JP6300148B2 - Solar power generation device management device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar power generation device management apparatus for managing the power generation output of a solar power generation device including a solar cell module.

  Conventionally, by calculating the normal reference output characteristics according to the installation conditions of the photovoltaic power generation device and comparing the output characteristics and the reference output characteristics of the operating photovoltaic power generation device, whether the photovoltaic power generation device is normal A diagnostic technique for determining whether there is an abnormality has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In addition, a technique for diagnosing abnormality of the solar cell module by calculating the expected output power of the solar cell module from the sunshine situation and comparing the measured power generation output with the expected output power has been proposed. (For example, refer to Patent Document 2). The sunshine situation includes the case where the temperature includes not only the illuminance but also the temperature.

  The technologies described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 are based on the output expected to be generated by sunlight, and by comparing the actually generated output with the reference output, Diagnosing abnormality of solar power generation device.

  In Patent Document 1, the diagnosis reference value includes installation conditions (latitude, longitude, topography, weather conditions, etc.), installation orientation (16 orientations), installation angle (tilt angle with respect to the ground surface), and configuration (type of solar cell). , The number of cells in series, the total area of the cells, the panel area) and the like. Moreover, in patent document 2, the output characteristic model for estimating an electric power generation output from a sunshine condition is stored in the output characteristic model storage part. The output characteristic model storage unit stores an output characteristic model for each solar cell module.

JP 2001-326375 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-233584

  All of the techniques described in Patent Document 1 require a large amount of information for predicting the output of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus, and the technique described in Patent Document 2 is used unless an output characteristic model is generated. Can not do it.

  An object of this invention is to provide the management apparatus of the solar power generation device which enabled it to evaluate the power generation output of a solar power generation device simply.

The present invention is a management device for a solar power generation device including a solar cell module, the first acquisition unit for acquiring a nominal value related to the power generation output of the solar cell module, and the solar radiation intensity at the installation location of the solar cell module And the 2nd acquisition part which acquires the temperature of the said solar cell module as environmental information, the 3rd acquisition part which acquires the actual value regarding the electric power generation output of the said solar power generation device, and the said 1st acquisition part acquire Based on the nominal value and the environmental information acquired by the second acquisition unit, a processing unit that estimates a power generation output of the solar power generation device, and a power generation output estimated by the processing unit as a first power generation and an output, said third actual measurement value acquisition unit is about the power generation output obtained as the second power output, the output unit to be displayed on the display device and the second power output from the first power output, Comprising an input section for serial information for specifying the specifications of the solar cell module identification information is input, wherein the processing unit calculates the proper range for the second power output based on the first power output And the said output part displays the said appropriate range on the said display apparatus, and the said 1st acquisition part matches beforehand with the said identification information, and the said nominal value for every specification of the said solar cell module is memorize | stored. The nominal value corresponding to the identification information input to the input unit is acquired from a storage unit .

  In this solar power generation device management device, the solar cell constituting the solar cell array in order for the processing unit to estimate the power generation output of the solar cell array in which a plurality of the solar cell modules are electrically connected. It further includes a fourth acquisition unit that acquires configuration information that is information related to the connection relationship of modules, and the processing unit acquires the nominal value acquired by the first acquisition unit and the second acquisition unit. It is preferable to estimate the power generation output of the solar power generation device based on the configuration information acquired by the fourth acquisition unit in addition to the environmental information.

  In this solar power generation device management apparatus, the solar cell array includes a plurality of strings in which a plurality of the solar cell modules are connected in series, and the plurality of the strings are connected in parallel. More preferably.

  In the management device of the solar power generation device, the processing unit determines that the solar power generation device is normal when the second power generation output is within the appropriate range, and the second power generation output is the proper power output. It is preferable to determine that the photovoltaic power generation apparatus is abnormal when it deviates from the range.

  In the management device of the solar power generation device, the first power generation output and the second power generation output are a maximum power value, an open-circuit voltage value, and a short-circuit current value, and the processing unit has a maximum power value, It is preferable to determine whether or not the open-circuit voltage value and the short-circuit current value are within the appropriate ranges, respectively, and further to determine the presence / absence of the solar power generation device and the location of the abnormality based on the combination of the determination results. .

  In this solar power generation device management device, the first power generation output and the second power generation output are maximum power values, and the appropriate range is equal to or greater than a reference ratio with respect to the maximum power value that is the first power generation output. It is preferable to set in the range.

  In this solar power generation device management device, the first power generation output and the second power generation output are open-circuit voltage values, and the appropriate range is relative to the open-circuit voltage value that is the first power generation output. It is preferable that the open circuit voltage value is set to be included in a range not less than the first ratio and not more than the second ratio.

  In the management device of the solar power generation device, the first power generation output and the second power generation output are short circuit current values, and the appropriate range is a reference ratio with respect to the short circuit current value that is the first power generation output. It is preferable to set in the above range.

  In this solar power generation device management device, it is preferable that the output unit displays the second power generation output and the appropriate range numerically on the display device.

  In this solar power generation device management device, it is preferable that the output unit display the second power generation output and the appropriate range in a graph on the display device.

  In the management device for the solar power generation device, it is preferable that the output unit displays the second power generation output and the appropriate range on the same screen of the display device.

