JP5716210B2 - Wind power generator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wind turbine generator provided with a horizontal axis type windmill device.

  As a wind power generator for converting wind power into electric power, a wind turbine device of a horizontal axis type provided at the upper end of a tower is widely used. A horizontal axis type wind turbine device has, for example, one or two or more blades and includes a wind turbine that rotates around a horizontal axis. A wind turbine generator having such a wind turbine device receives wind power. Then, the blade generates torque, and the generator is driven by the rotation of the windmill.

  By the way, when a windmill receives wind force and generates torque, on the leeward side of the windmill, the air flow flows so as to rotate to the opposite side of the windmill. Therefore, another windmill (windwind on the leeward side) that rotates in the opposite direction to this windmill is arranged on the leeward side of the windmill on the windward side, and torque is efficiently generated from the air flow on the leeward side of the windmill on the windward side For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a wind turbine generator that is configured to perform the above.

  However, in the wind turbine generator described in Patent Document 1, since the windward windmill and the leeward windmill are provided at both ends of the nacelle, the distance between the windward windmill and the leeward windmill is large. The energy of the rotating air flow generated downstream of the upper windmill cannot be sufficiently transmitted to the leeward windmill.

  In this regard, in the wind turbine generator described in Patent Document 2, since the windmill on the windward side and the windmill on the leeward side are arranged close to each other, the energy of the airflow can be efficiently transmitted to the generator. It becomes possible.

JP-A-2005-194918 JP 54-19036 A

  However, in the wind turbine generator described in Patent Document 2, the generator is located in the direction in which the horizontal rotating shaft of the wind turbine on the windward side is extended and disposed in the wind turbine device, so that a large generator is used. Is difficult. Therefore, although a high torque can be generated by the windmill on the windward side and the windmill on the leeward side, a sufficient power generation amount cannot be ensured.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a wind turbine generator equipped with a horizontal axis wind turbine device that can generate power efficiently.

  In order to achieve this object, a wind turbine generator according to the present invention is a wind turbine generator in which a wind turbine device is arranged at the upper end of a tower, and a generator is driven (rotated) by the wind turbine device to generate power. The apparatus includes a first windmill rotor mechanism and a second windmill rotor mechanism, and the first windmill rotor mechanism includes a first rotating shaft extending in a horizontal direction and a tip of the first rotating shaft. A first windmill attached to the side, and the second windmill rotor mechanism is disposed on an outer periphery of the first rotary shaft coaxially with the first rotary shaft. And a second windmill attached to the tip end side of the second rotation shaft, and the first windmill and the second windmill have an upwind side and a leeward side. Located side by side, receives wind force and rotates in opposite directions The generator is provided in the tower, and the first rotary shaft and the second rotary shaft and the generator provided in the tower (or the power generation of the generator). And a driving force transmission structure for transmitting the rotational force of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft to the motor or the power generation shaft. Since the generator is provided in the tower, a large generator can be used. Since the first windmill and the second windmill can be arranged close to each other, high torque that can drive the large generator is generated by the first windmill and the second windmill. For example, only one generator is provided.

  The driving force transmission structure preferably has a speed increaser that increases the rotational speed (angular speed) of the power generator or the power generation shaft of the power generator in order to obtain a sufficient power generation amount. If it is installed in the tower, a large speed-up gear can be used, so that sufficient speed-up of the power generation shaft can be achieved.

  The drive force transmission structure is attached to the first drive bevel gear attached to the rear end side of the first rotary shaft and the rear end side of the second rotary shaft so as to face the first drive bevel gear. In addition, a second drive bevel gear having the same shape as that of the first drive bevel gear (at least the portions of the engaging teeth are the same) or the same (at least the portions of the engaging teeth being the same), the first drive bevel gear, and the second A power transmission shaft extending in the vertical direction and having a driven bevel gear which is located between the drive bevel gears and meshes with the first drive bevel gear and the second drive bevel gear on the upper end side. Can be configured to be connected to the generator or the generator shaft of the generator. If comprised in this way, a rotational force can be reliably given to a generator with a simple structure. The power transmission shaft and the generator or the generator shaft of the generator are connected directly or via another device.

