JP6179935B2 - Head shape measuring device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a head shape measuring device that measures the shape of a human head, and more particularly to a head shape measuring device that measures the shape of the head by processing an image obtained by photographing the head.

Conventionally, an improved technique has been proposed for an apparatus for measuring the shape of the human head.
For example, a plurality of cameras are arranged around the person to be measured, the head of the person to be measured is photographed by the plurality of cameras, and the three-dimensional shape of the head is obtained based on the acquired pattern image of the head. An apparatus for calculation has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In addition, in order to manufacture a wig to be worn on the head, there has been an apparatus for measuring the shape of the head (for example, manufactured by Hi-MO (R) Himo Incorporated).

JP 2002-366931 A

  However, the apparatus described in Patent Document 1 described above and the above-described existing apparatus have problems described below.

For example, in the apparatus described in Patent Document 1, since a large number of cameras are arranged around the body of the person to be measured, a feeling of pressure or intimidation is given to the person to be measured. There was a problem.
Here, when the arrangement positions of these multiple cameras are specifically listed, one camera is located above the subject's head and the other one is located obliquely downward in front of the subject. The other plurality of devices were arranged at a height of the measurement subject's chest circumference so as to surround the chest circumference from the front, rear, left and right.
In other words, in this apparatus, a large number of cameras are positioned in the upward direction, downward direction, forward direction, backward direction, left direction, and right direction of the measurement subject and surround the measurement subject's body. .

Then, the person to be measured becomes strongly aware of being surrounded by a large number of cameras when located at the center of the apparatus, and in fact, his / her head is viewed from all angles by the large number of cameras. By taking a picture, you will feel a sense of oppression and intimidation, and you will feel uncomfortable.
In addition, in this way, the person to be measured who has received a sense of pressure is forced to maintain the same posture in the apparatus while being mentally tense while shooting with the camera. .
Thus, it is desirable to change the arrangement of the camera that gives a feeling of pressure or the like to the measurement subject so as not to give a feeling of pressure or the like.

The apparatus also has the following problems.
The apparatus is an apparatus that generates three-dimensional image data of the head based on the captured image of the head. However, the generated three-dimensional image data is not suitable for use as three-dimensional image data used when manufacturing a wig to be worn on the head. The following reasons can be given as the reason.
For example, when a hair part is a hair part on the head, three-dimensional image data representing the three-dimensional shape of the hair part is required when manufacturing the wig. In addition, in order for the manufactured wig to fit the head, three-dimensional image data that more accurately represents the three-dimensional shape near the hairline of the hair part is required. In particular, since the hairline above the forehead is located above the face, the hairline is easily visible, and the vicinity of the collar leg on the back of the head is generally recessed, so that the wig is difficult to fit. For this reason, three-dimensional image data that more accurately represents the three-dimensional shape near the hairline above the forehead and the three-dimensional shape near the neck of the back of the head is required.

  However, in the apparatus described in Patent Document 1, the photographing object of each camera is specified on the entire circumference, the top of the head of the subject, or the submandibular region. That is, the hairline of the hair part was not included in the photographing target of each camera. For this reason, it has been difficult to obtain three-dimensional image data that more accurately represents the hairline of the hair part on the head, particularly the hairline above the forehead and the three-dimensional shape near the neck.

This point will be further described.
For example, when the camera is shooting a spherical object as a subject, and shooting the spherical body from a relatively close distance, if the focus is focused on the center of the spherical body, the peripheral edge of the spherical body will be out of focus. The image at the peripheral edge becomes unclear. In particular, the closer the distance between the camera and the spherical body, the shallower the depth of field, so that the focus is easily shifted at the peripheral edge of the spherical body.

In the apparatus described in Patent Document 1, the subject of the camera is a human head. The human head has a slightly vertically long sphere. And each camera image | photographs the head from near distance. For this reason, when focusing on one point of the head located at the center of the shooting range in a state where the head is within the shooting range of the camera, the focus is easily shifted at the peripheral portion of the head.
In addition, as described above, each camera provided in the apparatus targets the entire circumference, the top of the head, or the submandibular region of the measurement subject's head. For this reason, each camera focuses on the entire circumference, the crown, or the chin of the head to be photographed.
Then, the hairline and neckline of the hair part in the head are positioned near the peripheral part of the head in the image of the head photographed by the camera, and the image is unclear at the peripheral part. . This makes it difficult to obtain 3D image data that more accurately represents the 3D shape near the hairline and neckline, and can be used as 3D image data to be used when manufacturing a wig to be worn on the head. It was not suitable for.

On the other hand, in the above existing apparatus, one or two cameras are arranged obliquely above the head of the person to be measured, and are not arranged in any other place.
For this reason, when compared with the apparatus described in Patent Document 1 in which cameras are arranged above and below the body of the person to be measured and further to the front, back, left and right, the number of cameras is small and the field of view of the person to be measured is above. However, since there is no camera, the feeling of pressure and intimidation experienced by the person being measured is small.

  However, in this existing apparatus, one or two cameras are moved around the head. In such a structure, rattling is likely to occur due to repeated circular movements, so maintenance such as fine adjustment of the camera mounting angle or fine adjustment of the camera shooting point with respect to the head is necessary. It was.

