JP6522055B2 - Load-bearing face of timber structure and load-bearing surface of wooden frame construction method using it - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a load-bearing surface material and a load-bearing surface structure used in a wooden frame construction method , and in particular, a load-bearing surface material formed using a wooden shaft similar to a wooden shaft (column or stud) which is a structural shaft component. , The bearing surface structure using this.

In the construction of the bearing surface of the wooden frame construction method , in particular, in the case of construction of a bearing wall, columns are erected and fixed at a predetermined interval on the foundation, and braces are attached between the columns to secure the bearing strength of the wall. And it is common to adopt the construction method which attaches facing materials, such as plywood and siding, after filling a heat insulation material and a soundproofing material between these pillars.

  In recent years, as an alternative to this, various constructions have been disclosed in which structural facings are attached between columns and bracing and insulation filling are omitted to simplify the construction method and shorten the construction period.

  In the patent document 1 (name of invention "wooden construction") which becomes the example, while making the slot and the ridge which formed in the side a plurality of square bars of the same angle size as a pillar, these square bars are A metal wire rod (bolt) penetrated in the lateral direction is tightened with a metal nut to form a panel, and the load-bearing surface structure of the wooden building attached between the pillars is in a standing state (vertical direction) It was disclosed.

  In addition, as a prior art regarding the bearing surface material which functions as a bearing surface structure or bearing wall, patent document 2 (name of invention "surface material bearing wall panel in wooden frame construction method"), and patent document 3 (name of invention " Architectural panels and architectural structures using them are disclosed.

  The disclosed invention of Patent Document 2 bonds and joins the butt of small square wood of 80 mm or more and 200 mm or less machine-dried to a moisture content of 15% or less to form a long square wood of 1000 mm or more and 1200 mm or less in length. The side faces of the small-angle bars are adhered to each other with an adhesive to form a face material load-bearing wall panel having a width of 900 mm or more and 1200 mm or less.

  In the disclosed invention of Patent Document 3, in the construction panel, the anti-deformation material is disposed across the grooves of the cored rod members arranged in twos, and several rods are arranged by repeating this arrangement, The arranged bars are penetrated by a bar connector and connected in a panel shape. In the grooves of the two bars, a gap preventing material is also straddled.

JP 2007-146388 A Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2003-306993 JP 2004-263398 A

  However, the panel of the invention disclosed by patent document 1 did not fully satisfy the wall resistance which met building standard as a load-bearing face material (or load-bearing wall). That is, when a force is repeatedly applied in the bolt through hole direction (bolt axis direction) (for example, when an upper lateral force such as an evaluation test of a load-bearing wall is applied), the bolt and nut are metal and thus the panel side This is because there is a difference in strength from that of the lumber of lumber, so that dents may occur in the bearing surface on the lumber side, and the fastening state of the bolt and the nut may be loosened. This loosening would be expanded if not properly tightened, which in turn made it difficult to maintain the strength as a load bearing surface material. In addition, in the case of fastening using a bolt and a nut, stress relaxation and creep occur over a long period of time, and a decrease in fastening force has been a problem.

  Further, in the face material load-bearing wall panel of Patent Document 2, a plurality of small square bars are joined with an adhesive to a predetermined length to form a long small square, and a plurality of side faces of the long squares are joined to each other. The For this reason, a large amount of adhesive and a bonding process are required when forming a flat-plate material, a long-small square material, and a long-small square material to a face material bearing wall panel, and mass production efficiency is extremely poor. In addition, the environment using a large amount of adhesive material is not only expensive from the viewpoint of environmental protection, but it is also impossible to deny the occurrence of health damage such as house sick syndrome.

  Even in the construction panel of Patent Document 3, it is assumed that the fastening state is loosened by denting in the wood-side seat surface, unlike the panel of Patent Document 1 in that it is a fastening structure of bolts and nuts. It was a thing. Similarly, the decrease in fastening power due to long-term aging was also a problem.

Therefore, the present invention has been invented in view of the above situation, and not only the strength is improved while having a simple structure, but also the reduction in yield strength due to long-term aging is avoided, and the widths of a plurality of face materials are promptly dealt with. It is possible to provide a bearing material that can be Furthermore, it provides a load-bearing surface structure of the wooden framework method constructed using this.