  The driven bevel gear often meshes with the first drive bevel gear and the second drive bevel gear at the lower end position, but the first drive bevel gear and the second drive bevel gear are at the upper end position, Auxiliary paddle of the same shape (at least the engaging tooth portion is the same shape) or the same (at least the engaging tooth portion is the same) as the driven bevel gear provided on the case side housing the drive bevel gear and the second drive bevel gear. If the gear meshes with the gear, the driving force transmission structure can be stabilized.

  The second drive bevel gear is formed into an annular body, the first rotary shaft extends rearwardly through the second drive bevel gear, and the first drive bevel gear is located behind the second drive bevel gear. Thus, if a bearing is disposed between the second rotating bevel gear and the first rotating shaft, the driving force transmitting structure having a simple structure can be configured.

  If the bearing is arranged behind the first drive bevel gear between the first rotating shaft and the case, the first windmill rotor mechanism can be made stable.

  If the tower has an accommodating portion formed by stacking a plurality of cylindrical members, and the generator and the speed increaser are respectively provided on different cylindrical members, the tower can be easily assembled, transported or maintained. be able to. The generator and the speed increaser are preferably accommodated in different cylindrical members, but the rotating shaft of the generator or the speed increaser may protrude from the cylindrical member in which the generator or the speed increaser is accommodated. is there.

  The windmill device is configured to be able to swing or rotate according to the wind direction. The windmill device is supported by a support tube provided on the tower and rotatably arranged on the outer periphery of the power transmission shaft. ), The swing support structure can be made compact. Here, a rocking angle detection mechanism for detecting the rocking angle of the windmill device is required. However, if this rocking angle detection mechanism is provided in the tower, an increase in the size of the windmill device can be avoided. It is preferable that the generator, the speed increaser, and the swing angle detection mechanism are respectively provided in different cylindrical members. The generator, the speed increaser, and the swing angle detection mechanism are best accommodated in different cylindrical members, but the rotating shaft of the power generator, the speed increaser, etc. It may protrude from the cylindrical member in which the angle detection mechanism is accommodated.

  According to the present invention, a large amount of power generation can be obtained using a large generator.

It is a figure which shows the whole structure of the wind power generator which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of a 1st windmill rotor mechanism and a 2nd windmill rotor mechanism. It is an expanded sectional view of a gear chamber part. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of a tower. It is a figure which shows the detail of a rocking angle detection mechanism. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the operating state of a wind power generator.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of a wind turbine generator according to the present invention.

  The wind power generator 1 is a propeller-type power generator, and has a structure in which the windmill device 3 is supported by a tower 5 erected on a ground foundation (not shown), for example. The wind turbine device 3 includes a first wind turbine rotor mechanism 7, a second wind turbine rotor mechanism 9, and the rear side of the first wind turbine rotor mechanism 7 and the second wind turbine rotor mechanism 9 (from the front end side or the front end portion). And a case 11 for housing the rear side (here, the leeward side).

  The first windmill rotor mechanism 7 includes a solid first rotating shaft 13 (see FIG. 2) whose rear side or rear end side (here, the leeward side) is accommodated in the case 11, and the first rotation. A first windmill 17 having three first blades 15 fixed at the front end side of the shaft 13 and arranged at equal intervals of 120 degrees in the circumferential direction, and fixed to the first rotating shaft 13 And a front cap 19 for preventing the first windmill 17 from coming off, and the second windmill rotor mechanism 9 is accommodated in the case 11 through the first rotating shaft 13 and at the rear side of the front end portion. A pipe-shaped second rotating shaft 21 and three second blades 23 fixed at the tip of the second rotating shaft 21 and arranged at equal intervals of 120 degrees in the circumferential direction. And a second windmill 25. The first windmill 17 is configured by inserting and attaching the first blade 15 to the annular first attachment base 24, and the first attachment base 24 is fitted to the outer periphery of the first rotating shaft 13. It is fixed by attaching. The second windmill 25 is configured by inserting and attaching the second blade 23 to the annular second attachment base 26, and the second attachment base 26 is fitted on the outer periphery of the second rotating shaft 21. It is fixed by attaching. The first blade 15 of the first windmill 17 is formed so as to receive wind from the arrow X direction and rotate counterclockwise as viewed from the arrow X direction. The blade 23 is formed so as to receive wind from the arrow X direction and rotate in the clockwise direction when viewed from the arrow X direction. Both the first windmill 17 and the second windmill 25 have three blades. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently use wind energy by a total of six blades, and the startability during light winds is also good. Moreover, since the air flow can be sufficiently retreated from between the blades 15 and 23, the rear flow of the air flow is obstructed, so that it is difficult to generate high torque. A synergistic effect that high torque is generated in the second windmill 25 due to the rotational force of the airflow that escapes backward from between 15 can also be expected. Thus, even if the first windmill 17 and the second windmill 25 are reduced in diameter, a sufficient amount of power generation can be ensured, so that downsizing that can accommodate limited installation space is possible.

