JP5581134B2 - Water battery - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a water battery that generates electricity by injecting water, and more particularly to a relatively thin water battery.

  Conventionally, water batteries that generate electricity by injecting water are known. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a metal negative electrode outer cylinder that forms the outer shape of a water battery, a positive electrode active material made of activated carbon, a rod-shaped positive electrode current collector inserted into the positive electrode active material, and water. A water battery including a water absorbing member for supplying a positive electrode active material to a positive electrode active material is disclosed.

Utility model registration No.3112869

    In the water battery disclosed in Patent Document 1, water injected from the water inlet formed in the bottom surface of the cylindrical negative electrode outer cylinder into the negative electrode outer cylinder penetrates the positive electrode active material through the absorbing member. By generating an electromotive force between both electrodes, a required current can be generated for a certain period of time.

  An object of the present invention is to improve a water battery in the prior art, and to provide a relatively thin and small water battery that can generate a predetermined electromotive force by supplying a small amount of moisture.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention is directed to a vertical direction and a horizontal direction, a positive electrode plate having a positive terminal, a negative electrode plate having a negative terminal, the positive electrode plate, and the negative electrode. in between the plate indirectly a water battery comprising abutting the positive electrode active material.

The present invention is characterized in that it further includes an electrically insulating and water-permeable outer sheet, both outer surfaces of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are encapsulated by the outer sheet, and the positive electrode plate A layer of an electrical insulator is interposed between the negative electrode plate, the positive electrode plate has a main body portion connected to the positive electrode terminal, and the negative electrode plate has a frame-shaped main body portion connected to the negative electrode terminal. The frame-shaped main body portion of the negative electrode plate has an arrangement space surrounded by an inner periphery thereof, and the main body portion of the positive electrode plate is arranged in the arrangement space.

  In another embodiment of the present invention, the negative electrode plate has a notch, and the positive terminal of the positive electrode plate extends in the longitudinal direction from the notch.

  In another embodiment of the present invention, a pair of inner end portions that form the notches of the negative electrode plate and are spaced apart from each other in the lateral direction are connected to the main body portion of the positive electrode plate and the They are spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction.

  In another embodiment of the present invention, the outer sheet has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the positive electrode plate, the negative electrode plate, and the positive electrode active material are respectively in the lateral direction. The positive electrode plate and the positive electrode plate are disposed on the first surface of the outer sheet at a given distance, and by folding the outer sheet along a plurality of folding lines extending in the longitudinal direction of the outer sheet. The positive electrode active material is in contact with and overlapped with each other, and the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode plate are overlapped via a part of the outer sheet, and the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are thick. It is wrapped in the outer sheet without overlapping each other in the direction.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the frame-shaped main body portion of the negative electrode plate has a circular ring shape, and the arrangement space defined by the inner periphery of the frame-shaped main body portion includes the The main body portion having a circular shape of the positive electrode plate is disposed, and both outer surfaces of the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate are encapsulated by the circular outer sheet.

  According to the water battery of the present invention, since the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate are encapsulated in the outer sheet without overlapping each other, both the electrode plates are positioned in substantially the same plane, and they are attached to each other. The thickness can be made thinner than when the layers are stacked one on top of the other.

The perspective view of the water battery in a 1st embodiment of the present invention. The expanded view of the water battery of FIG. The top view which shows the arrangement | positioning relationship between a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate. IV-IV sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The VV sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The partially broken top view of the water battery in 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The top view which shows the arrangement | positioning relationship between the positive electrode and negative electrode in 2nd Embodiment.

<First Embodiment>
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the water battery 10 includes a longitudinal direction Y and a lateral direction X, an outer packaging sheet 11, a positive electrode plate 12 for collecting charges encapsulated in the outer packaging sheet 11, and a negative electrode plate 13. And a positive electrode active material 14 in contact with the positive electrode plate 12 in the outer sheet 11. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the positive electrode plate 12, the negative electrode plate 13, and the positive electrode active material 14 are encapsulated in a state of being laminated on the outer sheet 11.

