JP6954685B2 - 炭化ケイ素繊維強化炭化ケイ素複合材料 - Google Patents
炭化ケイ素繊維強化炭化ケイ素複合材料 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明のSiC/SiC複合材料は、SiC相と、炭化ケイ素に対して反応性の低い物質からなる相(第二相)を含む多相構造のセラミックスをマトリックス(母材)とするものである。
SiC繊維としては、Tyranno SA(宇部興産製)、Hi-Nicalon-S(日本カーボン製)等の商標名で市販されている高結晶性炭化ケイ素繊維や、より結晶性の低い繊維も用いることができる。特に、高結晶性炭化ケイ素繊維は、耐熱温度が高い点で有利である。
本発明のSiC/SiC複合材料の製造方法については、特に限定的ではないが、例えば、下記の液相焼結法、化学蒸着浸透法(CVI法)、反応焼結法等によって製造することができる。
液相焼結法では、粉末状の原料を分散媒中に分散させてスラリーとし、これを所定の形状に配置したSiC繊維と混合して焼結に用いる混合体を得た後、この混合体を焼結させることによって、SiC/SiC複合材料を得ることができる。
化学蒸着浸透法は、SiC繊維の集合体中に、マトリックスを形成するための気体状の前駆体を流入させ、これを熱分解させることによって、得られた生成物をSiC繊維の表面に析出させる方法である。
反応焼結法では、炭素成分を含む粉末、Si粉末、及び第二相を形成する物質の粉末を含むマトリックス形成用原料をスラリーとし、これを所定の形状に配置したSiC繊維と混合して焼結に用いる混合体を得た後、シリコンの融点以上の温度に加熱して、炭素とSiを反応させることによって、SiC相と第二相が混在した状態のマトリックスが形成される。これにより、SiC繊維がマトリックス中に埋め込まれた状態となり、目的とするSiC/SiC複合材料を得ることができる。
上記した方法によって、本発明の炭化ケイ素繊維強化炭化ケイ素複合材料(SiC/SiC複合材料)を得ることができる。該複合材料は、炭化ケイ素(SiC)相と、炭化ケイ素との反応性の低い物質からなる相(第二相)を含む多相構造のマトリックスと、該マトリックス中に配置された炭化ケイ素(SiC)繊維を含むものである。
SiC繊維として、繊維径が約7.5μmの炭化ケイ素連続繊維(商標名:Tyranno SA繊維、宇部興産製)、バンドル数1600本を縦糸と横糸とを交互に浮き沈みさせて織り平織状にしたシートを14枚積層して約3mm厚にした積層体を用い、これを化学気相含浸(CVI)処理用の加熱炉に入れた。この炉中に、SiC前駆体ガスとしてのメチルトリクロロシランと炭素前駆体としてのメタンガスの1:1(モル比)混合ガスを反応ガスとして流し、キャリーガスとしてH2とArの混合ガスを流し、900〜1100℃に加熱した。
伸び(%)=[(L1−L0)/L0]×100
引張強度(MPa)=F/A
立方晶の結晶粉末であるβ-SiC粉末(平均粒径0.03μm、Nanomakers製(仏国))65.8重量部、酸化アルミニウム粉末(平均粒径0.3μm、高純度化学製)2.52重量部、酸化イットリウム粉末(平均粒径0.4μm、高純度化学製)1.68重量部、及びBN粉末(平均粒径0.05μm、MARUKA製)30重量部からなる原料粉末を、イソプロパノール中に分散させてスラリーを形成した。
Claims (4)
- 炭化ケイ素相と、炭化ケイ素に対して反応性の低い物質からなる相を含む多相構造のマトリックスと、該マトリックス中に配置された炭化ケイ素繊維を含むことを特徴とする、炭化ケイ素繊維強化炭化ケイ素複合材料(但し、平均粒径5μm以上のカーボン粒子を含む複合材料を除く)、
ここで、該炭化ケイ素に対して反応性の低い物質は、グラファイト、BN、TaN、Cr2O3、HfO2、CaO、NbC、HfC、TiB2、CrB2、Y2SiO5及びYb2SiO5からなる群から選ばれた少なくとも一種であり、
該炭化ケイ素繊維は、炭化ケイ素の長繊維であり、
該複合材料は該マトリックスと該繊維との間に界面相を有していない。 - マトリックスが、炭化ケイ素に対して反応性の低い物質からなる相がマトリックス中に粒子状で分散した状態、又は炭化ケイ素相と、炭化ケイ素に対して反応性の低い物質からなる相とが不均一な形状の塊状としてマトリックス中にランダムに存在する状態の構造を有する、請求項1に記載の炭化ケイ素繊維強化炭化ケイ素複合材料。
- マトリックス全体を基準として、炭化ケイ素相の割合が、20〜90体積%である、請求項1または2に記載の炭化ケイ素繊維強化炭化ケイ素複合材料。
- 炭化ケイ素繊維の含有率が、複合材料全体を基準として、20〜90体積%である、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の炭化ケイ素繊維強化炭化ケイ素複合材料。
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