JP6606025B2 - Driving skill determination device - Google Patents

Driving skill determination device Download PDF

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JP6606025B2
JP6606025B2 JP2016127984A JP2016127984A JP6606025B2 JP 6606025 B2 JP6606025 B2 JP 6606025B2 JP 2016127984 A JP2016127984 A JP 2016127984A JP 2016127984 A JP2016127984 A JP 2016127984A JP 6606025 B2 JP6606025 B2 JP 6606025B2
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driving skill
skill determination
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一貴 冨岡
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、車両の運転技量を判定する運転技量判定装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a driving skill determination device that determines a driving skill of a vehicle.

例えば特許文献1には、車両の運転操作状態(運転技量)を判定・評価する技術が開示されている。特許文献1の車両用運転支援装置は、運転者による運転技量の判定・評価制御を行うシステム側コントローラを備える。このシステム側コントローラは、車両の車速、操舵角、アクセル開度、ブレーキ液圧等の検出信号に基づいて、車両の前後・左右加速度値を算出し、算出した前後・左右加速度値に基づき車両の運転技量を判定・評価する。   For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for determining and evaluating a driving operation state (driving skill) of a vehicle. The vehicle driving support device of Patent Document 1 includes a system-side controller that performs driving skill determination / evaluation control by a driver. This system-side controller calculates the longitudinal and lateral acceleration values of the vehicle based on detection signals such as the vehicle speed, steering angle, accelerator opening, and brake fluid pressure of the vehicle, and based on the calculated longitudinal and lateral acceleration values of the vehicle. Determine and evaluate driving skills.

特開2012−106714号公報JP 2012-106714 A

しかしながら、特許文献1の運転技量判定技術では、例えば、比較的低速での走行時や曲率の緩やかな曲線路の走行時には運転技量判定用の車両の前後・左右加速度値がさほど大きくならない。その結果、前後・左右加速度値がノイズに埋もれてしまい、運転技量を高い精度で判定することが難しいという問題があった。   However, with the driving skill determination technique of Patent Document 1, for example, when driving at a relatively low speed or traveling on a curved road with a gentle curvature, the longitudinal and lateral acceleration values of the vehicle for determining the driving skill are not so large. As a result, the longitudinal and lateral acceleration values are buried in noise, and it is difficult to determine the driving skill with high accuracy.

本発明は、前記実情に鑑みてなされたものであり、比較的低速での走行時や曲率の緩やかな曲線路を走行時であっても、車両の運転技量判定を高い精度で遂行可能な運転技量判定装置を提供することを課題とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is capable of performing vehicle driving skill determination with high accuracy even when traveling at a relatively low speed or on a curved road with a gentle curvature. It is an object to provide a skill determination device.

車両の運転技量判定を高い精度で遂行する目的を達成するために、本発明者は、運転技量判定を行う際に用いる基礎的情報として、どのような情報が相応しいかについて研究を進めていた。
従来の技術では、運転技量判定を行う際の基礎的情報として、車両の挙動に関連する挙動関連時系列信号(例えば、前後加速度、ヨーレート等)を用いるのが一般的であった。
本発明者は、同研究の過程で、運転技量判定を行う際に用いる基礎的情報として、挙動関連時系列信号に代えて、加速操作部材(アクセルペダル等)、制動操作部材(ブレーキペダル等)、及び操舵操作部材(ハンドル等)のうち少なくとも1つの操作部材に係る操作に関連する操作関連時系列信号を用いれば、車両の運転技量判定を高い精度で遂行可能ではないか、との発想を得た。
これは、次の知見に基づく。すなわち、例えば、時々刻々と車速が変化する場合において、加速操作位置及び制動液圧の経時変化特性(操作関連時系列信号)は、前後加速度の経時変化特性(挙動関連時系列信号)と概ね比例関係にある。また、例えば、操舵角の経時変化特性(操作関連時系列信号)は、ヨーレイトの経時変化特性(挙動関連時系列信号)と概ね比例関係にある。こうした相関関係を踏まえれば、加速操作位置、制動液圧、操舵角の時間変化(操作関連時系列信号)を、車両挙動の時間変化の関数とみなすことができる。
ここで、車両挙動の時間変化は、車両の運転技量と高い相関関係がある。車両挙動の時間変化が大きい操作としては、例えば、いわゆる、カックンブレーキ(急制動)、ドッカンアクセル(急加速)、切り足し及び切り戻し操舵をあげることができる。これらは運転技量が低い運転者において頻出する操作である。これとは逆に、運転技量が高い運転者では、一般に、車両挙動の時間変化が小さい、滑らかな運転操作(加減速操作及び操舵操作)が行われる。
換言すれば、運転技量が低い運転者では小刻みかつ急な運転操作が頻出する一方、運転技量が高い運転者では緩やかな運転操作が頻出する傾向がある。
要するに、運転技量判定を行う際の基礎的情報として、挙動関連時系列信号に代えて、運転操作の緩急に係る経時変化情報を含む操作関連時系列信号を用いれば、車両の運転技量判定を高い精度で遂行可能である。
In order to achieve the purpose of performing vehicle driving skill determination with high accuracy, the present inventor has been conducting research on what information is appropriate as basic information used when performing driving skill determination.
In the prior art, behavior-related time-series signals (for example, longitudinal acceleration, yaw rate, etc.) related to the behavior of the vehicle are generally used as basic information when performing driving skill determination.
In the course of this research, the present inventor, instead of behavior-related time series signals, as basic information used when determining driving skill, an acceleration operation member (accelerator pedal, etc.), a brake operation member (brake pedal, etc.) And an operation-related time-series signal related to an operation related to at least one of the steering operation members (such as a steering wheel) is used to determine whether or not the vehicle driving skill determination can be performed with high accuracy. Obtained.
This is based on the following findings. That is, for example, when the vehicle speed changes from moment to moment, the time-varying characteristics of the acceleration operation position and the brake fluid pressure (operation-related time series signals) are approximately proportional to the time-varying characteristics of the longitudinal acceleration (behavior-related time series signals). There is a relationship. Further, for example, the steering angle aging characteristic (operation-related time series signal) is approximately proportional to the yaw rate aging characteristic (behavior-related time series signal). Based on such a correlation, the time change (operation-related time series signal) of the acceleration operation position, the brake hydraulic pressure, and the steering angle can be regarded as a function of the time change of the vehicle behavior.
Here, the time change of the vehicle behavior has a high correlation with the driving skill of the vehicle. Examples of operations with large changes in vehicle behavior over time include so-called cuckling brakes (rapid braking), doccan accelerators (rapid acceleration), add-on and switchback steering. These operations are frequently performed by a driver with a low driving skill. On the other hand, a driver with a high driving skill generally performs a smooth driving operation (acceleration / deceleration operation and steering operation) with a small change in vehicle behavior over time.
In other words, a driver with a low driving skill frequently performs small and rapid driving operations, while a driver with a high driving skill tends to frequently perform a gentle driving operation.
In short, if the operation-related time series signal including the time-dependent change information related to the driving operation is used instead of the behavior-related time series signal as the basic information when performing the driving skill determination, the driving skill determination of the vehicle is high. It can be performed with accuracy.

そこで、本発明に係る運転技量判定装置(1)では、道路を走行する車両の運転技量を判定する運転技量判定装置であって、加速操作部材、制動操作部材、及び操舵操作部材のうち少なくとも1つの操作部材に係る操作に関連する操作関連時系列信号(運転操作の緩急に係る経時変化情報を含む)を取得する取得部と、前記取得部で取得した操作関連時系列信号に対して周波数解析を行う解析部と、前記操作関連時系列信号に対する解析結果に基づいて、前記車両の運転技量判定を行う判定部と、を備える構成を採用することとした。   Therefore, the driving skill determination device (1) according to the present invention is a driving skill determination device that determines the driving skill of a vehicle traveling on a road, and is at least one of an acceleration operation member, a braking operation member, and a steering operation member. An acquisition unit that acquires operation-related time-series signals related to operations related to one operation member (including time-dependent change information related to driving operation), and frequency analysis for the operation-related time-series signals acquired by the acquisition unit And a determination unit that determines the driving skill of the vehicle based on an analysis result of the operation-related time-series signal.

ところで、本発明者の研究によると、運転技量判定の基礎的情報として操作関連時系列信号を用いた際に、同信号のうち運転操作が急である旨の判定を下す際の指標となる、(解析対象として相応しい)周波数成分の下限閾値は、特に限定されないが、およそ1〜3Hz程度であることがわかった。また、本発明者は、解析対象として相応しい周波数成分と比べて低い周波数成分は、周波数解析結果の精度に悪い影響を与えることを突き止めた。さらに、操作関連時系列信号に対する解析対象区間の時間長を適切に設定すれば、精度の高い解析結果(車両の運転技量判定)を獲得可能ではないか、との発想を得た。   By the way, according to the inventor's research, when using an operation-related time-series signal as basic information for driving skill determination, it becomes an index when making a determination that the driving operation is abrupt among the signals, The lower limit threshold of the frequency component (suitable as an analysis target) is not particularly limited, but was found to be about 1 to 3 Hz. In addition, the present inventor has found that a frequency component that is lower than a frequency component suitable as an analysis target adversely affects the accuracy of the frequency analysis result. Furthermore, the idea that a highly accurate analysis result (vehicle driving skill determination) can be obtained by appropriately setting the time length of the analysis target section with respect to the operation-related time-series signal was obtained.

そこで、本発明に係る運転技量判定装置(1)では、前記解析部は、前記取得部で取得した操作関連時系列信号に対し、ローパスフィルタを作用させた後、位相補償を行い、前記操作関連時系列信号と、前記位相補償後の操作関連時系列信号との差分信号を抽出し、当該抽出された差分信号に対して周波数解析を行う構成を採用することとした。   Therefore, in the driving skill determination device (1) according to the present invention, the analysis unit applies a low-pass filter to the operation-related time series signal acquired by the acquisition unit, performs phase compensation, and performs the operation-related A difference signal between the time-series signal and the operation-related time-series signal after the phase compensation is extracted, and a configuration in which frequency analysis is performed on the extracted difference signal is adopted.

本発明に係る運転技量判定装置(1)によれば、比較的低速での走行時や曲率の緩やかな曲線路を走行時であっても、車両の運転技量判定を高い精度で遂行することができる。
しかも、本発明に係る運転技量判定装置(1)によれば、操作関連時系列信号のうち周波数解析結果の精度に悪い影響を与える比較的低い周波数成分をローパスフィルタ等を用いて除去すると共に位相補償を行い、位相補償後の信号に対して周波数解析を行うため、車両の運転技量判定を高い精度で遂行する効果を期待することができる。
According to the driving skill determination device (1) of the present invention, the driving skill determination of a vehicle can be performed with high accuracy even when traveling at a relatively low speed or traveling on a curved road with a gentle curvature. it can.
Moreover, according to the driving skill determination device (1) of the present invention, a relatively low frequency component that adversely affects the accuracy of the frequency analysis result is removed from the operation-related time series signal using a low-pass filter or the like and the phase Since compensation is performed and frequency analysis is performed on the signal after phase compensation, it is possible to expect the effect of performing vehicle driving skill determination with high accuracy.

また、本発明に係る運転技量判定装置(2)は、本発明に係る運転技量判定装置(1)であって、前記ローパスフィルタの遮断周波数は、解析対象の周波数成分と比べて低い周波数成分の信号が通過することを考慮して設定されることを特徴とする。   Further, the driving skill determination device (2) according to the present invention is the driving skill determination device (1) according to the present invention, wherein the cutoff frequency of the low-pass filter is lower than the frequency component to be analyzed. It is characterized in that it is set in consideration of the passage of a signal.

本発明に係る運転技量判定装置(2)によれば、ローパスフィルタの遮断周波数は、解析対象の周波数成分と比べて低い周波数成分の信号が通過することを考慮して設定されるため、本発明に係る運転技量判定装置(1)と比べて、車両の運転技量判定をより高い精度で遂行する効果を期待することができる。   According to the driving skill determination device (2) according to the present invention, the cutoff frequency of the low-pass filter is set in consideration of the passage of a signal having a frequency component lower than the frequency component to be analyzed. Compared with the driving skill determination device (1) according to the above, it is possible to expect the effect of performing the driving skill determination of the vehicle with higher accuracy.

また、本発明に係る運転技量判定装置(3)は、本発明に係る運転技量判定装置(1)又は(2)であって、前記解析部は、前記抽出された差分信号のうち、前記解析対象の周波数成分に係る信号の強度を抽出し、前記判定部は、前記解析対象の周波数成分に係る信号の強度が、所定の強度閾値を超える場合に運転技量が低いと判定する一方、前記強度閾値以下である場合に運転技量が高いと判定することを特徴とする。
ここで、所定の強度閾値としては、解析対象の周波数成分に係る信号の強度を、車両の運転技量を判定する際の指標として用いることを考慮して、実験・シミュレーション等を通じて得た値を適宜設定すればよい。
Further, the driving skill determination device (3) according to the present invention is the driving skill determination device (1) or (2) according to the present invention, wherein the analysis unit analyzes the analysis of the extracted difference signals. The strength of the signal related to the target frequency component is extracted, and the determination unit determines that the driving skill is low when the strength of the signal related to the frequency component of the analysis exceeds a predetermined strength threshold, while the strength It is determined that the driving skill is high when the value is equal to or less than the threshold value.
Here, as the predetermined intensity threshold, a value obtained through an experiment / simulation or the like is appropriately selected in consideration of using the intensity of the signal related to the frequency component to be analyzed as an index when determining the driving skill of the vehicle. You only have to set it.

