JP6900504B2 - An electric machine equipped with a rotor measuring unit for measuring the rotor parameters of the electric machine. - Google Patents

Description

The present disclosure relates generally to electrical machinery. In particular, the present disclosure relates to failure state diagnosis of electrical machinery.

Synchronous machines (SMs) require reliable condition monitoring systems, as is often found in critical high power applications. Synchronous motors show a large investment and usually drive the process where downtime results in significant capital losses. Therefore, detecting failures at an early stage helps avoid sudden failures and is useful when scheduling maintenance actions. For long-term condition monitoring systems based on monitoring temperature, stator current, and vibration, stator current and vibration have been used. However, practice has shown that detecting failures in synchronous machines is not an easy task, and failure state signatures are difficult to detect by monitoring the parameters mentioned above. The installation of measuring instruments on the rotor has become even more problematic due to the complication of how to power the measuring instruments.

Accumetrics Inc. Has developed an inductively powered telemetry system for detecting rotor ground faults / ground faults and monitoring rotor temperature. Based on digital telemetry, the system is mounted on a rotor. The induction loop is used to power the rotor measuring unit. A major drawback of this technique is the installation procedure that involves placing a power loop around the shaft.

Accumetrics Inc. Some of the most important failures to be detected, such as inter-turn short circuits in stators or disclosed windings, in addition to the complex installation procedures provided by the company in solutions for rotor measurements. Cannot be detected by existing technology at a very early stage.

The embodiment of FIG. 9 of WO 2011/109489 discloses a device comprising three voltage sensors used to measure the respective voltage of each exciter armature. There are similarly two built-in power supply current sensors used to measure the line currents of two of the three exciter armatures. The apparatus includes a calculation unit for determining whether or not the rectifier circuit connected to the exciter armature suffers a failure. The calculation unit is supplied with a DC voltage from the main field winding, and there is a DC-DC converter connected between the main field winding and the calculation unit.

European Patent Application Publication No. 2995967 discloses methods and devices for detecting failure of a series diode in a rectifier in a synchronous machine. The voltage across one or both of the individual diodes and / or the voltage across the pair of diodes is measured to determine the ratio between the two voltages of these voltages. The ratio is then analyzed to determine if a failure, eg, a short circuit or open circuit is present. The device includes a telemetry transmitter module connected to a diode failure detection module and is configured to transmit data to the telemetry receiver module. The telemetry transmitter module is mounted on the exciter rotor and is inductively powered through a tightly coupled antenna coil, one coil rotating and the other non-rotating. These coils provide the RF power generated within the telemetry receiver unit coupled to the rotor, which is rectified and regulated by the DC power supply circuit within the telemetry transmitter module.

International Publication No. 2011/109489 European Patent Application Publication No. 2995967

An object of the present disclosure is to provide an electromechanical machine having an AC / AC exciter and a rotor measuring unit that solves or at least alleviates problems with the prior art.

We have identified the inherent induction present in such electromechanical machines due to the electromagnetic interaction between the exciter stator windings and the exciter rotor windings that act as the primary and secondary windings of the transformer. Based on the above, a very simple method of supplying power to a measuring device installed on a rotor of an electric machine having an AC / AC exciter has been realized.

Therefore, according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, an electric machine is provided, the electric machine being an exciter stator, a stator, a rotor assembly, and a main machine rotor and exciter having field windings. An exciter rotor having a rotor winding, an exciter stator and an exciter rotor are a rotor assembly and a polyphase exciter rectifier, which form part of an AC / AC exciter, on the rotor assembly. Arranged in, the multi-phase exciter rectifier has multiple phase legs and each phase is configured to rectify the AC current from the exciter rotor winding and feed the DC current to the field winding. The legs are equipped with a multi-phase exciter rectifier connected to each electrical phase of the exciter rotor winding and a rotor measuring unit mounted on the rotor assembly for measuring rotor parameters. , A measurement system configured to measure rotor parameters, an electronic circuit element configured to receive rotor parameter measurements from the measurement system, and first and second power supply terminals. The first and second power terminals are connected to the respective electrical phases or field windings of the exciter rotor windings to allow the electronic circuit elements to be powered during the electromechanical outage.

