JP6491063B2 - Wooden wall and its construction method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to, for example, a wooden wall in which a plate material is disposed between a pair of columns without using a metal joint between the column and the plate material, and a construction method thereof.

  Conventionally, it has been proposed to construct a plate wall by combining plate materials (see Patent Document 1). In this patent document 1, a board | plate material is arrange | positioned up and down between a pair of pillars, and the both ends of each board | plate material are joined to both of a pair of pillars via the square dowel. Specifically, a square dowel hole is provided in the column, and a notch is provided at both ends of the plate material, and the square dowel material is fitted into the notch portion of the plate material and the square dowel hole of the column so that the plate material is paired. Fit between the pillars.

JP 2014-101692 A

  However, it takes a lot of work to process the notches at both ends of the plate material with high accuracy and to join both ends of the plate material to both pillars via the square dowel material.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a wooden wall that can be easily constructed without processing the end portion of a plate material with high accuracy, and that is excellent in earthquake resistance by fitting a column and a plate material.

As a plate wall bearing wall in which a plurality of plate materials are dropped between a pair of left and right columns, the inventors insert grooves at different depths by inserting the end portions of the plate materials on one side of the columns along the vertical direction. In the groove, the plate materials adjacent to each other in the vertical direction are alternately inserted in the vertical direction, and a plurality of shear keys are provided at the junction between the column and the plate material from the bottom end to the top end of the column. The present invention has led to the invention of a plate wall bearing wall in which a column and a plate material are fitted.
In addition, one of the features of the present invention is that, for a plate material to be fitted into an uneven groove provided on a column side surface, the plate material end portion is processed with high precision by mortaring or the like, and a part of the plate material end portion is convex. Rather than projecting in a shape, the end of the plate material is inserted into the groove on the side surface of the column without special processing.

  The wooden wall of the first invention (for example, a wooden wall 1 described later) has a pair of horizontal members (for example, a column 10A, 10B described later) and a pair of horizontal members (for example, the upper and lower ends of the pair of columns). A wooden wall comprising a base 21 and a horizontal member 22), which will be described later, and a plate wall portion (for example, a plate wall portion 30 described later) provided in a space surrounded by the pair of pillars and the pair of horizontal members. And the said board wall part is extended in the horizontal direction with the 1st board | plate material (for example, below-mentioned 1st board | plate material 31) which extends in the horizontal direction, and engages with one pillar (for example, below-mentioned pillar 10A). Second plate members (for example, second plate members 32 described later) that engage with the other columns (for example, column 10B described later) are alternately arranged in the vertical direction, and the pair of columns includes , Each of which has a mortise (for example, mortises 12A and 12B described later) formed on the bottom surface ( For example, a groove 11), which will be described later, is formed along the vertical direction, and the first plate member is fitted to a mortise (for example, mortise 12A, described later) on one end, The end side is inserted into the groove of the other column, and one end side of the second plate member is inserted into the groove of the one column, and the other end side is a mortise hole (for example, mortise hole 12B described later) of the other column. It is fitted.

  In the present specification, the groove is, for example, a portion of a recessed area carved at a certain depth in a cross section of a column. A mortise is a portion of a recessed area that is further partially carved into a substantially rectangular shape, for example, from a groove of a certain depth provided on the side surface of the column so that the end of the plate material fits. is there.

According to this invention, since the first plate member engaged with one column and the second plate member engaged with the other column are alternately arranged in the vertical direction, each column has a vertical direction. A plurality of shear keys made of a plate material are provided at predetermined intervals, and the integrity of the wall is enhanced. Therefore, the compressive force concentrated on the upper and lower ends in the diagonal direction of the wooden wall at the time of the earthquake is dispersed in each plate material, so that the crushing generated at the upper and lower ends of the wooden wall can be significantly suppressed .

  Further, a mortise hole was provided in the bottom surface of the groove of the column, and an end portion of a rectangular plate member was fitted into the mortise hole. The end of each plate material only needs to be cut in a straight line, and high-precision processing such as a notch is not required, so that a wooden wall can be easily constructed.