本発明に係る運転技量判定装置(3)によれば、判定部は、解析対象の周波数成分に係る信号の強度が、所定の強度閾値を超える場合に運転技量が低いと判定する一方、強度閾値以下である場合に運転技量が高いと判定するため、本発明に係る運転技量判定装置(1)又は(2)と同様に、車両の運転技量判定を高い精度で遂行することができる。   According to the driving skill determination device (3) according to the present invention, the determination unit determines that the driving skill is low when the intensity of the signal related to the frequency component to be analyzed exceeds a predetermined intensity threshold, while the intensity threshold. Since it is determined that the driving skill is high in the following cases, the driving skill determination of the vehicle can be performed with high accuracy as in the driving skill determination device (1) or (2) according to the present invention.

運転技量判定を行う際の基礎的情報として、操作関連時系列信号に対する周波数解析の結果を用いる場合に、いかなる態様の解析手段を用いるか、が問題となる。また、周波数解析として、仮にフーリエ変換を用いた場合に、フーリエ変換における解析対象区間の時間長を、いかにして設定するのか、が問題となる。   When using the result of the frequency analysis for the operation-related time series signal as basic information when performing the driving skill determination, what kind of analysis means is used becomes a problem. In addition, when the Fourier transform is used as the frequency analysis, how to set the time length of the analysis target section in the Fourier transform becomes a problem.

そこで、本発明に係る運転技量判定装置(4)では、本発明に係る運転技量判定装置(1)又は(2)であって、前記周波数解析はフーリエ変換を用いて行われ、前記フーリエ変換における解析対象区間の時間長は、解析対象の周波数成分に係る信号を1周期以上含み、かつ無信号区間が短くなることを考慮して設定されている構成を採用することとした。   Therefore, in the driving skill determination device (4) according to the present invention, the driving skill determination device (1) or (2) according to the present invention, wherein the frequency analysis is performed using Fourier transform, and in the Fourier transform, The time length of the analysis target section is determined so as to include a signal related to the frequency component to be analyzed for one period or more and to take into account that the no-signal section is shortened.

本発明に係る運転技量判定装置(4)によれば、解析結果の精度向上が実現される結果として、本発明に係る運転技量判定装置(1)又は(2)と比べて、車両の運転技量判定を一層高い精度で遂行することができる。   According to the driving skill determination device (4) according to the present invention, as a result of realizing the improvement in accuracy of the analysis result, the driving skill of the vehicle is compared with the driving skill determination device (1) or (2) according to the present invention. The determination can be performed with higher accuracy.

また、本発明に係る運転技量判定装置(5)では、道路を走行する車両の運転技量を判定する運転技量判定装置であって、加速操作部材、制動操作部材、及び操舵操作部材のうち少なくとも1つの操作部材に係る操作に関連する操作関連時系列信号を取得する取得部と、前記取得部で取得した操作関連時系列信号に対して周波数解析を行う解析部と、前記操作関連時系列信号に対する解析結果に基づいて、前記車両の運転技量判定を行う判定部と、を備え、前記解析部は、前記取得部で取得した操作関連時系列信号に対し、ハイパスフィルタを作用させた後、位相補償を行い、当該位相補償後の信号に対して周波数解析を行うことを最も主要な特徴とする。   The driving skill determination device (5) according to the present invention is a driving skill determination device that determines the driving skill of a vehicle traveling on a road, and is at least one of an acceleration operation member, a braking operation member, and a steering operation member. An acquisition unit that acquires an operation-related time series signal related to an operation related to one operation member, an analysis unit that performs frequency analysis on the operation-related time series signal acquired by the acquisition unit, and the operation-related time series signal A determination unit that determines the driving skill of the vehicle based on the analysis result, and the analysis unit applies a high-pass filter to the operation-related time-series signal acquired by the acquisition unit, and then performs phase compensation. And performing frequency analysis on the phase-compensated signal.

本発明に係る運転技量判定装置(1)と、本発明に係る運転技量判定装置(5)とは、本発明に係る運転技量判定装置(1)では、操作関連時系列信号に対しローパスフィルタを作用させるのに対し、本発明に係る運転技量判定装置(5)では、操作関連時系列信号に対しハイフィルタを作用させる点が主として相違している。
ただし、本発明に係る運転技量判定装置(1)と、本発明に係る運転技量判定装置(5)とは、周波数解析結果の精度向上を狙って、解析対象として相応しい周波数成分と比べて低い周波数成分を除去する構成を採用している点が共通している。
The driving skill determination device (1) according to the present invention and the driving skill determination device (5) according to the present invention include a low-pass filter for the operation-related time series signal in the driving skill determination device (1) according to the present invention. In contrast, the driving skill determination device (5) according to the present invention is mainly different in that the high filter is applied to the operation-related time series signal.
However, the driving skill determination device (1) according to the present invention and the driving skill determination device (5) according to the present invention aim at improving the accuracy of the frequency analysis result, and have a lower frequency than the frequency component suitable for the analysis target. The point which employ | adopts the structure which removes a component is common.

本発明に係る運転技量判定装置(5)によれば、操作関連時系列信号のうち周波数解析結果の精度に悪い影響を与える比較的低い周波数成分をハイパスフィルタ等を用いて除去すると共に位相補償を行い、位相補償後の信号に対して周波数解析を行うため、本発明に係る運転技量判定装置(1)と同様に、車両の運転技量判定を高い精度で遂行する効果を期待することができる。   According to the driving skill determination device (5) of the present invention, a relatively low frequency component that adversely affects the accuracy of the frequency analysis result is removed from the operation-related time series signal using a high-pass filter and the phase compensation is performed. Since the frequency analysis is performed on the signal after the phase compensation, the effect of performing the driving skill determination of the vehicle with high accuracy can be expected as in the driving skill determination apparatus (1) according to the present invention.

本発明によれば、比較的低速での走行時や曲率の緩やかな曲線路を走行時であっても、車両の運転技量判定を高い精度で遂行することができる。また、本発明によれば、操作関連時系列信号のうち周波数解析結果の精度に悪い影響を与える比較的低い周波数成分をローパスフィルタ等を用いて除去すると共に位相補償を行い、位相補償後の信号に対して周波数解析を行うため、車両の運転技量判定を高い精度で遂行する効果を期待することができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to perform vehicle driving skill determination with high accuracy even when traveling at a relatively low speed or traveling on a curved road with a gentle curvature. In addition, according to the present invention, a relatively low frequency component that adversely affects the accuracy of the frequency analysis result among operation-related time series signals is removed using a low-pass filter or the like, and phase compensation is performed. Therefore, it is possible to expect the effect of performing the driving skill determination of the vehicle with high accuracy.

本発明の実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置の構成を模式的に表す図である。It is a figure which represents typically the structure of the driving skill determination apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置の構成を模式的に表す図である。It is a figure which represents typically the structure of the driving skill determination apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置の構成を模式的に表す図である。It is a figure which represents typically the structure of the driving skill determination apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置の動作説明に供する流れ図である。It is a flowchart with which it uses for operation | movement description of the driving skill determination apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第2実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置の動作説明に供する流れ図である。It is a flowchart with which it uses for operation | movement description of the driving skill determination apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第3実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置の動作説明に供する流れ図である。It is a flowchart with which it uses for operation | movement description of the driving skill determination apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. モニタ装置による運転技量判定結果の一表示態様を表す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing showing the one display mode of the driving skill determination result by a monitor apparatus.

本発明の実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置について、図面を参照しつつ詳細に説明する。
〔本発明の実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11の構成〕
初めに、本発明の実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11の構成について、図1A〜図1Cを参照して説明する。図1A〜図1Cは、本発明の実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11の構成を模式的に表す図である。本発明の第1〜第3実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11は、それぞれの動作は異なるものの、各自の動作は、実質的に共通の構成要素(図1A〜図1C参照)によって実現される。
なお、本願の特許請求の範囲に記載の発明は、第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11の変形例に対応する。第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11の説明には、変形例の前提となる構成が記載されている。
A driving skill determination device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[Configuration of Driving Skill Determination Device 11 According to an Embodiment of the Present Invention]
First, the configuration of the driving skill determination device 11 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A to 1C. 1A to 1C are diagrams schematically illustrating a configuration of a driving skill determination device 11 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the driving skill determination device 11 according to the first to third embodiments of the present invention, each operation is different, but each operation is realized by substantially common components (see FIGS. 1A to 1C). .
The invention described in the claims of the present application corresponds to a modified example of the driving skill determination device 11 according to the first embodiment. In the description of the driving skill determination device 11 according to the first embodiment, a configuration that is a premise of the modification is described.

運転技量判定装置11は、デジタル信号処理技術を用いて実時間で運転技量判定を行う機能を有する。こうした機能を実現するために、運転技量判定装置11は、図1Aに示すように、例えばCAN(Controller Area Network)のような通信媒体13を介して、入力系統としてのアクセルペダルセンサ15、ブレーキ液圧センサ17、操舵角センサ19、及び車速センサ20に接続される一方、出力系統としてのモニタ装置21に接続されている。   The driving skill determination device 11 has a function of performing driving skill determination in real time using a digital signal processing technique. In order to realize such a function, the driving skill determination device 11 includes an accelerator pedal sensor 15 as an input system, brake fluid, and the like via a communication medium 13 such as a CAN (Controller Area Network) as shown in FIG. 1A. While being connected to the pressure sensor 17, the steering angle sensor 19, and the vehicle speed sensor 20, it is connected to a monitor device 21 as an output system.

アクセルペダルセンサ15は、車両12に備えられたアクセルペダル14の踏込み位置を検出する機能を有する。アクセルペダルセンサ15により検出されるアクセルペダル位置の時系列信号は、通信媒体13を介して、運転技量判定装置11に供給される。   The accelerator pedal sensor 15 has a function of detecting the depression position of the accelerator pedal 14 provided in the vehicle 12. The time-series signal of the accelerator pedal position detected by the accelerator pedal sensor 15 is supplied to the driving skill determination device 11 via the communication medium 13.

ブレーキ液圧センサ17は、車両12に備えられたブレーキペダル16の踏込み操作により制動機構(不図示)を作動させるためのブレーキ液圧を検出する機能を有する。ブレーキ液圧センサ17により検出されるブレーキ液圧の時系列信号は、通信媒体13を介して、運転技量判定装置11に供給される。   The brake fluid pressure sensor 17 has a function of detecting a brake fluid pressure for operating a braking mechanism (not shown) by depressing a brake pedal 16 provided in the vehicle 12. The brake fluid pressure time series signal detected by the brake fluid pressure sensor 17 is supplied to the driving skill determination device 11 via the communication medium 13.

操舵角センサ19は、車両12の進行方向を指示する際に運転者により操作されるハンドル18の操舵角を検出する機能を有する。操舵角センサ19により検出される操舵角の時系列信号は、通信媒体13を介して、運転技量判定装置11に供給される。なお、操舵角は、ハンドル18の中立位置(操舵系の中点)を基準として、例えば、ハンドル18の左旋回方向の操舵角がプラスの値、ハンドルの右旋回方向の操舵角がマイナスの値をとるものとする。   The steering angle sensor 19 has a function of detecting the steering angle of the handle 18 operated by the driver when instructing the traveling direction of the vehicle 12. The time series signal of the steering angle detected by the steering angle sensor 19 is supplied to the driving skill determination device 11 via the communication medium 13. The steering angle is based on the neutral position of the steering wheel 18 (the middle point of the steering system), for example, the steering angle of the steering wheel 18 in the left turning direction is a positive value, and the steering angle of the steering wheel in the right turning direction is negative. Take the value.

車速センサ20は、車両12の速度(車速)を検出する機能を有する。車速センサ20により検出される車速は、通信媒体13を介して、運転技量判定装置11に供給される。   The vehicle speed sensor 20 has a function of detecting the speed (vehicle speed) of the vehicle 12. The vehicle speed detected by the vehicle speed sensor 20 is supplied to the driving skill determination device 11 via the communication medium 13.

モニタ装置21は、運転技量判定装置11による車両12に係る運転技量の判定結果を表示画面上に表示する機能を有する。モニタ装置21は、例えば車室内のインストゥルメントパネル(不図示)等に設けられる。   The monitor device 21 has a function of displaying the determination result of the driving skill related to the vehicle 12 by the driving skill determination device 11 on the display screen. The monitor device 21 is provided, for example, on an instrument panel (not shown) in the passenger compartment.

運転技量判定装置11は、アクセルペダルセンサ15により検出されるアクセルペダル位置、ブレーキ液圧センサ17により検出されるブレーキ液圧、操舵角センサ19により検出される操舵角、車速センサ20により検出される車速等の各種の値を参照して、車両12に係る運転技量を判定する機能を有する。運転技量判定装置11は、演算処理を行うマイクロコンピュータを含んで構成される。   The driving skill determination device 11 is detected by an accelerator pedal position detected by an accelerator pedal sensor 15, a brake hydraulic pressure detected by a brake hydraulic pressure sensor 17, a steering angle detected by a steering angle sensor 19, and a vehicle speed sensor 20. With reference to various values such as the vehicle speed, the vehicle 12 has a function of determining the driving skill related to the vehicle 12. The driving skill determination device 11 includes a microcomputer that performs arithmetic processing.

詳しく述べると、運転技量判定装置11は、図1Aに示すように、取得部31、解析部33、判別部35、判定部37、及び制御部39を備えて構成されている。   More specifically, as shown in FIG. 1A, the driving skill determination device 11 includes an acquisition unit 31, an analysis unit 33, a determination unit 35, a determination unit 37, and a control unit 39.

