JP5758110B2 - Methane fermentation pretreatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus used for pretreatment when organic waste such as food waste and fishery processing waste is subjected to methane fermentation.

  Conventionally, when organic waste (biomass raw materials) such as food waste and fishery processing waste is subjected to methane fermentation, solubilization (slurry) to facilitate fermentation of organic waste to improve methane fermentation efficiency Process).

  Moreover, this pretreatment process is performed using the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus, and this methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus includes, for example, a rough crusher, a fine crusher, a sorter, a solubilization tank, a screen (first solid-liquid separation). Means) (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In the pretreatment step, the organic waste is cut in order by a coarse crusher and a fine crusher, and then a large unsuitable fermentation product (a fermentation unsuitable product is identified from the organic waste by a rotary or sieve sorter). Part) is roughly sorted and removed, and the treated organic waste is sent to a solubilization tank. Next, the organic waste is solubilized while being heated in the solubilization tank, and the slurry-like solubilized liquid is passed through the screen, and the unsuitable fermentation contained in the solubilized liquid is captured and removed by this screen. And the solubilized liquid processed with the methane fermentation pre-processing apparatus in this way is supplied to a methane fermentation tank, a methane fermentation process is performed, and methane gas is produced.

Japanese Patent No. 3710938

  On the other hand, organic waste such as kitchen garbage contains unsuitable fermentation materials such as vinyl, plastic, cloth (fiber), disposable chopsticks, shells, bones, seeds, and sand. And in the pretreatment, such unsuitable fermentation materials are removed and solubilized to produce a solubilized liquid (fermentation raw material). In the above conventional methane fermentation pretreatment device, unsuitable fermentation products are roughly sorted by a sorter. In addition, the unsuitable fermentation material is precipitated or floated in the solubilization tank, separated and removed, and further passed through a screen provided between the solubilization tank and the methane fermentation tank. I try to remove it.

  However, in this methane fermentation pretreatment device, if an unsuitable fermentation product is removed with high efficiency by a sorter, a solubilization tank, or a screen, much of the solubilized liquid (fermentation raw material) is separated together with the unsuitable fermentation product. , Solubilized solution is extremely reduced. Conventionally, a large mesh screen of several mm to several tens of mm (for example, about 6 mm to 10 mm) is used, so that sand, shells, egg shells, bone fragments whose corresponding parts become finer up to the solubilization tank. Such a relatively small fermentation inadequate material will pass through the screen.

  And inferior fermentation material is not discharged out of the system in this way, but flows into the methane fermentation tank from the solubilization tank, so that in the methane fermentation tank and subsequent processes (water treatment, etc.) In some cases, mechanical troubles such as accumulation, blockage, and wear of unsuitable fermentation materials may occur in machines such as machines and pumps. Moreover, if it is not discharged | emitted out of a system and a fermentation unsuitable thing accumulates in large quantities in a system, a methane fermentation function will fall.

  In addition, the frequency of suspension of operation increases to perform periodic cleaning of the solubilization tank and elimination of unsuitable fermentation materials from the methane fermenter. Sometimes things could not be removed. In particular, shells, egg shells, and the like are easily accumulated in the system as a calcium content, and are difficult to remove from the system, which is an obstacle to operation.

The methane fermentation pretreatment device of the present invention is a methane fermentation pretreatment device used for pretreatment when subjecting organic waste to methane fermentation, and a solubilization tank for solubilizing the organic waste, A screen of first solid-liquid separation means for removing unsuitable fermentation substances contained in the solubilized liquid by passing a solubilized liquid obtained by solubilizing the organic waste in a solubilizing tank; and the screen Accepting the solubilized liquid after being treated with the liquid cyclone for separating the unsuitable fermentation contained in the solubilized liquid by applying centrifugal force to the solubilized liquid and the unsuitable fermentation separated by the liquid cyclone and a second solid-liquid separation means having a draining device for dehydrating, the water draining device accepts the fermented unsuitable product separated by the hydrocyclone as precipitated unsuitable product concentrate further fermentation unsuitable product Gravity separator for gravity sedimentation and reconcentration, concentrated liquid quantitative discharge device for quantitatively discharging the settleable inappropriate material concentrate from the hydrocyclone to the gravity separator, and fermentation unsuitable material reconcentrated by the gravity separator A non-appropriate substance discharge device that receives the liquid in the pipe and conveys and discharges it with a blade that moves in the pipe; and a discharge port that discharges the liquid component of the sedimentable unsuitable substance concentrate by overflow, and discharges the non-appropriate substance The pipe of the apparatus is arranged with a height difference, and the discharge port of the unsuitable material discharge apparatus is arranged at a position higher than at least the overflow position of the drain port of the drainer, The liquid component discharged from the drain port is returned to the solubilization tank .

