JP5450502B2 - Data recording method and data recording apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a recording technique for recording digital data on a recording medium.

  As an example of an apparatus for recording and reproducing digital data on a recording medium, there is a DVD-RAM recording / reproducing apparatus defined in Non-Patent Document 1, which is an international standard.

  When a disc is inserted or the power is turned on, the recording / reproducing apparatus first checks the recorded contents such as a defect management information area (DMA) arranged in the lead-in and lead-out, and the DVD-RAM is physically formatted. Check whether it has been completed. If it is not physically formatted, it waits until a physical format instruction is received from a host device or a user.

  When the DVD-RAM has been physically formatted, the recording / reproducing apparatus waits for instructions from the user or the host apparatus after performing recording preparation processing such as calibration processing and logical consistency verification. When the recording / playback device receives some “command”, it checks the type, and if it is a recording command, it records the user data, and if it is a command for playback, formatting, ejecting a disk, etc. Process. Normally, these processes end normally, but there are cases where the process cannot be completed normally for an unexpected reason. For example, when the optical disk includes a defect in the user area and user data recording fails, error processing such as retry processing or replacement processing is performed.

  In a normal DVD-RAM recording / reproducing apparatus, during the user data recording process, it is actually reproduced to confirm whether or not the data has been normally recorded after recording, and if necessary, user data is stored in the spare area instead of the user area. The reliability of the optical disc is increased by performing the replacement process. Generally, a spare area arranged next to the lead-out is used continuously from the lead-out side to the lead-in side. This is because the size of the spare area can be enlarged / reduced in accordance with the number of defects generated while using the optical disc.

  The correspondence information between the user area and the spare area address indicating the result of the replacement process is standardized in ECMA-272 so as to be recorded in the DMA as a defect list (DL).

  Patent Document 1 describes a method for completely erasing recorded data on a write-once recording disk and an apparatus for realizing the method.

JP 2002-245635 A ([0038] to [0043], FIG. 4)

"Standard ECMA-272: 120mm DVD Rewritable Disc (DVD-RAM)" ECMA 1999 (pp. 43-55)

  FIG. 5 is a diagram of a disk for schematically explaining defect management by a replacement process (Linear Replacement method) generally performed on a recordable optical disk. The optical disk is logically divided into areas according to purposes. FIG.

  For simplicity, the optical disk is logically divided into a lead-in area, a data area, and a lead-out area, and the data area is further logically divided into a user area and one or more spare areas according to the purpose. In the defect management information area (DMA) in the lead-in, DDS (Disc Definition Structure) containing information on the logical structure such as the start address of each logically divided area, and the correspondence between the addresses of the user area and the spare area A DL table composed of a plurality of DLs (Defect Lists) is recorded. However, in order to simplify the explanation in the text, it is assumed that one spare area is arranged on the outer periphery side of the user area, and is continuously used in the direction from the lead-out to the lead-in, and the next replacement position is indicated by the address pointer P. And

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing DLs that constitute the DL table.

  Each DL includes a defective address in the user area and a replacement address in the spare area assigned by the replacement process. In the figure, the blacked out area indicates a used area in the spare area. The address M indicated by the pointer P is an address indicating the next replacement position in the spare area. That is, in this state, when it is determined that the address N in the user area is defective, the user data arranged at the address N by the higher-level device is recorded in the address M in the spare area. In order to indicate this information, the DL is composed of “address N”, “address M” and a status indicating the relationship, and a DL table is formed by overlapping the DL. Accordingly, since the DL is added to the DL table every time the replacement process is performed, the DL table is expanded in principle when the DL is added.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a DL when a replacement process occurs continuously.

  If it is determined that there is a defect in the recording area at address N in the user area, user data to be recorded at address N is recorded at address M in the spare area indicated by pointer P. Therefore, next, the pointer P indicates M−1, and a DL including “replacement”, “address N”, and “address M” in the status, defect address, and replacement address is registered in the DL table. Subsequently, when it is determined that the address N + 1 in the user area is defective, the address M-1 is assigned as the replacement position. If it is determined that the subsequent address N + 2 is defective, the address M-2 is assigned. However, if it is determined that the spare area address M-2 is defective immediately after recording, the DL including M + 2 as the replacement address is deleted from the DL table, and the user data to be recorded at the address N + 2 is spare. It is recorded at address M-3 of the next replacement position in the area. The resulting DL table is as shown in the chart.

  In recent years, this defect management method has been introduced into a write-once optical disc, and a write-once optical disc recording method has been proposed that uses a function that enables logical overwriting of data. However, there is no literature showing the operation of a specific optical disc apparatus that realizes this recording method.

  The data erasing method of the write once optical disc described in Patent Document 1 is performed by overwriting the target recorded area by irradiating a laser beam with a recording power at the time of recording or a recording power higher than that at the time of recording. There is no description about the effect that the logical address erased by the host device can be used again.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a write-once optical disk with a use environment similar to a rewritable optical disk while maintaining the function of a conventional write-once optical disk.

The object of the present invention is achieved by the invention described in the claims as an example .

  The present invention provides a use environment similar to a rewritable optical disk such as overwriting or erasing data on a write-once optical disk while maintaining the function of a conventional write-once optical disk that physical data cannot be tampered with. It is in.

