JP5710677B2 - Trial gauge for implants - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an implant trial gauge for confirming the formation direction of an implant cavity.

  In implant treatment in which an oral implant (artificial tooth) is embedded in the jawbone, a hole is drilled in the jawbone with a drill or the like to form the implant cavity in order to implant the implant. Since the implant cavity is formed in the jawbone, it is difficult to visually grasp the depth direction (formation direction). Then, although it confirmed by imaging | photography with a dental film, it is only a two-dimensional confirmation, and the formation direction of an implant fossa cannot be confirmed three-dimensionally. Therefore, there are cases where the inside of the oral cavity is imaged by computed tomography (abbreviated as CT), and the state of the alveolar bone forming the implant fossa is confirmed three-dimensionally by the image. The jawbone where the implant fossa is formed has a hard cortical bone on the surface layer, and the inside is often a porous cancellous bone. Therefore, in the image, the implant cavity formed on the jaw bone is difficult to distinguish from the bone quality of the jaw bone, and it is difficult to confirm the formation direction of the implant cavity. As a method for recognizing the implant cavity and confirming the formation direction of the implant cavity during CT, for example, it is conceivable to take an image with a gauge inserted. As a gauge, an embedding formation direction indicating member as described in Patent Document 1 is known.

  The implant cavity forming direction indicating member of Patent Document 1 has a main body and an implant cavity forming direction indicating section. The main body is configured to be able to be inserted into an implant cavity (implantation cavity), and an embedding cavity formation direction instruction section is attached to an upper end portion of the main body. The embedding pit formation direction indicating portion extends upward from the upper end portion of the main body.

JP-A-8-224258

  The implant cavity formation direction indicating member of Patent Document 1 is used to indicate the formation direction of an implant cavity newly formed next to a previously formed implant cavity. For this reason, it is preferable that the embedding pit formation direction instructing portion is formed long and protrudes greatly from the implant pit. Therefore, when the implant cavity forming direction indicating member is inserted into the implant cavity, the upper and lower teeth cannot be engaged with each other. However, in CT, it is often necessary to photograph with the upper and lower jaws fixed with the upper and lower jaws engaged with upper and lower teeth, and the implant formation direction indicating member of Patent Document 1 is used in CT. There are many cases where this is not possible.

  Then, this invention aims at providing the trial gauge for implants which can be made into the state close | similar to closing with inserting.

  An implant trial gauge according to the present invention is an implant trial gauge for confirming the formation direction of an implant cavity, and extends in a predetermined direction and can be inserted into the implant cavity, and expands and contracts in the predetermined direction. And a telescopic member provided on the gauge body as possible.

  According to the present invention, the length of the gauge body can be adjusted to a length corresponding to the depth of the implant cavity. Thereby, it is possible to make the implant trial gauge close to the closed position while being inserted into the implant cavity.

  In the above invention, it is preferable that the gauge body is a cylindrical member extending along the predetermined direction, and the elastic member is screwed into an inner peripheral portion of the gauge body.

  According to the above configuration, the length of the implant trial gauge can be adjusted by simply turning the extendable member, so that the length of the implant trial gauge can be easily adjusted. Accordingly, the depth of the implant fossa can be measured by adjusting the length of the trial trial gauge to a predetermined length and inserting it into the implant fossa.

  In the above invention, it is preferable that the elastic member has a stopper portion, and an outer dimension of the stopper portion is larger than an outer dimension of the implant cavity.

  According to the above configuration, it is possible to prevent the stopper portion from hitting the edge of the alveolar bone of the jawbone in which the implant cavity is formed and falling into the implant cavity.

  In the above invention, the elastic member has a main body portion that is extendably provided on the gauge main body and has a base end portion protruding from the gauge main body, and a base end side in a predetermined direction of the inner peripheral portion of the gauge main body. Preferably, a locking member is formed, the stopper portion is provided at a proximal end portion of the main body portion, and a distal end portion of the main body portion is preferably engaged with the locking member. .

  According to the above configuration, when the expansion / contraction member is extended, the distal end portion of the main body portion is engaged with the locking member of the gauge main body, and conversely, when the expansion / contraction member is retracted, it is provided at the proximal end portion of the main body portion. The stopper that is in contact with the open end of the gauge body. Therefore, the expansion / contraction member does not come out of the gauge body due to the expansion / contraction operation of the expansion / contraction member, and unintentional disassembly of the gauge in the oral cavity can be prevented.

  In the above-mentioned invention, it is preferable to have a dropout prevention hole into which the dropout prevention thread can be inserted.

  According to the above configuration, the implant trial gauge can be prevented from being lost or strayed during the operation by passing the drop prevention thread through the drop prevention hole.

