JP5498178B2 - Method for controlling unmanned mobile body and unmanned mobile body - Google Patents

Method for controlling unmanned mobile body and unmanned mobile body Download PDF

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JP5498178B2
JP5498178B2 JP2010010859A JP2010010859A JP5498178B2 JP 5498178 B2 JP5498178 B2 JP 5498178B2 JP 2010010859 A JP2010010859 A JP 2010010859A JP 2010010859 A JP2010010859 A JP 2010010859A JP 5498178 B2 JP5498178 B2 JP 5498178B2
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浩明 齋藤
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IHI Corp
IHI Aerospace Co Ltd
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本発明は、例えば、自律移動可能な無人移動体を遠隔操縦する際に支援用として用いるのに好適な無人移動体の制御方法及び無人移動体に関するものである。   The present invention relates to an unmanned moving object control method and an unmanned moving object suitable for use as, for example, a support for remotely maneuvering an unmanned moving object capable of autonomous movement.

従来、上記したような自律移動可能な無人移動体としては、例えば、特許文献1に記載されたものがある。
この無人移動体は、自律走行手段と遠隔操縦手段とを併せ持ち、自律走行モードと遠隔操縦モードとを切換え可能となっていて、その自律走行モードにおいて走行路上に障害物を発見すると、移動を停止しつつ複数の回避経路を作成すると共に遠隔操縦側にこれらの回避経路を提示するようになっている。
そして、遠隔操縦側又は無人移動体自身でいずれか一つの回避経路を選択して、自律走行モードで障害物を回避するようになっている。
Conventionally, as an above-mentioned unmanned mobile body which can move autonomously, there exists a thing indicated in patent documents 1, for example.
This unmanned vehicle has both autonomous travel means and remote control means, and can switch between autonomous travel mode and remote control mode, and stops moving when an obstacle is found on the travel path in the autonomous travel mode. However, a plurality of avoidance routes are created and these avoidance routes are presented to the remote control side.
And any one avoidance path | route is selected by the remote control side or the unmanned mobile body itself, and an obstacle is avoided in autonomous driving mode.

特開2007-310698号JP 2007-310698

ところが、上記した無人移動体において、走行路上に障害物を発見した場合には、回避経路に移るまでに一旦停止しなくてはならないことから、連続して高速走行することができないという問題があり、この問題を解決することが従来の課題となっていた。   However, in the above-mentioned unmanned moving body, when an obstacle is found on the travel route, it must stop once before moving to the avoidance route, and therefore there is a problem that it cannot continuously travel at high speed. Therefore, solving this problem has been a conventional problem.

本発明は、上記した従来の課題に着目してなされたもので、自律移動可能な無人移動体を遠隔操縦するに際して、一旦停止させたり大幅に減速させたりすることなく、無人移動体に障害物の回避動作や交差点での進路変更を安全に行わせることが可能である無人移動体の制御方法及び無人移動体を提供することを目的としている。   The present invention has been made paying attention to the above-mentioned conventional problems, and when remotely maneuvering an unmanned mobile body capable of autonomous movement, the unmanned mobile body is obstructed without being temporarily stopped or greatly decelerated. It is an object of the present invention to provide an unmanned moving object control method and an unmanned moving object capable of safely performing the avoidance operation and the course change at the intersection.

本発明の請求項1に係る発明は、測距データに基づいて作成した移動経路上を自律して移動する自律移動及び遠隔操縦装置による遠隔操縦移動のいずれの移動も可能な無人移動体の制御方法であって、前記無人移動体の自律移動中に前記遠隔操縦装置から新規操舵指令及び新規速度指令を得た時点で、この時点における前記新規操舵指令に基づく新規移動経路上で且つ現在速度及び前記新規速度のうちの大きい方の移動速度に対応する制動距離内に障害物が有るか否かを判定し、前記新規移動経路上に障害物が有ると判定した場合には、前記新規移動経路の横に障害物回避経路を設定すると共に該障害物回避経路上の障害物の有無を判定し、以降、障害物のない障害物回避経路が設定されるまで、障害物回避経路の設定及び該障害物回避経路上の障害物の有無判定を繰り返し、前記障害物回避経路の設定及び該障害物回避経路上の障害物の有無判定を繰り返し行っている間に、前記新規操舵指令による軌道が前記無人移動体の前記移動速度での最小旋回半径以下又は前記無人移動体自身の最小旋回半径以下であると判定された場合には、無人移動体を停止させる構成としたことを特徴としており、この無人移動体の制御方法の構成を前述した従来の課題を解決するための手段としている。 The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is a control of an unmanned moving body capable of both an autonomous movement that moves autonomously on a movement route created based on distance measurement data and a remote control movement by a remote control device. When a new steering command and a new speed command are obtained from the remote control device during the autonomous movement of the unmanned mobile body, the current speed and the new speed on the new movement command based on the new steering command at this time are obtained. It is determined whether or not there is an obstacle within a braking distance corresponding to the larger moving speed of the new speeds, and when it is determined that there is an obstacle on the new moving path, the new moving path The obstacle avoidance route is set next to the obstacle avoidance route and the presence / absence of the obstacle on the obstacle avoidance route is determined. Thereafter, until the obstacle avoidance route without the obstacle is set, Obstacle avoidance route Repeatedly determining the presence or absence of an obstacle, and repeatedly setting the obstacle avoidance route and determining whether or not there is an obstacle on the obstacle avoidance route, The unmanned moving body is configured to stop when it is determined that the turning speed is less than the minimum turning radius or less than the minimum turning radius of the unmanned moving body itself. The configuration of the method is a means for solving the above-described conventional problems.

また、本発明の請求項2に係る無人移動体の制御方法において、前記新規移動経路上に障害物が有ると判定した場合には、前記新規移動経路の両側に障害物回避経路を設定すると共に該障害物回避経路上の障害物の有無をそれぞれ判定し、前記新規移動経路の両側における障害物回避経路の双方に障害物が無いと判定した場合には、旋回半径の大きな方の障害物回避経路を選択し、前記新規移動経路の両側における障害物回避経路の双方に障害物が有ると判定した場合には、前記新規移動経路の両側における障害物回避経路の各外側に障害物回避経路を設定すると共に該障害物回避経路上の障害物の有無をそれぞれ判定し、以降、障害物のない障害物回避経路が設定されるまで、障害物回避経路の各外側への設定及び該障害物回避経路上の障害物の有無判定を繰り返す構成としている。   Moreover, in the control method of the unmanned mobile body according to claim 2 of the present invention, when it is determined that there is an obstacle on the new movement route, an obstacle avoidance route is set on both sides of the new movement route. If there is an obstacle on the obstacle avoidance route, and the obstacle avoidance route on both sides of the new moving route is judged to have no obstacle, the obstacle avoidance with the larger turning radius is avoided. When a route is selected and it is determined that there are obstacles on both of the obstacle avoidance routes on both sides of the new travel route, obstacle avoidance routes are placed outside the obstacle avoidance routes on both sides of the new travel route. Setting and determining the presence or absence of obstacles on the obstacle avoidance route, and then setting the obstacle avoidance route outside each obstacle and avoiding the obstacle until an obstacle avoidance route without an obstacle is set. Obstruction on the route It is configured to repeat the existence determination of the object.

さらに、本発明の請求項3に係る無人移動体の制御方法において、前記新規移動経路上に障害物が無いと判定した場合には、該新規移動経路上に速度が制限される凹凸や傾斜などの不整部位を抽出して、この抽出した不整部位の通過許容速度が前記現在速度及び前記新規速度のうちの大きい方の移動速度よりも小さい場合には、前記現在速度及び前記新規速度のうちの大きい方の移動速度の減速を開始させ、前記不整部位に到達するまでに前記移動速度を前記通過許容速度に減速し得ない場合には、前記新規移動経路の横に不整部位回避経路を設定すると共に該不整部位回避経路が前記不整部位にかかるか否かを判定し、以降、不整部位にかからない不整部位回避経路が設定されるまで、不整部位回避経路の設定及び該不整部位回避経路が不整部位にかかるか否かの判定を繰り返し、前記不整部位回避経路設定及び該不整部位回避経路が不整部位にかかるか否かの判定を繰り返し行っている間に、前記新規操舵指令による軌道が前記無人移動体の前記移動速度での最小旋回半径以下又は前記無人移動体自身の最小旋回半径以下であると判定された場合には、無人移動体を停止させる構成としている。 Furthermore, in the control method of the unmanned mobile body according to claim 3 of the present invention, when it is determined that there is no obstacle on the new movement route, unevenness or inclination that limits the speed on the new movement route And when the allowable passing speed of the extracted irregular portion is smaller than the larger moving speed of the current speed and the new speed, the current speed and the new speed are extracted. Start deceleration of the larger movement speed, and if the movement speed cannot be reduced to the passage allowable speed before reaching the irregular part, an irregular part avoidance path is set beside the new movement path At the same time, it is determined whether or not the irregular site avoidance route is applied to the irregular site. Thereafter, until the irregular site avoidance route that does not affect the irregular site is set, the irregular site avoidance route and the irregular site avoidance route are inadequate. Repeating such determining whether or not the site, while the setting and unmoving integer sites avoidance path of the irregular portion avoidance path is repeatedly determined whether such or not the irregular site, the track by the new steering command is the When it is determined that the unmanned moving body is less than the minimum turning radius at the moving speed or less than the minimum turning radius of the unmanned moving body itself , the unmanned moving body is stopped.