  Further, in the existing apparatus, it is difficult to position the head of the person to be measured. In this device, the head of the person to be measured is positioned at the center of the circuit path when the camera is rotated, but the center of the circuit path cannot be specified unless the camera is rotated. In this case, the camera is stationary, and the number of cameras is one or two, which makes it difficult to specify the center.

Furthermore, in the existing apparatus, the camera must go around the circuit path in order to acquire all of the image data necessary for calculating the three-dimensional shape of the head. There was a problem that it took a long time.
In addition, in the existing apparatus, since it takes a long time to shoot, in order to prevent the head once positioned from moving within the photographic time, there is a fixing bar for fixing the body of the person to be measured. It was provided. However, since the fixed bar restrains the movement of the body, it has become a factor that gives the subject a feeling of pressure, intimidation, and discomfort.

  In addition, in the existing apparatus, it is difficult to acquire three-dimensional image data that more accurately represents the hairline of the hair part on the head and the three-dimensional shape near the neck, as in the apparatus described in Patent Document 1. There was a problem. This is because the circular path of the camera is circular, while the hair part grows meandering the surface of the head, so when the camera moves around, the center of the shooting range of this camera This is because it is difficult to adjust the hairline of the meandering hair.

  The present invention has been considered in view of the above circumstances, and enables measurement of the shape of the head without giving a sense of pressure or intimidation to the measurement subject, and simplification of positioning of the head in the measuring device, An object of the present invention is to provide a head shape measuring apparatus that can shorten the photographing time and can acquire three-dimensional image data that more accurately represents the three-dimensional shape near the hairline of the hair part on the head. .

  In order to achieve this object, a head shape measuring device of the present invention is a head shape measuring device for measuring the shape of a human head, and a plurality of imaging means for photographing the head and outputting image data And image processing means for calculating the three-dimensional shape of the head based on the image data, and the plurality of imaging means are attached to the placed member located above the head and the hairline on the head Is attached to the member to be placed at an angle that matches the center portion of the imaging range, and the head is imaged with the attached position as a fixed position.

  According to the head shape measuring device of the present invention, it is possible to measure the shape of the head without giving a sense of pressure or intimidation to the measurement subject, simplifying positioning of the head in the measuring device and reducing the shooting time. It is possible to provide a head shape measuring apparatus that can realize shortening and that can acquire three-dimensional image data that more accurately represents the three-dimensional shape near the hairline of the hair part on the head.

It is an external appearance perspective view which shows the structure of the said head shape measuring apparatus when the head shape measuring apparatus of 1st embodiment of this invention is seen from diagonally forward. It is an external appearance perspective view which shows the structure of the said head shape measuring apparatus when the head shape measuring apparatus of 1st embodiment of this invention is seen from diagonally back. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of an image processing means. It is a top view which shows the arrangement position of the light in the scanner part with which the head shape measuring apparatus of 1st embodiment was equipped, the projector, and the camera. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the scanner unit showing a configuration of the scanner unit and a shooting direction of the camera (cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 4). It is a top view which shows the arrangement position of the light in the scanner part with which the head shape measuring apparatus of 2nd embodiment was equipped, the projector, and the camera. It is a figure which shows the three-dimensional image of the head produced | generated based on the image image | photographed with three cameras, Comprising: (i) is the three-dimensional image of the front part of a head, (ii) is the rear part of a head (Iii) is a three-dimensional image of the right side of the head, and (iv) is a three-dimensional image of the left side of the head. It is a figure which shows the three-dimensional image of the head produced | generated based on the image image | photographed with four cameras, (i) is the three-dimensional image of the front part of a head, (ii) is the rear part of a head (Iii) is a three-dimensional image of the right side of the head, and (iv) is a three-dimensional image of the left side of the head. It is a perspective view of the head which shows the use data range about the camera arrange | positioned right diagonally ahead of the head. It is a perspective view of the head which shows the use data range about the camera arrange | positioned in the diagonally right back of the head. It is a perspective view of the head which shows the use data range about the camera arrange | positioned diagonally to the left of the head. It is a perspective view of the head which shows the use data range about the camera arrange | positioned in the diagonally left back of the head. It is a perspective view of the head which shows the duplication part of each use data range when a head is image | photographed with four cameras.

  Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a head shape measuring apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[First embodiment]
First, a first embodiment of the head shape measuring apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is an external perspective view showing an external configuration of the head shape measuring apparatus when the head shape measuring apparatus of this embodiment is viewed obliquely from the front. FIG. 2 is an external perspective view showing an external configuration of the head shape measuring apparatus when the head shape measuring apparatus of the present embodiment is viewed obliquely from behind.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the head shape measuring apparatus 1 includes a scanner unit 10, an image processing unit 20, and a support unit 30.
Here, the scanner unit 10 has a structure in which a light 11, a projector 12, and a camera 13 are arranged at a lower part of a housing 14 formed in a disk shape (a hemispherical dome shape in FIG. 1 and the like). It has become.
The light 11 is a small illuminating means using a light emitting element such as an LED, and illuminates the head H by irradiating the head H of the measurement subject M with light.

The projector 12 is a projection unit that emits laser light of a predetermined color (for example, red), and irradiates the head H of the measurement subject M with the laser light, so that lines, dots, characters, predetermined Can be projected.
For example, when a measurement method such as a light cutting method or a spatial coding method is used as the three-dimensional measurement method, the projector 12 having a configuration capable of emitting slit light can be provided.