  In this solar power generation device management device, the solar power generation device further includes a power conditioner that performs power conversion of DC power output from the solar cell module, and the processing unit includes the first acquisition unit. In addition to the nominal value acquired by the second acquisition unit and the environmental information acquired by the second acquisition unit, the power generation output of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus is estimated based on the power conversion efficiency by the power conditioner, It is preferable that a 3rd acquisition part acquires the actual value regarding the electric power generation output of the said solar power generation device from the said power conditioner.

  According to the structure of this invention, the power generation output of a solar power generation device is estimated by using the nominal value regarding the power generation output of a solar cell module, and solar radiation intensity | strength and temperature. In other words, by simply using the nominal values that can be easily obtained as the manufacturer's specifications for solar cell modules that make up the solar power generation device, and the solar radiation intensity and temperature that have a large effect on the power generation output, the appropriate range for the actual power generation output can be easily achieved. Can be determined. In other words, there is an advantage that the power generation output of the solar power generation apparatus can be easily evaluated.

It is a block diagram which shows embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the solar cell array used for embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of a characteristic of the solar cell array used for embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of a characteristic of the solar cell array used for embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of a display in embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of a display in embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of a display in embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of a display in embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the management device 10 described below manages a solar power generation device 20 including a solar cell module 21. The management device 10 includes a first acquisition unit 11, a second acquisition unit 12, a third acquisition unit 13, a processing unit 15, and an output unit 16. The first acquisition unit 11 acquires a nominal value related to the power generation output of the solar cell module 21. The second acquisition unit 12 acquires the solar radiation intensity at the installation location of the solar cell module 21 and the temperature of the solar cell module 21 as environmental information. The third acquisition unit 13 acquires an actual measurement value related to the power generation output of the solar power generation device 20. The processing unit 15 estimates the power generation output of the solar power generation device 20 based on the nominal value acquired by the first acquisition unit 11 and the environmental information acquired by the second acquisition unit 12. The output unit 16 uses the power generation output estimated by the processing unit 15 as the first power generation output, and the measured value related to the power generation output acquired by the third acquisition unit 13 as the second power generation output. The power generation output of 2 is displayed on the display device 30. Further, the processing unit 15 calculates an appropriate range related to the second power generation output based on the first power generation output, and the output unit 16 causes the display device 30 to display the appropriate range.

  The management device 10 is connected to the solar cell modules 21 constituting the solar cell array 22 in order for the processing unit 15 to estimate the power generation output of the solar cell array 22 to which the plurality of solar cell modules 21 are electrically connected. It is desirable to further include a fourth acquisition unit 14 that acquires configuration information, which is information regarding. In this case, the processing unit 15 is based on the configuration information acquired by the fourth acquisition unit 14 in addition to the nominal value acquired by the first acquisition unit 11 and the environmental information acquired by the second acquisition unit 12. It is desirable to estimate the power generation output of the solar power generation device 20.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the solar cell array 22 preferably includes a plurality of strings 23 in which a plurality of solar cell modules 21 are connected in series, and the plurality of strings 23 are connected in parallel. .

  The management device 10 preferably further includes an input unit 17 to which identification information that is information for specifying the specifications of the solar cell module 21 is input. In this case, the 1st acquisition part 11 respond | corresponds to the identification information input into the input part 17 from the memory | storage part 18 in which the nominal value for every specification of the solar cell module 21 was beforehand matched with identification information. It is desirable to obtain a nominal value.

  Hereinafter, this embodiment will be described in more detail. As shown in FIG. 1, the solar power generation device 20 includes a solar cell array 22 that generates direct-current power upon receiving sunlight, and a power conditioner that performs power conversion of the direct-current power output from the solar cell array 22. 25. The power conditioner 25 is generally provided with a configuration that converts DC power into AC power in order to link with the power system, but in order to use the DC power output from the solar power generation device 20 with a load. In some cases, a configuration for converting to a direct current power (constant voltage or constant current) is employed.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the solar cell array 22 includes a plurality of strings 23 in which a plurality of panel-shaped solar cell modules 21 are connected in series. A plurality of strings 23 are connected in parallel. That is, the solar cell array 22 is an aggregate of solar cell modules 21 in which a plurality of solar cell modules 21 are connected in a predetermined relationship. Hereinafter, the power generation output of the solar power generation device 20 will be described with respect to the solar cell array 22, but the technology described below is applied to the power generation output of the single solar cell module 21 or the power generation output of the string 23. I will not prevent it.

  In the solar cell module 21, the nominal values regarding the maximum output, the open circuit voltage, the short circuit current, and the like differ depending on the type of product. Here, the nominal value is used in the meaning of the specification value (spec value) published by the manufacturer that manufactures the solar cell module 21. In this embodiment, the current-voltage characteristic and the power-voltage characteristic regarding the power generation output of the solar cell module 21 are also included in the nominal value.

  In the solar cell array 22, the number of solar cell modules 21 constituting the string 23 and the number of strings 23 connected in parallel are designed so that the maximum output, the maximum operating voltage, the maximum operating current, and the like become desired values. . That is, the connection relationship of the solar cell modules 21 constituting the solar cell array 22 is determined so that the maximum output, the maximum operating voltage, the maximum operating current, and the like of the solar cell array 22 are set to desired values.

