JP6417309B2 - Magnetic steel sheet physical property evaluation apparatus, its evaluation method, electromagnetic steel sheet manufacturing system, and electromagnetic steel sheet manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electrical steel sheet physical property evaluation apparatus, an evaluation method thereof, an electrical steel sheet manufacturing system, and an electrical steel sheet manufacturing method.

  The physical properties of the electrical steel sheet are one of the important characteristics that influence the performance of the processed product. Scales for evaluating the characteristics include iron loss, maximum magnetic permeability, and magnetostriction. For example, a characteristic called iron loss is that when an AC magnetic field is applied to a magnetic steel sheet, energy is lost because power is consumed as heat by magnetic hysteresis obtained from the BH curve and eddy current. Refers to nature. Therefore, an electromagnetic steel sheet having a low iron loss is more advantageous than an electromagnetic steel sheet having a high iron loss because it has a higher conversion efficiency when used in a transformer or the like.

  As an apparatus for measuring the above-described characteristics, Patent Document 1 discloses a method for measuring a BH curve. In the invention disclosed in Patent Document 1, hysteresis is obtained by measuring a BH curve. In the invention, the differential permeability is obtained by including a high-frequency component during excitation.

  In addition, the apparatus for evaluating magnetic characteristics disclosed in Patent Document 2 performs direct current magnetization in the direction of the easy axis of magnetization and multiplies alternating current magnetization in a direction perpendicular to the easy axis of magnetization, thereby determining the degree of influence of the alternating current magnetization. Evaluate magnetic properties.

  Patent Document 3 discloses an apparatus that estimates an iron loss value by propagating ultrasonic plate waves in a plurality of directions on a plate surface and measuring the propagation time.

  In Patent Document 4, after causing multiple interference in the plate thickness direction by adjusting the frequency of the ultrasonic wave, an apparatus for measuring the crystal orientation is evaluated by evaluating the attenuation state of the multiple interference waveform. It is disclosed.

  Patent Document 5 discloses a measurement method and apparatus using acoustically induced electromagnetic waves.

JP 2011-226840 A JP 2010-54254 A Japanese Patent No. 2988326 Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 7-1255 WO2007 / 055057

Asai Kunio et al., “Magnetic strain of ferromagnetic materials and stress dependence of magnetization curve”, Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers (A), Vol. 64, No. 624 (1998-8), pp165-172

  In order to use the apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to obtain a BH curve, so that the steel sheet needs to be in a saturation magnetization state. Therefore, since it takes time to draw one loop of the BH curve, there is a problem that it takes time to evaluate. Further, Patent Document 1 does not clearly disclose a means for measuring a sample. Therefore, Patent Document 1 has no suggestion for the technical idea of measuring a minute region on the order of submillimeters. Although there is a description of optical magnetostriction measurement, if the method disclosed in Patent Document 1 is used, only the strain in the direction perpendicular to the sample surface can be measured. There is a problem that can not be.

  The apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 2 employs a leakage flux method of measuring a leakage magnetic field from a steel plate as a measuring means. Therefore, in order to employ this means, it is necessary to bring the external magnetic field applied to the steel plate close to the magnetic saturation level. Therefore, there is a problem that detailed magnetic properties cannot be measured when the applied magnetic field level such as a residual magnetic field (zero external magnetic field) or a weak magnetic field is different.

  The apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 3 uses the acoustic velocity anisotropy of an ultrasonic plate wave mode. However, in order to use the apparatus, a sufficient propagation distance for measuring the speed of sound is necessary, and the measured value is a value based on the average value between the distances. Therefore, it is impossible to distinguish and measure a sub-millimeter region using the apparatus. Moreover, even if this apparatus is used, it is difficult to evaluate parameters other than iron loss (permeability or magnetostriction).

  The apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 4 is a method for measuring crystal grains. However, since the apparatus cannot directly evaluate the magnetic characteristics, it cannot be said to be an apparatus for evaluating the characteristics of the electrical steel sheet.

  Patent Document 5 discloses a measurement method and apparatus related to a general dielectric and magnetic material. However, there is no disclosure or suggestion about an evaluation apparatus and its evaluation method devised based on the properties peculiar to electromagnetic steel sheets, or a manufacturing system for electromagnetic steel sheets and a method for manufacturing electromagnetic steel sheets.

  The present invention solves at least some of the various problems described above, and evaluates the characteristics of a non-destructive, non-contact, high spatial resolution electrical steel sheet, its evaluation method, and a manufacturing system and electromagnetic It can greatly contribute to the realization of the manufacturing method of the steel sheet.

  In order to utilize the measurement method or apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 5 with high accuracy as a measurement method or apparatus for measuring various characteristics of an electromagnetic steel sheet, the inventors have to observe the characteristic physical properties or behavior of the electromagnetic steel sheet. Based on the knowledge that combined special devices are necessary, we conducted intensive research and analysis. As a result, in a specific environment, it is an evaluation object (or measurement object) to irradiate a sound wave to an electrical steel sheet in a state where an external magnetic field is applied or after such an external magnetic field is applied. It was confirmed that the physical properties of the electrical steel sheet can be evaluated with non-destructive, non-contact and high spatial resolution. In addition, based on the above-described knowledge, the present inventors have created an electromagnetic steel sheet manufacturing system and a method for manufacturing an electromagnetic steel sheet with more stable physical properties. The present invention was created based on the above viewpoint.

It should be noted that the present invention mainly realizes the following four technical effects (1) to (4).
(1) The range of the area to be evaluated (or measured) is a very small area (for example, on the order of millimeters or submillimeters) (2) Wide range from zero to less than saturation level (In particular, the effect of the present invention can be achieved even when the value is considerably lower than the saturation level.)
(3) The parameters that can be evaluated include hysteresis, magnetostriction constant (and a magnetostriction constant approximately calculated based on the magnetostriction constant), and / or the maximum magnetic flux density. (4) The above (1) Based on the knowledge of (3), to realize a manufacturing system of a magnetic steel sheet with more stable physical properties and a manufacturing method of the magnetic steel sheet

  Next, the principle for performing the physical property evaluation of the electrical steel sheet or the production of the electrical steel sheet or the process for producing the electrical steel sheet in the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing an example of a configuration of a basic evaluation system 1 for realizing physical property evaluation of an electromagnetic steel sheet 90 or manufacturing of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 utilizing the present invention. 2A is an enlarged view of a part of the cross section of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 in the S region in FIG. 1, and is a conceptual diagram particularly emphasizing elastic deformation. FIG. 2B is an enlarged view of a part of the plane of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 in the S region in FIG. 1, and is a conceptual diagram particularly emphasizing elastic deformation. In FIGS. 2A and 2B, the magnetostriction direction is shown to help understanding.

  This evaluation system 1 uses an electrical steel sheet to be evaluated via a sound wave irradiated from a sound wave generation unit 20 that is a sound wave generation source via a propagation medium 30 of the sound wave (in this application, “flowing liquid 32”). A configuration reaching 90 is adopted. In other words, in this application, since the propagation medium 30 is interposed between the sound wave generation unit 20 and the electromagnetic steel plate 90, the propagation medium 30 is sandwiched between the sound wave generation unit 20 and the electromagnetic steel plate 90. It becomes a state.

  In this evaluation system 1, sound waves are irradiated from a direction substantially orthogonal to the surface of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90, particularly preferably from a direction orthogonal. In addition, it is possible to change the irradiation area (diameter of the focal point) when reaching the surface of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 by adjusting the sound wave generated from the sound wave generator 20 by a known means. Therefore, those skilled in the art can evaluate the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 after focusing the sound wave according to the type of the evaluation target item of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 or according to other needs. For example, if a sound wave with a frequency of 10 MHz (so-called ultrasonic wave) is used, the diameter of the focal point can be reduced to about 1 mm (φ about 1 mm).

  When viewed microscopically, a slight distortion (elastic deformation) is generated in at least a part of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 in the region irradiated with the sound wave due to the pressure of the sound wave. As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, in the case of a general elastic body, when pressure is applied from one direction, the other direction (for example, a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the pressure is applied). Distortion also occurs. Therefore, the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 is distorted with components in various directions when irradiated with sound waves. By utilizing this strain, physical property evaluation of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90, for example, evaluation of hysteresis, magnetostriction constant (and a magnetostriction constant approximately calculated based on the magnetostriction constant), and / or maximum magnetic flux density. Is possible.