  According to the present invention, the implant trial gauge can be inserted and brought into a state close to a closed mouth.

It is a perspective view which shows the trial gauge for implants concerning 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the trial gauge for implants of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which expanded / contracted the trial trial gauge of FIG. It is a figure which shows the state which inserted the trial gauge for implants of FIG. 1 in the implant cavity. It is a perspective view which shows the trial gauge for implants concerning 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

  The implant trial gauge (hereinafter also referred to as “gauge”) 1 according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below, and additions, deletions, and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

<First Embodiment>
In implant treatment for implanting an implant (artificial tooth) in the jawbone, an implant cavity is opened in the jawbone to implant the implant, and the computed tomography (abbreviated as CT) in the oral cavity is used to confirm the shape, orientation, and depth of the implant cavity. ) Is performed. At this time, the gauge 1 shown in FIG. 1 is used to three-dimensionally measure the shape, direction and depth of the implant cavity.

  The gauge 1 is made of titanium or a titanium alloy. The gauge 1 is stainless steel having heat and pressure resistance capable of withstanding high-pressure and high-temperature sterilization by an autoclave, or a synthetic resin having heat and pressure resistance and X-ray impermeability (for example, a heat-resistant resin containing metal powder or barium). May be. The gauge 1 includes a gauge body 2 and an elastic member 3. The gauge main body 2 is substantially cylindrical and extends along the axis L1. The outer diameter of the gauge body 2 is, for example, 2 mm or more and 4 mm or less. The gauge body 2 having such an outer shape has flanges 2a and 2b at both axial ends, and the two flange portions 2a and 2b extend over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction and project outward in the radial direction. ing. The inner peripheral portion 2c of the gauge body 2 has a locking member 4 at the proximal end portion in the axial direction. The locking member 4 is formed over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction of the inner circumferential portion 2c and protrudes inward in the radial direction. That is, the inner diameter of the locking member 4 is smaller than the inner diameter of the remaining portion. A female screw 5 is formed on the inner peripheral portion of the locking member 4, and the telescopic member 3 is screwed to the female screw 5 as shown in FIG.

  The elastic member 3 has a main body portion 10 and a stopper portion 11. The main body 10 is generally cylindrical and extends in the axial direction. A male screw 12 is formed at an intermediate portion of the outer peripheral portion of the main body 10, and the male screw 12 is screwed into the female screw 5. Therefore, the main body 10 is extended and retracted with respect to the gauge main body 2 by rotating the main body 10 in the circumferential direction (see FIGS. 2 and 3). Further, the outer diameter of the distal end portion 13 of the main body portion 10 is formed to be larger than the male screw 12 and substantially coincides with the inner diameter of the inner peripheral portion 2 c of the gauge main body 2. That is, the outer diameter of the distal end portion 13 of the main body 10 is formed larger than the inner diameter of the locking portion 4. Therefore, the distal end portion 13 of the main body 10 is adapted to engage with the locking member 4 when the main body 10 is extended with respect to the gauge main body 2. It will not come out of 2. Further, a stopper portion 11 is provided at the proximal end portion in the axial direction of the main body portion 10.

  The stopper portion 11 is generally formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape, and the axial direction proximal end portion of the main body portion 10 is press-fitted and fixed to the inner hole 11a. In addition, you may fix by screwing the axial direction base end part of the main-body part 10 to the stopper part 11, and crimping. The outer diameter of the stopper portion 11 is formed larger than the outer diameter of the gauge body 2. Therefore, the stopper portion 11 comes into contact with the opening end 2d of the gauge body 2 when the body portion 10 is retracted relative to the gauge body 2, and the body portion 10 is brought into contact with the gauge body 2 when retracted. You can't get out of it. Further, the stopper portion 11 is formed with a drop prevention hole 16 extending in a direction perpendicular to the axis L1. The fall prevention hole 16 is inserted with a fall prevention thread, and by holding the fall prevention thread, the gauge 1 can be prevented from dropping into the oral cavity. This can prevent the gauge 1 from being lost or lost during the operation.

  The method of assembling the gauge 1 configured as described above will be described. First, the axial base end portion of the main body 10 is inserted from the opening on the distal end side of the gauge main body 2 in the axial direction. And when the axial direction base end part of the main-body part 10 contact | abuts to the locking member 4, the main-body part 10 is rotated to the circumferential direction, and the external thread 12 is screwed together with the internal thread 5. FIG. After the screwing, the main body portion 10 is further rotated in the circumferential direction so that the axial base end portion of the main body portion 10 protrudes from the other axial end side of the gauge main body 2. After the protrusion, the axial base end portion of the main body 10 is press-fitted into the inner hole 11 a of the stopper 11, and the stopper 11 is fixed to the main body 10. The gauge 1 assembled in this way can adjust the amount of expansion / contraction of the expansion / contraction member 3 by rotating the main body 10 in the circumferential direction so that the main body 10 extends and retracts relative to the gauge main body 2. (See FIGS. 2 and 3).