In this invention, after removing unsuitable fermentation substances from the solubilized liquid by the screen of the first solid-liquid separation means, unsuitable fermentation substances are removed from the solubilized liquid by the second solid-liquid separation means having a hydrocyclone and drainer. be able to. This removes relatively small unsuitable fermentation materials such as sand, shells, egg shells, bone fragments, etc. that have been refined up to the solubilization tank and passed through the screen by the second solid-liquid separation means. Is possible.
In addition, it is possible to quantitatively supply (discharge) the settled unsuitable substance concentrate from the hydrocyclone to the gravity separator by the concentrated liquid dispenser, and to concentrate the fermentation unsuitable substances in the settled unsuitable substance concentrate by the gravity separator. In addition, it is possible to separate the concentrated unsuitable sediment solution into a liquid component and unsuitable fermentation product, and to transport the unsuitable fermentation material after the dehydration treatment by the unsuitable material discharge device and discharge it from the system. And, for example, if the liquid component of the settled inappropriate material concentrated liquid separated and discharged by overflowing from the gravity separator is returned to the solubilization tank, the solubilized liquid is further removed while removing the inappropriate fermentation material with high efficiency. Can be suppressed. Moreover, by processing with the drainer configured as described above, it is possible to reliably reduce the volume of unsuitable fermentation materials and facilitate disposal thereof.

  Further, in the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus of the present invention, the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus includes a resolubilization tank that receives and solubilizes the solubilized liquid separated by the hydrocyclone, and a part of the solubilized liquid from the resolubilized tank. It is desirable to be configured to return to the solubilization tank.

  In this invention, the solubilized liquid separated by the liquid cyclone of the second solid-liquid separation means is sent to the resolubilization tank, and a part of the solubilized liquid is returned from the resolubilization tank to the solubilization tank for circulation. . And by this circulation, the unsuitable fermentation material contained in the solubilized liquid can be repeatedly removed, and the removal efficiency of the unsuitable fermentation product can be increased. Further, the solubilization liquid (fermentation raw material) can be further solubilized in the resolubilization tank, and the solubilization liquid is returned to the solubilization tank by a pump and circulated through the solubilization liquid. Can be promoted.

  Moreover, since the solubilized liquid after processing by the second solid-liquid separation means is returned from the resolubilization tank to the solubilization tank, the screen of the first solid-liquid separation means from the solubilization tank, and further the second solid-liquid separation. The apparent fermentation unsuitable substance concentration of the solubilized liquid sent to the liquid cyclone of the means can be reduced, the fluidity of the solubilized liquid can be improved, and the removal of the unsuitable fermentation substance can be facilitated. it can. Furthermore, by returning the solubilized liquid after the treatment by the second solid-liquid separation means from the resolubilization tank to the solubilization tank, the capacity of the solubilization tank can be minimized. It is possible to reduce the risk of trouble due to scum surfacing and sedimentation.

  Furthermore, in the pretreatment apparatus for methane fermentation according to the present invention, the unsuitable fermentation material removed by the screen of the first solid-liquid separation means and the unsuitable fermentation material removed by the second solid-liquid separation means are received and dehydrated. It is more desirable to have a dehydrator.

  In this invention, the sedimentation-fermented unsuitable material removed by the second solid-liquid separation means and the floating and sedimentation-suitable fermentation material removed by the screen of the first solid-liquid separation means are dehydrated by a dehydrator. Thus, the solubilized liquid (fermentation raw material) contained in these unsuitable fermentation materials can be separated and returned to the solubilization tank. Thereby, it becomes possible to suppress the decrease in the solubilized liquid while removing unsuitable fermentation materials with high efficiency. Further, it is possible to reduce the volume of the unsuitable fermentation by removing moisture from the unsuitable fermentation, and it is possible to facilitate the disposal thereof.

  Further, in the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus of the present invention, a crushing pump is provided between the solubilization tank and the screen, and the screen is obtained by crushing the solubilized liquid from the solubilization tank by driving the crushing pump. It is further preferable that a part of the solubilized liquid is sent from the crushing pump to the solubilization tank or from the screen to the solubilization tank.

  In this invention, the solubilization liquid is sent from the solubilization tank to the screen while being crushed by the crushing pump, so that the solubilization of the solubilization liquid can be promoted, and the unsuitable fermentation material contained in the solubilization liquid The removal efficiency can be increased. In addition, by returning a part of the solubilizing liquid from the crushing pump to the solubilizing tank or from the screen to the solubilizing tank, the solubilization of the solubilizing liquid can be surely promoted, It becomes possible to raise the removal efficiency of the unsuitable fermentation contained.

  Furthermore, in the methane fermentation pretreatment device of the present invention, the solubilization tank receives the organic waste and solubilizes the organic waste, and the solubilization unit solubilizes the organic waste. A crushing pump that sucks the solubilized liquid in the solubilized part by driving and returns the solubilized liquid to the solubilized part while being crushed. May be provided.