さらにまた、本発明の請求項4に係る無人移動体の制御方法において、前記不整部位に到達するまでに前記移動速度を前記通過許容速度に減速し得ない場合には、前記新規移動経路の両側に不整部位回避経路を設定すると共に該不整部位回避経路が不整部位にかかるか否かをそれぞれ判定し、前記新規移動経路の両側における不整部位回避経路の双方が不整部位にかからないと判定した場合には、旋回半径の大きな方の不整部位回避経路を選択し、前記新規移動経路の両側における不整部位回避経路の双方が不整部位にかかると判定した場合には、前記新規移動経路の両側における不整部位回避経路の各外側に不整部位回避経路を設定すると共に該不整部位回避経路が前記不整部位にかかるか否かをそれぞれ判定し、以降、不整部位にかからない不整部位回避経路が設定されるまで、不整部位回避経路の各外側への設定及び該不整部位回避経路が不整部位にかかるか否かの判定を繰り返す構成としている。   Furthermore, in the control method of the unmanned mobile body according to claim 4 of the present invention, when the movement speed cannot be reduced to the allowable passage speed before reaching the irregular portion, both sides of the new movement path are provided. And determining whether or not the irregular part avoidance route is applied to the irregular part, and determining that both of the irregular part avoidance paths on both sides of the new movement route do not apply to the irregular part. Selects an irregular part avoidance path having a larger turning radius and determines that both of the irregular part avoidance paths on both sides of the new movement path are applied to the irregular part, the irregular part on both sides of the new movement path. An irregular part avoidance path is set on each outer side of the avoidance path, and whether or not the irregular part avoidance path is applied to the irregular part is determined. Stay until irregular site avoidance path is set, set and said non integer sites avoidance path to each outer asymmetric sites avoidance path is configured to repeat such determine whether or not the irregular portion.

一方、本発明の請求項5に係る発明は、自律移動及び遠隔操縦装置による遠隔操縦移動のいずれの移動も可能な無人移動体であって、移動領域の測距データを取得する測距部と、この測距部で取得される測距データに基づいて移動経路を作成して、この移動経路上を自律して移動させるべく駆動操舵系に対して制御信号を出力する制御部を備え、前記制御部は、前記無人移動体の自律移動中に前記遠隔操縦装置から新規操舵指令及び新規速度指令を得た時点で、この時点における前記新規操舵指令に基づく新規移動経路上で且つ現在速度及び前記新規速度のうちの大きい方の移動速度に対応する制動距離内に障害物が有るか否かを判定し、前記新規移動経路上に障害物が有ると判定した場合には、前記新規移動経路の横に障害物回避経路を設定すると共に該障害物回避経路上の障害物の有無を判定し、以降、障害物のない障害物回避経路が設定されるまで障害物回避経路の設定及び該障害物回避経路上の障害物の有無判定を繰り返して、障害物のない障害物回避経路が設定された時点で該障害物回避経路上を移動させるべく駆動操舵系に対して制御信号を出力し、前記障害物回避経路の設定及び該障害物回避経路上の障害物の有無判定を繰り返し行っている間に、前記新規操舵指令による軌道が前記無人移動体の前記移動速度での最小旋回半径以下又は前記無人移動体自身の最小旋回半径以下であると判定された場合には、無人移動体を停止させるべく駆動操舵系に対して制御信号を出力する構成としたことを特徴としており、この無人移動体の構成を前述した従来の課題を解決するための手段としている。 On the other hand, the invention according to claim 5 of the present invention is an unmanned mobile body that is capable of both autonomous movement and remote control movement by a remote control device, and a distance measurement unit that acquires distance measurement data of a movement region; , to create a movement path based on the distance measurement data obtained by the distance measuring unit, Bei example a control unit for outputting a control signal to the drive steering system to move autonomously on the travel route, The control unit obtains a new steering command and a new speed command from the remote control device during the autonomous movement of the unmanned moving body, and on the new moving path based on the new steering command at this time and the current speed and It is determined whether or not there is an obstacle within a braking distance corresponding to the larger moving speed of the new speeds, and when it is determined that there is an obstacle on the new moving path, the new moving path Set an obstacle avoidance route next to And determining whether there is an obstacle on the obstacle avoidance route, and then setting the obstacle avoidance route and whether there is an obstacle on the obstacle avoidance route until an obstacle avoidance route without an obstacle is set. The determination is repeated, and when an obstacle avoidance route without an obstacle is set, a control signal is output to the drive steering system to move on the obstacle avoidance route, and the obstacle avoidance route is set and the obstacle avoidance route is set. While repeatedly determining whether there is an obstacle on the obstacle avoidance route, the trajectory according to the new steering command is less than the minimum turning radius at the moving speed of the unmanned moving body or the minimum turning radius of the unmanned moving body itself When it is determined that the following, the configuration is such that a control signal is output to the drive steering system in order to stop the unmanned moving body. Solve And a means for.

また、本発明の請求項6に係る無人移動体は、前記制御部において、前記新規移動経路上に障害物が有ると判定した場合には、前記新規移動経路の両側に障害物回避経路を設定すると共に該障害物回避経路上の障害物の有無をそれぞれ判定し、前記新規移動経路の両側における障害物回避経路の双方に障害物が無いと判定した場合には、旋回半径の大きな方の障害物回避経路を選択し、前記新規移動経路の両側における障害物回避経路の双方に障害物が有ると判定した場合には、前記新規移動経路の両側における障害物回避経路の各外側に障害物回避経路を設定すると共に該障害物回避経路上の障害物の有無をそれぞれ判定し、以降、障害物のない障害物回避経路が設定されるまで、障害物回避経路の各外側への設定及び該障害物回避経路上の障害物の有無判定を繰り返して、障害物のない障害物回避経路が設定された時点で該障害物回避経路上を移動させるべく駆動操舵系に対して制御信号を出力する構成としている。   In the unmanned moving body according to claim 6 of the present invention, when the control unit determines that there is an obstacle on the new movement route, an obstacle avoidance route is set on both sides of the new movement route. And determining whether there is an obstacle on the obstacle avoidance route, and if it is determined that there are no obstacles on both sides of the new movement route, the obstacle with the larger turning radius is determined. When an obstacle avoidance route is selected and it is determined that there are obstacles on both sides of the obstacle moving path on both sides of the new moving route, obstacle avoiding on each outside of the obstacle avoiding route on both sides of the new moving route The route is set and the presence / absence of an obstacle on the obstacle avoidance route is determined, and thereafter, the obstacle avoidance route is set to the outside and the obstacle is set until an obstacle avoidance route without an obstacle is set. On the object avoidance route Repeat existence determination of the obstacle, and configured to output a control signal to drive the steering system to move the upper said obstacle avoidance path when no obstacle avoidance path obstacle has been set.

さらに、本発明の請求項7に係る無人移動体は、前記制御部において、前記新規移動経路上に障害物が無いと判定した場合には、該新規移動経路上に速度が制限される凹凸や傾斜などの不整部位を抽出して、この抽出した不整部位の通過許容速度が前記現在速度及び前記新規速度のうちの大きい方の移動速度よりも小さい場合には、前記現在速度及び前記新規速度のうちの大きい方の移動速度の減速を開始させるべく制御信号を出力し、前記不整部位に到達するまでに前記移動速度を前記通過許容速度に減速し得ない場合には、前記新規移動経路の横に不整部位回避経路を設定すると共に該不整部位回避経路が前記不整部位にかかるか否かを判定し、以降、不整部位にかからない不整部位回避経路が設定されるまで、不整部位回避経路の設定及び該不整部位回避経路が不整部位にかかるか否かの判定を繰り返して、不整部位にかからない不整部位回避経路が設定された時点で該不整部位回避経路上を移動させるべく駆動操舵系に対して制御信号を出力し、前記不整部位回避経路設定及び該不整部位回避経路が不整部位にかかるか否かの判定を繰り返し行っている間に、前記新規操舵指令による軌道が前記無人移動体の前記移動速度での最小旋回半径以下又は前記無人移動体自身の最小旋回半径以下であると判定された場合には、無人移動体を停止させるべく駆動操舵系に対して制御信号を出力する構成としている。 Furthermore, in the unmanned mobile body according to claim 7 of the present invention, when the control unit determines that there is no obstacle on the new movement route, the unmanned moving body on which the speed is restricted on the new movement route When an irregular portion such as an inclination is extracted and the allowable passing speed of the extracted irregular portion is smaller than the larger moving speed of the current speed and the new speed, the current speed and the new speed are When a control signal is output to start deceleration of the larger one of the movement speeds, and the movement speed cannot be reduced to the allowable passage speed before reaching the irregular portion, the side of the new movement path is And determines whether or not the irregular site avoidance route is applied to the irregular site, and thereafter sets the irregular site avoidance route until an irregular site avoidance route that does not affect the irregular site is set. And repeatedly determining whether or not the irregular part avoidance path is applied to the irregular part, and when the irregular part avoidance path that does not affect the irregular part is set, the drive steering system is moved to move on the irregular part avoidance path. While outputting the control signal and repeatedly performing the setting of the irregular site avoidance path and the determination of whether the irregular site avoidance route is applied to the irregular site, the trajectory by the new steering command is When it is determined that it is less than the minimum turning radius at the moving speed or less than the minimum turning radius of the unmanned moving body itself, a control signal is output to the drive steering system to stop the unmanned moving body. .

