JP7091156B2 - Pulse generator - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a pulse generator that generates a pseudo pulse based on power usage status data acquired from a smart meter.

Conventionally, the basic electricity charge contracted between an electric power company and a consumer of high-voltage power reception is determined based on the maximum demand value. The demand value is calculated at a time interval called "demand time limit". For example, when the demand time limit is 30 minutes, the average power consumption (kW) obtained from the power consumption P for 30 minutes is called the 30 minute demand value. The maximum 30-minute demand value in one month is the maximum demand value that is the basis of electricity charge calculation. The electricity rate is determined based on the maximum demand value in the past predetermined period, and when the maximum demand value is increased and recorded, the electricity rate for a certain period thereafter is bound to the maximum demand value.
Therefore, the consumer calculates the predicted demand value in the demand time limit from the tendency of power consumption, and outputs an alarm or disconnects the load when the predicted demand value is expected to exceed the standard value. Electricity charges are reduced by using a power demand value monitoring device that reduces power consumption (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

By the way, recently, the work of replacing the electricity meter for measuring the amount of electricity used with a smart meter is underway, and it is planned that all the electricity meters will be replaced with the smart meter by the middle of the 2020s. .. The smart meter has a function to measure and hold the amount of power every 30 minutes, and by communicating with the outside, it is possible to acquire the amount of power used as digital data, automatic meter reading and EMS (Energy Management System). ), Etc. are said to be possible.

Routes for acquiring power usage information from smart meters include route A: a network connecting smart meters and electric power companies, route B: a network connecting smart meters and electronic devices in buildings, and route C: third parties (services). There is a network for the business operator to provide services to consumers, of which route B allows consumers to communicate directly with smart meters, has a short data acquisition cycle, and can acquire detailed power data. It is expected that it can be used for measures such as energy saving.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-9757 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-10489

High-voltage and higher smart meters that are currently in widespread use are equipped with a "customer-provided pulse" output terminal for consumers, and the pulse output from this pulse output terminal is used to generate power that does not have conventional communication functions. It is possible to use a power monitoring device such as a power demand value monitoring device compatible with a metric meter. At present, the provision to consumers has two functions, "providing an electric pulse" and "providing digital data by communication". However, smart meters are an asset of electric power companies, and there is no guarantee that consumer pulse output terminals, which are currently installed in service, will be permanently installed in the future. If the consumer pulse output function is lost, there will be a problem that the power monitoring equipment installed in the consumer assets using the metered pulse cannot be continuously used.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a pulse generator that enables a pulse detection type power monitoring device to be used even in a smart meter that does not have a consumer pulse output function.

The pulse generator of the present invention is a pulse generator connected to a power monitoring device that monitors electric energy based on a pulse detected from a high-voltage watt-hour meter, and is a watt-hour meter with an electric energy data output function. Based on the digital data of the electric energy acquired from, a pseudo pulse equivalent to the pulse detected from the high-voltage watt-hour meter is generated and transmitted to the electric energy monitoring device, and at intervals of unit set time based on the clock signal. It is characterized by acquiring digital data of electric energy and storing it in the storage unit, calculating a pulse generation function based on the digital data of electric energy stored in the storage unit, and generating a pseudo pulse based on the pulse generation function. do.

In the pulse generator, the pulse generation function determines the number and period of pseudo pulses generated based on the latest electric energy predicted based on the digital data group of the past electric energy stored in the storage unit. May be a feature.
In the pulse generator, the pulse generation function may be characterized in that it determines the number and period of pseudo pulses generated based on the digital data of the latest electric energy stored in the storage unit.
The pulse generator may be characterized in that the generation cycle of the pseudo pulse defined by the pulse generation function is constant.