  For example, when some or all of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 is distorted, the magnetic properties of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 change. In the example of the change of the magnetic characteristic shown in Patent Document 1, it is suggested that the characteristic affected by the magnetization curve changes as the magnetization curve changes.

  The change in the magnetization curve caused by the formation of strain gives a change in the amount of magnetic flux in the electromagnetic steel sheet 90. FIG. 3 is a graph showing an example of a change in magnetization curve caused by the formation of strain. FIG. 3A is an example of a graph of the magnetization curve (BH curve) before the change (solid line). FIG. 3B is an example of a graph displaying the magnetization curve (solid line) of FIG. 3A and the magnetization curve (dotted line) when distortion is caused by receiving pressure from the outside. FIG. 3C shows the magnetization curve (solid line) of FIG. 3A and the magnetization curve (when the strain is generated by external pressure in a state where the magnetization force of Hb is applied as bias magnetization in advance). (Dotted line) and a graph displaying bias magnetization. As shown in FIG. 3C, if the magnetization force of Hb is previously applied as the bias magnetization, the magnetic flux amount ΔB appears as a change amount due to the bias magnetization.

  Here, if the electromagnetic steel plate 90 is irradiated with a sound wave having a frequency of 10 MHz from the sound wave generator 20, ΔB changes according to the frequency of 10 MHz. As a result, when a magnetic flux exists on the surface layer of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90, an electromagnetic wave having a frequency of 10 MHz is transmitted from the surface of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 as a radio wave of a so-called magnetic field source. By receiving this radio wave using an antenna, a coil, or a magnetic sensor (coil 40x in the evaluation system 1), the value of ΔB as shown in FIG. 3C can be measured.

  Assuming a magnetization curve as one standard (in other words, reference information), by measuring the value of ΔB after changing Hb, the magnetization curve in the case where strain is applied can be estimated. It becomes possible. By examining the distribution of the magnetization curve in the electromagnetic steel sheet 90, the physical properties of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 can be evaluated.

By the way, the electrical steel sheet 90 demanded in the industry typically includes at least one of the following characteristics (A) to (C), preferably two or more.
(A) Low iron loss (B) High maximum magnetic flux density (C) Low magnetostriction

  Here, the iron loss of the above (A) is classified into “eddy current loss” and “hysteresis loss”. The “hysteresis loss” is a value obtained from the hysteresis of the magnetization curve, and therefore at least the “hysteresis loss” can be evaluated by the present invention. Further, since the “maximum magnetic flux density” in (B) has a correlation with the magnetic permeability, the “maximum magnetic flux density” can be evaluated based on the magnetization curve. In the saturation magnetization region, ΔB becomes small, so that the saturation magnetization level can be evaluated. The “magnetostriction” in (C) described above is a strain caused by magnetization. Magnetization due to strain is a “reversible” phenomenon in relation to the reverse phenomenon (strained magnetism). Therefore, a small ΔB is nothing but a small distorted magnetism. That is, it can be said that “magnetostriction” can be evaluated by the present invention.

  Based on the above-described principle or the assumed theory, the physical property evaluation apparatus and physical property evaluation method of the present invention can realize the measurement of the characteristics of the electrical steel sheet with non-destructive, non-contact and high spatial resolution.

  One physical property evaluation apparatus of the present invention for producing at least one of the above-described technical effects includes a sound wave generating unit that irradiates a sound wave to the electromagnetic steel sheet, and the electromagnetic steel sheet is larger than zero with respect to the electromagnetic steel sheet. A magnetic field applying unit that applies a magnetic field less than the magnetic field strength that is magnetically saturated and a receiving unit that receives an electromagnetic wave generated from the electromagnetic steel sheet by the above-described sound wave in the magnetic field are provided. Furthermore, in this physical property evaluation apparatus, the sound wave generation unit described above is in a state where a flowing liquid for propagating the sound wave to the electromagnetic steel sheet is interposed between the sound wave generation unit and the magnetic steel sheet. The sound wave generator and the receiver are arranged so that the relative positions thereof are constant.

  In addition, another physical property evaluation apparatus of the present invention includes a sound wave generator that irradiates a magnetic steel sheet with a sound wave, and a magnetic field that is greater than zero and less than the magnetic field strength at which the magnetic steel sheet is magnetically saturated. A magnetic field applying unit to be applied and a receiving unit for receiving an electromagnetic wave generated from the magnetic steel sheet by the above-described sound wave in the magnetic field are provided. Further, the physical property evaluation apparatus is configured such that the sound wave generating unit and the above-described electromagnetic steel sheet are interposed between the sound wave generating unit and the above-described electromagnetic steel sheet with a flowing liquid for propagating the above-described sound wave to the electromagnetic steel sheet. There is provided a moving mechanism for moving the above-mentioned electrical steel sheet relative to the sound wave generating part whose relative position to the receiving part is constant.

  According to each of the above-described physical property evaluation apparatuses, it is possible to realize a very small region as a region range to be evaluated (or measured). Further, according to this physical property evaluation apparatus, it is possible to use a wide range of magnetic fields from zero to less than the saturation level as the applied magnetic field. Note that it is worthy of special mention that the characteristics of the electrical steel sheet can be appropriately evaluated even if the magnetic field strength is considerably lower than the saturation level.

  In addition, the time which the noise which generate | occur | produces from the said sound wave generation part propagates the distance from the sound wave generation part to the above-mentioned receiving part rather than the time when the said sound wave propagates the distance from the above-mentioned sound wave generation part to the above-mentioned electromagnetic steel plate Is shorter, and can contribute to the realization of appropriate evaluation of the characteristics of the electrical steel sheet.

  Also, one physical property evaluation method of the present invention for producing at least one of the above technical effects is that a magnetic field less than the magnetic field strength at which the electromagnetic steel sheet is magnetically saturated to be greater than zero with respect to the electromagnetic steel sheet. An electromagnetic wave is applied to the electromagnetic steel sheet by propagating the sound wave from the sound wave generation source to the magnetic steel sheet in a state in which a liquid flowing between the electromagnetic steel sheet and the sound wave generation source is interposed. Receiving the electromagnetic wave generated from the steel plate by the receiving unit.

  Also, one physical property evaluation method of the present invention includes an application step of applying a magnetic field that is greater than zero and less than the magnetic field strength at which the electromagnetic steel plate is magnetically saturated to the electromagnetic steel plate, the electromagnetic steel plate, and a sound wave generation source. Receiving the electromagnetic wave generated from the electromagnetic steel plate in the magnetic field by the receiving unit by propagating the sound wave from the sound wave generation source to the electromagnetic steel plate with the liquid flowing between A moving step of moving the electromagnetic steel sheet relative to the sound wave generation source in which the relative position between the sound wave generation source and the reception unit is constant.

  According to each of the above-described physical property evaluation methods, a very small region can be realized as a range of regions to be evaluated (or measured). Moreover, according to this physical property evaluation method, it is possible to use a wide range of magnetic fields from zero to less than the saturation level as the applied magnetic field. Note that it is worthy of special mention that the characteristics of the electrical steel sheet can be appropriately evaluated even if the magnetic field strength is considerably lower than the saturation level.

  In addition, the noise generated from the sound wave generation source propagates the distance from the sound wave generation source to the reception unit, rather than the time for the sound wave to propagate the distance from the sound wave generation source to the electromagnetic steel plate. The short time is more accurate and can contribute to the realization of appropriate evaluation of the characteristics of the electrical steel sheet.

  Moreover, the manufacturing method of one electrical steel sheet of the present invention for producing at least one of the above technical effects is less than the magnetic field strength at which the electrical steel sheet is greater than zero and becomes magnetically saturated with respect to the electrical steel sheet. In the application of applying a magnetic field, and in the state of interposing a liquid flowing between the electromagnetic steel plate and the sound wave generation source, by propagating sound waves from the sound wave generation source to the magnetic steel plate, A receiving step of receiving electromagnetic waves generated from the electromagnetic steel sheet by the receiving unit, and moving the electromagnetic steel sheet relative to the sound wave generating source whose relative position between the sound wave generating source and the receiving unit is constant. A moving step, a providing step for providing the signal received by the receiving step, and the electromagnetic steel plate and / or the electromagnetic steel plate based on the signal provided by the providing step. Including a heating step of heating the different electrical steel sheet.