さらにまた、本発明の請求項8に係る無人移動体は、前記制御部において、前記新規移動経路上に障害物が無いと判定した場合には、前記新規移動経路の両側に不整部位回避経路を設定すると共に該不整部位回避経路が不整部位にかかるか否かをそれぞれ判定し、前記新規移動経路の両側における不整部位回避経路の双方が不整部位にかからないと判定した場合には、旋回半径の大きな方の不整部位回避経路を選択し、前記新規移動経路の両側における不整部位回避経路の双方が不整部位にかかると判定した場合には、前記新規移動経路の両側における不整部位回避経路の各外側に不整部位回避経路を設定すると共に該不整部位回避経路が前記不整部位にかかるか否かをそれぞれ判定し、以降、不整部位にかからない不整部位回避経路が設定されるまで、不整部位回避経路の各外側への設定及び該不整部位回避経路が不整部位にかかるか否かの判定を繰り返して、不整部位にかからない不整部位回避経路が設定された時点で該不整部位回避経路上を移動させるべく駆動操舵系に対して制御信号を出力する構成としている。   Furthermore, the unmanned mobile body according to claim 8 of the present invention, when the control unit determines that there are no obstacles on the new movement route, an irregular site avoidance route is provided on both sides of the new movement route. And determining whether or not the irregular part avoidance route is applied to the irregular part, and if it is determined that both of the irregular part avoidance paths on both sides of the new movement route do not apply to the irregular part, the turning radius is large. If one of the irregular part avoidance paths is selected and it is determined that both of the irregular part avoidance paths on both sides of the new movement path are applied to the irregular part, each of the irregular movement avoidance paths on both sides of the new movement path Set an irregular part avoidance path and determine whether or not the irregular part avoidance path is applied to the irregular part. Thereafter, an irregular part avoidance path that does not affect the irregular part is set. Until an irregular site avoidance route that does not apply to the irregular site is set by repeating the setting of the irregular site avoidance route to the outside and the determination of whether or not the irregular site avoidance route is applied to the irregular site. A control signal is output to the drive steering system so as to move on the avoidance route.

本発明に係る無人移動体の制御方法及び無人移動体において、新規移動経路や障害物回避経路や不整部位回避経路は、無人移動体の幅を考慮して設定される。   In the unmanned moving body control method and the unmanned moving body according to the present invention, the new moving path, the obstacle avoidance path, and the irregular part avoidance path are set in consideration of the width of the unmanned moving body.

また、本発明に係る無人移動体の制御方法及び無人移動体において、移動領域の測距データを取得する測距部としては、例えば、水平ラインスキャンタイプの1軸レーザレンジファインダが少なくとも一組あれば事足りるが、断面的な勾配データしか得ることができないデメリットを補うべく、ステレオカメラを使用したり、垂直ラインスキャンタイプなどの水平とは異なる方向のラインスキャンタイプの1軸レーザレンジファインダを少なくとも一組使用したりすることが望ましい。
そして、移動経路を作成するうえで必要な刻々変化する自己位置を求める手段としては、例えば、GPSや、IMU(慣性計測装置)やデッドレコニングを用いることができる。
In the unmanned mobile object control method and the unmanned mobile object according to the present invention, for example, at least one set of a horizontal line scan type single-axis laser range finder is used as a distance measuring unit that acquires distance measurement data of the moving region. In order to compensate for the disadvantage that only cross-sectional gradient data can be obtained, a stereo camera or a line scan type single-axis laser range finder in a direction different from the horizontal such as a vertical line scan type is used. It is desirable to use a pair.
For example, GPS, IMU (Inertial Measurement Device), or dead reckoning can be used as means for obtaining the self-position that changes every moment necessary for creating the movement route.

さらに、本発明に係る無人移動体の制御方法及び無人移動体において、無人移動体が無人車両である場合、新規移動経路上で抽出される凹凸や傾斜などの不整部位の通過許容速度は、測距部で計測される路面の凹凸情報や傾斜情報と車両の仕様(タイヤサイズ、トレッド、ホイルベース、最低地上高)とにより規定される。   Further, in the unmanned mobile object control method and the unmanned mobile object according to the present invention, when the unmanned mobile object is an unmanned vehicle, the allowable passing speed of irregular parts such as unevenness and inclination extracted on the new movement route is measured. It is defined by road surface unevenness information and inclination information measured at the distance and vehicle specifications (tire size, tread, wheel base, minimum ground clearance).

本発明に係る無人移動体の制御方法及び無人移動体において、無人移動体がその移動中に、例えば、遠隔操縦装置から新規操舵指令及び新規速度指令を受信すると、この時点で新規操舵指令に基づいて作成される新規移動経路上で且つ現在速度及び新規速度のうちの大きい方の移動速度に対応する制動距離内に障害物が有るか否かを判定する。   In the unmanned moving body control method and the unmanned moving body according to the present invention, when the unmanned moving body receives the new steering command and the new speed command from, for example, the remote control device while the unmanned moving body is moving, at this time, based on the new steering command. It is determined whether there is an obstacle on the new travel route created in this way and within the braking distance corresponding to the greater one of the current speed and the new speed.

そして、新規移動経路上に障害物が有ると判定した場合には、新規移動経路の横にさらに新たな障害物回避経路を設定すると共にこの障害物回避経路上の障害物の有無を判定し、より具体的には、新規移動経路の両側に障害物回避経路を設定すると共に該障害物回避経路上の障害物の有無をそれぞれ判定し、これらの障害物回避経路の双方に障害物が無いと判定した場合には、旋回半径の大きな方の障害物回避経路を選択する。   If it is determined that there is an obstacle on the new movement route, a new obstacle avoidance route is set next to the new movement route, and the presence / absence of an obstacle on the obstacle avoidance route is determined, More specifically, an obstacle avoidance route is set on both sides of the new movement route, and the presence / absence of an obstacle on the obstacle avoidance route is determined, respectively, and there is no obstacle on both of these obstacle avoidance routes. If it is determined, the obstacle avoidance route with the larger turning radius is selected.

また、これらの障害物回避経路の双方に障害物が有ると判定した場合には、各々の外側に障害物回避経路を新たに設定すると共に該障害物回避経路上の障害物の有無をそれぞれ判定し、これらの処理を障害物のない障害物回避経路を設定することができるまで繰り返し行い、上記処理を繰り返し行っている間に、新規操舵指令による軌道が無人移動体の移動速度での最小旋回半径以下又は無人移動体自身の最小旋回半径以下であると判定された場合には、無人移動体を停止させる。 If it is determined that there are obstacles on both of these obstacle avoidance routes, a new obstacle avoidance route is set outside each of the obstacle avoidance routes, and the presence or absence of an obstacle on the obstacle avoidance route is determined. These processes are repeated until an obstacle avoidance path with no obstacles can be set. While the above process is repeated , the trajectory based on the new steering command is the minimum turn at the moving speed of the unmanned moving body. If it is determined that it is less than the radius or less than the minimum turning radius of the unmanned moving body itself , the unmanned moving body is stopped.

つまり、自律移動可能な無人移動体を遠隔操縦するに際して、新たな操舵指令に基づく新規移動経路上に障害物があったとしても、無人移動体が移動を継続しつつ自律して障害物のない障害物回避経路を設定することとなり、すなわち、無人移動体側が操作者による遠隔操縦を支援して動作することとなり、その結果、一旦停止させたり大幅に減速させたりすることなく、無人移動体に障害物の回避動作や交差点での進路変更を安全に行わせ得ることとなる。   In other words, when remotely maneuvering an unmanned mobile body that can move autonomously, even if there is an obstacle on a new movement route based on a new steering command, the unmanned mobile body continues autonomously moving and has no obstacle The obstacle avoidance route will be set, i.e., the unmanned mobile side will operate with support for remote control by the operator, and as a result, the unmanned mobile body will not be temporarily stopped or greatly decelerated. The obstacle avoidance operation and the course change at the intersection can be safely performed.