  In the wooden wall of the second invention, the first plate member and the second plate member are rectangular, and end portions on the side that do not fit into the mortises of the respective plate members (for example, end portions 31B described later, A plug material (for example, plug materials 41 and 42 described later) is driven into the gap between the column 32A) and the column.

  According to this invention, since the plug material is driven into the gap between the end portion of the plate material that does not fit into the mortise and the column and the plate material is brought into close contact with each column, even when the processing accuracy of the plate material is not so high, The edge part of each board | plate material can be reliably engaged with a mortise.

  In addition, after inserting the first plate member or the second plate member into the mortise provided in the column, the plug member is inserted into the gap between the side of the plate member not inserted into the mortise and the groove of the column. The column and the plate were fitted so that there was no gap between them. Therefore, the adhesion degree of a pillar and a board | plate material can be raised, and the initial stage rigidity and horizontal proof stress of the wooden wall which integrated the some board | plate material between a pair of pillars can be increased.

  In addition, as a cross-sectional shape of the plug member, a wedge shape may be considered in addition to a rectangular shape. If the cross-sectional shape of the plug material is a wedge shape, the gap between the plate material and the column can be filled reliably.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wooden wall having grooves along the axial direction (for example, grooves 23 and 24 described later) on the upper surface of the lower horizontal member and the lower surface of the upper horizontal member of the pair of horizontal members. The lower end of the lowermost plate and the upper end of the uppermost plate are inserted into the grooves, respectively.

  According to the present invention, the horizontal member is provided with the groove, and the lowermost plate and the uppermost plate member are fitted into the groove. Therefore, the pair of pillars, the horizontal member, and the plurality of plate members are integrated through the groove. A wooden wall frame can be constructed.

  In the wooden wall of the present invention, it is preferable that the plate materials adjacent to each other in the vertical direction, and the plate material and the horizontal material are joined via a dowel material (for example, a dowel material 50 described later). For example, the upper member of the plate member and the horizontal member is formed with a vertically extending through hole (for example, a through hole 51 described later), and the lower member of the plate member and the horizontal member is formed with a dowel. A hole (for example, a dowel hole 52 described later) is formed, and the upper member and the lower member are joined by inserting the dowel material from above into the through hole and fitting into the dowel hole. Is done.

  According to the present invention, when joining the plate members or the plate member and the horizontal member, the dowel member is fitted into both the through hole and the dowel hole, so that the upper member and the lower member can be easily combined with each other. Can be reliably joined.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wooden wall construction method comprising: a pair of columns; a pair of horizontal members that connect upper and lower ends of the pair of columns; and a space surrounded by the pair of columns and the pair of horizontal members. A wooden wall construction method comprising: a provided plate wall portion, wherein the plate wall portion extends in the horizontal direction and engages with one column; and the horizontal plate extends in the horizontal direction to the other column. Engaging second plate members are alternately arranged in the vertical direction, and the pair of pillars are each formed with a groove having a mortise formed in the bottom surface along the vertical direction, A step of arranging a horizontal member on the side (for example, step S1 described later), a step of building the pair of pillars (for example, step S2 described later), and the first plate member and the second plate member from the lower stage. Steps of fitting into the mortises of the pair of columns alternately (for example, described later) And step S 3 to S 8), the step of attaching the horizontal member of the upper (e.g., characterized in that it comprises a step S9) to be described later.
In addition, a wooden wall may be grounded by performing each process of 5th invention in a predetermined yard, and this grounded wooden wall may be lifted and built in a predetermined location.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, while being able to construct | assemble easily, without processing the edge part of a board | plate material with high precision, a pillar and a board | plate material can be fitted and the bearing wall excellent in earthquake resistance can be provided.

