JP6128269B1 - Light control film - Google Patents

Light control film Download PDF

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JP6128269B1
JP6128269B1 JP2016121793A JP2016121793A JP6128269B1 JP 6128269 B1 JP6128269 B1 JP 6128269B1 JP 2016121793 A JP2016121793 A JP 2016121793A JP 2016121793 A JP2016121793 A JP 2016121793A JP 6128269 B1 JP6128269 B1 JP 6128269B1
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electrode
light control
control film
liquid crystal
power feeding
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JP2017227675A (en
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啓介 三浦
啓介 三浦
裕介 萩原
裕介 萩原
恵範 林田
恵範 林田
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Dai Nippon Printing Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201780033490.7A priority patent/CN109219770B/en
Priority to US16/310,214 priority patent/US10845522B2/en
Priority to KR1020187033706A priority patent/KR102421609B1/en
Priority to PCT/JP2017/022366 priority patent/WO2017221838A1/en
Priority to EP17815306.0A priority patent/EP3474066B1/en
Publication of JP2017227675A publication Critical patent/JP2017227675A/en
Priority to US17/088,648 priority patent/US11520095B2/en
Priority to US17/977,419 priority patent/US11835745B2/en
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Abstract

【課題】面内における透過率を漸次変化させ、面内において明暗のグラデーションを付すことが可能な調光フィルムを提供する。【解決手段】本発明の調光フィルム１０は、互いに対向配置された第１の電距極２２Ａと第２の電距極２２Ｂと、前記第１の電距極２２Ａに設けられるとともに、前記第１の電距極２２Ａと前記第２の電距極２２Ｂとの間に電圧を加える給電部２０Ａと、前記第１の電距極２２Ａと前記第２の電距極２２Ｂとの間に配置され、前記第１の電距極２２Ａと前記第２の電距極２２Ｂとの間に加えられた前記電圧によって透過率を変化させる調光材料１４と、を備え、前記給電部２０Ａと異なる位置において、前記第１の電距極２２Ａと前記第２の電距極２２Ｂとが電気的に接続されている。【選択図】図３Provided is a light control film capable of gradually changing in-plane transmissivity and giving bright and dark gradations in the surface. A light control film of the present invention is provided on a first electric distance electrode and a second electric distance electrode that are opposed to each other, and on the first electric distance electrode. A power feeding unit 20A that applies a voltage between one electric distance electrode 22A and the second electric distance electrode 22B, and is disposed between the first electric distance electrode 22A and the second electric distance electrode 22B. A light-modulating material 14 that changes the transmittance according to the voltage applied between the first electric distance electrode 22A and the second electric distance electrode 22B, and at a position different from the power feeding unit 20A. The first electrical distance electrode 22A and the second electrical distance electrode 22B are electrically connected. [Selection] Figure 3

Description

本発明は、例えば窓に貼り付けて外来光の透過を制御する電子ブラインドに利用可能な調光フィルムに関する。   The present invention relates to a light control film that can be used, for example, in an electronic blind that is attached to a window to control the transmission of extraneous light.

従来、例えば窓に貼り付けて外来光の透過を制御する電子ブラインド等に利用可能な調光フィルムが提案されている（特許文献１、２）。このような調光フィルムの１つに、液晶を利用したものがある。
液晶を利用した調光フィルムは、透明電極を含む透明板材により液晶材料を挟持して液晶セルが製造され、この液晶セルを直線偏光板により挟持して作成される。この調光フィルムは、透明電極間に印加する電界を変化させることにより液晶の配向を変化させ、外来光の透過量を制御する。 Conventionally, for example, a light control film that can be used for an electronic blind or the like that is attached to a window to control the transmission of external light has been proposed (Patent Documents 1 and 2). One such light control film uses liquid crystal.
A light control film using liquid crystal is produced by sandwiching a liquid crystal material with a transparent plate material including a transparent electrode to produce a liquid crystal cell, and sandwiching the liquid crystal cell with a linear polarizing plate. This light control film changes the orientation of the liquid crystal by changing the electric field applied between the transparent electrodes, and controls the amount of transmitted extraneous light.

従来、このような調光フィルムにおいて透明電極間に電圧を加えると、その電圧に応じて透過率が変化するが、調光フィルムの面内における透過率は略一定となっている。   Conventionally, when a voltage is applied between transparent electrodes in such a light control film, the transmittance changes according to the voltage, but the light transmittance in the plane of the light control film is substantially constant.

特開平０３−４７３９２号公報JP 03-47392 A 特開平０８−１８４２７３号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-184273

しかし、近年、調光フィルムの用途が多様化し、面内における透過率を漸次変化させ、面内において明暗のグラデーションを付すことが可能な調光フィルムに対する要望がある。
本発明はこのような状況に鑑みてなされたものであり、面内における透過率を漸次変化させ、面内において明暗のグラデーションを付すことが可能な調光フィルムを提供することを目的とする。 However, in recent years, there has been a demand for a light control film that can diversify the use of the light control film, gradually change the in-plane transmittance, and provide a light and dark gradation in the surface.
This invention is made | formed in view of such a condition, and it aims at providing the light control film which can change the transmittance | permeability in a surface gradually, and can attach a light and dark gradation in a surface.

具体的には、本発明では、以下のようなものを提供する。
（１）互いに対向配置された第１の電極と第２の電極と、
前記第１の電極に設けられるとともに、前記第１の電極と前記第２の電極互いとの間に電圧を加える給電部が設けられた２枚の電極と、
前記第１の電極と前記第２の電極との間に配置され、前記第１の電極と前記第２の電極との前記電極間に加えられた前記電圧によって透過率を変化させる調光材料と、を備え、
前記給電部と異なる位置において、前記第１の電極と前記第２の電極と電極間が電気的に接続されている、調光フィルム。 Specifically, the present invention provides the following.
(1) a first electrode and a second electrode arranged to face each other;
Two electrodes provided on the first electrode and provided with a power feeding section for applying a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode;
A light-modulating material disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, the light-modulating material changing transmittance by the voltage applied between the electrodes of the first electrode and the second electrode; With
A light control film, wherein the first electrode, the second electrode, and the electrodes are electrically connected at a position different from the power feeding unit.

（２） （１）において、前記第１の電極と前記第２の電極との電極間には抵抗部材が配置されている、調光フィルム。   (2) The light control film according to (1), wherein a resistance member is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode.

（３） （２）において、前記抵抗部材の抵抗値が可変である、調光フィルム。   (3) The light control film according to (2), wherein the resistance value of the resistance member is variable.