一方、本発明に係る無人移動体の制御方法及び無人移動体では、新規移動経路上に障害物が無いと判定した際に、該新規移動経路上にて抽出した凹凸や傾斜などの不整部位の通過許容速度が現在速度及び新規速度のうちの大きい方の移動速度よりも小さい場合には、減速を開始させ、不整部位に到達するまでに移動速度を通過許容速度に減速し得ない場合には、新規移動経路の横に不整部位回避経路を設定すると共に該不整部位回避経路が不整部位にかかるか否かを判定し、より具体的には、新規移動経路の両側に不整部位回避経路を設定すると共に該不整部位回避経路が不整部位にかかるか否かをそれぞれ判定し、これらの不整部位回避経路の双方が不整部位にかからないと判定した場合には、旋回半径の大きな方の不整部位回避経路を選択する。   On the other hand, in the unmanned moving body control method and the unmanned moving body according to the present invention, when it is determined that there is no obstacle on the new moving path, irregularities such as irregularities and inclinations extracted on the new moving path are detected. When the passage allowable speed is smaller than the larger one of the current speed and the new speed, deceleration is started, and when the movement speed cannot be reduced to the passage allowable speed before reaching the irregular part In addition, an irregular part avoidance path is set next to the new movement path, and it is determined whether or not the irregular part avoidance path is applied to the irregular part. More specifically, an irregular part avoidance path is set on both sides of the new movement path. In addition, when it is determined whether or not the irregular site avoidance path is applied to the irregular site, and it is determined that both of these irregular site avoidance routes do not apply to the irregular site, the irregular site avoidance path having the larger turning radius is determined. Select To.

また、これらの不整部位回避経路の双方が不整部位にかかると判定した場合には、各々の外側に不整部位回避経路を新たに設定すると共に該不整部位回避経路が不整部位にかかるか否かをそれぞれ判定し、これらの処理を不整部位にかからない不整部位回避経路を設定できるまで繰り返し行い、上記処理を繰り返し行っている間に、新規操舵指令による軌道が無人移動体の移動速度での最小旋回半径以下又は無人移動体自身の最小旋回半径以下であると判定された場合には、無人移動体を停止させる。 In addition, when it is determined that both of these irregular site avoidance routes are applied to the irregular site, an irregular site avoidance route is newly set outside each of the irregular site avoidance routes and whether or not the irregular site avoidance route is applied to the irregular site is determined. Each of these processes is repeated, and these processes are repeated until an irregular part avoidance path that does not apply to the irregular part can be set. While the above process is repeated , the trajectory by the new steering command is the minimum turning radius at the moving speed of the unmanned mobile If it is determined below or less than the minimum turning radius of the unmanned moving body itself , the unmanned moving body is stopped.

このように、速度が制限される凹凸や傾斜などの不整部位を無人移動体が移動する場合において、移動経路の状況に応じた適切な速度で移動させ得ることとなり、その結果、整地は勿論のこと、速度調整が不可欠な不整地でも安全に移動させ得ることとなる。   In this way, when the unmanned moving body moves on irregular parts such as unevenness and inclination where the speed is limited, it can be moved at an appropriate speed according to the situation of the moving route, and as a result, the leveling is of course In other words, it can be safely moved even on rough terrain where speed adjustment is indispensable.

本発明の請求項1,2に係る無人移動体の制御方法及び請求項5,6に係る無人移動体では、上記した構成としているので、自律移動可能な無人移動体を遠隔操縦するに際して、一旦停止させたり大幅に減速させたりすることなく、無人移動体に障害物の回避動作や交差点での進路変更を安全に行わせることが可能であるという非常に優れた効果がもたらされる。
また、本発明の請求項3,4に係る無人移動体の制御方法及び請求項7,8に係る無人移動体では、上記した構成としているので、凹凸や傾斜などの不整部位を常に適切な速度で移動させることができ、その結果、高い安全性を確保することが可能であるという非常に優れた効果がもたらされる。
Since the control method of the unmanned mobile body according to claims 1 and 2 of the present invention and the unmanned mobile body according to claims 5 and 6 are configured as described above, when the unmanned mobile body capable of autonomous movement is remotely controlled, An excellent effect is achieved in that it is possible to allow an unmanned moving body to safely perform an obstacle avoidance operation or a course change at an intersection without stopping or decelerating significantly.
In addition, since the unmanned moving body according to claims 3 and 4 of the present invention and the unmanned moving body according to claims 7 and 8 have the above-described configuration, irregular portions such as unevenness and inclination are always set at appropriate speeds. As a result, it is possible to achieve a very excellent effect that it is possible to ensure high safety.

本発明の一実施例による無人移動体の制御方法の概要を示すシステム構成説明図である。It is system configuration explanatory drawing which shows the outline | summary of the control method of the unmanned mobile body by one Example of this invention. 図1における無人移動体としての半自律走行車の概略構成説明図である。It is schematic structure explanatory drawing of the semi-autonomous traveling vehicle as an unmanned mobile body in FIG. 図1における無人移動体の制御機器の接続ブロック図である。It is a connection block diagram of the control apparatus of the unmanned mobile body in FIG. 図1における無人移動体の制御方法の動作フローチャート(前半)である。It is an operation | movement flowchart (the first half) of the control method of the unmanned mobile body in FIG. 図1における無人移動体の制御方法の動作フローチャート(後半)である。FIG. 3 is an operation flowchart (second half) of the control method of the unmanned mobile body in FIG. 1. FIG. 図1における無人移動体の制御方法による障害物回避要領説明図(a),(b)及び不整部位回避要領説明図(c)である。It is an obstruction avoidance point explanatory drawing (a) by the control method of the unmanned mobile body in FIG. 1, (b), and an irregular site avoidance point explanatory drawing (c).

以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。
図1〜図6は、本発明の一実施例による無人移動体の制御方法を示しており、この無人移動体の制御方法は、図1に示すように、携帯型の遠隔操縦装置Aで、無人移動体Bの移動をコントロールするのに用いられるものとなっている。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
1 to 6 show a method for controlling an unmanned mobile body according to an embodiment of the present invention. This unmanned mobile body is controlled by a portable remote control device A as shown in FIG. It is used to control the movement of the unmanned mobile body B.

この実施例において、無人移動体は、自律して走行可能な半自律走行車Bであり、図2及び図3に示すように、車両制御用コンピュータ10及びこの車両制御用コンピュータ10とLAN11を介して接続される自律走行用コンピュータ30によって制御されるようになっている。   In this embodiment, the unmanned moving body is a semi-autonomous traveling vehicle B that can travel autonomously. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the vehicle control computer 10 and the vehicle control computer 10 and the LAN 11 are used. It is controlled by an autonomous running computer 30 connected in this manner.

車両制御用コンピュータ10の入力側には、アンテナ12と接続する無線LAN13及び遠隔操縦用カメラ14が入出力回路15を介して接続されていると共に、位置情報取得用のGPS16と、姿勢制御用のバーチカルジャイロ17と、移動速度測定用の車速パルス18がシリアル回線を介して接続されている。   A wireless LAN 13 connected to the antenna 12 and a remote control camera 14 are connected to the input side of the vehicle control computer 10 via an input / output circuit 15, a position information acquisition GPS 16, and an attitude control A vertical gyro 17 and a vehicle speed pulse 18 for measuring the moving speed are connected via a serial line.

また、車両制御用コンピュータ10の出力側には、モータドライバ21を介して操舵用アクチュエータ22及びブレーキ/アクセル用アクチュエータ23が接続されており、これらのアクチュエータ22,23と車輪24とで駆動ユニット20を構成している。   Further, a steering actuator 22 and a brake / accelerator actuator 23 are connected to the output side of the vehicle control computer 10 via a motor driver 21, and the drive unit 20 includes these actuators 22, 23 and wheels 24. Is configured.

車両制御用コンピュータ10は、GPS16やバーチカルジャイロ17で取得した各種情報をLAN11,無線LAN13及びアンテナ12を介して遠隔操縦装置Aに送信する機能を有していると共に、遠隔操縦装置Aから送信される操作情報に基づいて、モータドライバ21を介して操舵用アクチュエータ22及びブレーキ/アクセル用アクチュエータ23を作動、停止させる機能を有している。   The vehicle control computer 10 has a function of transmitting various information acquired by the GPS 16 and the vertical gyro 17 to the remote control device A via the LAN 11, the wireless LAN 13 and the antenna 12, and is transmitted from the remote control device A. The steering actuator 22 and the brake / accelerator actuator 23 are operated and stopped via the motor driver 21 based on the operation information.