  In the present invention, the organic waste is solubilized by the solubilizing part of the solubilizing tank, and the solubilized liquid is overflowed from the solubilizing part to the adjusting part, thereby causing a sedimentation inappropriate fermentation product (partial fermentation). The solubilized liquid from which the unsettled fermentation unsuitable material has been removed is temporarily stored in the adjusting section, and the solubilized liquid from which the precipitable fermentation unsuitable material has been removed is screened from the adjusting section. Can be sent to. And, it is possible to perform the solubilization process stably while keeping the residence time contributing to the solubilization constant by configuring the solubilization liquid to overflow from the solubilization part to the adjustment part in this way. . Moreover, it becomes possible to raise the removal efficiency of a fermentation unsuitable thing.

  Furthermore, by driving the crushing pump, the solubilized liquid in the solubilized part is sucked, returned to the solubilized part and circulated while crushing, so that the solubilization of the solubilized liquid can be promoted and reliably In addition, it is possible to stably perform the solubilization process while keeping the residence time contributing to the solubilization constant.

  Furthermore, in the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus of the present invention, a brush for conveying the unsuitable material in the pipe while being lifted up may be attached to the blade of the unsuitable material discharge device.

  In this invention, when it is difficult to lift and convey unsuitable fermentation material in the pipe with the blade alone, by attaching a brush to the blade, the unsuitable fermentation material can be lifted up and transported reliably. It becomes possible to discharge inappropriate materials.

  In the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus of the present invention, the second solid-liquid separation means removes relatively small unsuitable fermentation materials such as sand, shells, egg shells, bone fragments, etc. Can be removed from the lysate.

  Thereby, the solubilized liquid (fermentation raw material) of the suitable state which removed the fermentation unsuitable thing can be supplied to a methane fermentation tank, and in a methane fermentation tank and the process after it, in a tank, piping, a stirrer, a pump It is possible to prevent mechanical troubles such as accumulation, blockage, and wear of unsuitable fermentation materials. Moreover, since it is not discharged | emitted out of a system and a fermentation unsuitable thing does not accumulate in a system in large quantities, compared with the past, it becomes possible to improve a methane fermentation function and to improve the manufacture yield of methane gas. Furthermore, it is possible to reduce the frequency of stopping the operation in order to perform periodic cleaning of the solubilization tank and elimination of inappropriate fermentation materials from the methane fermentation tank.

It is a block diagram which shows the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the 2nd solid-liquid separation means of the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the modification of the pipe conveyor (draining device) of the 2nd solid-liquid separation means of the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a sectional side view which shows the modification of the pipe conveyor (draining device) of the 2nd solid-liquid separation means of the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view which shows the brush attached to the braid | blade of a pipe conveyor (draining device). It is a figure which shows the modification of the pipe conveyor (draining device) of the 2nd solid-liquid separation means of the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the modification of the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the modification of the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the modification of the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the modification of the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. Here, this embodiment is related with the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus used for the pretreatment at the time of carrying out the methane fermentation process of organic wastes (biomass raw materials), such as garbage and fishery processing waste.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus A of the present embodiment includes an acceptance hopper 1 that receives an organic waste (hereinafter referred to as waste) S1, a crusher 2 (2a, 2b), and a sorter. 3, solubilization tank 4, first solid-liquid separation means 5, dehydrator 6, and second solid-liquid separation means 7.

  The crusher 2 is for crushing the waste S1 supplied from the receiving hopper 1, and in this embodiment, the crusher 2 is configured to perform two-stage crushing with the coarse crusher 2a and the fine crusher 2b. Yes. For example, in the coarse crusher 2a, the particle size after crushing is set to 200 mm or less, and in the fine crusher 2b for further crushing thereafter, the particle size after crushing is set to 50 mm or less.

  Here, since the types of the waste S1 are various, the crusher 2 is not necessarily limited as in the present embodiment, and depending on the form of the waste S1 to be brought in, the number, type, What is necessary is just to select a combination etc. suitably. For example, when a large amount of large solid garbage is included, it is preferable to use a biaxial crushing means or a hammer crushing means as the coarse crusher 2a and a biaxial crushing means as the fine crusher 2b. Moreover, in the case of garbage with a small amount of fiber, it is preferable to use, for example, compression crushing means. In the case of garbage with little moisture, for example, it is preferable to use a pulper means.

  The sorter 3 is, for example, a rotary drum type or a sieve type sorter, and roughly sorts large unsuitable fermentation substances (coarse unsuitable substances) such as vinyl mixed in the waste S2 crushed by the crusher 2. .