An electric machine having an AC / AC exciter is controlled by a power converter. In particular, the exciter stator is fed AC power with a controllable frequency. The phases of the exciter rotor windings are connected by a transformer configuration. Due to the electromagnetic interaction with the exciter stator winding, the current is guided to the exciter rotor winding which acts as the secondary winding of the transformer. Since the stator current supplied by the power converter is alternating current, the current is generated when the rotor is set to stop operation, for example when the rotation of the rotor is locked, or when power is not provided to the main machine. It has been recognized by the present inventors that they are guided by the exciter rotor winding and the field winding as well. This also allows the rotor measuring unit to be powered during stop operation as long as the power converter supplies AC power to the exciter stator windings. Thereby, for example, it is possible to measure certain rotor parameters such as rotor temperature before restarting the electromechanical machine.

Compared to the case where the power supply terminal is connected to the DC side of the multi-phase exciter rectifier by connecting the first and second power supply terminals to the AC side of the multi-phase exciter rectifier, that is, the exciter rotor winding. , A high power source for the rotor measuring unit may be obtained, because the AC side line voltage of the multiphase exciter rectifier is larger than the DC side pole-ground voltage.

According to one embodiment, the rotor parameter is an electric exciter parameter.

According to one embodiment, the measuring system comprises a first measuring terminal configured to be connected to the AC side of the electromechanical multiphase exciter rectifier.

According to one embodiment, the measuring system comprises a temperature sensor configured to measure the rotor temperature.

According to one embodiment, the electronic circuit element comprises a transmitter configured to wirelessly transmit data about rotor parameter measurements to a base station.

According to one embodiment, the electronic circuit element is configured to frequency transform the rotor parameter measurements to obtain the frequency spectrum of the rotor parameter measurements.

According to one embodiment, the electronic circuit element is configured to compare the frequency spectrum with the reference frequency spectrum of the rotor parameter to determine if a fault condition is present.

According to one embodiment, the transmitter is configured to wirelessly transmit data regarding the presence of a fault condition.

One embodiment includes a commutator configured to rectify the currents obtained from the first and second power supply terminals and supply DC currents to the electronic circuit elements.

One embodiment comprises a base station, the rotor measuring unit is configured to wirelessly transmit data relating to rotor parameter measurement to the base station, and the base station is configured to process data relating to rotor parameter measurement.

According to one embodiment, the exciter field windings are connected by a delta connection or a Y-shaped connection.

One embodiment comprises a power converter configured to deliver AC current to the exciter stator.

In this regard, according to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a rotor measuring unit configured to be mounted on a rotor assembly of an electromechanical machine having an AC / AC exciter for measuring rotor parameters is provided. The rotor measurement unit comprises a measurement system configured to measure the rotor parameters, electronic circuit elements configured to receive rotor parameter measurements from the measurement system, and first and second power terminals. The first and second power terminals are connected to the windings of the rotor assembly and are configured to allow power supply of electronic circuit elements during the stop operation of the electromechanical machine.

According to one embodiment, the winding is an exciter rotor winding or a field winding.

According to one embodiment, the rotor parameter is an electric exciter parameter.

According to one embodiment, the measuring system comprises a first measuring terminal configured to be connected to the AC side of the multiphase exciter rectifier.

According to one embodiment, the measuring system comprises a temperature sensor configured to measure the rotor temperature.

According to one embodiment, the electronic circuit element comprises a transmitter configured to wirelessly transmit data relating to rotor parameter measurements to a base station.

According to one embodiment, the electronic circuit element is configured to frequency transform the rotor parameter measurements to obtain the frequency spectrum of the rotor parameter measurements.

According to one embodiment, the electronic circuit element is configured to compare the frequency spectrum with the reference frequency spectrum of the rotor parameter to determine if a fault condition is present.

