JP5657945B2 - Antenna tuning circuit - Google Patents
Antenna tuning circuit Download PDFInfo
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- JP5657945B2 JP5657945B2 JP2010176507A JP2010176507A JP5657945B2 JP 5657945 B2 JP5657945 B2 JP 5657945B2 JP 2010176507 A JP2010176507 A JP 2010176507A JP 2010176507 A JP2010176507 A JP 2010176507A JP 5657945 B2 JP5657945 B2 JP 5657945B2
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- antenna
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Description
本発明は、送信機出力回路とアンテナの整合時間を短縮するためのアンテナ同調回路に関する。 The present invention relates to an antenna tuning circuit for shortening a matching time between a transmitter output circuit and an antenna.
図３は船舶用MF/HF無線装置等で従来行われている送信機出力段とアンテナ回路の整合するための従来技術のアンテナ同調回路を示す。船舶用MF/HF無線装置では船舶の構造上、アンテナ３は8〜10m程度のホイップアンテナか逆Ｌ型のワイヤーアンテナを使用しており、そのインピーダンスは送信機１の出力インピーダンスである50Ωとは大きくかけ離れている。 FIG. 3 shows a conventional antenna tuning circuit for matching a transmitter output stage and an antenna circuit, which is conventionally performed in a marine MF / HF radio device or the like. In the ship MF / HF radio equipment, the antenna 3 uses a whip antenna of about 8 to 10 m or an inverted L-type wire antenna due to the structure of the ship, and the impedance is 50Ω which is the output impedance of the transmitter 1. It is far away.
そのため、送信機１とアンテナ３間に整合器２を挿入し、インピーダンスマッチングを行っている。MF/HF無線装置ではその使用周波数範囲が1.6M〜30MHzと非常に広く、アンテナ３も様々なものがあるため、整合器２内では、コンデンサ１２，１４とコイル１３で構成されるマッチング素子を多段的に切り替えることによって各周波数におけるアンテナ２のインピーダンスに対応している。 Therefore, impedance matching is performed by inserting a matching unit 2 between the transmitter 1 and the antenna 3. The MF / HF radio device has a very wide frequency range of 1.6M to 30MHz and various antennas 3. Therefore, in the matching unit 2, a matching element composed of capacitors 12 and 14 and a coil 13 is provided. By switching in multiple stages, the impedance of the antenna 2 at each frequency is supported.
整合を行うときは、10W〜20Wの送信周波数で送信し、整合センサ７からの信号を見ながらコンデンサ１２、１４とコイル１３を切り替えることによって、最適なコイル１３とコンデンサ１２、１４の組み合わせ探して設定する。なお、整合センサ７は、進行波レベル、反射波レベル、位相判定（誘導性／容量性）、抵抗判定（50Ω以上／50Ω未満）等を備えている。 When matching is performed, transmission is performed at a transmission frequency of 10 W to 20 W, and the optimal combination of the coil 13 and the capacitors 12 and 14 is searched by switching the capacitors 12 and 14 and the coil 13 while observing the signal from the matching sensor 7. Set. The matching sensor 7 includes a traveling wave level, a reflected wave level, a phase determination (inductive / capacitive), a resistance determination (50Ω or more / less than 50Ω), and the like.
また、整合完了後は、次回の整合動作が不要となるように周波数毎にマッチング素子の組み合わせを整合データとしてメモリ１１上に保存している。 Further, after the matching is completed, the combination of matching elements is stored in the memory 11 as matching data for each frequency so that the next matching operation is not necessary.
上記のような従来例にあっては、過去に整合済みの周波数はメモリ１１を読み出すことにより1秒以下で整合が可能であるが、未整合の周波数に関しては、コンデンサ１２、１４とコイル１３の膨大な組み合わせの中から最適値を探すのに数秒〜十数秒の時間がかかってしまうと言う課題がある。 In the conventional example as described above, the frequency that has been matched in the past can be matched in less than 1 second by reading out the memory 11. There is a problem that it takes several seconds to several tens of seconds to search for an optimum value from a large number of combinations.
