JP5382181B2 - Developing device, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an image forming apparatus using an electrophotographic system such as a copying machine, a printer, a facsimile machine, or a multi-function machine thereof, and a developing device and a process cartridge installed therein. The present invention relates to a premix developing type developing device, a process cartridge, and an image forming apparatus that appropriately supply carriers.

  Conventionally, in an image forming apparatus such as a copying machine or a printer, a new carrier is appropriately replenished to a developing device containing a two-component developer composed of toner and carrier (including the case where an additive is added). There is a known technique (referred to as a premix development method) (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

  In a developing device using a two-component developer, toner is appropriately replenished into the developing device from a toner replenishing port provided in a part of the developing device according to toner consumption in the developing device. The replenished toner is agitated and mixed together with the developer in the developing device by a conveying member (agitating member) such as a conveying screw. Part of the stirred and mixed developer is supplied to the developing roller. After the developer carried on the developing roller is regulated to an appropriate amount by the doctor blade, the toner in the two-component developer adheres to the latent image on the photosensitive drum at a position facing the photosensitive drum.

  As described above, since the carrier in the two-component developer accommodated in the developing device in the normal developing process remains in the developing device without being consumed, the carrier deteriorates with time. Specifically, the carrier is agitated and mixed for a long time in the developing device, so that the coating layer of the carrier is worn or peeled off and the charging ability of the carrier is reduced, or the toner on the surface of the carrier. The “spent phenomenon” in which the chargeability of the carrier decreases due to adhesion of components and additives occurs.

The premix development method is for preventing the deterioration of the image quality of the output image due to the deterioration of the carrier over time. That is, a new carrier (or a new two-component developer) is appropriately supplied into the developing device, and a part of the two-component developer accommodated in the developing device is appropriately discharged to the outside of the developing device. The number of deteriorated carriers in the apparatus is reduced to maintain the amount of carriers accommodated in the developing apparatus and the charging ability.
An image forming apparatus using such a premix developing system has an image quality of an output image over time as compared to a developing apparatus or an apparatus that needs to replace the carrier with a new one every time the carrier deteriorates over time. Will be stabilized.

  On the other hand, Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, and the like disclose a developing device using a premix developing method and using an overflow method as a means for discharging the developer from the developing device to the outside. Specifically, a discharge port (hole) is provided in the wall portion of the developing device, and when the developer surface of the developer conveyed to that position exceeds a predetermined height, the developer (supplemented by replenishing the carrier) Is discharged from the discharge port to the outside.

  Further, in Patent Document 2, etc., the screw part (blade) of the conveying member (stirring conveying member) opposed to the discharging port for the purpose of reducing the amount of developer discharged from the discharging port (developer discharging port). A technique for removing (or reducing the diameter) is disclosed.

In the premix developing type developing device described in Patent Document 1 and the like described above, not only the developer to be discharged but also the necessary developer is discharged from the discharge port, and the developer in the developing device is excessively discharged. As a result, the developer amount may be insufficient. Specifically, only the developer whose surface has exceeded a predetermined height should be discharged from the discharge port, whereas the developer bounced up by the conveying member is also discharged from the discharge port. I was sorry.
In this way, if the amount of developer in the developing device is insufficient, the deterioration state of the developer becomes unstable or the charge amount of the toner decreases, resulting in problems such as a decrease in image density on the output image. Will occur.

  In order to solve such a problem, in Patent Document 2, etc., the screw portion of the conveying member facing the discharge port is removed (or reduced in diameter). However, as a result of repeated research by the inventor of the present application, the problem that the developer splashed up by the transport member is discharged from the discharge port is sufficiently suppressed only by removing the screw portion of the transport member facing the discharge port. I came to know that I can't.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and the developer splashed up by the conveying member is not discharged from the apparatus, and the amount of developer discharged outside may vary. It is another object of the present invention to provide a premix developing type developing device, a process cartridge, and an image forming apparatus in which the image quality of an output image is stable.

The inventor of the present application has come to know the following matters as a result of repeated studies to solve the above-mentioned problems.
That is, a receiving portion (pocket portion) protruding outside the conveyance path is provided so that the developer splashed by the conveyance member collides with the wall portion of the receiving portion and a part of the developer that has flowed into the receiving portion. By discharging the toner from the discharge port, it is possible to sufficiently suppress the problem that the developer splashed up by the conveying member is discharged from the discharge port.