In the pulse generator, the 30-minute integrated power value acquired from the power meter with an output function of the power amount data and the 30-minute integrated power value calculated from the power stored in the storage unit at the interval of the unit set time. It may be characterized by having a function of generating a pseudo pulse for correction that corrects the error of the above.
In the pulse generator, an error between the daily integrated power value acquired from the power meter with an output function of the power amount data and the daily integrated power value calculated from the power stored in the storage unit at the interval of the unit set time. It may be characterized by having a function of generating a pseudo pulse for correction.
In the pulse generator, a pseudo pulse for correcting the error with the 30-minute integrated power value and / or the error with the daily integrated power value is generated for a correction time longer than twice the unit set time. It may be characterized by being corrected by.
In the pulse generator, a function of selecting and generating a pseudo current pulse equivalent to a current pulse detected from the high voltage power meter or a pseudo measuring pulse equivalent to a measuring pulse detected from the high voltage power meter. It may be characterized by having.
The pulse generator may be characterized by having a function of adjusting the pulse width of the pseudo pulse.

The power monitoring system of the present invention is a power monitoring system including the power monitoring device and the pulse generator.

According to the present invention, it is possible to use a pulse detection type power monitoring device even in a smart meter that does not have a consumer pulse output function.

It is a figure explaining the connection of the electric energy meter which does not have a conventional communication function, and the electric power monitoring equipment. It is a figure explaining the connection between the pulse output terminal of a smart meter and a pulse detection type power monitoring device. It is a figure explaining the connection between the communication part of a smart meter and a data communication type power monitoring device. It is a figure explaining the connection between the pulse generator of this invention and a power monitoring apparatus. It is a block diagram of the pulse generator of this invention. It is a figure explaining the generation flow of a pseudo pulse. It is a figure explaining the pseudo pulse generated based on the past electric energy data. It is a figure explaining the correction flow of the generation cycle of a pseudo pulse. It is a graph which shows the simulation result using the electric energy data actually measured via the B route.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a connection between a high-voltage power meter 50 having no conventional communication function and a pulse detection type power monitoring device 61.
The high voltage power meter 50 is a transaction power meter provided with a pulse output terminal 51. The pulse detector 52 detects the current pulse output from the pulse output terminal 51 and transmits the current pulse to the cable 53. The pulse converter 54 converts the current pulse into a metering pulse (for example, a metering pulse obtained by converting a current pulse of 50,000 Pulse / kWh into 1 Pulse / kWh) that meets the specifications of the power monitoring device 61, and transmits the current pulse to the power monitoring device 61. do. When the power monitoring device 61 has a pulse conversion function, the pulse detector 52 and the power monitoring device 61 may be directly connected without going through the pulse converter 54.

The power monitoring device 61 is, for example, a power demand value monitoring device, which constantly monitors the maximum demand power based on the measurement pulse output from the high-voltage power meter 50, and exceeds the contract power by using the high load power. When the generation of demand power is predicted, a warning message is displayed on a display unit such as a liquid crystal display and an alarm sound is output.

The power monitoring device 61 may be connected to a higher-level monitoring device (for example, a pulse-using EMS). For example, when power monitoring of a plurality of factories or buildings is collectively performed remotely, pulse counting is performed and digitized. In some cases, power data is exchanged with a host monitoring device or the like by communication.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a connection between the smart meter 30 and the pulse detection type power monitoring device 61.
The smart meter 30 is a watt-hour meter with an electric energy data output function, which is composed of a high-voltage electric meter 31 that functions as a watt-hour meter, a pulse output terminal 32, and a communication unit 33.
The pulse output terminal 32 is a terminal that emits a current pulse similar to that of the conventional high voltage power meter 50.
Since the pulse detector 52, the cable 53, the pulse converter 54, and the power monitoring device 61 are the same as those in FIG. 1, the description thereof will be omitted.