  The load-bearing face material (hereinafter referred to as "the present face material") of the wooden shaft material construction according to the present invention is characterized by the following constitution.

That is, it is a load-bearing surface material in which a plurality of three or more pieces of prismatic wood shaft members having the same cross-sectional shape are erected on a base and brought into side contact with each other to be flush with each other. One or two of two or more plural wood screws having a length that can penetrate one or two of the wood shaft members in the same direction side. Screws are screwed into the wooden stems of this book at appropriate intervals, and each screwing point has approximately the same length as a wood screw length screwed into the point, and a small diameter straight pilot hole Are characterized in that they are pre-opened. The wood screw may be changed to a wood male screw.

Further, the screwing direction of the wood screw is characterized by adopting a direction perpendicular to the lengthwise direction of the wood shaft, an oblique direction, or a combination thereof.

The side contact of the above-mentioned prismatic timber is characterized by the matching of the concave or convex formed on the side. The concave and convex lines may be formed over part or the entire side surface.

In addition, the abutting fit of the concavo-convex streaks may be formed by concave streaks adapted to chamfering of a square column wood shaft material. Specifically, one of the prismatic wood shaft member chamfered forming the entire side and convex shape, the other fit side is intended to mold the entire side surface of the concave conforming to the chamfer.

Next, the load-bearing surface structure (hereinafter referred to as "the present structure") of the wooden frame construction method using this face material is such that the load-bearing surface material of the above configuration is attached between the timber members of the wooden construction method. It is characterized by being a bearing wall . Here, as a shaft assembly material of the wooden frame construction method, for example, a through pillar, a stud, a base, a girder, a girder, etc. are shown, and they are attached and fixed to the shaft assembly made of these . In that case, if a wooden shaft material is made to stand vertically on a foundation and attached and fixed between columns or studs of a wooden frame, it becomes a bearing surface structure which constitutes a bearing wall. In addition, the part to which the load bearing surface material is attached is a load bearing surface structure that forms a floor surface if it is a base or a large pull, and a load bearing surface structure that forms a ceiling surface if it is a girder or a beam.

Further, the cross-sectional shape of the square pillar- shaped wood shaft material constituting the face material may be the same cross-sectional shape as the wood shaft of the shaft assembly material of the part to be fixed . In this case, there is no uneven surface between the face material and the shaft assembly, and the appearance can be secured and, at the same time, the safety is improved because there is no excessive catching.

By adopting the above construction, the face material can enhance the connection state of the wood shaft by the plurality of wood screws screwed and fastened so as to extend between the plurality of prismatic wood shafts. In this face material, even if a predetermined external force is repeatedly applied, the wood screws arranged at a plurality of locations are individually bonded to the adjacent prismatic wood shaft members, so the yield strength of the face material decreases. There is no cause for it. In addition, since stress relaxation and creep caused by the action of long-term aging are the same as for each wood screw and their directionality is different, it is possible to stably maintain the proof stress as a facing material. .

In addition, when the screw direction of wood screws is combined not only in the perpendicular direction but also in the oblique direction, the external force acting on the surface material can be appropriately dispersed in the screw direction of the wood screws. You can build more robustly.

Furthermore, since the side contact of the prismatic wood shaft is adapted to the concave or convex line, the positional deviation due to the wood shaft contact or the screw fastening of the wood screw is suppressed, and the surface of the face material is It is possible to form a load-bearing surface material of uniform quality.

Next, since this structure using this face material is constructed using the same wooden shaft as that of the wooden shaft that constitutes the shaft member of the wooden frame construction method , it is possible to create bracing, heat insulation, sound insulation and heat retention. Materials can be omitted,
Since construction can be performed only by carpenter work without separate work such as filling work, work efficiency and construction period can be shortened. In particular, with regard to interior construction, since the surface of wood appears on the surface, this can be used as the interior finish as it is, which also contributes to material reduction, construction period shortening, and cost reduction.

In addition, when a load-bearing surface material is formed using a square column wood shaft with the same cross-sectional shape (same dimension angle) as the wood shaft that makes up the shaft assembly, work on the interior surface of the wall surface, floor surface or ceiling surface is required. It can be omitted. As a result, not only the cost of the construction can be reduced, but also the appearance of the interior and exterior can be improved.

