JP6258581B2 - Watch support device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a monitoring support apparatus that is effective for grasping the state of an elderly person or the like at a home such as an elderly person living alone or an elderly couple, a nursing facility where an elderly person or the like moves in, or a hospital where an elderly person or the like is hospitalized.

  It is said that the most common cause after a stroke is a fall or fall as a factor that causes the watched person such as the elderly to become bedridden. The majority of this fall or fall accident occurs when transferring from a bed to a wheelchair or when leaving the bed, and there are many places where a fall or fall accident occurs near the bed. In addition, as a situation where the risk of falling over the bed is the highest, it is possible to go to the toilet at night. At night, when leaving the bed to go to the toilet, the surrounding area of the bed is dark, so the risk of the person being watched over falling from the bed is extremely high. Such a fall or fall accident is also the most common accident in medical practice. In recent years, aging has progressed, and the number of single-person elderly households or elderly couples has increased rapidly. In such a single-person elderly household or an elderly couple's household, an elderly person leaves the bed alone or is removed from the bed while being cared for by another elderly person, so the risk of falling when leaving the bed increases. Therefore, in the elderly living alone or a couple living in the elderly, when a fall occurs around the bed, it is desired that an external person recognizes the fall and immediately goes to rescue. In addition, in a care facility or hospital where a watched person resides, a person inside the caregiver or nurse may recognize the fall of the watched person and immediately go to the watched person's room for relief. It is desired.

  In Patent Document 1, antennas are installed at a plurality of locations in a facility, a radio signal transmitted from a transmitter of a monitoring target person is received by the antenna, and the same radio signal is captured by a plurality of antennas. In this case, there is disclosed a location information management system that determines that a location where an antenna that receives a signal having the maximum signal level is installed is a location of a transmitter. In this system, when an emergency call is received from a monitored person's transmitter, the system administrator knows the location of the monitored person by notifying the system administrator of the position of the transmitter. It is intended to discover the person quickly.

  In Patent Document 2, from a two-dimensional image information indicating the brightness or temperature of an object in a room, a region where a human is present and its shape are detected, and by detecting a human motion, from the shape and motion, An attitude determination device that determines whether a human is standing, sitting, or lying is disclosed. In this conventional technique, it is difficult to determine the posture of any one of standing, sitting, and lying by simply determining the human shape detected from the two-dimensional image information. Data is stored, human motion is detected from these continuous image information, and the human posture is accurately determined from this human motion and the above human shape. .

JP 2011-22654 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-149725

  However, in Patent Document 1, since an elderly person who is a monitoring target needs to have a transmitter himself, the elderly person is burdened. In Patent Document 1, since the system administrator recognizes the emergency for the first time after receiving an emergency call from the transmitter, the elderly person with the transmitter falls, and the fallen elderly person faints. If an emergency call cannot be sent, the system administrator cannot be notified of the fall. Moreover, even if it is in a state where a fall can be notified, there is a possibility that the elderly person will withhold and will not want to send an emergency call. Furthermore, since this conventional technique installs antennas at a plurality of locations in the facility, its installation cost is high.

  Further, Patent Document 2 detects a human shape (region) and motion from two-dimensional image data and discriminates the human posture. For example, the shape alone determines whether the human body is standing or lying. If it cannot be determined, it is determined as standing when there is movement, and it is determined as lying when there is no movement. However, this conventional technique erroneously determines that the elderly person who is the subject to be monitored is in the supine position because there is no movement when the elderly person stands still while standing. As described above, it is impossible to discriminate the human posture from the human shape and movement without erroneous detection.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a monitoring support apparatus that does not need to notify an emergency by itself and that can discriminate without erroneously recognizing a human posture. To do.

  The watching support apparatus according to the present invention is two-dimensionally directed from the upper side to the lower side of the bed.On the secondA first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor for measuring the temperature distribution of one and two-dimensionally from the side of the bed horizontally On the secondA temperature distribution detection unit having a second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor for measuring the temperature distribution of 2;
An extraction unit for extracting a temperature region indicating a human body from each of the first and second temperature distributions detected by the first and second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensors;
A determination unit that determines a standing position, a sitting position, or a supine position of the human body from the human body temperature region of the first temperature distribution and the human body temperature region of the second temperature distribution;
A time measurement unit that measures the time for the human body to change from standing to sitting and sitting to prone position;
If the time is within a predetermined time, a fall detection unit that detects a person's fall, and
It is characterized by having.

  Another monitoring support apparatus according to the present invention includes a first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor that measures the first temperature distribution two-dimensionally from above to below the bed, and two horizontally extending from the side of the bed. A temperature distribution detector having a second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor for measuring the second temperature distribution in a two-dimensional manner, and each cell of the cell group in which the first and second temperature distributions are two-dimensionally arranged; The first and second temperature distributions are classified into a first cell having a temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold and a second cell having a temperature lower than the predetermined threshold. The binarizing temperature discriminating unit and the first temperature distribution and the second temperature distribution each include a rectangle surrounding a region in which the first cells are continuous in the vertical and horizontal directions in the cell group. A first cell existing in the feature area 4 feature amounts including the number of cells as the vertical length of the feature region, the number of cells as the horizontal length of the feature region, and the position of the cell representing the feature region. A feature amount extraction unit; and a determination unit that determines whether the human body is standing, sitting, or lying from each of the four feature amounts extracted from the first temperature distribution and the second temperature distribution. It is characterized by.

  The watch support device further detects, for example, a person's fall when the human body measures the time for the human body to change from a standing position to a sitting position and from a sitting position to a prone position, and the time is within a predetermined time. And a fall detection unit.

  Further, for example, a reflected wave receiving unit that emits a plurality of infrared beams to the human body and receives reflected waves reflected from the human body that has received the infrared beams; and a joint of the human body that has received the infrared beams by the reflected waves A joint skeleton position extraction unit for extracting the position of the body part and the position of the skeleton part; and a shoulder position determination for determining the position of the left and right shoulders of the human body and the position of the left and right hips from the position of the joint part and the position of the skeleton part And a walking state determination unit that determines whether or not a person's walking state is a walking state that easily falls over, based on temporal displacement amounts of the left and right shoulder positions and the left and right buttocks positions. You may comprise so that the danger that a person may fall may be grasped | ascertained from the said person's walking state.

  In addition, a load on the bed is detected, and a weight center of gravity position calculation unit that calculates the weight and center of gravity of the person from the detected load value, the weight is not more than a predetermined weight threshold, and the center of gravity position is When in the end seat, you may comprise so that it may have an end seat detection part which detects that a person is in the end seat position.

  And a sleep determination unit that detects whether or not a person is sleeping based on the movement, and further detects an illuminance in the room. And an illuminance threshold determination unit that determines whether or not the illuminance is equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold.

  Furthermore, a temperature change amount detection unit that detects temperature change amounts at a plurality of positions in the room, and a temperature change amount at least at one of the temperature change amounts at the plurality of positions is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value. A temperature change amount threshold value determination unit for determining whether or not the temperature change amount is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value and a time period lower than the predetermined threshold value. Further, it may be configured to continuously measure and to grasp a person's life pattern from the measurement result.

  And a power consumption extraction unit that extracts indoor power consumption, and a power consumption threshold determination unit that determines whether or not the power consumption is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold. Alternatively, the power consumption may be continuously measured, and the life pattern of the person may be grasped from the measurement result.

  And a voice calling unit for calling a person, wherein the voice calling unit converts a voice from a speaker, a microphone for picking up a voice emitted from the person, and a voice from the microphone, You may comprise so that it may have an information transmission part which transmits this character to a care service base or a family house.

  The watching support apparatus according to the present invention extracts a temperature region indicating a human body from the first temperature distribution and the second temperature distribution detected by the two two-dimensional temperature distribution sensors, and the extracted two human body temperatures. Since the human body's standing position, sitting position, or prone position is determined from the region, it is possible to correctly determine the posture of the human body without erroneous detection. In addition, for example, the first and second temperature distributions are binarized, and four feature amounts are extracted for each of the first and second temperature distributions. From the four feature amounts, the human body is extracted. By determining the standing position, the sitting position, or the supine position, it is possible to determine the posture of the human with higher accuracy. Also, for example, if the watch support device measures the time to change from standing to sitting and sitting to lying, and if this time is within a predetermined time, if the person falls, Even if you don't tell the urgent yourself, the faller is informed of the fall, so the faller can get help from the outside.

