JP5790189B2 - Non-contact power feeding device - Google Patents

Non-contact power feeding device Download PDF

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JP5790189B2
JP5790189B2 JP2011134352A JP2011134352A JP5790189B2 JP 5790189 B2 JP5790189 B2 JP 5790189B2 JP 2011134352 A JP2011134352 A JP 2011134352A JP 2011134352 A JP2011134352 A JP 2011134352A JP 5790189 B2 JP5790189 B2 JP 5790189B2
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coil
power transmission
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成文 遠嶋
成文 遠嶋
祐司 前川
祐司 前川
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Description

本発明は、非接触給電装置に関する。  The present invention relates to a non-contact power feeding device.

従来から非接触給電方式として、電磁誘導方式、電波受信方式、電界結合方式及び磁界共鳴方式等が知られている。これらの方式の内、磁界共鳴方式とは、送電回路側と受電回路側に、コイルとコンデンサからなるＬＣ共振回路を設け、両回路間で磁界を共鳴させてワイヤレスで電力を伝送する技術である（下記特許文献参照）。
この磁界共鳴方式は、広く実用化されている電磁誘導方式と比べて、弱い磁界で高効率且つ長距離の電力伝送を実現できるという特徴があり、携帯端末や電気自動車等に利用可能な次世代のワイヤレス充電技術として注目されている。 Conventionally, as a non-contact power feeding method, an electromagnetic induction method, a radio wave reception method, an electric field coupling method, a magnetic field resonance method, and the like are known. Among these methods, the magnetic field resonance method is a technology in which an LC resonance circuit composed of a coil and a capacitor is provided on the power transmission circuit side and the power reception circuit side, and electric power is transmitted wirelessly by resonating the magnetic field between both circuits. (See the following patent document).
This magnetic resonance method is characterized by the fact that it can realize high-efficiency and long-distance power transmission with a weak magnetic field, compared to the widely used electromagnetic induction method, and can be used for portable terminals, electric vehicles, etc. It is attracting attention as a wireless charging technology.

特表２００９−５０１５１０号公報Special table 2009-501510 特開２０１０−０８７３５３号公報JP 2010-087353 A 特開２０１０−０９８８９６号公報JP 2010-098896 A 特開２０１０−１１４９６５号公報JP 2010-114965 A

従来の磁界共鳴方式では、送電回路及び受電回路ともに単一のヘリカルコイルを使用し、送電回路側の送電コイルと受電回路側の受電コイルとを正対させながら磁界共鳴を発生させて電力伝送を行うことが一般的であるが、送電コイルから受電コイルへの磁界の伝搬方向が一方向のみであるため、送電コイルと受電コイルとの位置関係にズレが生じると電力の伝送効率が低下するという問題があった。  In the conventional magnetic field resonance method, a single helical coil is used for both the power transmission circuit and the power reception circuit, and power transmission is performed by generating magnetic field resonance while the power transmission coil on the power transmission circuit side and the power reception coil on the power reception circuit side are facing each other. It is common to do this, but because the propagation direction of the magnetic field from the power transmission coil to the power reception coil is only one direction, if the positional relationship between the power transmission coil and the power reception coil is shifted, the power transmission efficiency will be reduced. There was a problem.

本発明は、上述した事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、送電コイルと受電コイルとの位置関係に依らずに高効率での非接触給電を実現することを目的とする。  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to realize non-contact power feeding with high efficiency without depending on the positional relationship between the power transmission coil and the power reception coil.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明では、第１の解決手段として、交流電源から供給される交流電力を磁気エネルギに変換して無線送電する送電コイルと、前記磁気エネルギを交流電力に再変換する受電コイルとを備える非接触給電装置であって、前記送電コイルと前記受電コイルの少なくとも一方は、球形状に組み付けられた複数のヘリカルコイルから構成されている、という手段を採用する。  In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, as a first solution, a power transmission coil that converts AC power supplied from an AC power source into magnetic energy and wirelessly transmits the power, and reconverts the magnetic energy into AC power. It is a non-contact electric power feeder provided with the receiving coil to perform, Comprising: At least one of the said power transmission coil and the said power receiving coil employ | adopts the means that it is comprised from the several helical coil assembled | attached to spherical shape.