The communication unit 33 includes an A route communication unit that communicates via the A route 56 and a B route communication unit that communicates via the B route 55. The A route communication unit enables communication with the electric power company via the A route 56 by means such as wireless communication, and the B route communication unit enables communication with the electronic device in the building via the B route communication cable 55. And. The B route communication unit according to the embodiment uses the Echonet Lite standard.
The HEMS (Home Energy Management System) 70 is a system that collects and controls the power consumption of individual power consuming devices in each consumer, and the smart meter 30 and the power consumption of the customer via the data communication cable 55. Etc. are communicated. Instead of HEMS 70, BEMS (Building Energy Management System) or FEMS (Factory Energy Management System) may be connected.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a connection between the communication unit 33 included in the smart meter 30 and the data communication type power monitoring device 62.
The power monitoring device 62 includes a B route communication unit that communicates with the smart meter 30 via the B route. According to the power monitoring device 62 provided with the B route communication unit, the same power monitoring as the conventional power monitoring device 61 can be performed. However, for consumers equipped with the conventional pulse detection type power monitoring device 61, a large amount of capital investment cost is required in order to replace and introduce the data communication type power monitoring device 62.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a connection between the pulse generator 10 of the present invention and the pulse detection type power monitoring device 61.
Since the pulse detector 52, the pulse cable 53, and the power monitoring device 61 are the same as those in FIG. 1, the description thereof will be omitted.
As shown in FIG. 5, the pulse generator 10 includes a first communication unit 11, a second communication unit 12, a connector unit 13, a control unit 14, a display unit 15, an operation unit 16, and a pulse generation program. It is provided with a storage unit 17 in which the clock is stored, a clock generation unit 18, and a pulse generation unit 19.

The first communication unit 11 is configured to include a communication module for enabling bidirectional communication with the smart meter 30 via the B route, and is configured by a communication module conforming to the Echonet Lite standard.
The second communication unit 12 includes an electrical pulse output terminal that outputs a pseudo pulse to the pulse cable 53.

The connector unit 13 is configured to include a connector for supplying power to the pulse generator 10 and communicating information with an external device, a sensor device, or the like, and is configured to include, for example, a USB connector.
The control unit 14 includes a clock and a processor for executing a program for generating a pulse read from the storage unit 17.
The display unit 15 is a display device for notifying ON / OFF of the power supply, establishment of communication, and the like, and is composed of, for example, an LED indicator and a liquid crystal panel.
The operation unit 16 is for turning the power on / off and stopping the alarm buzzer, and is composed of one or more buttons and / or software buttons displayed on the display unit 15.

The storage unit 17 is a storage device for storing various data such as power consumption and temperature / humidity, programs, and the like, and is configured to include media such as a non-volatile memory, an HDD, and an SSD (Solid State Drive). The storage unit 17 stores a set value for outputting a pseudo-measurement pulse and a pulse generation program. The pulse generation program has a function of generating a pseudo-current pulse converted into a current pulse output from the conventional pulse detector 52 and a pseudo-measurement pulse converted into a measurement pulse output from the conventional pulse converter 54. It has a function. Whether to generate a pseudo-current pulse or a pseudo-measurement pulse in the pulse generation unit 19 can be set by the operation unit 16. Further, regarding the pulse width of the pseudo pulse, an arbitrary pulse width (for example, ON = 10 ms, OFF = 10 mS) can be set by the operation unit 16 according to the specifications of the power monitoring device 61.

The pseudo pulse generation flow will be described with reference to FIG.
The pulse generation program acquires the electric energy data (i) from the smart meter 30 via the B route via the first communication unit 11 (STEP 61). Here, "i" means an integer value that increases by 1 each time the unit setting time (for example, 10 seconds) elapses (see FIG. 7). The smart meter 30 measures and measures the power usage data (including power consumption data and power generation data) of the consumer in real time, and the pulse generation program can obtain the power usage data at any time point via the B route. Is.
Subsequently, as a pre-processing, noise is removed by using a limiter, an addition filter, or the like, and the noise-removed electric energy data (i) is stored in the storage unit 17 (STEP 62). This is because the information provided from the B route is a discrete quantity that changes at an indefinite period and includes noise such as quantization error and data loss.
Subsequently, the pulse generation program calculates a pulse generation function (i + 1) that determines the number and period of pulses generated from the accumulated past electric energy data group, and stores the pulse generation function (STEP 63) in the storage unit 17. It is preferable to create a pulse generation function (i + 1) so that the frequency of the output pseudo-pulse is constant (preferably, the frequency changes constantly and smoothly).

The pulse generation program generates a pseudo pulse (i + 1) in the pulse generation unit 19 based on the pulse generation function (i + 1) calculated in STEP 63, and outputs a pseudo pulse from the second communication unit 12 (STEP 64). In the present embodiment, the pulse generation program generates a pseudo pulse predicted based on the pulse generation function (i + 1) before acquiring the electric energy data (i + 1) from the smart meter 30 via the B route. However, a specification may be adopted in which a pseudo pulse based on the old electric energy data (i) is generated for a unit set time (for example, 10 seconds).
The pulse generation program increments the value of i by 1 every time the unit setting time (for example, 10 seconds) elapses based on the clock signal from the clock generation unit 18 output by the elapse of the unit setting time, and goes through the B route. Acquires the next electric energy data from the smart meter 30 (STEP 65, 66). The above STEPs 61 to 66 are continuously executed while the pulse generator 10 is in operation.