  Hereinafter, a method of confirming the formation direction of the implant cavity 22 formed in the jawbone (the mandible in this embodiment) 21 using the gauge 1 will be described with reference to FIG. The gauge 1 is formed with various outer diameters within a range of, for example, 2 mm or more and 4 mm or less. First, the gauge 1 having an outer diameter matching the hole diameter of the implant cavity 22 is selected. Next, the expansion / contraction member 3 is extended or retracted according to the depth of the implant cavity 22 to adjust the expansion / contraction amount of the expansion / contraction member 3. And the gauge 1 which adjusted the expansion-contraction amount is inserted in the implant fossa 22 (refer FIG. 4).

  The gauge 1 has a flange portion 2 a at the distal end side portion of the gauge body 2, and a flange portion 2 a having an outer diameter slightly larger than an inner diameter of the distal end portion of the implant cavity 22 is selected. As a result, the flange portion 2 a is brought into contact with the jawbone 21, and the gauge 1 is held between the jawbone 22. Accordingly, the gauge 1 can be fixed in the implant cavity 22 by inserting and pushing the gauge 1 into the implant cavity 22. Since fixation is possible in this way, CT can be performed without the gauge 1 falling out of the implant cavity 22 even when the implant cavity is formed in the maxilla.

  The total length of the gauge 1 thus fixed is adjusted in advance according to the depth of the implant cavity 22 as described above, and the length thereof is adjusted to be longer than the depth of the implant cavity 22. Specifically, the stopper portion 11 protrudes from the implant cavity 22, that is, protrudes from the jawbone 21. The gauge 1 is selected such that the outer diameter of the stopper portion 11 is larger than the hole diameter of the implant cavity 22. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the stopper portion 11 from hitting the margin of the alveolar bone of the jaw bone 21 and falling into the implant cavity 22. In the case of forming an implant cavity in the maxilla, the implant cavity may penetrate the maxilla and connect to the maxillary sinus. Even in such a case, it can be prevented that the stopper portion 11 hits the edge of the alveolar bone of the jawbone 21 and the gauge 1 falls into the maxillary sinus. Therefore, it is particularly useful when confirming the direction of formation of an implant cavity that penetrates the maxilla and connects to the maxillary sinus.

  Further, by extending and contracting the elastic member 3, the entire length of the gauge 1 can be adjusted so that the stopper portion 11 does not protrude from the occlusal surface. As a result, the gauge 1 can be brought into a state close to the closed mouth while being inserted into the implant cavity 22, and the upper jaw and the lower jaw can be fixed in the occlusal position and imaged by CT. Thereby, the formation direction of the implant cavity can be confirmed three-dimensionally.

  As described above, the gauge 1 is configured to be extendable by screwing the gauge body 2 and the expansion / contraction member 3, so that the expansion / contraction amount of the expansion / contraction member 3 with respect to the gauge body 2 is adjusted by rotating the expansion / contraction member 3. be able to. That is, the length of the gauge 1 can be adjusted by rotating the telescopic member 3. In this way, the length of the gauge 1 can be adjusted by simply turning the expansion / contraction member 3, so that the length of the gauge 1 can be easily adjusted. Therefore, when photographing by CT, the approximate depth of the implant fossa can be measured by the gauge 1 by adjusting the length of the gauge 1 to 8 to 12 mm, which is frequently used, and inserting it into the implant fossa. The length of the gauge 1 can be adjusted, for example, from a minimum of 2 mm to a maximum of 16 mm, and can be measured within that range. However, the adjustable length of the gauge 1 is not limited to the above range.

  In the gauge 1, although not shown, a mark (for example, a marker groove) may be attached to the outer peripheral portion of the gauge body 2 over the entire circumference. Thereby, not only the formation direction but also the depth of the implant cavity 22 can be measured. Moreover, by attaching marks over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction, the distance from the tip of the gauge body 2 is easily understood from four directions, and the orientation of the gauge body 2 at the time of measurement is not limited. Therefore, the depth of the implant cavity can be easily measured.

  Further, in the gauge 1, when the expansion / contraction member 3 is extended, the distal end portion 13 of the main body portion 10 of the expansion / contraction member 3 engages with the locking member 4 of the gauge main body 2, and conversely, the expansion / contraction member 3 is retracted. A stopper portion 11 provided at the base end portion of the main body portion 10 comes into contact with the open end portion 2d of the gauge main body 2. Therefore, the expansion / contraction member 3 does not come out of the gauge body 2 due to the expansion / contraction operation of the expansion / contraction member 3, and the unintended disassembly of the gauge 1 in the oral cavity can be prevented.