  The case 11 is fixed to a support plate 27, and the support plate 27 is fixed on a turntable 29 disposed at the upper end of the tower 5.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the first windmill rotor mechanism 7 and the second windmill rotor mechanism 9, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the gear chamber portion.

  The case 11 is a pipe body that is fixed to the front wall 33 and extends forward so that a through inner hole 37 is connected to a gear chamber 31 having a lower surface opening and a front passage port 35 formed in the front wall 33 of the gear chamber 31. A portion 39 and a rear cap 47 having a circular cross section that is fixed to the rear wall 41 and protrudes rearward so that an inner hole 45 is connected to a rear passage port 43 formed in the rear wall 41 of the gear chamber 31. The lower opening edge 49 of the gear chamber 31 is fixed to the support plate 27.

  The second rotating shaft 21 has a leading end projecting from the leading end of the pipe body 39 and a rear end passing through the front passage port 35 of the front wall 33 of the gear chamber 31 and being positioned in the gear chamber 31. The pipe body portion 39 of the case 11 is disposed in the through inner hole 37. The second windmill 25 is fixed to the tip end portion of the second rotating shaft 21 that protrudes from the tip end of the pipe body portion 39, and is not attached to the rear end of the second rotating shaft 21 located in the gear chamber 31. An orientation flange 51 is formed, and an annular second driving bevel gear 55 having an engagement tooth 53 on the outer peripheral surface is fixed to the outward flange 51 so that the engagement tooth 53 faces rearward. Yes. Bearings 56 are provided between the distal end portion of the pipe body portion 39 and the second rotation shaft 21 and between the front passage port 35 of the front wall 33 of the gear chamber 31 and the second rotation shaft 21, respectively. The second rotary shaft 21 is rotatably disposed in the through-hole 37 of the pipe body portion 39. Reference numeral 57 in the figure denotes a rear positioning member that is fitted on the outer periphery of the second rotary shaft 21 so as to be positioned between the outward flange 51 of the second rotary shaft 21 and the rear bearing 56. Reference numeral 58 denotes an annular body, and a front side 58 is fitted on the outer periphery of the second rotating shaft 21 so as to be positioned between the second mounting base portion 26 of the second windmill 25 and the tip of the pipe body portion 39. The positioning annular body is shown.