It is a figure which shows having arrange | positioned what constitutes the monitoring assistance apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention in a monitoring subject's home. Similarly, it is a sensor layout diagram of this watching support apparatus. It is a sensor arrangement | positioning figure of the monitoring assistance apparatus in a care facility or a hospital. It is a block diagram of the controller of this watching support apparatus similarly. It is a hardware block diagram of this watching support apparatus similarly. It is a flowchart figure of the controller of this watching support apparatus similarly. (A) is a first temperature distribution diagram measured by the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor, (b) is a temperature distribution diagram after classifying the temperature of the first temperature distribution into two stages, ( c) is a second temperature distribution diagram measured by the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor, and (d) is a temperature distribution diagram after the temperature of the second temperature distribution is classified into two stages. (A), (b), (c) is a temperature distribution diagram measured by a two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor. (A) is a temperature distribution diagram in the standing position detected by the two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor arranged on the side of the bed, (b) is a temperature distribution diagram in the sitting position detected by the two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor, c) is a temperature distribution diagram in the saddle position detected by the two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor, and (d) is a temperature distribution diagram in the standing position detected by the two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor disposed above the bed. ) Is the temperature distribution diagram in the sitting position detected by the two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor, (f) is the temperature distribution diagram in the saddle position also detected by the two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor, and (g) shows the standing position. (H) is a figure which shows a sitting position, (i) is a figure which shows a supine position. (A), (b) is a figure which shows measuring state change time in the monitoring assistance apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows having extracted the position of a human joint part and a skeleton part by the active infrared sensor. It is a graph which shows the movement amount by the time passage of a person's head. It is a perspective view which shows that a person is going to get out of bed. It is a figure which shows the skeleton model which extracted the position of the joint part and skeleton part of the person who is going to get out of bed. (A) is a figure which shows the reference | standard point of the skeleton model obtained by the active infrared sensor of the monitoring assistance apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention, (b) is the walking condition measurement at the time of normal walk (healthy person) Figure, (c) is a walking situation measurement chart during normal walking (a weak person), (d) is a walking situation measurement chart when walking a number (healthy person), and (e) is a number walking (weakness). (F) is a walking situation measurement chart when dragging (healthy person), (g) is a walking situation when dragging (a weak person). It is a measurement figure. It is a figure which similarly shows extracting a daily life pattern using this watch support apparatus. It is a figure which shows determining whether the present action pattern is normal from the extracted life pattern. It is a graph which similarly shows determining whether the present action pattern is normal from this life pattern. (A), (b), (c) is a figure which shows the example of a fuzzy inference. It is a software structure figure of the monitoring assistance apparatus which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is an indoor layout diagram of the monitoring support apparatus according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a sensor layout diagram of the monitoring support apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a controller of the watching support apparatus, and FIG. 5 is a hardware configuration diagram of the watching support apparatus. FIG. 7A is a first temperature distribution diagram, FIG. 7B is a temperature distribution diagram after classifying the temperature of the first temperature distribution into two stages, and FIG. FIG. 7D is a temperature distribution diagram after the temperature of the second temperature distribution is classified into two stages. 9A is a temperature distribution diagram in a standing position detected by a two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor arranged on the side of the bed, FIG. 9B is a temperature distribution diagram in a sitting position, and FIG. 9C. FIG. 4 is a temperature distribution diagram in a saddle position. 9D is a temperature distribution diagram in the standing position detected by the two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor arranged above the bed, FIG. 9E is a temperature distribution diagram in the sitting position, and FIG. FIG. 9 (g) is a diagram showing the standing position, FIG. 9 (h) is a diagram showing the sitting position, and FIG. 9 (i) is a diagram showing the lying position. Moreover, FIG. 11 is a figure which shows having extracted the position of a human joint part and skeleton part by the active infrared sensor.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a bed 3 is provided in the bedroom B of the person being watched over, and the subject sleeps on the bed 3 to sleep. The bed 3 is provided with a back bottom, a waist bottom, a knee bottom, and a foot bottom in order from the head side of the bed 3. Of these bottoms, the back bottom is located on the head side of the bed 3 by an actuator. The upper body of the subject can be lifted by inclining so as to be higher. And in this back raising operation | movement, in order to prevent a subject from sliding down to the leg side of the bed 3, for example, a knee bottom inclines so that the knee side of the bed 3 may become high with an actuator. Accordingly, the subject can take a sitting posture on the bed 3 without sliding down to the foot side on the bed 3. The back bottom and knee bottom angles are controlled by the bed controller 17.

  A first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a is provided at a position above the bed 3 on the ceiling of the bedroom B with its detection direction directed downward, and the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor. 2a measures a two-dimensional temperature distribution from the upper side of the bed 3 to the lower side. In addition, a second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b is provided on the wall of the bedroom B with its detection direction oriented horizontally, and the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b is located on the bed 3 side. A two-dimensional temperature distribution is measured from one side to the other.

The bed 3 is provided with a bed leaving sensor 11. The bed leaving sensor 11 is controlled by a controller 16 which will be described later. The controller 16 is provided with a weight center of gravity position calculation unit and an end seat detection unit. The bed leaving sensor 11 has four load sensors, and these four load sensors are provided at the four corners of the frame of the bed 3. The load sensor detects a load on the bed 3. From the detected load value, the weight center of gravity position calculation unit calculates the weight of the person to be watched on the bed 3. The weight center-of-gravity position calculation unit detects a load value in a state where there is no subject on the bed 3 in advance, and subtracts the reference load value from the load value when the subject is on the bed 3 using this as a reference. Thus, the weight of the subject is calculated. Further, the weight center-of-gravity position calculation unit calculates the position of the center of gravity of the subject on the bed 3 from the detected load value. In the bed 3, the side connecting the first load sensor and the third load sensor is the head side, and the side connecting the second load sensor and the fourth load sensor is the foot side. And let the corner of the bed 3 in which the 1st load sensor was provided be an origin (0, 0). Further, the length of the side connecting the first load sensor and the second load sensor, that is, the length in the longitudinal direction of the bed 3 is x, and the side connecting the first load sensor and the third load sensor. , That is, the length in the width direction of the bed 3 is y. From the first to the load value of the fourth load sensor when the subject is present on the bed 3, the calculated value of the load increment the reference load value obtained by subtracting the L _1, L _2, L ₃ and L _4, the When the total value is L _all , the subject's center-of-gravity position (X, Y) is expressed by Equation 1.

  As described above, the end seat detection unit first determines whether or not the weight of the subject is equal to or less than the predetermined weight threshold with respect to the weight and the center of gravity of the subject calculated by the weight center of gravity position computation unit. When the subject is sitting at the end position of the bed 3 and the foot is on the floor, the weight value on the bed 3 is lower than the weight of the subject. It becomes as follows. However, even if the subject sits at the end-sitting position, depending on how he / she sits, there is a possibility that the weight does not clearly decrease and may not fall below the weight threshold, so this weight threshold is close to the subject's weight. By setting the value, even if there is a slight weight loss, it can be determined that the subject is at the end seat. However, if this is done, it may be detected that the subject is in the end-sitting position when the body weight is reduced even slightly, so there is a risk that false alarms will increase. Therefore, the end seat detection unit determines whether or not the center of gravity position is on the end seat of the bed 3, and when the center of gravity position is on the end seat of the bed 3 and the weight is equal to or less than a predetermined weight threshold, The person is in the end-sitting position. This makes it possible to detect with high accuracy that the subject is in the end sitting position and is about to get out of bed. Further, even if the subject turns over and the weight value on the bed 3 decreases, if the center of gravity position on the bed 3 is not located at the end seat of the bed 3, this is changed to the end seat position. Because it does not detect that it is, false alarms can be reduced.

  The bed 3 is provided with a body motion sensor 12. The body motion sensor 12 is controlled by a controller 16, and the controller 16 is provided with a sleep determination unit. The body motion sensor 12 is installed on the mattress of the bed 3. When the person to watch over is sleeping on the bed 3, the body motion sensor 12 is pressurized, and the body motion sensor 12 wakes up on the bed 3. The body motion sensor 12 is depressurized when getting out of bed 3 or the like. The sleep determination unit detects a movement on the bed 3, detects a change in pressure applied to the body movement sensor 12 from the movement, and determines whether the subject is sleeping on the bed 3. Further, when the movement on the bed is active, the body motion sensor 12 is repeatedly pressurized and depressurized, so that it is recognized that the subject is awake, and the movement is minute or When there is no movement, the body motion sensor 12 is always in a pressurized state, so that the subject is recognized as being in a sleep state.