取得部31は、アクセルペダルセンサ15により検出されるアクセルペダル位置、ブレーキ液圧センサ17により検出されるブレーキ液圧、操舵角センサ19により検出される操舵角に係る操作関連時系列信号、車速センサ20により検出される車速に係る時系列信号をそれぞれ取得する機能を有する。なお、以下の説明では、アクセルペダル位置、ブレーキ液圧の経時的な変化値を加減速操作時系列信号と呼ぶ。また、操舵角の経時的な変化値を操舵操作時系列信号と呼ぶ。   The acquisition unit 31 includes an accelerator pedal position detected by the accelerator pedal sensor 15, a brake hydraulic pressure detected by the brake hydraulic pressure sensor 17, an operation-related time series signal related to the steering angle detected by the steering angle sensor 19, a vehicle speed sensor. 20 has a function of acquiring time series signals related to the vehicle speed detected by the vehicle 20. In the following description, the time-dependent change values of the accelerator pedal position and the brake fluid pressure are referred to as acceleration / deceleration operation time series signals. A change value of the steering angle with time is called a steering operation time series signal.

解析部33は、取得部31により取得した加減速操作時系列信号及び操舵操作時系列信号(本発明の「操作関連時系列信号」に相当する。)に対し、解析対象となる周波数成分について、高速フーリエ変換等の実時間での周波数解析を行う機能を有する。解析対象となる周波数成分としては、車両12の挙動に相関の高い、1〜3Hz程度の周波数成分を適宜設定すればよい。   For the frequency component to be analyzed with respect to the acceleration / deceleration operation time-series signal and the steering operation time-series signal (corresponding to the “operation-related time-series signal” of the present invention) acquired by the acquisition unit 31, It has a function of performing frequency analysis in real time such as fast Fourier transform. As a frequency component to be analyzed, a frequency component of about 1 to 3 Hz that has a high correlation with the behavior of the vehicle 12 may be set as appropriate.

判別部35は、加減速操作時系列信号(本発明の「操作関連時系列信号」に相当する。)に基づいて、加減速操作有無に係る判別を行う機能を有する。また、判別部35は、操舵操作時系列信号(本発明の「操作関連時系列信号」に相当する。)に対する解析部33による周波数解析結果に基づいて、操舵操作有無に係る判別を行う機能を有する。判別部35の詳細動作について、詳しくは後記する。   The determination unit 35 has a function of determining whether or not an acceleration / deceleration operation is performed based on an acceleration / deceleration operation time-series signal (corresponding to the “operation-related time-series signal” of the present invention). Further, the determination unit 35 has a function of determining whether or not the steering operation is performed based on the frequency analysis result by the analysis unit 33 with respect to the steering operation time-series signal (corresponding to the “operation-related time-series signal” of the present invention). Have. The detailed operation of the determination unit 35 will be described later in detail.

判定部37は、解析部33による周波数解析結果、及び、判別部35による加減速操作及び操舵操作の有無に係る判別結果に基づいて、車両12に係る運転技量を判定する機能を有する。判定部37による車両12に係る運転技量を判定する手法について、詳しくは後記する。   The determination unit 37 has a function of determining the driving skill related to the vehicle 12 based on the frequency analysis result by the analysis unit 33 and the determination result regarding the presence or absence of the acceleration / deceleration operation and the steering operation by the determination unit 35. The method for determining the driving skill related to the vehicle 12 by the determination unit 37 will be described later in detail.

制御部39は、判定部37による車両12に係る運転技量判定結果をモニタ装置21に表示させる制御を行う機能を有する。   The control unit 39 has a function of performing control for causing the monitor device 21 to display the driving skill determination result related to the vehicle 12 by the determination unit 37.

また、運転技量判定装置11は、図1Bに示すように、信号処理部として、入力部22、ローパスフィルタ23、位相補償器25、及び減算部27を備えて構成されている。   Further, as shown in FIG. 1B, the driving skill determination device 11 includes an input unit 22, a low-pass filter 23, a phase compensator 25, and a subtraction unit 27 as a signal processing unit.

入力部22は、操作関連時系列信号を入力する機能を有する。ローパスフィルタ23は、入力部22を介して入力した操作関連時系列信号に対し、予め設定される遮断周波数と比べて低い周波数成分の信号を通過させる機能を有する。ローパスフィルタ23の遮断周波数は、解析対象の周波数成分(例えば、1Hz等)と比べて低い周波数成分(0〜1Hz)の信号が通過することを考慮して設定される。位相補償器25は、ローパスフィルタ23の作用によって遅れた位相を補償する機能を有する。入力部22は、本発明の「取得部」に相当する。   The input unit 22 has a function of inputting operation-related time series signals. The low-pass filter 23 has a function of passing a signal having a frequency component lower than a preset cutoff frequency with respect to the operation-related time series signal input via the input unit 22. The cutoff frequency of the low-pass filter 23 is set in consideration of the passage of a signal having a lower frequency component (0 to 1 Hz) than the frequency component to be analyzed (for example, 1 Hz). The phase compensator 25 has a function of compensating for a phase delayed by the action of the low-pass filter 23. The input unit 22 corresponds to the “acquisition unit” of the present invention.

減算部27は、入力部22を介して入力した操作関連時系列信号と、ローパスフィルタ23を作用させた後、位相補償を行った操作関連時系列信号との差分信号を抽出し、抽出した差分信号を取得部31に送出する機能を有する。   The subtraction unit 27 extracts a difference signal between the operation-related time series signal input via the input unit 22 and the operation-related time series signal subjected to phase compensation after the low-pass filter 23 is operated, and the extracted difference It has a function of sending a signal to the acquisition unit 31.

なお、運転技量判定装置11は、図1Cに示すように、信号処理部として、入力部22、ハイパスフィルタ24、及び位相補償器25を備える構成を採用してもよい。   As shown in FIG. 1C, the driving skill determination device 11 may employ a configuration including an input unit 22, a high-pass filter 24, and a phase compensator 25 as a signal processing unit.

入力部22は、操作関連時系列信号を入力する機能を有する。ハイパスフィルタ24は、入力部22を介して入力した操作関連時系列信号に対し、予め設定される遮断周波数と比べて高い周波数成分の信号を通過させる機能を有する。ハイパスフィルタ24の遮断周波数は、解析対象の周波数成分(例えば、1Hz等)と比べて高い周波数成分(1Hz〜)の信号が通過することを考慮して設定される。位相補償器25は、ハイパスフィルタ24の作用によって遅れた位相を補償する機能を有する。   The input unit 22 has a function of inputting operation-related time series signals. The high-pass filter 24 has a function of passing a signal having a frequency component higher than a preset cutoff frequency with respect to the operation-related time-series signal input via the input unit 22. The cutoff frequency of the high-pass filter 24 is set in consideration of the passage of a signal having a higher frequency component (1 Hz to) than the frequency component to be analyzed (for example, 1 Hz). The phase compensator 25 has a function of compensating for a phase delayed by the action of the high pass filter 24.

〔第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11の動作〕
次に、本発明の第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11の動作について、図2を参照して説明する。図2は、本発明の第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11の動作説明に供する流れ図である。図2に示す例では、解析対象となる周波数成分として、1Hzが設定されているものとする。また、周波数解析の手法として、高速フーリエ変換を採用するものとする。さらに、操作関連時系列信号の標本化周波数として、例えば10Hzを採用するものとする。
[Operation of Driving Skill Determination Device 11 According to First Embodiment]
Next, operation | movement of the driving skill determination apparatus 11 which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the driving skill determination device 11 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In the example shown in FIG. 2, it is assumed that 1 Hz is set as the frequency component to be analyzed. Further, fast Fourier transform is adopted as a frequency analysis method. Further, for example, 10 Hz is adopted as the sampling frequency of the operation-related time series signal.

図2に示すステップ11において、図1Bに示すように、運転技量判定装置11の入力部22は、加減速操作時系列信号、及び操舵操作時系列信号(以下、「操作関連時系列信号」と呼ぶ場合がある。)をそれぞれ入力する。こうして入力した操作関連時系列信号に対し、運転技量判定装置11は、ローパスフィルタ23を作用させることにより、解析対象となる周波数成分(1Hz)と比べて低い周波数成分のみを通過させる。   In step 11 shown in FIG. 2, as shown in FIG. 1B, the input unit 22 of the driving skill determination device 11 performs an acceleration / deceleration operation time series signal and a steering operation time series signal (hereinafter referred to as “operation-related time series signal”). Each of which may be called.) The driving skill determination device 11 causes the low-pass filter 23 to act on the operation-related time series signal input in this manner, thereby allowing only a frequency component lower than the frequency component (1 Hz) to be analyzed to pass.

ステップ12において、図1Bに示すように、位相補償器25は、解析対象となる周波数成分(1Hz)と比べて低い周波数成分のみからなる操作関連時系列信号に対し、位相補償を施す。この位相補償により、ローパスフィルタ23を作用させることで生じた操作関連時系列信号の遅れ位相が補償される。この位相補償の後、図1Bに示す減算部27は、入力部22を介して入力した操作関連時系列信号と、位相補償後の操作関連時系列信号との差分信号(解析対象となる周波数成分に係る信号)を抽出し、抽出した差分信号を取得部31に送出する。   In step 12, as shown in FIG. 1B, the phase compensator 25 performs phase compensation on the operation-related time-series signal composed of only a frequency component lower than the frequency component (1 Hz) to be analyzed. By this phase compensation, the lag phase of the operation-related time series signal generated by applying the low pass filter 23 is compensated. After this phase compensation, the subtraction unit 27 shown in FIG. 1B outputs a difference signal (frequency component to be analyzed) between the operation related time series signal input via the input unit 22 and the operation related time series signal after phase compensation. And the extracted difference signal is sent to the acquisition unit 31.

ステップ13において、図1Aに示すように、運転技量判定装置11の取得部31は、標本化周波数(例えば10Hz)に従う周期で所定長の解析対象区間毎の操作関連時系列信号を取得する。次いで、取得部31は、取得した所定長の解析対象区間毎の操作関連時系列信号に対し、所定の窓関数(例えばハン窓など)を適用する。これにより、取得部31は、所定長の解析対象区間毎の操作関連時系列信号を取得する。   In step 13, as shown in FIG. 1A, the acquisition unit 31 of the driving skill determination device 11 acquires an operation-related time series signal for each analysis target section having a predetermined length in a cycle according to the sampling frequency (for example, 10 Hz). Next, the acquisition unit 31 applies a predetermined window function (for example, a Hann window) to the acquired operation-related time series signal for each analysis target section having a predetermined length. Thereby, the acquisition part 31 acquires the operation related time series signal for every analysis object area of predetermined length.

ステップ14において、運転技量判定装置11の解析部33は、取得部31で取得した所定長の解析対象区間毎の操作関連時系列信号に対し、周波数変換(高速フーリエ変換)を行う。これにより、振幅スペクトルデータ(図2のステップ14参照)が得られる。次いで、解析部33は、振幅スペクトルデータの中から、解析対象となる周波数成分(1Hz)に関する振幅スペクトルAS(本発明の「信号強度」に相当する。)を抽出する。   In step 14, the analysis unit 33 of the driving skill determination device 11 performs frequency conversion (fast Fourier transform) on the operation-related time series signal for each analysis target section having a predetermined length acquired by the acquisition unit 31. Thereby, amplitude spectrum data (see step 14 in FIG. 2) is obtained. Next, the analysis unit 33 extracts an amplitude spectrum AS (corresponding to “signal intensity” of the present invention) related to the frequency component (1 Hz) to be analyzed from the amplitude spectrum data.

ステップ15において、運転技量判定装置11の判定部37は、ステップ14で抽出した解析対象となる周波数成分(1Hz)に関する振幅スペクトル値AS(解析部33の解析結果)に基づいて、運転技量判定を実行する。判定部37による運転技量判定は、前記振幅スペクトル値ASと、予め設定される振幅閾値(本発明の「強度閾値」に相当する。)ASthとの大小関係を比較することで行われる。なお、振幅閾値ASthとしては、解析対象となる周波数成分(1Hz)に関する振幅スペクトル値ASを、運転技量判定の指標として用いることを考慮して、実験・シミュレーション等を通じて得た値が適宜設定される。   In step 15, the determination unit 37 of the driving skill determination device 11 performs driving skill determination based on the amplitude spectrum value AS (analysis result of the analysis unit 33) regarding the frequency component (1 Hz) to be analyzed extracted in step 14. Execute. The driving skill determination by the determination unit 37 is performed by comparing the magnitude relationship between the amplitude spectrum value AS and a preset amplitude threshold value (corresponding to the “intensity threshold value” of the present invention) ASth. As the amplitude threshold ASth, a value obtained through experiments, simulations, and the like is appropriately set in consideration of using the amplitude spectrum value AS related to the frequency component (1 Hz) to be analyzed as an index for determining driving skill. .