  The solubilization tank 4 is solubilized (slurried) so that the waste S3 after the rough sorting process by the sorter 3 and removing some unsuitable fermented materials has a predetermined moisture content of, for example, 85% or more. ). The solubilization tank 4 is solubilized by stirring the waste S3 sent from the sorter 3 while being heated by the heating device 8 to generate a solubilized liquid (fermentation raw material) S4. Has been. Further, the heating device 8 is configured, for example, to heat the waste S3 by blowing steam or to heat the circulated waste S3 by heat exchange. And in this embodiment, it heats so that it may become about 40 degreeC with such a heating apparatus 8, so that waste S3 may be solubilized, and solubilized liquid S4 may be produced | generated.

  The first solid-liquid separation means 5 is for removing fermentation unsuitable substances such as relatively large vinyl remaining in the solubilized liquid S4. And in this embodiment, this 1st solid-liquid separation means 5 is made into the screen whose opening is about 1-20 mm, for example, Preferably it is about 10-12 mm, and the solubilization liquid is supplied from the solubilization tank 4 with the drive of the pump 9. By feeding S4 and passing it, a part of the unsuitable fermentation in the solubilized liquid S4 is captured and removed.

  As the screen 5, for example, a drum screen, a sieve, or the like can be used. Further, examples of the screen portion of the screen 5 through which the solubilizing solution S4 passes include, for example, a woven wire mesh (a metal mesh woven with a metal wire), a punching metal (a screen formed by drilling holes in a metal-based material. ), A wedge wire (a screen having a cross section of an inverted triangle, and deformed lines arranged at equal intervals to form eyes (slits)) or the like may be used.

  The dehydrator 6 is provided to receive the unsuitable fermentation material captured and removed by the screen 5 and to dehydrate the unsuitable fermentation product. In the present embodiment, the solubilized liquid S5 obtained by the dehydrating process by the dehydrator 6 is returned to the solubilization tank 4.

  The second solid-liquid separation means 7 is relatively small inferior fermentation material such as sand, shells, egg shells, bone fragments, etc., which are refined up to the solubilization tank 4 and pass through the screen of the first solid-liquid separation means 5. It is for removing. And in this embodiment, this 2nd solid-liquid separation means 7 is comprised including the liquid cyclone 10 and the draining device 27, as shown to FIG.1 and FIG.2 (a). The draining device 27 includes a rotary valve (concentrated liquid dispensing device) 12, a draining tank (gravity separation device) 13, and a pipe conveyor (unsuitable material discharging device) 11.

  The hydrocyclone 10 passes through the screen 5, receives the solubilized liquid S6 along with the drive of the pump 36, and acts on the centrifugal force, so that the solubilized liquid S7 and unsuitable fermentation contained in the solubilized liquid S7 Isolate.

  Then, the second solid-liquid separation means 7 is a rotary valve 12 of the drainer 27 in which a sedimentation inappropriate material concentrate containing a sedimentation fermentation inappropriate material separated by the liquid cyclone 10 is installed at the lower part of the liquid cyclone 10. In addition, it is configured to be discharged to the pipe conveyor 11 through the draining tank 13. That is, the draining device 27 is connected to the liquid cyclone 10 and the rotary valve 12 in a sealed state, and is temporarily released to the atmosphere in the drain tank 13 below the rotary valve 12 and discharged from the lower part of the liquid cyclone 10. The concentrated liquid is supplied to the drain tank 13. Further, the draining tank 13 and the pipe conveyor 11 are connected again in a sealed state, and the pipe conveyor 11 is configured to receive the concentrated sedimentation-improper substance concentrate received in the draining tank 13 by the pipe conveyor 11. Further, the drain tank 13 is provided with a drain port 21 for discharging the liquid by overflow.

  2A and 2B, the pipe conveyor 11 includes a cylindrical pipe 15, a plurality of blades 16, a traction body 17, a driving device 18, and a discharge port 20. It is configured. The pipe 15 is arranged with a height difference, and the discharge port 20 is disposed at a position higher than at least the overflow position of the drain port 21 of the draining tank 13. The plurality of blades 16 are formed with through-holes and connected to the inside of the pipe 15 by being connected by the towing body 17. The driving body 18 pulls the towing body 17 and drives the inside of the pipe 15. It is provided to move.

  Next, a method for pretreating organic waste (biomass raw material) S1 using the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus A of the present embodiment having the above-described configuration will be described, and the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus A of the present embodiment. The operation and effect of will be described.

  First, waste S1 such as garbage is put into the receiving hopper 1, and the waste S1 is sequentially crushed by the coarse crusher 2a and the fine crusher 2b. Then, the waste S2 crushed so as to have a predetermined particle size or less is sent to the sorter 3, and this sorter 3 roughly sorts large unsuitable fermentation materials such as vinyl mixed in the waste S2, Waste S3 from which unsuitable substances have been removed is sent to solubilization tank 4.