According to one embodiment, the transmitter is configured to wirelessly transmit data regarding the presence of a fault condition.

One embodiment includes a commutator configured to rectify the currents obtained from the first and second power supply terminals and supply DC currents to the electronic circuit elements.

According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a monitoring system for an electromechanical is provided, the monitoring system comprising a rotor measuring unit and a base station according to the second aspect presented herein. Is configured to wirelessly transmit data relating to rotor parameter measurement to the base station, which is configured to process data relating to rotor parameter measurement.

According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, an electric machine is provided, the electric machine being an exciter stator, a stator, a rotor assembly, a main machine rotor having a field winding, and an exciter rotor winding. An exciter rotor having a wire, an exciter stator and an exciter rotor are a rotor assembly and a polyphase exciter rectifier, which form part of an AC / AC exciter, and are arranged on the rotor assembly. The AC current from the exciter rotor winding is rectified and a DC current is supplied to the field winding. The multi-phase exciter rectifier has multiple phase legs, and each phase leg has multiple phase legs. It comprises a multi-phase exciter rectifier connected to each electrical phase of the exciter rotor winding and a rotor measuring unit according to the second aspect of the present disclosure or a monitoring system according to the third aspect.

According to one embodiment, the rotor measuring unit is mounted on the rotor assembly and the first and second power terminals are on the DC side of the respective electrical phase or polyphase exciter rectifier of the exciter rotor winding. Connected to each pole.

According to one embodiment, the exciter rotor windings are connected by a delta connection or a Y-shaped connection.

One embodiment comprises a power converter configured to deliver AC current to the exciter stator.

In general, all terms used in the claims are to be construed in accordance with their usual meaning in the art, unless expressly specified herein. All references to one (a) / one (an) / element, device, component, means, etc. refer to at least one instance of the element, device, component, means, etc., unless explicitly stated otherwise. Interpreted openly as a reference.

Specific embodiments of the concept of the present invention are set forth herein by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It is a figure which shows typically the example of a rotor measurement unit. It is a figure which shows typically the example of the electric machine which has an AC / AC exciter. It is a figure which shows typically the example of the rotor measuring unit connected to the exciter rotor winding which is connected by delta. It is a figure which shows typically the example of the rotor measuring unit connected to the exciter rotor winding which is connected in a Y shape.

The concept of the present invention is described more fully herein with reference to the accompanying drawings in which exemplary embodiments are shown. However, the concepts of the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein; rather, these embodiments are disclosed herein. However, it is provided as an example that is thorough and complete and fully conveys the concept of the present invention to those skilled in the art. Similar numbers refer to similar elements throughout the description.

The present disclosure relates to a rotor measuring unit configured to measure one or more rotor parameters of a rotating electric machine having an AC / AC exciter. The rotating electric machine may be a synchronous machine, in particular, such as a synchronous motor or a synchronous generator. The rotor parameters are advantageously associated with an AC / AC exciter, eg, an electric exciter parameter and / or a thermal exciter rotor parameter, or a main machine rotor. The rotor measuring unit is arranged to be assembled or installed on a rotor assembly including an exciter rotor, a main machine rotor, and a rotor shaft.

The rotor measuring unit may be specifically configured to be connected to the AC side of the polyphase exciter rectifier to an exciter rotor winding that is connected in a delta or Y-shape or equivalent. The multi-phase exciter commutator is configured to rectify the AC current induced by the exciter rotor winding to a DC current and feed the field winding to power the rotor measuring unit. .. Alternatively, the rotor measuring unit may be configured to be connected to the field winding, i.e., the DC side of the multiphase exciter rectifier. In the latter case, the rotor measuring unit may be configured to be connected to the two electrical poles of the field winding.

Therefore, the rotor measuring unit can be connected to the first and second electrical phases of the exciter rotor winding, or to the positive and negative poles of the field winding, respectively, of the first and second. Has a power supply terminal. Thereby, the rotor measuring unit can keep the rotor measuring unit as long as the power converter supplies AC power to the exciter stator while the rotor is stopped, both while the rotor is rotating and when the rotor is stopped. , Can be powered.