The present invention is based on the matters described above. That is, the developing device according to the first aspect of the present invention accommodates a developer having a carrier and a toner and is formed on an image carrier. A developing device for developing a latent image, a plurality of conveying members for conveying a developer contained in the device in a longitudinal direction to form a circulation path, and a supply means for newly supplying a carrier into the device; A receiving portion that is recessed toward the outside with respect to the conveyance path by one conveyance member among the plurality of conveyance members, and a part of the developer conveyed in the conveyance path is flowed in and out; The receiving portion includes a wall portion covering a side corresponding to the downstream side of the transport path and a developer surface when the developer surface that has flowed into the receiving portion exceeds a predetermined height. Outlet for discharging agent to the outside of the device , Comprising a, the outlet is one disposed on the side corresponding to the upstream side of the transport path in the receiving unit.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the developing device according to the first aspect, wherein the receiving portion is formed such that a bottom portion thereof is inclined downward toward the conveyance path. It is.

A developing device according to a third aspect of the present invention is the developing device according to the first or second aspect, wherein the receiving portion is formed on the downstream side of the conveying path.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the developing device according to any one of the first to third aspects , wherein the receiving portion is arranged upstream of the conveying path with respect to the receiving portion. A partition having an opening of a bypass path for returning a part of the developer to the upstream side of the circulation path without passing through the provided position, and separating the bypass path and the receiving portion outside the transport path It has a wall.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the developing device according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the developer carrying member that faces the image carrier and carries the developer is provided. A plurality of conveying members, a first conveying member that faces the developer carrying member and supplies the developer to the developer carrying member; and a developer carrier that is below the first conveying member and that is below the first conveying member A second conveyance member that conveys the developer that is disposed at a position opposite to the developer carrier and that is separated from the developer carrying member, and a conveyance path by which the developer conveyed by the second conveyance member is conveyed by the first conveyance member A third conveying member that conveys upstream of the first conveying member, and a wall that separates the conveying path by the first conveying member, the conveying path by the second conveying member, and the conveying path by the third conveying member. The one conveying member It is obtained by the first conveying member.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the developing device according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the supply means newly supplies toner together with the carrier into the apparatus. is there.

A process cartridge according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is a process cartridge that is detachably installed on the main body of the image forming apparatus, and the developing device according to any one of the first to sixth aspects. And the image carrier.

An image forming apparatus according to an eighth aspect of the invention includes the developing device according to any one of the first to sixth aspects and the image carrier.

  In the present application, the “process cartridge” refers to a charging unit that charges the image carrier, a developing unit (developing device) that develops a latent image formed on the image carrier, and a cleaning on the image carrier. At least one of the cleaning units and the image carrier are defined as a unit that is integrated and detachably installed on the image forming apparatus main body.

  The present invention provides a receiving portion (pocket portion) that protrudes to the outside of the conveyance path so that the developer bounced up by the conveying member collides with the wall portion of the receiving portion, and the developer flowing into the receiving portion Since a part of the developer is discharged from the discharge port, the developer bounced up by the conveying member is not discharged from the apparatus, and there is no variation in the amount of developer discharged to the outside. It is possible to provide a premix developing type developing device, a process cartridge, and an image forming apparatus.

1 is an overall configuration diagram illustrating an image forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a process cartridge installed in the image forming apparatus of FIG. 1. It is an enlarged view which shows a developing device. It is sectional drawing which looked at the circulation path in a developing device to the longitudinal direction. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the Y1-Y1 cross section in the circulation path | route of FIG. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the Y2-Y2 cross section in the circulation path | route of FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a state in which a wavy bias is generated in the developer in the circulation path of FIG. 4. It is a top view which shows the vicinity of a pocket part. It is a perspective view which shows the vicinity of a pocket part. It is a perspective view which shows the vicinity of a pocket part from another angle. It is a perspective view which shows the vicinity of a pocket part from another angle. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the developer splashed up by the first transport member enters the discharge port.

Embodiment.
Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, in each figure, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the part which is the same or it corresponds, The duplication description is simplified or abbreviate | omitted suitably.

First, the configuration and operation of the entire image forming apparatus in the embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
The writing units 2A to 2D are devices for writing an electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive drum 21 (image carrier) after the charging process based on image information. The writing units 2A to 2D are optical scanning devices using polygon mirrors 3A to 3D, optical elements 4A to 4D, and the like. An LED array can be used as the writing unit instead of the optical scanning device.
The paper feed unit 61 stores a transfer material P such as recording paper or OHP, and feeds the transfer material P toward the transfer belt 30 during image formation.

The transfer belt 30 is an endless belt for transferring the toner image formed on the photosensitive drum 21 onto the transfer material P by electrostatically attracting and transferring the transfer material P to the surface thereof. A suction roller 64 and a belt cleaner 65 are provided on the outer peripheral surface.
The transfer roller 24 that faces the photosensitive drum 21 via the transfer belt 30 includes a cored bar and a conductive elastic layer that covers the cored bar. The conductive elastic layer of the transfer roller 24 is prepared by blending and dispersing a conductive agent such as carbon black, zinc oxide or tin oxide in an elastic material such as polyurethane rubber or ethylene-propylene-diene polyethylene (EPDM). It is an elastic body whose (volume resistivity) is adjusted to medium resistance.