Further, the pulse generation program has a function of correcting the generation cycle of the pseudo pulse.
Since the B route data only knows the power consumption EkWh (for example, E1, E2, E3 ...) at a time interval T seconds (for example, T1, T2, T3 ...) with fluctuations, the power consumption suddenly increases. Even if it changes, there is a problem that only a stepwise change value such that the power consumption increases by E at a stretch is known after T seconds, which depends on the information transmission timing. Here, (1) T seconds are long, (2) E (power consumption) is large, (3) the power amount of B route 1 digit is large (for example, 1 digit = 1 kWh), and (4) B for some reason. The calculation of the pulse generation function (i + 1) may be inaccurate due to reasons such as loss of route data. Since the current pulse is analog information, while the B route data is digital information and is not smooth, the T and E data are used to make more detailed time intervals (t seconds: t <T). It is required to provide a mechanism for generating a pseudo pulse so that it can be regarded as a change in power consumption (ekWh: e <E).

The correction function of the generation cycle of the pseudo pulse will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9.
During the continuation of STEP 61 to 66 described above, when the demand time period of 30-minute intervals elapses, the pulse generation program acquires the 30-minute integrated power value S1 (t) from the smart meter 30 via the B route (STEP 71, 72). The integrated electric energy value S (t) provided every 30 minutes is high-precision information based on the Measurement Law, and is one digit or more more accurate than the electric energy data acquired in STEP 61. Subsequently, the pulse generation program compares the 30-minute integrated power value S1'(t) of the electric energy data (i) acquired via the B route with the 30-minute integrated power value S1 (t) acquired via the B route. Then, the correction pulse generation function and the correction time are calculated at an arbitrary timing (preferably the next unit setting time) before the next demand time period elapses (STEP73). The correction pulse generation function is preferably created so that the frequency of the output correction pseudo-pulse is constant. It is disclosed that the correction time is set in the range of, for example, 2 to 600 times (or 20 seconds to 20 minutes) of the unit setting time, but it may be set to 3 times or more (or 30 seconds or more) of the unit setting time. More preferably, it is 4 times or more (or 40 seconds or more). This is because if the correction time is short, the pulse detection type power monitoring device 61 may malfunction.

The pulse generation program increases or decreases the pseudo-pulse generation amount more than usual during the correction time (for example, 60 to 180 seconds) based on the corrected pulse generation function and the correction time, so that the 30-minute error is corrected. (STEP74). For example, as shown in FIG. 9, when the 30-minute integrated power value S1'(t) is smaller than the 30-minute integrated power value S1 (t), the pulse generation program corrects the error during the correction time. As described above, the generation cycle of the pseudo pulse is made shorter than usual. Contrary to FIG. 9, when the 30-minute integrated power value S1'(t) is larger than the 30-minute integrated power value S1 (t), the pulse generation program generates a pseudo pulse so that the error is corrected. Make the cycle longer than usual.
Note that the correction time may not be calculated in STEP 73, and the correction time may be set to a predetermined fixed time.

After one day has passed, the pulse generation program acquires the daily integrated power value S2 from the smart meter 30 via the B route (STEP 75, 76). The integrated electric energy value S2 provided every day is high-precision information based on the measurement method, like the 30-minute integrated electric energy value S1 (t). Subsequently, the pulse generation program compares the daily integrated power value S2'of the electric energy data (i) acquired via the B route with the daily integrated power value S2 acquired via the B route, and performs arbitrary timing on the next day ( The correction pulse generation function and the correction time are calculated at (preferably the next unit setting time) (STEP77). The pulse generation program increases or decreases the pseudo-pulse generation amount more than usual during the correction time (for example, 60 to 180 seconds) based on the corrected pulse generation function and the correction time so that the day error is corrected. (STEP78).