（４） （１）から（３）において、前記第１の電極の一端側に前記給電部が設けられ、前記第１の電極の他端側と、前記第２の電極の他端側とにおいて前記電極間が電気的に接続されている、調光フィルム。   (4) In (1) to (3), the power feeding section is provided on one end side of the first electrode, and on the other end side of the first electrode and on the other end side of the second electrode. A light control film in which the electrodes are electrically connected.

（５） （１）から（４）において、前記給電部は、複数個所に設けられている、調光フィルム。   (5) In (1) to (4), the said electric power feeding part is a light control film provided in multiple places.

（６） （１）から（５）において、前記第１の電極と前記第２の電極と電極間は、前記給電部と異なる複数個所において電気的に接続されている、調光フィルム。   (6) The light control film according to (1) to (5), wherein the first electrode, the second electrode, and the electrode are electrically connected at a plurality of locations different from the power feeding unit.

本発明によれば、面内における透過率を漸次変化させ、面内において明暗のグラデーションを付すことが可能な調光フィルムを提供することができる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the light control film which can change the transmittance | permeability in a surface gradually, and can attach a bright and dark gradation in a surface can be provided.

調光フィルムを示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows a light control film. 調光フィルムの製造工程を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the manufacturing process of a light control film. 電極間に加える電圧を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the voltage applied between electrodes. 第２電極及び第１電極の電位の状態を示す。The state of the electric potential of a 2nd electrode and a 1st electrode is shown. 調光フィルムの透過率と、電位差との関係を示したグラフである。It is the graph which showed the relationship between the transmittance | permeability of a light control film, and an electrical potential difference.

［調光フィルム］
図１は、実施形態の調光フィルム１０を示す断面図である。調光フィルム１０は、例えば、調光を図る部位に貼り付けたり、合わせガラスに使用されたりして使用される。調光を図る部位に貼り付けて使用される場合とは、例えば車両のリアウインド、建築物の窓ガラス、ショーケース、屋内の透明パーテーション等に配置して透過、不透明を切り替える場合等である。 [Light control film]
Drawing 1 is a sectional view showing light control film 10 of an embodiment. The light control film 10 is used, for example, by being attached to a portion where light control is to be performed or used for laminated glass. The case where it is used by being attached to a part to be dimmed is, for example, a case where it is placed on the rear window of a vehicle, a window glass of a building, a showcase, an indoor transparent partition, etc. to switch between transmission and opaque.

調光フィルム１０は、液晶を利用して透過光を制御する調光フィルムであり、フィルム形状である第２の積層体１３及び第１の積層体１２により液晶層１４を挟持して液晶セル１５が製造され、この液晶セル１５を直線偏光板１６、１７により挟持して作成される。
実施形態において、液晶層１４の駆動には、ＶＡ（Ｖｉｒｔｉｃａｌ Ａｌｉｇｎｍｅｎｔ）方式が採用されるが、これに限定されず、ＴＮ（Ｔｗｉｓｔｅｄ Ｎｅｍａｔｉｃ）方式、ＩＰＳ（Ｉｎ−Ｐｌａｃｅ−Ｓｗｉｔｃｈｉｎｇ）方式等、種々の駆動方式を適用することができる。
なお、ＶＡ方式は、液晶の配向を垂直配向と水平配向とで変化させて透過光を制御する方式であり、無電界時、液晶を垂直配向させることにより、液晶層１４を垂直配向層により挟持して液晶セル１５が構成され、電界の印加により液晶材料を水平配向させるように構成される。 The light control film 10 is a light control film that controls transmitted light using liquid crystal, and the liquid crystal cell 15 is sandwiched between the second laminate 13 and the first laminate 12 each having a film shape. Is produced by sandwiching the liquid crystal cell 15 by linearly polarizing plates 16 and 17.
In the embodiment, the liquid crystal layer 14 is driven by a VA (Virtual Alignment) method, but is not limited to this, and various methods such as a TN (Twisted Nematic) method, an IPS (In-Place-Switching) method, and the like. A driving method can be applied.
The VA method is a method in which the alignment of liquid crystal is changed between vertical alignment and horizontal alignment to control transmitted light. When no electric field is applied, the liquid crystal layer 14 is sandwiched between the vertical alignment layers by vertically aligning the liquid crystal. Thus, the liquid crystal cell 15 is configured, and the liquid crystal material is horizontally aligned by applying an electric field.

調光フィルム１０には、液晶層１４の厚みを一定に保持するためのスペーサー２４が第１の積層体１２及び又は第２の積層体１３に設けられる。直線偏光板１６、１７には、それぞれ液晶セル１５側に光学補償に供する位相差フィルム１８、１９が設けられる。
積層体１２、１３は、それぞれ基材２１Ａ、２１Ｂに第１電極２２Ａ、第２電極２２Ｂ、配向層２３Ａ、２３Ｂを順次作成して形成される。なお位相差フィルム１８、１９は、必要に応じて省略してもよい。また調光フィルム１０は、ゲストホスト方式により製造してもよく、この場合、直線偏光板は必要に応じて液晶セルの一方、又は両方に配置される。 In the light control film 10, a spacer 24 for keeping the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 14 constant is provided in the first laminate 12 and / or the second laminate 13. The linear polarizing plates 16 and 17 are respectively provided with retardation films 18 and 19 for optical compensation on the liquid crystal cell 15 side.
The laminates 12 and 13 are formed by sequentially forming the first electrode 22A, the second electrode 22B, and the alignment layers 23A and 23B on the base materials 21A and 21B, respectively. The retardation films 18 and 19 may be omitted as necessary. Moreover, you may manufacture the light control film 10 by a guest host system, and in this case, a linearly-polarizing plate is arrange | positioned at one or both of a liquid crystal cell as needed.

調光フィルム１０は、第１電極２２Ａ、第２電極２２Ｂの印加電圧を変化させることにより外来光の透過を制御し、透明状態と非透明状態とで状態を切り替えるように構成される。本実施形態では、いわゆるノーマリーブラックにより液晶層１４を駆動する例について説明するが、これに限らず、ノーマリーホワイトにより駆動するようにしてもよい。また、ＩＰＳ方式による場合、第１電極２２Ａ、第２電極２２Ｂは、配向層２３Ａ又は２３Ｂ側に纏めて製造されることは言うまでも無く、これに対応するように積層体１２、１３が構成されることになる。
なお、ノーマリーブラックとは、液晶に電圧がかかっていない時に透過率が最小となり、黒い画面になる構造である。ノーマリーホワイトとは、液晶に電圧がかかっていない時に透過率が最大となり、透明となる構造である。 The light control film 10 is configured to control the transmission of extraneous light by changing the voltage applied to the first electrode 22A and the second electrode 22B, and to switch the state between a transparent state and a non-transparent state. In the present embodiment, an example in which the liquid crystal layer 14 is driven by so-called normally black will be described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the liquid crystal layer 14 may be driven by normally white. Further, in the case of the IPS method, it goes without saying that the first electrode 22A and the second electrode 22B are manufactured together on the alignment layer 23A or 23B side, and the laminates 12 and 13 are configured to correspond to this. Will be.
Note that normally black is a structure in which the transmittance is minimized when a voltage is not applied to the liquid crystal, resulting in a black screen. Normally white is a structure in which the transmittance is maximized and transparent when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal.