The fixing unit 66 includes a heating roller 68 and a pressure roller 67 and fixes the toner image on the transfer material P to the transfer material P by pressure and heat.
The four process cartridges 20Y, 20C, 20M, and 20BK arranged in the vertical direction along the transfer belt 30 are for forming toner images of yellow, cyan, magenta, and black, respectively.

On each of the process cartridges 20Y, 20C, 20M, and 20BK, an agent cartridge as a supply unit that supplies a carrier (magnetic carrier) and toner (toner particles) of each color (yellow, cyan, magenta, black) to the developing device 23. 28Y, 28C, 28M, and 28BK are installed.
The process cartridges 20Y, 20C, 20M, and 20BK and the agent cartridges 28Y, 28C, 28M, and 28BK can be attached to and detached from the apparatus main body 1 by opening the transfer belt 30 around the rotation support shaft.

  The image forming apparatus according to the present embodiment is a composite image forming apparatus that functions as a copying machine and a printer. When functioning as a copying machine, the image information read from the scanner is subjected to various image processing such as A / D conversion, MTF correction, gradation processing, etc., and converted into writing data. In the case of functioning as a printer, image processing is performed on image information in a format such as a page description language or a bitmap transmitted from a computer or the like, and converted into write data.

  At the time of image formation, exposure light corresponding to the image information of black, magenta, cyan, and yellow is irradiated from the writing units 2A to 2D to the process cartridges 20BK, 20M, 20C, and 20Y, respectively. That is, exposure light (laser light) emitted from each light source passes through the polygon mirrors 3A to 3D, the optical elements 4A to 4D, and is irradiated onto each photosensitive drum 21. Thus, a toner image corresponding to the exposure light is formed on the photosensitive drum 21 (image carrier) of each process cartridge 20BK, 20M, 20C, 20Y. The toner image is transferred to the transfer material P.

  The material to be transferred P fed from the paper feeding unit 61 is conveyed to the position of the transfer belt 30 at the timing of the registration roller 63 and the timing. The suction roller 64 disposed at the feeding position of the transfer belt 30 causes the transfer belt 30 to suck the material to be transferred P fed by voltage application. As the transfer belt 30 travels in the direction of the arrow, the transfer material P moves sequentially through the positions of the process cartridges 20Y, 20C, 20M, and 20BK, and the toner images of the respective colors are superimposed and transferred.

  The material P to which the color toner image is transferred is separated from the transfer belt 30 and reaches the fixing unit 66. The toner image on the transfer material P is fixed on the transfer material P by being heated while being sandwiched between the heating roller 68 and the pressure roller 67. On the other hand, the surface of the transfer belt 30 after the transfer material P is separated reaches the position of the belt cleaner 65, and dirt such as toner adhering to the surface is cleaned.

Next, the process cartridge and the agent cartridge in the image forming apparatus will be described in detail.
The process cartridges 20Y, 20C, 20M, and 20BK have substantially the same structure, and the agent cartridges 28Y, 28C, 28M, and 28BK have substantially the same structure. The alphabet (Y, C, M, BK) is removed for illustration. In addition, the writing unit is illustrated by removing the alphabet (A to D).

  FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the process cartridge 20 and the agent cartridge 28 installed in the apparatus main body 1. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing the developing device 23 installed in the process cartridge 20. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the circulation path in the developing device 23 as viewed from the direction of the arrow X shown in FIG. 3 in the longitudinal direction. FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a Y1-Y1 cross section of the circulation path in the developing device 23 of FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a Y2-Y2 cross section of the circulation path in the developing device 23 of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 2, the process cartridge 20 includes a photosensitive drum 21 as an image carrier, a charging unit 22, a developing device 23 (developing unit), and a cleaning unit 25, and is a premix developing unit. System (development system in which carrier is replenished / discharged as appropriate) is adopted.
The photosensitive drum 21 as an image carrier is a negatively charged organic photosensitive member, and is rotationally driven counterclockwise by a rotation driving mechanism (not shown).