It is explanatory drawing which showed the structure of the ECC block information which has the flag and address information regarding replacement. It is explanatory drawing which showed the structure of the data frame. It is explanatory drawing which showed the structure of the ECC block. It is explanatory drawing which showed the structure of the optical disk recording / reproducing apparatus. It is explanatory drawing which showed the optical disk which has a defect management function. It is explanatory drawing which showed replacement processing and DL. It is explanatory drawing which showed DL of the continuous defect. It is explanatory drawing which showed the overwrite process and DL. It is explanatory drawing which showed the overwrite process and DL. It is explanatory drawing which showed the optical disk which has a defect management function. It is explanatory drawing which showed the structure of the data frame which has ECC block information. It is explanatory drawing which showed the structure of the ECC block information which has the address information regarding replacement. It is explanatory drawing about the address space of an optical disk. It is explanatory drawing which showed the overwrite cancellation process and DL. It is explanatory drawing which showed handling of the defect in overwriting process, and DL. It is explanatory drawing which showed overwrite processing, overwrite cancellation processing, and DL. It is explanatory drawing which showed cancellation processing and DL of overwrite cancellation. It is explanatory drawing which showed the structure of the ECC block information which has the flag and address information regarding replacement. It is explanatory drawing which showed the structure of the management information for a physical address change cancellation process. It is a flowchart which shows the operation | movement with respect to a reproduction | regeneration command or a recording command. It is a flowchart which determines the flag and address value regarding replacement of ECC block information. It is a flowchart which shows the overwrite cancellation process using the flag and address information regarding replacement. It is a flowchart which shows the overwrite cancellation process using the address information regarding replacement. It is a flowchart which shows the cancellation process of overwriting cancellation using the address information regarding replacement.

  One of the modes for carrying out the invention is a write-once type optical disk recording apparatus.

  The write-once optical disc recording device is composed of an optical head equipped with an optical disk, a laser diode, and a photodetector, a recording / reproduction signal processing circuit that performs encoding processing for recording and decoding processing for reproduction, It consists of a control microcomputer that performs operation management, a servo circuit, an interface circuit with a host device including RAM, and an input / output terminal connected to the host device.

  Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  First, the data format used in the description of the present invention and the basic structure of the recording / reproducing apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 4 shows the configuration of the optical disc recording / reproducing apparatus.

  In FIG. 4, 401 is an optical disk, 402 is an optical head on which a laser diode and a photodetector are mounted, 403 is a recording / reproduction signal processing circuit that performs encoding processing for recording and decoding processing for reproduction, and 404 is each A control microcomputer that performs block operation management, 405 is a servo circuit, 406 is an interface circuit with a host device including a RAM, and 407 is an input / output terminal.

  At the time of reproduction, data recorded on the optical disc 401 is read from the optical head 402 and decoded in the recording / reproduction signal processing circuit 403. This decoding processing includes demodulation processing, error correction processing, and descrambling processing. The main data obtained after the decoding process is stored in the RAM in the interface circuit 406, and then sent to an external device (not shown) such as an external personal computer or an MPEG board via the input / output terminal 407. Is output. The control microcomputer 404 receives a command from a host device or the like, and uses the servo circuit 405 to access the data position of the designated optical disc 401 while performing rotation control of the optical disc 401, focus of the optical head 403, and tracking control. To control the reproduction of the entire apparatus.

  At the time of recording, main data is input from an external host device or the like via the input / output terminal 407. The input main data is stored in the RAM in the interface circuit 406, and after being subjected to encoding processing such as scramble processing, error correction encoding processing, modulation processing, etc. by the recording / reproducing signal processing circuit 403, Data is written to the optical disc 401 via the head 402. The control microcomputer 404 receives a command from the host device or the like, accesses the recording position on the optical disc 401 designated by using the servo circuit 405, and controls the recording of the entire device.

  Details of the data over-encoding process during recording handled here will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. FIG.

  FIG. 2 shows a data frame configuration method.

  Each main data consisting of 2048 bytes input from the input / output terminal 407 includes a 4-byte data identification code (ID) for data identification, a 2-byte IED which is an ID error detection code, and a spare data area. A certain 6-byte RSV is added. A 4-byte error detection code EDC for detecting an error included in the data is added to the last part of the data string, so that a data frame of 2064 bytes is formed in total. Each data unit is handled in the form of 172 bytes and 12 rows.

  FIG. 3 shows an ECC block configuration method.

  In this description, this ECC block is assumed to be a recording / reproduction unit.

  The 172-byte 12-row data frame configured as shown in FIG. 2 is subjected to scrambling and then constitutes an ECC block in units of 16 data frames. A 16-byte outer code (PO) is attached to each column in the vertical direction. Therefore, the ECC block has 208 rows by adding 16 rows of outer codes to 192 rows of data for 12 rows and 16 data frames. A 10-byte inner code (PI) is added to the data in each row to obtain 182 bytes of data.

  In the recording / reproduction signal processing circuit 403 at the time of encoding processing, the data of 182 bytes and 208 rows generated in this way is generated, and finally frequency modulation for limiting the frequency component included in the data is performed.

  Therefore, in the recording / reproducing apparatus that performs the alternation process, after the data is recorded, the data on the disk is immediately reproduced, and the reproduced data is compared with the main data remaining in the RAM, or an error occurs. Correction processing is performed to detect the number of errors included in the reproduced data, and it is confirmed whether the data has been recorded normally. As a result, if it is determined that recording could not be performed normally, recording at the same position is repeated, and eventually recording cannot be performed normally at this position, that is, if it is determined that this position is defective, the spare area A replacement process for recording user data remaining in the RAM in the interface circuit 406 is performed.