  According to this method of manufacturing an electromagnetic steel sheet, it is possible to realize a very small area as a range of an area to be evaluated (or a measurement object) in the electromagnetic steel sheet. Therefore, based on the result of evaluating the signal received in the receiving step, for example, in the heating step, the evaluated electromagnetic steel plate itself and / or an electromagnetic steel plate different from the evaluated electromagnetic steel plate can be heated. As a result, it is possible to manufacture an electrical steel sheet with higher accuracy and smaller variations in physical property values than in the past. By employing this manufacturing method, the productivity of the electromagnetic steel sheet can be improved. In addition, according to this manufacturing method, it is possible to utilize the magnetic field of the wide range from zero to less than a saturation level as a magnetic field to apply. Further, it is worthy of special mention that even if the magnetic field strength is considerably lower than the saturation level, it is possible to appropriately evaluate the characteristics of the electrical steel sheet.

  In addition, the noise generated from the sound wave generation source propagates the distance from the sound wave generation source to the reception unit, rather than the time for the sound wave to propagate the distance from the sound wave generation source to the electromagnetic steel plate. The short time can contribute to the realization of electrical steel sheets with higher accuracy and higher quality, in other words, more stable physical properties or excellent properties.

  Moreover, the manufacturing system of one electromagnetic steel plate of this invention for producing at least one of the above-mentioned technical effects is larger than zero with respect to the sound wave generation part which irradiates a sound wave to an electromagnetic steel plate, and the electromagnetic steel plate. A magnetic field applying unit that applies a magnetic field less than the magnetic field strength at which the electromagnetic steel plate is magnetically saturated, a receiving unit that receives electromagnetic waves generated from the electromagnetic steel plate by the sound waves in the magnetic field, a sound wave generating unit, and the With respect to the sound wave generating part in which the relative position between the sound wave generating part and the receiving part is constant with the flowing liquid for propagating the sound wave to the magnetic steel sheet interposed between the electromagnetic steel sheet and the receiving part. A moving mechanism for relatively moving the electromagnetic steel sheet, a providing means for providing a signal received by the receiving unit, and a power supply based on the signal provided by the providing means. And a heating unit for heating the different electrical steel sheet and the steel sheet and / or a magnetic steel sheet.

  According to this electromagnetic steel sheet manufacturing system, it is possible to realize a very small area as a range of an area to be evaluated (or a measurement object) in the electromagnetic steel sheet. Therefore, based on the result of evaluating the signal received by the receiving unit, for example, in the heating unit, the evaluated electromagnetic steel sheet itself and / or an electromagnetic steel sheet different from the evaluated electromagnetic steel sheet can be heated. As a result, it is possible to manufacture an electrical steel sheet with higher accuracy and less variation in physical property values or excellent characteristics. From another viewpoint, by selecting the evaluation object based on the evaluation, an electrical steel sheet optimized for the intended use is manufactured, or the selected evaluation object (electrical steel sheet) is optimal. It can be sorted according to usage. In addition, the productivity of the electromagnetic steel sheet can be improved by employing this manufacturing method. In addition, according to this manufacturing system, it is possible to utilize the magnetic field of the wide range from zero to less than a saturation level as a magnetic field to apply. Further, it is worthy of special mention that even if the magnetic field strength is considerably lower than the saturation level, it is possible to appropriately evaluate the characteristics of the electrical steel sheet.

  In addition, the time which the noise which generate | occur | produces from the said sound wave generation part propagates the distance from the sound wave generation part to the above-mentioned receiving part rather than the time when the said sound wave propagates the distance from the above-mentioned sound wave generation part to the above-mentioned electromagnetic steel plate Is shorter, and can contribute to the realization of the production of electrical steel sheets with higher accuracy and higher quality, in other words, more stable physical properties or excellent properties.

  In addition, “physical properties” in the present application are, for example, (1) magnetic properties, (2) magnetomechanical properties, or (3) crystal grain sizes and / or crystal orientations having correlation with magnetic properties and / or magnetomechanical properties. It is a concept including crystalline properties such as.

  According to one physical property evaluation apparatus and physical property evaluation method of the present invention, physical property evaluation of an electrical steel sheet can be performed with non-destructive, non-contact and high spatial resolution. In addition, according to the method for manufacturing a magnetic steel sheet and the system for manufacturing a magnetic steel sheet according to the present invention, non-destructive, non-contact, and high spatial resolution, the variation in the physical property value based on the physical property evaluation result of the magnetic steel sheet is small. Alternatively, an electrical steel sheet having excellent characteristics can be manufactured.

It is a general | schematic side view which shows an example of a structure of the basic evaluation system for implement | achieving the physical-property evaluation of the electromagnetic steel plate of this invention, or manufacture of an electromagnetic steel plate. (A) It is drawing which expanded some cross sections of the electromagnetic steel plate 90 in the S area | region in FIG. 1, Comprising: The conceptual diagram which emphasized especially elastic deformation. (B) It is drawing which expanded the one part plane of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 in the S area | region in FIG. 1, Comprising: The conceptual diagram which emphasized elastic deformation especially. (A) The example of the graph of the magnetization curve (BH curve) before changing (solid line). (B) The example of the graph which displayed the magnetization curve (solid line) of Fig.3 (a), and the magnetization curve (dotted line) when distortion arises by receiving a pressure from the outside. (C) A magnetization curve (solid line) of (a), a magnetization curve (dotted line) when a strain is generated by an external pressure in a state where a magnetization force of Hb is applied in advance as bias magnetization, and a bias magnetization. An example of the displayed graph. The outline side view (including some sectional views) which shows composition of a physical property evaluation device of (a) electromagnetic steel plate of a 1st embodiment, and a top view which extracted a part of composition of (b) physical property evaluation device It is. It is a wiring diagram (partial circuit diagram) between components in the physical property evaluation apparatus of the first embodiment. It is an example of the signal observed by the physical property evaluation apparatus and physical property evaluation method of 1st Embodiment. It is an example of the two-dimensional map based on the intensity | strength of the measuring object signal obtained from the electromagnetic steel plate by the physical property evaluation apparatus of 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which compares the two-dimensional map (reference data) of the result of having analyzed the crystal orientation of the electromagnetic steel plate in 1st Embodiment using X-rays, and the evaluation result of this embodiment. It is a graph which shows the change of the intensity | strength (voltage value) of the measuring object signal obtained from an electromagnetic steel plate when changing the intensity | strength (current value) of the magnetic field applied by the magnetic field application part in 1st Embodiment. It is a general | schematic side view (partial sectional drawing is included) which shows the structure of the manufacturing system of the electrical steel sheet of 2nd Embodiment. In another embodiment, a part of the configuration of a physical property evaluation apparatus or a manufacturing system including three receiving units arranged to acquire an electromagnetic wave signal decomposed into X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis components is extracted. It is a side view (including a partial cross-sectional view) ((a), (b)) and a plan view (c) excerpting a part of the structure of the physical property evaluation apparatus or manufacturing system. It is the top view which extracted a part of structure of the physical-property evaluation apparatus or the manufacturing system which shows the state which is blowing air or nitrogen toward the electromagnetic steel plate and the flowing liquid in other embodiment. It is a top view equivalent to FIG.11 (c) of the physical-property evaluation system which is an example which is not provided with a moving mechanism. It is a top view equivalent to FIG.11 (c) of the physical-property evaluation system which is another example which is not provided with a moving mechanism.

  As an embodiment of the present invention, a physical property evaluation apparatus and a physical property evaluation method will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this description, common parts are denoted by common reference symbols throughout the drawings unless otherwise specified. In the drawings, elements of the present embodiment are not necessarily described with each other kept to scale. Further, some symbols may be omitted to make each drawing easier to see.