  The water battery 10 is defined by first and second side edges 16 and 17 that extend in parallel to each other in the vertical direction Y, and first and second open end portions 18 and 19 that are spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction Y. The positive electrode terminal 12a of the positive electrode plate 12 protrudes outward in the vertical direction Y from a substantially central portion in the lateral direction X of the first opening end 18 and the first opening end 18 The negative terminal 13 a of the negative electrode plate 13 protrudes outward in the vertical direction Y from the first side edge 16 side. In addition, as long as the predetermined | prescribed water | moisture content required for electric power generation is absorbed from the envelope sheet 11, the 1st and 2nd opening edge parts 18 and 19 may be sealed by the adhesive agent or the heat seal process, and the envelope sheet 11 It is preferable that at least one of the first and second opening end portions 18 and 19 is sealed in order to prevent the component members encapsulated from falling off. Moreover, in this embodiment, although the positive electrode terminal 12a and the negative electrode terminal 13a have the shape which protrudes outward of the vertical direction Y, the shape located in the outer sheet | seat 11 may be sufficient as the whole. In addition, the main body of the positive electrode plate 12 and the main body of the negative electrode plate 13 positioned in the outer sheet 11 may have the roles of the positive and negative terminals 12a and 13a, respectively.

  The envelope sheet 11 is made of an electrically insulating and liquid-permeable sheet material, and is formed of, for example, a water-permeable fiber nonwoven fabric or a porous plastic film. The outer sheet 11 absorbs moisture required for power generation and plays a role as a separator for avoiding contact between the positive electrode plate 12 and the negative electrode plate 13.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the envelope sheet 11 has a first surface 21A and a second surface 21B, and first and second edges extending in the longitudinal direction Y so as to be opposed to each other in the lateral direction X in the expanded state. 22 and 23, and a substantially rectangular shape defined by first and second side edges 24 and 25 extending in the lateral direction X so as to be spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction Y. Between the end edges 23, first to third folding lines 26, 27, and 28 extending in the longitudinal direction Y are formed.

  The outer sheet 11 is divided into four sections in the lateral direction X by first and second end edges 22 and 23 and first to third folding lines 26, 27 and 28. Specifically, the first section 30 defined between the first edge 22 and the first folding line 26 and the first section 30 defined between the first folding line 26 and the second folding line 27 are defined. A second section 31, a third section 32 defined between the second folding line 27 and the third folding line 28, and a third section defined between the third folding line 28 and the second side edge 23. It is divided into four zones 34. The first to third areas 30, 31, and 32 have substantially uniform width dimensions in the lateral direction X. The fourth area 34 is narrower than the first to third areas 30, 31, and 32, and has a small width dimension in the horizontal direction X, and is bonded to the first surface 21 </ b> A in the vertical direction Y. An adhesive region 35 is formed by intermittently applying the agent. In addition, as long as it does not inhibit the water | moisture content osmose | permeating the inside of the water battery 10, the adhesion area 35 may be joined not by an adhesive agent but by heat seal processing.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the positive electrode plate 12 is a convex thin plate disposed in the first region 30 of the outer sheet 11, and has a relatively high conductivity and a low ionization tendency, and is electrochemical. It is made of a relatively stable metal such as nickel, copper, silver or an alloy mainly composed of these metals. The positive electrode plate 12 includes a main body 36 and a positive terminal 12 a that is narrower than the main body 36 and extends outward from the main body 36 in the vertical direction Y. A step 37 is formed between the main body portion 36 and the positive electrode terminal 12a.

  The negative electrode plate 13 is a concave thin plate disposed in the third region 32 of the outer sheet 11, and is an electrode active material having a relatively high ionization and / or oxidation tendency, such as metal magnesium, aluminum, zinc, etc. Or the alloy containing at least 2 or more types of them is made. The negative electrode plate 13 includes a frame-like main body portion 40 having a notch 39 located on the first side edge 24 side, and a negative electrode terminal 13a that is continuous with the frame-like main body portion 40 and extends outward in the longitudinal direction Y from the first side edge 24. And have. The cutout 39 of the frame-shaped main body 40 is formed by a pair of inner end portions 41a and 41b that are separated from each other in the lateral direction X. The central portion of the frame-shaped main body 40 is surrounded by the inner edge 40a. A substantially rectangular arrangement space 42 is defined. The negative electrode plate 13 is thicker than the positive electrode plate 12 so as to cause a required oxidation-reduction reaction. Specifically, the negative electrode plate 13 is approximately 1.1 to 1.5 times thicker than the positive electrode plate 12. have.