The charging unit 22 is a charging roller having elasticity, in which a medium-resistance foamed urethane layer in which a urethane resin, carbon black as conductive particles, a sulfurizing agent, a foaming agent, and the like are formed in a roller shape on a core metal. The material of the middle resistance layer of the charging unit 22 is urethane, ethylene-propylene-diene polyethylene (EPDM), butadiene acrylonitrile rubber (NBR), silicone rubber, isoprene rubber, etc. It is also possible to use a rubber material in which a conductive material such as the above is dispersed or a foamed material of these materials.
The cleaning unit 25 is provided with a cleaning brush (or cleaning blade) that is in sliding contact with the photosensitive drum 21, and mechanically removes and collects untransferred toner on the photosensitive drum 21.

  In the developing device 23, two developing rollers 23a1 and 23a2 as developer carrying members are disposed so as to be close to the photosensitive drum 21, and the photosensitive drum 21 and the magnetic brush are in contact with each other at both opposing portions. A development area is formed. In the developing device 23, a developer G (two-component developer) composed of toner T and carrier C is accommodated. The developing device 23 develops the electrostatic latent image formed on the photosensitive drum 21 (forms a toner image). The configuration and operation of the developing device 23 will be described in detail later.

Here, the developing device 23 in the present embodiment is of a premix developing system, and a new carrier C (developer G) is appropriately supplied from the agent cartridge 28 into the developing device 23 and deteriorated. The developer G thus discharged is discharged toward the agent storage container 70 installed outside the developing device 23.
Referring to FIG. 2, the agent cartridge 28 accommodates developer G (toner T and carrier C) to be supplied into the developing device 23 therein. The agent cartridge 28 functions as a toner cartridge that supplies new toner T to the developing device 23, and also functions as a supply unit that supplies new carrier C to the developing device 23. Specifically, the shutter mechanism 80 is based on the information of the toner density (the ratio of the toner in the developer G) detected by the magnetic sensor 26 (see FIG. 4) installed in the developing device 23. The developer G is appropriately supplied from the agent cartridge 28 serving as a supply unit into the developing device 23.
In the present embodiment, the mixing ratio (toner concentration) of the toner T with respect to the carrier C in the developer G of the agent cartridge 28 is set to be relatively high.

  The supply pipe 29 serving as a supply means is for reliably guiding the developer G (toner T and carrier C) supplied from the agent cartridge 28 into the developing device 23. That is, the developer G discharged from the agent cartridge 28 is supplied into the developing device 23 via the supply pipe 29.

Next, an image forming process performed on the photosensitive drum 21 will be described.
Referring to FIG. 2, when the photosensitive drum 21 is driven to rotate counterclockwise, first, the surface of the photosensitive drum 21 is uniformly charged at the position of the charging unit 22. Thereafter, the surface of the charged photosensitive drum 21 reaches the irradiation position of the exposure light L, and an exposure process by the writing unit 2 is performed. That is, by selectively removing the charge on the photosensitive drum 21 in accordance with the image information by irradiation with the exposure light L, a difference (potential contrast) from the potential of the non-image portion that has not been irradiated is generated, and electrostatic latent Form an image. In this exposure step, the charge generation material receives light in the photosensitive layer of the photosensitive drum 21 to generate charges, and among these holes, the holes cancel out the charged charges on the surface of the photosensitive drum 21.

Thereafter, the surface of the photosensitive drum 21 on which the latent image is formed reaches a position facing the developing device 23. The electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive drum 21 comes into contact with the magnetic brush on the developing rollers 23a1 and 23a2, and the negatively charged toner T in the magnetic brush is attached and visualized.
Specifically, the developer G pumped up by the magnetic force generated by the magnetic poles of the upper developing roller 23a1 is adjusted to an appropriate amount by the doctor blade 23c, and then the developing region (the two developing rollers 23a1, 23a2 and the photosensitive drum 21). The carrier C spiked in the development area rubs the photosensitive drum 21. At this time, the toner T mixed with the carrier C is negatively charged due to friction with the carrier C. On the other hand, the carrier C is positively charged. A predetermined developing bias is applied to the developing rollers 23a1 and 23a2 from a power supply unit (not shown). As a result, an electric field is formed between the developing rollers 23a1 and 23a2 and the photosensitive drum 21, and the negatively charged toner T is selectively attached only to the image portion on the photosensitive drum 21 by the electric field, and the toner image. Form.

Thereafter, the surface of the photosensitive drum 21 on which the toner image is formed reaches a position facing the transfer belt 30 and the transfer roller 24. Then, the toner image on the photosensitive drum 21 is transferred onto the transfer material P conveyed to the opposite position in accordance with this timing. At this time, a predetermined voltage is applied to the transfer roller 24.
Thereafter, the transfer material P to which the toner image is transferred passes through the fixing unit 66 and is discharged from the discharge roller 69 to the outside of the apparatus.