The camera 13 is an imaging means for photographing the head H of the person to be measured M, and converts the photographed image into digital image data and outputs it.
In addition, as a kind of camera 13, arbitrary suitable kinds can be selected as the camera 13 which image | photographs the head H, such as a CCD camera, a CMOS camera, an infrared thermal camera, an X-ray camera, for example. For the interface of the camera 13, any suitable interface such as USB, IEEE 1394, camera link, or the like can be used.

The housing 14 is a hollow disk-shaped arrangement member having a predetermined thickness, and is formed by stacking a disk-shaped shallow upper member 141 and a disk-shaped lower member 142 having a predetermined depth. By combining them, the disk-shaped casing 14 is configured.
A concave portion 143 that is recessed upward is formed in the central portion of the lower member 142, and an annular side surface of the concave portion 143 is formed as an inclined surface 144, and the light 11, the projector 12, and the inclined surface 144 are formed on the inclined surface 144. A camera 13 is arranged.
The arrangement of the lights 11 and the like will be described in detail later (the configuration of the scanner unit and the camera).

The image processing means 20 is a computer that operates under program control. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the image processing means 20 is a communication unit 21, a storage unit 22, an image processing unit 23, a display unit 24, and an operation unit 25. And a control unit 26.
The communication unit 21 receives the image data output from the camera 13 via the data cable 40. In the present embodiment, the communication between the image processing unit 20 and the camera 13 is wired communication via the data cable 40, but is not limited to wired communication, and may be wireless communication. .
The storage unit 22 is a storage unit having a predetermined storage area, and stores programs and data for executing the functions of the image processing unit 20. The storage unit 22 stores image data received by the communication unit 21.

The image processing unit 23 calculates the three-dimensional shape of the head H of the measurement subject M based on the image data. The calculated data is stored in the storage unit 22 as 3D image data.
As the image processing for calculating the three-dimensional shape of the head H, the following image processing can be employed. For example, based on the image data output from each camera 13, 3D image data in a 3D coordinate system is generated for each of these image data. Then, the generated three-dimensional image data is synthesized in a reference three-dimensional coordinate system, and three-dimensional image data representing the entire three-dimensional shape of the head H is calculated.

The display unit 24 is composed of a liquid crystal display or the like, and is an image captured by the camera 13 (an image including the head H when the head 13 is included in the shooting range of the camera 13) or tertiary. Images showing the whole or part of the three-dimensional shape of the head H generated based on the original image data (for example, images shown in FIGS. 7 (i) to (iv) and FIGS. 8 (i) to (iv)), etc. Is displayed on the screen.
The display unit 24 can also divide and display the images of the head H taken by each of the plurality of cameras 13 on one screen.

The operation unit 25 includes a keyboard, a mouse, and the like, and is operated by a user (for example, a person who intends to measure the shape of the head H of the measurement subject M using the head shape measurement device 1). A predetermined command or data is input.
The control unit 26 is configured by a CPU or the like, and is a control unit that controls each unit of the image processing unit 20 in order to execute the function of the image processing unit 20.

The support means 30 is a rod-like member that is erected to support the scanner unit 10 and to position the scanner unit 10 above the head H of the person to be measured M. The support means 30 includes a column 31, a leg portion 32, a caster 33, and a lift control unit 34.
The support column 31 is an expandable and contractible tubular member in which a plurality of tubes having different diameters are coaxially incorporated. The support column 31 is erected so that the axial direction, which is the expansion and contraction direction, is the vertical direction. Further, the upper part of the tube having the smallest diameter is bent, and the scanner unit 10 is attached to the end of the bent part.

The leg portion 32 is a bar-like member extending in the horizontal direction from the side surface of the casing of the elevation control unit 34 provided at the lower portion of the support column 31.
The caster 33 is attached to the lower surface of the leg portion 32. By providing the caster 33, the head shape measuring apparatus 1 can be easily moved to an arbitrary place.
In addition, a chair 35 for the person to be measured M to sit is installed in front of the column 31 and the leg 32 and below the scanner unit 10. The chair 35 is separate from the support column 31 and the like. However, it is also possible to have a structure in which the chair 35 and the support 31 are connected.

The lifting control unit 34 receives a mechanism (not shown) for expanding and contracting a plurality of tubes constituting the support 31 and a command from the image processing means 20 to increase or decrease the length of the support 31. And a control unit (not shown) for controlling.
Examples of the mechanism for expanding and contracting the support column 31 include a mechanism for expanding and contracting a tubular body connected to the slide bearing by rotating a ball screw passed through the slide bearing with a motor. The rotating shaft of the motor rotates by receiving commercial power via the power cable 50. The power received via the power cable 50 is also used as driving power for the light 11, projector 12, camera 13, and image processing means 20.

In addition, the head H of the person to be measured M can be placed in the photographing range of the camera 13 by providing the elevation control unit 34 having such a tubular telescopic mechanism.
Specifically, the following procedure is performed. When the person to be measured M sits on the chair 35, the plurality of cameras 13 photograph the head H of the person M to be measured, and the display unit 24 of the image processing means 20 captures the head of the person M to be photographed. H image is displayed in real time. The user visually recognizes the displayed image and confirms whether or not the head H is within a predetermined range on the display unit 24. When the head H is not within the predetermined range in the display unit 24, the user operates the operation unit 25 to drive the expansion / contraction mechanism of the elevation control unit 34 to shorten the column 31 of the support means 30. Or elongate. Then, when the head H falls within a predetermined range in the display unit 24, the shortening or extension of the support 31 is stopped. As a result, the head H can be placed in the shooting range of the camera 13.