It is a front view of the wooden wall which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is AA sectional drawing of FIG. It is a longitudinal section of some wooden walls concerning an embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the internal stress which arises at the time of the earthquake of the wooden wall which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the load and displacement about the Example and comparative example of this invention. It is a flowchart of the procedure which builds the wooden wall which concerns on embodiment. It is explanatory drawing (the 1) of the procedure which builds the wooden wall which concerns on embodiment. It is explanatory drawing (the 2) of the procedure which builds the wooden wall which concerns on embodiment. It is explanatory drawing (the 3) of the procedure which builds the wooden wall which concerns on embodiment. It is explanatory drawing (the 4) of the procedure which builds the wooden wall which concerns on embodiment. It is explanatory drawing (the 5) of the procedure which builds the wooden wall which concerns on embodiment.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a wooden wall 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a part of the wooden wall 1.
The wooden wall 1 has a rectangular shape when viewed from the front, and is provided on the floor surface 2. The wooden wall 1 includes a pair of pillars 10A, 10B, a pair of horizontal members 22 and a base member 22 that connect the upper and lower ends of the pair of pillars 10A, 10B, and a pair of pillars 10A, 10B, And a plate wall portion 30 provided in a space surrounded by the base 21 and the horizontal member 22.
Hereinafter, the right column in FIG. 1 is referred to as a column 10A, and the left column is referred to as a column 10B.

  The plate wall portion 30 includes a rectangular first plate 31 that extends in the horizontal direction and engages with the column 10A, and a rectangular second plate 32 that extends in the horizontal direction and engages with the column 10B. Are arranged alternately.

A groove 11 is formed in each of the pillars 10A and 10B along the vertical direction, and both end portions 31A, 31B, 32A, and 32B of plate members 31 and 32 of each step are inserted into the groove 11.
A groove 23 into which the lower end portion of the lowermost plate material 31 is inserted is formed on the upper surface of the base 21 along the axial direction. A groove 24 into which the upper end of the uppermost plate 31 is inserted is formed in the lower surface of the horizontal member 22 along the axial direction.

Mortise holes 12A are formed at predetermined intervals along the vertical direction on the bottom surface of the groove 11 of the pillar 10A. An end portion 31A on the right side in FIG. 1 on one end side of the first plate member 31 is fitted in the mortise 12A, whereby the first plate member 31 is engaged with the column 10A.
Further, a plug member 41 is provided in the gap between the left end portion 31B in FIG. 1 on the other end side of the first plate member 31 (that is, the side not fitted into the mortise 12A) and the bottom surface of the groove 11 of the column 10B. It has been driven. Thereby, the 1st board | plate material 31 is engage | inserted between pillar 10A, 10B, and is closely_contact | adhering to these pillar 10A, 10B.

Mortise holes 12B are formed in the bottom surface of the groove 11 of the pillar 10B at predetermined intervals along the vertical direction. In the mortise 12B, the end 32B on the left side in FIG. 1 on the other end side of the second plate member 32 is fitted, whereby the second plate member 32 is engaged with the column 10B. .
Further, the plug material 42 is driven into the gap between the end portion 32A on the right side in FIG. 1 on one end side (that is, the side not fitted into the mortise 12B) of the second plate member 32 and the bottom surface of the groove 11 of the column 10A. It is. Thereby, the 2nd board | plate material 32 is engage | inserted between pillar 10A, 10B, and is closely_contact | adhering to these pillar 10A, 10B.

The plate members 31, 32 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction, the plate member 31 and the base 21, and the plate member 31 and the horizontal member 22 are joined via a dowel member 50.
In the upper members of the plate members 31 and 32, the base 21, and the horizontal member 22, vertically extending through holes 51 are formed at predetermined intervals in the horizontal direction. Further, dowel holes 52 are formed in the lower members of the plate members 31 and 32, the base 21, and the horizontal member 22 immediately below the through holes 51.
The upper member and the lower member are obtained by inserting a rod-shaped dowel material 50 into the through hole 51 of the upper member from above and fitting the dowel material 50 into the dowel hole 52 of the lower member. , Joined.