On the other hand, the toner T (untransferred toner) remaining on the photosensitive drum 21 without being transferred to the transfer material P during the transfer process reaches a portion facing the cleaning unit 25 while remaining on the photosensitive drum 21. The untransferred toner on the photosensitive drum 21 is removed and collected by the cleaning unit 25.
Thereafter, the surface of the photosensitive drum 21 passes through a static elimination unit (not shown), and a series of image forming processes on the photosensitive drum 21 is completed.

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the developing device 23 will be described in detail.
Referring to FIG. 3, the developing device 23 includes developing rollers 23a1 and 23a2 as developer carriers, conveying screws 23b1 to 23b3 (auger screws) as conveying members, a doctor blade 23c, a carrier collecting roller 23k, and a scraper 23m. , The discharge screw 23n, and the like. Further, in the developing device 23, three developer conveying portions B1 to B3 (conveying paths) that convey the developer G and form a circulation path are formed.

The developing rollers 23a1 and 23a2 are configured such that a sleeve formed of a nonmagnetic material such as aluminum, brass, stainless steel, or conductive resin in a cylindrical shape is rotated clockwise by a rotation driving mechanism (not shown). . In the sleeves of the developing rollers 23a1 and 23a2, a magnet for forming a magnetic field is fixed so as to cause the developer G to rise on the peripheral surface of the sleeve. The carrier C in the developer G rises in a chain shape on the sleeve so as to follow the normal magnetic field lines emitted from the magnet. The charged toner T is attached to the carrier C that is spiked in a chain shape to form a magnetic brush. The magnetic brush is transferred in the same direction (clockwise) as the sleeve by the rotation of the sleeve.
The doctor blade 23c is installed on the upstream side of the developing area, and regulates the developer on the first developing roller 23a1 to an appropriate amount.

Each of the three transport screws 23b1 to 23b3 has a screw portion spirally formed on the shaft portion, and the developer G accommodated in the developing device 23 is in the longitudinal direction (in the direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 2). )) While circulating.
The first conveying screw 23b1 as the first conveying member (one conveying member) is disposed at a position facing the developing roller 23a1 in the first developer conveying portion B1, and the developer G is horizontally disposed. The developer 23a is supplied onto the developing roller 23a1 while being conveyed (the conveyance in the left direction indicated by the white arrow in FIG. 4). In other words, the first developer transport unit B1 faces the developing roller 23a1 and supplies the developer G to the developing roller 23a1 while transporting the developer G in the longitudinal direction (the rotational axis direction of the developing roller 23a1).

The second transport screw 23b2 as the second transport member is installed in the second developer transport section B2. The second transport screw 23b2 is disposed below the first transport screw 23b1 and at a position facing the developing roller 23a2. Then, the developer G separated from the developing roller 23a2 (the developer G forcibly separated from the developing roller 23a2 by the agent separation pole after the developing step) is conveyed in the horizontal direction (indicated by a white arrow in FIG. 4). It is a left-hand conveyance.) In other words, the second developer transport unit B2 is disposed at a position below the first developer transport unit B1 and facing the developing roller 23a2, and the developer G detached from the developing roller 23a2 is disposed in the longitudinal direction. Transport in the direction.
The first transport screw 23b1 and the second transport screw 23b2 are arranged so that the rotation axis is substantially horizontal, like the developing rollers 23a1 and 23a2 and the photosensitive drum 21.

  The third transport screw 23b3 as the third transport member is installed in the third developer transport section B3. The third transport screw 23b3 is disposed obliquely with respect to the horizontal direction so as to linearly connect the downstream side of the transport path by the second transport screw 23b2 and the upstream side of the transport path by the first transport member 23b1. (See FIG. 4). The third transport screw 23b3 transports the developer G transported by the second transport screw 23b2 to the upstream side of the transport path by the first transport member 23b1, and from the downstream side of the transport path by the first transport screw 23b1. The developer G circulated through the drop path 23f is transported to the upstream side of the transport path by the first transport member 23b1 (the transport is obliquely upward to the right indicated by the white arrow in FIG. 4). In other words, the third developer transport unit B3 transports the developer G transported by the second developer transport unit B2 to the upstream side of the first developer transport unit B1, and also the first developer transport unit B1. The developer G that has reached the downstream side is transported to the upstream side of the first developer transport section B1.

A transport path (first developer transport section B1) by the first transport screw 23b1, a transport path by the second transport screw 23b2 (second developer transport section B2), and a transport path (first transport by the third transport screw 23b3). 3 developer transport section B3) is isolated from the wall.
Referring to FIG. 4, the downstream side of the second developer transport unit B2 and the upstream side of the third developer transport unit B3 communicate with each other via the first relay unit 23g. In addition, the downstream side of the third developer conveyance unit B3 and the upstream side of the first developer conveyance unit B1 are communicated with each other via the second relay unit 23h. In addition, the downstream side of the first developer transport unit B1 and the upstream side of the third developer transport unit B3 communicate with each other via a drop path 23f.