また、第２の解決手段として、上記第１の解決手段において、前記送電コイルと前記受電コイルの両方が前記球形状に組み付けられた複数のヘリカルコイルから構成されており、前記送電コイルを構成する各ヘリカルコイルの両端と前記交流電源の出力端子との電気的な接続または切断の切り替えを行う送電側スイッチと、前記受電コイルを構成する各ヘリカルコイルの両端と負荷の入力端子との電気的な接続または切断の切り替えを行う受電側スイッチと、前記交流電源から前記送電側スイッチへ伝搬する進行波と、前記送電側スイッチから前記交流電源へ伝搬する反射波とを分離して取り出す波形分離手段と、前記送電コイルを構成するヘリカルコイルと前記受電コイルを構成するヘリカルコイルとの組合わせの中から伝送効率の最も高い組合わせを前記進行波及び反射波に基づいて割出し、その結果得られた組合わせを使用して非接触給電を行う制御手段とを備える、という手段を採用する。  Further, as a second solving means, in the first solving means, both the power transmission coil and the power receiving coil are composed of a plurality of helical coils assembled in the spherical shape, and constitute the power transmission coil. A power transmission side switch for switching between electrical connection or disconnection between both ends of each helical coil and the output terminal of the AC power supply, and electrical connection between both ends of each helical coil constituting the power reception coil and the input terminal of the load A power receiving side switch for switching connection or disconnection, a waveform separating means for separating and extracting a traveling wave propagating from the AC power source to the power transmission side switch and a reflected wave propagating from the power transmission side switch to the AC power source; The transmission efficiency is the highest among the combinations of the helical coil constituting the power transmission coil and the helical coil constituting the power receiving coil. Indexing based combinations in the traveling wave and reflected wave, and a control means for performing non-contact power supply by using the combination of the resulting, employing a means of.

また、第３の解決手段として、上記第１または第２の解決手段において、前記送電コイルと前記受電コイルの少なくとも一方にコアを挿入し、そのコア位置を調整自在とするコア位置調整機構を備える、という手段を採用する。   In addition, as a third solving means, in the first or second solving means, a core position adjusting mechanism is provided in which a core is inserted into at least one of the power transmission coil and the power receiving coil, and the core position is adjustable. , Is adopted.

本発明によれば、複数のヘリカルコイルからなる球形状の送電コイル及び受電コイルを採用することにより、送電コイルから受電コイルへの磁界の伝搬方向が複数存在することになるため、送電コイルと受電コイルとの位置関係に依らずに高効率での非接触給電を実現することができる。  According to the present invention, by adopting a spherical power transmission coil and power reception coil composed of a plurality of helical coils, there are a plurality of magnetic field propagation directions from the power transmission coil to the power reception coil. Highly efficient non-contact power feeding can be realized regardless of the positional relationship with the coil.

本発明の一実施形態に係る非接触給電装置Ａの構成概略図である。1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a non-contact power feeding apparatus A according to an embodiment of the present invention. 非接触給電装置Ａの動作フローチャートである。5 is an operation flowchart of the non-contact power feeding apparatus A. 非接触給電装置Ａの変形例に関する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing regarding the modification of the non-contact electric power feeder A.

以下、本発明の一実施形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。
図１は、本実施形態に係る非接触給電装置Ａの構成概略図である。この非接触給電装置Ａは、例えばバッテリ等の負荷Ｌに対して、離れた位置に設置された交流電源Ｐから非接触で（ワイヤレスで）電力伝送を行うものであり、送電回路１及び受電回路２から構成されている。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a non-contact power feeding apparatus A according to the present embodiment. This non-contact power feeding apparatus A performs power transmission in a non-contact (wireless) manner from an AC power source P installed at a distant position with respect to a load L such as a battery. It consists of two.

送電回路１は、送電コイル１１、送電側スイッチ１２、方向性結合器１３及びコントローラ１４を備えている。送電コイル１１は、螺旋状に巻かれた３つのヘリカルコイル１１ａ、１１ｂ、１１ｃから構成されている。図１に示すように、これらのヘリカルコイル１１ａ、１１ｂ、１１ｃは、球形状に組み付けられて１つの送電コイル１１を構成している。なお、ヘリカルコイル１１ａ、１１ｂ、１１ｃは、互いに電気的に絶縁されている。  The power transmission circuit 1 includes a power transmission coil 11, a power transmission side switch 12, a directional coupler 13, and a controller 14. The power transmission coil 11 includes three helical coils 11a, 11b, and 11c wound in a spiral shape. As shown in FIG. 1, these helical coils 11 a, 11 b, 11 c are assembled into a spherical shape to constitute one power transmission coil 11. The helical coils 11a, 11b, and 11c are electrically insulated from each other.

送電側スイッチ１２は、コントローラ１４による制御に応じて、送電コイル１１を構成する各ヘリカルコイル１１ａ、１１ｂ、１１ｃの両端と交流電源Ｐの出力端子との電気的な接続または切断の切り替えを行う。
なお、ヘリカルコイル１１ａの両端は、送電コイル１１から引き出されて送電側スイッチ１２の外部端子１２ａに接続されている。ヘリカルコイル１１ｂの両端は、送電コイル１１から引き出されて送電側スイッチ１２の外部端子１２ｂに接続されている。ヘリカルコイル１１ｃの両端は、送電コイル１１から引き出されて送電側スイッチ１２の外部端子１２ｃに接続されている。また、交流電源Ｐの出力端子は、方向性結合器１３を介して送電側スイッチ１２の外部端子１２ｄに接続されている。 The power transmission side switch 12 performs switching between electrical connection or disconnection between both ends of each of the helical coils 11 a, 11 b, 11 c constituting the power transmission coil 11 and the output terminal of the AC power source P in accordance with control by the controller 14.
Note that both ends of the helical coil 11 a are drawn from the power transmission coil 11 and connected to the external terminals 12 a of the power transmission side switch 12. Both ends of the helical coil 11 b are drawn from the power transmission coil 11 and connected to the external terminals 12 b of the power transmission side switch 12. Both ends of the helical coil 11 c are drawn from the power transmission coil 11 and connected to the external terminals 12 c of the power transmission side switch 12. The output terminal of the AC power supply P is connected to the external terminal 12 d of the power transmission side switch 12 via the directional coupler 13.