  The positive electrode active material 14 is a powder that is fixed to the first surface 21A of the second area 31 of the outer sheet 11 via an adhesive applied in a spray form, and has a relatively strong oxidizing power, For example, it is made from a mixture of activated carbon, manganese dioxide, iron oxide, crystalline silver oxide and the like, and the type and mixing ratio of the mixture can be freely set according to the required oxidizing power. In addition, in order to form a relatively thin water battery 10 as a whole, a plurality of types of materials used for activated carbon or processed ones may be used to enable generation of required electromotive force in a small amount. It can also be used. In the present invention, the positive electrode active material 14 is in a powder form, but various powders such as activated carbon may be formed into a sheet shape and fixed to the second area 31 with an adhesive.

  As shown in FIG. 3, in the assembled state of the water battery 10, the positive electrode plate 12 is arranged in a state surrounded by the negative electrode plate 13 through the outer sheet 11. Specifically, the main body portion 36 of the positive electrode plate 12 is disposed in an arrangement space 42 defined by the inner edge 40 a of the frame-shaped main body portion 40 of the negative electrode plate 13. The positive electrode terminal 12a of the positive electrode plate 12 protrudes from the negative electrode terminal 13a of the negative electrode plate 13 so as to be substantially aligned in the lateral direction X. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the positive electrode plate 12 and the negative electrode plate 13 do not overlap each other in the thickness direction of the water battery, so that the positive electrode plate 12 and the negative electrode plate 13 are almost the same. A thinner water battery 10 located on a plane can be obtained.

  Further, the inner end portions 41a and 41b of the frame-shaped main body portion 40 of the negative electrode plate 13 and the step 37 of the positive electrode plate 12 are spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction Y on substantially the same plane. Therefore, even if the positive electrode plate 12 is displaced to the first opening end 18 side in the state where the second opening end 19 is sealed, the movement is restricted by the frame-shaped main body 40. There is no possibility that the positive electrode plate 12 is largely displaced in the outer sheet 11 and rises up to the negative electrode plate 13 or the main body 36 is exposed to the outside of the outer sheet 11.

<Assembly procedure of water battery 10>
In order to change the water battery 10 from the unfolded state shown in FIG. 2 to the assembled state shown in FIG. 1, first, the first area 30 of the outer sheet 11 along the first folding line 26 (the positive electrode plate 12 is the first). When not fixed to the area 30, the assembler bends the first surface 21A of the second area 31 while holding the outer sheet 11 and the positive electrode plate 12 with a finger). The positive electrode active material 14 fixed to the first surface 21A and the positive electrode plate 12 are superposed in contact with each other.

  Next, the third area 32 is folded along the second folding line 27 toward the second surface 21B of the first area 30 in a state of being folded with the second area 31, and the first surface of the third area 32 is folded. 21A and the second surface 21B of the first section 30 are overlapped with each other in contact with each other. Finally, the first surface 21A of the fourth section 34 is bent toward the second surface 21B of the second section 31 along the third folding line 28 and is fixed through the adhesive region 35, whereby the water battery 10 Can be assembled. In order to facilitate such assembling operation, the positive electrode plate 12 may be folded over the first section 30 in a state where the positive electrode plate 12 is directly arranged at a required position on the positive electrode active material 14 in advance. In order to prevent displacement between the negative electrode plate 13 and the negative electrode plate 13, the whole or a part of them may be fixed via an adhesive applied intermittently.

  In the water battery 10 assembled in this manner, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the positive electrode plate 12 and the positive electrode material 14 are in contact with each other, and the positive electrode active material 14 is fixed. It is in indirect contact with the negative electrode plate 13 through the outer covering sheet 11. In the water battery 10 having such an aspect, when moisture penetrates into the inside from the second surface 21B and / or the first and second opening end portions 18 and 19 of the outer sheet 11, the first area 30 of the outer sheet 11 is formed. Moisture is diffused into the positive electrode active material 14 through the site to be defined, and the diffused moisture acts as an oxidation reaction catalyst to cause an ionization reaction between the electrode plates 12 and 13, thereby generating an electromotive force.