  Next, in the solubilization tank 4, the waste S <b> 3 is solubilized by being stirred with heating by the heating device 8, thereby generating a solubilized liquid S <b> 4. In addition, the pump 9 is driven to send the solubilized liquid S4 from the solubilization tank 4 to the screen 5 and pass through the screen 5, thereby capturing and removing relatively unsuitable fermentation substances such as vinyl contained in the solubilized liquid S4. To do. At this time, the unsuitable fermentation material captured by the screen 5 is dehydrated by the dehydrator 6, and the solubilized liquid S5 obtained by this dehydration process is returned to the solubilization tank 4. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the solubilization liquid S5 of the fermentation raw material from being returned to the system and the solubilization liquid S7 from decreasing. Incidentally, the solubilized liquid has a viscosity of several thousand cp at a low concentration and tens of thousands of cp at a high concentration.

  On the other hand, in the solubilized liquid S6 that has passed through the screen 5, relatively small unsuitable fermentation materials such as sand, shells, egg shells, bone fragments, etc., whose parts have become finer up to the solubilization tank 4 are captured by the screen 5. It remains without.

  On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the solubilized liquid S6 containing such unsuitable fermentation material is sent to the liquid cyclone 10 of the second solid-liquid separation means 7 by driving the pump 36. And solubilization liquid S7 and the comparatively small unsuitable fermentation thing contained in this solubilization liquid S7 are isolate | separated. The separated unsuitable fermentation material is discharged to the draining tank 13 through the rotary valve 12 as a concentrated unsuitable material concentrate. The concentrated unsuitable sedimentable solution once released to the atmosphere in the draining tank 13 is further gravity settled in the drained tank 13 and re-concentrated, and the liquid containing no unsuitable fermentation material is drained from the drain 21 and re-concentrated. The unsuitable fermentation material is discharged from the lower part of the draining tank 13 to the pipe conveyor 11. In this pipe conveyor 11, when the towing body 17 is pulled by driving the driving device 18 and the blade 16 moves in the pipe 15, the unsuitable fermentation material contained in the settleable unsuitable material concentrate is transferred to the discharge port 20. Discharged. Moreover, the liquid component (solubilization liquid S8) of the sedimentation inappropriate material concentrate discharged | emitted from the drain outlet 21 of the draining tank 13 is returned to the solubilization tank 4 in this embodiment. As a result, the solubilizing solution S8 of the fermentation raw material is returned to the system, and the decrease in the solubilizing solution S7 can be suppressed.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 6, the brush 16 is configured by attaching one or more brushes 19 to the surface of the blade 16, and scrapes unsuitable fermentation materials in the pipe 15 of the pipe conveyor 11 with the brush 19 efficiently and reliably. It may be fried and transported. At this time, for example, the brush 19 is preferably configured to include a cylindrical attachment portion 22 and a capturing portion 23 formed of a wire brush integrally attached to a side surface of the attachment portion 22. Moreover, it is preferable that the capturing part 23 is inscribed in the inner surface of the pipe 15 and is formed by providing a notch 24 at a position where the traction body 17 is disposed. The brush 19 thus configured is attached to the blade 16 by inserting a bolt 25 through a through hole provided in the blade 16 and an inner hole of the attachment portion 22 and fixing the bolt 25 with a nut 26. At this time, the tow body 17 is arranged in the cut portion 24 of the capturing part 23 so that the tow body 17 and the capturing part 23 do not interfere with each other. In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, you may comprise the pipe conveyor 11 by providing the fan-shaped capture part 23 in the side surface of the attaching part 22. As shown in FIG.

  On the other hand, the solubilized liquid S7 processed by the hydrocyclone 10 is sent to a methane fermentation tank (methane fermentation process), and methane fermentation (production of methane gas (biofuel)) is performed using the solubilized liquid S7 as a fermentation raw material. Is called.

  For this reason, the solubilized liquid S7 in a suitable state from which unsuitable fermentation materials have been removed will be supplied to the methane fermentation tank. In the methane fermentation tank and subsequent processes, the inside of the tank, piping, agitator, pump, etc. Mechanical troubles such as accumulation, clogging and wear of unsuitable fermentation materials do not occur on the equipment.

  Therefore, in the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus A of this embodiment, after removing unsuitable fermentation material from the solubilized liquid S4 by the screen of the first solid-liquid separation means 5, the first apparatus having the liquid cyclone 10 and the draining apparatuses 11, 13 is provided. The two-liquid separation means 7 can remove unsuitable fermentation materials from the solubilized solution S6. Thereby, the second solid-liquid separation means 7 makes the solubilized liquid S6 to remove relatively small unsuitable substances such as sand, shells, egg shells, bone fragments, etc., which are refined up to the solubilization tank 4 and pass through the screen 5. It becomes possible to remove from.