The above is the configuration of the head shape measuring apparatus 1, but the head shape measuring apparatus 1 of the present embodiment has the greatest feature in the arrangement of a plurality of cameras 13.
Next, the configuration of the scanner unit 10 and the camera 13 in which the plurality of cameras 13 are arranged will be described in detail.

(Configuration of scanner unit and camera)
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the scanner unit 10 is located above the head H of the measurement subject M seated on the chair 35.
In the scanner unit 10, the light 11, the projector 12, and the camera 13 are concentrated, and the light 11 and the like are not disposed at other locations.
In particular, the camera 13 is disposed on the lower member 142 of the housing 14 of the scanner unit 10 and photographs the head H of the measurement subject M at a high angle.
For this reason, for the person M to be measured, the camera 13 or the like exists only above his / her field of view, and the shape of the head H is measured in an open space. You can take measurements in a relaxed state without feeling.

In the scanner unit 10, the light 11, the projector 12, and the camera 13 are arranged on an annular inclined surface 144 positioned on the side surface of the recess 143 formed in the lower member 142.
The arrangement position of the light 11 and the like on the inclined surface 144 of the scanner unit 10 is shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, a plurality of lights 11 are arranged, and are arranged at a position where the entire head H of the measurement subject M can be illuminated.
As a specific example, four lights 11 can be arrange | positioned, for example, can be arrange | positioned every 90 degree | times at equal intervals around the head H around the head H. In FIG. 4, the four lights 11 are arranged at positions of 10 degrees, 100 degrees, 190 degrees, and 280 degrees, respectively, when the angle of the measurement subject M in the front direction is 0 degrees. Thereby, the four lights 11 illuminate the front, left side, back, and right side of the head H, respectively. Note that the number and arrangement position of the lights 11 are not limited to the number and position shown in FIG. 4, and any number can be arranged at a suitable position.

One or more projectors 12 are arranged on the inclined surface 144 of the scanner unit 10. The number and arrangement position of the projectors 12 can be arbitrarily determined according to, for example, the position where a line or the like is projected on the head H.
In FIG. 4, four projectors 12 are arranged. Further, in the same figure, when the angle of the measurement subject M in the front direction is set to 0 degree, the four projectors 12 are arranged at positions of 65 degrees, 150 degrees, 210 degrees, and 295 degrees, respectively. .

Three cameras 13 are arranged on the inclined surface 144 of the scanner unit 10.
As an arrangement position of these three cameras 13, for example, a position where the entire three-dimensional image data of the head H can be generated based on the image data output from these three cameras 13 can be set.
In FIG. 4, three cameras 13 a to 13 c are arranged around the head H of the person M to be measured. Further, in the same figure, when the angle in the front direction of the head H is set to 0 degree, these three cameras 13a to 13c are arranged at respective positions of 0 degree, 120 degrees, and 240 degrees. .
In such an arrangement, there is an overlapping portion in the image of the head H taken by the three cameras 13a to 13c, so the head using the image data output from the three cameras 13a to 13c. The whole three-dimensional image data of the part H can be generated.
The arrangement position of the camera 13 is not limited to the position shown in FIG. 4, and can be arranged at any suitable position.

As described above, in the scanner unit 10, the light 11, the projector 12, and the camera 13 are arranged and fixed at suitable locations on the inclined surface 144.
In particular, a plate-like member 15 (for example, a thick aluminum plate) is arranged inside the scanner unit 10, and a camera 13 is attached to and fixed to the lower surface of the plate-like member 15 (see FIG. 5). As a result, the camera 13 is not displaced from its mounting position. Note that the light 11 and the projector 12 can also be fixed to the plate-like member 15.

  Further, the camera 13 is fixed to the plate-like member 15 and is fitted into the opening of the inclined surface 144 of the scanner unit 10. For this reason, the mounting angle of the camera 13 once set is less likely to be displaced. Thereby, if the attachment angle of the camera 13 is adjusted in the initial stage, it is not necessary to finely adjust the attachment angle thereafter.

  And since the camera 13 grade | etc., Is arrange | positioned at the cyclic | annular inclined surface 144, it can be easily known that the to-be-measured person's M head H should just be located under this cyclic | annular center. Thus, a person who intends to measure the shape of the head H of the person M to be measured using the head shape measuring apparatus 1 can easily and immediately position the head H of the person M to be measured. it can.

In addition, since each camera 13 captures the head H from a fixed position and can generate the entire three-dimensional image data of the head H using the image data output from each camera 13, this three-dimensional image data All of the image data necessary to generate the image can be acquired instantly.
Furthermore, since the acquisition of the image data ends instantaneously, the person to be measured M does not need to maintain the same posture for a long time. Thereby, the burden which the to-be-measured person M receives can be reduced.
In addition, since the acquisition of the image data ends instantaneously, there is no need to provide a fixing bar for fixing the body of the person to be measured M. Also from this, the burden on the measurement subject M can be reduced.