  When the optical disc 401 is a write-once optical disc, when a recording command is received from the host device, an unrecorded / recorded determination is performed before recording using a reproduction signal for the address included in the recording command, If the address has not been recorded, recording is performed. If the address has been recorded, it is handled as a defect, and the spare area is replaced.

  As a method for managing the recorded area of the optical disc, there are a method using an address registered in the DL table, a session recorded on the optical disc, track information, and a space bitmap. These methods can also be used for the unrecorded / recorded determination of the present invention.

  These replacement processes are performed in ECC blocks that are units of recording and reproduction.

  Next, specific means of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 used for the description of defect management of DVD-RAM.

  FIG. 1 shows an example of the configuration of ECC block information including a flag and an address relating to replacement for realizing the present invention.

  FIG. 11 shows a method for constructing a data frame including ECC block information.

  Each main data consisting of 2048 bytes includes a 4-byte data identification code (ID) for data identification, a 2-byte IED that is an ID error detection code, and a part of 6-byte ECC block information. The A 4-byte error detection code EDC for detecting an error included in the data is added to the last part of the data string, so that a data frame of 2064 bytes is formed in total.

  This data frame is handled in the form of 172 bytes and 12 rows, and shows a configuration method of the ECC block similar to the conventional one shown in FIG.

  Therefore, ECC block information is a data block composed of 6 bytes × 16 rows by superimposing 6-byte ECC block information in 16 data frames constituting one ECC block, and stores data in 6 bytes × 6 rows. Then, the remaining 10 rows are set as parity, thereby giving a correction capability higher than that of the main data. As a result, the ECC block information can be reproduced in many cases in which correction is impossible in the ECC block. Flag information is stored in the first 1 byte in the ECC block information, and address information before replacement is stored in 4 bytes. The flag information includes a 1-bit original flag, a 1-bit defect replacement flag, and a 6-bit reserved bit. The original flag indicates whether the data recorded in this ECC block is the first recording by the drive for this logical address included in the recording command from the host device, and the defect replacement flag indicates that this replacement is caused by a defect during the replacement process. Whether or not to be performed. The 4-byte address before replacement indicates the physical address corresponding to the head ID of the ECC block before replacement processing corresponding to this logical address, and 0 is recorded as the address value at the time of initial recording. Each time the replacement process is performed, the value is updated to the value used as the physical address corresponding to this logical address until just before. Therefore, this address value is used to leave a history of physical addresses corresponding to this logical address.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram of the disk for schematically explaining the overwrite process by the replacement process performed on the write-once optical disk, and also shows the DL by the overwrite process.

  Each DL includes a defective address in the user area and a replacement address in the spare area assigned by the replacement process. However, the defective address in the user area in this process is included in the instruction of the host device, and can be rephrased as the original physical address in the user area corresponding to the logical address to be overwritten. In the figure, the blacked out area indicates a used area in the spare area. Address M (actually indicates the head block ID of the ECC block, but in the description of the replacement process, indicates the entire ECC block) is an address indicating the next replacement position in the spare area. That is, when data is recorded at the address N of the user area that has already been recorded in this state, the user data recorded at the address N by the host device is recorded at the address M of the spare area. At this time, neither the original flag (OF) nor the defect replacement flag (DF) shown in FIG. 1 is set in the data of the address M recorded in the spare area, that is, it has a value of 0 and is included in the recording command. An address N corresponding to the logical address immediately before is included as a pre-change address (PID). The DL is newly composed of “address N”, “address M” and a status “alternate” indicating the relationship to indicate this information.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram of the disk for schematically explaining the overwrite process by the replacement process performed on the write-once type optical disk, and also shows the DL by the overwrite process.

  When data is recorded again at the address N in the user area after the state shown in FIG. 8, the user data arranged at the address N by the host device is recorded at the address L in the spare area. At this time, neither the original flag nor the defect replacement flag shown in FIG. 1 is set in the data of the address L recorded in the spare area, and the address M corresponding to the logical address included in the recording command is replaced. Included as previous address. In order to indicate this information, the DL is changed from “address N”, “address M” and status “alternate” indicating the relationship to “address N”, “address L” and status “alternate” indicating the relationship. Is done.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram of a disk when defect management is performed without a spare area.

  The optical disk is logically divided into lead-in, user area (data area), and lead-out. The DMA in the lead-in includes a DDS including information on the logical structure such as the start address of each logically divided area, and a DL composed of a plurality of DLs indicating correspondence between defective addresses and alternate addresses in the data area. A table is recorded. In the figure, several DLs constituting the DL table are shown. Each DL includes a defective address and a replacement address assigned by replacement processing. When it is determined that the address N of the user area is defective, the user data arranged at the address N by the host device is actually recorded at the address M. In order to indicate this information, the DL is composed of “address N”, “address M” and a status indicating the relationship, and a DL table is formed by overlapping the DL. Similarly, DL indicating that the replacement process from “address N + 1” to “address M + 1” has been performed, and the replacement process from “address N + 2” to “address M + 3” because the address M + 2 to be used as the replacement destination is defective. The DL indicating that has been performed is also included in the DL table. Also in this case, the description will be made by adding the flag information shown in FIG. 1 and the address assigned before the processing as data of “address M”, “address M + 1” and “address M + 2” assigned as alternate addresses. The same effect can be obtained.