つまり、送電側スイッチ１２は、ヘリカルコイル１１ａの両端と交流電源Ｐの出力端子とを接続する場合、外部端子１２ａと外部端子１２ｄとを接続状態に切り替える（図１参照）。また、送電側スイッチ１２は、ヘリカルコイル１１ｂの両端と交流電源Ｐの出力端子とを接続する場合、外部端子１２ｂと外部端子１２ｄとを接続状態に切り替える。また、送電側スイッチ１２は、ヘリカルコイル１１ｃの両端と交流電源Ｐの出力端子とを接続する場合、外部端子１２ｃと外部端子１２ｄとを接続状態に切り替える。  That is, the power transmission side switch 12 switches the external terminal 12a and the external terminal 12d to the connection state when connecting both ends of the helical coil 11a and the output terminal of the AC power supply P (see FIG. 1). Moreover, when connecting the both ends of the helical coil 11b and the output terminal of AC power supply P, the power transmission side switch 12 switches the external terminal 12b and the external terminal 12d to a connection state. Moreover, when connecting the both ends of the helical coil 11c and the output terminal of AC power supply P, the power transmission side switch 12 switches the external terminal 12c and the external terminal 12d to a connection state.

方向性結合器１３は、送電側スイッチ１２と交流電源Ｐとの間に介挿され、交流電源Ｐ側から送電コイル１１側へ伝搬する進行波と、送電コイル１１側から交流電源Ｐ側へ伝搬する反射波とを分離して取り出す波形分離手段である。なお、この方向性結合器１３は、取り出した進行波Ｗ１と反射波Ｗ２（いずれも電気信号）をコントローラ１４へ出力する。  The directional coupler 13 is inserted between the power transmission side switch 12 and the AC power source P, and propagates from the AC power source P side to the power transmission coil 11 side, and propagates from the power transmission coil 11 side to the AC power source P side. Waveform separating means for separating and extracting the reflected wave. The directional coupler 13 outputs the extracted traveling wave W1 and reflected wave W2 (both electrical signals) to the controller 14.

コントローラ１４は、例えばメモリやＣＰＵ、入出力インターフェース等が一体的に組み込まれたマイコンであり、方向性結合器１３から入力される進行波Ｗ１及び反射波Ｗ２に基づいて定在波比ＶＳＷＲを算出し、その算出結果から最も伝送効率の高い状態に送電側スイッチ１２を制御する機能を有している。なお、このコントローラ１４の機能の詳細については後述する。   The controller 14 is a microcomputer in which, for example, a memory, a CPU, an input / output interface, and the like are integrated, and calculates the standing wave ratio VSWR based on the traveling wave W1 and the reflected wave W2 input from the directional coupler 13. And from the calculation result, it has the function to control the power transmission side switch 12 in the state with the highest transmission efficiency. Details of the function of the controller 14 will be described later.

一方、受電回路２は、受電コイル２１、受電側スイッチ２２及び整流回路２３を備えている。受電コイル２１は、送電コイル１１と同様に、螺旋状に巻かれた３つのヘリカルコイル２１ａ、２１ｂ、２１ｃから構成されている。図１に示すように、これらのヘリカルコイル２１ａ、２１ｂ、２１ｃは、球形状に組み付けられて１つの受電コイル２１を構成している。なお、ヘリカルコイル２１ａ、２１ｂ、２１ｃは、互いに電気的に絶縁されている。  On the other hand, the power receiving circuit 2 includes a power receiving coil 21, a power receiving side switch 22, and a rectifier circuit 23. Similarly to the power transmission coil 11, the power reception coil 21 includes three helical coils 21 a, 21 b, and 21 c wound in a spiral shape. As shown in FIG. 1, these helical coils 21 a, 21 b, and 21 c are assembled in a spherical shape to constitute one power receiving coil 21. The helical coils 21a, 21b, 21c are electrically insulated from each other.

受電側スイッチ２２は、ユーザによる手動操作に応じて、受電コイル２１を構成する各ヘリカルコイル２１ａ、２１ｂ、２１ｃの両端と整流回路２３（負荷Ｌの前段回路）の入力端子との電気的な接続または切断の切り替えを行う。
なお、ヘリカルコイル２１ａの両端は、受電コイル２１から引き出されて受電側スイッチ２２の外部端子２２ａに接続されている。ヘリカルコイル２１ｂの両端は、受電コイル２１から引き出されて受電側スイッチ２２の外部端子２２ｂに接続されている。ヘリカルコイル２１ｃの両端は、受電コイル２１から引き出されて受電側スイッチ２２の外部端子２２ｃに接続されている。また、整流回路２３の入力端子は、受電側スイッチ２２の外部端子２２ｄに接続されている。 The power receiving side switch 22 is electrically connected between both ends of each of the helical coils 21a, 21b, and 21c constituting the power receiving coil 21 and the input terminal of the rectifier circuit 23 (the front stage circuit of the load L) according to a manual operation by the user. Or switch the disconnection.
Note that both ends of the helical coil 21 a are drawn from the power receiving coil 21 and connected to the external terminals 22 a of the power receiving side switch 22. Both ends of the helical coil 21 b are drawn from the power receiving coil 21 and connected to the external terminals 22 b of the power receiving side switch 22. Both ends of the helical coil 21 c are drawn from the power receiving coil 21 and connected to the external terminals 22 c of the power receiving side switch 22. The input terminal of the rectifier circuit 23 is connected to the external terminal 22 d of the power receiving side switch 22.