The rotor measuring unit is further configured to measure at least one rotor parameter of the rotor by the measuring system. Such rotor parameters are, for example, electric rotor parameters, such as field winding current, field winding voltage, or electric exciter parameters such as exciter rotor winding voltage, exciter rotor winding current, or , Rotor temperature may be. The measurement system is configured to provide any rotor parameter measurement to the electrical circuit elements of the rotor measurement unit for handling the rotor parameter measurement.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a rotor measuring unit 1. The rotor measuring unit 1 is configured to be mounted on a rotor assembly comprising a rotor shaft, a main machine rotor having field windings, and an exciter rotor having exciter rotor windings. Therefore, the rotor measuring unit 1 is arranged to be attached to one of the rotor shaft, the main machine rotor, and the exciter rotor. Therefore, the rotor measuring unit 1 has an attachment means for attaching the rotor measuring unit 1 to the rotor assembly.

The rotor measurement unit 1 includes a measurement system 3 configured to measure rotor parameters. Thus, the measuring system 3 is, for example, one or more terminals, eg, a first measuring terminal, the first measuring terminal for connecting to, for example, an exciter rotor winding or a field winding. May be provided. The measurement system 3 may also include a temperature sensor for measuring the rotor temperature.

The rotor measurement unit 1 further includes an electronic circuit element 5 configured to receive a rotor parameter measurement of the rotor parameter measured by the measurement system 3.

According to one variant, the electronic circuit element 5 frequency-converts the time domain rotor parameter measurements, for example by Fourier transform, and compares the frequency spectrum with the reference frequency spectrum in various faults or undesired states. It may be configured to process rotor parameter measurements by analyzing the spectrum. The rotor measurement unit may in this case include a storage unit that includes a reference frequency spectrum, or the rotor measurement unit may wirelessly transmit the reference frequency spectrum from the base station in real time or substantially in real time during the process of comparison. May be received. Examples of such failures or undesired conditions are in-winding defects in rotor windings, damper or stator winding problems, exciter winding defects, and semiconductor accessories for multi-phase exciter rectifiers in electrical machinery. Is a defect of. The particular failure / undesired condition analyzed depends on the rotor parameters measured by the measurement system 3. The signature spectrum of the reference frequency spectrum is not the subject of this disclosure and will therefore not be further discussed herein. The electronic circuit element 5 may include a processing circuit element in this case, which is a suitable central processing unit (CPU), multiprocessor, microcontroller, capable of performing operations related to failure diagnosis. Use any combination of one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), and so on.

According to one modification, the electronic circuit element 5 may include a transmitter 5a. The transmitter 5a is configured to wirelessly transmit data related to rotor parameter measurement to a base station located away from the rotor where the rotor measurement unit 1 is installed. This data for rotor parameter measurements may include, for example, the rotor parameter measurements themselves and / or the diagnostic results in a variant in which the electronic circuit element 5 can determine failure as disclosed in the previous paragraph. is there.

The rotor measuring unit 1 is configured to withstand the harsh conditions present in the electromechanical machine. The rotor measuring unit 1 may include, for example, a shield structure for shielding an electromagnetic force existing in an electric machine during operation from an electronic circuit element 5.

The rotor measuring unit 1 includes a first power supply terminal 7a and a second power supply terminal 7b, and the electronic circuit element 5 is provided both during the rotational operation of the electric machine and under the stopped state in which the rotor is stopped in the meantime. Power to.

According to one modification, the first power supply terminal 7a is configured to be connected to the first electrical phase of the multi-phase exciter rotor winding. The second power supply terminal 7b is configured to be connected to the second electrical phase of the multi-phase exciter rotor winding. The exciter rotor windings are further connected in either a delta or Y-shaped connection. As a result, the rotor measuring unit 1 is guided as long as the exciter stator is supplied with AC power from the power converter, both when the rotor is rotating and when the rotor or the electric machine is stopped. Can be powered by.