なお、調光フィルム１０を、例えば、建築物の窓ガラス、ショーケース、屋内の透明パーテーション等に貼り付けて使用する場合、直線偏光板１６及び／又は１７の、液晶セル１５とは逆側の面に、ハードコート層等による保護層が設けられる。   When the light control film 10 is used by being attached to, for example, a window glass of a building, a showcase, an indoor transparent partition, etc., the linear polarizing plate 16 and / or 17 on the side opposite to the liquid crystal cell 15 is used. A protective layer such as a hard coat layer is provided on the surface.

［基材］
基材２１Ａ、２１Ｂは、液晶セル１５に適用可能な可撓性を有する各種の透明フィルム材を適用することができ、この実施形態では、両面にハードコート層が製造されてなるポリカーボネートによるフィルム材が適用される。 [Base material]
Various transparent film materials having flexibility applicable to the liquid crystal cell 15 can be applied to the base materials 21A and 21B. In this embodiment, a film material made of polycarbonate in which a hard coat layer is manufactured on both surfaces. Applies.

［電極］
第１電極２２Ａ、第２電極２２Ｂは、液晶層１４に電界を印加可能であって、透明と知覚される種々の構成を適用することができるが、本実施形態では、透明電極材であるＩＴＯ（Ｉｎｄｉｕｍ Ｔｉｎ Ｏｘｉｄｅ）による透明導電膜を基材２１Ａ、２１Ｂの全面に製造して形成される。上述したように、ＩＰＳ方式等においては、電極は所望の形状によりパターンニングされて製造される。 [electrode]
The first electrode 22A and the second electrode 22B can apply an electric field to the liquid crystal layer 14 and can adopt various configurations that are perceived as transparent. In the present embodiment, ITO that is a transparent electrode material is used. A transparent conductive film made of (Indium Tin Oxide) is formed on the entire surface of the base materials 21A and 21B. As described above, in the IPS method or the like, the electrode is manufactured by being patterned in a desired shape.

［配向層］
配向層２３Ａ、２３Ｂは、光配向層により形成される。光配向層に適用可能な光配向材料は、光配向の手法を適用可能な各種の材料を広く適用することができるが、本実施形態では、例えば光二量化型の材料を使用する。この光二量化型の材料については、「Ｍ．Ｓｃｈａｄｔ， Ｋ．Ｓｃｈｍｉｔｔ， Ｖ． Ｋｏｚｉｎｋｏｖ ａｎｄ Ｖ． Ｃｈｉｇｒｉｎｏｖ ： Ｊｐｎ． Ｊ． Ａｐｐｌ．Ｐｈｙｓ．， ３１， ２１５５ （１９９２）」、「Ｍ． Ｓｃｈａｄｔ， Ｈ． Ｓｅｉｂｅｒｌｅ ａｎｄ Ａ． Ｓｃｈｕｓｔｅｒ ： Ｎａｔｕｒｅ， ３８１， ２１２（１９９６）」等に開示されている。 [Alignment layer]
The alignment layers 23A and 23B are formed of a photo-alignment layer. As the photo-alignment material applicable to the photo-alignment layer, various materials to which the photo-alignment technique can be applied can be widely applied. In this embodiment, for example, a photodimerization type material is used. The photodimerization type material is described in “M. Schadt, K. Schmitt, V. Kozinkov and V. Chigrinov: Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 31, 2155 (1992)”, “M. Seiberle and A. Schuster: Nature, 381, 212 (1996).

光配向層に代えて、ラビング処理により製造してもよい。この場合、配向層２３Ａ、２３Ｂは、ポリイミド等の配向層に適用可能な各種材料層を製造した後、この材料層の表面にラビングロールを使用したラビング処理により微細なライン状凹凸形状を製造して形成される。
このようなラビング処理による配向層、光配向層に代えて、ラビング処理により製造した微細なライン状凹凸形状を賦型処理により製造して配向層を製造してもよい。 Instead of the photo-alignment layer, it may be produced by a rubbing process. In this case, the alignment layers 23A and 23B are manufactured by manufacturing various material layers applicable to the alignment layer such as polyimide, and then manufacturing a fine line-shaped uneven shape on the surface of the material layer by rubbing using a rubbing roll. Formed.
Instead of the alignment layer and the photo-alignment layer by such a rubbing treatment, a fine line-shaped uneven shape produced by the rubbing treatment may be produced by a shaping treatment to produce the orientation layer.

［スペーサー］
スペーサー２４は、液晶層１４の厚みを規定するために設けられ、各種の樹脂材料を広く適用することができるが、本実施形態ではフォトレジストにより製造される。スペーサー２４は、第２電極２２Ｂを製造してなる基材２１Ｂの上に、フォトレジストを塗工して露光、現像することにより製造される。なおスペーサー２４は、第１の積層体１２に設けるようにしてもよく、第１の積層体１２及び第２の積層体１３の双方に設けるようにしてもよい。またスペーサー２４は、配向層２３Ｂの上に設けるようにしてもよい。またスペーサーは、いわゆるビーズスペーサーを適用してもよい。 [spacer]
The spacer 24 is provided in order to define the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 14, and various resin materials can be widely applied. In this embodiment, the spacer 24 is manufactured by a photoresist. The spacer 24 is manufactured by applying a photoresist on the base material 21B formed by manufacturing the second electrode 22B, and exposing and developing. The spacer 24 may be provided in the first stacked body 12 or may be provided in both the first stacked body 12 and the second stacked body 13. The spacer 24 may be provided on the alignment layer 23B. As the spacer, a so-called bead spacer may be applied.