具体的には、判定部37は、振幅スペクトル値AS>振幅閾値ASthの関係が成立する場合に、運転技量が低いと判定する。一方、判定部37は、振幅スペクトル値AS=<振幅閾値ASthの関係が成立する場合に、運転技量が高いと判定する。
その判定根拠は以下の通りである。すなわち、車両挙動の時間変化は、車両12の運転技量と高い相関関係がある。ここで、車両挙動の時間変化が大きい操作(振幅スペクトル値AS>振幅閾値ASthの関係が成立)としては、いわゆる、カックンブレーキ(急制動)、ドッカンアクセル(急加速)、切り足し及び切り戻し操舵をあげることができる。これらは運転技量が低い運転者において頻出する操作である。
これとは逆に、運転技量が高い運転者では、一般に、車両挙動の時間変化が小さい、滑らかな加減速操作及び操舵操作(振幅スペクトル値AS=<振幅閾値ASthの関係が成立)が行われる。
Specifically, the determination unit 37 determines that the driving skill is low when the relationship of amplitude spectrum value AS> amplitude threshold value ASth is established. On the other hand, the determination unit 37 determines that the driving skill is high when the relationship of amplitude spectrum value AS = <amplitude threshold value ASth is established.
The judgment grounds are as follows. That is, the time change of the vehicle behavior has a high correlation with the driving skill of the vehicle 12. Here, as operations with large changes in vehicle behavior over time (the relationship of amplitude spectrum value AS> amplitude threshold value ASth is established), so-called cuckling brake (rapid braking), docking accelerator (rapid acceleration), addition and back steering Can give. These operations are frequently performed by a driver with a low driving skill.
On the other hand, a driver with high driving skill generally performs smooth acceleration / deceleration operation and steering operation (a relationship of amplitude spectrum value AS = <amplitude threshold value ASth is established) with small time change of vehicle behavior. .

ステップ16において、運転技量判定装置11の制御部39は、例えば図5に示すように、判定部37による車両12に係る運転技量(ブレーキ/ハンドル/アクセル/コーナー)判定結果をモニタ装置21に表示させる。図5に示す例では、運転技量(ブレーキ/ハンドル/アクセル/コーナー)は、10点満点中のスコアの値として表示されている。ただし、運転技量判定結果の表示態様としては、スコアの値に限定されない。スコアの値に代えて、又は加えて、色彩の変化を用いて運転技量判定結果を表示してもかまわない。   In step 16, the control unit 39 of the driving skill determination device 11 displays the driving skill (brake / handle / accelerator / corner) determination result related to the vehicle 12 by the determination unit 37 on the monitor device 21 as shown in FIG. 5, for example. Let In the example shown in FIG. 5, the driving skill (brake / handle / accelerator / corner) is displayed as a score value out of 10 points. However, the display mode of the driving skill determination result is not limited to the score value. Instead of or in addition to the score value, the driving skill determination result may be displayed using a change in color.

〔第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11のまとめ〕
従来の技術では、運転技量判定を行う際の基礎的情報として、挙動関連時系列信号(例えば、車両12の前後・左右加速度値)を用いていた。
しかし、車両12の前後・左右加速度値は、車両12の固有振動に係る信号を不可避的に含んでいる。このため、運転技量判定を精度良く行うには、100Hz程度を超える比較的高い標本化周波数を用いて、車両12の前後・左右加速度値の時系列データ(挙動関連時系列信号)を取得することが必要であった。
[Summary of Driving Skill Determination Device 11 According to First Embodiment]
In the prior art, behavior-related time-series signals (for example, longitudinal / lateral acceleration values of the vehicle 12) are used as basic information when performing driving skill determination.
However, the longitudinal and lateral acceleration values of the vehicle 12 inevitably include signals related to the natural vibrations of the vehicle 12. For this reason, in order to accurately determine driving skill, time series data (behavior-related time series signal) of the longitudinal and lateral acceleration values of the vehicle 12 is acquired using a relatively high sampling frequency exceeding about 100 Hz. Was necessary.

ところが、運転技量判定機能を、仮に、例えばNAVI−ECU等の主たる制御機能(NAVI−ECUの例では経路案内機能)を有する制御装置に追加する構成を採用した場合、運転技量判定機能に割り当てられる計算資源が不足し、100Hz程度の比較的高い標本化周波数を用いることが困難であった。   However, if a configuration in which the driving skill determination function is added to a control device having a main control function (eg, a route guidance function in the NAVI-ECU example) such as NAVI-ECU is assigned to the driving skill determination function. It is difficult to use a relatively high sampling frequency of about 100 Hz due to a lack of computational resources.

そこで、第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11では、運転技量判定を行う際の基礎的情報として、挙動関連時系列信号に代えて、操作関連時系列信号を用いることとした。本発明者の研究によると、運転技量判定を行う際の基礎的情報として操作関連時系列信号を用いると、10Hz程度の比較的低い標本化周波数を用いても、車両12の運転技量判定を高い精度で遂行可能であることがわかった。   Therefore, in the driving skill determination device 11 according to the first embodiment, the operation related time series signal is used instead of the behavior related time series signal as basic information when the driving skill determination is performed. According to the research of the present inventor, when the operation-related time-series signal is used as basic information when performing driving skill determination, the driving skill determination of the vehicle 12 is high even if a relatively low sampling frequency of about 10 Hz is used. It was found that it can be carried out with accuracy.

そこで、第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(1)では、アクセルペダル14(加速操作部材)、ブレーキペダル16(制動操作部材)、及びハンドル18(操舵操作部材)のうち少なくとも1つの操作部材に係る操作に関連する操作関連時系列信号を取得する取得部31と、取得部31で取得した操作関連時系列信号に対して周波数解析を行う解析部33と、操作関連時系列信号に対する解析結果に基づいて、車両12の運転技量判定を行う判定部37と、を備える構成を採用することとした。   Therefore, in the driving skill determination device 11 (1) according to the first embodiment, at least one operation of the accelerator pedal 14 (acceleration operation member), the brake pedal 16 (braking operation member), and the handle 18 (steering operation member) is operated. An acquisition unit 31 that acquires an operation-related time series signal related to an operation related to a member, an analysis unit 33 that performs frequency analysis on the operation-related time series signal acquired by the acquisition unit 31, and an analysis of the operation-related time series signal Based on the result, the determination unit 37 that determines the driving skill of the vehicle 12 is employed.

第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(1)において、取得部31は、操作関連時系列信号を取得する。解析部33は、取得部31で取得した操作関連時系列信号に対して周波数解析を行う。判定部37は、操作関連時系列信号に対する解析結果に基づいて車両の運転技量判定を行う。   In the driving skill determination device 11 (1) according to the first embodiment, the acquisition unit 31 acquires an operation-related time series signal. The analysis unit 33 performs frequency analysis on the operation-related time series signal acquired by the acquisition unit 31. The determination unit 37 determines the driving skill of the vehicle based on the analysis result for the operation-related time series signal.

第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(1)によれば、比較的低速での走行時や曲率の緩やかな曲線路を走行時であっても、車両12の運転技量判定を高い精度で遂行することができる。   According to the driving skill determination device 11 (1) according to the first embodiment, the driving skill determination of the vehicle 12 can be performed with high accuracy even when traveling at a relatively low speed or traveling on a curved road with a gentle curvature. Can be carried out.

また、第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(2)では、解析部33は、取得部31で取得した操作関連時系列信号のうち所定の周波数成分(実施形態では1Hz)に係る信号の強度を抽出する。判定部37は、抽出した所定の周波数成分に係る振幅スペクトル値AS(信号の強度)が、振幅閾値ASth(強度閾値)を超える場合に運転技量が低いと判定する一方、振幅閾値ASth(強度閾値)以下である場合に運転技量が高いと判定する。   Further, in the driving skill determination device 11 (2) according to the first embodiment, the analysis unit 33 includes a signal related to a predetermined frequency component (1 Hz in the embodiment) among the operation-related time series signals acquired by the acquisition unit 31. Extract the intensity. The determination unit 37 determines that the driving skill is low when the amplitude spectrum value AS (signal intensity) relating to the extracted predetermined frequency component exceeds the amplitude threshold ASth (intensity threshold), while the amplitude threshold ASth (intensity threshold) ) If it is below, it is determined that the driving skill is high.

ここで、操作関連時系列信号のうち所定の周波数成分の値を、いかにして設定するのか、が問題となる。これについて以下に述べる。まず、運転操作が通常の操作と比べて小刻みかつ急峻である旨の判定を下す際の指標となる周波数成分の下限閾値を設定する。周波数成分の下限閾値としては、車両の運転技量判定を行う際の解析対象となる操作関連時系列信号の選定基準となることを考慮して、実験・シミュレーション等を通じて得た値、例えば1〜3Hz程度の値(特に限定されない)が適宜設定される。こうして定めた周波数成分の下限閾値そのもの、又は下限閾値を超える適宜の値を、所定の周波数成分の値として設定すればよい。   Here, the problem is how to set the value of a predetermined frequency component in the operation-related time-series signal. This is described below. First, a lower limit threshold value of a frequency component is set that serves as an index for determining that the driving operation is smaller and steeper than a normal operation. The lower limit threshold of the frequency component is a value obtained through experiments / simulations, for example, 1 to 3 Hz, considering that it becomes a selection criterion for operation-related time series signals to be analyzed when vehicle driving skill determination is performed. A degree value (not particularly limited) is appropriately set. What is necessary is just to set the lower limit threshold itself of the frequency component determined in this way or an appropriate value exceeding the lower limit threshold as the value of the predetermined frequency component.

第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(2)によれば、判定部37は、運転技量判定装置11(1)と比べて、車両12の運転技量判定をより高い精度で遂行することができる。   According to the driving skill determination device 11 (2) according to the first embodiment, the determination unit 37 can perform the driving skill determination of the vehicle 12 with higher accuracy than the driving skill determination device 11 (1). it can.

また、第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(3)は、アクセルペダル14(加速操作部材)、ブレーキペダル16(制動操作部材)、及びハンドル18(操舵操作部材)のうち少なくとも1つの操作部材に係る操作に関連する操作関連時系列信号を取得すると共に、車両12の挙動に関連する挙動関連時系列信号を取得する取得部31と、取得部31で取得した操作関連時系列信号に対して周波数解析を行う解析部33と、操作関連時系列信号に対する解析結果解析結果、及び、挙動関連時系列信号に基づいて、車両12の運転技量判定を行う判定部37と、を備える構成を採用することとした。   The driving skill determination device 11 (3) according to the first embodiment operates at least one of an accelerator pedal 14 (acceleration operation member), a brake pedal 16 (braking operation member), and a handle 18 (steering operation member). Acquiring an operation-related time-series signal related to an operation related to a member, acquiring a behavior-related time-series signal related to the behavior of the vehicle 12, and an operation-related time-series signal acquired by the acquisition unit 31 The analysis unit 33 that performs frequency analysis and the determination unit 37 that determines the driving skill of the vehicle 12 based on the analysis result analysis result for the operation-related time-series signal and the behavior-related time-series signal are employed. It was decided to.

運転技量判定を行う際の基礎的情報として、操作関連時系列信号(実際には、操作関連時系列信号に対する周波数解析結果)を単独で用いる場合において、加減速操作量に対して車両12の挙動変化が大きく出る走行シーンが起こり得る。例えば、制動操作量を一定に保持したまま停車する走行シーン、加速操作量を一定に保持したまま急峻な加速を行う(いわゆるロケットスタート)走行シーンがそれである。こうした走行シーンでは、操作関連時系列信号と車両12の運転技量との相関が低くなる。その結果、車両12の運転技量判定を高い精度で遂行することが困難になる。   When the operation-related time-series signal (actually, the frequency analysis result for the operation-related time-series signal) is used alone as basic information for determining the driving skill, the behavior of the vehicle 12 with respect to the acceleration / deceleration operation amount There can be a driving scene where the change is significant. For example, a traveling scene where the vehicle is stopped while the braking operation amount is kept constant, and a traveling scene where the vehicle is sharply accelerated (so-called rocket start) while the acceleration operation amount is kept constant. In such a traveling scene, the correlation between the operation-related time series signal and the driving skill of the vehicle 12 is low. As a result, it becomes difficult to determine the driving skill of the vehicle 12 with high accuracy.

そこで、第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(3)では、判定部37は、操作関連時系列信号に対する解析結果、及び、挙動関連時系列信号に基づいて、車両12の運転技量を判定する構成を採用することとした。
このように構成すれば、操作関連時系列信号と車両12の運転技量との相関が低くなる走行シーンにおいて、挙動関連時系列信号に基づく運転技量判定が、運転技量判定の精度低下を抑制するように働く。
Therefore, in the driving skill determination device 11 (3) according to the first embodiment, the determination unit 37 determines the driving skill of the vehicle 12 based on the analysis result for the operation-related time series signal and the behavior-related time series signal. It was decided to adopt the configuration to do.
If comprised in this way, in the driving | running | working scene where the correlation of the operation related time series signal and the driving skill of the vehicle 12 becomes low, the driving skill determination based on the behavior related time series signal suppresses a decrease in accuracy of the driving skill determination. To work.

第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(3)によれば、操作関連時系列信号と車両12の運転技量との相関が低くなる走行シーンであっても、車両12の運転技量判定を高い精度で遂行することができる。   According to the driving skill determination device 11 (3) according to the first embodiment, the driving skill determination of the vehicle 12 is high even in a traveling scene in which the correlation between the operation-related time-series signal and the driving skill of the vehicle 12 is low. Can be carried out with accuracy.

運転技量判定を行う際の基礎的情報として、操作関連時系列信号に対する解析結果、及び挙動関連時系列信号を用いる場合に、時々刻々と変動する車両の状態を考慮して、これらの情報に基づく運転技量判定の寄与度をいかにして配分するのかが問題となる。   Based on the analysis results for operation-related time-series signals and behavior-related time-series signals as basic information for determining driving skill, taking into account the state of the vehicle that changes from moment to moment The problem is how to distribute the contribution of driving skill determination.