つまり、受電側スイッチ２２は、ヘリカルコイル２１ａの両端と整流回路２３の入力端子とを接続する場合、外部端子２２ａと外部端子２２ｄとを接続状態に切り替える（図１参照）。また、受電側スイッチ２２は、ヘリカルコイル２１ｂの両端と整流回路２３の入力端子とを接続する場合、外部端子２２ｂと外部端子２２ｄとを接続状態に切り替える。また、受電側スイッチ２２は、ヘリカルコイル２１ｃの両端子と整流回路２３の入力端子とを接続する場合、外部端子２２ｃと外部端子２２ｄとを接続状態に切り替える。  That is, when the power receiving side switch 22 connects both ends of the helical coil 21a and the input terminal of the rectifier circuit 23, the power receiving side switch 22 switches the external terminal 22a and the external terminal 22d to a connected state (see FIG. 1). Moreover, the power receiving side switch 22 switches the external terminal 22b and the external terminal 22d to a connection state, when connecting the both ends of the helical coil 21b, and the input terminal of the rectifier circuit 23. FIG. In addition, when the power receiving side switch 22 connects both terminals of the helical coil 21c and the input terminal of the rectifying circuit 23, the power receiving side switch 22 switches the external terminal 22c and the external terminal 22d to a connected state.

整流回路２３は、受電側スイッチ２２を介して受電コイル２１から供給される交流電力を直流電力に変換して負荷Ｌに出力する。   The rectifier circuit 23 converts AC power supplied from the power receiving coil 21 through the power receiving side switch 22 into DC power and outputs the DC power to the load L.

以上のように構成された非接触給電装置Ａにおいて、送電コイル１１と受電コイル２１は、それぞれ不図示のコンデンサとともにＬＣ共振回路を構成している。送電コイル１１の共振周波数と受電コイル２１の共振周波数とが等しくなるように回路定数を設定すれば、送電コイル１１と受電コイル２１との間に磁界共鳴を発生させることができる。   In the non-contact power supply apparatus A configured as described above, the power transmission coil 11 and the power reception coil 21 constitute an LC resonance circuit together with a capacitor (not shown). If circuit constants are set so that the resonance frequency of the power transmission coil 11 and the resonance frequency of the power reception coil 21 are equal, magnetic field resonance can be generated between the power transmission coil 11 and the power reception coil 21.

磁界共鳴が発生すると、交流電源Ｐから供給される交流電力は送電コイル１１によって磁気エネルギに変換されて無線送信され、その磁気エネルギは受電コイル２１によって交流電力に再変換される。受電コイル２１から得られた交流電力は、整流回路２３によって直流電力に変換された後、負荷Ｌに供給されることになる。このように、負荷Ｌに対して、離れた位置に設置された交流電源Ｐから非接触で電力伝送を行うことができる。  When the magnetic field resonance occurs, the AC power supplied from the AC power source P is converted into magnetic energy by the power transmission coil 11 and wirelessly transmitted, and the magnetic energy is converted back to AC power by the power receiving coil 21. The AC power obtained from the power receiving coil 21 is converted into DC power by the rectifier circuit 23 and then supplied to the load L. In this way, electric power can be transmitted to the load L in a non-contact manner from the AC power supply P installed at a distant position.

ここで、本実施形態では、送電コイル１１及び受電コイル２１が、球形状に組み付けられた複数（本実施形態では３つ）のヘリカルコイルから構成されている。前述のように、従来では、送電コイルから受電コイルへの磁界の伝搬方向が一方向のみであったため、送電コイルと受電コイルとの位置関係にズレが生じると電力の伝送効率が低下するという問題があった。これに対して、本実施形態では、複数のヘリカルコイルからなる球形状の送電コイル１１及び受電コイル２１を採用することで、送電コイル１１から受電コイル２１への磁界の伝搬方向が複数存在することになるため、送電コイル１１と受電コイル２１との位置関係に依らずに高効率での非接触給電を実現することができる。   Here, in the present embodiment, the power transmission coil 11 and the power reception coil 21 are composed of a plurality of (three in this embodiment) helical coils assembled in a spherical shape. As described above, conventionally, since the propagation direction of the magnetic field from the power transmission coil to the power reception coil is only one direction, if the positional relationship between the power transmission coil and the power reception coil is shifted, the power transmission efficiency is reduced. was there. On the other hand, in this embodiment, there are a plurality of magnetic field propagation directions from the power transmission coil 11 to the power reception coil 21 by adopting the spherical power transmission coil 11 and the power reception coil 21 formed of a plurality of helical coils. Therefore, highly efficient non-contact power feeding can be realized regardless of the positional relationship between the power transmitting coil 11 and the power receiving coil 21.