  Now, regarding the solar cell module 21 used to configure the solar cell array 22, the maximum output is about 240 W, the maximum operating voltage is about 45 V, the maximum operating current is about 5.5 A, the open circuit voltage is about 55 V, and the short-circuit current is 6 A. Assume that it is a degree. In addition, each value regarding the solar cell module 21 is a nominal value. If such a solar cell module 21 is used to form a solar cell array 22 having an output voltage of about 130 V and a maximum output of about 10 kW, a string 23 composed of 14 solar cell modules 21 is formed. Three will be used.

  In the case of a small-scale solar cell array 22 used for a house, the maximum output is often about 3 to 5 kW, and in the case of the solar cell array 22 installed on the roof of an apartment house or various facilities, the maximum output is Often 50 kW or less. In the case of a so-called mega solar, the output power is 1 MW or more. Furthermore, the DC power output from the solar cell array 22 is often converted to AC power for supply to the power system, but may be used in the form of DC power without being converted to AC power. Note that the power conditioner 25 has a function of converting DC power output from the solar cell array 22 into power corresponding to the usage destination.

  As can be seen from the above description, the connection destination of the power system differs depending on the application of the solar cell array 22. Therefore, the number of solar cell modules 21 constituting the string 23 and the number of strings 23 constituting the solar cell array 22 are designed according to the use of the solar cell array 22.

  By the way, after the solar cell array 22 is installed, it is necessary to inspect whether or not a required output can be obtained from the solar cell array 22. In this inspection, not only whether or not the solar cell module 21 is properly connected, but also the failure of the solar cell module 21 and the environment of the place where the solar cell array 22 is installed must be considered.

  In the present embodiment, the management device 10 estimates the output of the installed solar cell array 22, thereby making it possible to determine whether the output of the solar cell array 22 is normal. In order to estimate the output of the solar cell array 22, the nominal value regarding the power generation output of the solar cell module 21 constituting the solar cell array 22, the information (environment information) regarding the environment of the place where the solar cell array 22 is installed, and is necessary. Moreover, since the solar cell array 22 is an aggregate of a plurality of solar cell modules 21, in order to estimate the output of the solar cell array 22, information on connection relations of the solar cell modules 21 constituting the solar cell array 22. Is also necessary.

  The management device 10 includes a first acquisition unit 11 in order to acquire a nominal value related to the power generation output of the solar cell module 21. The nominal value regarding the power generation output of the solar cell module 21 is associated with information (identification information) that specifies the specifications of the solar cell module 21.

  The nominal value related to the power generation output of the solar cell module 21 includes, for example, at least one nominal value of maximum output, maximum operating voltage, maximum operating current, open circuit voltage, and short circuit current. In addition, regarding the power generation output of the solar cell module 21, it is preferable that at least the current-voltage characteristic of the current-voltage characteristic and the power-voltage characteristic is associated with the identification information. The identification information that identifies the specifications of the solar cell module 21 is selected from the model number, product number, product number, etc. of the solar cell module 21.

  Here, the model number is identification information given to the solar cell module 21 having the same electrical specification, and the product number is identification information given to distinguish the product color and the like for the solar cell module 21 having the same model number. The number is used in the meaning of the identification information given to each product. Therefore, any of the model number, the product number, and the product number can be associated with the nominal value related to the power generation output of the solar cell module 21.

  That is, since the model number and the product number are associated with the information on the power generation output of the solar cell module 21, if either the model number or the product number is known, the power generation output of the solar cell module 21 is obtained through the first acquisition unit 11. It is possible to know. The product number can be handled in the same manner as the model number or the product number. However, when all the solar cell modules 21 are inspected, if the product number is known, the individual power generation output is known for each product number. It becomes possible.

  Identification information (model number, product number, or product number) is input by the user to the input device 31 attached to the management device 10. The input device 31 provides identification information to the processing unit 15 through the input unit 17 provided in the management device 10.

  The input device 31 is an operating device operated by a user, and may be a touch panel integrated with the above-described display device 30 in addition to a mechanical switch such as a numeric keypad. When a flat panel display such as a liquid crystal display is used as the display device 30 and a touch panel superimposed on the screen of the flat panel display is used as the input device 31, one operation indicator is also used as the display device 30 and the input device 31. be able to. This type of operation indicator can be configured as a dedicated device for the management device 10, but allows an existing operation indicator such as a smartphone or a tablet terminal to execute an application program and function as an operation indicator for the management device 10. It is possible.

  Data in which the nominal value related to the power generation output of the solar cell module 21 is associated with the identification information is stored in advance in the storage unit 18 provided in the management device 10. Therefore, when identification information is given to the processing unit 15 through the input unit 17, the first acquisition unit 11 acquires information on the power generation output from the storage unit 18.

  However, each time a new product of the solar cell module 21 is put on the market, it takes time to update the information stored in the storage unit 18 of the management device 10, and it is possible to deal with the new product if the update is delayed. It may not be possible. Therefore, the 1st acquisition part 11 in the management apparatus 10 may be comprised so that the information regarding the electric power generation output of the solar cell module 21 may be acquired through telecommunication lines like the internet. In this case, the computer server connected to the telecommunication line stores the identification information and the power generation output of the solar cell module 21 in association with each other. The first acquisition unit 11 acquires the nominal value of the power generation output by notifying the computer server of the identification information input from the input device 31 to the input unit 17.