［液晶層］
液晶層１４は、この種の調光フィルムに適用可能な各種の液晶材料を広く適用することができる。具体的に、液晶層１４には、例えば、特開２００３−３６６４８４号に記載の液晶化合物を用いることができる。また、上市品としては、例えばメルク社製ＭＬＣ２１６６等の液晶材料を適用することができる。なお、ゲストホスト方式による場合、液晶層１４には、液晶材料と調光に供する色素とが混入されるものの、ゲストホスト方式について提案されている液晶材料と色素との混合物を広く適用することができる。液晶セル１５は、液晶層１４を囲むように、シール材２５が配置され、このシール材２５により液晶の漏出が防止される。ここでシール材２５は、例えばエポキシ樹脂、紫外線硬化性樹脂等を適用することができる。 [Liquid crystal layer]
Various liquid crystal materials applicable to this type of light control film can be widely applied to the liquid crystal layer 14. Specifically, for the liquid crystal layer 14, for example, a liquid crystal compound described in JP-A No. 2003-366484 can be used. Moreover, as a marketed product, liquid crystal materials, such as Merck MLC2166, can be applied, for example. In the case of the guest-host method, the liquid crystal layer 14 is mixed with a liquid crystal material and a dye for dimming, but a mixture of a liquid crystal material and a dye proposed for the guest-host method can be widely applied. it can. In the liquid crystal cell 15, a sealing material 25 is disposed so as to surround the liquid crystal layer 14, and leakage of liquid crystal is prevented by the sealing material 25. Here, for example, an epoxy resin, an ultraviolet curable resin, or the like can be applied to the sealing material 25.

［製造工程］
図２は、調光フィルム１０の製造工程を示すフローチャートである。液晶セル１５は、第２の積層体製造工程ＳＰ２において、第２の積層体１３が製造される。第２の積層体製造工程ＳＰ２においては、電極製造工程ＳＰ２−１において、基材２１Ｂにスパッタリング等によりＩＴＯによる第２電極２２Ｂが製造される。続くスペーサー製造工程ＳＰ２−２において、スペーサー２４に係る塗工液（フォトレジスト）を塗工した後、乾燥、露光して現像することにより、スペーサー２４が製造される。また続いて配向層製造工程ＳＰ２−３において、配向層２３Ｂに係る塗工液を塗工して乾燥した後、紫外線の照射により液晶分子配向方向を設定し、これにより配向層２３Ｂが製造される。これらによりこの実施形態では、第２の積層体１３が製造される。 [Manufacturing process]
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the manufacturing process of the light control film 10. In the liquid crystal cell 15, the second stacked body 13 is manufactured in the second stacked body manufacturing step SP2. In the second laminate manufacturing process SP2, in the electrode manufacturing process SP2-1, the second electrode 22B made of ITO is manufactured on the base material 21B by sputtering or the like. In the subsequent spacer manufacturing step SP2-2, the coating liquid (photoresist) relating to the spacer 24 is applied, and then the spacer 24 is manufactured by drying, exposing and developing. Subsequently, in the alignment layer manufacturing step SP2-3, after coating and drying the coating liquid related to the alignment layer 23B, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules is set by irradiation with ultraviolet rays, whereby the alignment layer 23B is manufactured. . Thus, in this embodiment, the second laminate 13 is manufactured.

調光フィルム１０の製造工程は、続く第１の積層体製造工程ＳＰ３において、第２の積層体製造工程ＳＰ２と同様にして、第１の積層体１２が製造される。すなわち第１の積層体製造工程ＳＰ３では、基材２１Ａにスパッタリング等によりＩＴＯによる第１電極２２Ａが製造され、配向層２３Ａに係る塗工液を塗工、乾燥した後、紫外線の照射により液晶分子配向方向を設定することにより配向層２３Ａが製造され、これらにより第１の積層体１２が製造される。   In the manufacturing process of the light control film 10, in the subsequent first laminate manufacturing process SP3, the first laminate 12 is manufactured in the same manner as the second laminate manufacturing process SP2. That is, in the first laminate manufacturing process SP3, the first electrode 22A made of ITO is manufactured on the base material 21A by sputtering or the like, and after the coating liquid related to the alignment layer 23A is applied and dried, the liquid crystal molecules are irradiated by ultraviolet irradiation. By setting the alignment direction, the alignment layer 23A is manufactured, and the first laminate 12 is manufactured by these.

この製造工程は、続く液晶セル製造工程ＳＰ４において、ディスペンサを使用して枠形状によりシール材２５を塗工した後、この枠形状の部位に液晶材料を配置して第１の積層体１２、第２の積層体１３を積層押圧してシール材２５を紫外線の照射等により硬化させ、これにより液晶セル１５を製造する。なお液晶材料の配置にあっては、第１の積層体１２、第２の積層体１３を先に積層するようにして、第１の積層体１２、第２の積層体１３を積層して形成される空隙に配置するようにしてもよい。   In this manufacturing process, in the subsequent liquid crystal cell manufacturing process SP4, after applying the sealing material 25 in a frame shape using a dispenser, a liquid crystal material is disposed in the frame-shaped portion, and the first laminated body 12, The laminated body 13 is laminated and pressed to cure the sealing material 25 by ultraviolet irradiation or the like, thereby manufacturing the liquid crystal cell 15. In the arrangement of the liquid crystal material, the first stacked body 12 and the second stacked body 13 are stacked so that the first stacked body 12 and the second stacked body 13 are stacked first. It may be arranged in the gap.

調光フィルム１０は、続く積層工程ＳＰ５において、直線偏光板１６、１７と積層されて形成される。なお液晶セル１５は、基材２１Ａ、２１Ｂがロールに巻き取られた長尺フィルム形態により提供され、これら工程ＳＰ２〜ＳＰ５の全て、又はこれら工程ＳＰ２〜ＳＰ５のうちの一部が、ロールから基材２１Ａ、２１Ｂを引き出して搬送しながら実行される。なおこれにより液晶セル１５は、必要に応じて、途中の工程から一枚ずつの処理により各工程が実行されることになる。   The light control film 10 is formed by being laminated with the linear polarizing plates 16 and 17 in the subsequent lamination step SP5. The liquid crystal cell 15 is provided in the form of a long film in which the base materials 21A and 21B are wound on a roll, and all of these processes SP2 to SP5 or a part of these processes SP2 to SP5 are based on the roll. It is executed while the materials 21A and 21B are pulled out and conveyed. As a result, each step of the liquid crystal cell 15 is executed by a process one by one from an intermediate step as necessary.

［電圧印加］
図３は、第１電極２２Ａと第２電極２２Ｂとの間に加える電圧を説明する図である。第１電極２２Ａ及び第２電極２２Ｂは、これに限定されるわけではないが、本実施形態では長方形である。そして、第１電極２２Ａの長手方向の両端には、銀ペースト等により導電部２２１Ａ，２２２Ａが設けられている。第２電極２２Ｂの長手方向の両端には、銀ペースト等により導電部２２１Ｂ，２２２Ｂが設けられている。これらの導電部２２１Ａ，２２２Ａ，２２１Ｂ，２２２Ｂは、第１電極２２Ａ，第２電極２２Ｂの長手方向の端部において短手方向に延びている。 [Voltage application]
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a voltage applied between the first electrode 22A and the second electrode 22B. The first electrode 22A and the second electrode 22B are not limited to this, but are rectangular in this embodiment. Conductive portions 221A and 222A are provided by silver paste or the like at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the first electrode 22A. Conductive portions 221B and 222B are provided by silver paste or the like at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the second electrode 22B. These conductive portions 221A, 222A, 221B, and 222B extend in the short direction at the longitudinal ends of the first electrode 22A and the second electrode 22B.