そこで、第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(4)では、第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(3)であって、挙動関連時系列信号は、車両12の車速を含み、判定部37は、挙動関連時系列信号のうち車両12の車速に応じて、前記解析結果、及び、前記挙動関連時系列信号に基づく運転技量判定の寄与度を変更する構成を採用することとした。   Therefore, the driving skill determination device 11 (4) according to the first embodiment is the driving skill determination device 11 (3) according to the first embodiment, and the behavior-related time series signal includes the vehicle speed of the vehicle 12, The determination unit 37 adopts a configuration in which the analysis result and the contribution of driving skill determination based on the behavior-related time series signal are changed according to the vehicle speed of the vehicle 12 in the behavior-related time series signal. .

第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(4)において、判定部37は、挙動関連時系列信号のうち車両12の車速に応じて、操作関連時系列信号に対する解析結果、及び、挙動関連時系列信号に基づく運転技量判定の寄与度を変更する。
具体的には、例えば、予め適宜設定される車速閾値(特に限定されないが、例えば時速30Km等)を超える車速領域では、判定部37は、操作関連時系列信号に対する解析結果に基づく運転技量判定を行う。また、車速閾値未満の車速領域では、判定部37は、操作関連時系列信号に対する解析結果、及び挙動関連時系列信号に基づく運転技量判定を行う。さらに、車速が実質的にゼロ付近の停車領域では、判定部37は、挙動関連時系列信号を主として用いる一方、操作関連時系列信号に対する解析結果を副次的に用いて、運転技量判定を行う。
In the driving skill determination device 11 (4) according to the first embodiment, the determination unit 37 determines the analysis result for the operation-related time-series signal and the behavior-related time according to the vehicle speed of the vehicle 12 among the behavior-related time-series signals. The contribution of driving skill determination based on the series signal is changed.
Specifically, for example, in a vehicle speed region that exceeds a preset vehicle speed threshold value (not particularly limited, for example, 30 km / h, for example), the determination unit 37 performs driving skill determination based on an analysis result with respect to the operation-related time series signal. Do. In the vehicle speed region below the vehicle speed threshold, the determination unit 37 performs driving skill determination based on the analysis result for the operation-related time series signal and the behavior-related time series signal. Further, in the stop area where the vehicle speed is substantially near zero, the determination unit 37 mainly uses the behavior-related time series signal, and secondarily uses the analysis result for the operation-related time series signal to perform driving skill determination. .

第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(4)によれば、車速の高低にかかわらず、車両12の運転技量判定を高い精度で遂行することができる。   According to the driving skill determination device 11 (4) according to the first embodiment, the driving skill determination of the vehicle 12 can be performed with high accuracy regardless of the vehicle speed.

また、第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(5)は、第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(4)であって、判定部37は、車速が実質的に停車領域にある場合、挙動関連時系列信号に基づく運転技量判定の寄与度を、操作関連時系列信号に対する解析結果に基づく運転技量判定の寄与度に比べて上げるように変更する構成を採用することとした。   In addition, the driving skill determination device 11 (5) according to the first embodiment is the driving skill determination device 11 (4) according to the first embodiment, and the determination unit 37 has a vehicle speed substantially in the stop area. In this case, a configuration is adopted in which the degree of contribution of the driving skill determination based on the behavior related time series signal is changed to be higher than the contribution of the driving skill determination based on the analysis result with respect to the operation related time series signal.

第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(5)によれば、車速が実質的に停車領域にある場合であっても、車両の運転技量判定を高い精度で遂行することができる。   According to the driving skill determination device 11 (5) according to the first embodiment, the driving skill determination of the vehicle can be performed with high accuracy even when the vehicle speed is substantially in the stop area.

また、第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(6)は、第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(3)であって、挙動関連時系列信号は、車両12の加減速操作量を含み、判定部37は、加減速操作量の時間変化が所定の閾値を超える場合、挙動関連時系列信号に基づく運転技量判定の寄与度を、操作関連時系列信号に対する解析結果に基づく運転技量判定の寄与度に比べて上げるように変更する構成を採用することとした。
これは、加減速操作量の時間変化が所定の閾値を超える場合には、挙動関連時系列信号に基づく運転技量判定結果の方が、操作関連時系列信号に対する解析結果に基づく運転技量判定結果と比べて、より精度が高いことに基づく。
The driving skill determination device 11 (6) according to the first embodiment is the driving skill determination device 11 (3) according to the first embodiment, and the behavior-related time series signal is an acceleration / deceleration operation amount of the vehicle 12. And when the time change of the acceleration / deceleration operation amount exceeds a predetermined threshold, the determination unit 37 determines the contribution of driving skill determination based on the behavior related time series signal based on the analysis result of the operation related time series signal. It was decided to adopt a configuration that is changed so as to increase compared to the contribution of the determination.
This is because, when the time change of the acceleration / deceleration operation amount exceeds a predetermined threshold, the driving skill determination result based on the behavior-related time series signal is the driving skill determination result based on the analysis result for the operation-related time series signal. Compared to higher accuracy.

第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(6)によれば、加減速操作量の時間変化が所定の閾値を超えるか否かにかかわらず、車両12の運転技量判定を高い精度で遂行することができる。   According to the driving skill determination device 11 (6) according to the first embodiment, the driving skill determination of the vehicle 12 is performed with high accuracy regardless of whether the time change of the acceleration / deceleration operation amount exceeds a predetermined threshold. be able to.

また、第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(7)は、第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(1)又は(3)であって、操作関連時系列信号は、車両12の車速に応じて補正される構成を採用することとした。
これは、運転操作の緩急に係る経時変化情報を含む操作関連時系列信号の強度と、実際の車両の挙動との対応関係は、車速の変化に応じて変動する場合があることに基づく。
具体的には、例えば、加速操作に関連する操作関連時系列信号では、高速領域における加速操作量に対する実車速の増加割合は、低速領域における前記と同じ加速操作量に対する実車速の増加割合と比べて減少する。このため、高速領域における加速操作量に対する実車速の増加割合を上げるように、加速操作信号の強度を補正する。
また、操舵操作に関連する操作関連時系列信号では、高速領域における操舵操作量に対する実操舵角の増加割合は、低速領域における前記と同じ操舵操作量に対する実操舵角の増加割合と比べて減少する。このため、高速領域における加速操作量に対する実操舵角の増加割合を上げるように(ただし、必要に応じて下げてもよい)、加速操作信号の強度を補正する。
The driving skill determination device 11 (7) according to the first embodiment is the driving skill determination device 11 (1) or (3) according to the first embodiment, and the operation-related time-series signal is The configuration corrected according to the vehicle speed was adopted.
This is based on the fact that the correspondence relationship between the intensity of the operation-related time series signal including time-dependent change information related to the speed of driving operation and the actual behavior of the vehicle may fluctuate depending on the change in the vehicle speed.
Specifically, for example, in the operation-related time series signal related to the acceleration operation, the increase rate of the actual vehicle speed with respect to the acceleration operation amount in the high speed region is compared with the increase rate of the actual vehicle speed with respect to the same acceleration operation amount in the low speed region. Decrease. For this reason, the strength of the acceleration operation signal is corrected so as to increase the increase rate of the actual vehicle speed with respect to the acceleration operation amount in the high speed region.
Further, in the operation-related time series signal related to the steering operation, the increase rate of the actual steering angle with respect to the steering operation amount in the high speed region decreases compared to the increase rate of the actual steering angle with respect to the same steering operation amount in the low speed region. . For this reason, the intensity of the acceleration operation signal is corrected so as to increase the rate of increase of the actual steering angle with respect to the acceleration operation amount in the high-speed region (however, it may be decreased as necessary).

第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(7)によれば、車速の高低にかかわらず、車両12の運転技量判定を高い精度で遂行することができる。   According to the driving skill determination device 11 (7) according to the first embodiment, the driving skill determination of the vehicle 12 can be performed with high accuracy regardless of the vehicle speed.

〔第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11の変形例について〕
次に、第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11の変形例について説明する。
本発明者の研究によると、運転技量判定の基礎的情報として操作関連時系列信号を用いた際に、同信号のうち車両の挙動に相関する(解析対象として相応しい)周波数成分は、およそ1〜3Hz程度であることがわかった。また、本発明者は、解析対象として相応しい周波数成分と比べて低い周波数成分は、周波数解析結果の精度に悪い影響を与えることを突き止めた。さらに、操作関連時系列信号に対する解析対象区間の時間長を適切に設定すれば、精度の高い解析結果(車両の運転技量判定)を獲得可能ではないか、との発想を得た。
[Variation of Driving Skill Determination Device 11 According to First Embodiment]
Next, a modified example of the driving skill determination device 11 according to the first embodiment will be described.
According to the inventor's research, when an operation-related time-series signal is used as basic information for driving skill determination, the frequency component correlated with the behavior of the vehicle (suitable for analysis) among the signals is approximately 1 to 1. It was found to be about 3 Hz. In addition, the present inventor has found that a frequency component that is lower than a frequency component suitable as an analysis target adversely affects the accuracy of the frequency analysis result. Furthermore, the idea that a highly accurate analysis result (vehicle driving skill determination) can be obtained by appropriately setting the time length of the analysis target section with respect to the operation-related time-series signal was obtained.

そこで、第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11の変形例(1−1)では、解析部33は、取得部31で取得した操作関連時系列信号に対し、ローパスフィルタを作用させた後、位相補償を行い、取得部31で取得した操作関連時系列信号と、位相補償後の操作関連時系列信号との差分信号を抽出し、当該抽出された差分信号に対して周波数解析を行う構成を採用することとした。
ここで、取得部31で取得した操作関連時系列信号と、位相補償後の操作関連時系列信号との差分信号とは、ローパスフィルタの作用によって比較的低い周波数成分(実施形態では1Hz未満)が除去された周波数成分(実施形態では1Hz以上)に係る信号である。
Therefore, in the modification (1-1) of the driving skill determination device 11 according to the first embodiment, the analysis unit 33 applies a low-pass filter to the operation-related time series signal acquired by the acquisition unit 31, A configuration that performs phase compensation, extracts a difference signal between the operation-related time-series signal acquired by the acquisition unit 31 and the operation-related time-series signal after phase compensation, and performs frequency analysis on the extracted difference signal I decided to adopt it.
Here, the difference signal between the operation-related time-series signal acquired by the acquisition unit 31 and the operation-related time-series signal after phase compensation has a relatively low frequency component (less than 1 Hz in the embodiment) due to the action of the low-pass filter. It is a signal related to the removed frequency component (1 Hz or more in the embodiment).

第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11の変形例(1−1)によれば、比較的低速での走行時や曲率の緩やかな曲線路を走行時であっても、車両の運転技量判定を高い精度で遂行することができる。
しかも、第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11の変形例(1−1)によれば、操作関連時系列信号のうち周波数解析結果の精度に悪い影響を与える比較的低い周波数成分をローパスフィルタ等を用いて除去すると共に位相補償を行い、位相補償後の信号に対して周波数解析を行うため、車両12の運転技量判定を高い精度で遂行する効果を期待することができる。
According to the modified example (1-1) of the driving skill determination device 11 according to the first embodiment, even when the vehicle is traveling at a relatively low speed or traveling on a curved road having a gentle curvature, the driving skill determination of the vehicle is performed. Can be carried out with high accuracy.
Moreover, according to the modified example (1-1) of the driving skill determination device 11 according to the first embodiment, a relatively low frequency component that adversely affects the accuracy of the frequency analysis result among the operation-related time series signals is low-pass filtered. Etc., phase compensation is performed, and frequency analysis is performed on the signal after phase compensation. Therefore, it is possible to expect an effect of performing the driving skill determination of the vehicle 12 with high accuracy.

また、第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11の変形例(1−2)は、変形例(1−1)であって、ローパスフィルタ23(図1B参照)の遮断周波数は、解析対象の周波数成分と比べて低い周波数成分の信号が通過することを考慮して設定される構成を採用することとした。   Moreover, the modification (1-2) of the driving skill determination device 11 according to the first embodiment is the modification (1-1), and the cutoff frequency of the low-pass filter 23 (see FIG. 1B) is the analysis target. The configuration is set in consideration of the passage of a signal having a frequency component lower than that of the frequency component.

第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11の変形例(1−2)によれば、ローパスフィルタ23の遮断周波数は、解析対象の周波数成分と比べて低い周波数成分の信号が通過することを考慮して設定されるため、変形例(1−1)と比べて、車両12の運転技量判定をより高い精度で遂行する効果を期待することができる。   According to the modification (1-2) of the driving skill determination device 11 according to the first embodiment, it is considered that the cutoff frequency of the low-pass filter 23 passes a signal having a frequency component lower than the frequency component to be analyzed. Therefore, the effect of performing the driving skill determination of the vehicle 12 with higher accuracy can be expected as compared with the modified example (1-1).

また、第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11の変形例(1−3)は、変形例(1−1)又は(1−2)であって、解析部33は、前記抽出された差分信号のうち、解析対象の周波数成分に係る振幅値(信号の強度)を抽出する。判定部27は、解析対象の周波数成分に係る振幅値(信号の強度)が、所定の振幅閾値(強度閾値)を超える場合に運転技量が低いと判定する。一方、判定部27は、振幅閾値(強度閾値)以下である場合に運転技量が高いと判定する。   Moreover, the modification (1-3) of the driving skill determination device 11 according to the first embodiment is the modification (1-1) or (1-2), and the analysis unit 33 performs the extracted difference. From the signal, an amplitude value (signal intensity) related to the frequency component to be analyzed is extracted. The determination unit 27 determines that the driving skill is low when the amplitude value (signal strength) related to the frequency component to be analyzed exceeds a predetermined amplitude threshold value (strength threshold value). On the other hand, the determination unit 27 determines that the driving skill is high when the amplitude is equal to or less than the amplitude threshold (intensity threshold).

