consignment, and the same effect can be exhibited for general “consignment” of renewable energy surplus power. can be done.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and designs and the like are included within the scope of the present invention.

1 Self-consignment control system (renewable energy self-consignment control system (power supply system))
2 Renewable energy power consignment supply planning system (control unit)
3 Building Energy Control System 4 Cross-regional Electric Power Management Promotion Organization System 5 Communication Network 6 Hydrogen Transport Vehicle 61 Hydrogen Storage Unit 62 Fuel Cells 71, 81 Electric Load 72 Hydrogen Production/Storage System 73 Photovoltaic Power Generation System 74 Storage Battery System 75 Fuel Cell System

Claims (5)

Formulate a power transmission plan based on the estimated surplus power based on the difference between the predicted power generated by renewable energy and the predicted power demand,
Based on the result of comparison between the predicted value and the actual value of the surplus power and the result of comparison between the charging rate of the storage battery and the first set value, the amount of hydrogen produced and stored, the charge amount of the storage battery, and the fuel cell A power supply system comprising a controller for controlling power generation. The control unit
if the actual value of the surplus power does not exceed the predicted value of the surplus power, increasing the power generation of the fuel cell;
if the actual value of the surplus power exceeds the predicted value of the surplus power,
increasing the production and storage of hydrogen when the charging rate of the storage battery exceeds the first set value;
The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the amount of charge of the storage battery is increased when the charging rate of the storage battery does not exceed the first set value. 3. The control unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when the amount of hydrogen stored exceeds a second set value, the control unit causes a hydrogen storage unit provided in the hydrogen transportation vehicle to be filled with part or all of the stored hydrogen. power system. 4. The power supply system according to claim 3, wherein the electricity generated by using the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage unit of the hydrogen transport vehicle as fuel is consumed on the receiving side of the electricity according to the transportation plan. by the control unit
Formulate a power transmission plan based on the estimated surplus power based on the difference between the predicted power generated by renewable energy and the predicted power demand,
Based on the result of comparison between the predicted value and the actual value of the surplus power and the result of comparison between the charging rate of the storage battery and the first set value, the amount of hydrogen produced and stored, the charge amount of the storage battery, and the fuel cell A control method for a power supply system that controls the amount of power generation.

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