第１電極２２Ａの一端の導電部２２１Ａには、電源２０が取り付けられた給電部２０Ａが設けられ、給電部２０Ａより導電部２２１Ａに所定の電圧Ｅ０が加えられる。この電圧Ｅ０の大きさは電源２０を調整することにより可変である。なお、本実施形態では電圧は直流とするが、これに限定されず、交流であってもよい。 The conductive portion 221A at one end of the first electrode 22A is provided with a power feeding portion 20A to which the power source 20 is attached, and a predetermined voltage E 0 is applied from the power feeding portion 20A to the conductive portion 221A. The magnitude of the voltage E 0 can be varied by adjusting the power supply 20. In this embodiment, the voltage is a direct current, but is not limited to this, and may be an alternating current.

第２電極２２Ｂの一端の導電部２２１Ｂは、接地されている。第１電極２２Ａの他端の導電部２２２Ａには、三路スイッチ３０が接続されている。三路スイッチ３０により選択される一方の接点Ｐ１には、可変抵抗３１の一端が接続され、可変抵抗３１の他端は第２電極２２Ｂの他端の導電部２２２Ｂに接続されている。三路スイッチ３０により選択される他方の接点Ｐ２は、抵抗を介さずに、第２電極２２Ｂの他端の導電部２２２Ｂに接続されている。
なお、本実施形態では、このように第１電極２２Ａの他端の導電部２２２Ａが、三路スイッチ３０により、可変抵抗３１を介して第２電極２２Ｂの他端の導電部２２２Ｂに接続されている側と、可変抵抗３１を介さずに第２電極２２Ｂの他端の導電部２２２Ｂに接続されている側と、のいずれかに選択的に接続される形態について説明した。しかし本発明はこれに限定されない。
第１電極２２Ａの他端の導電部２２２Ａと第２電極２２Ｂの他端の導電部２２２Ｂとは、三路スイッチ３０を介さずに、例えば直接接触していてもよく、導電ペーストで貼り合わされていてもよく、導電線で接続、抵抗を介して接続または可変抵抗を介して接続されていてもよい。 The conductive portion 221B at one end of the second electrode 22B is grounded. A three-way switch 30 is connected to the conductive portion 222A at the other end of the first electrode 22A. One contact P1 selected by the three-way switch 30 is connected to one end of the variable resistor 31, and the other end of the variable resistor 31 is connected to the conductive portion 222B of the other end of the second electrode 22B. The other contact P2 selected by the three-way switch 30 is connected to the conductive portion 222B at the other end of the second electrode 22B without passing through a resistor.
In the present embodiment, the conductive portion 222A at the other end of the first electrode 22A is connected to the conductive portion 222B at the other end of the second electrode 22B by the three-way switch 30 as described above. The embodiment has been described in which it is selectively connected to either the side connected to the conductive portion 222B at the other end of the second electrode 22B without the variable resistor 31 interposed therebetween. However, the present invention is not limited to this.
The conductive portion 222A at the other end of the first electrode 22A and the conductive portion 222B at the other end of the second electrode 22B may be in direct contact, for example, without passing through the three-way switch 30, and are bonded with a conductive paste. Alternatively, they may be connected by a conductive wire, connected via a resistor, or connected via a variable resistor.

第１電極２２Ａの導電部２２１Ａに電圧Ｅ０が加えられ、第２電極２２Ｂの導電部２２１Ｂがアースに接続されている場合の第１電極２２Ａ及び第２電極２２Ｂの電位の状態を図４に示す。 FIG. 4 shows the potential states of the first electrode 22A and the second electrode 22B when the voltage E 0 is applied to the conductive portion 221A of the first electrode 22A and the conductive portion 221B of the second electrode 22B is connected to the ground. Show.

三路スイッチ３０が、接点Ｐ１及びＰ２のいずれとも接続されておらず、開いているときは、抵抗が無限大になるので、図４において点線で示すように、第１電極２２Ａは、電位Ｅ０で略一定であり、第２電極２２Ｂは電位０である。
三路スイッチ３０が、図３における接点Ｐ２に接続されている場合、抵抗値Ｒが略ゼロであるので、ＲＩ＝０となり、図４において一点鎖線で示すような形になる。
三路スイッチ３０が、図３における接点Ｐ１に接続されている場合、ＲＩは可変抵抗３１の抵抗値Ｒにより変化する。この可変抵抗３１の抵抗値Ｒは、例えば、つまみ等で調整可能である。可変抵抗３１の抵抗値Ｒが大きくなると、第１電極２２Ａの導電部２２２Ａと、第２電極２２Ｂの導電部２２２Ｂとの間の電位差ＲＩが大きくなる。可変抵抗の抵抗値Ｒが小さくなると、第１電極２２Ａの導電部２２２Ａと、第２電極２２Ｂの導電部２２２Ｂとの間の電位差ＲＩが小さくなる。 When the three-way switch 30 is not connected to any of the contacts P1 and P2 and is open, the resistance becomes infinite. Therefore, as shown by a dotted line in FIG. 0 is substantially constant, and the second electrode 22B has a potential of 0.
When the three-way switch 30 is connected to the contact P2 in FIG. 3, since the resistance value R is substantially zero, RI = 0, and the shape shown by the one-dot chain line in FIG.
When the three-way switch 30 is connected to the contact P <b> 1 in FIG. 3, RI varies with the resistance value R of the variable resistor 31. The resistance value R of the variable resistor 31 can be adjusted with a knob, for example. As the resistance value R of the variable resistor 31 increases, the potential difference RI between the conductive portion 222A of the first electrode 22A and the conductive portion 222B of the second electrode 22B increases. When the resistance value R of the variable resistor decreases, the potential difference RI between the conductive portion 222A of the first electrode 22A and the conductive portion 222B of the second electrode 22B decreases.