一方、自律走行用コンピュータ30の入力側には、近距離情報取得に適したレーザセンサ(レーザレンジファインダ)31と、遠距離で且つ広角情報取得に適した自律走行用カメラ32,33が接続されており、この自律走行用コンピュータ30は、LAN11を介して、レーザセンサ31や自律走行用カメラ32,33で取得した測距データを遠隔操縦装置Aに送信する機能を有している。   On the other hand, a laser sensor (laser range finder) 31 suitable for short distance information acquisition and autonomous travel cameras 32 and 33 suitable for long distance and wide angle information acquisition are connected to the input side of the autonomous travel computer 30. The autonomous traveling computer 30 has a function of transmitting distance measurement data acquired by the laser sensor 31 and the autonomous traveling cameras 32 and 33 to the remote control device A via the LAN 11.

遠隔操縦装置Aは、半自律走行車Bの遠隔操縦用カメラ14で得た画像を映し出すディスプレー40と、遠隔操作部50と、車両制御用コンピュータ10及び自律走行用コンピュータ30とLAN11を介してデータのやり取りをする制御部60を具備していて、ディスプレー40は、図示しないCPUやキーボード61やアンテナ62とともに制御部60に組み込まれており、この制御部60は、操作者Pの腰部に装着可能となっている。   The remote control device A has a display 40 for displaying an image obtained by the remote control camera 14 of the semi-autonomous vehicle B, a remote control unit 50, a vehicle control computer 10, an autonomous vehicle 30 and data via the LAN 11. The display unit 40 is incorporated in the control unit 60 together with a CPU, a keyboard 61 and an antenna 62 (not shown), and this control unit 60 can be mounted on the waist of the operator P. It has become.

一方、遠隔操作部50は、カーソルスティック51と、速度指示レバー52と、制御部60との間で各種情報の送受信を行う図示しない送受信部を具備しており、速度指示レバー52は、半自律走行車Bの走行速度を入力するものであり、周囲の状況を考慮しながら操作するものとなっている。   On the other hand, the remote operation unit 50 includes a cursor stick 51, a speed instruction lever 52, and a transmission / reception unit (not shown) that transmits / receives various information to / from the control unit 60. The speed instruction lever 52 is semi-autonomous. The travel speed of the traveling vehicle B is input, and the operation is performed in consideration of surrounding conditions.

また、遠隔操縦装置Aは、操作者Pの頭部に装着されて、制御部60からの画像データを受信して操作者Pの眼前で表示する、いわゆるヘッドマウントディスプレー41を上記ディスプレー40とは別に有している。   The remote control device A is a so-called head mounted display 41 that is attached to the head of the operator P, receives image data from the control unit 60, and displays the image data in front of the operator P. I have it separately.

この場合、半自律走行車Bに搭載された上記車両制御用コンピュータ10は、測距部であるレーザセンサ31や自律走行用カメラ32,33で取得した測距データや遠隔操縦装置Aからの指令に基づいて移動経路を計画する経路計画手段と、この移動経路に応じた移動速度を計画する速度計画手段と、計画した移動経路内の障害物を検出する障害物検出手段を有しており、これらの計画した移動経路及び移動速度に従って、モータドライバ21を介して操舵用アクチュエータ22及びブレーキ/アクセル用アクチュエータ23を作動させるようになっている。   In this case, the vehicle control computer 10 mounted on the semi-autonomous traveling vehicle B uses the distance measurement data acquired by the laser sensor 31 or the autonomous traveling cameras 32 and 33 serving as the distance measuring unit and the command from the remote control device A. A route planning means for planning a movement route based on the above, a speed planning means for planning a movement speed according to the movement route, and an obstacle detection means for detecting an obstacle in the planned movement route, The steering actuator 22 and the brake / accelerator actuator 23 are operated via the motor driver 21 in accordance with the planned movement path and movement speed.

上記車両制御用コンピュータ10において、例えば、半自律走行車Bの走行中に、遠隔操縦装置Aから新規のステアリング指令(新規操舵指令)及び速度指令を受信した際に、このステアリング指令に基づいて経路計画手段により作成される新規の移動経路上に障害物が有るか否かを障害物検出手段により判定し、新規の移動経路上に障害物が有ると判定した場合には、経路計画手段により新たに障害物回避経路を作成して、半自律走行車Bを安全に走行させるべく制御するようになっている。   In the vehicle control computer 10, for example, when a new steering command (new steering command) and a speed command are received from the remote control device A while the semi-autonomous vehicle B is traveling, a route is generated based on the steering command. The obstacle detection means determines whether there is an obstacle on the new movement route created by the planning means, and if it is determined that there is an obstacle on the new movement route, the route planning means Thus, an obstacle avoidance route is created to control the semi-autonomous vehicle B to travel safely.

また、上記車両制御用コンピュータ10は、新規の移動経路上に障害物が無いと判定した場合には、この新規移動経路上にレーザセンサ31や自律走行用カメラ32,33で凹凸や傾斜などの不整部位を抽出して、この不整部位を安全に通過させるべく速度計画手段により半自律走行車Bの走行速度をコントロールするようになっている。   Further, when the vehicle control computer 10 determines that there is no obstacle on the new movement route, the laser sensor 31 and the autonomous traveling cameras 32 and 33 on the new movement route cause unevenness and inclination. An irregular part is extracted, and the traveling speed of the semi-autonomous vehicle B is controlled by speed planning means so that the irregular part can be passed safely.

そこで、上記車両制御用コンピュータ10による制御要領を具体的に説明する。図4及び図5に示すように、半自律走行車Bの移動中に、ステップS1,S2において遠隔操縦装置Aから新規のステアリング指令Rin0及び速度指令Vin0を受信すると、この時点で新規ステアリング指令Rin0に基づいて経路計画手段により作成される新規の移動経路T上で且つ現在速度Vcurrent及び新規速度Vinのうちの大きい方の移動速度に対応する制動距離内に障害物が有るか否かをステップS3において判定する。   Therefore, the control procedure by the vehicle control computer 10 will be specifically described. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, when a new steering command Rin0 and a speed command Vin0 are received from the remote control device A in steps S1 and S2 while the semi-autonomous vehicle B is moving, a new steering command Rin0 is received at this time. Whether there is an obstacle on the new movement route T created by the route planning means based on the above and within the braking distance corresponding to the larger one of the current speed Vcurrent and the new speed Vin is determined in step S3. Determine in

次いで、このステップS3において新規の移動経路T上に障害物が有る(Yes)と判定した場合には、図6(a)に示すように、ステップS4において移動経路Tの両側に半自律走行車Bの車幅を考慮した障害物回避経路Rin-ΔR, Rin+ΔRを作成すると共にステップS5において該障害物回避経路Rin-ΔR, Rin+ΔR上の障害物Dの有無をそれぞれ判定する。   Next, when it is determined in step S3 that there is an obstacle on the new travel route T (Yes), as shown in FIG. 6A, semi-autonomous vehicles are placed on both sides of the travel route T in step S4. Obstacle avoidance routes Rin-ΔR, Rin + ΔR in consideration of the vehicle width of B are created, and whether or not there is an obstacle D on the obstacle avoidance routes Rin-ΔR, Rin + ΔR is determined in step S5.

そして、これらの障害物回避経路Rin-ΔR, Rin+ΔRのうちのいずれか一方が障害物Dに触れないと判定した場合には、ステップS6において経路計画手段により一方の障害物回避経路が選択されて新規のステアリング指令Rout=Rinが設定されると共に速度計画手段により速度指令Vout=Vが設定されて、ステップS7においてこれらの指令を車両制御速度指令Vout及び車両制御ステアリング指令Routとして出力する。   If it is determined that one of these obstacle avoidance routes Rin−ΔR and Rin + ΔR does not touch the obstacle D, one obstacle avoidance route is selected by the route planning means in step S6. Then, a new steering command Rout = Rin is set and a speed command Vout = V is set by the speed planning means, and these commands are output as a vehicle control speed command Vout and a vehicle control steering command Rout in step S7.

また、障害物回避経路Rin-ΔR, Rin+ΔRの双方がいずれも障害物Dに触れないと判定した場合には、ステップS8において経路計画手段により旋回半径の大きな方の障害物回避経路Rin+ΔRが選択されると共に速度計画手段により速度指令Vout=Vが設定されて、ステップS7において車両制御速度指令Vout及び車両制御ステアリング指令Routとして出力する。   If it is determined that neither of the obstacle avoidance routes Rin−ΔR and Rin + ΔR touches the obstacle D, the obstacle planning route Rin + having the larger turning radius is determined by the route planning means in step S8. ΔR is selected and a speed command Vout = V is set by the speed planning means, and is output as a vehicle control speed command Vout and a vehicle control steering command Rout in step S7.