  In the vicinity of the bed 3, an active infrared sensor 15 is installed with its detection direction directed toward the bed 3. The active infrared sensor 15 is controlled by a controller 16, and the controller 16 includes a reflected wave receiving unit, a joint skeleton position extracting unit, a shoulder pad position determining unit, and a walking state determining unit. When the reflected wave receiving unit provided in the controller 16 emits a plurality of infrared beams to the watching subject, the subject receives the infrared beam. Then, a reflected wave is emitted from the subject who has received this infrared beam, and the reflected wave receiving unit receives this reflected wave. Then, as shown in FIG. 11, the joint skeleton position extraction unit extracts the position of the joint portion 52 and the position of the skeleton portion 53 of the subject who has received the infrared beam by the reflected wave. For example, a head, a neck, a shoulder joint, an elbow joint, a wrist, a hand, a waist, a hip joint, a knee joint, and a foot are recognized as the joint portion 52. The skeleton part 53 is recognized as a line connecting the joint parts 52. Then, from the positions of the joint part 52 and the skeleton part 53 extracted by the joint skeleton position extraction unit, the positions of the left and right shoulders and the left and right buttock of the subject are determined by the shoulder part position determination unit. This shoulder buttock position determining unit determines the positions of the left and right shoulders from the position of the joint part 52 indicating the shoulder joint and the position of the surrounding skeleton 53, and the position of the joint part 52 indicating the hip joint and its surroundings. The positions of the left and right buttocks are determined from the position of the skeleton part 53. Then, by measuring the amount of temporal displacement between the position of the left and right shoulders and the position of the left and right buttocks, the walking state determination unit determines whether the walking state of the subject is a walking state in which the subject is likely to fall. Determine whether.

  The bedroom B is provided with a voice hook made of a flexible material made into a doll. When the subject falls or the danger of the subject falls is detected by the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a, the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b, or the like, A voice such as "What are you doing" or "Is it all right?" In response to this call, when the target person utters a sound such as “OK” or “Help”, the microphone provided in the voice dial picks up the sound. Since this voice information is transmitted to an external care service base or a remote family home by an information transmission section provided in the voice call section, is this care service base in a state where the target person is in danger? It is possible to grasp whether or not. In addition, the voice dial is provided with an LED, and this LED informs the person to be watched over or the person at home of the subject. Further, the voice calling unit is provided with an ON / OFF switch for confirming the intention of the subject. This ON / OFF switch can be turned ON / OFF by pressing the ON / OFF switch when the subject cannot speak in response to a call from the voice-speaking unit but can move the body. The fact that the switch has been pressed is transmitted to an external care service base or a remote family home by the information transmission unit, and can inform the outside that the subject is in an abnormal state.

  Moreover, the lighting fixture for illuminating the room is attached to the ceiling of this bedroom B, The illumination intensity sensor 18 is incorporated in this lighting fixture, for example. The illuminance sensor 18 is controlled by the controller 16, and the controller 16 is provided with an illuminance detection unit and an illuminance threshold value determination unit. The illuminance detection unit provided in the controller 16 detects the illuminance in the room. The illuminance threshold determination unit determines whether or not the illuminance detected by the illuminance detection unit is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold. The subject who enters the room turns on the light when the room is dark. That is, when the illuminance in the room is equal to or greater than the threshold value, it is possible that the subject has entered the room and the lighting has been turned on, so it can be estimated that the subject is in the room. However, since outside light enters the room through a window or the like, it is necessary to determine the threshold value in consideration of the illuminance due to the outside light.

  An air conditioner 5 is attached to the wall of the bedroom B, and a television 4 is installed near the bed 3. A room adjacent to the bedroom B is a kitchen K, and the refrigerator 6 is installed in the kitchen K. There is a toilet T next to the kitchen K, and a toilet 7 is installed in the toilet T. And the lighting fixture is attached to the ceiling of this toilet T, and the human sensitive sensor 13 is incorporated in this lighting fixture. The human sensor 13 is controlled by a controller 16, and the controller 16 includes a temperature change amount detection unit and a temperature change amount threshold determination unit. The human sensor 13 is also referred to as a pyroelectric sensor, and is a sensor that detects a human movement using a pyroelectric effect (a phenomenon in which a charged charge increases or decreases due to a temperature change). For example, when a person enters the toilet T, since the temperature in the toilet T changes, the human sensor 13 reacts and the illumination incorporating the human sensor 13 is lit, but the person moves in the toilet T. If there is not, the temperature in the toilet T does not change, so the human sensor 13 does not react and turns off. In this human sensor 13, a temperature change amount detection unit detects a change amount of temperature at a plurality of positions such as an indoor floor or a wall, and a temperature change amount threshold determination unit detects a temperature change amount at the plurality of positions. It is determined whether or not at least one of the change amounts has a temperature change amount equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value. If there is no subject in the room, the temperature of the floor or wall in the room will not change significantly. However, if the subject enters the room and stands on the floor where the temperature is detected, the temperature change detection unit blocks the temperature detection of the floor, etc. Will be detected. And, in a plurality of positions such as the floor or wall in the room, when the temperature change amount is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the temperature of the subject's body temperature is higher than the floor or the like in the room. It can be estimated that there is a subject in the room.

  By combining the human sensor 13 and the illuminance sensor 18, for example, even if it is estimated by the human sensor 13 that the target person is in the room, it is confirmed that the illumination is dark by the illuminance sensor 18. It is possible to recognize that there is a possibility that an abnormality has occurred in the subject because the room is dark despite the presence of the subject. On the contrary, even if it is estimated by the human sensor 13 that there is no subject in the room, even if it is confirmed by the illuminance sensor 18 that the illumination continues to be lit, Since the illumination of is continuously lit, it is possible to recognize the possibility of an abnormality. Further, by combining the human sensor 13 and the two-dimensional temperature distribution sensors 2a and 2b, for example, even if it is estimated by the human sensor 13 that the target person is present in the room, the room temperature is too low or too cold. In this case, even if it is estimated that there is no subject in the room, the possibility that the subject is in an abnormal state can be recognized when the temperature of the room is too high.

  And the electric energy sensor 14 is connected to the household appliance etc. which were installed in this home, and this grasps | ascertains the usage condition of this household appliance. The electric energy sensor 14 can measure the electric energy of each connected home appliance or the like. What is connected to the electric energy sensor 14 is a toilet 7 and a lighting fixture provided in the toilet T, and a refrigerator 6 provided in the kitchen K. Further, in the bedroom B, those connected to the electric energy sensor 14 are the bed 3, the bed controller 17, the television 4, the lighting fixture, the air conditioner 5, the active infrared sensor 15, the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a, and the first one. 2 is a two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b. Each sensor provided in the home is controlled by the controller 16, and the sensors controlled by the controller 16 are the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a and the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b. A floor sensor 11, a body motion sensor 12, an illuminance sensor 18, a human sensor 13, an electric energy sensor 14, and an active infrared sensor 15. The power amount sensor 14 is controlled by a controller 16, and the controller 16 is provided with a power consumption extraction unit and a power consumption threshold determination unit. The power consumption extraction unit provided in the controller 16 extracts the power consumption in the room. And a power consumption threshold value determination part determines whether the power consumption extracted by the power consumption extraction part is more than a predetermined threshold value. When the target person is at home, use the home appliances by turning on the lights or watching the TV 4, so if the power consumption is greater than or equal to the threshold, guess that the target person is at home Can do. However, since many home appliances require standby power, it is necessary to determine a threshold value in consideration of this standby power. By combining the electric energy sensor 14 and the human sensor 13, for example, even if it is estimated by the human sensor 13 that there is no subject in the room, the electric energy sensor 14 is lit. When it is confirmed, or when it is confirmed that the power of the TV 4 is kept on, the illumination continues to be turned on or the TV 4 is kept on even though there is no target person. Therefore, it can be recognized that an abnormality may have occurred in the subject.

  The monitoring range of each of these sensors is shown in FIG. The home of the person being watched over enters the entrance E1 through the entrance E1, and can go to the toilet T and the bath Ba through the hallway C from the entrance E. In addition, the corridor C allows access to the bedroom B, and the bedroom B can enter the kitchen K. In the bedroom B, in addition to the bed 3, a television 4 and a sofa 8 are installed. Then, the watching target person's home is monitored on the bed 3 provided in the bedroom B by the bed leaving sensor 11 and the body motion sensor 12. Further, the active infrared sensor 15 has a monitoring range in the vicinity of the bed 3, whereby the person to be watched is monitored in the vicinity of the bed 3. For example, the active infrared sensor 15 grasps the state of the subject who is going to get out of the bed 3. The first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2 a and the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2 b are sensors that monitor the person being watched in the vicinity of the bed 3 and the bed 3. Further, the illuminance sensor 18 includes the illuminance sensor 18 in a lighting fixture installed in the room, thereby setting the entire room as a monitoring range. Similarly to the illuminance sensor 18, the human sensor 13 also includes the human sensor 13 in a lighting fixture so that the entire room is set as a monitoring range. The places where the monitoring target person is monitored by the illuminance sensor 18 and the human sensor 13 are the entrance E, the corridor C, the toilet T, the bath Ba, the kitchen K, and the bedroom B. The electric energy sensor 14 is used to check the usage status of home appliances by connecting to the home electric appliances. The electric energy sensor 14 covers the entire home.