<First Embodiment>
A physical property evaluation apparatus 100 for an electrical steel sheet according to this embodiment will be described. FIG. 4 is a schematic side view (including a partial cross-sectional view) showing the configuration of the physical property evaluation apparatus 100 for an electromagnetic steel sheet according to the first embodiment, and (b) one of the configurations of the physical property evaluation apparatus 100. It is the top view which extracted the part. In the present embodiment, a physical property evaluation apparatus 100 and an evaluation method aspect and effect using the physical property evaluation apparatus 100 will be described using a sample of an electromagnetic steel sheet (hereinafter simply referred to as “electromagnetic steel sheet”) 90.

  The physical property evaluation apparatus 100 for an electromagnetic steel sheet according to this embodiment has a sound wave generation unit 20 as a sound wave generation source for irradiating the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 with sound waves, and the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 is magnetically saturated with respect to the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 to be larger than zero. A magnetic field applying unit 70 that applies a magnetic field less than the magnetic field strength, and a receiving unit (for example, a coil) 40 that receives an electromagnetic wave generated from the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 by the sound wave in the magnetic field described above.

  In addition, the physical property evaluation apparatus 100 applies the flowing liquid 32 for propagating the above-described sound wave to the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 between the sound wave generating part 20 and the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 with respect to the sound wave generating part 20. And a moving mechanism 80 for relatively moving the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 (most typically parallel movement, the direction (q) in FIG. 4). In the present embodiment, at least while the physical properties of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 are evaluated, the relative position between the sound wave generator 20 and the receiver 40 is kept constant. Further, as one modification of the present embodiment, the sound wave generation unit 20 and the reception unit 40 whose relative positions are kept constant move relative to the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 (most typically, a parallel movement, A moving mechanism 80 (in the direction (p) in FIG. 4) can also be employed.

  In the present embodiment, the magnetic field application unit 70 also moves so as to maintain a relative positional relationship with the sound wave generation unit 20 and the reception unit 40 at least while evaluating the physical properties of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 (mostly Typically, it can be translated (direction (p) in FIG. 4). However, if the magnetic field applied by the magnetic field application unit 70 is sufficiently wide, the magnetic field application unit 70 does not necessarily move. In addition, in the present embodiment, only one receiving unit 40 is provided, but it is another aspect that can employ two or more receiving units 40. In addition, in the present embodiment, the receiving unit 40 is disposed to be inclined at about 5 ° to about 15 ° with respect to the horizontal plane. Therefore, an evaluation or measurement target signal received by the receiving unit 40 (for example, including an electromagnetic wave signal from the electromagnetic steel sheet 90) may be affected by the above-described angle. It can be appropriately changed depending on circumstances such as signal strength or disturbance (noise). However, from the viewpoint of realizing the signal to be measured along the three axes (X axis, Y axis, and Z axis) as much as possible, about 5 ° to about 15 ° with respect to the horizontal or vertical plane. It is preferable that they are arranged to be inclined.

  Here, the sound wave generator 20 of the present embodiment can employ a focused sound wave generator. For example, if a frequency of 10 MHz is employed, it is possible to form a sound wave irradiation region having a diameter of about 1 mm on the electromagnetic steel sheet 90. In the present embodiment, in order to efficiently propagate the sound wave, it is a preferable aspect to interpose a sound wave propagation medium between the sound wave generator 20 and the electromagnetic steel sheet 90. An example of the propagation medium in the present embodiment is the flowing liquid 32. More specifically, the flowing liquid 32 is water. However, the liquid employed in the present embodiment is not limited to water. As long as it is a medium capable of propagating sound waves, for example, even a known liquid resin can exhibit at least part of the effects of the present embodiment. However, in consideration of ease of handling or safety in work, it is a preferable aspect to employ water as the flowing liquid 32.

  In more detail, the flowing liquid 32 is sent from the liquid supply source 52 through the hose 54 into the relatively small container 50. The sound wave generation unit 20 is disposed in the storage unit 50. In addition, the interior of the container 50 is filled with a liquid (typically water) 32 that is continuously supplied from the supply source 52. As shown in FIG. 4, since the lower part of the accommodating part 50 is open | released, the flowing liquid 32 will flow out below. As a result, the flowing liquid 32 is interposed between the electrical steel sheet 90 to be evaluated and the sound wave generator 20.

  In the present embodiment, the electromagnetic steel plate 90 on the movable table 60 to be evaluated can be magnetized by the magnetic field application unit (magnetizer) 70 disposed below the table 60. In addition, the sound wave generating unit 20 that is a sound wave generating source is disposed above the surface of the magnetic steel sheet 90 opposite to the magnetic field applying unit 70 with the electromagnetic steel plate 90 interposed therebetween and along the magnetic pole center line of the magnetic field applying unit 70. Is done.

  The upper limit of the magnetic field strength of the magnetic field applying unit 70 is preferably less than the magnetic field strength at which the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 is magnetically saturated. In particular, in the physical property evaluation apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, the effect of the present embodiment can be obtained even when the magnetic field intensity at which magnetic saturation is achieved is 3/4 or less, and more specifically half or less. Worthy.

  By the way, in order to prevent the electromagnetic wave as noise generated from the sound wave generation unit 20 from propagating to the reception unit 40 with high accuracy, it is a preferable aspect that a part of the housing unit 50 is made of metal. For example, when the distance from the upper surface of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 to the sound wave generator 20 is 20 mm, an acrylic casing whose lower part is open from the vicinity of the upper surface of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 to a height of about 10 mm, It is a preferable aspect that a metal casing is employed above the acrylic casing. The metal part is preferably grounded to obtain the noise shielding effect.

  In the present embodiment, due to the property of electromagnetic waves generated from the electromagnetic steel plate 90 where the sound waves are irradiated by the sound wave generator 20, the electromagnetic waves attenuate when passing through the liquid 32 (water in the present embodiment) through which the electromagnetic waves flow. It will be. For this reason, it is preferable to reduce the amount of the flowing liquid 32 as much as possible from the generation location or region of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 to the receiving unit 40. Therefore, it is a preferable aspect that the opening on the lower end side of the accommodating portion 50, that is, the opening on the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 side is narrowed down to such an extent that the focused sound wave is not disturbed.

  In addition, the accommodating portion 50 of the present embodiment forms a flow path for the flowing liquid 32. Here, it is preferable that at least a portion forming the flow path in the housing unit 50 has a metal surface in order to shield electromagnetic wave noise generated from the sound wave generation unit 20 and make it difficult for the reception unit 40 to receive the noise.

  In the present embodiment, the receiving unit 40 is accommodated in the cover 44 in order to avoid contact with the flowing liquid 32 with high accuracy. The material of the cover 44 may be non-metallic and non-magnetic from the viewpoint of preventing the electromagnetic wave generated from the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 from being attenuated before reaching the receiving unit 40 or suppressing the attenuation of the electromagnetic wave. preferable. In addition, a material that is waterproof and transmits radio waves is preferable as the material of the cover 44. A specific example of a suitable material for the cover 44 is resin or ceramic. However, even when the cover 44 is not provided, consideration can be given so that contact between the flowing liquid 32 and the receiving unit 40 can be avoided, for example, by suppressing the flow rate of the flowing liquid 32.

  As described above, since the physical property evaluation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment uses sound waves, a device that efficiently transmits sound waves to the electromagnetic steel plate 90 and a device that does not attenuate the electromagnetic waves generated from the evaluation target (the electromagnetic steel plate 90). It is preferable to apply from the viewpoint of achieving the effect of the present embodiment with high accuracy.

  In addition, the physical property evaluation apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment includes a moving mechanism 80 and a control unit 180 that performs various controls including control of the moving speed and moving position of the moving mechanism 80 and control of the flow rate and flow velocity of the flowing liquid 32. I have. The moving mechanism 80 is, for example, a moving mechanism that can move the magnetic field applying unit 70, the sound wave generating unit 20, and the receiving unit 40 while maintaining the relative relationship and / or a moving mechanism that can move the table 60. It is. As the moving mechanism 80, a known mechanism (for example, a moving mechanism using a belt conveyor or a known moving robot) can be adopted. Further, a known flow control device can be employed for controlling the flow rate and flow velocity of the flowing liquid 32.