Furthermore, in the present invention, since the wooden shaft members constituting the main surface material are erected in the vertical direction in the wall surface construction, the resistance to the lateral movement, which is greatly affected by the earthquake, can be further enhanced. As a construction method, it is possible to construct a bearing wall with further improved strength. The improvement of the strength of the bearing walls can reduce the number of bearing walls, thereby increasing the degree of freedom in design. For example, it becomes possible to provide a large opening in a house. In addition, since no adhesive is used, there is no fear of house sick syndrome and it is friendly to the living environment.

It is a partially cutaway perspective view which shows the outline | summary of this structure using this face material based on a present Example. They are the perspective view (A) which shows the wooden shaft which comprises this surface material which concerns on a present Example, and the perspective view (B) which shows the side contact state of a wooden shaft. It is a partially cutaway perspective view which shows the screw-in condition of the screw for wood at the time of comprising this face material which concerns on a present Example. It is explanatory drawing which shows the formation method of this face material which concerns on a present Example. While using this face material which concerns on a present Example for a bearing wall, it is a front view which shows the structural example of the evaluation test. While using this face material which concerns on a present Example for a bearing wall, it is a front view which shows the structural example of the evaluation test.

  Hereinafter, the present embodiment according to the present invention and the best embodiment of the present structure using the same will be described in detail based on the drawings.

The reference numeral 1 in FIG. 1 shows the present structure in which the present surface material 2 is used as a load-bearing wall surface (hereinafter, abbreviated as “wall surface”) . In this structure 1, two pillars 93 are erected at a predetermined separation distance on a base 92 placed on the upper surface of a foundation 91, and arranged so as to straddle the girder 94 in the upper part between the pillars A shaft assembly 9 of a construction method is formed, and the face material 2 is fixed in the shaft assembly.

In addition, this face material 2 is not limited to the wall surface as in the embodiment, and may be configured as a floor surface or a ceiling surface in addition to the wall surface depending on the frame member 9 of the wooden frame construction method to be attached good.

Here, the face member 2 is attached between the shaft members as described above, and is fixed to the base 92, the girder 94, and the pillar 93 using a plurality of two types of dedicated fixing screws 6a and 6b. There is. A long fixing screw 6b is used for a pillar, and this is screwed into a wood scene of the main panel 2 through a pillar 93 from the horizontal direction and screwed . A short fixing screw 6a is used for the base, and a part of the tip is pierced obliquely from the face material 2 and screwed to the base 92 for fastening . Also for the girder, a short fixing screw 6a is used, which is pierced obliquely from the girder 94 and a part of the tip is screwed into the face material 2 for fastening . The fixing screws 6a and 6b are long wood screws similar to wood screws 5a described later. Moreover, it is good also as engagement of a limp and a limp hole (this illustration abbreviation | omission) of this surface material 2 and the base 92, and a junction part.

Next, the details of the facing material 2 will be described. The face material 2 is composed of three, three, three,... Of a plurality of prismatic wood shaft members having the same cross-sectional shape and the same length (hereinafter, abbreviated as “wood shaft members ”) .

  This wood shaft member 3 forms a convex stripe 31 over the entire length on one side of the opposing side surface, and forms a concave stripe 32 on the other opposing surface side. The ridges 31 are formed by chamfering both ridges on the longitudinal side to form ridges 31 as a whole, and the ridges 32 are entirely cut except for both ends of the ridges so as to fit the ridges 31. It has a shape.

The face material 2 joins the side surfaces of the plurality of wooden members 3 having the above-described configuration, and is arranged side by side so as to form a planar shape. At the time of this side contact, the concave 32 and the convex 31 formed on the side are fitted. Then, a wood screw 5a having a length that spans at least two wood shafts 3 is screwed into a plurality of locations with respect to the wood shafts 3 arranged side by side, and the wood screws 5a and the respective wood shafts 3 are It is integrated and united.

Here, the screw portion 51 of the wood screw 5a of the present embodiment is deeply connected to the plurality of wood shaft members 3 over the entire length thereof.