  In other words, it is not important for the present invention to arrange the replacement address in the spare area.

  FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the relationship between the physical address of the optical disk logically divided into areas according to the purpose and the logical address included in various commands of the host device.

  The optical disk is logically divided into lead-in, data area, and lead-out, and the data area is further logically divided into a user area and a spare area according to the purpose. The start physical addresses of the lead-in and data areas are A and B, respectively, and the end physical address of the lead-out is C. A logical address is assigned only to the user area on the optical disc. When there is no registration in the DL, the physical address B + n is associated with the logical address n. However, when B + n is registered as a defective address of a DL, a logical address n corresponds to an alternate address that is a physical address in a spare area registered in the DL. Therefore, when the final address of the user area is B + a, 0 to a can be used as the logical address space.

  FIG. 12 shows an example of the configuration of ECC block information including addresses relating to replacement for realizing the present invention.

  FIG. 11 shows a method for constructing a data frame including ECC block information.

  As in FIG. 1, this is a data block configured in a format of 6 bytes × 16 rows, data is stored in 6 bytes × 6 rows, and ECC block information having the remaining 10 rows as parity has three types of 4-byte addresses. Information is stored. These address information are a pre-replacement address, an UNDO address, and a REDO address. The address before replacement indicates a physical address corresponding to the head ID of the ECC block before replacement processing corresponding to this logical address, and is originally converted from a logical address included in the instruction to the recording instruction from the higher-level device without using DL. When recording is performed on the physical address, 0 is recorded as the address value, and thereafter, every time replacement processing is performed on this logical address, the value is updated to the value used as the physical address corresponding to this logical address until just before. The The UNDO address indicates a physical address in which data used at the time of overwriting cancellation (UNDO processing) is recorded. Overwriting cancellation processing is performed as an address value at the time of initial recording to the logical address included in the instruction in the recording instruction from the host device. 0 is used to indicate that it is impossible, and thereafter, data is recorded at this logical address, that is, each time overwriting is performed, it is updated to the value used as the physical address corresponding to this logical address until just before. However, since valid data is not included in the defective ECC block at the time of replacement due to defect detection, the same physical address as the same address in the defective ECC block is used. The REDO address indicates the physical address where the data used during the “overwrite cancel” cancel process (REDO process) is recorded. 0 is used to indicate that processing is not possible.

  Therefore, these three types of address values are used to leave a history of physical addresses corresponding to this logical address.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram of the disk for schematically explaining the overwrite process by the replacement process performed on the write-once optical disk, and also shows the DL by the overwrite process.

  Each DL includes a defective address in the user area and a replacement address in the spare area assigned by the replacement process. However, the defective address in the user area in this process is included in the instruction of the host device, and can be rephrased as the original physical address in the user area corresponding to the logical address to be overwritten. In the figure, the blacked out area indicates a used area in the spare area. The address M is an address indicating the next replacement position in the spare area. That is, when data is recorded at the address N of the user area that has already been recorded in this state, the user data recorded at the address N by the host device is recorded at the address M of the spare area. At this time, in the data of the address M recorded in the spare area, the address N corresponding to the logical address included in the recording command shown in FIG. 12 until immediately before is used as the pre-change address (PID) as the UNDO address (UID). ) Similarly includes address N, and REDO address (RID) includes 0. The DL is newly composed of “address N”, “address M” and a status “alternate” indicating the relationship to indicate this information.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram of the disk for schematically explaining the overwrite process by the replacement process performed on the write-once type optical disk, and also shows the DL by the overwrite process.

  When data is recorded again at the address N in the user area after the state shown in FIG. 8, the user data arranged at the address N by the host device is recorded at the address L in the spare area. At this time, the data of the address L recorded in the spare area has the address M corresponding to the logical address included in the recording command shown in FIG. , 0 is included in the REDO address. In order to indicate this information, the DL is changed from “address N”, “address M” and status “alternate” indicating the relationship to “address N”, “address L” and status “alternate” indicating the relationship. Is done.

  Here, it will be described that information corresponding to the flag of FIG. 1 is obtained from the relationship between the three types of address information of FIG.

  The original flag indicating whether or not the data recorded in this ECC block is the first recording by the drive for the logical address included in the recording command from the host device is equivalent to whether or not the UNDO address is 0. The defect replacement flag indicating whether or not this replacement is caused by a defect during the replacement processing is equivalent to whether or not the UNDO address is equivalent to the replacement destination address. Therefore, it can be seen that all the information included in FIG. 1 can be obtained from the three types of address information shown in FIG.

  Next, an overwrite canceling process that can be realized by a write-once optical disc recording method that records data including the ECC block information shown in FIG. 1 or 12 and can logically perform the overwrite process will be described.

  FIG. 14 is a diagram of a disk for schematically explaining the overwrite canceling process performed on the write-once optical disk, and also shows a DL by the overwrite canceling process.

  When canceling the overwrite processing to the address N in the user area after the state shown in FIG. 9, it is detected from the replacement flag or address information in the ECC block information included in the data of the address L recorded in the spare area. The address is reassigned to the physical address M on the optical disk corresponding to the logical address included in the overwrite cancel command until just before.