ところで、本実施形態では、電力伝送に使用される送電コイル１１側のヘリカルコイルと受電コイル２１側のヘリカルコイルの組み合わせ（以下、この組み合わせを伝送コイルペアと称す）によって電力の伝送効率が異なるため、送電コイル１１と受電コイル２１との位置関係に応じて最も伝送効率が高くなるように伝送コイルペアを決定する必要がある。
本実施形態では、非接触給電装置Ａによる給電開始時において、図２のフローチャートに示す手順に従って最も伝送効率の高い伝送コイルペアを決定し、その伝送コイルペアを使用して非接触給電を行う。 By the way, in this embodiment, since the transmission efficiency of electric power changes with the combination of the helical coil by the side of the power transmission coil 11 used for electric power transmission, and the helical coil by the side of the receiving coil 21 (henceforth this combination is called a transmission coil pair), It is necessary to determine the transmission coil pair so that the transmission efficiency is highest according to the positional relationship between the power transmission coil 11 and the power reception coil 21.
In the present embodiment, at the start of power feeding by the non-contact power feeding device A, a transmission coil pair with the highest transmission efficiency is determined according to the procedure shown in the flowchart of FIG. 2, and the non-contact power feeding is performed using the transmission coil pair.

図２に示すように、まず、受電側スイッチ２２を手動操作して、受電コイル２１のヘリルカルコイル２１ａと負荷Ｌとを接続させる（ステップＳ１）。そして、コントローラ１４は、送電側スイッチ１２を制御して、送電コイル１１のヘリカルコイル１１ａと交流電源Ｐとを接続させる（ステップＳ２）。つまり、この場合、ヘリカルコイル１１ａと２１ａとが伝送コイルペアとなる。  As shown in FIG. 2, first, the power receiving side switch 22 is manually operated to connect the helical coil 21a of the power receiving coil 21 and the load L (step S1). And the controller 14 controls the power transmission side switch 12, and connects the helical coil 11a of the power transmission coil 11, and AC power supply P (step S2). That is, in this case, the helical coils 11a and 21a form a transmission coil pair.

そして、コントローラ１４は、方向性結合器１３から入力される進行波Ｗ１と反射波Ｗ２に基づいて、今回の伝送コイルペアでの定在波比ＶＳＷＲを算出し、その算出結果を内部メモリに保存する（ステップＳ３）。なお、コントローラ１４は、進行波Ｗ１の振幅Ｖ１と反射波Ｗ２の振幅Ｖ２を検出し、これらＶ１、Ｖ２の値と下記（１）式及び（２）式に基づいて定在波比ＶＳＷＲを算出する。
ρ＝Ｖ２／Ｖ１ ・・・（１）
ＶＳＷＲ＝（１＋｜ρ｜）／（１−｜ρ｜） ・・・（２） Then, the controller 14 calculates the standing wave ratio VSWR in the current transmission coil pair based on the traveling wave W1 and the reflected wave W2 input from the directional coupler 13, and stores the calculation result in the internal memory. (Step S3). The controller 14 detects the amplitude V1 of the traveling wave W1 and the amplitude V2 of the reflected wave W2, and calculates the standing wave ratio VSWR based on the values of these V1 and V2 and the following equations (1) and (2). To do.
ρ = V2 / V1 (1)
VSWR = (1+ | ρ |) / (1- | ρ |) (2)

続いて、コントローラ１４は、送電側スイッチ１２を制御して、送電コイル１１のヘリカルコイル１１ｂと交流電源Ｐとを接続させる（ステップＳ４）。つまり、この場合、ヘリカルコイル１１ｂと２１ａとが伝送コイルペアとなる。そして、コントローラ１４は、方向性結合器１３から入力される進行波Ｗ１と反射波Ｗ２に基づいて、今回の伝送コイルペアでの定在波比ＶＳＷＲを算出し、その算出結果を内部メモリに保存する（ステップＳ５）。  Subsequently, the controller 14 controls the power transmission side switch 12 to connect the helical coil 11b of the power transmission coil 11 and the AC power source P (step S4). That is, in this case, the helical coils 11b and 21a form a transmission coil pair. Then, the controller 14 calculates the standing wave ratio VSWR in the current transmission coil pair based on the traveling wave W1 and the reflected wave W2 input from the directional coupler 13, and stores the calculation result in the internal memory. (Step S5).