In addition, the three cameras 13a to 13c target the hairline above the forehead in the head H or the neckline of the head H as a subject to be photographed.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, a camera 13 a disposed at a position in the diagonally forward direction of the head H is used as a front imaging unit, and a camera 13 b disposed at a position in the diagonally upward direction of the head H. , 13c is the rear imaging means, and the front imaging means is disposed on the inclined surface 144 at an angle such that the hairline above the forehead in the head H is located at the center of the imaging range, and the rear imaging means However, it is arranged on the inclined surface 144 at such an angle that the collar leg of the head H is positioned at the center of the photographing range.

By arranging the cameras 13a to 13c on the inclined surface 144 at such an angle, the hairline above the forehead of the head H and the neck of the back of the head can be positioned at the center of the shooting range of the cameras 13a to 13c. . Thereby, the image of the hairline part and the neckline part becomes clear, and it is possible to acquire 3D image data that more accurately represents the 3D shape near the hairline and the neckline part. The acquired 3D image data can be used as 3D image data used when manufacturing a wig to be worn on the head H.
Note that the depression angle of the front imaging means is an angle at which the hairline above the forehead of the head H can be positioned at the center of the imaging range of the front imaging means. Specifically, for example, it is desirable to set the angle within a range of 50 degrees ± 5 degrees downward with respect to the horizontal.
The depression angle of the rear imaging means is an angle at which the neck leg of the head H can be positioned at the center of the photographing range in the rear imaging means. Specifically, for example, it is desirable to set the angle within a range of 35 ° ± 5 ° downward with respect to the horizontal.

Further, if a virtual plane passing through all of the three cameras 13a to 13c is a virtual layout plane P, the virtual layout plane P is not horizontal but inclined with respect to the horizontal plane as shown in FIG. Yes.
The specific inclination direction of the virtual arrangement plane P is as follows.
The virtual arrangement plane P is located above the head H of the measurement subject M seated on the chair 35.
A part of the cameras 13a to 13c among the plurality of cameras 13a to 13c is arranged on the virtual arrangement plane P at a position in the diagonally forward direction of the head H of the measurement subject M. In addition, some other cameras 13 b and 13 c are arranged on the virtual arrangement plane P at positions in the diagonally upward direction behind the head H of the person to be measured M.
Here, as described above, the camera 13a disposed at a position in the front obliquely upward direction of the head H is used as a front imaging means, and the cameras 13b and 13c disposed at a position in the obliquely rearward upward direction of the head H are described above. Thus, when the rear imaging unit is used, the virtual arrangement plane P is inclined so that the portion of the virtual arrangement plane P where the front imaging unit is arranged is positioned above the portion where the rear imaging unit is arranged. doing.

Thus, by setting the virtual arrangement surface P as the inclined surface and the inclination direction as the direction described above, the front imaging means can shoot in a state where the hairline on the forehead in the head H is aligned with the central portion of the shooting range, Further, the rear imaging means can shoot in a state where the neck leg of the head H is aligned with the central portion of the shooting range.
In particular, the neck leg portion of the head H is generally recessed, and when the head H is viewed from above the top of the head, the neck leg portion is hidden by the back head. When the camera 13 is disposed above the head H, the neck is hidden by the back of the head and the neck becomes a blind spot, so the neck cannot be photographed. Therefore, the head shape measuring apparatus 1 of the present embodiment has a configuration in which the virtual arrangement plane P is inclined so that the rear imaging means for photographing the neck leg portion is provided at a position lower than the front imaging means. As a result, the rear imaging means is positioned obliquely above and behind the head H, so that the neckline portion can be placed in the imaging range, and image data of this neckline portion can be acquired.

Further, by tilting the virtual arrangement plane P, the distance from the front imaging means to the hairline above the forehead in the head H and the distance from the rear imaging means to the neck leg in the head H are approximated. When the photographed image of the head H is divided and displayed on the display unit 24 of the image processing means 20, the size of the head H projected on each image can be made to be an approximate size.
Note that the inclination angle of the virtual arrangement plane P is desirably an angle within a range of 15 degrees ± 5 degrees with respect to the horizontal, for example.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the head shape measuring apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
This figure is a top view showing the arrangement positions of lights and the like in the scanner unit provided in the head shape measuring apparatus of the present embodiment.
This embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the number of cameras and the arrangement position. That is, in the first embodiment, the number of cameras is three, and these three cameras are arranged at predetermined positions on the inclined surface of the scanner unit, whereas in the present embodiment, the number of cameras is There are four cameras, and these four cameras are arranged at predetermined positions on the inclined surface of the scanner unit. Other components are the same as those in the first embodiment.
Therefore, in FIG. 6, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

The head shape measuring apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment includes a scanner unit 10, an image processing unit 20, and a support unit 30.
Here, the light 11, the projector 12, and the camera 13 are disposed on the inclined surface 144 of the housing 14 in the scanner unit 10.
The arrangement position of the light 11 and the like on the inclined surface 144 of the scanner unit 10 is shown in FIG.

As shown in the figure, four cameras 13 are arranged on the inclined surface 144 of the scanner unit 10.
As the arrangement positions of these four cameras 13, for example, a position where the entire three-dimensional image data of the head H can be generated based on the image data output from the four cameras 13 can be used.

Further, these four cameras 13 are arranged at positions where no defect occurs in the three-dimensional image data of the head H generated by the image processing means 20. This matter will be described in detail.
First, a case where three cameras 13 are arranged will be described. In the present embodiment, the number of cameras 13 is four, but the effect obtained when the number of cameras 13 is four in this way is compared with the case where the number of cameras 13 is three. Since these are useful effects, from the viewpoint of comparing these, here, a case where the number of cameras 13 is three will be described first.