  The first rotating shaft 13 protrudes from the front end of the second rotating shaft 21 at the front end side, and the rear end portion passes through the rear passage port 43 of the rear wall 41 of the gear chamber 31, It arrange | positions in the 2nd rotating shaft 21 so that the hole 45 may be penetrated. The first windmill 17 is fixed to the distal end side of the first rotating shaft 13 that protrudes from the distal end of the second rotating shaft 21, and is closer to the distal end side (here, the windward side) than the second windmill 25. positioned. The first attachment base 24 of the first windmill 17 is attached to the first rotary shaft 13 so as not to rotate using, for example, a key and a key groove. An attachment member 59 is fixed to the rear end portion of the first rotary shaft 13 so as to be located in the gear chamber 31 of the case 11, and the second drive bevel gear 55 is attached to the attachment member 59. The first drive bevel gear 61 having the same shape or the same engagement tooth shape is fixed so that the engagement teeth 53 face forward. The first drive bevel gear 61 is located behind the second drive bevel gear 55 and is disposed so as to face the second drive bevel gear 55 at a predetermined interval. Bearings 62 are provided between the tip of the second rotating shaft 21 and the first rotating shaft 13 and between the inner hole 45 of the rear cap 47 and the first rotating shaft 13, respectively. The first rotary shaft 13 is rotatably arranged in the second rotary shaft 21 (or in the second rotary shaft 21 and the case 11). A bearing 62 is also provided between the inner periphery of the second drive bevel gear 55 and the first rotary shaft 13. The bearing 62 is positioned by the protrusion 63 of the second rotating shaft 21 and a retaining ring 64 attached to the first rotating shaft 13. By providing the bearing 62 in the second driving bevel gear 55, the first rotating shaft 13 can be supported by the rearmost part on the second rotating shaft 21 side, so that the rotating shaft can be stably held. Thus, the outward flange 51 portion (the outward flange 51 of the outward flange 51) that supports the second drive bevel gear 55, which is generated when an accommodation groove is formed in the second rotation shaft 21 and the bearing 62 is disposed in the accommodation groove, It is also possible to prevent a decrease in the strength of the root portion). In addition, the bearing structure can be made compact. Reference numeral 65 in the drawing denotes a positioning sleeve fitted on the outer periphery of the first rotating shaft 13 so as to be positioned between the front bearing 62 and the first mounting base 24 of the first windmill 15. ing.

  An auxiliary gear device 68 is configured in the ceiling portion 67 of the gear chamber 31 of the case 11, and the auxiliary gear device 68 passes through the ceiling portion 67 and a support pin 69 provided on the ceiling portion 67, and this The support pin 69 has an auxiliary bevel gear (driven gear) 70 rotatably attached to a portion protruding downward from the ceiling portion 67. The auxiliary bevel gear 70 is located between the first drive bevel gear 61 and the second drive bevel gear 55, and the engagement teeth 71 formed on the outer periphery are engaged with the engagement teeth of the first drive bevel gear 61. 53 and the engagement tooth 53 of the second drive bevel gear 55 are engaged at the upper end position.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the tower 5.

  The tower 5 includes a lower support portion 72 and an upper storage portion 73, and the upper storage portion 73 is a cylindrical lower storage portion (tubular member) supported by the support portion 72. 74, a cylindrical intermediate housing portion (tubular member) 75 provided on the lower housing portion 73 and fixed by a bolt 76, and placed on the intermediate housing portion 75. And a cylindrical upper housing portion (tubular member) 77 fixed by a bolt 76.

  In the lower housing part 74, a generator 81 is disposed or housed by being attached to the top plate or the top plate part 79 of the lower housing part 74, and the generator shaft 83 of this generator 81 is placed in the intermediate housing part 75. It protrudes. The generator shaft 83 is provided with a rotor (not shown), and the generator body 84 is provided with a stator (not shown). In the intermediate accommodating portion 75, a speed increasing device 87 is disposed or accommodated by being attached to the top plate or the top plate portion 85 of the intermediate accommodating portion 75, and the power generating shaft 83 of the generator 81 is the output shaft of the speed increasing device 87. 88 is connected through a coupling 89. The input shaft 91 of the speed increaser 87 protrudes into the upper housing portion 77. A power transmission shaft 93 extending in the vertical direction is rotatably disposed in the upper housing portion 77, and the input shaft 91 of the speed increaser 87 is connected to the lower end portion of the power transmission shaft 93 via a coupling 94. ing. As the couplings 89 and 94, for example, a chain coupling can be used. The upper end portion of the power transmission shaft 93 protrudes from the top plate 95 of the upper housing portion 77, passes through the turntable 29 and the support plate 27, and enters the gear chamber 31 of the case 11. A transmission driven bevel gear 97 having the same outer shape as the auxiliary bevel gear 70 (same engagement tooth shape) is fixed to the portion so as to be located in the gear chamber 31. The transmission driven bevel gear 97 is located between the first drive bevel gear 61 and the second drive bevel gear 55, and the engagement teeth 71 formed on the outer periphery are engaged with the first drive bevel gear 61. The teeth 53 and the engaging teeth 53 of the second driving bevel gear 55 are engaged with each other at the lower end position. The power transmission shaft 93 passes through the turntable 29 and the support plate 27 in a rotatable manner.