  In the wooden wall 1, when a leftward seismic force F acts on the horizontal member 22 due to an earthquake, an internal stress as shown in FIG. 4 occurs. The white arrow in FIG. 4 is a component force of the seismic force F, and the black arrow is a reaction force against this component force.

  That is, in the wooden wall 1, a compression region C (portion surrounded by a broken line in FIG. 4) is generated in a diagonal direction from the upper right end side in FIG. 4 to the left lower end side in FIG. Conventionally, since the mortise was not provided, the compressive force was concentrated near the upper and lower ends of the compression region C, and the plate material was crushed. On the other hand, according to this invention, since this compressive force is disperse | distributed to the board | plate materials 31 and 32 via several mortises 12A and 12B, the crushing of the upper-lower-end part of the compression area | region C of the wooden wall 1 can be prevented. .

Next, examples of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the load and the displacement in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention.
As for the relationship between the load and displacement in the comparative example, a test body composed of a pair of pillars, foundations, horizontal members, and a plurality of plate materials is assumed. ) Japan Housing and Wood Technology Center, published in February 2004, “Technical Manual on Wall Magnification of Earthen Walls / Surface Grid Walls / Dropboard Walls”, PP.141-142 (Calculation formula of proof stress).

Regarding the relationship between the load and displacement in the example, a horizontal force experiment using a test specimen was actually performed, and the horizontal load applied in this experiment and the measurement result of the horizontal displacement at the center position of the horizontal member were used. It was.
Specifically, a test body composed of a pair of pillars, a base, a horizontal member, and a plurality of plate members was manufactured, and a horizontal force was sequentially applied to the horizontal member with the lower part of the test body fixed. .

The test body uses cedar squares of 180 mm in width and 150 mm in width as columns, the interval between columns is 1820 mm, and the interval between the foundation and the horizontal member is 2895 mm.
In the embodiment, a plate having a plate thickness of 45 mm, a height of 210 mm, and a material length of 1760 mm, and a plug having a horizontal cross section of 30 mm × 45 mm and a height of 210 mm in a frame composed of columns, foundations, and horizontal members, respectively. Thirteen pieces were arranged.
In the comparative example, 13 plate members having a plate thickness of 45 mm, a height of 210 mm, and a material length of 1820 mm were arranged in a frame composed of columns, foundations, and horizontal members.

In the embodiment, since the mortises into which the end portions of the plate material are fitted are formed every other step, the depth of the groove formed in the column changes in an uneven shape along the vertical direction.
On the other hand, in the comparative example, the depth of the groove formed in the column is constant, and the plate material end fits into the groove of this constant depth, so the horizontal position of the plate material end is constant in the vertical direction. is there.

  From FIG. 5, it can be seen that the example in which the mortise is provided has a greater improvement in the initial rigidity and the horizontal proof stress because the bonding strength between the column and the plate material is improved as compared with the conventional example having no mortise.

Next, the procedure for constructing the wooden wall 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
First, each member is processed in advance as follows. That is, grooves 23 and 24 are formed in the base 21 and the horizontal member 22. Moreover, the groove | channel 11 and the mortise 12A, 12B are formed in pillar 10A, 10B. Moreover, only the through-hole 51 is formed in each board | plate material 31 and 32, The dowel hole 52 is not formed.

In step S1, the base 21 is placed on the floor 2 as shown in FIG.
In step S <b> 2, as shown in FIG. 7, a pair of pillars 10 </ b> A and 10 </ b> B is built, and the pair of pillars 10 </ b> A and 10 </ b> B are joined to both ends of the base 21.

In step S3, as shown in FIG. 8, the 1st board | plate material 31 is dropped in the groove | channel 23 of the base 21, and the groove | channel 11 of pillar 10A, 10B.
In step S4, as shown in FIG. 8, the first plate 31 is slid sideways, and the end 31A is inserted into the bottom mortise 12A of the column 10A.