  In the present embodiment, each sensor of the monitoring support device 1 is arranged at home, but can also be arranged at a nursing facility or a hospital as shown in FIG. The room R1 of the person to be watched exits from the entrance E1 of the room and becomes a corridor C of a nursing facility or a hospital, and the adjacent room R2 of this room is a neighbor's room. In the room, for example, a bed 3, a television 4, a desk 9, a chair 10, a clothes rack 63, and the like are arranged. In the own room of the person being watched over, the person being watched over is monitored on the bed 3 by the bed sensor 11 and the body motion sensor 12, and the person being watched over is monitored around the bed 3 by the active infrared sensor 15. In the vicinity of the bed 3 and the bed 3, the person to be watched is monitored by the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a and the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b. In the own room R1, the entrance E1 of the room, and the toilet T installed in the own room R1, the person being watched over is monitored by the human sensor 13, the illuminance sensor 18, and the electric energy sensor 14. The information from the human sensor 13 and the information from the illuminance sensor 18, the electric energy sensor 14, or the two-dimensional temperature distribution sensors 2a and 2b are combined to detect a change (abnormality) in the life pattern of the person being watched over. To do.

  Next, the configuration of the controller 16 of the watching support apparatus 1 will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, the controller 16 includes a temperature distribution detection unit 1a, a temperature determination unit 1b, a feature amount extraction unit 1c, and a determination unit 1d. The temperature distribution detection unit 1a includes a first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a and a second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b installed in the bedroom. In the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a, as described above, the sensor section is directed from the upper side to the lower side of the bed 3, so that the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a In the vicinity, the first temperature distribution is measured two-dimensionally from the upper side to the lower side of the bed 3. On the other hand, as described above, the sensor portion of the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b is directed horizontally from the side of the bed 3. As a result, the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b measures the second temperature distribution two-dimensionally in the horizontal direction from the side of the bed 3 in and around the bed 3.

  And the temperature discrimination | determination part 1b of the extraction part 1e of the controller 16 first divides | segments the 1st temperature distribution 36 into several cells, as shown to Fig.7 (a). The plurality of cells are two-dimensionally arranged. For example, the plurality of cells are a cell group including eight cells in the horizontal direction and eight cells in the vertical direction, and a total of 64 cells. And the temperature discrimination | determination part 1b divides and displays the temperature in each cell of a cell group in five steps, and grasps | ascertains the temperature of each cell. Moreover, the temperature determination part 1b grasps | ascertains the 2nd temperature distribution 37 corresponding to each cell similarly to the 1st temperature distribution 36 (FIG.7 (c)). Then, any one of the four corners of this cell group is set as the origin, for example, the cell in the upper left corner is set as the origin. 7A and 7C, the temperature distributions 36 and 37 shown in FIGS. 7A and 7C are the highest temperature cell 31, the second highest temperature cell 32, the third highest temperature cell 33, and the fourth highest temperature. It consists of a high cell 34 and a cell 35 having the lowest temperature.

  As shown in FIGS. 7A and 7C, the temperature discriminating unit 1b converts the first temperature distribution 36 and the second temperature distribution 37, which are divided into five stages, into the temperature (fourth in the cell 34). The cells are classified into a cell exhibiting a higher temperature) and a cell 35 having the lowest temperature. A cell having a temperature equal to or higher than the temperature in the cell 34 is defined as a first cell 41, and the cell 35 is defined as a second cell 43 (FIGS. 7B and 7D). As described above, the temperature discriminating unit 1b displays the first temperature distribution 36 and the second temperature distribution 37, which are displayed in five stages, in a two-stage display including the first cell 41 and the second cell 43. Make temperature distribution. That is, the five-value temperature distribution is binarized. In the present embodiment, the temperature is classified into a higher temperature and a lower temperature depending on the temperature in the cell 34. However, the classified temperature may be set to a predetermined threshold value. In this case, in the first temperature distribution 36 and the second temperature distribution 37, the first cell 41 has a temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold, and the second cell 43 has a temperature lower than the predetermined threshold. The predetermined threshold may be a temperature at which a human body can be recognized, and is 20 ° C., for example.

  With respect to the first temperature distribution 36 binarized by the temperature discriminating unit 1b, as shown in FIG. 7B, the feature amount extracting unit 1c of the extracting unit 1e of the controller 16 has the first cell 41 vertically. A region continuous in the direction and the horizontal direction is detected, and a feature region 42 surrounding the detected region in a rectangle is obtained. This characteristic region 42 is a temperature region indicating a human body. Next, the feature amount extraction unit 1 c calculates the number of first cells 41 existing in the feature region 42 and sets this as the area of the feature region 42. In FIG. 7B, the number of first cells 41 existing in the feature area 42 is nine. Then, the feature amount extraction unit 1c obtains the number of cells as the length of the feature region 42 in the vertical direction. This is the vertical length of the feature area 42. In FIG. 7B, the number of cells as the vertical length of the feature region 42 is four. The feature amount extraction unit 1 c also obtains the number of cells as the horizontal length of the feature region 42, and sets this as the horizontal length of the feature region 42. In FIG. 7B, the number of cells as the length of the feature region 42 in the horizontal direction is three. Then, the feature quantity extraction unit 1c obtains the position of the cell representing the feature area 42. For example, when the origin is set to the upper left corner of the cell group, the number of cells in the horizontal direction is counted from the cell, and the number of the position is determined by the coordinate in the horizontal direction (x direction). The number of cells in the vertical direction is counted, and the number is set as the coordinate position in the vertical direction (y direction). When this representative cell is a cell in the upper left corner of the feature area 42, the position of the representative cell is 4 in the x direction and 2 in the y direction in FIG. 4, 2).

  Thus, the number (area) of the first cells existing in the feature region 42, the number of cells (vertical length) as the length of the feature region 42 in the vertical direction, and the length of the feature region 42 in the horizontal direction. The number of cells (horizontal length) and the position of the cell representing the feature region 42 are set as four feature amounts, and the feature amount extraction unit 1c extracts the four feature amounts. The feature amount extraction unit 1 c also extracts four feature amounts for the second temperature distribution 37 as with the first temperature distribution 36. As shown in FIG. 7D, in the feature region 42 in which the region in which the first cells 41 are continuous in the vertical and horizontal directions is surrounded by a rectangle, the area of the feature region 42 (the first region existing in the feature region 42). The number of one cell 41) is 18, and the vertical length of the characteristic region 42 (the number of cells as the vertical length of the characteristic region 42) is eight, and this horizontal length ( The number of cells as the horizontal length of the feature region 42) is four, and the position of the cell representing the feature region 42 is the cell in the upper left corner of the feature region 42, Its coordinates are (2, 0).

  As described above, the extraction unit 1e configured by the temperature determination unit 1b and the feature amount extraction unit 1c is configured to extract the feature region 42, that is, the human body from the first temperature distribution 36 detected by the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a. Is extracted. And this extraction part 1e extracts the temperature area | region (characteristic area | region 42) which shows a human body also from the 2nd temperature distribution 37 which the 2nd two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b detected.

  Then, the determination unit 1d of the controller 16 determines whether the human body is standing, sitting or lying from the human body temperature region in the first temperature distribution 36 and the second temperature distribution 37 extracted by the feature amount extraction unit 1c. . This determination is performed based on four feature amounts including the area in the human body temperature region (feature region 42), the vertical length, the horizontal length, and the position of the representative cell. First, when these four feature amounts are included in a predetermined range, it is determined that the feature region 42 is a human region. For example, if the area (the number of the first cells 41 existing in the feature region 42) is equal to or less than a certain value, it is not a person but merely a noise, which is excluded. On the other hand, if the area is equal to or larger than a certain value, it is not a person but a larger heat source object, and this is excluded. Also, the vertical length (the number of cells as the length in the vertical direction of the feature region 42) and the horizontal length (the number of cells as the length in the horizontal direction of the feature region 42) are the upper limit values as in the area. And if a lower limit value is provided and it is out of the range, it is determined as noise and is not determined to be a human area. For example, if the position of the cell representing the feature region 42 is at an extremely high position or a low position, it is unlikely that a person is at the position, and this is considered as noise and can be excluded. To do. As this noise, for example, a movement of a small animal such as a pet of a person to be watched over or a swing of a curtain due to wind or the like is a cause.

  As described above, after eliminating the noise, the standing position, the sitting position, or the supine position of the human body is determined from the four feature amounts in the human region (non-noise feature region 42). For example, when the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a is used to observe a person from the top to the bottom, if the person is standing or sitting, the vertical length is the width of the person, The length is a length in a direction perpendicular to the width. When the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b observes the person horizontally from the side, if the person is standing or sitting, the vertical length is the height of the person, Is the length in the direction perpendicular to the width. In addition, when a person is in a supine position, these are not true even if the person is observed from above and from the side. Thus, in the observation from the upper side and the side, the portions corresponding to the vertical length and the horizontal length are different, so the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a installed above the bed and the bed side In the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b installed in the direction, it is necessary to change the condition for determining whether a person is standing, sitting or lying.