  Next, electrical wiring between the components related to the sound wave generator 20 and the receiver 40 in the physical property evaluation apparatus 100 will be described. FIG. 5 is a wiring diagram (partial circuit diagram) between components relating to the sound wave generation unit 20 and the reception unit 40 in the physical property evaluation apparatus. As shown in FIG. 5, the sound wave signal processing device 21 transmits various signals including transmission of a signal toward the sound wave generation unit 20, reception of a sound wave signal received by the sound wave generation unit 20, amplification thereof, and detection. Process. Further, a trigger signal (typically a signal for starting the A / D converter) is transmitted from the sound wave signal processing device 21 to the recording device S. Note that the sound wave reception signal can be used to confirm whether the sound wave is normally applied to the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 and whether the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 is slightly distorted.

  Further, the signal received by the receiving unit 40 is in a state where a capacitor (C1, C2 in FIG. 5) or the like is appropriately interposed so as to improve sensitivity to a sound wave signal frequency (for example, 10 MHz which is an ultrasonic wave). Input to amplifier 41 (eg, 40 dB low noise amplifier). The output signal of the amplifier 41 is selected by the band pass filter 42 in the vicinity of the frequency including the sound wave frequency. The output signal of the band-pass filter 42 is amplified by an amplifier 43 (for example, 46 dB low noise amplifier: manufactured by NF Circuit Design Block, model SA-230F5), and then the recording device S (for example, an A / D conversion function or software) Computer). In the present embodiment, it can be recorded as digital data in the recording device S. Note that the control unit 180 can also control the above-described operations of the sound wave generation unit 20 and the reception unit 40 (including the sound wave frequency and the sensitivity of the reception unit) illustrated in FIG. It is an aspect.

  Here, as a more preferable aspect, for example, a part of an input signal sent to the recording apparatus S is branched in parallel, and is observed using a known oscilloscope, or by a known data logger. Can be recorded. As another preferred embodiment, when the received electromagnetic wave intensity exceeds a threshold set in advance by the measurer, a warning sound is generated by a speaker or a warning screen is displayed by a display. it can. These warnings are extremely useful because, for example, it is possible to notify the manufacturer of the electrical steel sheet that there is a possibility that the electrical steel sheet 90 to be evaluated is in an abnormal state. In addition, for example, when a received electromagnetic wave intensity exceeds a threshold set in advance by a measurer, a mechanism for applying some kind of marking (for example, application of paint) on the surface of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 is provided. Is also a preferred embodiment.

(Example of evaluation results in this embodiment)
If the above-described physical property evaluation apparatus 100 is employed, signals (electromagnetic wave signals) for evaluating various characteristics of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 can be obtained by irradiating the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 with sound waves.

[1. Analysis of observed signals]
FIG. 6 is an example of signals observed by the physical property evaluation apparatus and physical property evaluation method of the present embodiment. FIG. 6A shows a sound wave signal emitted from the sound wave generator 20 which is a sound wave source. FIG. 6B shows a signal received by the receiving unit 40 (including an electromagnetic wave signal from the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 to be measured). In addition, FIG. 6C is an enlarged view of a part of FIG.

  As shown to Fig.6 (a), a large signal is recorded on the irradiated sound wave signal in two places, the irradiation timing and the timing which received the sound wave reflected by the electromagnetic steel plate 90. FIG. Further, the latter signal is a timing corresponding to the time for which the sound wave reaches a distance twice as long as the distance between the sound wave generation source and the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 (that is, the reciprocation time of the irradiated sound wave to the electromagnetic steel sheet 90). Has been observed. On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 6 (b) and 6 (c), the measurement target signal is observed at a time that is about half of the round-trip time of the sound wave. This is because the electromagnetic wave is generated. Therefore, since the measurement target signal is transmitted from the electromagnetic steel plate 90 to the receiving unit 20 at the speed of electromagnetic waves (that is, light), the measurement target signal is substantially at the time when the sound wave from the sound wave generation source reaches the electromagnetic steel plate 90. Will be observed.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 6B and 6C, the noise generated from the sound wave generation unit 20 is less than the time during which the sound wave propagates the distance from the sound wave generation unit 20 to the electromagnetic steel sheet 90. The time required to propagate the distance from the generation unit 20 to the reception unit 40 (about 10 μsec immediately after the sound wave generation) is shortened. Therefore, since the measurement target signal (electromagnetic wave signal from the electromagnetic steel sheet 90) that can be said to be a minute signal is temporally separated from noise, the measurement target signal can be acquired with higher accuracy. In particular, in the present embodiment, the noise generated from the sound wave generation unit 20 propagates the distance from the sound wave generation unit 20 to the reception unit 40 rather than the time during which the sound wave propagates the distance from the sound wave generation unit 20 to the electrical steel sheet 90. In order to shorten the time to perform with high accuracy, pulsed sound waves are emitted from the sound wave generator 20. More specifically, an example of a suitable irradiation time of one pulsed sound wave employed in the present embodiment is 0.1 μs to 0.5 μs.

  Here, a preferred example of moving the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 relative to the sound wave generation unit 20 is to generate sound waves so that the measurement target signal, which can be said to be a minute signal, is temporally separated from the noise described above. That is, the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 is moved relative to the part 20. More preferably, the sound wave generator 20 (more specifically, the sound wave source) and the electrical steel sheet 90 (more specifically, so that the signal to be measured is temporally separated from the noise described above. In other words, the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 is moved relative to the sound wave generator 20 while keeping the distance to the measurement target region (not limited to the outermost surface) substantially constant. Most typically, a mode in which the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 is relatively translated with respect to the sound wave generation unit 20 is employed.

  Note that one of the main features of the physical property evaluation apparatus and physical property evaluation method of the present embodiment is that the sound wave irradiation region, in other words, the evaluation possible region of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 is small. For example, when a focusing type sound wave generator is employed as the sound wave generating unit 20, it is possible to measure and evaluate the characteristic distribution of a sub-millimeter electromagnetic steel sheet. Furthermore, it is possible to measure and evaluate hysteresis and / or permeability even when a magnetic field less than the magnetic field strength that causes magnetic saturation is applied. This is advantageous. In other known measuring means or measuring methods, when the magnetization level is low, the magnetic flux is almost confined in the electromagnetic steel sheet 90. Therefore, in order to transmit a signal to the outside of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90, the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 is used. It is necessary to devise such as winding a coil throughout. However, as described above, in the physical property evaluation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, non-destructive and non-contact measurement and evaluation are possible, and more than three-quarters of the magnetic field strength that causes magnetic saturation. Even if it is less than half, the effect of this embodiment is produced.

  Furthermore, as one of the preferable modified examples of the physical property evaluation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, considering that the distortion of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 due to the irradiated sound wave is three-dimensional, the electromagnetic wave transmitted from the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 A configuration in which the receiving unit 40 is arranged at a position that matches the polarization direction can be employed. With the above-described configuration, it is possible to evaluate the anisotropy of magnetic characteristics.

[2.1. Example of a two-dimensional map using the signal to be measured]
FIG. 7 is an example of a two-dimensional map based on the strength of the measurement target signal obtained from the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 by the physical property evaluation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment. The two-dimensional map shown in FIG. 7 shows the intensity distribution of the measurement target signal (that is, the electromagnetic wave signal) in a square region having a length of 50 mm and a width of 50 mm on the surface of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90. In the present embodiment, a value obtained by integrating the intensity of the electromagnetic wave to be measured for a predetermined time is employed. As a result, the grayscale density distribution in FIG. 7 shows two-dimensionally the magnitude of the magnetic change due to the strain formed by the irradiated sound wave.

[3. Correlation between crystal orientation of electrical steel sheet and evaluation result of this embodiment]
The present inventors further provide the crystal orientation of the electrical steel sheet 90 to be evaluated and the above-described 2. The correlation with the evaluation result of the present embodiment obtained in the above was investigated.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram comparing the two-dimensional map (reference data) obtained as a result of analyzing the crystal orientation of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 using X-rays and the evaluation result (cited from FIG. 7) of the present embodiment described above. . In addition, the apparatus which acquired the reference data regarding a crystal orientation is the Rageku Co., Ltd. product and the Laue method automatic single crystal orientation measuring apparatus (model | form: RASCO-L).