In step S5, as shown in FIG. 9, the plug 41 is driven into the gap between the end of the first plate 31 and the bottom surface of the groove 11 of the column 10B, and the first plate 31 is moved between the columns 10A and 10B. Fit in between.
In step S <b> 6, as shown in FIG. 10, the dowel hole 52 is formed in the lower member of the first plate 31 by inserting the bit of the hand drill 60 into the through hole 51 of the first plate 31.

In step S7, as shown in FIG. 11, the dowel member 50 is inserted into each through hole 51 of the first plate member 31, and is driven into the dowel hole 52 of the member immediately below the first plate member 31 using the hammer 61. . Thereby, the 1st board | plate material 31 is joined to the base 21 which is a lower member.
In step S8, the above steps S3 to S7 are repeated, and the first plate material 31 and the second plate material 32 are alternately fitted into the grooves 11 of the pair of pillars 10A and 10B from the lower stage to the upper stage, Arrange vertically.

  In step S9, the horizontal member 22 is attached to the upper ends of the pair of pillars 10A and 10B and the uppermost plate member 31. This horizontal member 22 is also joined to the first plate member 31 which is a lower member in the same procedure as steps S6 and S7.

According to this embodiment, there are the following effects.
(1) Each pillar 10A, 10B is provided with a plurality of shear keys by the plate materials 31, 32 at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction. In other words, mortises 12A and 12B for fitting the end portions 31A and 32B of the plate materials 31 and 32 are formed in the columns 10A and 10B at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction. Therefore, in the wooden wall 1 in which the plurality of plate members 31 and 32 are arranged in the vertical direction, the end portions 31A and 32B of the plate members 31 and 32 and the pillars 10A and 10B transmit shear resistance by a plurality of shear keys. Therefore, the compressive force which concentrates on the upper-lower-end part of the diagonal direction of the wooden wall 1 at the time of an earthquake can be disperse | distributed to each board | plate material 31, 32, and the collapse of the upper-lower-end part of this diagonal direction can be suppressed significantly.
In addition, since the grooves 11 are provided in the pillars 10A and 10B, and the plate members 31 and 32 are fitted into the grooves 11, the bonding strength between the plate members 31 and 32 and the pillars 10A and 10B can be increased. 1 initial rigidity and horizontal strength can be improved.

  (2) Mortise holes 12A and 12B were provided on the bottom surfaces of the grooves 11 of the pillars 10A and 10B, and the end portions 31A and 32B of the rectangular plate materials 31 and 32 were fitted into these mortar holes 12A and 12B. Therefore, the end portions 31A and 32B of the plate members 31 and 32 only need to be cut in a straight line, and high-precision processing such as a cutout portion is not necessary, so that the wooden wall 1 can be easily constructed.

  (3) The plug members 41 and 42 were driven into the gaps between the end portions 31B and 32A of the plate members 31 and 32 that are not fitted in the mortises 12A and 12B and the bottom surfaces of the grooves 11 of the columns 10A and 10B. Therefore, even when the processing accuracy of the plate materials 31 and 32 is not so high, the built-in play of the plate materials 31 and 32 can be reduced, so that the plate materials 31 and 32 can be brought into close contact with the pillars 10A and 10B. The end of 32 can be reliably engaged with the mortises 12A and 12B.

  (4) When the plate members 31 and 32 or between the plate member 31 and the base 21 and the horizontal member 22 are joined, the through hole 51 is provided in the upper member and the dowel hole 52 is provided in the lower member. By fitting the dowel material 50 into both the through hole 51 and the dowel hole 52, the upper member and the lower member were joined. Therefore, the upper member and the lower member can be reliably joined by a simple method.

  (5) Since the lowermost plate member 32 and the base 21 and the uppermost plate member 31 and the horizontal member 22 are fitted through the grooves 23 and 24 in addition to the dowel member 50, the bonding strength is increased. be able to. Further, by fitting the plate material 31 to the base 21 and the horizontal member 22, the integrity of the base 21 and the horizontal member 22 and the plate material 31 can be increased.