According to another modification, the first power supply terminal 7a is configured to be connected to the first pole of the field winding. The second power supply terminal 7b is configured to be connected to the second pole of the field winding.

In a modification designed so that the rotor measuring unit 1 is connected to an exciter rotor winding in order to feed DC power to the electronic circuit element 5, the rotor measuring unit 1 has a first power supply terminal 7a and a first power supply terminal 7a. It may further include a rectifier 9 configured to rectify the alternating current provided by the power supply terminal 7b of 2.

FIG. 2 shows an example of an AC / AC exciter 13 and a power converter 15, particularly an electric machine 11 including a frequency converter. The AC / AC exciter 13 has an exciter stator 13a and an exciter stator winding 13b provided in the exciter stator 13a. The power converter 15 is arranged to supply AC power to the exciter stator winding 13b. As is well known, the power converter 15 can be controlled to provide power with different frequencies and magnitudes. The AC / AC exciter 13 is an exciter rotor 13c forming a part of the rotor assembly 12 of the electric machine 11 and an exciter rotor winding 13d, which are provided on the exciter rotor 13c. FIG. According to the example of, the exciter rotor winding 13d, which is a polyphase winding connected by a Y-shaped connection, is further provided. The exciter rotor windings may instead be connected by a delta, as shown in FIG.

The electromechanical machine 11 further includes a multi-phase exciter rectifier 17, a main machine rotor 19, a field winding 19a provided on the main machine rotor 19, a stator 21, and a stator winding 23 arranged in the stator 21. ..

The exciter rotor winding 13d is connected to a multi-phase exciter rectifier 17 configured to deliver DC power to the field winding 19a. The exciter rotor winding 13d is configured to electromagnetically interact with the exciter stator winding 13b.

The field winding 19a and the exciter rotor winding 13d are connected via a multi-phase exciter rectifier 17. The multi-phase exciter rectifier 17 comprises a semiconductor device such as a diode, a thyristor, an IGBT, or the like for converting a multi-phase AC voltage into a DC voltage. The multi-phase exciter rectifier 17 may be a full-wave rectifier or a half-wave rectifier.

The field winding 19a is arranged for electromagnetic interaction with the stator 21 and the stator winding 23.

According to the example of FIG. 2, the rotor measuring unit 1 is mounted on the rotor assembly 12, particularly on the exciter rotor 13c. Further, the base station 20 is similarly shown, which together with the rotor measuring unit 1 form a monitoring system for the electromechanical machine 11. The rotor measuring unit 1 and the base station 20 are configured to perform wireless communication. In particular, the rotor measurement unit 1 is arranged to transmit data relating to the rotor parameter measurement, and the base station 20 is arranged to process this data. For example, the base station 20 frequency-converts the data when the data includes the rotor parameter measurement value, and compares the frequency spectrum thus obtained with the reference frequency spectrum of various failures to obtain data on the rotor parameter measurement. May be deployed to carry out the diagnosis of.

Here, referring to FIG. 3, an example of connection between the rotor measuring unit 1 and the exciter rotor winding 13d is shown. In this example, the polyphase exciter rectifier 17 is mounted by a diode, but as described above, other mounting configurations are similarly possible.

In the case of the example of FIG. 3, the exciter rotor winding 13d has three electrical phases 25a to 25c. These electrical phases 25a to 25c are connected to the corresponding phase legs on the AC side of the multiphase exciter rectifier 17. In this regard, electrical phases 25a-25c and phase legs will be referred to interchangeably herein.

According to this example, the exciter rotor windings 13d are connected in a delta configuration, which can be considered as forming the secondary winding of the transformer. The exciter stator winding 13b. Therefore, when the rotor assembly is stopped and the exciter stator winding 13b is supplied with AC current from the power converter 15, the current is within the electrical phase or phase legs 25a-25c. You will be guided. The first power supply terminal 7a is connected to the electrical phase or phase leg 25a, and the second power supply terminal 7b is connected to the electrical phase or phase leg 25b.