  As shown in FIG. 8, it became clear that the evaluation result of this embodiment and the crystal orientation of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 have a fairly high correlation. Here, it is said that “iron loss” has a correlation with the crystal orientation distribution and hysteresis loss of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 (for example, “Metal”, Vol. 65, No. 3, pp 75-77 “ It is very interesting that the “iron loss” can be evaluated by the physical property evaluation apparatus and the physical property evaluation method of the present embodiment.

  The evaluation apparatus and evaluation method using X-rays used for acquiring the reference data are (1) the apparatus itself is large, (2) the sample for measurement is cut out from the electrical steel sheet and managed There is a problem that it is necessary to arrange in the apparatus, and (3) only the very surface of the electromagnetic steel sheet can be measured because X-rays are used. However, according to the physical property evaluation apparatus and the physical property evaluation method of the present embodiment, the above problems (1) to (3) can be solved. In particular, it is worth noting that it is not necessary to cut out a sample for measurement from an electrical steel sheet. In addition, because the characteristics of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 cannot be evaluated with high accuracy without acquiring not only the pole surface but also the information in the thickness direction where magnetic flux can be generated, the information on the deeper part is acquired compared to the evaluation by X-ray. The physical property evaluation apparatus and physical property evaluation method according to the present embodiment are very advantageous.

[4. Correlation between intensity change of applied magnetic field and intensity change of signal to be measured]
The present inventors examined whether or not the strength of the measurement target signal obtained from the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 changes when the strength of magnetization applied by the magnetic field application unit 70 is changed.

  FIG. 9 is a graph showing changes in the strength (voltage value) of the measurement target signal obtained from the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 when the strength (current value) of the magnetic field applied by the magnetic field application unit 70 is changed. In this investigation, after adopting an electromagnet as the magnetic field application unit 70, the strength of the magnetic field is changed by changing the current value. Further, circles, squares, and triangles in FIG. 9 indicate measurement points (coordinates) in the (X, Y) coordinates of FIG. 7, respectively.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the signal to be measured has a current value of more than 0A to 0.20A or less, more specifically, more than 0.02A to 0.15A or less, and more specifically, more than 0.02A to 0.14A or less. In spite of a very small current value, a large change in the signal to be measured was confirmed. This investigation revealed that the intensity of the electromagnetic wave, which is the signal to be measured, corresponds to the change in the BH curve of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90. From the results shown in FIG. 9, it can be said that the magnetic field strength, that is, the current value, for making the magnetic steel sheet 90 magnetically saturated in the present embodiment is 0.28 A or more. Therefore, as described above, if the physical property evaluation apparatus and the physical property evaluation method of the present embodiment are used, even if a so-called weak magnetic field (less than or less than half of the magnetic field intensity that causes magnetic saturation) is applied, the characteristics of the electrical steel sheet It was confirmed that it is possible to evaluate.

  If the physical property evaluation apparatus 100 and the physical property evaluation method of the present embodiment are adopted based on the results of each of the above-described investigations and evaluations, the physical properties of the two-dimensional electrical steel sheet 90 if a part of the two-dimensional thickness direction is included. Evaluation can be realized with non-destructive, non-contact and high spatial resolution. As a result, as in a second embodiment to be described later, by providing a certain threshold in advance for various measurement results or evaluation results of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90, it has stable characteristics, in other words, variations in characteristics. Production of a small number of electromagnetic steel sheets 90 can be realized.

<Second Embodiment>
In the present embodiment, an electromagnetic steel sheet manufacturing system 200 and an electromagnetic steel sheet manufacturing method will be described. In the present embodiment, the movable table 60 of the first embodiment is changed to the movable table 260 provided with a heater, and the heat treatment apparatus or heat treatment for the electromagnetic steel sheet 290 different from the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 is performed. The method is the same as the physical property evaluation apparatus 100 of the first embodiment except that the method is shown and the control unit 180 of the first embodiment is changed to the control unit 280. Therefore, the description which overlaps with 1st Embodiment may be abbreviate | omitted.

  FIG. 10 is a schematic side view (including a partial cross-sectional view) showing the configuration of the electromagnetic steel sheet manufacturing system 200 of the present embodiment. In addition to the function of the base 60 of the first embodiment, the base 260 of the electromagnetic steel sheet manufacturing system 200 includes a heating means (for example, a known heater) for the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 and / or the electromagnetic steel sheet 290. The electromagnetic steel plate 290 can be heated together with the table 260 or by a heat treatment apparatus (for example, a known lamp annealing apparatus) 262 different from the table 260. As another heat treatment apparatus, a known annealing furnace can be used in place of the above-described heat treatment apparatus or in combination with the above-described heat treatment apparatus.

  In addition to the functions of the control unit 180 of the first embodiment, the control unit 280 of the present embodiment uses a known computer, in addition to the sound wave generation unit 20, the propagation medium 30, and the magnetic field application unit of the manufacturing system 200. 70 and the measurement results of the physical properties of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 using the receiving unit 40 can be recorded and evaluated. In addition, the control unit 280 of the present embodiment controls the temperature of the above-described heating unit and heat treatment apparatus 262. In the present embodiment, the parameters to be “evaluated” include hysteresis, magnetostriction constant (and piezomagnetic constant approximately calculated based on the magnetostriction constant), and / or maximum magnetic flux density. It is.

  As a providing means for providing the signal received by the receiving section 40 to the control section 280, a known wired or known wireless communication means (including a known technique typified by a local area network or Internet line) is included. Can be adopted. In addition, the signal recording means in the present embodiment is not limited to a known recording medium such as an optical disk inserted in a hard disk drive or an optical disk drive provided in the control unit 280. For example, it is also possible to employ a known recording medium that is different from the place where the control unit 280 is arranged, for example, by using a known wireless communication means. Similarly, the evaluation based on the measurement result of the physical properties of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 may be performed by a known computer, for example, a remote place different from the place where the control unit 280 is arranged.

  An example of the manufacture of the electrical steel sheet based on the specific evaluation and the evaluation result is as follows.

In the electromagnetic steel sheet manufacturing system 200 of the present embodiment, a numerical range preset by a measurer and recorded in the control unit 280 or other recording medium described above (in other words, a characteristic suitable as a product). The allowable value range of the magnetic steel sheet recognized) is a value evaluated based on the electromagnetic wave signal of the magnetic steel sheet 90 received by the receiving unit 40, more directly based on the intensity of the signal provided by the providing means described above. When the value exceeds or the evaluated value is smaller than the numerical range, the control unit 280 instructs to perform at least one of the following (a) to (d).
(A) Heat treatment of electromagnetic steel sheet 90 that is the object of evaluation (measurement) (b) Heat treatment of electromagnetic steel sheet 290 different from the object of evaluation (measurement) (c) Physical property evaluation of electromagnetic steel sheet 90 after heat treatment (d ) Re-evaluation of Physical Properties of Electromagnetic Steel Plate 290 After Heat Treatment Note that the heat treatment of the electromagnetic steel plate 90 and / or the electromagnetic steel plate 290 different from the electromagnetic steel plate 90 is performed together with the stand 260 or a heat treatment apparatus 262 different from the stand 260. Is done by.

  As described above, one of the features of the electrical steel sheet manufacturing system 200 according to the present embodiment is based on the measurement results of the properties of the electrical steel sheet 90 according to the configuration of a part of the manufacturing system 200, and The heat treatment can be applied to the electromagnetic steel plate 290 different from the steel plate 90. Specifically, for example, in a mode in which a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets are continuously transferred to the manufacturing system 200 by a belt conveyor, the heat treatment of the electromagnetic steel sheets is performed by one electromagnetic wave subjected to physical property evaluation by the manufacturing system 200. It can be performed not only on steel sheets but also on other electromagnetic steel sheets before and after the electromagnetic steel sheets whose physical properties are evaluated. Therefore, according to the electromagnetic steel sheet manufacturing system 200 of the present embodiment, it is possible to manufacture with high accuracy an electromagnetic steel sheet having small physical property values and / or excellent characteristics.