  Since the water battery 10 according to the present invention is encapsulated in a state in which each constituent material is laminated by the outer sheet 11, it is thinner, lighter and smaller than the conventional cylindrical water battery. Further, even when only a small amount of water is supplied to the water battery 10, water can be supplied and diffused to the positive electrode active material 14 through the outer sheet 11 interposed between the constituent materials. An electromotive force can be generated quickly.

  Examples of the present invention will be described below. In addition, a present Example is for making an understanding of invention easy to the last, and various conditions are not restrict | limited to an Example.

The water battery 10 of the present embodiment has a vertical dimension Y, that is, a length dimension of the first and second side edges 16 and 17 in the vertical direction Y of about 15 mm, and the first and second opening ends 18. , 19 in the transverse direction X is about 10 mm, and the thickness is about 0.4 mm. Furthermore, using the positive electrode plate 12 of the surface area of about 30 mm ^2, and the negative electrode plate 13 of the surface area of about 55 mm ^2, and a positive electrode active material 14 of about 0.05g obtained by mixing activated carbon with a predetermined ratio.

Under such conditions, when about 100 mg of water was infiltrated into the second surface 21B of the outer sheet 11, a current of about 15 mA flowed between the positive electrode terminal 12 a and the negative electrode terminal 13 a for 15 seconds. The positive electrode plate 12 and the negative electrode plate 13 preferably have a surface area of about 50 mm ² when 0.05 g or more of the positive electrode active material 14 is used. Moreover, in order to generate the electric current of a required magnitude | size, the magnitude | size and shape of the surface area of the positive electrode plate 12 and the negative electrode plate 13 can be variously changed. In particular, when a current of 5 mA or less is generated, the surface area of the positive electrode plate 12 and the negative electrode plate 13 can be further reduced, and the size of the water battery 10 can be further reduced by reducing the overall size of the water battery 10. be able to.

  In addition to the present embodiment, in a state where the positive electrode plate 12, the positive electrode active material 14, and the negative electrode plate 13 are stacked, the outer sheet 11 is separated from the positive electrode active material 14 and the negative electrode plate 13. Formed by interposing an electrical insulator layer composed of a sheet member and encapsulating them with an enveloping sheet 11, that is, if having the cross-sectional structure shown in FIG. It does not have to be.

Second Embodiment
FIG. 6 is a partially broken plan view of the water battery 10 in the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the positional relationship between the positive electrode plate 12 and the negative electrode plate 13 in the second embodiment. is there. Since the basic configuration of the water battery 10 in the present embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, only differences will be described below.

  The water battery 10 in the present embodiment has a substantially circular shape, and has a circular outer packaging sheet 11 forming the outer shape thereof, a part of the outer packaging sheet 11 or a separate liquid-permeable and electrically insulating material. It includes a positive electrode plate 12 and a negative electrode plate 13 stacked in the outer sheet 11 via a separator 45 made of a sheet member.

  The positive electrode plate 12 has a main body portion 36 having a substantially circular shape, and a positive electrode terminal 12 a extending from the main body portion 36 extends outward in the longitudinal direction Y from the opening end portion 18 of the outer sheet 11. A positive electrode active material 14 fixed via an adhesive is disposed on the inner surface of the outer sheet 11 that faces the positive electrode plate 12.

  The negative electrode plate 13 is a substantially circular ring disposed so as to surround the positive electrode plate 12, and the negative electrode terminal 13a extends from the side of the positive electrode terminal 12a outward in the vertical direction Y. The main body 36 of the positive electrode plate 12 is disposed in the arrangement space 42 defined in the inner peripheral edge 40 a of the frame-shaped main body 40.

  In the water battery 10 according to the present embodiment, the positive electrode plate 12 and the negative electrode plate 13 are positioned in substantially the same plane as in the first embodiment, so that they are stacked in the thickness direction of the water battery 10. It can be made thinner than when encased in the outer packaging sheet 11 in the state of being. Further, since the entire main body portion 36 of the positive electrode plate 12 is surrounded by the frame-shaped main body portion 40 of the negative electrode plate 13, its movement is restricted, and the positive electrode plate is used during transportation or use of the water battery. There is no possibility that 12 is greatly displaced.