一方、ステップS5において上記障害物回避経路Rin-ΔR, Rin+ΔRの双方が障害物Dに接触すると判定した場合には、図6(b)に示すように、ステップS9及びステップS3を経てステップS4において上記障害物回避経路Rin-ΔR, Rin+ΔRの各外側に障害物回避経路Rin-2・ΔR, Rin+2・ΔRを新たに設定すると共にステップS5において該障害物回避経路Rin-2・ΔR, Rin+2・ΔR上の障害物Dの有無をそれぞれ判定する。   On the other hand, if it is determined in step S5 that both of the obstacle avoidance routes Rin−ΔR and Rin + ΔR are in contact with the obstacle D, as shown in FIG. 6 (b), the steps go through step S9 and step S3. In S4, obstacle avoidance paths Rin-2 · ΔR, Rin + 2 · ΔR are newly set outside the obstacle avoidance paths Rin-ΔR and Rin + ΔR, and in step S5, the obstacle avoidance paths Rin-2 are set. ΔR, Rin + 2 · Determine whether there is an obstacle D on ΔR.

そして、これらの処理を障害物Dのない障害物回避経路(Rin=Rin0±ΔR・k;kは繰り返し回数)を設定できるまで行い、上記処理を繰り返し行っている間に、ステップS9において車両制御ステアリング指令Rinによる軌道が半自律走行車Bの速度Vでの最小旋回半径以下と判定されたり半自律走行車B自身の最小旋回半径以下であると判定されたりした場合(Yes)には、ステップS10において半自律走行車Bを停止させて、ステップS11において遠隔操縦装置Aを介して操作者にこれを通知する。   Then, these processes are performed until an obstacle avoidance route without an obstacle D (Rin = Rin0 ± ΔR · k; k is the number of repetitions) can be set, and vehicle control is performed in step S9 while the above processes are repeated. If it is determined that the track by the steering command Rin is less than the minimum turning radius at the speed V of the semi-autonomous vehicle B or less than the minimum turning radius of the semi-autonomous vehicle B itself (Yes), step In S10, the semi-autonomous vehicle B is stopped, and this is notified to the operator via the remote control device A in Step S11.

つまり、半自律走行車Bを遠隔操縦装置Aにより遠隔操縦するに際して、新たなステアリング指令に基づく新規移動経路上に障害物Dがあったとしても、半自律走行車Bが移動を継続しつつ自律して障害物Dのない障害物回避経路を設定することとなり、すなわち、半自律走行車Bの車両制御用コンピュータ10が操作者Pによる遠隔操縦を支援して動作することとなり、その結果、一旦停止させたり大幅に減速させたりすることなく、半自律走行車Bに障害物Dの回避動作や交差点での進路変更を安全に行わせ得ることとなる。   That is, when the semi-autonomous traveling vehicle B is remotely controlled by the remote control device A, the semi-autonomous traveling vehicle B is autonomous while continuing to move even if there is an obstacle D on the new movement route based on the new steering command. Thus, the obstacle avoidance route without the obstacle D is set, that is, the vehicle control computer 10 of the semi-autonomous traveling vehicle B operates to support the remote control by the operator P, and as a result, once. Without stopping or greatly decelerating, the semi-autonomous vehicle B can safely perform the avoidance operation of the obstacle D or the course change at the intersection.

一方、上記車両制御用コンピュータ10は、ステップS3において新規移動経路T上に障害物Dが無い(No)と判定した場合には、図6(c)に示すように、ステップS12において新規移動経路T上で凹凸や傾斜などの不整部位E(XCW,YCW)を抽出するのに続いて、ステップS13においてこの不整部位Eの通過許容速度V(Cw)と現在速度Vcurrent及び新規速度Vinのうちの大きい方の移動速度Vとを比較する。 On the other hand, if the vehicle control computer 10 determines in step S3 that there is no obstacle D on the new travel route T (No), as shown in FIG. 6C, the new travel route in step S12. Subsequent to extracting irregular portions E (X CW , Y CW ) such as irregularities and inclinations on T, in step S13, the passage allowable speed V (Cw) of the irregular portion E, the current speed Vcurrent and the new speed Vin are determined. Compare the moving speed V of the larger one.

このステップS13において通過許容速度V(Cw)が移動速度Vよりも大きい(No)と判定した場合には、ステップS14において経路計画手段により新規のステアリング指令Rin=Rinが設定されると共に速度計画手段により速度指令Vin=Vが設定されて、ステップS7においてこれらの指令を車両制御速度指令Vout及び車両制御ステアリング指令Routとして出力する。   If it is determined in step S13 that the allowable passing speed V (Cw) is larger than the moving speed V (No), a new steering command Rin = Rin is set by the route planning means in step S14 and the speed planning means. Thus, the speed command Vin = V is set, and these commands are output as the vehicle control speed command Vout and the vehicle control steering command Rout in step S7.

また、ステップS13において通過許容速度V(Cw)が移動速度Vよりも小さい(Yes)と判定した場合には、減速を開始させ、ステップS15において不整部位Eに到達するまでに移動速度Vを通過許容速度V(Cw)に減速できるか否かの判定がなされ、移動速度Vを通過許容速度V(Cw)に減速できる(Yes)と判定した場合には、ステップS16において経路計画手段により新規のステアリング指令Rout=Rinが設定されると共に速度計画手段により速度指令Vout=Vが設定されて、ステップS7においてこれらの指令を車両制御速度指令Vout及び車両制御ステアリング指令Routとして出力する。   If it is determined in step S13 that the allowable passage speed V (Cw) is smaller than the movement speed V (Yes), deceleration is started, and the movement speed V is passed until the irregular portion E is reached in step S15. It is determined whether or not the speed can be reduced to the permissible speed V (Cw), and if it is determined that the moving speed V can be decelerated to the permissible speed V (Cw) (Yes), a new route planning means in step S16 The steering command Rout = Rin is set and the speed command Vout = V is set by the speed planning means. In step S7, these commands are output as the vehicle control speed command Vout and the vehicle control steering command Rout.

そして、ステップS15において不整部位Eに到達するまでに移動速度Vを通過許容速度V(Cw)に減速し得ない(No)と判定した場合には、不整部位Eを障害物Dとして捉えて、上記したステップS4以降の障害物回避処理を繰り返し行って不整部位Eにかからない不整部位回避経路Uを作成する。   If it is determined in step S15 that the movement speed V cannot be reduced to the allowable passage speed V (Cw) before reaching the irregular portion E (No), the irregular portion E is regarded as an obstacle D, The obstacle avoidance process after step S4 is repeatedly performed to create an irregular part avoidance path U that does not reach the irregular part E.

上記処理を繰り返し行っている間に、ステップS9において車両制御ステアリング指令Rinによる軌道が半自律走行車Bの速度Vでの最小旋回半径以下と判定されたり半自律走行車B自身の最小旋回半径以下であると判定されたりした場合には、ステップS10において半自律走行車Bを停止させて、ステップS11において遠隔操縦装置Aを介して操作者にこれを通知する。   While the above process is being repeated, it is determined in step S9 that the track by the vehicle control steering command Rin is less than the minimum turning radius at the speed V of the semi-autonomous vehicle B or less than the minimum turning radius of the semi-autonomous vehicle B itself. In step S10, the semi-autonomous vehicle B is stopped, and this is notified to the operator via the remote control device A in step S11.

このように、速度が制限される凹凸や傾斜などの不整部位Eを半自律走行車Bが移動する場合において、移動経路Uの状況に応じた適切な速度で移動させ得ることとなり、その結果、整地は勿論のこと、速度調整が不可欠な不整地でも安全に移動させ得ることとなる。   Thus, in the case where the semi-autonomous traveling vehicle B moves through the irregular portion E such as unevenness and inclination where the speed is limited, it can be moved at an appropriate speed according to the situation of the moving route U. In addition to leveling, it can be safely moved even on rough terrain where speed adjustment is essential.

なお、図4及び図5におけるステップS4とステップS5との間においても、ステップS3,ステップS12,ステップS13,ステップS15の判定処理を行っている。   In addition, the determination process of step S3, step S12, step S13, and step S15 is performed also between step S4 and step S5 in FIG.4 and FIG.5.

上記した実施例では、半自律走行車Bの走行中に、遠隔操縦装置Aからの新規ステアリング指令及び速度指令を受信した場合の制御を示したが、半自律走行車Bが半自律コマンドによる新規ステアリング指令及び速度指令を得て走行する場合であってもよい。   In the above-described embodiment, the control when the new steering command and the speed command are received from the remote control device A while the semi-autonomous vehicle B is traveling is shown. It may be a case where the vehicle travels by obtaining a steering command and a speed command.

また、上記した実施例では、無人移動体が半自律走行車Bである場合を示したが、これに限定されるものではなく、無人移動体が自律歩行するロボットであったり、自律飛行する航空機であったりしてもよい。   In the above-described embodiments, the case where the unmanned moving body is the semi-autonomous traveling vehicle B has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the unmanned moving body is an autonomously walking robot or an autonomously flying aircraft. It may be.