  A support cylinder 101 is rotatably fitted to the outer periphery of the power transmission shaft 93 via a bearing 99, and an upper end portion of the support cylinder 101 protrudes upward from the top plate 95 of the upper housing portion 77 and faces outward. A flange 103 is provided. The turntable 29 includes a table main body 105 and an annular gear 109 that is fixed to the lower surface of the table main body 105 and has engagement teeth 107 on the inner periphery. The table main body 105 is an outward flange of the support cylinder 101. 103 is supported and fixed. In addition, the code | symbol 111 is the thrust bearing arrange | positioned between the outward flange 103 of the support cylinder 101, and the top plate 95 of the upper side accommodating part 77, The needle bearing arrange | positioned between the top plate 95 and the support cylinder 101, It is a bearing which has integrally.

  A swing angle detection mechanism 113 is configured below the support cylinder 101. The swing angle detection mechanism 113 includes a mounting wall 117 having a central hole 115 fixed to the inner periphery of the upper accommodating portion 77, and the mounting wall 117 has a large number of photoelectric elements along the peripheral edge of the central hole 115. A sensor 119 is arranged and mounted (see also FIG. 5). Each photoelectric sensor 119 includes a detection groove 121 at the inner end, and has a light emitting element on one of the upper and lower sides of the detection groove 121 and a light receiving element on the other upper and lower side. The support cylinder 101 passes through the central hole 115 of the mounting wall 117, and a detection member 125 having a detection flange 123 that enters the detection groove 121 of the photoelectric sensor 119 and blocks the optical signal is attached to the support cylinder 101. It has been. The detection flange 123 is formed with a notch 127 through which an optical signal passes at one circumferential direction, and the rotation angle of the support cylinder 101 or the windmill device 3 depends on which photoelectric sensor 119 receives the optical signal. You can confirm the direction that In the figure, reference numeral 129 denotes a bearing provided between the support member 131 fixed to the mounting wall 117 and the support cylinder 101.

  A swing motor 133 is attached to the lower surface of the top plate 95 of the upper housing part 77 at an eccentric position, and an output shaft 135 of the swing motor 133 projects into the annular gear 109 of the turntable 29. A swing pinion 137 is provided on the output shaft 135 of the swing motor 133, and the engagement teeth 139 on the outer periphery of the swing pinion 137 are engaged with the engagement teeth 107 of the annular gear 109. Based on the detection result of the wind direction detection system (not shown) and the detection result of the swing angle detection mechanism 113, the swing motor 133 turns the turntable 29 and the windmill device 3 fixed to the turntable 29 in an appropriate direction. Since it is controlled to rotate, the first windmill 17 and the second windmill 25 always face the direction of the wind. When the output shaft 135 of the swing motor 133 rotates, the turntable 29 rotates with the rotation of the support cylinder 101 according to the rotation of the swing pinion 137 provided on the output shaft 135, and the windmill device 3 swings. To do.

  FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing an operating state of the wind turbine generator 1.

  The first windmill 17 is configured to rotate in the counterclockwise direction A upon receiving the wind force, whereas the second windmill 25 is configured to rotate in the clockwise direction B upon receiving the wind force. When the first windmill 17 rotates in the counterclockwise direction A, the first drive bevel gear 61 rotates in the counterclockwise direction A, and when the second windmill 25 rotates in the clockwise direction B, the second drive The bevel gear 55 rotates in the clockwise direction B. When the first drive bevel gear 61 rotates in the counterclockwise direction A and the second drive bevel gear 55 rotates in the clockwise direction B, the transmission driven bevel gear fixed to the upper end of the power transmission shaft 93 97 rotates in the C direction. The first drive bevel gear 61 and the second drive bevel gear 55 rotate at a constant speed via the transmission driven bevel gear 97, but the transmission driven bevel gear 97 rotates in the C direction, and the power transmission shaft 93 is rotated. When rotating in the C direction, the output shaft 88 of the speed increaser 87 rotates at a speed higher than the rotational speed of the power transmission shaft 93, and as a result, the generator 81 is driven at a high speed.