  Therefore, according to the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus A of the present embodiment, the solubilized liquid (fermentation raw material) S7 in a suitable state from which unsuitable fermentation materials have been removed can be supplied to the methane fermentation tank. In subsequent processes, it is possible to prevent mechanical troubles such as accumulation, clogging, and abrasion from occurring in the tank, piping, agitator, pump and other devices. Moreover, since it is not discharged | emitted out of a system and a fermentation unsuitable thing does not accumulate in a system in large quantities, compared with the past, it becomes possible to improve a methane fermentation function and to improve the manufacture yield of methane gas. Furthermore, it becomes possible to reduce the frequency of stopping the operation in order to perform periodic cleaning of the solubilization tank 4 and elimination of fermentation inappropriate substances from the methane fermentation tank.

  Further, in the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus A of the present embodiment, the draining device 27 includes a draining tank (gravity separation device) 13, a rotary valve (concentrated liquid quantitative discharging device) 12, and a pipe conveyor (unsuitable material discharging device) 11. And is configured. As a result, the rotary valve 12 can quantitatively supply (discharge) the sedimentation inappropriate material concentrate to the draining tank 13 from the hydrocyclone 10, and the drainage tank 13 concentrates the fermentation inappropriate material in the sedimentation inappropriate material concentrate. In addition, it is possible to separate the sedimentation-improper substance concentrate into liquid components and fermentation-improper substances. Moreover, the unsuitable fermentation material after a dehydration process can be conveyed with the pipe conveyor 11, and it can discharge | emit from the inside of a system. Then, by returning the liquid component of the sedimentation inappropriate material concentrated liquid overflowed from the draining tank 13 and discharged to the solubilization tank 4, the decrease in the solubilized liquid is further suppressed while removing the fermentation inappropriate material with high efficiency. It becomes possible. Moreover, by processing with the draining device 27 configured as described above, it is possible to reliably reduce the volume of unsuitable fermentation materials and facilitate the disposal thereof.

  Further, by attaching a brush 19 for conveying the unsuitable fermentation material in the pipe 15 to the blade 16 of the pipe conveyor 11, the unsuitable fermentation material in the pipe 15 is difficult to be lifted and conveyed by the blade 16 alone. In such a case, the unsuitable fermentation material can be lifted and transported reliably, and the unsuitable fermentation product can be suitably discharged.

  As mentioned above, although 1st Embodiment of the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus concerning this invention was described, this invention is not limited to said 1st Embodiment, It can change suitably in the range which does not deviate from the meaning. .

  For example, in the present embodiment, the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus A includes the receiving hopper 1, the crusher 2, the sorter 3, the solubilization tank 4, the first solid-liquid separation means 5, the dehydrator 6, and the second solid-liquid separation means 7. However, in the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus according to the present invention, at least the solubilization tank 4, the first solid-liquid separation means 5, and the second solid-liquid separation means 7 are provided. As long as the components 4, 5, and 7 are provided, the operational effects of the present embodiment can be obtained.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 7, the resolubilization tank 30 which receives the solubilization liquid S7 isolate | separated with the liquid cyclone 10 of the 2nd solid-liquid separation means 7 is provided, and some solubilization liquid S9 is provided from the resolubilization tank 30. May be returned to the solubilization tank 4 by the pump 31. In this case, in addition to the effects of the present embodiment, a part of the solubilized liquid S9 is returned from the resolubilization tank 30 to the solubilization tank 4 and circulated, thereby repeating the removal of unsuitable fermentation materials by circulation. It becomes possible to do. For this reason, it becomes possible to raise the removal efficiency of a fermentation unsuitable thing.

  Further, the solubilization liquid S7 separated by the hydrocyclone 10 is sent to the resolubilization tank 30, and the solubilization liquid S7 in the resolubilization tank 30 is heated by the heating device 32, so that further solubilization can be promoted. it can. Further, the solubilization liquid S7 can be further solubilized in the resolubilization tank 30 as described above, and the solubilization liquid S9 is circulated by returning it from the resolubilization tank 30 to the solubilization tank 4 by a pump 31 or the like. It is possible to promote solubilization also by making it.

  In addition, since the solubilized liquid S7 that has been subjected to the treatment for removing unsuitable fermentation by the second solid-liquid separation means 7 is returned from the resolubilization tank 30 to the solubilization tank 4, the solubilization tank 4 to the screen 5, the second It is possible to reduce the apparent unsuitable concentration of the solubilizing liquids S4 and S6 sent to the liquid cyclone 10 of the solid-liquid separating means 7, and to improve the fluidity of the solubilizing liquids S4 and S6. Thereby, removal of unsuitable fermentation can be facilitated. Furthermore, the capacity of the solubilization tank 4 is minimized by returning the solubilized liquid S7, which has been subjected to the treatment for removing unsuitable fermentation by the second solid-liquid separation means 7, from the resolubilization tank 30 to the solubilization tank 4. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the risk of trouble due to scum levitation and precipitation in the solubilization tank 4.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the unsuitable fermentation material removed by the screen of the first solid-liquid separation means 5 and the unsuitable fermentation material removed by the second solid-liquid separation means 7 are received and dehydrated by the dehydrator 6. May be applied. In this case, the sedimentation-fermented unsuitable material removed by the second solid-liquid separation means 7 and the levitating and sedimentation-suitable fermentation material removed by the screen of the first solid-liquid separation means 5 are removed by the dehydrator 6. By performing the dehydration treatment, the solubilized liquid (fermentation raw material) S5 contained in these unsuitable fermentation materials can be returned to the solubilization tank 4. Thereby, it becomes possible to suppress the decrease in the solubilized liquid S7 while removing unsuitable fermentation materials with high efficiency. In addition, it is possible to reduce the volume of unsuitable fermentation materials and facilitate disposal thereof.