図示するように、第１電極２２Ａの電位Ｅ１（ｘ）は、一端側の導電部２２１Ａにおいて、給電されたＥ０であるが、他端側の導電部２２２Ａの方向に進むに従い下がる。
そして、導電部２２２Ａの位置（一端側から距離Ｌの位置）において、電位はＲＩ下がる（Ｒ：可変抵抗の抵抗値、Ｉ：可変抵抗を流れる電流）。
第２電極２２Ｂの他端側の導電部２２２Ｂの電位Ｅ２（ｘ）は、そのＲＩ下がった電位であり、そこから一端側の導電部２２１Ｂに向かう従い下がり、導電部２２１Ｂにおいて、電位０Ｖとなる。 As shown in the drawing, the potential E 1 (x) of the first electrode 22A is E 0 that is fed in the conductive portion 221A on one end side, but decreases as it proceeds in the direction of the conductive portion 222A on the other end side.
Then, at the position of the conductive portion 222A (position at a distance L from one end side), the potential decreases by RI (R: resistance value of the variable resistor, I: current flowing through the variable resistor).
The potential E 2 (x) of the conductive portion 222B on the other end side of the second electrode 22B is a potential that is lowered from the RI, and then decreases toward the conductive portion 221B on the one end side. Become.

第１電極２２Ａ及び第２電極２２Ｂの一端からの距離ｘの位置における、第１電極２２Ａの電位Ｅ１（ｘ）と第２電極２２Ｂの電位Ｅ２（ｘ）との間の電位差（電圧）Ｅ（ｘ）は以下のように表される。

Ｅ（ｘ）＝Ｅ１（ｘ）−Ｅ２（ｘ）・・・・・（１）

ここで、第１電極２２Ａの全長の抵抗値をＲ１、第２電極２２Ｂの全長の抵抗値をＲ２とすると、
Ｅ１（ｘ）＝Ｅ０−Ｒ１Ｉｘ／Ｌ・・・・・（２）
Ｅ２＝Ｒ２Ｉｘ／Ｌ・・・・・・・・・・・（３）
Ｅ０＝Ｉ（Ｒ＋Ｒ１＋Ｒ２）・・・・・・・・・（４）
であるので、

（１）を（２）〜（４）を代入等して変形すると、

Ｅ（ｘ）＝Ｅ０−Ｅ０｛（Ｒ１＋Ｒ２）／（Ｒ＋Ｒ１＋Ｒ２）｝ｘ／Ｌ

となる。 At the position of distance x from one end of the first electrode 22A and second electrode 22B, the potential difference between the potential E 2 (x) of the potential E 1 (x) and the second electrode 22B of the first electrode 22A (voltage) E (x) is expressed as follows.

E (x) = E 1 (x) −E 2 (x) (1)

Here, if the resistance value of the entire length of the first electrode 22A is R 1 and the resistance value of the entire length of the second electrode 22B is R 2 ,
E 1 (x) = E 0 −R 1 Ix / L (2)
E 2 = R 2 Ix / L (3)
E 0 = I (R + R 1 + R 2 ) (4)
So

If (1) is transformed by substituting (2) to (4), etc.,

E (x) = E 0 −E 0 {(R 1 + R 2 ) / (R + R 1 + R 2 )} x / L

It becomes.

ここで、図５は、調光フィルム１０の透過率Ｔと、電位差Ｅ（ｘ）との関係を示したグラフである。液晶の傾きは、電位差Ｅ（ｘ）によって変化するので、調光フィルム１０の透過率Ｔは、図示するように電位差Ｅ（ｘ）の変化に応じて変化する。   Here, FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the transmittance T of the light control film 10 and the potential difference E (x). Since the inclination of the liquid crystal changes depending on the potential difference E (x), the transmittance T of the light control film 10 changes according to the change of the potential difference E (x) as shown in the figure.

本実施形態において、スイッチ３０を接点Ｐ１に接続すると、調光フィルム１０における第１電極２２Ａと第２電極２２Ｂとの間の電位差Ｅ（ｘ）は、長手方向の位置ｘによって、式（１）’のように変化する。したがって、調光フィルム１０の透過率Ｔを、長手方向に漸次変化させる（グラデーションを付ける，濃淡を付ける）ことができる。また、その変化の割合を、抵抗値Ｒを変えることにより変更し、グラデーションを所望の濃淡にすることができる。   In the present embodiment, when the switch 30 is connected to the contact P1, the potential difference E (x) between the first electrode 22A and the second electrode 22B in the light control film 10 is expressed by the formula (1) according to the position x in the longitudinal direction. It changes like '. Therefore, the transmittance T of the light control film 10 can be gradually changed in the longitudinal direction (a gradation is added or a gradation is added). Further, the change ratio can be changed by changing the resistance value R, and the gradation can be changed to a desired shading.

また、図５に示すように、調光フィルム１０の透過率Ｔと電位差Ｅとの関係はリニアではなく、電位差Ｅ（ｘ）が０からＶ０までの間、透過率は０であり、Ｖ０を超えると急激に立ち上がり、Ｖ１を超えると徐々に傾きが緩やかになり、略一定となる。
すなわち、Ｖ０とＶ１との間において、透過率Ｔの変動が大きいので、図４に示す電位差Ｅ（ｘ）が、このＶ０からＶ１の範囲で変化するようにすることで、透過率Ｔをより大きく変動させることができる。すなわち、グラデーションの幅を大きくすることができ、換言すると、濃淡の幅を大きくすることができる。 Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the relationship between the transmittance T and the potential difference E of the light control film 10 is not linear, and the transmittance is 0 when the potential difference E (x) is from 0 to V 0. more than 0 a rising abruptly, gradually becomes gentle slope exceeds V 1, is substantially constant.
That is, since the variation of the transmittance T is large between V 0 and V 1 , the potential difference E (x) shown in FIG. 4 is changed in the range of V 0 to V 1 , thereby transmitting the light. The rate T can be varied more greatly. That is, the gradation width can be increased, in other words, the shade width can be increased.

すなわち、

Ｖ０≦Ｅ（ｘ）≦Ｖ１

であり、また、Ｅ（ｘ）は、Ｅ０−Ｅ０（Ｒ１＋Ｒ２）／（Ｒ＋Ｒ１＋Ｒ２）＝ＩＲとＥ０との間で変化するので、

ＩＲ≦Ｖ０＜Ｖ１≦Ｅ０

である。 That is,

V 0 ≦ E (x) ≦ V 1

And E (x) varies between E 0 -E 0 (R 1 + R 2 ) / (R + R 1 + R 2 ) = IR and E 0 ,

IR ≦ V 0 <V 1 ≦ E 0

It is.