  In order to indicate this information, DL changes from “address N”, “address L” and status “alternate” indicating the relationship to “address N”, “address M” and status “alternate” indicating the relationship. Will be corrected. In addition, after canceling the overwrite processing to the address N in the user area after the state of FIG. 8, on the optical disk corresponding to this logical address included in the instruction until immediately before being included in the data of the address M recorded in the spare area. DL is deleted from the DL table to indicate this information in order to reassign the physical address N to the physical address N again.

  However, in the method shown in FIG. 14, when “overwrite cancellation cancellation process” is performed after the overwrite cancellation process, that is, the DL is restored again to the original “address N”, “address L” and the status “alternate” indicating the relationship. For this purpose, it takes time and effort to reproduce the recorded alternate address in the spare area used after the address M and to search for the address L using the ECC block information included in the data.

  Therefore, in order to effectively perform the “overwrite cancellation cancellation process”, the overwrite process using the ECC block information shown in FIG. 12 is performed. This overwriting cancellation process will be described with reference to FIGS. 15, 16, and 17. FIG.

  FIG. 15 is a diagram of a disk for schematically explaining a situation in which a defect is detected during an overwriting process by a replacement process performed on a write-once optical disc, and two replacements occur in one overwrite process. It is a figure which shows DL by an overwrite process.

  Each DL includes a defective address in the user area and a replacement address in the spare area assigned by the replacement process. The address M is an address indicating the next replacement position in the spare area. When data is recorded in the address N of the user area that has already been recorded in this state, the user data recorded in the address N by the host device Is recorded at address M in the spare area. At this time, in the data of the address M recorded in the spare area, the address N corresponding to the logical address included in the recording command shown in FIG. 12 until immediately before is used as the pre-change address (PID) as the UNDO address (UID). ) Also includes address N and REDO address (RID) 0, and DL is composed of “address N”, “address M” and status “alternate” indicating the relationship to indicate this information. ing. However, the replacement recording for the overwriting process is completed, and when the data recorded at the replacement destination address M is reproduced, sufficient reproduction performance cannot be obtained and it is determined that the defect is a defect. The next replacement position is recorded. At this time, the address M corresponding to this logical address until the time immediately before the replacement process due to the defect is finally registered as the address before replacement in the data of the address L, and the UNDO address is the same as the UNDO address recorded in the defective address. The address N and REDO address contain 0, and this DL is modified to have a status “alternate” indicating “address N”, “address L” and the relationship to indicate this information.

  FIG. 16 is a diagram of the disk for schematically explaining the overwrite process and overwrite cancellation process performed on the write-once optical disk, and shows the change in DL due to the overwrite cancellation process and the subsequent overwrite cancellation process. is there.

  When data is recorded again at the address N in the user area after the state shown in FIG. 15, the user data arranged at the address N by the higher-level device is recorded at the address K in the spare area. At this time, the address L is registered as the pre-replacement address in the data of the address K recorded in the spare area, the UNDO address includes the same address L as the address similar to the PID, and the REDO address includes 0. In order to indicate this information, the DL is modified to a configuration of “address N”, “address K” and a status “alternate” indicating the relationship. Thereafter, when the data recording cancellation process at the address N in the user area is performed, the data at the address L (data B) recorded at the UNDO address included in the ECC block information at the address K is read again, and the ID, After remodulating additional information such as EDC, PI, and PO, the information is recorded on the optical disc. At this time, the address K is registered as the pre-replacement address in the data of the new replacement destination address J, and the overwrite processing cancellation processing is performed for the UNDO address, the same address N as the UID in the ECC block information of the address L, and the REDO address. K was associated with this logical address until immediately before it was read. As a result, the DL was modified to have a status of “address N”, “address J” and status “alternate” indicating the relationship to indicate this information. Is done.

  FIG. 17 is a diagram of the disc for schematically explaining the “overwrite cancel” cancel process performed on the write-once optical disc, and also shows a DL by the overwrite process.

  After the state shown in FIG. 16, when the “data recording cancel” cancel process of the address N in the user area is performed again, the data (data) of the address K recorded in the REDO address included in the ECC block information of the address J C) is read again, the additional information such as ID, EDC, PI, PO, etc. of the data is replaced and remodulated, and then recorded on the optical disc. At this time, the address J is registered as the pre-replacement address as the ECC block information of the new replacement destination address I, and the UNDO address includes J that was associated with this logical address until immediately before the overwrite processing cancellation processing is performed. The redo address has the same 0 as the UID in the ECC block information at address K. As a result, the DL is modified to have a configuration of “address N”, “address I” and status “alternate” indicating the relationship to indicate this information. Is done.

  A method of determining the UNDO address and the REDO address in the ECC block information stored in the newly recorded data during the overwrite cancel process, the “overwrite cancel” cancel process, and the replacement process due to a defect will be described with reference to FIGS. explain.

  FIG. 23 is a flowchart for determining each address information in the ECC block information added to data newly recorded at the time of overwriting cancellation processing.

  When performing the overwrite cancellation process, the pre-replacement address indicating the three types of addresses shown in FIG. 12 according to the following rules, that is, the physical address corresponding to the head ID of the ECC block before the replacement process corresponding to this logical address. , UNDO address indicating the physical address in which data used in the overwrite cancellation process (UNDO process) is recorded, REDO indicating the physical address in which data used in the cancellation process (REDO process) of “Overwrite cancellation” is recorded The address is determined.