  When the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 is used as a reference sample instead of a product, only the above (b) and (d) can be performed. Moreover, in order to manufacture an electrical steel sheet having higher accuracy, less variation in physical property values, and / or superior characteristics, at least two of the above-described (a) to (d), more preferably (a All implementations of) to (d) are adopted.

<Other embodiment (1)>
In each of the above-described embodiments, by arranging a plurality of receiving units 40, for example, an electromagnetic wave signal from the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 decomposed into X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis components can be acquired. FIG. 11A shows a physical property evaluation apparatus or an electrical steel sheet that includes three receiving units 40a, 40b, and 40c arranged to acquire an electromagnetic wave signal that is decomposed into X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis components. It is the side view (a part of sectional view is included) which extracted a part of system composition. Moreover, FIG.11 (b) is another side view (a partial cross-sectional view is included) which extracted a part of structure of this physical property evaluation apparatus or this manufacturing system. Moreover, FIG.11 (c) is the top view which extracted a part of structure of this physical-property evaluation apparatus or this manufacturing system. Note that the cover of the receiving unit 40c in FIG. 11B is omitted for easy understanding of the drawing. Moreover, the area | region shown by U1 enclosed with the broken line has shown one unit evaluation area | region measurement part (U1) in other embodiment (5) mentioned later for convenience.

  If the receiving units 40a, 40b, and 40c are coils, the central axis of the coil is arranged so as to be parallel to the direction of the component to be disassembled as much as possible, that is, the directions of the X, Y, and Z axes. It is preferable.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, by adopting the same configuration as the first or second embodiment for the configuration other than the configuration shown in FIG. It is possible to manufacture electromagnetic steel sheets.

<Other embodiment (2)>
In each of the above-described embodiments, the magnetic field application unit 70 is provided below the movable bases 60 and 260, but the position of the magnetic field application unit 70 is not limited to such a position. For example, as with the sound wave generation unit 20, the propagation medium 30, and the reception unit 40, the magnetic field application unit 70 may be disposed above the movable bases 60 and 260, which is another aspect that can be employed. . In an example of this aspect, the magnetic field application unit 70 is disposed so as to cover the sound wave generation unit 20, the propagation medium 30, and the reception unit 40.

<Other embodiment (3)>
Moreover, in each above-mentioned embodiment, although the electromagnet is employ | adopted as the magnetic field application part 70, the magnetic field application part 70 is not limited to an electromagnet. For example, the magnetic field application unit 70 being a permanent magnet is another aspect that can be employed.

<Other embodiment (4)>
In addition, in the physical property evaluation apparatus 100 or the electrical steel sheet manufacturing system 200, for example, in addition to the configuration of the physical property evaluation apparatus or the manufacturing system shown in the other embodiment (1), air is supplied to the electrical steel sheet 90 and the flowing liquid 32. The structure which sprays toward can be employ | adopted. FIG. 12 is a plan view of a part of the configuration of the physical property evaluation apparatus or the manufacturing system, showing a state where air or nitrogen is blown toward the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 and the flowing liquid 32. From the air supply source 58 whose flow rate is controlled by the control units 180 and 280 of the first embodiment or the second embodiment (not shown), the air flows through the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 and the flowing liquid 32 via the hoses 56 and 56. It is sprayed toward. As shown in FIG. 12, the flowing liquid 32 can be deflected from the receiving units 40 a, 40 b, and 40 c by blowing air toward the electromagnetic steel plate 90 and the flowing liquid 32. In addition, the gas sprayed is not limited to air. For example, instead of air, dry air or nitrogen can be employed.

  If the above-described configuration is adopted, it is possible to suppress or prevent the measurement results from being affected with high accuracy by contact with the liquid 32 through which the receivers 40, 40a, 40b, and 40c flow. In this example, three receiving units 40a, 40b, and 40c are used, but the number and position of the receiving units are not limited. Needless to say, the configuration of this example can also be adopted in the first embodiment.

<Other embodiment (5)>
Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the magnetic steel sheet is made efficient by performing physical property evaluation of a plurality of locations or regions in the magnetic steel sheet without including the moving mechanism (the moving mechanism 80 in the first and second embodiments). Evaluation or manufacturing is also another aspect that can be employed.

  FIG. 13 is a plan view corresponding to FIG. 11C of a physical property evaluation system 300 that is an example of a physical property evaluation system that does not include a moving mechanism. In FIG. 13, the receiving units 40 a, 40 b, 40 c and the sound wave generating unit 20 for acquiring the electromagnetic wave signal from the electromagnetic steel plate 90 decomposed into the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis components shown in FIG. An example in which a plurality of unit evaluation region measurement units (U1) are provided as the unit evaluation region measurement unit (U1) is shown. Moreover, in the example shown by FIG. 13, the unit evaluation area | region measurement part (U1) arranged in a line is shown. In addition, wiring and peripheral parts are omitted for easy viewing of the drawing.

  By adopting the above-described configuration, the relative position between the sound wave generation unit and the reception unit does not move, and / or the magnetic field application unit is in a state where the relative position does not vary due to the relationship between the sound wave generation unit and the reception unit. In addition, the electrical steel sheet 90 can be efficiently evaluated or manufactured by performing physical property evaluation of a plurality of locations or regions in the electrical steel sheet 90 at one time or sequentially. In addition, as described above, whether to measure at a time or sequentially is selected as appropriate depending on conditions or conditions for evaluating the physical properties of the electrical steel sheet.

Therefore, in the physical property evaluation method of this embodiment, at least the application process and the reception process shown in the following (P1) and (P2) are performed.
(P1) An application step of applying a magnetic field less than the magnetic field strength at which the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 is magnetically saturated to be greater than zero to the electromagnetic steel sheet 90. (P2) The electromagnetic steel sheet 90 and a sound wave generation unit that is an example of a sound wave generation source. The electromagnetic waves generated from the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 in the above-described magnetic field are received by the receivers 40a, 40b, and 40c by propagating the sound waves from the sound wave generation source to the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 with the liquid flowing therebetween. Reception process

  Further, in the example shown in FIG. 13, even if a moving mechanism that moves relative to the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 is provided to evaluate the entire plane of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90, It is not necessary to provide a moving mechanism that can move in both the vertical and horizontal directions. In other words, the entire plane of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 can be made efficient simply by adopting a relatively simple moving mechanism (typically, a moving mechanism that enables relative movement in only one of the vertical direction and the horizontal direction). Has the advantage of being able to be evaluated Accordingly, those skilled in the art can understand that the provision of a plurality of unit evaluation region measurement units represented by the unit evaluation region measurement unit (U1) does not determine the presence or absence of the moving mechanism.

  By the way, although the accommodating part 50, the cover 44, and the liquid 32 in FIG. 11 comprise one of the elements of the physical property evaluation system 30, since the aspect in which the accommodating part 50 and the liquid 32 are arrange | positioned can consider various states. The unit evaluation region measurement unit (U1) does not necessarily include the storage unit 50, the cover 44, and the liquid 32. For example, a configuration in which one supply unit that supplies the liquid 32 collectively supplies the liquid 32 to all of the plurality of unit evaluation region measurement units (U1) illustrated in FIG. It is an aspect. In this embodiment, the unit evaluation region measurement unit (U1) is allowed to include the storage unit 50, the cover 44, and the liquid 32.

  For the magnetic field application unit 70 not shown, the number of magnetic field application units 70 corresponding to each unit evaluation region measurement unit (U1) shown in FIG. One or a plurality of magnetic field application units 70 corresponding to the measurement unit (U1) may be provided. Therefore, the number of magnetic field application units 70 can be selected as appropriate.

  In addition, in this embodiment, the configuration of the physical property evaluation apparatus including the three receiving units 40a, 40b, and 40c shown in FIG. 11 is adopted, but this embodiment is not limited to such a configuration. For example, instead of the configuration of the physical property evaluation apparatus illustrated in FIG. 11, only one receiving unit 40 may be employed as in the physical property evaluation apparatus 100 or the electrical steel sheet manufacturing system 200 of the first embodiment, or In another preferable aspect, it is also possible to adopt other configurations shown in the physical property evaluation apparatus 100 or the electromagnetic steel sheet manufacturing system 200, or to adopt the configurations shown in the other embodiment (4). is there.