  The nominal value acquired by the first acquisition unit 11 may be directly input to the input device 31 by the user without collating with the identification information of the solar cell module 21. That is, when the user can obtain the specifications of the solar cell module 21, the user reads the nominal value related to the power generation output and inputs the nominal value to the input device 31, and the first acquisition unit 11 acquires the input nominal value. It may be.

  In the present embodiment, the environment where the solar cell module 21 is installed means an environment that affects the output of the solar cell module 21. As shown in FIG. 3, the current value of the power generation output of the solar cell module 21 varies depending on the intensity of solar radiation applied to the solar cell module 21, and the voltage of the power generation output of the solar cell module 21. The value varies depending on the temperature of the solar cell module 21.

  Therefore, the main elements to be noted in the environment related to the installation location of the solar cell module 21 are the solar radiation intensity (or solar radiation amount) received by the solar cell module 21 and the temperature of the solar cell module 21. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a first sensor 261 that measures the solar radiation intensity (or solar radiation amount) received by the solar cell module 21, and a second sensor 262 that measures the temperature of the solar cell module 21. Is provided. Hereinafter, a configuration is assumed in which the first sensor 261 measures the solar radiation intensity, and the solar radiation intensity is obtained by integrating the solar radiation intensity as necessary in the processing unit 15 of the management apparatus 10.

  In the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the first sensor 261 and the second sensor 262 are connected to the management device 10 provided attached to the solar cell array 22. However, as will be described later, the management device 10 may be provided separately without being attached to the solar cell array 22, and the management device 10 is measured by the first sensor 261 and the second sensor 262. May be manually input.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the management device 10 includes a second acquisition unit 12 that acquires information about the environment at the installation location of the solar cell array 22 from the sensor 26 as environmental information. As described above, since the environmental information is mainly the solar radiation intensity and the temperature, the sensor 26 includes a first sensor 261 that measures the solar radiation intensity and a second sensor 262 that measures the temperature.

  Since it is necessary for the first sensor 261 to measure the solar radiation intensity to the solar cell array 22, it is desirable to receive solar radiation from the same direction as the solar radiation received by the solar cell array 22. However, since the plurality of solar cell modules 21 constituting the solar cell array 22 are not necessarily arranged in the same direction, the first sensor 261 is arranged at least for each direction of the solar cell module 21. Is desirable. Furthermore, when the solar cell array 22 is configured to track the direction of the sun, the direction of the first sensor 261 is also changed according to the direction of the solar cell array 22.

  Further, in the case of the solar cell array 22 in which a large number of solar cell modules 21 are arranged, shade due to clouds, buildings, or standing trees may be formed only in a part of the solar cell array 22. Therefore, although the structure which provides the 1st sensor 261 for every solar cell module 21 can be considered, since this structure becomes expensive, it cannot be said that it is desirable. In this embodiment, the average value of the solar radiation intensity measured by the first sensors 261 arranged at a plurality of locations is used, or the average value of the solar radiation intensity measured over a predetermined time (for example, during the day) at one location is used. Adopt the configuration. When measuring solar radiation intensity in one place, you may use the solar radiation intensity measured every predetermined time (for example, 30 minutes), without measuring continuously.

  On the other hand, for the second sensor 262, a configuration in which the second sensor 262 is provided for each solar cell module 21 is conceivable. However, this configuration is desirable because the cost is increased as in the case of the first sensor 261. It can not be said. When there is an influence of shade, a temperature difference is caused by a difference in solar radiation intensity, and a temperature difference is generated between the vicinity of the center and the vicinity of the solar cell module 21 because the heat radiation efficiency is different. Is possible.

  Therefore, the 2nd sensor 262 should just be arrange | positioned so that the typical temperature in the installation place of the solar cell array 22 can be measured. Alternatively, the second sensor 262 may be arranged so that the temperature at a plurality of locations at the installation location of the solar cell array 22 can be measured. When measuring the temperature at a plurality of locations, a simple average value or a weighted average value of the temperatures at the plurality of locations measured by the second sensor 262 is used.

  As described above, the first acquisition unit 11 acquires information related to the power generation output of the solar cell module 21, and the second acquisition unit 12 acquires environmental information. The processing unit 15 predicts the power generation output output from the solar cell array 22 by using a combination of these pieces of information. That is, the processing unit 15 obtains the maximum output, the maximum operating voltage, the maximum operating current, the open voltage, and the short circuit current for the solar cell array 22 from the information on the power generation output of the solar cell module 21. Further, the processing unit 15 corrects the obtained values in accordance with the environmental conditions at the installation location of the solar cell array 22, and obtains predicted values of these values.

  The management device 10 includes a third acquisition unit 13, and the third acquisition unit 13 acquires information related to the actual measurement value of the power generation output in the solar cell array 22 from the measurement device 27. In the present embodiment, the measuring device 27 is provided at a connection site between the solar cell array 22 and the power conditioner 25. That is, the measuring device 27 monitors the output of the solar cell array 22. However, the measuring device 27 may be configured to monitor the output of the power conditioner 25 as described later. The user reads the information measured by the measuring device 27 and inputs the read result to the input device 31, thereby causing the third acquiring unit 13 to acquire information related to the actual measurement value of the power generation output from the input unit 17. Also good.