With such a configuration, a circulation path for circulating the developer G in the longitudinal direction in the developing device 23 is formed by the three developer conveying portions B1 to B3 (conveying screws 23b1 to 23b3). Here, when the developing device 23 is operated, the developer accommodated in the device flows in a state as indicated by the oblique lines in FIG. Referring to FIG. 4, in the first developer conveying section B1, the developer surface on the downstream side is lower than the upstream agent surface because part of the developer being conveyed is developed. This is because it is supplied to the roller 23a1. That is, the developer that has not been supplied to the developing roller 23a1 moves to the upstream side of the third developer conveying portion B3 via the dropping path 23f.
Note that a magnetic sensor 26 as a toner concentration sensor is installed in the third developer conveying portion B3. Then, based on the toner density information detected by the magnetic sensor 26, the developer G having a predetermined toner density is supplied from the agent cartridge 28 serving as a supply unit into the developing device 23. In the present embodiment, the toner concentration of the developer G in the developing device 23 is controlled to be 4 to 7% by weight.

4 and 5, a part of the developer G accommodated in the developing device 23 is discharged to the outside (agent storage container 70) on the wall portion of the first developer conveying portion B1. A pocket portion 23d (discharge port 23d1) is provided. Specifically, the outlet 23d1 of the pocket portion 23d is supplied with the developer G into the developing device 23 by the supply means 28 and 29, so that the amount of developer in the device increases and flows into the pocket portion 23d. When the agent surface (upper surface) exceeds a predetermined height, the excess developer G is discharged toward the agent storage container 70. That is, the excess developer G exceeds the height below the discharge port 23 d 1, is discharged from the discharge port 23 d 1, and is conveyed toward the agent storage container 70 via the discharge path 71. As described above, the carrier deteriorated by being contaminated by the base resin or the external additive of the toner T is automatically discharged to the outside of the developing unit, so that deterioration of the image quality can be suppressed even over time.
Although not shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 and the like, a discharge screw 23n for conveying the developer discharged from the discharge port 23d1 in the horizontal direction is installed in the discharge path 71 ( (See FIGS. 3, 8, and 9).

  Further, in the developer circulation path in the developing device 23, a part of the developer G is returned to the upstream side of the circulation path without passing through the position where the pocket portion 23d (discharge port 23d1) is disposed. A bypass path is formed. Specifically, referring to FIG. 4 and FIG. 6, the first developer transport unit B1 is located upstream of the pocket portion 23d (discharge port 23d1) (a position relatively close to the opening of the pocket portion 23d). Is provided with an opening 23e. The opening 23e serves as the inlet of the bypass path, and the outlet of the bypass path is disposed in the transport path (near the center in the longitudinal direction) by the third transport screw 23b3.

  As described above, by providing the bypass path in the developer circulation path in the developing device 23, even if the developer in the developing device is wavy, the amount of developer discharged from the discharge port 23d1 varies. It is possible to suppress a problem that the developer exceeding the necessary amount is discharged from the developing device 23.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the developer is wavy in the developer circulation path in the developing device 23. As described above, there is a case where a wavy deviation with a large height difference occurs in the developer circulation path. Such a wave-like bias appears remarkably immediately after the operation of the developing device 23 is started (immediately after restarting). When such a wave-like bias occurs, if there is no bypass path, the developer (a developer having a height H2 in FIG. 7) located at a position higher than the lower portion of the discharge port 23d1. Everything is discharged from the discharge port 23d1. Since the developer discharged in this way is not originally intended to be discharged, if such a phenomenon occurs repeatedly, the amount of developer in the developing device 23 becomes insufficient, and the developer As a result, the deterioration state of the toner becomes unstable or the charge amount of the toner decreases, which causes problems such as a decrease in image density on the output image.

  On the other hand, in the present embodiment, since the opening 23e leading to the bypass path is provided on the upstream side of the pocket portion 23d (discharge port 23d1), the developer at a position higher than the lower portion of the discharge port 23d1 is provided. A part is not discharged from the discharge port 23d1, but returned to the transfer path in the third transfer screw 23b3 through the opening 23e. As a result, it is possible to suppress a problem that the developer is excessively discharged from the discharge port 23d1.