続いて、コントローラ１４は、送電側スイッチ１２を制御して、送電コイル１１のヘリカルコイル１１ｃと交流電源Ｐとを接続させる（ステップＳ６）。つまり、この場合、ヘリカルコイル１１ｃと２１ａとが伝送コイルペアとなる。そして、コントローラ１４は、方向性結合器１３から入力される進行波Ｗ１と反射波Ｗ２に基づいて、今回の伝送コイルペアでの定在波比ＶＳＷＲを算出し、その算出結果を内部メモリに保存する（ステップＳ７）。  Subsequently, the controller 14 controls the power transmission side switch 12 to connect the helical coil 11c of the power transmission coil 11 and the AC power source P (step S6). That is, in this case, the helical coils 11c and 21a form a transmission coil pair. Then, the controller 14 calculates the standing wave ratio VSWR in the current transmission coil pair based on the traveling wave W1 and the reflected wave W2 input from the directional coupler 13, and stores the calculation result in the internal memory. (Step S7).

次に、受電側スイッチ２２を手動操作して、受電コイル２１のヘリルカルコイル２１ｂと負荷Ｌとを接続させる（ステップＳ８）。そして、コントローラ１４は、送電側スイッチ１２を制御して、送電コイル１１のヘリカルコイル１１ａと交流電源Ｐとを接続させる（ステップＳ９）。つまり、この場合、ヘリカルコイル１１ａと２１ｂとが伝送コイルペアとなる。そして、コントローラ１４は、方向性結合器１３から入力される進行波Ｗ１と反射波Ｗ２に基づいて、今回の伝送コイルペアでの定在波比ＶＳＷＲを算出し、その算出結果を内部メモリに保存する（ステップＳ１０）。  Next, the power receiving side switch 22 is manually operated to connect the helical coil 21b of the power receiving coil 21 and the load L (step S8). And the controller 14 controls the power transmission side switch 12, and connects the helical coil 11a of the power transmission coil 11, and AC power supply P (step S9). That is, in this case, the helical coils 11a and 21b form a transmission coil pair. Then, the controller 14 calculates the standing wave ratio VSWR in the current transmission coil pair based on the traveling wave W1 and the reflected wave W2 input from the directional coupler 13, and stores the calculation result in the internal memory. (Step S10).

続いて、コントローラ１４は、送電側スイッチ１２を制御して、送電コイル１１のヘリカルコイル１１ｂと交流電源Ｐとを接続させる（ステップＳ１１）。つまり、この場合、ヘリカルコイル１１ｂと２１ｂとが伝送コイルペアとなる。そして、コントローラ１４は、方向性結合器１３から入力される進行波Ｗ１と反射波Ｗ２に基づいて、今回の伝送コイルペアでの定在波比ＶＳＷＲを算出し、その算出結果を内部メモリに保存する（ステップＳ１２）。  Subsequently, the controller 14 controls the power transmission side switch 12 to connect the helical coil 11b of the power transmission coil 11 and the AC power source P (step S11). That is, in this case, the helical coils 11b and 21b form a transmission coil pair. Then, the controller 14 calculates the standing wave ratio VSWR in the current transmission coil pair based on the traveling wave W1 and the reflected wave W2 input from the directional coupler 13, and stores the calculation result in the internal memory. (Step S12).

続いて、コントローラ１４は、送電側スイッチ１２を制御して、送電コイル１１のヘリカルコイル１１ｃと交流電源Ｐとを接続させる（ステップＳ１３）。つまり、この場合、ヘリカルコイル１１ｃと２１ｂとが伝送コイルペアとなる。そして、コントローラ１４は、方向性結合器１３から入力される進行波Ｗ１と反射波Ｗ２に基づいて、今回の伝送コイルペアでの定在波比ＶＳＷＲを算出し、その算出結果を内部メモリに保存する（ステップＳ１４）。  Subsequently, the controller 14 controls the power transmission side switch 12 to connect the helical coil 11c of the power transmission coil 11 and the AC power source P (step S13). That is, in this case, the helical coils 11c and 21b form a transmission coil pair. Then, the controller 14 calculates the standing wave ratio VSWR in the current transmission coil pair based on the traveling wave W1 and the reflected wave W2 input from the directional coupler 13, and stores the calculation result in the internal memory. (Step S14).

次に、受電側スイッチ２２を手動操作して、受電コイル２１のヘリルカルコイル２１ｃと負荷Ｌとを接続させる（ステップＳ１５）。そして、コントローラ１４は、送電側スイッチ１２を制御して、送電コイル１１のヘリカルコイル１１ａと交流電源Ｐとを接続させる（ステップＳ１６）。つまり、この場合、ヘリカルコイル１１ａと２１ｃとが伝送コイルペアとなる。そして、コントローラ１４は、方向性結合器１３から入力される進行波Ｗ１と反射波Ｗ２に基づいて、今回の伝送コイルペアでの定在波比ＶＳＷＲを算出し、その算出結果を内部メモリに保存する（ステップＳ１７）。  Next, the power receiving side switch 22 is manually operated to connect the helical coil 21c of the power receiving coil 21 and the load L (step S15). And the controller 14 controls the power transmission side switch 12, and connects the helical coil 11a of the power transmission coil 11, and AC power supply P (step S16). That is, in this case, the helical coils 11a and 21c form a transmission coil pair. Then, the controller 14 calculates the standing wave ratio VSWR in the current transmission coil pair based on the traveling wave W1 and the reflected wave W2 input from the directional coupler 13, and stores the calculation result in the internal memory. (Step S17).