  The processing unit 15 estimates the power generation output of the solar cell array 22 based on the power generation output of the solar cell module 21 and the environmental information. In addition, the management device 10 acquires an actual measurement value of the power generation output of the solar cell array 22 from the measurement device 27. The management device 10 uses the estimated power generation output as the first power generation output, the measured value of the power generation output as the second power generation output, and outputs the first power generation output and the second power generation output from the output unit 16 to the display device 30. Output. The output unit 16 determines the format to be displayed on the display device 30 according to the content to be displayed. The information displayed on the display device 30 can display not only the first power generation output and the second power generation output but also other information. Information displayed on the display device 30 and a display format will be described later.

  Incidentally, in the present embodiment, the management apparatus 10 includes a fourth acquisition unit 14. The fourth acquisition unit 14 acquires the connection relationship of the solar cell modules 21 constituting the solar cell array 22. As described above, the connection relationship of the solar cell modules 21 differs depending on the site where the solar cell array 22 is installed. However, the connection relationship of the solar cell modules 21 is automatically determined by the number of the solar cell modules 21 constituting the string 23 and the number of the strings 23 constituting the solar cell array 22.

  The configuration information, which is information on the number of solar cell modules 21 constituting the string 23 and the number of strings 23 constituting the solar cell array 22, is input to the input device 31 by the user. The second acquisition unit 12 acquires configuration information from the input device 31 through the input unit 17 and gives the configuration information to the processing unit 15. When the management device 10 includes the fourth acquisition unit 14, the management device 10 uses the configuration information acquired by the fourth acquisition unit 14 in addition to the first power generation output and the second power generation output. The value corresponding to the nominal value can be obtained for the power generation output of the solar cell array 22. That is, the processing unit corresponds to the nominal value regarding the power generation output of the solar cell array 22 by using the nominal value regarding the power generation output of the solar cell module 21 constituting the solar cell array 22 and the connection relation of the solar cell module 21. Find the value to be.

  The processing unit 15 corrects the power generation output of the solar cell array 22 according to the environment by using the environmental information acquired by the second acquisition unit 12. That is, the processing unit 15 estimates the power generation output of the solar cell array 22 according to the environment where the solar cell array 22 is installed.

  As described above, the processing unit 15 theoretically relates to the solar cell array 22 based on the nominal value regarding the power generation output of the solar cell module 21 and the environment in which the solar cell module 21 is installed. Estimate the value expected to be obtained.

The example of the relational expression in the case of calculating the power generation output of the solar cell array 22 based on the nominal value regarding the power generation output of the solar cell module 21 is shown. Now, for the solar cell module 21, the nominal value of the short circuit current is I10, the nominal value of the maximum operating current is I11, the nominal value of the open circuit voltage is V10, the nominal value of the maximum operating voltage is V11, and the nominal value of the maximum output is P11. Suppose there is. Further, the number of strings 23 constituting the solar cell array 22 is N, and the number of solar cell modules 21 constituting one string 23 is M. For the solar cell array 22, assuming that the short-circuit current value is I20, the maximum operating current value is I21, the open-circuit voltage value is V20, the maximum operating voltage value is V21, and the maximum output value is P21, the following relationship holds. .
I20 = I10 × N
I21 = I11 × N
V20 = V10 × M
V21 = V11 × M
P21 = I21 × V21
Moreover, it is known that the current-voltage characteristic of the solar cell module 21 is expressed by the relationship expressed by Equation 1. Equation 1 includes photocurrent as information relating to solar radiation intensity and also includes temperature, and it can be seen that the power generation output of the solar cell module 21 is affected by solar radiation intensity and temperature. Equation 1 makes it possible to estimate current-voltage characteristics as shown in FIG. The solid line characteristic in FIG. 4 is the current-voltage characteristic corrected by the environmental information, and the broken line characteristic is the current-voltage characteristic before correction by the environmental information obtained from the nominal value of the solar cell module 21.

  The management apparatus 10 described above includes a device that executes a program as a main hardware element. This type of device is selected from a microcomputer having a processor and a memory integrally, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) having a processor separately from the memory, and the like. The program is written in advance in a ROM (Read Only Memory), provided through an electric communication line such as the Internet, or provided by a computer-readable recording medium.

  The management device 10 is used to check whether or not the power generation output expected from the solar power generation device 20 is obtained after the solar power generation device 20 is constructed. Specifically, the management device 10 may be used for the purpose of detecting an initial failure and a construction failure immediately after the installation of the solar power generation device 20. It may be used for the purpose of deterioration diagnosis.

  In either case, it is possible to select a mode in which the management device 10 is temporarily connected to the solar power generation device 20 and a mode in which the management device 10 is always connected as necessary. However, in many cases, if used for the former purpose, the management apparatus 10 may be connected to the solar power generation apparatus 20 as necessary, and if used for the latter purpose, the management apparatus 10 is used for solar power generation. It is desirable to always connect to the device 20.

  When the management device 10 is always connected to the solar power generation device 20, it is desirable to provide the management device 10 separately or to provide the management device 10 in the power conditioner 25 constituting the solar power generation device 20. In this configuration, the management device 10 acquires environmental information from the sensors 26 provided in the solar cell array 22. When the user can read the output value of the sensor 26 regardless of whether or not the sensor 26 is attached to the solar cell array 22, as described above, the environmental information measured by the sensor 26 is stored in the management apparatus 10. On the other hand, you may be comprised so that it may input manually. For example, when a power measuring device and a pyranometer that are independent of the management device 10 can be used, the management device 10 only needs to be configured so that environmental information is manually input.