  As described above, the present invention can constitute a wind power generator with a large power generation amount, for example, while being small.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wind power generator 3 Windmill apparatus 5 Tower 7 1st windmill rotor mechanism 9 2nd windmill rotor mechanism 13 1st rotation shaft 17 1st windmill 21 2nd rotation shaft 25 2nd windmill 55 2nd drive Bevel gear 61 First drive bevel gear 81 Generator 93 Power transmission shaft

Claims (9)

A wind turbine generator is arranged at the upper end of the tower, and a generator is driven by the wind turbine generator to generate power,
The windmill device includes a first windmill rotor mechanism and a second windmill rotor mechanism,
The first windmill rotor mechanism includes a first rotating shaft extending in the horizontal direction, and a first windmill attached to a distal end side of the first rotating shaft, and the second windmill rotor mechanism Is attached to the outer periphery of the first rotary shaft, the second rotary shaft extending in the horizontal direction, coaxially arranged with the first rotary shaft, and the front end side of the second rotary shaft. A second windmill,
The first windmill and the second windmill are located side by side on the windward side and the leeward side, and are formed so as to rotate in opposite directions upon receiving wind force.
The generator is provided in the tower,
The first rotary shaft and the second rotary shaft are connected to a power generation shaft of the generator provided in the tower, and the rotational force of the first rotary shaft and the second rotary shaft is set to the It has a driving force transmission structure that transmits to the power generation shaft,
The drive force transmission structure faces the first drive bevel gear attached to the rear end side of the first rotary shaft and the first drive bevel gear on the rear end side of the second rotary shaft. The first drive bevel gear is mounted between the first drive bevel gear, the first drive bevel gear, and the second drive bevel gear. having a bevel gear and a driven bevel gear meshing with the second drive bevel gear at the upper end, a power transmission shaft extending in the vertical direction, has a power transmission shaft is connected to the power shaft of the generator there, the wind power generation device that be characterized in that. The windmill device includes a case that houses the first drive bevel gear and the second drive bevel gear, and the driven bevel gear includes the first drive bevel gear and the second drive bevel gear. The first driving bevel gear and the second driving bevel gear mesh with each other at the lower end position, and at the upper end position, mesh with an auxiliary bevel gear of the same shape as the driven bevel gear provided on the case side. The wind power generator according to claim 1 . The second bevel gear is an annular body, the first rotating shaft extends rearwardly through the second bevel gear, and the first bevel gear is more than the second bevel gear. behind, be attached to the first rotary shaft, according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the bearing is disposed between said second bevel gear of the first rotary shaft The wind power generator described. The wind turbine generator according to claim 2 , wherein a bearing is arranged behind the first bevel gear between the first rotating shaft and the case. The driving force transmission structure includes a speed increasing device for increasing a rotational speed of the power generation shaft of the power generator, and the speed increasing device is provided in the tower. Item 5. A wind power generator according to 1, 2, 3 or 4 . The tower has a receiving portion formed by stacking a plurality of cylindrical members, and the generator and the speed increaser are respectively provided in different cylindrical members. The wind power generator according to claim 5 . The wind turbine device is rotatably arranged on an outer periphery of the power transmission shaft, is supported by a support tube provided in the tower, and is configured to be able to swing in a horizontal direction. The wind power generator according to 1, 2, 3 or 4 . The wind turbine generator according to claim 7 , further comprising a swing angle detection mechanism for detecting a swing angle of the windmill device in the tower. The driving force transmission structure includes a speed increaser that increases the rotational speed of the power generation shaft of the power generator, and the windmill device is configured to be able to swing in a horizontal direction,
A swing angle detection mechanism for detecting a swing angle of the windmill device is further provided;
The tower has an accommodating portion formed by stacking a plurality of cylindrical members, and the generator, the speed increaser, and the swing angle detection mechanism are respectively provided in different cylindrical members. The wind power generator according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4 .

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