  For example, in the first temperature distribution 36 measured from the upper side to the lower side of the bed 3 by the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a, when the person is standing, the two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a to the person Since the distance is close, the feature region 42 becomes large. However, when the person is in the sitting position, the feature region 42 is small because the distance is long. Thus, in the first temperature distribution 36, the size of the area can be a condition for determining standing or sitting. In the case of the prone position, since the vertical length or the horizontal length becomes long, this can be used as a determination condition. Further, for example, in the second temperature distribution 37 measured horizontally from the side of the bed 3 by the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b, the vertical length (height) is extremely large when standing. Although it becomes longer and the lateral length (the length in the direction perpendicular to the width) becomes shorter, in the case of the sitting position, the difference between the longitudinal length and the lateral length becomes small. Therefore, the ratio between the vertical length and the horizontal length is calculated, and if this ratio is large, it can be in a standing position, and if it is small, it can be in a sitting position. In the case of the recumbent position, since the coordinate position is close to the floor surface, this coordinate position can be used as the determination condition.

  However, even if a person's standing position, sitting position, or prone position is determined only from the first temperature distribution 36, the determination accuracy is low. 9D, FIG. 9E, and FIG. 9F show the standing position 43a (FIG. 9G), the sitting position 43b (FIG. 9H), and the prone position 43c (FIG. 9I), respectively. It is the first temperature distribution 36 in)). Comparing FIG. 9D and FIG. 9E, since the area of the characteristic region 42 is larger in FIG. 9D, the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a installed on the ceiling and the person It can be predicted that the distance between the two is close and this is determined to be the standing position 43a, but a person standing on the floor and a person sitting on the bed 3 are detected by the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a. When measured, the distance between the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a and the person standing on the floor, the distance between the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a and the person sitting on the bed 3, The difference between the two becomes smaller, and it becomes difficult to determine the standing position or the sitting position. The same applies to a person sitting on the floor and a person sleeping on the bed 3. In this case, it is difficult to determine the sitting position or the supine position.

  On the other hand, even if a person's standing position, sitting position, or prone position is determined only from the second temperature distribution 37, the determination accuracy is low as with the first temperature distribution 36. FIG. 9A shows the second temperature distribution 37 in the standing position 43a, FIG. 9B shows the second temperature distribution 37 in the sitting position 43b, and FIG. 9C shows the second temperature distribution 37 in the standing position 43c. This is a second temperature distribution 37. Comparing FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B, in FIG. 9A, the vertical length of the feature region 42 is longer and the horizontal length is shorter. Judge that there is. However, since the vertical length of FIG. 9 (a) and FIG. 9 (b) is only the difference of one cell, for example, when a person in a sitting position bends without extending his / her legs, When the length in the direction perpendicular to the width direction is shortened, the difference between the lateral lengths of the feature regions 42 in the sitting position and the standing position becomes small, and it becomes difficult to determine the sitting position or the standing position. Further, regarding the lying position, if the sleeping direction or the falling direction is perpendicular to the direction of the sensor part of the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b (the direction from the side of the bed 3 toward the horizontal), As shown in FIG. 9C, since the lateral length of the feature region 42 becomes long, it is easy to determine the supine position, but the sensor portion of the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b When parallel to the direction, the lateral length of the feature region 42 is shortened, so that the difference from the sitting position is small. Therefore, in this case, it is difficult to determine the sitting position or the supine position.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, the determination accuracy is improved by combining the first temperature distribution 36 and the second temperature distribution 37 to determine the standing position, the sitting position, or the supine position of the person. First, in the first temperature distribution 36 shown in FIG. 9D, the vertical length or horizontal width of the feature region 42 is 4 and the horizontal length is 3. The possibility of the prone position 43c in which the length of the direction becomes long is excluded. Further, since the area of the feature region 42 is 9 and is relatively large, the possibility of the standing position 43a is high. However, since it is difficult to completely distinguish the standing position 43a or the sitting position 43b from FIG. 9D, the vertical region of the characteristic region 42 of the second temperature distribution 37 shown in FIG. Focus on length and lateral length. In FIG. 9A, the vertical length of the feature region 42 is 9, and the horizontal length is 4. Therefore, the feature region 42 is vertically long and short horizontally. That is, from FIG. 9A, the possibility of the standing position 43a is high. Thus, FIG. 9A (first temperature distribution 36) shows that the possibility of standing 43a is high, and FIG. 9D (second temperature distribution 37) also shows that Since it is shown that the possibility of the position 43a is high, the determination unit 1d determines that the human body is the standing position 43a.

  Next, in the first temperature distribution 36 shown in FIG. 9E, the vertical length of the characteristic region 42 is 2 and the horizontal length is 3, so FIG. Similarly to the above, the possibility of the supine position 43c is excluded. And since the area of this characteristic region 42 is 6 and is relatively small, the possibility of the sitting position 43b is high, but it cannot be determined that it is the sitting position 43b alone. On the other hand, the vertical length of the characteristic region 42 of the second temperature distribution 37 shown in FIG. 9B is 8 and the horizontal length is 5. Thus, although the shape of the characteristic region 42 is long in the vertical direction, there is also a horizontal length, so the possibility of the sitting position 43b is higher than that in the standing position 43a. As described above, since the first temperature distribution 36 shown in FIG. 9B and the second temperature distribution 37 shown in FIG. 9E indicate that the seat 43b is highly likely, Thus, the determination unit 1d determines that the human body is in the sitting position 43b.

  Further, in the first temperature distribution 36 shown in FIG. 9F, the vertical length 7 of the feature region 42 is long, and since the length is long, there is a high possibility of the depression 43c. In the second temperature distribution 37 shown in FIG. 9C, the lateral length of the feature region 42 is as long as 7, and the upper left corner of the feature region 42 that is a cell representing the feature region 42 is displayed. The position of the cell is (0, 5), and since the height in the y direction is low, the possibility of the recumbent position 43c is high. As described above, in both the first temperature distribution 36 and the second temperature distribution 37 shown in FIGS. 9C and 9F, it is shown that the possibility of the depression 43c is high. The determination unit 1d determines that the human body is in the prone position 43c. Note that the two-dimensional temperature distribution sensors 2a and 2b controlled by the controller 16 detect, for example, an area of 2m × 2m by an 8 × 8 matrix, but the resolution is as low as 30cm. The state of the person can be determined in real time without infringing on the privacy of the target person (person).

  In the present embodiment, the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a, the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b, and the bed leaving sensor 11 are combined to monitor the person, thereby more reliably preventing the person from falling. Can be done. For example, even if the bed sensor 11 detects that a person is in the end sitting position, the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a and the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b indicate that the person is in a supine position. If it is determined that the person is not sitting at the end position of the bed 3 but sleeping at the end position of the bed 3, the person has a high risk of falling from the bed 3. Can be recognized.

  In this way, in addition to the monitoring by the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a, the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b and the bed leaving sensor 11, the monitoring by the body motion sensor 12 is added to prevent a person from falling. , Can be more reliably prevented. For example, the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a and the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b determine that the person's posture is in the supine position, and the bed sensor 11 detects that the person is not in the end sitting position. The person 3 is recognized as sleeping in the center of the bed 3. However, if the body motion sensor 12 recognizes that the movement on the bed 3 is active, there is a possibility that the person is rampaging on the bed 3. Even in such a case, it is possible to detect that the risk of falling from the bed 3 is high.

  Further, by combining the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a, the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b, and the like with the active infrared sensor 15, and monitoring a person, the detection accuracy of the fall can be improved. . For example, it is determined by the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a and the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b that the posture of the person is supine, and the active infrared sensor 15 further determines each joint 52 and each skeleton. If it is determined from the position of the unit 53 that the posture of the person is in the supine position, the supine position is determined by the three sensors, and the determination accuracy is extremely high. Further, based on the information from the active infrared sensor 15, the risk of the person falling is grasped from the walking state of the person. When a person's way of walking is, for example, an unstable walking pattern (gait) that is staggered, the person may lose balance during walking and fall. For this reason, it is possible to detect the risk of falling, that is, the risk of falling, from the wobbling of the gait.

  In the present embodiment, the illuminance sensor 18 is further combined with the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a, the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b, and the like to monitor the person, thereby further improving the state of the person. It is possible to grasp with certainty. For example, the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a and the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b determine that the posture of the person is supine, and the illuminance sensor 18 determines that the illuminance is lower than the threshold value. Then, it can be estimated that the light is turned off for sleep. On the other hand, even if the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a and the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b determine that the posture of the person is supine, the illuminance sensor 18 determines that the illuminance is greater than or equal to the threshold value. If it is done, there is a possibility of fainting instead of sleep, so the controller 16 may report the situation to an external care service base, etc., and the care service base may recognize the situation. it can.