  The latest physical address (X) corresponding to the logical address included in the overwrite cancellation command from the host device is derived from a predetermined calculation or DL, and the data recorded at the obtained physical address is reproduced. The UNDO address is read from the ECC block information in the ECC block demodulated from the reproduction data, and the data recorded at the physical address (Y) corresponding to the UNDO address is reproduced. In a state where the ECC block information of the ECC block obtained by demodulating the reproduction data is stored, a physical address derived from a predetermined operation or DL from a logical address included in the overwrite cancel instruction as “address before replacement” (X )-The same physical address (X) as the address before replacement as "REDO address"-The UNDO address of the ECC block information of the physical address (Y) corresponding to the UNDO address of the physical address (X) is set as "UNDO address".

  The ECC block information set in this way is used as new ECC block information of the ECC block recorded at the physical address (Y), and the modulated data that has been subjected to the modulation process again is assigned as a new recording position on the optical disk. Recorded in (Z).

  However, when newly recorded data is detected as a defect as a result in this overwriting process, the newly assigned physical address (Y) as the “address before replacement” is used before the new replacement of the ECC block information. It is replaced with an address and recorded again at a physical address assigned as a recording position.

  FIG. 24 is a flowchart for determining each address information in the ECC block information added to the data newly recorded at the time of the “overwrite cancel” cancel process.

  When the “overwrite cancel” cancel process is performed, the three types of addresses shown in FIG. 12 are determined according to the following rules.

  The latest physical address (X) corresponding to the logical address included in the “overwrite cancel” cancel command from the host device is derived from a predetermined operation or DL, and the data recorded at the obtained physical address is reproduced. Is called. The REDO address is read from the ECC block information in the ECC block demodulated from the reproduction data, and the data recorded at the physical address (Y) corresponding to the REDO address is reproduced. In a state where the ECC block information of the ECC block obtained by demodulating the reproduction data is stored, a physical address derived from a predetermined operation or DL from a logical address included in the overwrite cancel instruction as “address before replacement” (X ) • The REDO address of the ECC block information of the physical address (Y) corresponding to the REDO address of the physical address (X) is set as the “REDO address”. The same physical address (X) as the pre-replacement address is set as the “UNDO address”.

  The ECC block information set in this way is used as new ECC block information of the ECC block recorded at the physical address (Y), and the modulated data that has been subjected to the modulation process again is assigned as a new recording position on the optical disk. Recorded in (Z).

  However, when newly recorded data is detected as a defect as a result in this overwriting process, the newly assigned physical address (Y) as the “address before replacement” is used before the new replacement of the ECC block information. It is replaced with an address and recorded again at a physical address assigned as a recording position.

  Therefore, it can be understood that, among the UNDO address and the REDO address, the address information required as a unique address during UNDO processing is only the UNDO address, and the address information required as the unique address during REDO processing is only the REDO address.

  However, the pre-replacement address, the UNDO address, and the REDO address are all different due to the replacement process due to a defect that occurs during each process. However, the UNDO address or The defective ECC block reproduced by following the REDO address is skipped. That is, the ECC block information in the defective ECC block obtained from the main data of the ECC block recorded at the replacement address due to the defect and the pre-replacement address of the ECC block information. By using these in combination, the configuration shown in FIG. 12 can be simplified like the ECC block information shown in FIG.

  In the ECC block information of FIG. 18, 1-byte flag information, 4-byte address information before replacement, and 4-byte UNDO or REDO address information are stored. The flag information includes a 1-bit original flag, a 1-bit defect replacement flag, a 1-bit UNDO flag, and a 5-bit reserve bit. The original flag indicates whether the data recorded in this ECC block is the first recording by the drive for this logical address included in the recording command from the host device, and the defect replacement flag indicates that this replacement is caused by a defect during the replacement process. The UNDO flag indicates whether the replacement is performed due to UNDO during the replacement process. The 4-byte address before replacement indicates the physical address corresponding to the head ID of the ECC block before replacement processing corresponding to this logical address, and 0 is recorded as the address value at the time of initial recording. Each time the replacement process is performed, the value is updated to the value used as the physical address corresponding to this logical address until just before. The UNDO or REDO address is used in combination with the UNDO flag, and when the address other than 0 is set and the UNDO flag is set, it becomes the UNDO address in FIG. 12 and is used during the overwrite cancellation process (UNDO process). Indicates a recorded physical address, and if the address is set to a value other than 0 and the UNDO flag is not set, the REDO address in FIG. 12 is obtained, and data used in the overwrite cancellation process (REDO process) is recorded. Physical address.

  Therefore, it can be understood that the overwrite cancel processing similar to FIG. 12 and the “overwrite cancel” cancel processing can be realized from the several bits of flag information and two types of address information shown in FIG.

  Next, it is possible to record a part of the information necessary for the overwrite cancel processing in the write-once optical disc capable of logical overwriting and the “overwrite cancel” cancel processing described with reference to FIGS. 12 and 18 in addition to the ECC block information. This will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the management information (UL) for physical address change cancellation processing.