<Other embodiment (6)>
FIG. 14 is a plan view corresponding to FIG. 11C of a physical property evaluation system 400 that is another example of a physical property evaluation system that does not include a moving mechanism. The physical property evaluation system 400 is different from the physical property evaluation system 300 in that unit evaluation region measurement units (U1) extending over a plurality of columns are provided. Therefore, the description overlapping with the description in the physical property evaluation system 300 can be omitted. In addition, also in the physical property evaluation method of this embodiment, at least the application step and the reception step shown in (P1) and (P2) described in the other embodiment (5) are performed.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 14, since the unit evaluation region measurement units (U1) extending over a plurality of rows are provided, a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets 90 in both the longitudinal direction and the horizontal direction are provided. It is possible to perform physical property evaluation of the place or region at once or sequentially. As a result, the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 can be efficiently evaluated or manufactured.

  In addition, as with the physical property evaluation system 300, even if a moving mechanism that moves relative to the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 is provided in order to evaluate the entire plane of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90, relatively simple movement is possible. The entire plane of the electromagnetic steel sheet 90 can be efficiently evaluated only by adopting a mechanism (typically, a moving mechanism that enables relative movement in only one of the vertical direction and the horizontal direction).

  The disclosure of each of the above-described embodiments is described for explaining the embodiments, and is not described for limiting the present invention. In addition, modifications within the scope of the present invention including other combinations of the embodiments are also included in the claims.

  The physical property evaluation apparatus, physical property evaluation method, electrical steel sheet manufacturing system, and electrical steel sheet manufacturing method of the present invention are extremely useful in various industries that utilize current and future electrical steel sheets.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Evaluation system 20 Sound wave generation part 30 Sound wave propagation medium 32 Flowing liquid 40, 40a, 40b, 40c Reception part 44 Cover 50 Storage part 52 Liquid storage part 54 Hose 60,260 stand 70 Magnetic field application part 80 Moving mechanism 90,290 Electrical steel plate 100,300,400 Physical property evaluation apparatus 180,280 Control unit 200 Magnetic steel sheet manufacturing system

Claims (18)

A sound wave generator for irradiating the electrical steel sheet with sound waves;
A magnetic field application unit that applies a magnetic field that is greater than zero and less than the magnetic field strength at which the electromagnetic steel sheet is magnetically saturated,
In the magnetic field, including a receiving unit that receives electromagnetic waves generated from the electromagnetic steel sheet by the sound waves,
The sound wave generation unit is configured such that a flow of liquid for propagating the sound wave to the electromagnetic steel plate is interposed between the sound wave generation unit and the electromagnetic steel plate, and the relative relationship between the sound wave generation unit and the reception unit. Arranged so that the position is constant,
Physical property evaluation device. A sound wave generator for irradiating the electrical steel sheet with sound waves;
A magnetic field application unit that applies a magnetic field that is greater than zero and less than the magnetic field strength at which the electromagnetic steel sheet is magnetically saturated,
In the magnetic field, a receiving unit that receives electromagnetic waves generated from the magnetic steel sheet by the sound waves;
The relative position between the sound wave generating unit and the receiving unit is constant in a state where a flowing liquid for propagating the sound wave to the magnetic steel plate is interposed between the sound wave generating unit and the electromagnetic steel plate. A moving mechanism for moving the electromagnetic steel sheet relative to the sound wave generator,
Physical property evaluation device. The time for the noise generated from the sound wave generator to propagate the distance from the sound wave generator to the receiver is shorter than the time for the sound wave to propagate the distance from the sound wave generator to the electromagnetic steel sheet,
The physical property evaluation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2. Unit evaluation area measuring unit consisting of front Symbol wave generating unit and the reception unit, provided with a plurality,
The physical property evaluation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The liquid flows in a flow path comprising a metal surface;
The physical property evaluation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The magnetic field application unit is an electromagnet;
The physical property evaluation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The receiver is arranged to suppress or prevent contact with the liquid using a non-metallic and non-magnetic cover;
The physical property evaluation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6. The jet part is further provided, and the jet part is arranged so that the gas jetted from the jet part suppresses or prevents the liquid from contacting the receiving part.
The physical property evaluation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7. Applying a magnetic field of less than the magnetic field strength at which the magnetic steel sheet is magnetically saturated with respect to the magnetic steel sheet, greater than zero; and
An electromagnetic wave generated from the electromagnetic steel sheet in the magnetic field is received by propagating a sound wave from the sound wave generation source to the electromagnetic steel sheet in a state where a liquid flowing between the electromagnetic steel sheet and the sound wave generation source is interposed. Receiving by receiving,
Physical property evaluation method. Applying a magnetic field of less than the magnetic field strength at which the magnetic steel sheet is magnetically saturated with respect to the magnetic steel sheet, greater than zero; and
An electromagnetic wave generated from the electromagnetic steel sheet in the magnetic field is received by propagating a sound wave from the sound wave generation source to the electromagnetic steel sheet in a state where a liquid flowing between the electromagnetic steel sheet and the sound wave generation source is interposed. A receiving step for receiving by:
Moving the electromagnetic steel sheet relative to the sound wave source with a relative position between the sound wave source and the receiving unit being constant,
Physical property evaluation method. The time for the noise generated from the sound wave generation source to propagate the distance from the sound wave generation source to the receiving unit is shorter than the time for the sound wave to propagate the distance from the sound wave generation source to the electromagnetic steel plate,
The physical property evaluation method according to claim 9 or 10. The liquid flows in a flow path comprising a metal surface;
The physical property evaluation method according to any one of claims 9 to 11. In the receiving step, the non-metallic and non-magnetic cover suppresses or prevents contact between the receiving unit and the liquid,
The physical property evaluation method according to any one of claims 9 to 12. In the receiving step, the contact between the receiver and the liquid is suppressed or prevented by the jetted gas,
The physical property evaluation method according to any one of claims 9 to 13. Applying a magnetic field of less than the magnetic field strength at which the magnetic steel sheet is magnetically saturated with respect to the magnetic steel sheet, greater than zero; and
An electromagnetic wave generated from the electromagnetic steel sheet in the magnetic field is received by propagating a sound wave from the sound wave generation source to the electromagnetic steel sheet in a state where a liquid flowing between the electromagnetic steel sheet and the sound wave generation source is interposed. A receiving step for receiving by:
A moving step of moving the electromagnetic steel sheet relative to the sound wave generation source in which a relative position between the sound wave generation source and the receiving unit is constant;
Providing a signal received by the receiving step;
Heating the electromagnetic steel plate different from the electromagnetic steel plate and / or the electromagnetic steel plate based on the signal provided by the providing step,
A method for producing electrical steel sheets. The time for the noise generated from the sound wave generation source to propagate the distance from the sound wave generation source to the receiving unit is shorter than the time for the sound wave to propagate the distance from the sound wave generation source to the electromagnetic steel plate,
The method for manufacturing an electrical steel sheet according to claim 15. A sound wave generator for irradiating the electrical steel sheet with sound waves;
A magnetic field application unit that applies a magnetic field that is greater than zero and less than the magnetic field strength at which the electromagnetic steel sheet is magnetically saturated,
In the magnetic field, a receiving unit that receives electromagnetic waves generated from the magnetic steel sheet by the sound waves;
The relative position between the sound wave generating unit and the receiving unit is constant in a state where a flowing liquid for propagating the sound wave to the magnetic steel plate is interposed between the sound wave generating unit and the electromagnetic steel plate. A moving mechanism for moving the electromagnetic steel sheet relative to the sound wave generator;
Providing means for providing a signal received by the receiving unit;
A heating unit that heats the electromagnetic steel sheet and / or the electromagnetic steel sheet different from the electromagnetic steel sheet based on the signal provided by the providing means;
Electrical steel sheet manufacturing system. The time for the noise generated from the sound wave generator to propagate the distance from the sound wave generator to the receiver is shorter than the time for the sound wave to propagate the distance from the sound wave generator to the electromagnetic steel sheet,
The manufacturing system of the electrical steel sheet of Claim 17.

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