  Next, a methane fermentation pretreatment device according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As in the first embodiment, the present embodiment relates to a methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus used for pretreatment when organic waste (biomass raw material) such as garbage and fishery processing waste is subjected to methane fermentation. For this reason, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the structure similar to 1st Embodiment, and the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus B of the present embodiment, like the first embodiment, receives an organic waste (hereinafter referred to as waste) S1, a crusher 2, The sorting machine 3, the solubilization tank 4, the first solid-liquid separation means 5, the dehydrator 6, and the second solid-liquid separation means 7 are provided.

  On the other hand, the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus A of the present embodiment includes a crushing pump 33 between the solubilization tank 4 and the screen of the first solid-liquid separation means 5, and drives the crushing pump 33 from the solubilization tank 4. The solubilizing liquid S4 is crushed and sent to the screen 5, while a part of the solubilizing liquid S6 is returned from the screen 5 to the solubilizing tank 4. The crushing pump 33 is a pump provided with a crushing mechanism, for example, a spiral pump provided with a cutting blade and a fixed blade before the impeller. And it is comprised so that the fermentation unsuitable thing in solubilization liquid S4 can be crushed (cut) while pumping solubilization liquid S4 by a drive.

  In the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus B of the present embodiment configured as described above, the solubilized liquid S4 is sent from the solubilization tank 4 to the screen 5 while being crushed by the crushing pump 33 in addition to the effects of the first embodiment. Thereby, solubilization of solubilization liquid (fermentation raw material) S4 can be promoted.

  Further, the solubilized liquid S4 sent to the screen 5 by the driving of the crushing pump 33 is sent to the liquid cyclone 10 of the second solid-liquid separation means 7 for processing as in the first embodiment, and a part thereof. Is returned from the screen 5 to the solubilization tank 4 by the pumping force of the crushing pump 33. Thus, the solubilizing liquids S4 and S6 are circulated from the solubilizing tank 4 to the crushing pump 33, from the crushing pump 33 to the screen 5, and from the screen 5 to the solubilizing tank 4.

  As the solubilizing liquids S4 and S6 circulate in this manner, the solubilization of the solubilizing liquids S4 and S6 can be surely promoted by the solubilizing tank 4 and the crushing pump 33. Moreover, it becomes possible to raise the removal efficiency which removes the fermentation unsuitable substance contained in solubilization liquid S4, S6 by solubilization tank 4 or screen 5 by circulating solubilization liquid S4, S6.

  As mentioned above, although 2nd Embodiment of the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus which concerns on this invention was described, this invention is not limited to said 2nd Embodiment, The meaning is included including the example of a change of 1st Embodiment. As long as it does not deviate from the above, it can be appropriately changed.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 10, a crushing pump 33 is provided between the solubilization tank 4 and the screen 5, and the solubilizing liquid S4 is crushed by driving the crushing pump 33 from the solubilization tank 4 and sent to the screen 5. A part of the solubilizing solution S4 may be returned from the crushing pump 33 to the solubilizing tank 4. Also in this case, as in the present embodiment, the solubilization liquid S4 can be promoted solubilization by sending the solubilization liquid S4 from the solubilization tank 4 to the screen 5 while being crushed by the crushing pump 33. In addition, it becomes possible to increase the removal efficiency of unsuitable fermentation contained in the solubilizing solution S4. Further, by returning a part of the solubilizing liquid S4 from the crushing pump 33 to the solubilizing tank 4, the solubilization of the solubilizing liquid S4 can be surely promoted and included in the solubilizing liquid S4. It becomes possible to increase the removal efficiency of unsuitable fermentation materials.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 11, the solubilizing part 34 that receives and solubilizes the waste S3 after sorting by the sorter 3, and the adjusting part 35 that receives the solubilized liquid S9 overflowed from the solubilizing part 34, The solubilization tank 4 may be configured. In addition, a crushing pump 33 that sucks the solubilized liquid S9 in the solubilizing unit 34 by the driving, crushes it, and returns it to the solubilizing unit 34 may be provided.