As an arrangement position of each camera 13 when the number of cameras 13 is three, for example, an arrangement position as shown in FIG. 4 can be used. That is, three cameras 13 are arranged around the head H of the person to be measured M, and when the angle in the front direction of the head H is 0 degrees, 0 degrees, 120 degrees, 240 degrees These three cameras 13 can be arranged at each position.
In this case, the entire circumference of the head H can be photographed by these three cameras 13. In addition, since there are overlapping portions in the images of the head H taken by the three cameras 13, the entire three-dimensional image data of the head H is obtained using the image data output from the three cameras 13. Can be generated.

However, when three cameras 13 are arranged, a defect may occur in the generated three-dimensional image data. A three-dimensional image of the head H in which such a defect has occurred is shown in FIGS.
In the three-dimensional image of the head H shown in (i) to (iv) of the same figure, a defect is confirmed below the head H, particularly in front of the ear.
This is because the camera 13 that captures the head H from the rear of the head H (cameras 13b and 13c arranged at positions of 120 degrees and 240 degrees in FIG. 4 respectively) captures the head H. The portion hidden by the ear cannot be photographed, and this portion cannot be converted into digital image data. In addition, when the camera 13 that captures the head H from the front of the head H (camera 13a arranged at a position of 0 degrees in FIG. 4) captures the head H, It is considered that the defect was caused because it was impossible to photograph the depressed portion of the error and this portion could not be converted into digital image data.

Therefore, in order to prevent such defects from occurring, the number of cameras 13 is set to four in the head shape measuring apparatus 1 of the present embodiment.
The arrangement positions of the four cameras 13 on the inclined surface 144 of the scanner unit 10 are set such that the above-described defect does not occur.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, four cameras 13 are arranged around the head H of the person to be measured M, and the angle in the front direction of the person to be measured M is set to 0 degree. Sometimes, these four cameras 13 were arranged at positions of 45 degrees, 130 degrees, 230 degrees, and 315 degrees, respectively.
By arranging the four cameras 13 in such a manner, the three-dimensional image data of the head H generated by the image processing means 20 is lost as shown in FIGS. Can be prevented. There are two reasons for this.

(1) The camera 13 is arranged at a position where the front portion of the head H, the cheeks, and the irregular portions can be photographed.
As described above, the portion where the defect occurs is the portion of the head H that is in front of the ear and has a depressed cheek or gill. This portion is a blind spot in the shooting range of each camera 13 when the three cameras 13 are arranged at the positions shown in FIG.
Therefore, four cameras 13 are arranged at a position where such a blind spot disappears.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, with the head H as the center, the cameras 13 a to 13 d are arranged on the right diagonal front, the right diagonal rear, the left diagonal front, and the left diagonal rear, respectively.
Thereby, for example, a portion that becomes a blind spot when the camera 13b arranged diagonally to the right of the head H captures the head H, that is, a portion where the front of the right ear, the right cheek, and the gills are depressed. Is photographed by the camera 13a disposed diagonally to the right. Further, for example, a portion that becomes a blind spot when the camera 13c arranged obliquely to the left of the head H captures the head H, that is, a front portion of the left ear, a left cheek, and a depressed portion of the gill. The image is taken by a camera 13d arranged diagonally to the left.
As a result, the blind spots in the shooting range of the cameras 13b and 13c arranged behind the head H can be taken by the cameras 13a and 13d arranged in front of the head H. The blind spot can be eliminated from the photographing range of the cameras 13a to 13d. Thereby, as shown in FIGS. 8 (i) to (iv), it is possible to prevent a defect from occurring in the three-dimensional image data of the head H generated by the image processing means 20.

Further, the four cameras 13a to 13d are not arranged at equal intervals on the inclined surface 144 of the scanner unit 10, but the rear imaging means 13b and 13c are arranged on the head as shown in FIG. It is disposed slightly behind the head H and slightly ahead of the head H. As specific numerical values, in FIG. 6, the rear imaging means are arranged at angular positions of 130 degrees and 230 degrees. This angle is from the front of the head H compared to 135 degrees and 225 degrees, which are the angles of the rear imaging means when the four cameras 13a to 13d are arranged at equal intervals on the inclined surface 144. .
Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the rear imaging unit is disposed at a position lower than the front imaging unit, and is disposed at a position relatively close to the back of the head H and the temporal region.
As a result, the rear imaging means captures the ear and its surroundings from the diagonally upward direction from the side of the ear, not from the diagonally upward direction of the ear of the head H, so that the ear concealed by the ear The range of the blind spot in the front part of can be narrowed.

From such a viewpoint, it is preferable that the arrangement positions of the four cameras 13a to 13d are such that no blind spots are generated in the photographing ranges of the cameras 13a to 13d.
Specifically, when a preferable arrangement position of the four cameras 13a to 13d is illustrated with an angle around the head H, for example, the forward direction of the head H when the scanner unit 10 is viewed from above is 0 degree. The angle at which the camera 13a is disposed is an angle within the range of 310 to 320 degrees, the angle at which the camera 13b is disposed is within the range of 225 to 235 degrees, and the angle at which the camera 13c is disposed. The angle within the range of 125 degrees to 135 degrees can be set, and the angle at which the camera 13d is disposed can be set within the range of 40 degrees to 50 degrees.