  Further, by combining the human sensor 13 with the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a, the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b, and the like, it is possible to grasp the human life pattern. Of the temperature at a plurality of positions such as the floor or wall in the room, the time at which at least one temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold and the time lower than the predetermined threshold are continuously measured. By continuing this for about one month, for example, it is usually possible to know when a person enters and leaves. When this continuous entry / exit time is compared with the current behavior, if it is detected that the current entry / exit time is different from the continuous entry / exit time, there may be an abnormality in the person. Therefore, the controller 16 can inform the outside of the abnormal situation.

In the present embodiment, the life pattern of a person can be grasped by combining the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a, the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b, and the like with the electric energy sensor 14. This power consumption is continuously measured for about one month, for example. As a result, it is usually possible to know when a person consumes more power and when the person consumes less power. Compared to the time when this power is consumed or not consumed, if the time is significantly shifted or no power is consumed at all, there is a possibility of an abnormal condition such as fainting. The controller 16 can contact the outside.
When it is detected that a person has fallen or fainted based on the information obtained from each sensor, the controller 16 informs a nearby care service base or a remote family home 72. Contact 71 is made. Then, an emergency request 73 is manually made from the care service base or a remote family home 72, and the person is transported to the hospital 74.

  It should be noted that a place where an alarm is presented when a fall occurs or the like is distinguished when an actual fall occurs or when the risk of a fall increases. Furthermore, when a fall occurs, the situation at the time of the fall is considered, and when the risk of falling increases, the degree of the risk is taken into consideration and the place where the warning is presented is determined. For example, if a fall actually occurs, a warning is given to the person being watched over, a care station such as a nursing care facility, or a nearby care service base (such as a civil welfare committee or a care taxi trader), and the risk of a fall occurring In the case where the performance has increased, an alarm is presented to a remote family house or, if necessary, a nearby care service base.

  Thus, in this embodiment, the fall detection that issues a warning when a fall actually occurs and the fall risk determination that issues a warning when the risk of a fall increases are performed. As described above, the fall detection is mainly performed by the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a and the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b. In addition, the fall risk level is determined by detecting a walking pattern, i.e., gait fluctuation, by the active infrared sensor 15, in addition to the human sensor 13, the illuminance sensor 18, the electric energy sensor 14, or the two-dimensional. This is performed by detecting a lifestyle pattern based on the information obtained from the temperature distribution sensors 2a and 2b. When the person being watched over is walking in an unstable manner, there is a risk of falling out of balance. For this reason, the wobbling of the gait of the person being watched over detected by the active infrared sensor 15 is an index for determining the risk of falling. Furthermore, in addition to the wobbling of the gait and the like, the human sensor 13, the illuminance sensor 18, the electric energy sensor 14, or the two-dimensional temperature distribution sensors 2a and 2b can be used to locate the person to be watched, the time and the time Etc. are measured. And if it is recognized from these information that there is a change in the life pattern of the person being watched over, and the life pattern is different from the normal life pattern, the amount of life activity of the person being watched will change, It is determined that the risk of falling has increased.

  Next, the hardware configuration of the watching support apparatus 1 will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, the controller 16 includes a controller basic board 91, a controller expansion board 92, and a power source 96. The controller basic board 91 is provided with a CPU 91c, a memory 91f, and an FPGA 91g. This FPGA 91g enables programming to the controller basic board 91. The controller basic board 91 receives information from the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a and the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b via the I2C I / F 91a, and stores the information in the memory 91f. To do. In addition, the controller basic board 91 receives information from the bed leaving sensor 11 via the RS485 I / F 91b, and stores the information in the memory 91f. Then, the information from each sensor is called from the memory 91f, and the program of the FPGA 91g is operated by the CPU 91b, so that the state of the subject can be changed to a nearby care service base or a remote family via the digital input / output 91e. It is transmitted to the home 72 by a display lamp, a buzzer, and a nurse call 93. In addition, when the voice calling unit speaks to the subject and confirms that the subject is safe, information that the subject is safe is sent to a nearby care service base or a remote family home 72. Communicated. When it is confirmed that the subject is safe, the cancel input device 94 that sends the monitoring of the subject to the controller 16 sends a monitoring continuation command for the subject to the controller 16 via the digital input / output 91e. Is done. The controller basic board 91 is provided with an RS232C I / F 91d, and the controller basic board 91 and the controller expansion board 92 are connected via the RS232C I / F 91d.

  The controller expansion board 92 is provided with a CPU 92b, a memory 92f, and a storage 92g. Then, the controller extension board 92 receives information from the body motion sensor 12 via the RS232C I / F 92a, and stores the information in the memory 92f. As described above, since the controller basic board 91 and the controller extension board 92 are connected by the RS232C I / F 92a, two RS232C I / F 92a are provided on the controller extension board 92. The controller expansion board 92 receives information from the human sensor 13 and the electric energy sensor 14 via the ZigBee I / F 92c, and stores the information from each sensor in the memory 92f. In addition, information from the active infrared sensor 15 is received via the USB I / F 92d, and this information is stored in the memory 92f. Then, the information from each sensor stored in the memory 92f is called, and the software stored in the storage 92g is operated by the CPU 92b, so that the voice is sent to the nearby care service base or the remote family home 72 via WiFi. Output 97, contact external reporting, access external database.

  Next, the operation of the watching support apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 6 is a flowchart of the controller of the watching support apparatus, and FIG. 8 is a temperature distribution diagram measured by a two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor. 9A is a temperature distribution diagram in the standing position detected by the two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor arranged on the side of the bed, FIG. 9B is a temperature distribution diagram in the sitting position, and FIG. 9C. FIG. 4 is a temperature distribution diagram in a saddle position. 9D is a temperature distribution diagram in the standing position detected by the two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor arranged above the bed, FIG. 9E is a temperature distribution diagram in the sitting position, and FIG. FIG. Further, FIG. 9 (g) is a diagram showing the standing position, FIG. 9 (h) is a diagram showing the sitting position, and FIG. 9 (i) is a diagram showing the lying position. As shown in FIG. 8, the temperature distribution acquired at regular intervals changes as the heat source object such as a person moves. 8A, 8B, and 8C, the cell 31 with the highest temperature, the cell 32 with the second highest temperature, the cell 33 with the third highest temperature, the cell 34 with the fourth highest temperature, and A cell 35 having the lowest temperature is shown, and it can be estimated that a human body exists in a portion where a large number of cells 31, 32, 33, etc. are gathered.

  As shown in FIG. 6, first, the first temperature distribution sensor 2a measures the first temperature distribution 36, and the second temperature distribution sensor 2b measures the second temperature distribution 37 (step S1). Next, the first temperature distribution 36 and the second temperature distribution 37 are divided into 8 × 8 cells (step S2). At this time, the temperature of each cell is classified into five stages. Then, each cell is classified into a first cell 41 that is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature threshold and a second cell 43 that is lower than the temperature threshold (step S3). Thus, after classifying into the 1st cell 41 and the 2nd cell 43, the area | region where the 1st cell 41 continues in the vertical direction and a horizontal direction is detected, and the feature area | region 42 which surrounds this detected area | region in a rectangle Is obtained (step S4). As shown in FIG. 9A, when the second temperature distribution 37 measured by the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b is binarized, the first cell 41 having a temperature higher than the threshold value is vertically aligned. The region continuous in the horizontal direction is long in the vertical direction and short in the horizontal direction. In the feature region 42 in which the first cell 41 surrounds a region in which the first cell 41 is continuous in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, the number (area) of the first cells existing in the feature region 42 is eighteen. The number of cells (vertical length) as the vertical length of the feature region 42 is 8, and the number of cells (horizontal length) as the horizontal length of the feature region 42 is 4. . The position of the cell representing the feature region 42, for example, the cell in the upper left corner of the feature region 42 is 2 in the vertical direction (x direction) and 0 in the vertical direction (y direction). In this way, four feature amounts are extracted (step S5). If these feature amounts are included in predetermined ranges, the feature region 42 is determined to be a human region. Note that, for example, the first cell 41 at the coordinates (0, 1) in FIG. 9A has an area of 1, a vertical length, and a horizontal length of 1, and thus is out of a predetermined range. Is not recognized as a human area as noise and is removed. Of the four feature amounts in the feature region 42, when the ratio of the vertical length: 8 and the horizontal length: 4 is calculated, the ratio is 2. Since the coordinates (2, 0) of the feature region 42 have a high position, it is highly possible that the feature region 42 is standing from this ratio and coordinate position.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9 (d), in the first temperature distribution 36 that is measured by the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a and binarized, the first cells 41 are arranged in the vertical direction and In the feature region 42 surrounding the region continuous in the horizontal direction, the number of the first cells 41 in the feature region 42 is nine, the feature region 42 has a vertical length of 4, and a horizontal length of 3. . Of the four corners of the feature area 42, the coordinates of the upper left cell are (4, 2). When these feature amounts are included in predetermined ranges, the feature region 42 is determined to be a human region. When the person is standing, the number of cells (area) increases because the distance between the person and the two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a is short. Of the four feature quantities in the feature region 42, the area is 9, so the area is relatively large. Therefore, there is a high possibility that the feature region 42 is standing. As described above, since both the first temperature distribution 36 and the second temperature distribution 37 indicate that the possibility of standing is high, the determining unit 1d determines that the position is standing ( Step S6). 9A and 9D are temperature distributions obtained by detecting the standing position 43a shown in FIG. 9G using a two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor. As described above, it was confirmed that the state of a person can be easily determined by using this apparatus.