  (6) The plate members 31 and 32 are inserted into the mortises 12A and 12B, and the plug members 41 and 42 are driven into the gaps between the ends of the plate members 31 and 32 and the columns 10A and 10B. 10B was joined. In addition, using the dowel material 50, the plate materials 31, 32, or the plate material 31 and the base 21 and the horizontal member 22 are joined. Therefore, since no hardware is used, problems such as deterioration of the joint and rust do not occur.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and modifications, improvements, etc. within a scope that can achieve the object of the present invention are included in the present invention.
For example, in the above embodiment, the plate wall portion 30 is configured by alternately arranging two types of first plate materials 31 and second plate materials 32, but the plate wall portion is configured by three types of plate materials, You may raise the close_contact | adherence degree with a board | plate material.
For example, in the above embodiment, the grooves 23 and 24 are provided in both the base 21 and the horizontal member 22, and the lowermost plate member 31 and the uppermost plate member 32 are joined to the base 21 and the horizontal member 22. Not limited to this, when the horizontal force applied to the wooden wall is small, a groove is formed in only one of the base and the horizontal member, and only one of the bottom plate or the top plate is the base or side. You may join to a frame.

F ... Seismic force 1 ... Wooden wall 2 ... Floor 10A, 10B ... Pillar 11 ... Groove 12A, 12B ... Mortise 21 ... Base (horizontal material) 22 ... Horizontal member (horizontal material) 23, 24 ... Groove 30 ... Plate wall Part 31 ... 1st board | plate material 31A, 31B ... End part 32 ... 2nd board | plate material 32A, 32B ... End part 41, 42 ... Plug material 50 ... Dowel material 51 ... Through-hole 52 ... Dowel hole 60 ... Hand drill 61 ... Hammer

Claims (4)

A wooden wall comprising a pair of columns, a pair of horizontal members connecting the upper and lower ends of the pair of columns, and a plate wall portion provided in a space surrounded by the pair of columns and the pair of horizontal members. There,
In the plate wall portion, first plate members that extend in the horizontal direction and engage with one column and second plate members that extend in the horizontal direction and engage with the other column are alternately arranged in the vertical direction. Configured,
In each of the pair of columns, a groove having a mortise formed on the bottom surface is formed along the vertical direction,
The first plate member has one end side fitted into the mortise of one column and the other end side inserted into the groove of the other column,
One end side of the second plate member is inserted into a groove of one column, and the other end side is fitted into a mortise of the other column. The first plate member and the second plate member are rectangular,
2. The wooden wall according to claim 1, wherein a plug member is driven into a gap between an end portion of each plate member that does not fit into the mortise and the column. Of the pair of horizontal members, grooves are formed along the axial direction on the upper surface of the lower horizontal member and the lower surface of the upper horizontal member,
The wooden wall according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a lower end portion of the lowermost plate member and an upper end portion of the uppermost plate member are respectively inserted into the grooves. A wooden wall comprising a pair of pillars, a pair of horizontal members connecting upper and lower ends of the pair of pillars, and a plate wall portion provided in a space surrounded by the pair of pillars and the pair of horizontal members. A construction method,
In the plate wall portion, first plate members that extend in the horizontal direction and engage with one column and second plate members that extend in the horizontal direction and engage with the other column are alternately arranged in the vertical direction. Configured,
In each of the pair of columns, a groove having a mortise formed on the bottom surface is formed along the vertical direction,
Placing the lower horizontal material on the floor;
Building the pair of pillars at both ends of the horizontal member;
Steps of fitting the first plate member and the second plate member alternately into the mortises of the pair of columns from the lower stage to the upper stage;
Attaching the upper horizontal member to an upper end portion of the pair of columns and an upper end portion of the uppermost plate member, and a method for constructing a wooden wall.

Images