第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11の変形例(1−3)によれば、変形例(1−1)又は(1−2)と同様に、車両12の運転技量判定を高い精度で遂行することができる。   According to the modification (1-3) of the driving skill determination device 11 according to the first embodiment, the driving skill determination of the vehicle 12 can be performed with high accuracy as in the modification (1-1) or (1-2). Can be carried out.

運転技量判定を行う際の基礎的情報として、操作関連時系列信号に対する周波数解析の結果を用いる場合に、いかなる態様の解析手段を用いるか、が問題となる。また、周波数解析として、仮にフーリエ変換を用いた場合に、フーリエ変換における解析対象区間の時間長を、いかにして設定するのか、が問題となる。   When using the result of the frequency analysis for the operation-related time-series signal as basic information when performing the driving skill determination, what kind of analysis means to use becomes a problem. In addition, when Fourier transform is used as frequency analysis, how to set the time length of the analysis target section in Fourier transform becomes a problem.

そこで、第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11の変形例(1−4)では、変形例(1−1)又は(1−2)であって、周波数解析はフーリエ変換を用いて行われ、フーリエ変換における解析対象区間の時間長は、解析対象の周波数成分に係る信号を1周期以上含み、かつ無信号区間が短くなることを考慮して設定されている構成を採用することとした。   Therefore, in the modification (1-4) of the driving skill determination device 11 according to the first embodiment, the modification (1-1) or (1-2) is performed, and the frequency analysis is performed using Fourier transform. In the Fourier transform, the time length of the analysis target section is determined in consideration of the fact that the signal related to the frequency component to be analyzed is included in one period or more and the no-signal section is shortened.

第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11の変形例(1−4)によれば、解析結果の精度向上が実現される結果として、変形例(1−1)又は(1−2)と比べて、車両12の運転技量判定を一層高い精度で遂行することができる。   According to the modification (1-4) of the driving skill determination device 11 according to the first embodiment, as a result of realizing the improvement in accuracy of the analysis result, compared with the modification (1-1) or (1-2). Thus, the driving skill determination of the vehicle 12 can be performed with higher accuracy.

また、第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11の変形例(1−5)では、解析部33は、取得部31で取得した操作関連時系列信号に対し、ハイパスフィルタ24(図1C参照)を作用させた後、位相補償を行い、当該位相補償後の信号に対して周波数解析を行う構成を採用している。   Moreover, in the modification (1-5) of the driving skill determination apparatus 11 according to the first embodiment, the analysis unit 33 performs the high-pass filter 24 on the operation-related time series signal acquired by the acquisition unit 31 (see FIG. 1C). Is applied, phase compensation is performed, and a frequency analysis is performed on the signal after the phase compensation.

第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11の変形例(1−1)と、同変形例(1−5)とは、変形例(1−1)では、操作関連時系列信号に対しローパスフィルタ23を作用させるのに対し、変形例(1−5)では、操作関連時系列信号に対しハイフィルタ24を作用させる点が主として相違している。
ただし、変形例(1−1)と、変形例(1−5)とは、周波数解析結果の精度向上を狙って、解析対象として相応しい周波数成分と比べて低い周波数成分を除去する構成を採用している点が共通している。
The modification (1-1) and the modification (1-5) of the driving skill determination device 11 according to the first embodiment are a low-pass filter for the operation-related time series signal in the modification (1-1). However, the modification (1-5) is mainly different in that the high filter 24 is applied to the operation-related time-series signal.
However, the modified example (1-1) and modified example (1-5) adopt a configuration in which a frequency component lower than a frequency component suitable for analysis is removed with the aim of improving the accuracy of the frequency analysis result. Are common.

第1実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11の変形例(1−5)によれば、操作関連時系列信号のうち周波数解析結果の精度に悪い影響を与える比較的低い周波数成分をハイパスフィルタ24等を用いて除去すると共に位相補償を行い、位相補償後の信号に対して周波数解析を行うため、変形例(1−1)と同様に、車両12の運転技量判定を高い精度で遂行する効果を期待することができる。   According to the modification (1-5) of the driving skill determination device 11 according to the first embodiment, a relatively low frequency component that adversely affects the accuracy of the frequency analysis result among the operation-related time-series signals is displayed as the high-pass filter 24 or the like. Since the phase compensation is performed and the frequency analysis is performed on the signal after the phase compensation, similarly to the modified example (1-1), the driving skill determination of the vehicle 12 can be performed with high accuracy. You can expect.

〔第2実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11の動作〕
次に、第2実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11の動作について、図3を参照して説明する。図3は、本発明の第2実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11の動作説明に供する流れ図である。図3に示す例では、図2の例と同様に、解析対象となる周波数成分として、1Hzが設定されている。また、周波数解析の手法として、高速フーリエ変換が採用されている。さらに、加減速操作時系列信号の標本化周波数として、図2の例と同様に、10Hzが採用されている。
[Operation of Driving Skill Determination Device 11 According to Second Embodiment]
Next, operation | movement of the driving skill determination apparatus 11 which concerns on 2nd Embodiment is demonstrated with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the driving skill determination device 11 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the example shown in FIG. 3, 1 Hz is set as the frequency component to be analyzed, as in the example of FIG. Further, fast Fourier transform is adopted as a frequency analysis technique. Further, 10 Hz is adopted as the sampling frequency of the acceleration / deceleration operation time-series signal as in the example of FIG.

図3に示すステップ21において、運転技量判定装置11の取得部31は、図2に示すステップ13と同様の手順を用いて、所定長の解析対象区間毎の加減速操作時系列信号を取得する。   In step 21 illustrated in FIG. 3, the acquisition unit 31 of the driving skill determination device 11 acquires an acceleration / deceleration operation time series signal for each analysis target section having a predetermined length, using the same procedure as in step 13 illustrated in FIG. 2. .

ステップ22において、運転技量判定装置11の判別部35は、取得部31で取得した所定長の解析対象区間毎の加減速操作時系列信号に基づいて、加減速操作に係る有無を判別する。判別部35は、解析対象区間に含まれる複数の加減速操作量毎に、個々の加減速操作量が、所定の操作量閾値を超えているか否かに応じて、加減速操作に係る有無の判別を行う。具体的には、判別部35は、加減速操作量が、所定の操作量閾値を超えている場合に、加減速操作が有る旨の判別を行う。また、判別部35は、加減速操作量が、所定の操作量閾値以下の場合に、加減速操作が無い旨の判別を行う。なお、所定の操作量閾値としては、加減速操作が無いとみなせる操作量の値を適宜設定すればよい。   In step 22, the determination unit 35 of the driving skill determination device 11 determines the presence / absence of the acceleration / deceleration operation based on the acceleration / deceleration operation time series signal for each analysis target section having a predetermined length acquired by the acquisition unit 31. For each of a plurality of acceleration / deceleration operation amounts included in the analysis target section, the determination unit 35 determines whether each acceleration / deceleration operation amount is related to the acceleration / deceleration operation according to whether or not the individual acceleration / deceleration operation amount exceeds a predetermined operation amount threshold. Make a decision. Specifically, the determination unit 35 determines that there is an acceleration / deceleration operation when the acceleration / deceleration operation amount exceeds a predetermined operation amount threshold. The determination unit 35 determines that there is no acceleration / deceleration operation when the acceleration / deceleration operation amount is equal to or less than a predetermined operation amount threshold. In addition, what is necessary is just to set suitably the value of the operation amount which can be considered that there is no acceleration / deceleration operation as a predetermined operation amount threshold value.

ステップ23において、運転技量判定装置11の判定部37は、ステップ22の、解析対象区間に含まれる複数の加減速操作有無に係る判別結果を参照して、同解析対象区間に関する加減速操作の有無を判定する。具体的には、判定部37は、同解析対象区間に関する加減速操作有りの割合が所定の閾値を超えた場合に、同解析対象区間に関し加減速操作有りの判定を下す。
ステップS23の判定の結果、同解析対象区間に関し加減速操作が無い旨の判定が下された場合、運転技量判定装置11は、一連の処理の流れを終了させる。一方、ステップS23の判定の結果、同解析対象区間に関し加減速操作が有る旨の判定が下された場合、運転技量判定装置11は、処理の流れを次のステップS24へと進ませる。
In step 23, the determination unit 37 of the driving skill determination device 11 refers to the determination result related to the presence / absence of a plurality of acceleration / deceleration operations included in the analysis target section in step 22, and indicates whether there is an acceleration / deceleration operation related to the analysis target section. Determine. Specifically, the determination unit 37 determines that the acceleration / deceleration operation is performed for the analysis target section when the ratio of the acceleration / deceleration operation regarding the analysis target section exceeds a predetermined threshold.
As a result of the determination in step S23, when it is determined that there is no acceleration / deceleration operation with respect to the analysis target section, the driving skill determination device 11 ends the flow of a series of processes. On the other hand, as a result of the determination in step S23, when it is determined that there is an acceleration / deceleration operation for the analysis target section, the driving skill determination device 11 advances the process flow to the next step S24.

ステップ24において、運転技量判定装置11の解析部33は、図2に示すステップS14と同様の手順を用いて、取得部31で取得した所定長の解析対象区間毎の加減速操作時系列信号に対し、周波数変換(高速フーリエ変換)を行う。これにより、図3のステップ24に示すような振幅スペクトルデータが得られる。次いで、解析部33は、振幅スペクトルデータの中から、解析対象となる周波数成分(1Hz)に関する振幅スペクトルAS−1Hzを抽出する。
なお、ステップ24における周波数変換(高速フーリエ変換)は、解析対象区間毎の加減速操作時系列信号のうち、加減速操作有りと判別された加減速操作データを抽出し、抽出した加減速操作データに対して行う構成を採用してもよい。
In step 24, the analysis unit 33 of the driving skill determination device 11 uses the same procedure as in step S <b> 14 shown in FIG. 2, to the acceleration / deceleration operation time series signal for each predetermined analysis target section acquired by the acquisition unit 31. On the other hand, frequency transformation (fast Fourier transformation) is performed. Thereby, amplitude spectrum data as shown in step 24 of FIG. 3 is obtained. Next, the analysis unit 33 extracts the amplitude spectrum AS-1 Hz related to the frequency component (1 Hz) to be analyzed from the amplitude spectrum data.
In the frequency conversion (fast Fourier transform) in step 24, the acceleration / deceleration operation data determined as having an acceleration / deceleration operation is extracted from the acceleration / deceleration operation time series signal for each analysis target section, and the extracted acceleration / deceleration operation data is extracted. You may employ | adopt the structure performed with respect to.

ステップ25において、運転技量判定装置11の判定部37は、図2に示すステップS15と同様の手順を用いて、ステップ24で抽出した解析対象となる周波数成分(1Hz)に関する振幅スペクトル値AS−1Hz(解析部33の解析結果)に基づいて、運転技量判定を実行する。また、判定部37は、ステップ23の同解析対象区間に関し加減速操作が有る旨の判定結果に基づいて、運転技量判定判定結果の有効性(運転技量判定判定結果が有効である)についての判定を行う。   In step 25, the determination unit 37 of the driving skill determination device 11 uses the same procedure as in step S15 shown in FIG. 2, and the amplitude spectrum value AS-1 Hz related to the frequency component (1 Hz) to be analyzed extracted in step 24. Based on (analysis result of the analysis part 33), driving skill determination is performed. In addition, the determination unit 37 determines the validity of the driving skill determination determination result (the driving skill determination determination result is valid) based on the determination result indicating that the acceleration / deceleration operation is performed in the analysis target section in Step 23. I do.

ステップ26において、運転技量判定装置11の制御部39は、図2に示すステップS16と同様の手順を用いて、例えば図5に示すように、判定部37による車両12に係る運転技量(ブレーキ/ハンドル/アクセル/コーナー)判定結果をモニタ装置21に表示させる。   In step 26, the control unit 39 of the driving skill determination device 11 uses the same procedure as in step S16 shown in FIG. 2, for example, as shown in FIG. (Handle / accel / corner) determination result is displayed on the monitor device 21.

なお、図3に示す流れ図において、ステップS21の前に、図2に示すステップS11〜S12の処理を挿入してもよい。   In the flowchart shown in FIG. 3, the processing of steps S11 to S12 shown in FIG. 2 may be inserted before step S21.

〔第2実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11のまとめ〕
本発明者の研究によると、操作関連時系列信号に対して周波数解析を行うと、操作関連時系列信号のうち何らの操作も生じていない無信号区間(運転技量判定を行う際の基礎的情報として適切でない)に対しても、何らかの操作が生じている信号区間と同様の周波数解析が行われる。かかるケースにおいて、解析対象区間に対する無信号区間の占有時間が比較的長くなると、何らかの操作が生じている信号区間での解析対象となる周波数成分に係る信号の強度が相対的に小さくなってしまう。その結果、運転技量を本来のそれよりも高く判定してしまい、運転技量判定の精度向上を損なうおそれがあった。
[Summary of Driving Skill Determination Device 11 According to Second Embodiment]
According to the inventor's research, when frequency analysis is performed on an operation-related time-series signal, no operation of the operation-related time-series signal is generated (basic information when performing driving skill determination). Is not appropriate), the same frequency analysis as the signal section in which some operation occurs is performed. In such a case, if the occupation time of the non-signal section with respect to the analysis target section becomes relatively long, the intensity of the signal related to the frequency component to be analyzed in the signal section where some operation occurs is relatively small. As a result, the driving skill is determined to be higher than the original one, which may impair the improvement of the driving skill determination.