  Then, the second temperature distribution 37 obtained by detecting the sitting position 43b shown in FIG. 9H using the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b is shown in FIG. 9B, and the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor. FIG. 9E shows the first temperature distribution 36 detected using 2a. As shown in FIG. 9B, the vertical length of the feature region 42 is shorter than the standing position 43a, and the horizontal length is increased accordingly. Further, as shown in FIG. 9 (e), the area is smaller than the standing position 43a, but since this is the sitting position 43b, the distance between the two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor disposed above and the person This is due to the fact that

  9C and 9F show the second temperature distribution 37 and the first temperature distribution 37c measured by the second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b, respectively, at the position 43c shown in FIG. 9I. This is a first temperature distribution 36 measured by the two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a. As shown in FIG. 9C, the area is 13, which is smaller than the standing position 43a and the sitting position 43b. The vertical length of the feature region 42 is 3, the horizontal length is 6, and the coordinate position is (0, 5), which is a low position. The feature region 42 is determined to be a human region from the number of areas and the length and width, and the feature region 42 has a high possibility of lying down due to its low coordinate position. Further, as shown in FIG. 9F, in the temperature distribution in the first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a disposed above, the vertical length of the feature region 42 including the first cell 41 is extremely long. The horizontal length is short. Thereby, it is determined that the feature region 42 is a human region, and the posture is highly likely to be in a supine position. As described above, both the first temperature distribution 36 and the second temperature distribution 37 indicate that there is a high possibility of lying down, so it is determined that the posture of the person is lying down.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the present embodiment, a person's fall is detected by measuring the time for changing from a standing position to a sitting position and from a sitting position to a lying position. FIGS. 10A and 10B are diagrams illustrating measurement of the state change time of the watching support apparatus. As shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, the state of a person is continuously determined by a two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor. Then, the time measuring unit measures the time for the human state to change from the standing position to the sitting position and from the sitting position to the lying position. As shown in FIG. 10 (a), when the change time T1 exceeds a predetermined threshold time Th, it is considered that the person has taken an action of sleeping or crouching on the floor. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10B, when the change time T2 is within a predetermined threshold time Th, the fall detection unit detects a person's fall. This is because, when a person falls, the person immediately falls from the standing position to the sitting position, so if the time from the standing position to the standing position is short, this is judged to be a fall. . In such a case, the voice contact section will speak to the person who has fallen, confirm the safety of the person, and if there is a problem, the person will be informed of the fall, so that he / she will communicate the emergency to the outside. The fallen person can receive rescue from the outside.

  Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the present embodiment, the active infrared sensor 15 is used to determine the walking state of a person, and from the determination result, it is determined whether the walking is easy to fall or is difficult to fall. 12 is a graph showing the amount of movement of a person's head over time, FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing that the person is going to get out of the bed, and FIG. 14 is a joint part of the person who is going to get out of the bed. It is a figure which shows the skeleton model which extracted the position of skeleton part. As shown in FIG. 12, among the joint portions 52 obtained by the active infrared sensor 15, the amount of temporal displacement of the joint portion 52 at the head position is graphed, thereby grasping how the head shakes during walking. can do. Further, as shown in FIG. 13, an infrared beam is emitted to a person 61 who is going to leave the bed 62, and the positions of the joint portion 52 and the skeleton portion 53 obtained by the reflected wave are extracted and shown in FIG. 14. Thus, the skeleton model 51 is created. Since the shape of the skeleton model 51 obtained in this way is close to the posture of the person 61 who is going to get off the bed 62, the person around the bed and the bed is about to get out of bed by the active infrared sensor 15. It was confirmed that it can be grasped.

  Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. Fig.15 (a) is a figure which shows the reference point of this skeleton model, FIG.15 (b) is a walking condition measurement figure at the time of a healthy person walking. This walking situation measurement diagram is a graph in which the amount of temporal displacement of the positions of a person's right shoulder, left shoulder, starboard area, and port part is measured. FIG.15 (c) is a walking condition measurement figure when the weak person walks. FIG. 15 (d) is a walking situation measurement chart when a healthy person walks in the same direction, moving the same limbs on the left and right simultaneously in the same direction. FIG. 15 (e) is a figure of a debilitated person walking this number. It is a walking condition measurement figure at the time of doing. FIG. 15 (f) is a walking situation measurement diagram when a healthy person walks and FIG. 15 (g) is a walking situation measurement chart when a debilitated person walks. In addition, in this embodiment, in order to compare with the walking state measurement figure at the time of normal walking, the walking state at the time of number walking and drag walking is measured as a walking pattern different from normal walking. Further, FIGS. 15C, 15E, and 15G are not measured with respect to an actually debilitated person, but when a healthy person performs a simulated walk assuming a walk when debilitated. FIG. As shown in FIG. 15 (a), the temporal displacement of the right shoulder, left shoulder, starboard and left hips is measured using a portion corresponding to a human lumbar vertebra as a reference point among a plurality of joints of the skeleton model. . As shown in FIG. 15 (b), the normal walking in the normal state, the left and right shoulders and the left and right hips are smoothly displaced, whereas as shown in FIG. 15 (c), in the normal walking at the time of weakness, Each part doesn't move much. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 15 (d), in the number walking, the amount of displacement from the reference point is small at normal times, but as shown in FIG. 15 (e), the amount of displacement is very small in the debilitated state. It is a large and unstable way of walking. Furthermore, the walking situation when the dragging is performed can be said to be a slightly unstable way of walking with a larger amount of displacement than normal walking and number walking, as shown in FIG. 15 (f). Further, as shown in FIG. 15 (g), the drag walking in the debilitated state has a small amount of displacement over time, but the left shoulder is always behind the reference point, and the right shoulder is always ahead of the reference point. Therefore, it has become a bad way of walking. Thus, when the walking pattern (gait) is not normal, unlike normal walking, the amount of displacement of the position of the shoulders or buttocks increases. The amount of displacement can be used as an index of the risk of falling.

  Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the present embodiment, a daily life pattern is collected by using the watching support apparatus 1 and compared with the daily life pattern, the current behavior pattern status is grasped. FIG. 16 is a diagram showing extraction of daily life patterns, FIGS. 17 and 18 are diagrams and graphs showing flowcharts showing whether or not the current behavior pattern is normal from the extracted life patterns, FIG. 19 (a), FIG. 19 (b), and FIG. 19 (c) are diagrams showing examples of fuzzy inference, and FIG. 20 is a software structure diagram of the watching support apparatus. As shown in FIG. 16, a daily life pattern is extracted by integrating information from the above-described two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor, human sensor, body motion sensor, and power consumption sensor. For example, the start time, duration, and number of times (per unit time) for each event such as weather, toilet, meal, bathing, and sleep are read from the information obtained by each sensor and converted into data. And This life pattern is collected for a certain period, for example, one month. With respect to the start time, when the time (24 hours) is taken on the horizontal axis and the occurrence frequency (number of times) is taken on the vertical axis, the distribution is almost normal. The average value (the most frequently occurring time) and standard deviation of the distribution in the time axis direction are obtained (steps S1 and S4). Regarding the duration, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents occurrence frequency (number of times). Then, an average value and a standard deviation in the time axis direction of the distribution are obtained. At this time, it may be determined whether or not the event has been completed within a predetermined time by using the minimum time and the maximum time (steps S2 and S5). As for the number of occurrences, the horizontal axis represents the number of occurrences, the vertical axis represents the number of occurrences of the event per day, and the average number and the standard deviation are obtained. At this time, the minimum number and the maximum number may be used, or only the maximum number may be used. When only the maximum number of times is used, the determination is made based on whether or not it is within the appropriate number of times range (steps S3 and S6). 19, triangular or trapezoidal fuzzy sets of “slightly small (early time, short time, few times)”, “slightly large”, “very small”, and “very large” are added to these.