  On the other hand, when the management device 10 is only required to be temporarily connected to the solar power generation device 20, the management device 10 is desirably portable. For example, when a contractor who installs and installs the photovoltaic power generation apparatus 20 uses the management apparatus 10 when the construction is completed, or when a maintenance work contractor uses the management apparatus 10, the management apparatus 10 is a sensor as necessary. 26 may be connected. In addition to the configuration attached to the management device 10, the sensor 26 may be a power measurement device and a pyranometer that are independent of the management device 10. The management device 10 may adopt a configuration in which environmental information is manually input, or may be configured to acquire environmental information by connecting a power measurement device and a pyranometer. In addition, the electric power measurement apparatus and the pyranometer which become the sensor 26 may be placed in the installation place of the solar power generation apparatus 20, and in that case, the trader only has to carry the management apparatus 10 to the site.

  Moreover, the management apparatus 10 may be provided in a place different from the photovoltaic power generation apparatus 20, and necessary information such as environmental information may be notified to the management apparatus 10 through an electric communication line such as the Internet. In this case, the management apparatus 10 is provided in a computer server connected to the telecommunication line. Therefore, the function of the management device 10 can be used by the solar power generation devices 20 at a plurality of locations.

  Hereinafter, an operation example of the present invention will be described. Regardless of whether the solar power generation apparatus 20 is immediately after construction or in operation, the management apparatus 10 is used for the purpose of determining whether or not the power generation output of the solar power generation apparatus 20 is appropriate. Therefore, the management device 10 not only makes it possible to compare the power generation output (first power generation output) estimated by the processing unit 15 with the power generation output (second power generation output) actually measured for the solar power generation device 20. It is desirable to indicate whether or not the second power generation output that is an actual measurement value is within an appropriate range. In the present embodiment, the appropriate range is set based on the first power generation output estimated by the processing unit 15.

  In the solar cell module 21, the appropriate range (normal range) of the power generation output is determined as follows with respect to the nominal value in consideration of manufacturing variations (see Japanese Industrial Standards C8918 and C8939). That is, in the Japanese Industrial Standard, the open circuit voltage is set to ± 10% of the nominal open circuit voltage, the short circuit current is set to 90% or more of the nominal short circuit current, and the maximum output is set to 90% or more of the nominal maximum output. Also in this embodiment, it is desirable to adopt this value as an appropriate range of the power generation output. Of course, it is possible to set the proper range more strictly. Moreover, the management apparatus 10 of the present embodiment defines an appropriate range for one or more types of power generation output selected from an open circuit voltage, a short circuit current, and a maximum output.

  That is, when the first power generation output and the second power generation output have the maximum power value, it is desirable that the appropriate range is set to a range equal to or higher than the reference ratio with respect to the maximum power value that is the first power generation output. For example, 90% is selected as the reference ratio. Further, when the first power generation output and the second power generation output are open circuit voltage values, the appropriate range is not less than the first ratio and not more than the second ratio with respect to the open voltage value that is the first power generation output. The range is preferably set so as to include the open-circuit voltage value. For example, 90% is selected as the first ratio, and 110% is selected as the second ratio. When the first power generation output and the second power generation output are short-circuit current values, it is desirable that the appropriate range be set to a range equal to or higher than a reference ratio with respect to the short-circuit current value that is the first power generation output. For example, 90% is selected as the reference ratio.

  An appropriate range of the power generation output for the solar cell array 22 is calculated from a nominal value related to the power generation output of the solar cell module 21. That is, the processing unit 15 calculates an appropriate range related to the second power generation output based on the first power generation output. Further, the output unit 16 causes the display device 30 to display the appropriate range. The output unit 16 indicates an appropriate range on the screen of the display device 30 with a numerical value or a graph. In addition, the output unit 16 desirably displays the second power generation output, which is an actual measurement value, on the same screen as the appropriate range on the display device 30. By displaying the second power generation output on the same screen as the appropriate range, the user can easily determine whether or not the second power generation output is in the proper range.

  In short, the output unit 16 displays the second power generation output and the appropriate range on the display device 30 as numerical values, or the output unit 16 displays the second power generation output and the appropriate range on the display device 30 in a graph. It is desirable to display. The output unit 16 preferably displays the second power generation output and the appropriate range on the same screen of the display device 30.

  For example, when a numerical value is shown on the display device 30, it is desirable that the second power generation output that is an actual measurement value and the theoretically determined appropriate range are displayed side by side. Further, when the graph is displayed on the display device 30, as shown in FIG. 5, the theoretically obtained current-voltage characteristic (C10) and the power-voltage characteristic (C20) are displayed side by side, and the appropriate ranges R1, R2 are respectively displayed. , R3 is desirable. The appropriate range R1 is determined for the short-circuit current, the appropriate range R2 is determined for the open circuit voltage, and the appropriate range R3 is determined for the maximum output. Further, the graph shows the second power generation output (C11, C21) that is an actual measurement value. In the illustrated example, the second power generation output indicates a short-circuit current value I20, an open-circuit voltage value V20, and a maximum output value P21 for the solar cell array 22. Here, the current-voltage characteristic (C11) and the power-voltage characteristic (C21) related to the actual measurement values do not need to be displayed in the graph. Regarding the actual measurement values, the short-circuit current value I20, the open-circuit voltage value V20, the maximum Only the output value P21 needs to be displayed.