そこで、第2実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(2−1)では、判別部35は、取得部31で取得した操作関連時系列信号に基づいて、少なくとも1つの操作部材に係る操作が行われているか否かに関する操作有無を判別する。判定部37は、操作関連時系列信号に対する解析結果に基づいて、車両12の運転技量判定を行うと共に、判別部35による操作有無に係る判別結果に基づいて運転技量判定の結果が有効か否かの判定を行う。
例えば、操作関連時系列信号のうち何らの操作も生じていない無信号区間では、運転技量判定の結果が無効と判定される。その結果、無信号区間に起因する周波数解析の精度(運転技量判定の精度)低下が抑制される。
Therefore, in the driving skill determination device 11 (2-1) according to the second embodiment, the determination unit 35 performs an operation related to at least one operation member based on the operation-related time series signal acquired by the acquisition unit 31. It is determined whether or not there is an operation related to whether or not The determination unit 37 determines the driving skill of the vehicle 12 based on the analysis result with respect to the operation-related time series signal, and determines whether the result of the driving skill determination is valid based on the determination result related to the presence / absence of the operation by the determination unit 35. Judgment is made.
For example, it is determined that the result of the driving skill determination is invalid in a no-signal section where no operation occurs in the operation-related time series signal. As a result, a decrease in accuracy of frequency analysis (accuracy of driving skill determination) due to the no-signal section is suppressed.

第2実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(2−1)によれば、比較的低速での走行時や曲率の緩やかな曲線路を走行時であっても、車両12の運転技量判定を高い精度で遂行することができる。
しかも、第2実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(2−1)によれば、判定部37は、判別部35による操作有無に係る判別結果に基づいて運転技量判定の結果が有効か否かの判定を行う。このため、操作の生じていない無信号区間での、比較的精度の低い運転技量判定の結果が無効化される。その結果、車両12の運転技量判定を高い精度で遂行する効果を期待することができる。
According to the driving skill determination device 11 (2-1) according to the second embodiment, the driving skill determination of the vehicle 12 is high even when traveling at a relatively low speed or traveling on a curved road with a gentle curvature. Can be carried out with accuracy.
Moreover, according to the driving skill determination device 11 (2-1) according to the second embodiment, the determination unit 37 determines whether or not the result of the driving skill determination is valid based on the determination result related to the presence or absence of the operation by the determination unit 35. Judgment is made. For this reason, the result of the driving skill determination with relatively low accuracy in the no-signal section where no operation occurs is invalidated. As a result, the effect of performing the driving skill determination of the vehicle 12 with high accuracy can be expected.

第2実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(2−2)では、加減速操作に関連する操作関連時系列信号を取得した場合の、運転技量判定装置11の構成について規定している。この場合、加減速操作の量が大きくなると、操作関連時系列信号の振幅(強度)も大きくなる。この振幅値(信号強度)が、例えば所定の振幅閾値(強度閾値)を超える場合に、加速操作又は減速操作有りの判別が行われる。   In the driving skill determination device 11 (2-2) according to the second embodiment, the configuration of the driving skill determination device 11 when an operation-related time series signal related to the acceleration / deceleration operation is acquired is defined. In this case, as the amount of acceleration / deceleration operation increases, the amplitude (intensity) of the operation-related time series signal also increases. For example, when the amplitude value (signal intensity) exceeds a predetermined amplitude threshold value (intensity threshold value), it is determined whether there is an acceleration operation or a deceleration operation.

すなわち、第2実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(2−2)では、取得部31は、加減速操作に関連する操作関連時系列信号を取得する。判別部35は、所定時間長の解析対象区間に存する操作関連時系列信号に基づいて、加速操作又は制動操作が行われているか否かに関する操作有無に係る判別を当該解析対象区間毎に行う。解析部33は、解析対象区間に存する操作関連時系列信号に対して周波数解析を行う。判定部37は、解析対象区間毎の解析結果に基づいて、車両12の運転技量判定を行うと共に、解析対象区間毎の判別結果に基づいて運転技量判定の結果が有効か否かの判定を行う。   That is, in the driving skill determination device 11 (2-2) according to the second embodiment, the acquisition unit 31 acquires an operation-related time series signal related to the acceleration / deceleration operation. Based on the operation-related time-series signal existing in the analysis target section having a predetermined time length, the determination unit 35 performs a determination regarding whether or not an acceleration operation or a braking operation is performed for each analysis target section. The analysis unit 33 performs frequency analysis on the operation-related time series signal existing in the analysis target section. The determination unit 37 determines the driving skill of the vehicle 12 based on the analysis result for each analysis target section, and determines whether the result of the driving skill determination is valid based on the determination result for each analysis target section. .

ここで、所定時間長の解析対象区間について説明する。操作関連時系列信号に対して、例えばフーリエ変換のような周波数解析を行う際には、処理単位として、所定時間長の解析対象区間が設定される。この解析対象区間の時間長としては、解析対象の周波数成分に係る信号を1周期以上含み、かつ無信号区間が短くなることを考慮して、実験・シミュレーション等を通じて得た値を適宜設定すればよい。   Here, the analysis target section having a predetermined time length will be described. When performing frequency analysis such as Fourier transform on an operation-related time series signal, an analysis target section having a predetermined time length is set as a processing unit. As a time length of the analysis target section, a value obtained through an experiment / simulation or the like is appropriately set in consideration of including a signal related to the frequency component to be analyzed for one period or more and a non-signal section being shortened. Good.

第2実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(2−2)によれば、加速操作又は制動操作の有無を適確に判別し、操作無しの判別が行われた際の運転技量判定の結果を無効化するため、第2実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(2−1)と比べて、車両12の運転技量判定を高い精度で遂行する効果を期待することができる。   According to the driving skill determination device 11 (2-2) according to the second embodiment, the presence or absence of the acceleration operation or the braking operation is accurately determined, and the result of the driving skill determination when the determination of no operation is performed is performed. In order to invalidate, compared with the driving skill determination apparatus 11 (2-1) which concerns on 2nd Embodiment, the effect of performing the driving skill determination of the vehicle 12 with high precision can be expected.

〔第3実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11の動作〕
次に、第3実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11の動作について、図4を参照して説明する。図4は、本発明の第3実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11の動作説明に供する流れ図である。図4に示す例では、図2の例と同様に、解析対象となる周波数成分として、1Hzが設定されている。また、周波数解析の手法として、高速フーリエ変換が採用されている。さらに、加減速操作時系列信号の標本化周波数として、図2の例と同様に、10Hzが採用されている。
[Operation of Driving Skill Determination Device 11 According to Third Embodiment]
Next, operation | movement of the driving skill determination apparatus 11 which concerns on 3rd Embodiment is demonstrated with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the driving skill determination device 11 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In the example shown in FIG. 4, 1 Hz is set as a frequency component to be analyzed, as in the example of FIG. Further, fast Fourier transform is adopted as a frequency analysis technique. Further, 10 Hz is adopted as the sampling frequency of the acceleration / deceleration operation time-series signal as in the example of FIG.

図4に示すステップ31において、運転技量判定装置11の取得部31は、図2に示すステップ13と同様の手順を用いて、所定長の解析対象区間毎の操舵操作時系列信号を取得する。   In step 31 shown in FIG. 4, the acquisition unit 31 of the driving skill determination device 11 acquires a steering operation time series signal for each analysis target section having a predetermined length, using the same procedure as in step 13 shown in FIG. 2.

ステップ32において、運転技量判定装置11の解析部33は、図2に示すステップS14と同様の手順を用いて、取得部31で取得した所定長の解析対象区間毎の操舵操作時系列信号に対し、周波数変換(高速フーリエ変換)を行う。これにより、図4のステップ32に示すような振幅スペクトルデータが得られる。次いで、解析部33は、振幅スペクトルデータの中から、操舵操作有無に係る解析対象となる周波数成分(0Hz:中立位置を表す定常周波数成分)に関する振幅スペクトルAS−0Hzを抽出する。また、解析部33は、振幅スペクトルデータの中から、運転技量判定に係る解析対象となる周波数成分(1Hz)に関する振幅スペクトルAS−1Hzを抽出する。   In step 32, the analysis unit 33 of the driving skill determination device 11 uses the same procedure as in step S <b> 14 shown in FIG. 2 for the steering operation time series signal for each predetermined analysis target section acquired by the acquisition unit 31. , Frequency transformation (fast Fourier transformation) is performed. Thereby, amplitude spectrum data as shown in step 32 of FIG. 4 is obtained. Next, the analysis unit 33 extracts, from the amplitude spectrum data, an amplitude spectrum AS-0 Hz related to a frequency component (0 Hz: a steady frequency component representing a neutral position) to be analyzed related to the presence or absence of a steering operation. Moreover, the analysis part 33 extracts the amplitude spectrum AS-1Hz regarding the frequency component (1 Hz) used as the analysis object which concerns on driving skill determination from amplitude spectrum data.

ステップ33において、運転技量判定装置11の判別部35は、ステップS32で抽出された、操舵操作有無に係る解析対象となる周波数成分(0Hz)に関する振幅スペクトルAS−0Hzに基づいて、操舵操作有無を判別する。具体的には、判別部35は、振幅スペクトルAS−0Hzが、所定の振幅閾値を超えている場合に、操舵操作が有る旨の判別を行う。一方、判別部35は、振幅スペクトルAS−0Hzが、所定の振幅閾値以下の場合に、操舵操作が無い旨の判別を行う。   In step 33, the determination unit 35 of the driving skill determination device 11 determines whether or not the steering operation is performed based on the amplitude spectrum AS-0Hz related to the frequency component (0 Hz) to be analyzed related to the presence or absence of the steering operation extracted in step S32. Determine. Specifically, the determination unit 35 determines that there is a steering operation when the amplitude spectrum AS-0 Hz exceeds a predetermined amplitude threshold value. On the other hand, the determination unit 35 determines that there is no steering operation when the amplitude spectrum AS-0 Hz is equal to or less than a predetermined amplitude threshold value.

ステップ34において、運転技量判定装置11の判定部37は、ステップ33の操舵操作有無の判別結果に応じて、操舵操作の有無を判定する。ステップS34の判定の結果、操舵操作が無い旨の判定が下された場合、運転技量判定装置11は、一連の処理の流れを終了させる。一方、ステップS34の判定の結果、操舵操作が有る旨の判定が下された場合、運転技量判定装置11は、処理の流れを次のステップS35へと進ませる。   In step 34, the determination unit 37 of the driving skill determination device 11 determines the presence or absence of the steering operation according to the determination result of the presence or absence of the steering operation in step 33. As a result of the determination in step S34, when it is determined that there is no steering operation, the driving skill determination device 11 ends the flow of a series of processes. On the other hand, as a result of the determination in step S34, when it is determined that there is a steering operation, the driving skill determination device 11 advances the process flow to the next step S35.

ステップ35において、運転技量判定装置11の判定部37は、図2に示すステップS15と同様の手順を用いて、ステップS32で抽出された、運転技量判定に係る解析対象となる周波数成分(1Hz)に関する振幅スペクトルAS−1Hz(解析部33の解析結果)に基づいて、運転技量判定を実行する。また、判定部37は、ステップ34の操舵操作が有る旨の判定結果に基づいて、運転技量判定判定結果の有効性(運転技量判定判定結果が有効である)についての判定を行う。   In step 35, the determination unit 37 of the driving skill determination device 11 uses the same procedure as in step S <b> 15 shown in FIG. 2, and the frequency component (1 Hz) to be analyzed for driving skill determination extracted in step S <b> 32. The driving skill determination is executed based on the amplitude spectrum AS-1 Hz (analysis result of the analysis unit 33). Further, the determination unit 37 determines the validity of the driving skill determination determination result (the driving skill determination determination result is valid) based on the determination result that the steering operation is performed in step 34.

ステップ36において、運転技量判定装置11の制御部39は、図2に示すステップS16と同様の手順を用いて、例えば図5に示すように、判定部37による車両12に係る運転技量(ブレーキ/ハンドル/アクセル/コーナー)判定結果をモニタ装置21に表示させる。   In step 36, the control unit 39 of the driving skill determination device 11 uses the same procedure as in step S16 shown in FIG. 2, for example, as shown in FIG. (Handle / accel / corner) determination result is displayed on the monitor device 21.

〔第3実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11のまとめ〕
第3実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(3−1)では、ハンドル18(操舵操作部材)に係る操舵操作時系列信号を取得した場合の、運転技量判定装置の構成について規定している。
本発明者の研究によると、操舵操作は、加減速操作と比べて、その操作の有無を適確に判別することが難しい。これは、車両12が直進走行している場合でも、ハンドル18の中立位置を挟んだ操舵操作が間断なく行われているからである。
[Summary of Driving Skill Determination Device 11 According to Third Embodiment]
In the driving skill determination device 11 (3-1) according to the third embodiment, the configuration of the driving skill determination device when the steering operation time series signal related to the handle 18 (steering operation member) is acquired is defined.
According to the inventor's research, it is difficult to accurately determine the presence or absence of the steering operation compared to the acceleration / deceleration operation. This is because even when the vehicle 12 is traveling straight ahead, the steering operation with the neutral position of the steering wheel 18 sandwiched is performed without interruption.