10 車両制御用コンピュータ(制御部)
21 モータドライバ(駆動操舵系)
22 操舵用アクチュエータ(駆動操舵系)
23 ブレーキ/アクセル用アクチュエータ(駆動操舵系)
31 レーザセンサ(測距部)
32,33 自律走行用カメラ(測距部)
A 遠隔操縦装置
B 半自律走行車(無人移動体)
D 障害物
E 不整部位
R 障害物回避経路
T 新規移動経路
U 不整部位回避経路
10 Vehicle control computer (control unit)
21 Motor driver (drive steering system)
22 Steering actuator (drive steering system)
23 Brake / Accelerator Actuator (Drive Steering System)
31 Laser sensor (ranging unit)
32, 33 Autonomous traveling camera (ranging unit)
A Remote control device B Semi-autonomous vehicle (unmanned vehicle)
D Obstacle E Irregular site R Obstacle avoidance route T New movement route U Irregular site avoidance route

Claims (8)

測距データに基づいて作成した移動経路上を自律して移動する自律移動及び遠隔操縦装置による遠隔操縦移動のいずれの移動も可能な無人移動体の制御方法であって、
前記無人移動体の自律移動中に前記遠隔操縦装置から新規操舵指令及び新規速度指令を得た時点で、この時点における前記新規操舵指令に基づく新規移動経路上で且つ現在速度及び前記新規速度のうちの大きい方の移動速度に対応する制動距離内に障害物が有るか否かを判定し、
前記新規移動経路上に障害物が有ると判定した場合には、前記新規移動経路の横に障害物回避経路を設定すると共に該障害物回避経路上の障害物の有無を判定し、以降、障害物のない障害物回避経路が設定されるまで、障害物回避経路の設定及び該障害物回避経路上の障害物の有無判定を繰り返し、
前記障害物回避経路の設定及び該障害物回避経路上の障害物の有無判定を繰り返し行っている間に、前記新規操舵指令による軌道が前記無人移動体の前記移動速度での最小旋回半径以下又は前記無人移動体自身の最小旋回半径以下であると判定された場合には、無人移動体を停止させる
ことを特徴とする無人移動体の制御方法。
A method for controlling an unmanned mobile body capable of both autonomous movement that moves autonomously on a movement route created based on distance measurement data and remote control movement by a remote control device ,
When a new steering command and a new speed command are obtained from the remote control device during the autonomous movement of the unmanned mobile body, the current speed and the new speed on the new movement path based on the new steering command at this time Determine whether there is an obstacle within the braking distance corresponding to the moving speed of
When it is determined that there is an obstacle on the new movement route, an obstacle avoidance route is set beside the new movement route and whether or not there is an obstacle on the obstacle avoidance route is determined. Until the obstacle avoidance route without an obstacle is set, the obstacle avoidance route setting and the obstacle presence / absence determination on the obstacle avoidance route are repeated,
While repeatedly setting the obstacle avoidance route and determining whether there is an obstacle on the obstacle avoidance route, the trajectory by the new steering command is less than or equal to the minimum turning radius at the moving speed of the unmanned moving body or A control method for an unmanned mobile body, wherein the unmanned mobile body is stopped when it is determined that the unmanned mobile body is less than a minimum turning radius of the unmanned mobile body itself.
前記新規移動経路上に障害物が有ると判定した場合には、前記新規移動経路の両側に障害物回避経路を設定すると共に該障害物回避経路上の障害物の有無をそれぞれ判定し、前記新規移動経路の両側における障害物回避経路の双方に障害物が無いと判定した場合には、旋回半径の大きな方の障害物回避経路を選択し、
前記新規移動経路の両側における障害物回避経路の双方に障害物が有ると判定した場合には、前記新規移動経路の両側における障害物回避経路の各外側に障害物回避経路を設定すると共に該障害物回避経路上の障害物の有無をそれぞれ判定し、以降、障害物のない障害物回避経路が設定されるまで、障害物回避経路の各外側への設定及び該障害物回避経路上の障害物の有無判定を繰り返す
請求項1に記載の無人移動体の制御方法。
When it is determined that there is an obstacle on the new movement route, an obstacle avoidance route is set on both sides of the new movement route, and the presence / absence of an obstacle on the obstacle avoidance route is determined, respectively. If it is determined that there are no obstacles on both obstacle avoidance paths on both sides of the travel path, select the obstacle avoidance path with the larger turning radius,
When it is determined that there are obstacles on both of the obstacle avoidance paths on both sides of the new movement path, an obstacle avoidance path is set outside each obstacle avoidance path on both sides of the new movement path and the obstacle Judgment is made for each obstacle avoidance route, and thereafter, until an obstacle avoidance route without an obstacle is set, the obstacle avoidance route is set outside each obstacle obstacle on the obstacle avoidance route. The method for controlling an unmanned mobile body according to claim 1, wherein the presence / absence determination is repeated.
前記新規移動経路上に障害物が無いと判定した場合には、該新規移動経路上に速度が制限される凹凸や傾斜などの不整部位を抽出して、この抽出した不整部位の通過許容速度が前記現在速度及び前記新規速度のうちの大きい方の移動速度よりも小さい場合には、前記現在速度及び前記新規速度のうちの大きい方の移動速度の減速を開始させ、
前記不整部位に到達するまでに前記移動速度を前記通過許容速度に減速し得ない場合には、前記新規移動経路の横に不整部位回避経路を設定すると共に該不整部位回避経路が前記不整部位にかかるか否かを判定し、以降、不整部位にかからない不整部位回避経路が設定されるまで、不整部位回避経路の設定及び該不整部位回避経路が不整部位にかかるか否かの判定を繰り返し、
前記不整部位回避経路の設定及び該不整部位回避経路が不整部位にかかるか否かの判定を繰り返し行っている間に、前記新規操舵指令による軌道が前記無人移動体の前記移動速度での最小旋回半径以下又は前記無人移動体自身の最小旋回半径以下であると判定された場合には、無人移動体を停止させる
請求項1又は2に記載の無人移動体の制御方法。
If it is determined that there are no obstacles on the new movement route, irregularities such as unevenness and inclination that are limited in speed are extracted on the new movement route, and the passage allowable speed of the extracted irregularity portion is determined. If it is less than the greater of the current speed and the new speed, start decelerating the greater of the current speed and the new speed;
If the movement speed cannot be reduced to the allowable passage speed before reaching the irregular part, an irregular part avoidance path is set next to the new movement path and the irregular part avoidance path is set to the irregular part. It is determined whether or not, and thereafter, until an irregular site avoidance route that does not affect the irregular site is set, the setting of the irregular site avoidance route and the determination whether the irregular site avoidance route is applied to the irregular site are repeated,
While repeatedly setting the irregular part avoidance path and determining whether or not the irregular part avoidance path is applied to the irregular part, the trajectory based on the new steering command is the minimum turn at the moving speed of the unmanned moving body. The method for controlling an unmanned moving body according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the unmanned moving body is stopped when it is determined that the unmanned moving body is equal to or less than a radius or a minimum turning radius of the unmanned moving body itself.
前記不整部位に到達するまでに前記移動速度を前記通過許容速度に減速し得ない場合には、前記新規移動経路の両側に不整部位回避経路を設定すると共に該不整部位回避経路が不整部位にかかるか否かをそれぞれ判定し、前記新規移動経路の両側における不整部位回避経路の双方が不整部位にかからないと判定した場合には、旋回半径の大きな方の不整部位回避経路を選択し、
前記新規移動経路の両側における不整部位回避経路の双方が不整部位にかかると判定した場合には、前記新規移動経路の両側における不整部位回避経路の各外側に不整部位回避経路を設定すると共に該不整部位回避経路が前記不整部位にかかるか否かをそれぞれ判定し、以降、不整部位にかからない不整部位回避経路が設定されるまで、不整部位回避経路の各外側への設定及び該不整部位回避経路が不整部位にかかるか否かの判定を繰り返す
請求項3に記載の無人移動体の制御方法。
If the movement speed cannot be reduced to the allowable passage speed before reaching the irregular part, an irregular part avoidance path is set on both sides of the new movement path and the irregular part avoidance path is applied to the irregular part. Whether or not both of the irregular movement avoidance paths on both sides of the new movement path are determined to be on the irregular parts, and select the irregular part avoidance path with the larger turning radius,
When it is determined that both of the irregular part avoidance paths on both sides of the new movement path are applied to the irregular part, an irregular part avoidance path is set outside each irregular part avoidance path on both sides of the new movement path and the irregularity is detected. It is determined whether or not the part avoidance path is applied to the irregular part, and thereafter, the setting of the irregular part avoidance path to the outside and the irregular part avoidance path are performed until an irregular part avoidance path that does not affect the irregular part is set. The method for controlling an unmanned mobile body according to claim 3, wherein the determination as to whether or not the irregular portion is applied is repeated.
自律移動及び遠隔操縦装置による遠隔操縦移動のいずれの移動も可能な無人移動体であって、
移動領域の測距データを取得する測距部と、
この測距部で取得される測距データに基づいて移動経路を作成して、この移動経路上を自律して移動させるべく駆動操舵系に対して制御信号を出力する制御部を備え、