送信機出力回路とアンテナを整合する整合器において、前記整合器の整合状態を監視する整合センサを有し、アンテナ電流を検出するアンテナ電流センサを有し、前記送信機出力回路と前記アンテナを整合するためのコンデンサおよびコイルを有し、前記整合センサからの信号および前記アンテナ電流センサからの信号を入手して前記コンデンサおよび前記コイルをＯＮ、ＯＦＦするＣＰＵを有するアンテナ同調回路であって、前記ＣＰＵは前記整合センサからの信号で前記送信機出力回路と前記アンテナ間のリアクタンス分を打ち消すように前記コンデンサおよび前記コイルをＯＮ，ＯＦＦして前記リアクタンスを零にして、前記リアクタンスが零の時、前記アンテナ電流センサからの信号からアンテナインピーダンスを計算して、前記アンテナインピーダンスより50Ωに整合するコンデンサ値とコイル値を計算して、前記コンデンサ値とコイル値になるように前記ＣＰＵで前記コンデンサと前記コイルをＯＮ，ＯＦＦすることを特徴とする。 A matching unit for matching a transmitter output circuit and an antenna has a matching sensor for monitoring a matching state of the matching unit, an antenna current sensor for detecting an antenna current, and matching the transmitter output circuit and the antenna. to have a capacitor and a coil for the signal and the antenna current signal to obtain to ON the capacitor and the coil of the sensor from the alignment sensor, an antenna tuning circuit having OFF to CPU, said CPU Is a signal from the matching sensor so that the reactance between the transmitter output circuit and the antenna is canceled by turning the capacitor and the coil ON and OFF to make the reactance zero, and when the reactance is zero, The antenna impedance is calculated from the signal from the antenna current sensor, and the antenna impedance is calculated. Calculate the capacitor value and the coil values matched to 50Ω from antenna impedance, ON said coil and said capacitor in said CPU so that the capacitor value and the coil values, characterized in that turned OFF.
本発明によれば、整合器の終端部にアンテナ電流センサを装備することにより、前記アンテナ電流センサからの情報を基にアンテナの整合を行うため整合時間の短縮を図ることができる。 According to the present invention, since the antenna current sensor is provided at the terminal end of the matching unit, the matching time is shortened because the antenna is matched based on the information from the antenna current sensor.
図１は本発明の構成図である。図１の整合器２の終端部にアンテナ電流センサ２２を装備して以下の手順で整合を行う。送信機１の出力を決められた出力（10〜20W程度）にて送信し、整合センサ出力信号８からの信号の1つである位相判定を使用して、誘導性か容量性かをＣＰＵ１１で調べる。 FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention. An antenna current sensor 22 is installed at the end of the matching unit 2 in FIG. The CPU 11 transmits the output of the transmitter 1 with a predetermined output (about 10 to 20 W), and uses the phase determination that is one of the signals from the matching sensor output signal 8 to determine whether the inductive or capacitive is in the CPU 11. Investigate.
誘導性ならコンデンサ１４を、容量性ならコイル１３を、前記決められた出力で送信しながらＣＰＵ１０で段階的にＯＮにし、位相が切り替る点を調べる。前記位相が切り替わる点ではリアクタンス成分がほぼ零となり、抵抗成分のみとなる。 The inductive capacitor 14 and the capacitive coil 13 are turned on stepwise by the CPU 10 while transmitting at the determined output, and the point at which the phase is switched is examined. At the point where the phase is switched, the reactance component becomes almost zero and only the resistance component.
前記位相が切り替わる点で、アンテナ電流センサ出力21からアンテナ電流値をＣＰＵ１０で調べ、前記送信出力値と前記アンテナ電流値からアンテナの抵抗値を求める。求めた抵抗値から、整合するために加算するコイル１３とコンデンサ１２、１４の最適値を推測する。推測した最適値にコイル１３とコンデンサ１２、１４をＣＰＵ１０で設定後、整合センサ７の値を見ながらＣＰＵ１０でコイル１３とコンデンサ１２、１４を更に微調整する。 At the point where the phase is switched, the CPU 10 checks the antenna current value from the antenna current sensor output 21 and obtains the antenna resistance value from the transmission output value and the antenna current value. The optimum values of the coil 13 and the capacitors 12 and 14 to be added for matching are estimated from the obtained resistance value. After setting the coil 13 and the capacitors 12 and 14 to the estimated optimum value by the CPU 10, the CPU 10 further finely adjusts the coil 13 and the capacitors 12 and 14 while looking at the value of the matching sensor 7.
以上の様にＣＰＵ１０によりリアクタンス成分を零にした後は、ＣＰＵ１０によりコイル１３とコンデンサ１２、１４を最適値に設定して、最終的にはＣＰＵ１０によりコイル１３とコンデンサ１２、１４の整合動作が微調整のみとなるので整合時間の短縮ができる。 After the reactance component is reduced to zero by the CPU 10 as described above, the coil 10 and the capacitors 12 and 14 are set to optimum values by the CPU 10, and finally the matching operation between the coil 13 and the capacitors 12 and 14 is slightly performed by the CPU 10. Since only adjustment is required, the alignment time can be shortened.