(2) An overlapping range is provided in the shooting range of each camera 13.
The reason why the four cameras 13 are arranged to prevent the occurrence of deficiency in the three-dimensional image data of the head H is to provide an overlapping range in the imaging range when each camera 13 images the head H. For example, a single camera 13 is arranged. This point will be described in detail.

The four cameras 13 are arranged at the positions shown in FIG. 6 on the inclined surface 144 of the scanner unit 10. And the range image | photographed by these four cameras 13 is the range in which all the head H and the circumference | surroundings (background) of this head H are settled.
Further, the image processing means 20 receives the image data transmitted from each camera 13 and executes image processing for calculating the three-dimensional shape of the head H. At this time, the image processing unit 23 of the image processing means 20 converts the image data into 3D image data in the 3D coordinate system for each camera 13. Further, the image processing unit 23 specifies 3D image data indicating the shape of the head H from the 3D image data, and further, the 3D image within a certain range of the specified 3D image data. Specify the data. Then, the three-dimensional image data designated for each of these three-dimensional coordinate systems is synthesized in the reference three-dimensional coordinate system to generate the entire three-dimensional image data of the head H. As described above, when generating 3D image data of the entire head H, 3D image data within a certain range designated for each camera 13 is used.

Specifically, among the image data output from the four cameras 13, it is used when generating the entire three-dimensional image data of the head H, and is within a certain range designated for each camera 13. The range of the image data corresponding to the three-dimensional image data (hereinafter referred to as the use data range) is shown in FIGS.
For example, the use data range for the camera 13a arranged at the right front of the head H is a right half range of the frontal head as shown by hatching in FIG.
Further, the use data range for the camera 13b arranged on the right rear side of the head H is a range of the right half of the back of the head, as shown by hatching in FIG.
Further, the use data range for the camera 13d disposed on the left front side of the head H is a range of the left half of the forehead as shown by hatching in FIG.
And the use data range about the camera 13c arrange | positioned in the left rear of the head H is a range of the left half of a back head, as shown by the oblique line in FIG.

In addition, the use data range for each of the four cameras 13a to 13d is not limited to a range in which the head H is equally divided into four equal parts, but is a range that is further expanded from the four equally divided ranges. ing.
For example, in FIGS. 9 to 12, the head H is equally divided into a right half of the frontal head, a left half of the frontal head, a right half of the back of the head, and a left half of the back of the head. A dotted line is attached. The use data ranges for the four cameras 13 are expanded not only within the range of the dotted line divided into four, but also to a part of the adjacent range.
For this reason, the respective use data ranges for these four cameras 13 overlap with each other on the dotted line and in the vicinity thereof, as indicated by hatching in FIG.

  In addition, the overlapping portion of these usage data ranges is the ear toe line L1 which is a line connecting the right ear, the top of the head and the left ear in the head H, or the center of the neck leg of the top of the head and the back of the head in the head H. A center back line L2, which is a line connecting the portions, is included.

  In this way, the respective use data ranges for the four cameras 13a to 13d are partially overlapped, and the four cameras 13a are arranged so that the overlapping portion includes the ear-to-ear line L1 or the center back line L2. ˜13d is arranged on the inclined surface 144 of the scanner unit 10, so that the camera 13b arranged on the right rear side of the head H can photograph the right half of the back of the head H and arranged on the left rear side of the head H. The camera 13c is capable of photographing the left half of the occipital region in the head H, and the camera 13a disposed in front of the right side of the head H is the right half of the front head in the head H and the right ear included therein. The camera 13d arranged in front of the left side of the head H and the left half of the forehead in front of the head H and the front of the left ear included in the head H can be photographed. position You can shoot the left cheek and left of gills that. That is, since the front part of the ear and the cheeks and the erratic parts that become blind spots in the cameras 13b and 13c arranged behind the head H can be photographed by the cameras 13a and 13d arranged in front of the head H. The occurrence of defects in the three-dimensional shape of the head H generated by the image processing means 20 can be suppressed.

In addition, by overlapping overlapping portions of the usage data range on the ear-to-ear line L1 or the center back line L2, the 3D image data of the head H generated using the head shape measuring device 1 is used for wig production. In this case, a wig fitted with the shape of the head H can be manufactured.
The wig includes a partial wig to be worn on a part of the head H, a half wig (half wig) to be worn from the top of the head H to the side, a top to the side of the head H, and the vicinity of the ear and neckline. There are types such as full caps (whole head wigs) to be worn over.
Here, when manufacturing a wig of a full cap or a half wig, it is necessary to measure the shape of the part covered with the wig of a full cap or a half wig in the head H.

However, the head H is not a perfect sphere, but is a slightly vertically long sphere, and in particular, the ear circumference, the back of the head, the collar leg, etc. are undulating as compared to the upper part of the head H. The wig is difficult to fit.
Therefore, an overlapping portion of each use data range for the four cameras 13 includes an ear-to-ear line L1 that passes around the ear or a center back line L2 that passes through the back of the head and the neckline. As a result, it is possible to precisely measure the three-dimensional shape such as the circumference of the ear, the back of the head, and the neck, and to correct the blur of the three-dimensional data indicating the shape of the portion. You can make wigs of close shape.