前記制御部は、前記無人移動体の自律移動中に前記遠隔操縦装置から新規操舵指令及び新規速度指令を得た時点で、この時点における前記新規操舵指令に基づく新規移動経路上で且つ現在速度及び前記新規速度のうちの大きい方の移動速度に対応する制動距離内に障害物が有るか否かを判定し、前記新規移動経路上に障害物が有ると判定した場合には、前記新規移動経路の横に障害物回避経路を設定すると共に該障害物回避経路上の障害物の有無を判定し、以降、障害物のない障害物回避経路が設定されるまで障害物回避経路の設定及び該障害物回避経路上の障害物の有無判定を繰り返して、障害物のない障害物回避経路が設定された時点で該障害物回避経路上を移動させるべく駆動操舵系に対して制御信号を出力し、前記障害物回避経路の設定及び該障害物回避経路上の障害物の有無判定を繰り返し行っている間に、前記新規操舵指令による軌道が前記無人移動体の前記移動速度での最小旋回半径以下又は前記無人移動体自身の最小旋回半径以下であると判定された場合には、無人移動体を停止させるべく駆動操舵系に対して制御信号を出力する
ことを特徴とする無人移動体。
An unmanned mobile body capable of both autonomous movement and remote control movement by a remote control device,
A distance measurement unit for acquiring distance measurement data of the moving area;
Create a travel route based on the distance measurement data obtained by the distance measuring unit, Bei example a control unit for outputting a control signal to the drive steering system to move autonomously on the travel route,
The control unit obtains a new steering command and a new speed command from the remote control device during the autonomous movement of the unmanned moving body, and on the new moving path based on the new steering command at this time and the current speed and It is determined whether or not there is an obstacle within a braking distance corresponding to the larger moving speed of the new speeds, and when it is determined that there is an obstacle on the new moving path, the new moving path The obstacle avoidance route is set next to the obstacle and the presence or absence of the obstacle on the obstacle avoidance route is determined. Thereafter, the obstacle avoidance route is set and the obstacle is set until the obstacle avoidance route without the obstacle is set. Repeat the determination of the presence or absence of obstacles on the obstacle avoidance route, and output a control signal to the drive steering system to move on the obstacle avoidance route when an obstacle avoidance route without an obstacle is set, Of the obstacle avoidance route And repeatedly determining whether there is an obstacle on the obstacle avoidance route, the trajectory by the new steering command is less than the minimum turning radius at the moving speed of the unmanned moving body or the unmanned moving body itself. An unmanned moving body that outputs a control signal to a drive steering system to stop the unmanned moving body when it is determined that the turning radius is equal to or less than the minimum turning radius.
前記制御部において、前記新規移動経路上に障害物が有ると判定した場合には、前記新規移動経路の両側に障害物回避経路を設定すると共に該障害物回避経路上の障害物の有無をそれぞれ判定し、前記新規移動経路の両側における障害物回避経路の双方に障害物が無いと判定した場合には、旋回半径の大きな方の障害物回避経路を選択し、前記新規移動経路の両側における障害物回避経路の双方に障害物が有ると判定した場合には、前記新規移動経路の両側における障害物回避経路の各外側に障害物回避経路を設定すると共に該障害物回避経路上の障害物の有無をそれぞれ判定し、以降、障害物のない障害物回避経路が設定されるまで、障害物回避経路の各外側への設定及び該障害物回避経路上の障害物の有無判定を繰り返して、障害物のない障害物回避経路が設定された時点で該障害物回避経路上を移動させるべく駆動操舵系に対して制御信号を出力する
請求項5に記載の無人移動体。
When the control unit determines that there is an obstacle on the new movement route, it sets an obstacle avoidance route on both sides of the new movement route and determines whether there is an obstacle on the obstacle avoidance route. If it is determined that there are no obstacles on both of the obstacle avoidance routes on both sides of the new travel route, an obstacle avoidance route having a larger turning radius is selected, and an obstacle on both sides of the new travel route is selected. If it is determined that there are obstacles on both of the obstacle avoidance paths, an obstacle avoidance path is set on each outer side of the obstacle avoidance paths on both sides of the new movement route, and obstacles on the obstacle avoidance path are set. Determine the presence / absence of each obstacle, and then repeat the setting of the obstacle avoidance path to the outside and the presence / absence determination of obstacles on the obstacle avoidance path until an obstacle avoidance path without an obstacle is set. Thing Unmanned mobile body according to claim 5 for outputting a control signal to the drive steering system to move the upper said obstacle avoidance path when the obstacle avoidance path has been set.
前記制御部において、前記新規移動経路上に障害物が無いと判定した場合には、該新規移動経路上に速度が制限される凹凸や傾斜などの不整部位を抽出して、この抽出した不整部位の通過許容速度が前記現在速度及び前記新規速度のうちの大きい方の移動速度よりも小さい場合には、前記現在速度及び前記新規速度のうちの大きい方の移動速度の減速を開始させるべく制御信号を出力し、前記不整部位に到達するまでに前記移動速度を前記通過許容速度に減速し得ない場合には、前記新規移動経路の横に不整部位回避経路を設定すると共に該不整部位回避経路が前記不整部位にかかるか否かを判定し、以降、不整部位にかからない不整部位回避経路が設定されるまで、不整部位回避経路の設定及び該不整部位回避経路が不整部位にかかるか否かの判定を繰り返して、不整部位にかからない不整部位回避経路が設定された時点で該不整部位回避経路上を移動させるべく駆動操舵系に対して制御信号を出力し、前記不整部位回避経路の設定及び該不整部位回避経路が不整部位にかかるか否かの判定を繰り返し行っている間に、前記新規操舵指令による軌道が前記無人移動体の前記移動速度での最小旋回半径以下又は前記無人移動体自身の最小旋回半径以下であると判定された場合には、無人移動体を停止させるべく駆動操舵系に対して制御信号を出力する
請求項5又は6に記載の無人移動体。
When the control unit determines that there are no obstacles on the new movement route, it extracts irregular portions such as unevenness and inclination whose speed is limited on the new movement route, and extracts the irregular portions thus extracted. A control signal for initiating deceleration of the larger moving speed of the current speed and the new speed when the permissible passing speed is smaller than the larger moving speed of the current speed and the new speed. Is output, and when the movement speed cannot be reduced to the permissible passage speed before reaching the irregular portion, an irregular portion avoidance route is set next to the new movement route and the irregular portion avoidance route is It is determined whether or not the irregular part is applied, and thereafter, until the irregular part avoidance path that does not apply to the irregular part is set, whether or not the irregular part avoidance path is applied to the irregular part. When the irregular part avoidance route that does not affect the irregular part is set, a control signal is output to the drive steering system to move the irregular part avoidance path, and the irregular part avoidance path is set. While repeatedly determining whether or not the irregular part avoidance route is on the irregular part, the trajectory by the new steering command is less than the minimum turning radius at the moving speed of the unmanned moving object or the unmanned moving object itself The unmanned moving body according to claim 5 or 6, wherein a control signal is output to the drive steering system to stop the unmanned moving body when it is determined that the turning radius is equal to or less than the minimum turning radius.
前記制御部において、前記新規移動経路上に障害物が無いと判定した場合には、前記新規移動経路の両側に不整部位回避経路を設定すると共に該不整部位回避経路が不整部位にかかるか否かをそれぞれ判定し、前記新規移動経路の両側における不整部位回避経路の双方が不整部位にかからないと判定した場合には、旋回半径の大きな方の不整部位回避経路を選択し、前記新規移動経路の両側における不整部位回避経路の双方が不整部位にかかると判定した場合には、前記新規移動経路の両側における不整部位回避経路の各外側に不整部位回避経路を設定すると共に該不整部位回避経路が前記不整部位にかかるか否かをそれぞれ判定し、以降、不整部位にかからない不整部位回避経路が設定されるまで、不整部位回避経路の各外側への設定及び該不整部位回避経路が不整部位にかかるか否かの判定を繰り返して、不整部位にかからない不整部位回避経路が設定された時点で該不整部位回避経路上を移動させるべく駆動操舵系に対して制御信号を出力する
請求項7に記載の無人移動体。
When the control unit determines that there are no obstacles on the new movement route, it sets an irregular part avoidance path on both sides of the new movement path and whether the irregular part avoidance path covers the irregular part or not. And determining that both of the irregular part avoidance paths on both sides of the new movement route do not reach the irregular part, select the irregular part avoidance path having the larger turning radius, and select both sides of the new movement path. If it is determined that both of the irregular part avoidance paths in FIG. 3 are applied to the irregular part, an irregular part avoidance path is set on each outer side of the irregular part avoidance path on both sides of the new movement route, and the irregular part avoidance path Determine whether or not it will be applied to the part, and thereafter, until an irregular part avoidance path that does not affect the irregular part is set, A control signal is sent to the drive steering system to move on the irregular part avoidance path when the irregular part avoidance path that does not affect the irregular part is set by repeatedly determining whether the irregular part avoidance path is applied to the irregular part. The unmanned mobile body according to claim 7.
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