Then, when the life pattern (lifestyle behavior) is different from the behavior pattern for a certain period, for example, one month, it is determined that the life pattern is abnormal. For example, there is a case where the user sleeps normally when eating, a case where the number of toilets is small, or a case where sleep is long. The adaptability of lifestyle behavior based on the above start time, duration, and number of occurrences is obtained, and when this is less than a predetermined value, the lifestyle pattern is determined to be abnormal. This is a fuzzy inference rule, and if an action Xi is performed at a certain time t, the fitness level of the lifestyle behavior for various actions (events) X _{1 to} Xn at this time t (this event is performed at this time) Consistency with the probability of being present) can be obtained by fuzzy inference. In FIG. 19 (a), the value of the vertical axis at time t is obtained for each event, and the obtained value is applied to the vertical axis of FIG. 19 (c) to obtain a trapezoidal membership function (FIG. 18). . Based on this membership function, the fitness at time t is obtained, and if the fitness is small, it is determined as non-conformity and an abnormal state deviating from the daily life pattern (FIG. 17). Note that the degree of conformity is 1 in the case of perfect conformance, and the degree of conformance is 0 in the case of no conformance.

  The software structure of the monitoring support apparatus 1 according to the fourth embodiment is as shown in FIG. This software includes a living behavior recognition system 81, a living pattern generation system 82, an abnormal state detection system 83, and an alarm presentation system 84. In a living environment where an elderly person is present, the current action is recognized by the sensor data obtained by the sensor system 81a (81b). The sensor system 81a includes a first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2a, a second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor 2b, a bed sensor 11, a body motion sensor 12, an illuminance sensor 18, a human sensor 13, an electric energy sensor 14, and an active sensor. The infrared sensor 15 is used. This is the living behavior recognition system 81. The current behavior is accumulated in the living behavior database 82b, and a personally adapted behavior pattern 82a is generated from the accumulated behavior data. The generated behavior patterns are accumulated in the living behavior database 82b. This is the life pattern generation system 82. Then, when the current action 81b is compared with the life pattern stored in the life action database 82b and there is a difference between the current action 81b and the life pattern, the abnormal state detection system 83 detects the abnormality detection and level. Classification 83a is performed. This level classification 83a performs level division according to the magnitude of the difference between the current action 81b and the life pattern, for example. When this difference is small, the risk level of the elderly is low, and when the difference is large, the risk level of the elderly is high. Then, this result is converted into presentation information (84a). This presentation information may be, for example, the degree of risk corresponding to the classified level. And this presentation data is transmitted to the information presentation device 84b. This is the alarm presentation system 84. The information presentation device 84b supports elderly people based on the transmitted presentation data.

1: watching support device, 1a: temperature distribution detection unit, 1b: temperature determination unit, 1c: feature amount extraction unit, 1d: determination unit, 1e: extraction unit, 2a: first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor, 2b: first 2 two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor, 3: bed, 4: TV, 5: air conditioner, 6: refrigerator, 7: toilet, 8: sofa, 9: desk, 10: chair, 11: bed sensor, 12: body motion sensor , 13: human sensor, 14: electric energy sensor, 15: active infrared sensor, 16: controller, 17: bed controller, 18: illuminance sensor, 31: highest temperature cell, 32: second highest temperature cell 33: third highest temperature cell, 34: fourth highest temperature cell, 35: lowest temperature cell, 36: first temperature distribution, 37: second temperature distribution, 41: first Cell, 42: feature region, 43: second Cell, 43a: Standing position, 43b: Sitting position, 43c: Supine position, 51: Skeleton model, 52: Joint part, 53: Skeletal part, 61: Person, 62: Bed, 63: Outfit shelf, 71: Notification / contact, 72: Neighborhood care service base or remote family home, 73: Manual emergency request, 74: Hospital, 81: Living behavior recognition system, 81a: Sensor system, 81b: Recognition of current behavior, 82: Life pattern generation System, 82a: Personally adapted behavior pattern generation, 82b: Living behavior database, 83: Abnormal state detection system, 83a: Abnormality detection / level classification, 84: Alarm presentation system, 84a: Presentation information conversion, 84b: Information presentation device, 91: Controller basic board, 91a: I2C I / F, 91b: RS485 I / F, 91c: CPU, 91d: RS232C / F, 91e: Digital input / output, 91f: Memory, 91g: FPGA, 92: Controller expansion board, 92a: RS232C I / F, 92b: CPU, 92c: ZigBee I / F, 92d: USB I / F, 92e: WiFi, 92f: Memory, 92g: Storage, 93: Display lamp, buzzer, nurse call, 94: Cancel input device, 95: External report contact, External database access, Cloud compatible, Mobile terminal, 96: Power supply, 97: Audio output

Claims (13)

Measuring the two-dimensional first temperature distribution first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor and the second temperature distribution two-dimensionally toward horizontally from the side of the bed to measure downward from above the bed A temperature distribution detector having a second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor;
An extraction unit for extracting a temperature region indicating a human body from each of the first and second temperature distributions detected by the first and second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensors;
A determination unit that determines a standing position, a sitting position, or a supine position of the human body from the human body temperature region of the first temperature distribution and the human body temperature region of the second temperature distribution;
A time measurement unit that measures the time for the human body to change from standing to sitting and sitting to prone position;
If the time is within a predetermined time, a fall detection unit that detects a person's fall, and
A monitoring support device characterized by comprising: A first two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor that measures the first temperature distribution two-dimensionally from above to below the bed, and a second temperature distribution that measures two-dimensionally from the side of the bed horizontally. A temperature distribution detector having a second two-dimensional temperature distribution sensor;
The first and second temperature distributions are grasped corresponding to each cell of the two-dimensionally arranged cell group, the first cell having a temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold, and the temperature from the predetermined threshold A temperature discriminating unit that binarizes the first and second temperature distributions by classifying them into low second cells;
For each of the first temperature distribution and the second temperature distribution, a feature region surrounding the region in which the first cell is continuous in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction in the cell group is obtained, and the feature region is included in the feature region. The number of the first cells present, the number of cells as the vertical length of the feature region, the number of cells as the horizontal length of the feature region, and the position of the cell representing the feature region A feature quantity extraction unit for extracting four feature quantities;
A determination unit that determines whether the human body is standing, sitting, or lying from each of the four feature amounts extracted from the first temperature distribution and the second temperature distribution;
A monitoring support device characterized by comprising: In addition, a time measuring unit that measures the time for the human body to change from standing to sitting and sitting to lying down;
If the time is within a predetermined time, a fall detection unit that detects a person's fall, and
The watching support apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein A reflected wave receiving unit that emits a plurality of infrared beams to the human body and receives a reflected wave reflected from the human body that has received the infrared beam;
A joint skeleton position extracting unit that extracts a position of a joint part and a skeleton part of a human body that has received the infrared beam by the reflected wave; and
From the position of the joint part and the position of the skeleton part, the shoulder position determination part for determining the position of the left and right shoulders of the human body and the position of the right and left hips;
A walking state determination unit that determines whether or not a person's walking state is a walking state that easily falls over, based on temporal displacement amounts of the left and right shoulder positions and the left and right buttocks positions;
4. The watching support apparatus according to claim 1, comprising: The watching support apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a risk of the person falling is grasped from the walking state of the person. In addition, the weight on the bed is detected, and from the detected load value, the weight and center of gravity position calculation unit for calculating the weight and center of gravity of the person,
An end seat detection unit that detects that the person is in the end sitting position when the weight is equal to or less than a predetermined weight threshold and the center of gravity is located on the end seat of the bed;
The monitoring support apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring support apparatus includes: Furthermore, a sleep determination unit that detects movement on the bed and determines whether the person is sleeping from the movement;
The monitoring support apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring support apparatus includes: Furthermore, an illuminance detection unit for detecting the illuminance in the room,
An illuminance threshold determination unit that determines whether the illuminance is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold;
The monitoring support apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring support apparatus includes: Furthermore, a temperature change amount detection unit that detects temperature change amounts at a plurality of positions in the room;
A temperature change threshold determination unit that determines whether or not at least one of the temperature changes at the plurality of positions is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold;
The monitoring support device according to claim 1, comprising: The time when the amount of change in the temperature is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold and the time lower than the predetermined threshold are continuously measured, and the life pattern of the person is grasped from the measurement result. 9. The monitoring support device according to 9. Furthermore, a power consumption extraction unit that extracts power consumption in the room,
A power consumption threshold determination unit that determines whether or not the power consumption is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold;
The watching support apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring support apparatus includes: The monitoring support apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the power consumption is continuously measured, and a life pattern of the person is grasped from the measurement result. Furthermore, a voice calling part that calls people,
Have
The voice ring part is
A speaker that emits sound;
A microphone that picks up the sound emitted by people,
An information transmission unit that converts voice from a microphone into characters and transmits the characters to a care service base or family home;
The monitoring support apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring support apparatus includes:

Images