The height position of the wood shaft 3 to which this wood screw 5a is screwed is approximately at the center of the height dimension of the side surface, while the screwing direction is a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the wood shaft 3 It is combined. Further, the length of the wood screw 5a is set to a total of two types of dimensions across the three wooden stems 3 in addition to the length across the two wooden stems 3 as described above. Here, the length of the wood bis 3 spans a wood screw 5a for a short length of wood, and the length of three wood stem 3 extends a long wood bis 5b , To use.

A plurality of wood screws 5a in the surface material 2, 5b threaded fastening aspect, the direction of the group screwing the direction perpendicular to the center, the direction of the group screwing the oblique direction toward the center on both sides, screwed a perpendicular direction to the outside You are going to be a group of directions.

And this main surface material 2 of the said structure is attached between the pillars 93 in the state which stood upright on the base 92 so that the wooden shaft member 3 might become a vertical direction, and the present structure 1 is constructed | assembled. In the attachment to the shaft assembly 9, as described above, a plurality of fixing screws 6b are screwed in a direction perpendicular to the main surface material 2 from the outside of the pillar 93 in the lateral direction, and the lower surface is the main surface material. a plurality of fixing screws 6a and screwed fastened in an oblique direction from the 2 on the base 92, the upper is screwed fastened a plurality of fixing screws 6a in an oblique direction toward the spar 94 to the face plate 2.

  Moreover, about the pillar 93 located in the right and left of this face material 2, in order to strengthen a contact state with the wood shaft 3 and to not produce a clearance, it is a concave compatible with the wood shaft 3 adjacent in the length direction. A strip or ridge is formed only on one side.

Formation of this face material 2 of the above-mentioned composition is performed as follows.
First, the two wooden shaft members 3 are arranged side by side so that the concave streaks 32 and the convex streaks 31 match each other. After the parallel arrangement, the wood shaft member 3 is fixed, and the pilot hole 4 is opened in a direction perpendicular to the length direction from the side surface of the ridge. The opening position of the pilot hole 4 is substantially at the center of the height dimension of the side surface of the wood shaft member 3 and secures a predetermined interval in the length direction. Moreover, regarding the hole depth of the pilot hole 4, it is set as the length which straddles at least 2 wooden shaft members 3. As shown in FIG. In this case, two wooden shafts 3 may be penetrated, or a part of the lower holes 4 may be opened in an oblique direction (not shown).

After opening the pilot hole 4, a wood screw 5a slightly larger in diameter than the pilot hole diameter is screwed into each pilot hole position. The wood screw 5a is screw portion 51 is firmly bound with the wood shaft member 3 by the screwing engagement. The length of the wood screw 5a is approximately equal to the depth of the pilot hole.

Next, a new wooden shaft member 3 is disposed on the convex line side of the two integrated wooden shaft members 3 and 3, and the convex member of the wooden shaft member 3 is obtained by integrating the new grooves 31 of the wooden shaft member 3. Fit to the side 31 and bring the sides into contact. In this state, the plurality of pilot holes 4 are opened at a position different from the position where the wood screw 5a is screwed . After the opening of the predetermined number of pilot holes 4 is completed, the wood screw 5a is screwed into the pilot holes 4. The depth of a portion of the preliminary hole may be appropriately set so as to straddle three wooden members 3. The wood screw 5b to be screwed into this is naturally set long.

After screwing in the necessary wood screws 5a and 5b, the addition of a new wood shaft 3, the opening 4 in the lower hole 4 to a position not interfering with the wood screws 5a and 5b after screwing The screwing of the appropriate wood screws 5a and 5b is repeated to complete the formation of the facing material 2 composed of a predetermined number of wood shafts 3.

With respect to the present face material 2 of the above-described example, the wood shaft members 3 were erected in the longitudinal direction, and the load-bearing walls 7 and 8 were constructed in which the screwing fastening mode of the wood screws 5a and 5b was changed. And when a "bearing wall and its magnification performance evaluation test" were done in bearing walls 7 and 8, a good result is acquired.