続いて、コントローラ１４は、送電側スイッチ１２を制御して、送電コイル１１のヘリカルコイル１１ｂと交流電源Ｐとを接続させる（ステップＳ１８）。つまり、この場合、ヘリカルコイル１１ｂと２１ｃとが伝送コイルペアとなる。そして、コントローラ１４は、方向性結合器１３から入力される進行波Ｗ１と反射波Ｗ２に基づいて、今回の伝送コイルペアでの定在波比ＶＳＷＲを算出し、その算出結果を内部メモリに保存する（ステップＳ１９）。  Subsequently, the controller 14 controls the power transmission side switch 12 to connect the helical coil 11b of the power transmission coil 11 and the AC power source P (step S18). That is, in this case, the helical coils 11b and 21c form a transmission coil pair. Then, the controller 14 calculates the standing wave ratio VSWR in the current transmission coil pair based on the traveling wave W1 and the reflected wave W2 input from the directional coupler 13, and stores the calculation result in the internal memory. (Step S19).

続いて、コントローラ１４は、送電側スイッチ１２を制御して、送電コイル１１のヘリカルコイル１１ｃと交流電源Ｐとを接続させる（ステップＳ２０）。つまり、この場合、ヘリカルコイル１１ｃと２１ｃとが伝送コイルペアとなる。そして、コントローラ１４は、方向性結合器１３から入力される進行波Ｗ１と反射波Ｗ２に基づいて、今回の伝送コイルペアでの定在波比ＶＳＷＲを算出し、その算出結果を内部メモリに保存する（ステップＳ２１）。  Subsequently, the controller 14 controls the power transmission side switch 12 to connect the helical coil 11c of the power transmission coil 11 and the AC power source P (step S20). That is, in this case, the helical coils 11c and 21c form a transmission coil pair. Then, the controller 14 calculates the standing wave ratio VSWR in the current transmission coil pair based on the traveling wave W1 and the reflected wave W2 input from the directional coupler 13, and stores the calculation result in the internal memory. (Step S21).

最後に、コントローラ１４は、内部メモリに保存した各伝送コイルペアの定在波比ＶＳＷＲに基づいて最も伝送効率の高いペアを割出し、その伝送コイルペアとなるように送電側スイッチ１２を制御する（ステップＳ２２）。この時、受電側スイッチ２２側は手動操作にて切り替える。従って、最も伝送効率の高い伝送コイルペアをユーザに知らせる必要があるため、不図示の表示装置等に最も伝送効率の高い伝送コイルペアを表示させる機能をコントローラ１４に持たせることが望ましい。なお、周知のように、定在波比ＶＳＷＲが低いほど伝送効率は高くなるため、各伝送コイルペアの中から最も定在波比ＶＳＷＲが低いペアを、最も伝送効率の高いペアとして決定すれば良い。  Finally, the controller 14 determines the pair with the highest transmission efficiency based on the standing wave ratio VSWR of each transmission coil pair stored in the internal memory, and controls the power transmission side switch 12 so as to become the transmission coil pair (step). S22). At this time, the power receiving side switch 22 side is switched manually. Therefore, since it is necessary to inform the user of the transmission coil pair with the highest transmission efficiency, it is desirable that the controller 14 has a function of displaying the transmission coil pair with the highest transmission efficiency on a display device (not shown). As is well known, since the transmission efficiency increases as the standing wave ratio VSWR decreases, the pair having the lowest standing wave ratio VSWR out of each transmission coil pair may be determined as the pair having the highest transmission efficiency. .

以上説明したように、本実施形態によれば、複数のヘリカルコイルからなる球形状の送電コイル１１及び受電コイル２１を採用することにより、送電コイル１１から受電コイル２１への磁界の伝搬方向が複数存在することになるため、送電コイル１１と受電コイル２１との位置関係に依らずに高効率での非接触給電を実現することができる。  As described above, according to the present embodiment, by adopting the spherical power transmission coil 11 and the power reception coil 21 formed of a plurality of helical coils, a plurality of magnetic field propagation directions from the power transmission coil 11 to the power reception coil 21 are achieved. Therefore, non-contact power feeding with high efficiency can be realized without depending on the positional relationship between the power transmission coil 11 and the power reception coil 21.

なお、本発明は上記実施形態に限定されず、以下のような変形例が挙げられる。
（１）上記実施形態では、送電コイル１１及び受電コイル２１ともに、３つのヘリカルコイルによって構成した場合を例示したが、図３（ａ）に示すように、３つ以上のヘリカルコイルを球形状に組み付けて構成しても良い。ヘリカルコイル数が多いほど、伝送効率の高い伝送コイルペアを発見しやすくなる。また、送電コイル１１と受電コイル２１の少なくとも一方が、球形状に組み付けられた複数のヘリカルコイルから構成されていれば良い。 In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, The following modifications are mentioned.
(1) In the above embodiment, the power transmission coil 11 and the power receiving coil 21 are both configured by three helical coils. However, as shown in FIG. 3A, three or more helical coils are formed in a spherical shape. It may be assembled and configured. As the number of helical coils increases, it becomes easier to find a transmission coil pair with high transmission efficiency. Moreover, at least one of the power transmission coil 11 and the power reception coil 21 should just be comprised from the some helical coil assembled | attached by the spherical shape.