図２は、送信周波数が２ＭＨｚでアンテナ３のインピーダンスが１０Ω＋１２５ｐＦであった場合の整合方法をスミスチャートで示す。１０Ω＋１２５ｐＦは図２のスミスチャート上では５１の点である。 FIG. 2 is a Smith chart showing a matching method when the transmission frequency is 2 MHz and the impedance of the antenna 3 is 10Ω + 125 pF. 10Ω + 125 pF is 51 points on the Smith chart of FIG.
この時、図１の整合器２の整合センサ出力信号８は容量性を示すのでＣＰＵ１０からコイル１３を少しずつ加算する。加算した場合のインピーダンスの動きを図２のスミスチャートの52で示す。整合センサ出力信号８からの信号の位相が切り替わる点になったらアンテナ電流センサ出力２１を調べ、アンテナ電流値と送信出力から抵抗値を算出する。この場合の抵抗値は１０Ωとなる。また、この時の図２のスミスチャート上の点は５３となる。 At this time, the matching sensor output signal 8 of the matching unit 2 in FIG. The movement of impedance when added is indicated by 52 in the Smith chart of FIG. When the phase of the signal from the matching sensor output signal 8 is switched, the antenna current sensor output 21 is examined, and the resistance value is calculated from the antenna current value and the transmission output. In this case, the resistance value is 10Ω. Further, the point on the Smith chart of FIG.
次に周波数と抵抗値から整合に必要なコイル（＋１．５９μＨ）とコンデンサ（３１８９ｐＦ）を計算し加算する。コイル（＋１．５９μＨ）を加算したした場合のインピーダンスの動きを図２のスミスチャート上に５４で示す。加算後のインピーダンスは55の点となる。 Next, a coil (+1.59 μH) and a capacitor (3189 pF) necessary for matching are calculated and added from the frequency and the resistance value. The movement of the impedance when the coil (+1.59 μH) is added is indicated by 54 on the Smith chart of FIG. The impedance after addition is 55 points.
次にコンデンサ（３１８３ｐＦ）を加算した場合のインピーダンスの動きを図２のスミスチャート上に５６で示す。加算後のインピーダンスは5７の点となるが、整合がずれている場合は、最後に整合センサ出力信号８からの情報を基にＣＰＵでコンデンサ１２、１４とコイル１３を微調整する。 Next, the movement of impedance when the capacitor (3183 pF) is added is indicated by 56 on the Smith chart of FIG. The impedance after the addition is a point of 57, but when the matching is shifted, finally, the capacitors 12, 14 and the coil 13 are finely adjusted by the CPU based on the information from the matching sensor output signal 8.
１ 送信機
２ 整合器
３ アンテナ
４ ＰＡ（ＰＯＷＥＲ ＡＭＰ）
５ ＣＰＵ
６ ユニット間制御信号
７ 整合センサ
８ 整合センサ出力信号
９ 各コイル・コンデンサのＯＮ／ＯＦＦ信号
１０ ＣＰＵ
１１ メモリ
１２ コンデンサ
１３ コイル
１４ コンデンサ
２１ アンテナ電流センサ出力
２２ アンテナ電流センサ
1 Transmitter
2 Matching device 3 Antenna 4 PA (POWER AMP)
5 CPU
6 Inter-unit control signal 7 Matching sensor 8 Matching sensor output signal 9 ON / OFF signal for each coil / capacitor 10 CPU
11 Memory 12 Capacitor 13 Coil 14 Capacitor 21 Antenna Current Sensor Output 22 Antenna Current Sensor
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| JP2010176507A JP5657945B2 (en) | 2010-08-05 | 2010-08-05 | Antenna tuning circuit |
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| JP2010176507A JP5657945B2 (en) | 2010-08-05 | 2010-08-05 | Antenna tuning circuit |
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| JP2012039309A JP2012039309A (en) | 2012-02-23 |
| JP5657945B2 true JP5657945B2 (en) | 2015-01-21 |
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| FR3004604B1 (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2016-12-09 | Tekcem | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR AUTOMATICALLY TUNING AN IMPEDANCE MATRIX, AND RADIO TRANSMITTER USING THE APPARATUS |
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