  The processing unit 15 determines that the solar power generation device 20 is normal when the second power generation output is within the appropriate ranges R1, R2, and R3, and the second power generation output deviates from the appropriate ranges R1, R2, and R3. It is desirable to judge that the solar power generation device 20 is abnormal when That is, in the example shown in FIG. 5, since all of the three types of values that are the second power generation output satisfy the appropriate ranges R1, R2, and R3, the solar cell array 22 is determined to be normal.

  On the other hand, in the example shown in FIG. 6, the short-circuit current value I20 is within the proper range R1 and the maximum output value P21 is within the proper range R3, but the open-circuit voltage value V20 is lower than the lower limit value of the proper range R2. It turns out that it is low. When this event occurs, there is a possibility that the connection of the solar cell module 21 in the string 23 is wrong. That is, there is a possibility of a connection error at a site where the solar cell modules 21 are connected in series.

  In the example shown in FIG. 7, the short-circuit current value I20 is within the proper range R1 and the open-circuit voltage value V20 is within the proper range R2, but the maximum output value P21 is lower than the lower limit of the proper range R3. It turns out that it is low. When this event occurs, there is a possibility that the power generation output of the solar cell module 21 does not satisfy the nominal value.

  In the example shown in FIG. 8, the open circuit voltage value V20 is within the proper range R2, but the short circuit current value I20 is not the proper range R1, and the maximum output value P21 also deviates from the proper range R3. Such an event may occur when the strings 23 constituting the solar cell array 22 are connected incorrectly. That is, there is a possibility of a connection error at a site where the strings 23 are connected in parallel.

  The above relationship is summarized as shown in Table 1. That is, when the management device 10 selects three types of the maximum power value, the open-circuit voltage value, and the short-circuit current value as the first power generation output and the second power generation output, whether or not the solar power generation device 20 has an abnormality is determined. It becomes possible not only to determine the location of the abnormality. In this case, the processing unit 15 determines whether or not the maximum power value P21, the open-circuit voltage value V20, and the short-circuit current value I20 are within appropriate ranges, and further, depending on the combination of the determination results, It is desirable to determine the presence or absence of an abnormality in the device 20 and the location of the abnormality.

  In the configuration example described above, the case where the current-voltage characteristic and the power-voltage characteristic are displayed side by side on the display device 30 has been exemplified. However, since it is possible to indicate power using the current-voltage characteristic, the power-voltage It is possible to omit the characteristics.

  The determination of the presence / absence of an abnormality and the location of the abnormality shown in Table 1 mainly assumes use immediately after the construction of the solar power generation device 20. On the other hand, when the management apparatus 10 is configured to be always connected to the solar power generation apparatus 20, the processing unit 15 diagnoses a failure or deterioration of the solar power generation apparatus 20 by determining a change with time. It is also possible. For example, when the second power generation output shifts from a state in which the second power generation output is within the appropriate range obtained from the first power generation output to a state that deviates from the proper range, solar power generation is performed based on the change in the second power generation output. In some cases, the failure and deterioration of the device 20 can be distinguished.

  Furthermore, the above-described configuration example assumes a case where the maximum output is 100 kW or more. In this type of solar power generation device 20, the first sensor 261 and the second sensor 262 are attached to the solar cell array 22. Has been. On the other hand, in the solar power generation device 20 having a maximum output of about 1 to 50 kW, such as for residential use or community use, the first sensor 261 and the second sensor 262 are attached to the solar cell array 22 or the solar cell module 21. Often not. Therefore, it is desirable to provide the management apparatus 10 with the first sensor 261 and the second sensor 262.

  Moreover, when using the solar cell module 21 to which the sensor 26 is attached, the solar cell module 21 to which the sensor 26 is attached may be used for at least a part of the solar cell array 22. Further, in the case of simplification, even if a configuration is adopted in which the user measures the solar radiation intensity and temperature as environmental information with another measuring instrument, and the user manually inputs the environmental information using the input device 31. Good.

  Similarly to the first sensor 261 and the second sensor 262, a configuration in which the second power generation output is measured by another measuring device and manually input by the user using the input device 31 may be employed.

  In the configuration example described above, the case where the management device 10 manages the solar cell array 22 has been described. However, the solar power generation device 20 performs power conversion of DC power output from the solar cell module 21. 25. Therefore, in addition to the nominal value acquired by the first acquisition unit 11 and the environmental information acquired by the second acquisition unit 12, the processing unit 15 uses solar power based on the power conversion efficiency of the power conditioner 25. The power generation output of the power generation device 20 may be estimated.

  In this case, the first acquisition unit 11 acquires the conversion efficiency of the power conditioner 25 as a nominal value. The third acquisition unit 13 acquires an actual measurement value related to the power generation output of the solar power generation device 20 from the power conditioner 25. The processing unit 15 uses the conversion efficiency acquired by the first acquisition unit 11 in addition to the nominal value acquired by the first acquisition unit 11 and the environmental information acquired by the second acquisition unit 12. The AC power output from 25 is estimated. The estimated AC power is treated as the first power generation output. The 3rd acquisition part 13 acquires the actual value of the alternating current power output from the power conditioner 25, and the process part 15 handles this alternating current power as a 2nd electric power generation output. The obtained first power generation output and second power generation output are output from the output unit 16 to the display device 30 as in the case of handling DC power.