  This physical address change cancellation processing management information is recorded in the management area of the optical disc such as lead-in as in the case of DDS and DL. Further, the management information for physical address change cancellation processing is configured by superimposing a plurality of lists, and each list is configured by operation information, target address information, and supplemental address information. When these pieces of information are associated with the information described with reference to FIG. 18, the operation information corresponds to the UNDO flag, and the supplemental address information corresponds to “UNDO or REDO address”. The target address information means physical address information of the ECC block, that is, the head ID of the ECC block.

  Accordingly, from the description of FIGS. 12 and 18, it is possible to perform overwrite cancellation processing and “overwrite cancellation” cancellation processing by combining the management information for physical address change cancellation processing and the technology of the ECC block information shown in FIG. 1. As can be seen, this is effective when there is no sufficient reserved area in the ECC block information. However, since the number of lists constituting the management information for physical address change cancellation processing needs to be limited, it is necessary to take countermeasures such as automatically deleting the list from the oldest when the number of lists reaches the limit.

  Finally, the configuration and operation of an optical disk recording apparatus that realizes “overwrite cancellation” and “cancel overwrite cancellation” with respect to the write-once optical disk recording system that realizes the logical overwriting described above will be described.

  The configuration of the optical disc recording apparatus is the same as that of the optical disc recording / reproducing apparatus shown in FIG.

  In FIG. 4, 401 is an optical disk, 402 is an optical head on which a laser diode and a photodetector are mounted, 403 is a recording / reproduction signal processing circuit that performs encoding processing for recording and decoding processing for reproduction, and 404 is each A control microcomputer that performs block operation management, 405 is a servo circuit, 406 is an interface circuit with a host device including a RAM, and 407 is an input / output terminal.

  At the time of recording, a command for instructing a drive operation and, if necessary, main data and the like are input from an external host device via the input / output terminal 407. When a recording command is input in a normal drive operation as in the past, the control microcomputer 405 obtains a physical address corresponding to the logical address included in the recording command using the address information and DL of each area recorded in the DDS. Whether the physical address area is recorded or not is determined. If the physical address has already been recorded, after modifying the DL table and assigning a new physical address, a data transfer instruction is sent to the host device, and the main data transferred from the host device is The data is stored in the RAM in the interface circuit 406 in accordance with an instruction from the control microcomputer 405. At the same time, the control microcomputer 405 uses the servo circuit 405 to perform seek processing to the obtained physical address, and the recording / reproduction signal processing circuit 403 performs coding processing such as scramble processing, error correction coding processing, and modulation processing. After that, a write process is performed on a newly assigned physical address area on the optical disc 401 via the optical head 402. If the physical address has not been recorded, a data transfer instruction is similarly sent to the host device, and the main data transferred from the host device is stored in the RAM in the interface circuit 406 in accordance with the instruction from the control microcomputer 405. Stored in At the same time, the control microcomputer 405 performs seek processing to the obtained physical address using the servo circuit 405, and the recording / playback signal processing circuit 403 performs coding processing such as scramble processing, error correction coding processing, modulation processing, and the like. After that, writing processing is performed on the target physical address area on the optical disc 401 via the optical head 402.

  In order to confirm the quality of the data recorded in the predetermined physical address area on the optical disk in this way, the control microcomputer 405 performs a seek process to the newly recorded physical address using the servo circuit 405, and the optical head The recording / playback signal processing circuit 403 performs demodulation processing and error correction processing via the block 402, and determines whether or not recording has been performed normally according to the frequency of errors in the detected playback data. When the control microcomputer 405 determines that the recording is normally performed, that is, the influence of the defect is not observed in the recording area, the control microcomputer 405 notifies the upper apparatus via the interface circuit 406 that the recording has been normally completed, and the recording is performed. Is not normally performed, that is, when the recording area can be determined to be defective, a new recording area is set in the spare area and the same writing process is performed.

  The flowchart in FIG. 20 shows an algorithm of a series of recording / reproducing operations of this recording apparatus.

  Further, the flowchart of FIG. 21 shows various flag information and address information creation algorithms performed during the recording process. This algorithm is performed in the recording process of FIG. When the physical address corresponding to the logical address included in the recording command from the host device is not recorded, the original flag is set and the ECC block information is created while the other information is not set. If it has already been recorded, recording is performed by overwriting, and the physical address corresponding to the logical address before accepting this recording command is set as the logical address before replacement, and the physical address corresponding to the logical address without replacement is If it is not registered as a defective address in the DL list in the DMA, it can be determined that the recording is the first recording to the logical address included in the recording command, so the original flag is set. Next, if the reason for this replacement is due to a defect, a defect flag is set, and if it is due to “overwrite cancel” or “cancel overwrite cancel”, the REDO address is set by the method shown in FIGS. Finally, an appropriate UNDO address is set according to each situation, and ECC block information is created.

  These various determinations are usually made by the control microcomputer 405 in the optical disk recording apparatus.

  Also, the control for various commands from the host device performed using the information recorded on the optical disc 401 is appropriately determined by the control microcomputer 405 and performed in the same manner.

  FIG. 22 is a flowchart showing the operation of the optical disk recording apparatus in the overwrite canceling process described with reference to FIG. When an overwrite cancel command is input from the host device, the control microcomputer 405 obtains a physical address corresponding to the logical address included in the overwrite cancel command using the address information and DL of each area recorded in the DDS. The seek signal to the physical address is performed using the servo circuit 405, and the reproduction signal read from the predetermined physical address via the optical head 402 is subjected to demodulation processing and error correction processing in the recording / reproduction signal processing circuit 403, The data is taken into the RAM 406 in the interface. When the value of the defect flag in the ECC block management information is not set from the demodulated ECC block, the DL table for reassigning the pre-replacement address to a new physical address is corrected. If the value of the defect flag in the ECC block management information is set, the same process is repeated with the address before replacement as the next reproduction physical address.