  In addition, about the details of "bearing wall and its magnification performance evaluation test", examination, evaluation procedure manual / http://www.jtccm.or.jp/Portals/0/resources/ of wooden bearing wall and the magnification. library / jtccm / seino / siryo / houhousho / jikugumikabe.pdf, or wooden load-bearing wall and its magnification / performance test / evaluation procedure / http://www.cbl.or.jp/standard/kseino/11/file/ Since the document conforms to "01. pdf" etc., the detailed description in the present specification is omitted.

  First, the load-bearing wall 7 shown in FIG. 5 is composed of eight wooden stems of 105 mm long and 2515 mm long, and this is a framework 9 comprising a predetermined base 91, a base 92, a column 93, and a girder 94. It is attached to two length fixing screws 6a and 6b.

The dimensions of the wood screws 5a and 5b to be screwed into the face material 2 are a diameter of 6.5 mm, a short length of 200 mm, and a long length of 260 mm. As a position to screw in, there are six short wood screws 5a and 29 long wood screws 5b for integration between wood shafts, which are perpendicular to the length direction of wood shafts 3 And the combination of the diagonal direction. And as a wall magnification of this bearing wall 7, the result of 3.08 was obtained.

In addition, about fixation to the shaft assembly material 9, although the diameter is the same as the screw 5a for woods, the fixing screw 6a whose overall length is shorter than this and the screw 5b for longer wood are the same in both diameter and overall length. Two types of fixing screws 6b are used. The fixing to the base 92 and the girder 94 is performed with 16 short fixing screws 6a, and the fixing to the column 93 is performed with 16 long fixing screws 6b. A part of the longer fixing screw 6b is screwed in an oblique direction.

Next, about the bearing wall 8 shown in FIG. 6, the point which is the structure of the same eight wooden shaft members 3 as the above, and the framework member 9 of attachment object are made the same. On the other hand, for the integration of the inter-tack 3, a total of 49 screws in which all short wood screws 5 a are screwed in a perpendicular direction are used. As for the attachment to pillars 93, is performed longer fixing screws 6b total of 16 were screwed fastened to the perpendicular direction. As a wall magnification of this bearing wall 8, the result of 2.18 was obtained.

Reference Signs List 1 structure 2 flat panel 3 wooden shaft 31 convex line 32 concave line 4 pilot hole 5 a wood screw (short)
5b wood screw (long)
51 Screw 6a fixing screw (short)
6b Fixed screw (long)
7 load bearing wall 8 load bearing wall 9 shaft assembly 91 foundation 92 base 93 pillar 94 girder

Claims (7)

A load-bearing face material in which a plurality of three or more pieces of prismatic wood shaft members having the same cross-sectional shape are erected on a base and brought into side contact with each other to be flush and fixed.
A plurality of two or more wood screws having a length capable of penetrating one or two of the wood shaft members in the fixed and integrated manner abutted in the same direction on each of the wood shaft members 1 toward this or two trees shaft material, and made by screwing fastening with an appropriate interval,
A load-bearing face material of wooden shaft construction characterized in that a straight preliminary hole of a length and a small diameter which is approximately the same length and small diameter as a wood screw screwed into the above-mentioned screwing point is formed in each of the above screwed points. . The screwing direction of the wood screw is
2. A load-bearing face material according to claim 1, wherein the direction is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the wood shaft, oblique direction, or a combination thereof. The side contact of square timber axis material,
The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the matching of the concave or convex formed on the side surface.
Load-bearing face material of the wood shaft composition described. A load-bearing surface structure of a wooden frame construction method characterized in that the load-bearing face material of the wooden shaft construction according to claim 1, 2 or 3 is attached between the frame members of the wooden frame construction method to make a load-bearing wall surface. . The cross-sectional shape of the square column wood shaft material that makes up the load bearing surface material is
The load-bearing surface structure of the wooden framework method according to claim 4, which has the same cross-sectional shape as that of a column or a stud of a shaft member at a portion where the load-bearing surface member is attached and fixed. The part where the load bearing surface is attached is
The load-bearing surface structure of the wooden framework method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that it is a wall surface. In the case of constructing the bearing surface structure of claim 4 as a bearing wall,
A load-bearing surface structure of a wooden framework construction characterized in that a square column-shaped timber constituting the load-bearing surface is vertically installed on a foundation in a vertical direction and is fixed between columns or studs of a wooden framework.

Images