Further, according to an example, the measuring system 3 has a first measuring terminal connected to the phase leg 25a for measuring the exciter rotor winding current. However, it should be noted that it is assumed that other rotor parameters may be measured in place of or in addition to the exciter rotor winding current / voltage, as shown above. is there.

The first power supply terminal 7a can instead be connected to the first pole of the field winding, and the second power supply terminal 7b can instead be connected to the second pole of the field winding. It should be noted in the variant of this example that it can be done.

FIG. 4 shows a configuration similar to that of FIG. 3 except that the electrical phases 25a to 25c of the exciter rotor winding 13d are connected in a Y-shaped configuration.

The concept of the present invention has been primarily described above with reference to a few examples. However, as will be readily recognized by those skilled in the art, embodiments other than those disclosed above are similarly possible within the concept of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (12)

It is an electric machine (11)
Exciter stator (13a) and
With the stator (21)
A rotor assembly (12) comprising a main machine rotor (19) having a field winding (19a) and an exciter rotor (13c) having an exciter rotor winding (13d). The rotor assembly (12) and the rotor assembly (12), wherein the exciter rotor (13a) and the exciter rotor (13c) form a part of the AC exciter (13).
A multi-phase exciter commutator (17), which is arranged on the rotor assembly (12) and rectifies an AC current from the exciter rotor winding (13d) to rectify the field winding (19a). to be configured to feed the DC current, said multi-phase exciter rectifier (17) has a plurality of Isoashi (25 a to 25 c), each Isoashi (25 a to 25 c) is the exciter rotor windings A multi-phase exciter commutator (17) connected to each electrical phase of (13d), and
For measuring the rotor parameters, the a rotor assembly (12) rotors measuring unit mounted on (1), the rotor measuring unit (1),
A measurement system (3) configured to measure the rotor parameters,
An electronic circuit element (5) configured to receive rotor parameter measurements from the measurement system (3), and
The first and second power supply terminals (7a, 7b) are provided, and the first and second power supply terminals (7a, 7b) are the respective electric phases (25a, 25b) of the exciter rotor winding (13d). ) Or the field winding (19a) to enable power supply of the electronic circuit element (5) during stop operation of the electrical machine (11). The electric machine (11) according to claim 1, wherein the rotor parameter is an electric exciter parameter. The measurement system (3) comprises a first measurement terminal configured to be connected to the AC side of the multi-phase exciter rectifier (17) of the electrical machine (11), in claim 1 or 2 The electric machine (11). The electrical machine (11) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the measurement system (3) includes a temperature sensor configured to measure the rotor temperature. Said electronic circuitry (5), the provided rotor parameter measurements base station data on (20) to the transmitter configured to wirelessly transmit a (5a), to any one of claims 1 4 The electric machine (11). The electricity according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the electronic circuit element (5) is configured to frequency-convert the rotor parameter measurement value to obtain a frequency spectrum of the rotor parameter measurement value. Machine (11). The electric machine according to claim 6 , wherein the electronic circuit element (5) is configured to compare the frequency spectrum with the reference frequency spectrum of the rotor parameter to determine whether or not a failure state exists. (11). The electrical machine (11) of claim 5 , wherein the transmitter is configured to wirelessly transmit data relating to the presence of a fault condition. A claim comprising a commutator (9) configured to rectify currents obtained from the first and second power supply terminals (7a, 7b) and supply DC current to the electronic circuit element (5). The electric machine (11) according to any one of 1 to 8. The base station (20) is further provided, the rotor measurement unit (1) is configured to wirelessly transmit data regarding the rotor parameter measurement value to the base station (20), and the base station (20) is said to have the same. The electromechanical (11) according to any one of claims 1 to 9 , configured to process the data for rotor parameter measurements. The electromechanical machine (11) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the field winding (19a) is connected by a delta connection or a Y-shaped connection. The electric machine (11) according to any one of claims 1 to 11 , further comprising a power converter (15) configured to supply AC current to the exciter stator (13a).

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