FIG. 9 is a graph showing the simulation results using the electric energy data actually measured via the B route in the high-voltage power receiving consumer equipment. From the figure, it was confirmed that the error generated between the measured value via the B route and the 30-minute integrated power value can be corrected by the output of the correction pseudo pulse.

According to the pulse generator 10 of the present invention described above, even if a smart meter not provided with a consumer pulse output terminal is to be replaced in the future, the conventional pulse detection type power monitoring device 61 can be used. It will be possible to continue using it. Although the pulse output function is not a required specification for smart meters, it is quite possible that a smart meter without a pulse output function will be provided in the future. The watt-hour meter including the smart meter needs to be replaced every time the certification validity period of 7 years expires according to the measurement method. However, even if the electric power company replaces it with a smart meter that does not have a pulse output function, the pulse generator 10 is used. If installed, the pulse detection type power monitoring device 61 can be continuously used.

Further, since it has a function of selecting and generating a pseudo-current pulse or a pseudo-measurement pulse and a function of adjusting the pulse width of the pseudo-pulse, the pulse generator 10 of the present invention can be used in consumer equipment in various environments. It is possible to do.
Further, since it has a function of outputting a correction pseudo pulse for correcting an error between the 30-minute integrated power value S1 and the daily integrated power value S2, an accurate pulse signal can be transmitted to the pulse detection type power monitoring device 61. Is possible.

10 Pulse generator 11 1st communication unit 12 2nd communication unit 13 Connector unit 14 Control unit 15 Display unit 16 Operation unit 17 Storage unit 18 Clock generation unit 19 Pulse generation unit 30 Smart meter (electric energy with power output function) Total)
31 High-voltage electric meter 32 Pulse output terminal 33 Communication unit 50 High-voltage power meter 51 Pulse output terminal 52 Pulse detector 53 Cable 54 Pulse converter 61 Pulse detection type power monitoring equipment 62 Data communication type power monitoring equipment 70 HEMS

Claims (10)

A pulse generator connected to a power monitoring device that monitors the amount of power based on the pulse detected by the high-voltage power meter.
Based on the digital data of the electric energy acquired from the electric energy meter with the output function of the electric energy data, a pseudo pulse equivalent to the pulse detected by the high-voltage electricity meter is generated and transmitted to the electric energy monitoring device .
Acquiring digital data of electric energy at intervals of unit setting time based on the clock signal and storing it in the storage unit,
A pulse generator characterized by calculating a pulse generation function based on digital data of the amount of electric power stored in the storage unit and generating a pseudo pulse based on the pulse generation function . The claim is characterized in that the pulse generation function determines the number and period of pseudo pulses generated based on the latest electric energy predicted based on the digital data group of the past electric energy stored in the storage unit. The pulse generator according to 1 . The pulse generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pulse generation function determines the number and period of pseudo pulses generated based on digital data of the latest electric energy stored in the storage unit. .. The pulse generator according to claim 2 or 3 , wherein the period defined by the pulse generation function is constant. Correction to correct the error between the 30-minute integrated power value acquired from the power meter with output function of the power amount data and the 30-minute integrated power value calculated from the power stored in the storage unit at the interval of the unit set time. The pulse generator according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , further comprising a function of generating a pseudo pulse. Correction pseudo to correct the error between the daily integrated power value acquired from the power meter with output function of the power amount data and the daily integrated power value calculated from the power amount stored in the storage unit at the interval of the unit set time. The pulse generator according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , further comprising a function of generating a pulse. The error with the 30-minute integrated power value and / or the error with the daily integrated power value is corrected by generating the correction pseudo-pulse for a correction time longer than twice the unit set time. The pulse generator according to claim 5 or 6 . It is characterized by having a function of selecting and generating a pseudo-current pulse equivalent to a current pulse detected from the high-voltage power meter or a pseudo-measurement pulse equivalent to a metering pulse detected from the high-voltage power meter. The pulse generator according to any one of claims 1 to 7 . The pulse generator according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , further comprising a function of adjusting the pulse width of the pseudo pulse. The power monitoring device according to claim 1 and
The pulse generator according to any one of claims 1 to 9 ,
Power monitoring system with.

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