  Also, in the head shape measuring apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, since the plurality of imaging means are concentrated and arranged above the head H, without giving a sense of pressure or intimidation to the measurement subject M, The shape of the head H of the measurement subject M can be measured.

Further, the four cameras 13 target the hairline above the forehead in the head H or the neckline of the head H.
Specifically, the cameras 13a and 13d, which are front imaging means, are arranged on the inclined surface 144 at an angle at which the hairline above the forehead in the head H is located at the center of the imaging range. Further, the cameras 13b and 13c, which are rear imaging means, are arranged on the inclined surface 144 at an angle such that the neck leg of the head H is located at the center of the photographing range.
For this reason, in the image photographed by each camera 13, the image portion of the hairline at the top of the forehead and the neckline at the back of the head becomes clear, and 3D image data that more accurately represents the 3D shape near the hairline and the neckline is generated. Can do. Thereby, the generated 3D image data can be used as 3D image data used when manufacturing a wig to be worn on the head H.

Further, all four cameras 13 are fixed to the scanner unit 10, and the head H is photographed from these fixed positions. For this reason, a mechanism for rotating the camera 13 is unnecessary, and maintenance of the rotating mechanism is also unnecessary.
In addition, since the four cameras 13 are fixed to the scanner unit 10, fine adjustment of the mounting angle of each camera 13 is not necessary.
In addition, since the camera 13 and the like are disposed on the annular inclined surface 144, it is easy to position the head H of the person to be measured M.

In addition, the four cameras 13 can shoot the head H from a fixed position, and can generate the entire three-dimensional image data of the head H using the image data output from each camera 13. All of the image data necessary to generate image data can be acquired instantaneously.
Furthermore, since the acquisition of the image data ends instantaneously, it is not necessary for the measurement subject M to maintain the same posture for a long time. Thereby, the burden on the person to be measured M can be reduced, and a fixing bar for fixing the body of the person to be measured M becomes unnecessary.
In addition, a virtual plane passing through all of the four cameras 13 has a virtual placement plane P that is not horizontal but inclined with respect to the horizontal plane. For this reason, each camera 13 can photograph an image that accurately captures the hairline and neckline portion of the head H above the forehead. Note that the inclination direction of the virtual arrangement plane P is the same as the inclination direction of the virtual arrangement plane P in the first embodiment.

As mentioned above, although preferable embodiment of the head shape measuring apparatus of this invention was described, the head shape measuring apparatus based on this invention is not limited only to embodiment mentioned above, In the range of this invention, various changes are carried out. It goes without saying that implementation is possible.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the shape of the housing of the scanner unit is a disk shape, but the shape of the scanner unit is not limited to a disk shape, and may be any shape such as a rectangular shape, a polygonal shape, an elliptical shape, or the like. It can be a shape.
In the embodiment described above, the number of cameras is three or four. However, the number of cameras is not limited to these, and may be five or more.

  Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the 3D image data generated in the head shape measuring apparatus is used for manufacturing a wig has been described. However, the use of the generated 3D image data is used at the time of manufacturing the wig. It is not limited to use. For example, it can be used for manufacturing items to be worn on the head such as hats, helmets, swimming caps, full head masks, in the medical field, and also for manufacturing head fixtures. Can also be used.

  The present invention is applicable to an apparatus for measuring the shape of the head.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Head shape measuring apparatus 10 Scanner part 13 (13a-13d) Camera (imaging means)
13a, 13d Front imaging means 13b, 13c Rear imaging means 14 Housing (placed member)
20 Image processing means M Subject H H head P Virtual placement plane L1 Ear toe line L2 Center back line

Claims (3)

A head shape measuring device for measuring the shape of a human head,
A plurality of imaging means for imaging the head and outputting image data;
Image processing means for calculating a three-dimensional shape of the head based on the image data,
Four or more imaging means are provided,
The plurality of imaging means are attached to the housing located above the head, and are attached to the housing at an angle that matches the hairline of the head to the central portion of the imaging range. Shooting the head as a fixed position,
A virtual arrangement plane passing through all of the plurality of imaging means is inclined with respect to a horizontal plane;
A part of the plurality of image pickup means is a front image pickup means, and the front image pickup means is disposed at a position obliquely upward in front of the head on the virtual arrangement plane, and the other of the plurality of image pickup means A part of the rear imaging means, and when this rear imaging means is arranged at a position in the diagonally upward direction of the head in the virtual arrangement plane,
Of the virtual arrangement plane, the virtual arrangement plane is inclined so that the portion where the front imaging means is arranged is positioned above the portion where the rear imaging means is arranged,
Furthermore, the support means for supporting the housing is provided so as to form an open space on the front side of the head, and the support means includes a support column, a lift control unit, and a leg unit. Head shape measuring device. The front imaging means is arranged at an angle in which the hairline on the forehead in the head is aligned with the central portion of the imaging range;
The rear imaging unit, head shape measuring apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that it is arranged at an angle to match the neckline of the head in the center of the shooting range. The plurality of imaging units are arranged so that the range of the head imaged by one imaging unit overlaps the range of the head imaged by the imaging unit located next to the one imaging unit. Placed on the virtual placement plane,
The overlapping photographing range is an ear toe line that is a line connecting the top of the head and both ears, or a center back that is a line connecting the top of the head and the center of the neckline. head shape measuring device according to claim 1 or 2 wherein, characterized in that it comprises a line.