  Furthermore, since the water battery 10 has a circular shape, even when it is used while being in contact with the user's skin via a fixing tape or the like, the skin is stimulated to become irritated or uncomfortable. It is not. That is, the water battery 10 of the present invention can be used in various fields as long as the function is exhibited. For example, the water battery 10 is arranged together with a micro device having a sensor function inside a disposable diaper, When the discharged urine penetrates into the outer sheet 11, the water battery 10 generates power and activates the sensor function, or the water battery is disposed in a limited space where the humidity changes, and the space becomes a predetermined humidity or higher. When it reaches, it can be used to absorb the generated water and generate power by the water battery to activate the sensor function. Furthermore, in a medical field etc., in order to detect at an early stage the leakage of infusion liquid at the time of infusion and the leakage of blood at the time of blood collection, the water battery 10 is disposed on the inner surface or outer surface of the medical fixing tape or adhesive bandage and leaked. These liquids can be used as a tool to prevent such medical accidents by generating electricity using the electromotive force as a catalyst and transmitting a signal using an accompanying sensor device using the electromotive force.

  In addition, as each member which comprises the water battery 10, the material used for this kind of goods other than the said material can be used without a restriction | limiting. Further, the shape of the water battery 10 is not limited to the shape of the first and second embodiments, and has various known shapes such as a flat shape and an elliptical shape as long as a required electromotive force is generated. May be. Moreover, although not shown in figure, the electromotive force of several times-several hundred times can also be produced rather than the electromotive force by one water battery 10 by laminating | stacking the water battery 10 which concerns on this invention in parallel. .

10 water battery 11 outer sheet 12 positive electrode plate 12a positive electrode terminal 13 negative electrode plate 13a negative electrode terminal 14 positive electrode active material 21A first surface 21B of outer sheet second surface 16 of outer sheet 16 first side edge 17 second side edge 26 second 1st folding line 27 2nd folding line 36 Main body part 39 of the positive electrode plate Notch 40 Frame-like main body part 40a of the negative electrode plate Inner peripheral edge 41a, 41b Inner end part 42 Arrangement space X Horizontal direction Y Vertical direction

Claims (5)

The longitudinal and transverse directions, and the positive electrode plate having a positive terminal, the negative electrode and the electrode plate, the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate and indirectly water cell comprising a contacting a cathode active material having a negative terminal ,
Further comprising an electrically insulating and water permeable outer sheet,
Both outer surfaces of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are encapsulated by the outer sheet,
A layer of an electrical insulator is interposed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate;
The positive electrode plate has a main body portion continuous with the positive electrode terminal, the negative electrode plate has a frame-shaped main body portion continuous with the negative electrode terminal;
The water battery in which the frame-shaped main body portion of the negative electrode plate has an arrangement space surrounded by an inner periphery thereof, and the main body portion of the positive electrode plate is arranged in the arrangement space.   The water battery according to claim 1, wherein the negative electrode plate has a notch, and the positive terminal of the positive electrode plate extends from the notch in the vertical direction. Wherein the notch of the negative electrode plate to form, and a pair of inner end portions away facing each other in the transverse direction, spaced apart opposite to that claimed in claim 2, wherein in said longitudinal direction and said body portion of the positive electrode plate Water battery. The outer sheet has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the positive electrode plate, the negative electrode plate, and the positive electrode active material are spaced apart from each other by a given dimension in the lateral direction. The positive electrode plate and the positive electrode active material are in contact with each other and overlap each other by bending the outer sheet along a plurality of folding lines extending in the longitudinal direction of the outer sheet. The positive electrode active material and the negative electrode plate are overlapped via a part of the outer sheet, and the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are encapsulated in the outer sheet without overlapping each other in the thickness direction. The water battery according to claim 2 or 3, wherein The frame-shaped main body portion of the negative electrode plate has a circular ring shape, and the main body portion having the circular shape of the positive electrode plate is disposed in the arrangement space defined by the inner peripheral edge of the frame-shaped main body portion. The water battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the water battery is disposed, and both outer surfaces of the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate are encapsulated by the outer package sheet having a circular shape .

Images