Here, the height of the lower portion of the opening 23e in the bypass path is configured to be higher by the height H1 than the height of the lower portion of the discharge port 23d1.
As a result, among the developers located higher than the lower portion of the discharge port 23d1, the developer corresponding to the height (H2-H1) is not discharged from the discharge port 23d1, but is discharged from the discharge port 23d1 to the third transport screw 23b3. It will be returned to the transport path. As a result, it is possible to reliably prevent a problem that the developer is excessively discharged from the discharge port 23d1 while maintaining the original function of the discharge unit. Here, the distance W in the longitudinal direction between the outlet 23d1 and the opening 23e is preferably as short as possible.

Here, referring to FIG. 3 (not shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 4, etc.), in the present embodiment, below the second developing roller 23a2 (downstream in the rotational direction), A carrier collecting roller 23k is installed at a position facing the photosensitive drum 21. Further, a scraper 23m is installed at a position where it abuts on the carrier collecting roller 23k.
The carrier collecting roller 23k is a cylindrical body made of stainless steel or the like in which a magnet for forming a predetermined magnetic field is fixed, and the carrier that moves (flys) from the inside of the developing device 23 and adheres to the photosensitive drum 21. It is for collecting. The carrier collecting roller 23k is driven to rotate counterclockwise in FIG. Most of the carrier collected and carried by the carrier collecting roller 23k is transferred to the developing roller 23a2 at a position facing the second developing roller 23a2, and developed at the position of the developer separating pole of the developing roller 23a2. It separates from the roller 23a2 and is collected in the second developer conveying section B2. On the other hand, the carrier remaining and carried on the carrier collecting roller 23k without moving onto the developing roller 23a2 is mechanically scraped off by the scraper 23m and collected in the second developer conveying portion B2. In this way, by installing the carrier collecting roller 23k, the carrier adhering to the photosensitive drum 21 can be collected in the developing device 23, so that the occurrence of abnormal images (firefly images, whiteout images) is suppressed. In addition, the shortage of carriers in the developing device 23 is suppressed.

In the present embodiment, the outer diameters of the developing rollers 23a1 and 23a2 are 30 mm, the linear velocity on the outer peripheral surface of the developing rollers 23a1 and 23a2 is 748 mm / second, the outer diameter of the carrier collecting roller 23k is 16 mm, and the carrier collecting The linear velocity on the outer peripheral surface of the roller 23k is 10.6 mm / second, the process linear velocity (the linear velocity on the outer peripheral surface of the photosensitive drum 21 and the conveyance speed of the transfer material P) is 440 mm / second, Is set to about.
The carrier C used in the present embodiment has a particle size of 55 μm and a saturation magnetization of about 96 emu / g. Further, the toner T used in the present embodiment has a particle size of about 6.8 μm.

Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 8 to 11, the configuration and operation of the developing device 23, which are characteristic in the present embodiment, will be described in detail.
FIG. 8 is a top view showing the vicinity of the pocket portion 23d. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the vicinity of the pocket portion 23d. FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the vicinity of the pocket portion 23d from another angle. FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the vicinity of the pocket portion 23d from still another angle.

As shown in FIGS. 8 to 11, the wall portion of the conveyance path (first developer conveyance portion B1) by the first conveyance screw 23b1 has a pocket portion 23d facing outward with respect to the first developer conveyance portion B1. Is recessed. Then, a part of the developer (the developer that flows in the direction of the white arrow in FIG. 8) conveyed by the first developer conveyance unit B1 flows into and out of the pocket 23d. Specifically, the developer flows into the pocket portion 23d from the opening of the pocket portion 23d (the opening provided in the wall portion of the first developer conveying portion B1), and the bottom portion 23d4 of the pocket portion 23d is inclined. The developer in the pocket portion 23d flows out toward the first developer conveying portion B1, and a predetermined amount or more of the developer flows and is stored in the pocket portion 23d.
Here, referring to FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, the bottom 23d4 of the pocket portion 23d is downwardly inclined toward the first developer transport portion B1 by a predetermined angle (sufficient for the developer to slide down the bottom 23d4). In this case, the pocket portion 23d can smoothly flow in and out.

  Referring to FIG. 8, a discharge port 23d1 is disposed in the pocket portion 23d on the side corresponding to the upstream side of the first developer conveying portion B1 (the range extending from the center to the upstream side). When the developer level of the developer flowing into the pocket portion 23d exceeds a predetermined height (the height below the discharge port 23d1), the developer is discharged from the discharge port 23d1 to the outside of the developing device 23. To be discharged. Specifically, the developer discharged from the discharge port 23d1 is transported toward the agent storage container by the discharge screw 23n after falling by its own weight on the discharge path.