  The method for performing “overwrite cancellation processing” and “overwrite cancellation cancellation processing” of a write-once optical disc that can be overwritten, and the recording apparatus for realizing it have been described above, but the content of the text is described as an example. However, it is impossible to touch on all the data structures and information combinations that can obtain the same effect, but those that can obtain the same effect are included in the scope of the present invention.

  401 optical disk, 402 optical head, 403 recording / reproducing signal processing circuit, 404 control microcomputer, 405 servo circuit, 406 interface circuit, 407 input / output terminal.

Claims (4)

A write-once optical disc recording method having a lead-in area, a lead-out area, and a user area ,
In response to the first recording command including the first logical address corresponding to the physical address in the user area of the write-once optical disc, the recording area indicated by the first physical address in the user area corresponding to the first logical address is If the replacement destination is not assigned to the first physical address, the replacement destination is the second physical address in the user area indicating the unrecorded recording area corresponding to the first logical address. As a new allocation, execute the recording process in the recording area indicated by the second physical address,
In response to a second recording command including a first logical address performed after recording by the first recording command , a third physical address in a user area indicating an unrecorded recording area in the first logical address Is newly assigned as a replacement destination, and a recording process is executed in the recording area indicated by the third physical address,
The data recorded in the recording area indicated by the second physical address assigned as the replacement destination is information indicating that it is the first replacement recording for the first logical address, and recording by the first recording command First physical address information corresponding to the first logical address immediately before
The data recorded in the recording area indicated by the third physical address assigned as the replacement destination is information indicating that it is not the first replacement recording for the first logical address, and recording by the second recording command And a second physical address information corresponding to the first logical address immediately before the recording method. A write-once optical disc recording apparatus having a lead-in area, a lead-out area, and a user area ,
I / O terminals for receiving various commands and data from the host device,
Control means for managing the operation of the recording device;
An interface circuit with the host device;
A recording / reproducing signal processing circuit for performing an encoding process,
In response to the first recording command including the first logical address corresponding to the physical address in the user area of the write-once optical disc, the recording area indicated by the first physical address in the user area corresponding to the first logical address is If the replacement destination is not assigned to the first physical address, the replacement destination is the second physical address in the user area indicating the unrecorded recording area corresponding to the first logical address. As a new allocation, execute the recording process in the recording area indicated by the second physical address,
In response to a second recording command including a first logical address performed after recording by the first recording command , a third physical address in a user area indicating an unrecorded recording area in the first logical address Is newly assigned as a replacement destination, and a recording process is executed in the recording area indicated by the third physical address,
The data recorded in the recording area indicated by the second physical address assigned as the replacement destination is information indicating that it is the first replacement recording for the first logical address, and recording by the first recording command First physical address information corresponding to the first logical address immediately before
The data recorded in the recording area indicated by the third physical address assigned as the replacement destination is information indicating that it is not the first replacement recording for the first logical address, and recording by the second recording command And a second physical address information corresponding to the first logical address immediately before. A write-once optical disc playback method having a lead-in area, a lead-out area, and a user area ,
The write-once optical disc is
For the first recording instruction including a first logical address corresponding to the physical address in the user area, recording area indicated by the first physical address in the user area in the recorded corresponding to the first logical address, If no replacement destination is assigned to the first physical address, a second physical address in the user area indicating an unrecorded recording area corresponding to the first logical address is newly assigned as a replacement destination. And a recording process is executed in the recording area indicated by the second physical address,
In response to a second recording command including the first logical address, which is performed after recording by the first recording command , a third physical in the user area indicating an unrecorded recording area at the first logical address. An address is newly assigned as a replacement destination, and a recording process is executed in the recording area indicated by the third physical address,
Further, the data recorded in the recording area indicated by the second physical address assigned as the replacement destination includes information indicating the first replacement recording for the first logical address, and the first recording command. Immediately before recording by the first physical address information corresponding to the first logical address,
The data recorded in the recording area indicated by the third physical address assigned as the replacement destination includes information indicating that it is not the first replacement recording for the first logical address, and recording by the second recording command Is a write-once optical disc including second physical address information corresponding to the first logical address immediately before
Reading a defect list from the write-once optical disc;
From the data recorded in the recording area indicated by the second physical address of the write-once optical disc, information indicating the first alternate recording for the first logical address, and recording by the first recording command Reading the first physical address information corresponding to the first logical address immediately before;
From the data recorded in the recording area indicated by the third physical address, information indicating that it is not the first alternate recording for the first logical address, and the first immediately before recording by the second recording command Reading second physical address information corresponding to the logical address of
A playback method including: The reproduction method according to claim 3, wherein
Information indicating the first alternate recording for the first logical address; first physical address information corresponding to the first logical address immediately before recording by the first recording command; Based on information indicating that the recording is not the first replacement recording for the first logical address, and second physical address information corresponding to the first logical address immediately before recording by the second recording command. And confirming the replacement information managed in the defect list.

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