そこで、第3実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(3−1)では、取得部31は、ハンドル18の操作に関する操舵操作時系列信号を取得する。判別部35は、解析部33による周波数解析後の信号のうち、ハンドル18が実質的に所定位置に保持されている際の前記操作関連時系列信号に関する周波数成分(0Hz)に係る振幅(信号の強度)が、所定の振幅閾値(強度閾値)以下である場合に操舵操作が無い旨の判別を行う一方、振幅閾値(強度閾値)を超える場合に操舵操作が有る旨の判別を行う。   Therefore, in the driving skill determination device 11 (3-1) according to the third embodiment, the acquisition unit 31 acquires a steering operation time series signal related to the operation of the handle 18. The discriminating unit 35 includes an amplitude (signal signal) related to a frequency component (0 Hz) related to the operation-related time-series signal when the handle 18 is substantially held at a predetermined position, among the signals after the frequency analysis by the analyzing unit 33. When the intensity is equal to or less than a predetermined amplitude threshold (intensity threshold), it is determined that there is no steering operation. On the other hand, when it exceeds the amplitude threshold (intensity threshold), it is determined that there is a steering operation.

第3実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(3−1)によれば、操舵操作の有無を適確に判別し、操作無しの判別が行われた際の運転技量判定の結果を無効化するため、第2実施形態に係る運転技量判定装置11(2−1)と比べて、車両12の運転技量判定を高い精度で遂行する効果を期待することができる。   According to the driving skill determination device 11 (3-1) according to the third embodiment, the presence / absence of the steering operation is accurately determined, and the result of the driving skill determination when the determination of no operation is performed is invalidated. Therefore, compared with the driving skill determination device 11 (2-1) according to the second embodiment, an effect of performing the driving skill determination of the vehicle 12 with high accuracy can be expected.

〔その他の実施形態〕
以上説明した実施形態は、本発明の具現化の例を示したものである。従って、これらによって本発明の技術的範囲が限定的に解釈されることがあってはならない。本発明はその要旨又はその主要な特徴から逸脱することなく、様々な形態で実施することができるからである。
[Other Embodiments]
The embodiments described above show examples of realization of the present invention. Therefore, the technical scope of the present invention should not be limitedly interpreted by these. This is because the present invention can be implemented in various forms without departing from the gist or main features thereof.

例えば、本発明の実施形態に係る説明において、周波数成分の下限閾値として、例えば1〜3Hz程度の値を適宜設定する例をあげて説明したが、本発明はこの例に限定されない。こうした設定例はあくまで目安であって、運転技量判定機能を実現可能であれば、いかなる値を設定してもよい。
実際には、周波数成分の下限閾値として適切な値は、車速に応じて変動する傾向がある。そこで、周波数成分の下限閾値(又は所定の周波数成分の値)を、車速に応じて可変設定する構成を採用してもよい。この場合において、車速に応じて可変設定される周波数成分の下限閾値は、車両の運転技量判定を行う際の解析対象となる操作関連時系列信号の選定基準となることを考慮して、実験・シミュレーション等を通じて得た適宜の値を設定すればよい。
For example, in the description according to the embodiment of the present invention, an example in which a value of, for example, about 1 to 3 Hz is appropriately set as the lower limit threshold of the frequency component has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this example. These setting examples are only a guide, and any value may be set as long as the driving skill determination function can be realized.
Actually, an appropriate value as the lower limit threshold of the frequency component tends to vary depending on the vehicle speed. Therefore, a configuration may be adopted in which the lower limit threshold (or the value of a predetermined frequency component) of the frequency component is variably set according to the vehicle speed. In this case, considering that the lower limit threshold of the frequency component variably set according to the vehicle speed is a selection criterion for the operation-related time series signal to be analyzed when the vehicle driving skill determination is performed, An appropriate value obtained through simulation or the like may be set.

また、本発明の実施形態に係る説明において、デジタル信号処理技術を用いて実時間で運転技量判定を行う運転技量判定装置11の構成例をあげて説明したが、本発明はこの例に限定されない。かかる構成例はあくまで目安であって、運転技量判定機能を実現可能であれば、本発明の技術的範囲の射程に含まれる前提で、いかなる構成(例えば、アナログ・デジタルを問わない信号処理技術を用いて非実時間で運転技量判定を行う構成を含む)を採用してもよい。   In the description of the embodiment of the present invention, the configuration example of the driving skill determination device 11 that performs the driving skill determination in real time using the digital signal processing technique has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this example. . This configuration example is merely a guideline, and any configuration (for example, signal processing technology regardless of analog or digital) may be used as long as the driving skill determination function can be realized, provided that it is included in the scope of the technical scope of the present invention. And a configuration in which driving skill determination is performed in non-real time).

また、本発明の実施形態に係る説明において、本発明に係る車両として、運転者による手動操作により操縦される手動操縦に係る車両を例示して説明したが、本発明はこの例に限定されない。本発明に係る車両として、運転者による手動操作の一部又は全部が省略された自動操縦に係る車両に対し、本発明に係る運転技量判定装置11を適用してもかまわない。   Moreover, in the description which concerns on embodiment of this invention, although the vehicle which concerns on the manual operation steered by the driver | operator's manual operation was illustrated and demonstrated as a vehicle which concerns on this invention, this invention is not limited to this example. As the vehicle according to the present invention, the driving skill determination device 11 according to the present invention may be applied to a vehicle related to automatic steering in which part or all of the manual operation by the driver is omitted.

また、本発明の実施形態に係る説明において、車両に対し、本発明に係る運転技量判定装置11を搭載する例をあげて説明したが、本発明はこの例に限定されない。本発明に係る運転技量判定装置11を車両とは離れた車室外の監視装置に設け、車両に搭載される通信装置と車室外の監視装置の間で所要のデータ交換を行うことにより、車両、車室外の監視装置において、運転技量判定装置11の機能を享受してもかまわない。   Moreover, in the description which concerns on embodiment of this invention, although the example which mounts the driving skill determination apparatus 11 which concerns on this invention with respect to the vehicle was given and demonstrated, this invention is not limited to this example. By providing the driving skill determination device 11 according to the present invention in a monitoring device outside the vehicle compartment away from the vehicle and exchanging required data between the communication device mounted on the vehicle and the monitoring device outside the vehicle cabin, The monitoring device outside the passenger compartment may enjoy the function of the driving skill determination device 11.

また、本発明の実施形態に係る説明において、フーリエ変換における解析対象区間の時間長は、解析対象の周波数成分に係る信号を1周期以上含み、かつ無信号区間が短くなることを考慮して設定する例をあげて説明したが、本発明はこの例に限定されない。フーリエ変換における解析対象区間の時間長を、ハンドル18の操舵角又は操舵速度に応じて、可変に設定する構成を採用してもかまわない。   In the description according to the embodiment of the present invention, the time length of the analysis target section in the Fourier transform is set in consideration of including one or more periods of the signal related to the frequency component to be analyzed and the non-signal section shortening. However, the present invention is not limited to this example. You may employ | adopt the structure which sets the time length of the analysis object area in a Fourier transform variably according to the steering angle or steering speed of the handle | steering-wheel 18. FIG.

また、本発明の実施形態に係る説明において、周波数解析の手法として高速フーリエ変換を用いる例をあげて説明したが、本発明はこの例に限定されない。周波数解析の手法として、操作関連時系列信号に対し、不図示のバンドパスフィルタを作用させた信号の二乗平均平方根の値を、運転技量判定に係る基準値として用いてもかまわない。この場合、同基準値が相対的に大きい際に運転技量が低いと判定する一方、同基準値が相対的に小さい際に運転技量が高いと判定すればよい。   In the description according to the embodiment of the present invention, the example using the fast Fourier transform as the frequency analysis method has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this example. As a method of frequency analysis, a root mean square value of a signal obtained by applying a bandpass filter (not shown) to an operation-related time series signal may be used as a reference value for driving skill determination. In this case, when the reference value is relatively large, it is determined that the driving skill is low, while when the reference value is relatively small, it may be determined that the driving skill is high.

また、本発明の実施形態に係る説明において、解析対象となる周波数成分と比べて低い周波数成分を除去するために、入力部22を介して入力した操作関連時系列信号に対し、予め設定される遮断周波数と比べて低い周波数成分の信号を通過させるローパスフィルタ23を採用する例をあげて説明したが、本発明はこの例に限定されない。入力部22を介して入力した操作関連時系列信号の移動平均を算出し、この移動平均値を操作関連時系列信号として取り扱うことにより、解析対象となる周波数成分と比べて低い周波数成分を除去する構成を採用してもかまわない。   Further, in the description according to the embodiment of the present invention, the operation-related time series signal input via the input unit 22 is set in advance in order to remove a frequency component lower than the frequency component to be analyzed. Although an example in which the low-pass filter 23 that passes a signal having a frequency component lower than the cutoff frequency is used has been described, the present invention is not limited to this example. A moving average of the operation-related time series signal input via the input unit 22 is calculated, and this moving average value is handled as the operation-related time series signal, thereby removing frequency components lower than the frequency component to be analyzed. The configuration may be adopted.

11 運転技量判定装置
12 車両
14 アクセルペダル(加速操作部材)
16 ブレーキペダル(制動操作部材)
18 ハンドル(操舵操作部材)
31 取得部
33 解析部
35 判別部
37 判定部
11 Driving skill determination device 12 Vehicle 14 Accelerator pedal (acceleration operation member)
16 Brake pedal (braking operation member)
18 Handle (steering member)
31 Acquisition Unit 33 Analysis Unit 35 Discrimination Unit 37 Determination Unit

Claims (5)

道路を走行する車両の運転技量を判定する運転技量判定装置であって、
加速操作部材、制動操作部材、及び操舵操作部材のうち少なくとも1つの操作部材に係る操作に関連する操作関連時系列信号を取得する取得部と、
前記取得部で取得した操作関連時系列信号に対して周波数解析を行う解析部と、
前記操作関連時系列信号に対する解析結果に基づいて、前記車両の運転技量判定を行う判定部と、を備え、
前記解析部は、前記取得部で取得した操作関連時系列信号に対し、ローパスフィルタを作用させた後、位相補償を行い、前記操作関連時系列信号と、前記位相補償後の操作関連時系列信号との差分信号を抽出し、当該抽出された差分信号に対して周波数解析を行う
ことを特徴とする運転技量判定装置。
A driving skill determination device for determining a driving skill of a vehicle traveling on a road,
An acquisition unit that acquires an operation-related time-series signal related to an operation related to at least one operation member among an acceleration operation member, a braking operation member, and a steering operation member;
An analysis unit for performing frequency analysis on the operation-related time series signal acquired by the acquisition unit;
A determination unit that determines a driving skill of the vehicle based on an analysis result with respect to the operation-related time-series signal,
The analysis unit applies a low-pass filter to the operation-related time series signal acquired by the acquisition unit, performs phase compensation, and the operation-related time series signal and the operation-related time series signal after the phase compensation And a frequency analysis is performed on the extracted difference signal. A driving skill determination device.
請求項1に記載の運転技量判定装置であって、
前記ローパスフィルタの遮断周波数は、解析対象の周波数成分と比べて低い周波数成分の信号が通過することを考慮して設定される
ことを特徴とする運転技量判定装置。
The driving skill determination device according to claim 1,
The cut-off frequency of the low-pass filter is set in consideration of the passage of a signal having a frequency component lower than the frequency component to be analyzed.
請求項1又は2に記載の運転技量判定装置であって、
前記解析部は、前記抽出された差分信号のうち、前記解析対象の周波数成分に係る信号の強度を抽出し、
前記判定部は、前記解析対象の周波数成分に係る信号の強度が、所定の強度閾値を超える場合に運転技量が低いと判定する一方、前記強度閾値以下である場合に運転技量が高いと判定する
ことを特徴とする運転技量判定装置。
The driving skill determination device according to claim 1 or 2,
The analysis unit extracts the intensity of a signal related to the frequency component to be analyzed from the extracted difference signal,
The determination unit determines that the driving skill is low when the intensity of the signal related to the frequency component to be analyzed exceeds a predetermined intensity threshold, and determines that the driving skill is high when the intensity is equal to or less than the intensity threshold. A driving skill determination device characterized by that.
請求項1又は2に記載の運転技量判定装置であって、
前記周波数解析はフーリエ変換を用いて行われ、
前記フーリエ変換における解析対象区間の時間長は、解析対象の周波数成分に係る信号を1周期以上含み、かつ無信号区間が短くなることを考慮して設定されている
ことを特徴とする運転技量判定装置。
The driving skill determination device according to claim 1 or 2,
The frequency analysis is performed using Fourier transform,
The time length of the analysis target section in the Fourier transform is set in consideration of the fact that the signal related to the frequency component to be analyzed includes one or more cycles and the no-signal section is shortened. apparatus.
道路を走行する車両の運転技量を判定する運転技量判定装置であって、
加速操作部材、制動操作部材、及び操舵操作部材のうち少なくとも1つの操作部材に係る操作に関連する操作関連時系列信号を取得する取得部と、
前記取得部で取得した操作関連時系列信号に対して周波数解析を行う解析部と、
前記操作関連時系列信号に対する解析結果に基づいて、前記車両の運転技量判定を行う判定部と、を備え、
前記解析部は、前記取得部で取得した操作関連時系列信号に対し、ハイパスフィルタを作用させた後、位相補償を行い、当該位相補償後の信号に対して周波数解析を行う
ことを特徴とする運転技量判定装置。
A driving skill determination device for determining a driving skill of a vehicle traveling on a road,
An acquisition unit that acquires an operation-related time-series signal related to an operation related to at least one operation member among an acceleration operation member, a braking operation member, and a steering operation member;
An analysis unit for performing frequency analysis on the operation-related time series signal acquired by the acquisition unit;
A determination unit that determines a driving skill of the vehicle based on an analysis result with respect to the operation-related time-series signal,
The analysis unit applies a high-pass filter to the operation-related time series signal acquired by the acquisition unit, performs phase compensation, and performs frequency analysis on the phase-compensated signal. Driving skill determination device.
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