  In this case, the waste S3 is solubilized by the solubilization part 34 of the solubilization tank 4, and the solubilization liquid S9 is overflowed from the solubilization part 34 to the adjustment part 35, so It is possible to temporarily store the solubilized liquid S9 from which the sediment (partial fermentation inadequate) is retained in the solubilization unit 34 and from which the sedimentation inappropriate fermentation product has been removed, from the adjustment unit 35 to the screen. 5 can be sent. In this way, the solubilization liquid S9 is configured to overflow from the solubilization unit 34 to the adjustment unit 35, thereby making it possible to stably perform the solubilization process while keeping the residence time contributing to the solubilization constant. At the same time, it becomes possible to increase the efficiency of removing unsuitable fermentation.

  In addition, the solubilization liquid S9 in the solubilization section 34 is sucked by the crushing pump 33, crushed, returned to the solubilization section 34 and circulated, so that the solubilization can be promoted and surely. Thus, it is possible to stably perform the solubilization treatment while keeping the residence time contributing to the solubilization constant.

1 Accepting hopper 2 Crusher 2a Coarse crusher 2b Fine crusher 3 Sorter 4 Solubilization tank 5 First solid-liquid separation means (screen)
6 Dehydrator 7 Second solid-liquid separation means 8 Heating device 9 Pump 10 Hydrocyclone 11 Pipe conveyor (unsuitable material discharge device)
12 Rotary valve (Concentrated liquid dispensing device)
13 Draining tank (gravity separator)
15 Pipe 16 Blade 17 Traction body 18 Drive device 19 Brush 20 Discharge port 21 Drain port 22 Mounting portion 23 Capturing portion 24 Notch 25 Bolt 26 Nut 27 Drainage device 30 Resolubilization tank 31 Pump 32 Heating device 33 Crushing pump 34 Solubilization Unit 35 Adjustment unit 36 Pump A Methane fermentation pretreatment device B Methane fermentation pretreatment device

Claims (6)

A methane fermentation pretreatment device used for pretreatment when organic waste is subjected to methane fermentation,
A solubilization tank for solubilizing the organic waste,
A screen of first solid-liquid separation means for removing unsuitable fermentation substances contained in the solubilized liquid by passing a solubilized liquid obtained by solubilizing the organic waste in the solubilizing tank;
A liquid cyclone that receives the solubilized liquid after the treatment with the screen and applies centrifugal force to the solubilized liquid to separate unsuitable fermentation contained in the solubilized liquid, and the unsuitable fermentation separated by the liquid cyclone. A second solid-liquid separation means having a drainer for receiving and dewatering ,
The drainer is
Gravity separation device that accepts fermentation unsuitable substances separated by the liquid cyclone as a sedimentable unsuitable substance concentrate, and further gravity-precipitates the fermentation unsuitable substances to re-concentrate;
A concentrated liquid quantitative discharge device for quantitatively discharging the settleable inappropriate material concentrated liquid from the liquid cyclone to the gravity separation device;
Inappropriate matter discharge device that accepts unsuitable fermentation material reconcentrated in the gravity separator into a pipe, and transports and discharges it by a blade moving in the pipe;
A drainage outlet for discharging the liquid component of the sedimentation inappropriate material concentrate by overflow,
The pipe of the inappropriate material discharge device is arranged with a height difference, and the discharge port of the inappropriate material discharge device is disposed at a position higher than at least the overflow position of the drain port of the drainer,
The methane fermentation pretreatment device , wherein the liquid component discharged from the drain port of the drainer is returned to the solubilization tank . In the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus according to claim 1,
A resolubilization tank that receives and solubilizes the solubilized liquid separated by the hydrocyclone is provided, and a part of the solubilized liquid is returned from the resolubilization tank to the solubilization tank. A methane fermentation pretreatment device characterized by that. In the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus according to claim 1 or 2,
A methane fermentation comprising a dehydrator for receiving and dehydrating an unsuitable fermentation product removed by the screen of the first solid-liquid separation unit and an unsuitable fermentation product removed by the second solid-liquid separation unit. Pre-processing device. In the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A crushing pump is provided between the solubilization tank and the screen,
By driving the crushing pump, the solubilized liquid is sent from the solubilization tank to the screen while crushing, and a part of the solubilized liquid is transferred from the crushing pump to the solubilization tank or from the screen. It is comprised so that it may return to a solubilization tank. In the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The solubilization tank allows the organic waste to be received and solubilized, and the solubilized liquid obtained by solubilizing the organic waste by the solubilization unit to overflow from the solubilization unit. And an adjustment section for receiving the
An apparatus for pretreatment of methane fermentation, comprising a crushing pump that sucks the solubilized liquid in the solubilized part by driving and returns it to the solubilized part while crushing. In the methane fermentation pretreatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5 ,
A methane fermentation pretreatment device, wherein a brush for transporting an unsuitable fermentation material in the pipe while being lifted is attached to a blade of the unsuitable product discharge device.

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