[Second Embodiment]
The gauge 1A of the second embodiment is similar in configuration to the gauge 1 of the first embodiment. Hereinafter, the configuration of the gauge 1A of the second embodiment will be described only with respect to differences from the configuration of the gauge 1 of the first embodiment, and the description of the same configuration will be omitted.

  The gauge 1A of the second embodiment has a gauge body 2A and an elastic member 3A. The gauge body 2A has a generally cylindrical shape, and an expansion / contraction groove 31 and a plurality of engagement grooves 32 are formed on the outer peripheral portion thereof. The expansion / contraction groove 31 and the plurality of engagement grooves 32 penetrate the gauge body 2A in the radial direction. The expansion / contraction groove 31 extends in parallel to the axial direction from the tip of the gauge body 2 to an intermediate portion, and is connected to a plurality of engagement grooves 32. The plurality of engaging grooves 32 are disposed in the middle portion of the outer peripheral portion with an interval in the axial direction. Each engaging groove 32 extends from the expansion / contraction groove 31 in one circumferential direction.

  The main body 10A of the elastic member 3A has a generally cylindrical shape, and is inserted into the gauge main body 2A so as to be relatively displaceable in the axial direction. The distal end portion 13 of the main body portion 10A is adapted to engage with the locking member 4 of the gauge main body 2 when the main body portion 10A is extended, and a stopper portion 11 is provided at the proximal end portion of the main body portion 10A. ing. In addition, an engagement protrusion 33 having a substantially circular cross section is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the main body 10A, and the engagement protrusion 33 protrudes outward in the radial direction. The outer diameter of the engagement protrusion 33 is smaller than the expansion / contraction groove 31 and the engagement groove 32, and the engagement protrusion 33 is disposed in the expansion / contraction groove 31. The engagement protrusion 33 moves in the axial direction of the expansion / contraction groove 31 when the expansion / contraction member 3A is expanded / contracted, and the engagement protrusion 33 rotates each engagement groove 32 when the expansion / contraction member 3A is rotated. Is designed to move in the circumferential direction.

  In the gauge 1A configured as described above, there are a plurality of positions where the expansion / contraction groove 31 and the engagement groove 32 intersect, and the engagement protrusion 33 is located at a position where a desired expansion / contraction amount is obtained among the plurality of positions. The elastic member 3A is expanded and contracted until it reaches. After reaching, when the telescopic member 3A is rotated in one circumferential direction, the engaging protrusion 33 enters the engaging groove 32 and engages. Thereby, 3 A of expansion-contraction members can be locked, and the expansion-contraction member 3 can be protruded by the desired expansion-contraction amount. That is, the gauge 1A can be set to a desired length.

  Thus, the gauge 1A which can adjust length can be used by the method similar to the gauge 1A of 1st embodiment, and there exists the same effect.

[Other Embodiments]
Although the external shape of the gauges 1 and 1A of this embodiment is substantially cylindrical, it is not restricted to this shape. The outer shape of the gauges 1 and 1A may be elliptical or polygonal, and may be any shape that fits into the implant cavity. The gauges 1 and 1A are not limited to the materials described above.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Trial gauge for implants 2 Gauge main body 3 Elastic member 4 Locking member 10 Main body part 11 Stopper part 13 Tip part 16 Mounting hole 17 Operation member

Claims (5)

An implant trial gauge used to confirm the direction of formation of an implant cavity that is opened for implanting an implant,
A gauge body extending in a predetermined direction and insertable into the implant cavity,
An implant trial gauge comprising: an elastic member provided on an inner peripheral portion of the gauge body so as to be extendable and contractible in the predetermined direction. The gauge body is a cylindrical member extending along the predetermined direction,
The extendable member, the screwed into the inner peripheral portion of the gauge body, implant trial gauge of claim 1. The elastic member has a stopper portion,
The trial trial gauge according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an outer dimension of the stopper portion is larger than an outer dimension of the implant cavity. The telescopic member has a main body portion that is extendable and contractible to the gauge main body and has a base end portion protruding from the gauge main body,
A locking member is formed on a predetermined direction proximal end side of the inner peripheral portion of the gauge body,
The stopper portion is provided at a proximal end portion of the main body portion,
Distal portion of said body portion, said body portion to engage with the locking member is prevented escape from the gauge body, implant trial gauge of claim 3. 5. The implant trial gauge according to claim 1, wherein the elastic member has a dropout prevention hole into which a dropout prevention thread can be inserted.

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