これを変形すると、

Ｒ≦Ｖ０／Ｉ＝Ｖ０（Ｒ＋Ｒ１＋Ｒ２）／Ｅ０
Ｅ０Ｒ≦Ｖ０（Ｒ＋Ｒ１＋Ｒ２）
（Ｅ０−Ｖ０）Ｒ≦Ｖ０（Ｒ１＋Ｒ２）
Ｒ≦Ｖ０（Ｒ１＋Ｒ２）／（Ｅ０−Ｖ０）

従って、

０≦Ｒ≦Ｖ０（Ｒ１＋Ｒ２）／（Ｅ０−Ｖ０） If this is transformed,

R ≦ V 0 / I = V 0 (R + R 1 + R 2 ) / E 0
E 0 R ≦ V 0 (R + R 1 + R 2 )
(E 0 −V 0 ) R ≦ V 0 (R 1 + R 2 )
R ≦ V 0 (R 1 + R 2 ) / (E 0 −V 0 )

Therefore,

0 ≦ R ≦ V 0 (R 1 + R 2 ) / (E 0 −V 0 )

本実施形態によると、抵抗値Ｒをこの範囲にすることで、電圧の変化に対する透過率Ｔの変化量を大きくすることができ、調光フィルム１０における、面内のグラデーションの濃淡の幅を大きくすることができる。但し、抵抗値Ｒの範囲は上式に限定されるものではない。   According to the present embodiment, by setting the resistance value R within this range, the amount of change in the transmittance T with respect to the change in voltage can be increased, and the gradation width of the in-plane gradation in the light control film 10 is increased. can do. However, the range of the resistance value R is not limited to the above formula.

（変形形態）
（１）以上、本発明の実施形態として、ＶＡ方式の液晶調光フィルムについて説明したが、本発明はこれに限定されず、電位差により調光量を調整できる他の方式であってもよい。
例えば、ＶＡ方式以外の液晶調光フィルムとして、ＴＮ方式（ｔｗｉｓｔｅｄ Ｎｅｍａｔｉｃ ｌｉｑｕｉｄ ｃｒｙｓｔａｌ）を用いてもよい。ＴＮ方式は、調光フィルムは、電圧がＯＦＦのときは液晶分子が水平に並び、光を通過させて画面が「白」になる。徐々に電圧をかけていくと、液晶分子が垂直に立ち上がっていき、光をさえぎって画面が黒くなる方式である。 (Deformation)
(1) Although the VA liquid crystal light control film has been described as an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be another system capable of adjusting the light control amount by a potential difference.
For example, a TN method (twisted nematic liquid crystal) may be used as a liquid crystal light control film other than the VA method. In the TN system, when the voltage is OFF, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned horizontally in the TN system, and the light is allowed to pass through and the screen becomes “white”. When voltage is gradually applied, the liquid crystal molecules rise vertically, blocking the light and blacking the screen.

また、液晶以外を用いたものとして、例えば、ＥＣ方式、ＳＰＤ方式、ＰＤＬＣ方式調光フィルムであってもよい。
ＥＣ方式（Ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏ ｃｈｒｏｍｉｃ）を用いた調光フィルムは、一対の電極で調光層（電解質層）を挟んだ構造を有する。電極間の電位差に応じ、酸化還元反応を利用して調光層の色が透明と濃紺との間で変化する。
ＳＰＤ方式（Ｓｕｓｐｅｎｄｅｄ Ｐａｒｔｉｃｌｅ Ｄｅｖｉｃｅ）を用いた調光フィルムは、微粒子の配向を利用し、通常濃紺色に着色しているが、電圧をかけると透明に変化し、電圧を切ると元の濃紺色に戻るものであり、電圧によって濃淡を調整できる。
ＰＤＬＣ方式（Ｐａｒｔｉｃｌｅ Ｄｉｓｐｅｒｓｅｄ Ｌｉｑｕｉｄ Ｃｒｙｓｔａｌ）を用いた調光フィルムは、液晶層中に特殊なポリマーによるネットワーク構造体を形成させたもので、ポリマーネットワークの作用により、液晶分子の配列が不規則な状態を誘起して光を散乱させる。そして、電圧を印加することで、液晶分子を電界方向に配列させると、光が散乱されず、透明な状態となる。
調光フィルム Moreover, as what uses liquid crystal other than a liquid crystal, for example, EC system, SPD system, and PDLC system light control film may be used.
A light control film using an EC system (Electrochromic) has a structure in which a light control layer (electrolyte layer) is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes. Depending on the potential difference between the electrodes, the color of the light control layer changes between transparent and dark blue using an oxidation-reduction reaction.
The light control film using the SPD method (Suspended Particle Device) is normally colored in dark blue using the orientation of fine particles, but it changes to transparent when a voltage is applied, and changes to the original dark blue when the voltage is turned off. It is a return, and the shade can be adjusted by the voltage.
The light control film using the PDLC method (Particle Dispersed Liquid Crystal) is a liquid crystal layer in which a network structure of a special polymer is formed. Due to the action of the polymer network, the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules is irregular. Induces and scatters light. When a voltage is applied to align the liquid crystal molecules in the electric field direction, the light is not scattered and becomes transparent.
Light control film

（２）本実施形態では、電圧を加えていない場合に透過率が低いノーマリーブラックについて説明したが、液晶の種類によっては、ノーマリーホワイトであってもよい。なお、上述のように、ノーマリーブラックとは、液晶に電圧がかかっていない時に透過率が最小となり、黒い画面になる構造である。ノーマリーホワイトとは、液晶に電圧がかかっていない時に透過率が最大となり、透明となる構造である。 (2) In this embodiment, a description has been given of normally black having low transmittance when no voltage is applied. However, normally white may be used depending on the type of liquid crystal. As described above, normally black is a structure in which the transmittance is minimized and a black screen is obtained when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal. Normally white is a structure in which the transmittance is maximized and transparent when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal.

（３）本実施形態では、矩形の電極の一辺から給電を行い、対向する他辺に三極スイッチを介して抵抗を接続したが、これに限定されない。例えば、給電は一辺の全体ではなく、一点から行っても良い。この場合、電位線は年輪状になる。
（４）また、矩形の電極の一辺から給電を行い、抵抗を接続する他辺は、対向する辺ではなく、隣接する辺であってもよい。さらには、給電を行う辺や、抵抗を接続する辺は、一辺ではなく二以上の辺であってもよい。
（５）本発明では、電極間に加える電流を直流としたが、これに限定されず交流でもよい。 (3) In the present embodiment, power is supplied from one side of the rectangular electrode, and a resistor is connected to the opposite side via a three-pole switch. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the power supply may be performed from one point instead of the entire side. In this case, the potential line has an annual ring shape.
(4) Further, the other side to which power is supplied from one side of the rectangular electrode and the resistor is connected may be an adjacent side instead of an opposite side. Furthermore, the side to which power is fed and the side to which the resistor is connected may be two or more sides instead of one side.
(5) In the present invention, the current applied between the electrodes is a direct current. However, the present invention is not limited to this and may be an alternating current.