（２）図３（ｂ）に示すように、送電コイル１１と受電コイル２１の少なくとも一方にコア３１を挿入し、そのコア３１の位置を調整自在とするコア位置調整機構３２を設けても良い。このような構成を採用することにより、送電コイル１１または受電コイル２１のＱ値を調整できるようになるため、より効率の高い非接触給電を実現できる。なお、コア位置調整機構３２は、手動、自動を問わず、公知の技術によって実現できる。 (2) As shown in FIG. 3B, a core position adjustment mechanism 32 may be provided in which the core 31 is inserted into at least one of the power transmission coil 11 and the power reception coil 21, and the position of the core 31 is adjustable. . By adopting such a configuration, the Q value of the power transmission coil 11 or the power reception coil 21 can be adjusted, so that more efficient non-contact power feeding can be realized. The core position adjusting mechanism 32 can be realized by a known technique, whether manually or automatically.

（３）上記実施形態において、送電コイル１１または受電コイル２１の各ヘリカルコイルの巻数やコンデンサの値等を変えておけば、各ヘリカルコイルのそれぞれの共振周波数やＱ値が異なるため、利用する周波数の選択や最適なＱ値の選択による高効率な非接触給電を実現できる。 (3) In the above embodiment, if the number of turns of each helical coil of the power transmission coil 11 or the power reception coil 21, the value of the capacitor, etc. are changed, the resonance frequency and Q value of each helical coil are different, so the frequency to be used High-efficiency non-contact power feeding can be realized by selecting the optimal Q value.

Ａ…非接触給電装置、１…送電回路、２…受電回路、１１…送電コイル、１２…送電側スイッチ、１３…方向性結合器（波形分離手段）、１４…コントローラ（制御手段）、２１…受電コイル、２２…受電側スイッチ、２３…整流回路、３１…コア、３２…コア位置調整機構、Ｐ…交流電源、Ｌ…負荷  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS A ... Non-contact electric power feeder, 1 ... Power transmission circuit, 2 ... Power reception circuit, 11 ... Power transmission coil, 12 ... Power transmission side switch, 13 ... Directional coupler (waveform separation means), 14 ... Controller (control means), 21 ... Receiving coil, 22 ... Receiving side switch, 23 ... Rectifier circuit, 31 ... Core, 32 ... Core position adjusting mechanism, P ... AC power supply, L ... Load

Claims (2)

交流電源から供給される交流電力を磁気エネルギに変換して無線送電する送電コイルと、前記磁気エネルギを交流電力に再変換する受電コイルとを備える非接触給電装置であって、
前記送電コイルと前記受電コイルの両方は、球形状に組み付けられた複数のヘリカルコイルから構成されており、
前記送電コイルを構成する各ヘリカルコイルの両端と前記交流電源の出力端子との電気的な接続または切断の切り替えを行う送電側スイッチと、
前記受電コイルを構成する各ヘリカルコイルの両端と負荷の入力端子との電気的な接続または切断の切り替えを行う受電側スイッチと、
前記交流電源から前記送電側スイッチへ伝搬する進行波と、前記送電側スイッチから前記交流電源へ伝搬する反射波とを分離して取り出す波形分離手段と、
前記送電コイルを構成するヘリカルコイルと前記受電コイルを構成するヘリカルコイルとの組合わせの中から伝送効率の最も高い組合わせを前記進行波及び反射波から算出された定在波比に基づいて割出し、その結果得られた組合わせを使用して非接触給電を行う制御手段と、
を備えることを特徴とする非接触給電装置。 A non-contact power feeding device comprising: a power transmission coil that converts AC power supplied from an AC power source into magnetic energy and wirelessly transmits power; and a power receiving coil that reconverts the magnetic energy into AC power,
Wherein both of the power transmission coil and the power receiving coil is composed of a plurality of helical coils that are assembled to a spherical shape,
A power transmission-side switch that switches between electrical connection or disconnection between both ends of each helical coil constituting the power transmission coil and the output terminal of the AC power source;
A power receiving side switch for switching between electrical connection or disconnection between both ends of each helical coil constituting the power receiving coil and an input terminal of the load;
Waveform separating means for separating and extracting the traveling wave propagating from the AC power source to the power transmission side switch and the reflected wave propagating from the power transmission side switch to the AC power source;
Of the combinations of the helical coil constituting the power transmission coil and the helical coil constituting the power receiving coil, the combination having the highest transmission efficiency is divided based on the standing wave ratio calculated from the traveling wave and the reflected wave. Control means for performing contactless power feeding using the combination obtained as a result,
Non-contact power feeding device, characterized in that it comprises a. 前記送電コイルと前記受電コイルの少なくとも一方にコアを挿入し、そのコア位置を調整自在とするコア位置調整機構を備えることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の非接触給電装置。 The non-contact power feeding apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a core position adjusting mechanism that inserts a core into at least one of the power transmission coil and the power receiving coil and makes the core position adjustable .
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