  Note that the power generation efficiency of the power conditioner 25 can also be obtained using DC power input to the power conditioner 25 and AC power output from the power conditioner 25. For example, if the active power at the output of the power conditioner 25 is 1921 W and the DC power input to the power conditioner 25 is 2012 W, the conversion efficiency is 95.47%.

  Although it is desirable to calculate the second power generation output in consideration of the conversion efficiency of the power conditioner 25, the power generation output of the solar cell array 22 and the conversion efficiency of the power conditioner 25 are displayed side by side on the display device 30. You may do it.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Management apparatus 11 1st acquisition part 12 2nd acquisition part 13 3rd acquisition part 14 4th acquisition part 15 Processing part 16 Output part 17 Input part 18 Memory | storage part 20 Solar power generation device 21 Solar cell module 22 Solar Battery array 23 String 26 Sensor 30 Display device 31 Input device 261 First sensor 262 Second sensor

Claims (12)

A solar power generation device management device comprising a solar cell module,
A first acquisition unit for acquiring a nominal value related to the power generation output of the solar cell module;
A second acquisition unit that acquires the solar radiation intensity at the installation location of the solar cell module and the temperature of the solar cell module as environmental information;
A third acquisition unit that acquires an actual measurement value related to the power generation output of the solar power generation device;
Based on the nominal value acquired by the first acquisition unit and the environmental information acquired by the second acquisition unit, a processing unit that estimates the power generation output of the solar power generation device;
The power generation output estimated by the processing unit is a first power generation output, the measured value related to the power generation output acquired by the third acquisition unit is a second power generation output, and the first power generation output and the second power generation output An output unit for displaying the output on a display device ;
An input unit for inputting identification information, which is information for specifying the specifications of the solar cell module ,
The processing unit calculates an appropriate range related to the second power generation output based on the first power generation output,
The output unit displays the appropriate range on the display device ,
The first acquisition unit corresponds to the identification information input to the input unit from a storage unit in which the nominal value for each specification of the solar cell module is stored in association with the identification information in advance. The management apparatus of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus characterized by acquiring a nominal value . Configuration information, which is information related to the connection relationship of the solar cell modules constituting the solar cell array, in order for the processing unit to estimate the power generation output of the solar cell array in which a plurality of the solar cell modules are electrically connected. A fourth acquisition unit for acquiring
The processing unit is based on the configuration information acquired by the fourth acquisition unit in addition to the nominal value acquired by the first acquisition unit and the environment information acquired by the second acquisition unit. The management apparatus of the solar power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the power generation output of the solar power generation device is estimated. The solar cell array is
A plurality of strings in which a plurality of the solar cell modules are connected in series,
The management apparatus of the solar power generation device according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of strings are connected in parallel. The processor is
When the second power generation output is within the appropriate range, the solar power generation device is determined to be normal,
The management apparatus of the solar power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the solar power generation device is determined to be abnormal when the second power generation output deviates from the appropriate range . The first power generation output and the second power generation output are a maximum power value, an open-circuit voltage value, and a short-circuit current value,
The processing unit determines whether or not the maximum power value, the open-circuit voltage value, and the short-circuit current value are in the appropriate ranges, respectively, and further, the presence or absence of abnormality of the photovoltaic power generation device according to the combination of the determination results and The management apparatus of the solar power generation device of any one of Claims 1-3 which judges the location of abnormality . The first power generation output and the second power generation output are maximum power values, and the appropriate range is set to a range equal to or greater than a reference ratio with respect to the maximum power value as the first power generation output . The management apparatus of the solar power generation device of any one of 4. The first power generation output and the second power generation output are open-circuit voltage values, and the appropriate range is greater than or equal to a first ratio and a second ratio with respect to the open-circuit voltage value that is the first power generation output. The management apparatus of the solar power generation device of any one of Claims 1-4 set so that the said open circuit voltage value may be included as the following ranges . The first power generation output and the second power generation output are short-circuit current values, and the appropriate range is set to a range equal to or higher than a reference ratio with respect to the short-circuit current value that is the first power generation output. management device photovoltaic device according to any one of 1-4. The said output part is a management apparatus of the solar power generation device of any one of Claims 1-8 which displays the said 2nd electric power generation output and the said appropriate range on the said display apparatus with a numerical value . The said output part is a management apparatus of the solar power generation device of any one of Claims 1-8 on which the said 2nd electric power generation output and the said appropriate range are displayed on the said display apparatus with a graph . The said output part displays the said 2nd electric power generation output and the said appropriate range on the same screen of the said display apparatus, The management apparatus of the solar power generation device of Claim 9 or 10 characterized by the above-mentioned. The solar power generation apparatus further includes a power conditioner that performs power conversion of DC power output from the solar cell module,
In addition to the nominal value acquired by the first acquisition unit and the environmental information acquired by the second acquisition unit, the processing unit, based on the power conversion efficiency of the power conditioner, Estimate the power generation output of the photovoltaic generator,
The management device for a solar power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the third acquisition unit acquires an actual measurement value related to a power generation output of the solar power generation device from the power conditioner .

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