なお、図３の第２導電部２２２Ｂをアースすると、第１電極２２Ａの電位勾配は存在するが、第２電極２２Ｂの電位勾配はなくなり一定の電圧（アース）となる。このような繋ぎ方をした場合に、斜め方向から見たときにグラデーションは付かないという現象が発生する。ただし、この場合であっても、正面方向から見た場合、面内でグラデーションを付けることがきる。   When the second conductive portion 222B of FIG. 3 is grounded, the potential gradient of the first electrode 22A exists, but the potential gradient of the second electrode 22B disappears and becomes a constant voltage (ground). When such a connection method is used, a phenomenon occurs in which gradation is not added when viewed from an oblique direction. However, even in this case, when viewed from the front direction, the gradation can be added within the surface.

また、上述の実施形態では液晶セルを直線偏光板挟持して調光フィルムを構成する場合ついて述べたが、本発明はこれに限らず、ゲストホスト型液晶による液晶層を使用して直線偏光板を省略して調光フィルムを構成する場合にも広く適用することができる。   Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the liquid crystal cell is sandwiched between the linear polarizing plates to form the light control film is described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the linear polarizing plate using the liquid crystal layer of the guest-host type liquid crystal is used. The present invention can also be widely applied to the case where the light control film is constituted by omitting.

以上、本発明の実施に好適な具体的な構成を詳述したが、本発明は、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で、上述の実施形態を種々に変更することができる。   As mentioned above, although the specific structure suitable for implementation of this invention was explained in full detail, this invention can be variously changed in the range which does not deviate from the meaning of this invention.

１０ 調光フィルム
１２ 第１の積層体
１３ 第２の積層体
１４ 液晶層
１５ 液晶セル
１６，１７ 直線偏光板
１８，１９ 位相差フィルム
２０ 電源
２１Ａ，２１Ｂ 基材
２２Ａ 第１電極
２２Ｂ 第２電極
２３Ａ，２３Ｂ 配向層
２４ スペーサー
２５ シール材
３０ 三路スイッチ
３１ 可変抵抗
２２１Ａ，２２１Ｂ，２２２Ａ，２２２Ｂ 導電部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Light control film 12 1st laminated body 13 2nd laminated body 14 Liquid crystal layer 15 Liquid crystal cell 16, 17 Linearly polarizing plate 18, 19 Phase difference film 20 Power supply 21A, 21B Base material 22A 1st electrode 22B 2nd electrode 23A , 23B Alignment layer 24 Spacer 25 Sealing material 30 Three-way switch 31 Variable resistance 221A, 221B, 222A, 222B Conductive part

Claims (4)

互いに対向配置された第１の電極と第２の電極と、
前記第１の電極に設けられるとともに、前記第１の電極と前記第２の電極との間に電圧を加える給電部と、
前記第１の電極と前記第２の電極との間に配置され、前記第１の電極と前記第２の電極との間に加えられた前記電圧によって透過率を変化させる調光材料と、を備え、
前記給電部と異なる位置において、前記第１の電極と前記第２の電極とが電気的に接続され、
前記第１の電極と前記第２の電極との間には抵抗部材が配置され、
前記抵抗部材の抵抗値が可変である、調光フィルム。 A first electrode and a second electrode arranged opposite to each other;
A power feeding unit that is provided on the first electrode and applies a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode;
A light-modulating material that is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and that changes transmittance by the voltage applied between the first electrode and the second electrode; Prepared,
The first electrode and the second electrode are electrically connected at a position different from the power feeding unit ,
A resistance member is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode,
The light control film whose resistance value of the said resistance member is variable . 互いに対向配置された第１の電極と第２の電極と、
前記第１の電極に設けられるとともに、前記第１の電極と前記第２の電極との間に電圧を加える給電部と、
前記第１の電極と前記第２の電極との間に配置され、前記第１の電極と前記第２の電極との間に加えられた前記電圧によって透過率を変化させる調光材料と、を備え、
前記給電部と異なる位置において、前記第１の電極と前記第２の電極とが電気的に接続され、
前記第１の電極の一端側に前記給電部が設けられ、前記第１の電極の他端側と、前記第２の電極の他端側とが電気的に接続されている、調光フィルム。 A first electrode and a second electrode arranged opposite to each other;
A power feeding unit that is provided on the first electrode and applies a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode;
A light-modulating material that is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and that changes transmittance by the voltage applied between the first electrode and the second electrode; Prepared,
The first electrode and the second electrode are electrically connected at a position different from the power feeding unit ,
The light control film which the said electric power feeding part is provided in the one end side of the said 1st electrode, and the other end side of the said 1st electrode and the other end side of the said 2nd electrode are electrically connected . 互いに対向配置された第１の電極と第２の電極と、
前記第１の電極に設けられるとともに、前記第１の電極と前記第２の電極との間に電圧を加える給電部と、
前記第１の電極と前記第２の電極との間に配置され、前記第１の電極と前記第２の電極との間に加えられた前記電圧によって透過率を変化させる調光材料と、を備え、
前記給電部と異なる位置において、前記第１の電極と前記第２の電極とが電気的に接続され、
前記給電部は、複数個所に設けられている、調光フィルム。 A first electrode and a second electrode arranged opposite to each other;
A power feeding unit that is provided on the first electrode and applies a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode;
A light-modulating material that is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and that changes transmittance by the voltage applied between the first electrode and the second electrode; Prepared,
The first electrode and the second electrode are electrically connected at a position different from the power feeding unit ,
The said electric power feeding part is a light control film provided in several places . 互いに対向配置された第１の電極と第２の電極と、
前記第１の電極に設けられるとともに、前記第１の電極と前記第２の電極との間に電圧を加える給電部と、
前記第１の電極と前記第２の電極との間に配置され、前記第１の電極と前記第２の電極との間に加えられた前記電圧によって透過率を変化させる調光材料と、を備え、
前記給電部と異なる位置において、前記第１の電極と前記第２の電極とが電気的に接続され、
前記第１の電極と前記第２の電極とは、前記給電部と異なる複数個所において電気的に接続されている、調光フィルム。
A first electrode and a second electrode arranged opposite to each other;
A power feeding unit that is provided on the first electrode and applies a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode;
A light-modulating material that is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and that changes transmittance by the voltage applied between the first electrode and the second electrode; Prepared,
The first electrode and the second electrode are electrically connected at a position different from the power feeding unit ,
The light control film in which the first electrode and the second electrode are electrically connected at a plurality of locations different from the power feeding unit .
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