  Further, a wall portion 23d2 is covered with the pocket portion 23d on the side corresponding to the downstream side of the first developer conveying portion B1 (the range extending from the center to the downstream side). As a result, the developer bounced up by the screw part 23b1b of the first conveying screw 23b1 enters the pocket part 23d and collides with the wall part 23d2 (the movement of the developer indicated by the broken arrow in FIG. 8). .) The developer colliding with the wall portion 23d2 is deposited in the fluidized developer stored in the pocket portion 23d. That is, as shown in FIG. 12, when the discharge port 23s is directly formed in the wall portion of the conveyance path as in the prior art, the developer splashed by the screw portion 23b1b of the first conveyance screw 23b1 is discharged. It was discharged to the outside through the outlet 23s. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the developer splashed up by the first conveying screw 23b1 and entering the pocket portion 23d is received by the wall portion 23d2, and the splashed developer directly enters. Since the discharge port 23d1 is provided at a position where the developer is not present, it is possible to suppress a problem that the developer is excessively discharged from the developing device 23.

As shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the first transport screw 23b1 is formed by forming a screw part 23b1b in a spiral shape on the shaft part 23b1a. In the present embodiment, a cutout region 23b10 in which the screw portion 23b1b is not formed (a range M in the drawing, formed only by the shaft portion 23b1a) is formed in a part of the first transport screw 23b1 in the longitudinal direction. This area is provided. The cutout area 23b10 in which the screw part 23b1b is not formed is a downstream side of the first developer conveying part B1 (conveying path by the first conveying screw 23b1) and is a non-image area (an area not involved in image formation). .).
Further, the pocket portion 23d faces the cutout region 23b10 of the first conveying screw 23b1, and the length N of the opening in the longitudinal direction is smaller than the length M of the cutout region 23b10 in the longitudinal direction (rotation axis direction). (M> N). Note that the pocket portion 23d is also provided in the non-image area on the downstream side of the first developer conveying portion B1.

  Thus, by providing the cutout region 23b10 in the first transport screw 23b1, the amount of developer that jumps up in the vicinity thereof can be reduced. Further, by developing the longitudinal length N of the opening of the pocket portion 23d to be smaller than the longitudinal length M of the notch region 23b10 and facing the range of the notch region 23b10, the development that has jumped up on the upstream side of the notch region 23b10. The amount of the agent entering the pocket portion 23d can be efficiently reduced. As described above, since the amount of the developer entering the pocket portion 23d due to the splashing can be reduced, the effect of the pocket portion 23d (wall portion 23d2) described above is further ensured, and the developer in the developing device 23 is reduced. A problem that the amount of developer is insufficient due to excessive discharge is suppressed.

When the inventor of the present application conducted an experiment, according to the above-described configuration, the first transport screw 23b1 jumps up compared to the case where the discharge port 23s is directly formed in the wall portion of the transport path as shown in FIG. It was confirmed that the amount of the developer discharged from the discharge port 23d1 is remarkably reduced.
In the present embodiment, the cutout region 23b10 is formed in the first transport screw 23b1, but the pocket portion 23d similar to the present embodiment is provided even when the cutout region 23b10 is not formed in the first transport screw 23b1. Thus, it was confirmed that the amount of the developer splashed up by the first transport screw 23b1 is significantly reduced from the discharge port 23d1.

  On the other hand, by providing the cutout region 23b10 in the first transport screw 23b1, the inclination of the developer in the first developer transport unit B1 (downstream described earlier with reference to FIG. This is a phenomenon in which the developer surface on the side becomes lower than that on the upstream side. This is an image irregularity that occurs at the pitch of the screw parts 23b1b when the agent surface becomes low. It was also confirmed that it was difficult to generate.

  Here, in the present embodiment, the pocket portion 23d and the cutout region 23b10 are provided in the non-image region on the downstream side of the first developer conveyance unit B1. Thereby, it is possible to eliminate the influence on the output image due to the cutout of the screw part 23b1b of the first conveying screw 23b1 and the influence on the output image due to the provision of the pocket part 23d.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the pocket portion 23d is preferably formed so as not to face the upstream side (upstream side of the first developer conveying portion B1) with respect to the cutout region 23b10. . That is, it is preferable to provide the upstream end portion of the pocket portion 23d at a position separated from the upstream end portion of the cutout region 23b10. In other words, the pocket portion 23d is preferably arranged so as to face the range from the center of the cutout region 23b10 to the downstream side.
With this configuration, the amount of the developer that has jumped up on the upstream side of the cutout region 23b10 due to the rotation of the first transport screw 23b1 is further reliably reduced.

  In the present embodiment, as described above with reference to FIGS. 4 and 6, a part of the developer is circulated without passing the position where the pocket portion 23d is disposed on the upstream side of the pocket portion 23d. An opening 23e of a bypass path for returning to the upstream side of the path is provided. A partition wall 23d3 is provided between the bypass path and the pocket portion 23d so as to isolate the bypass path and the pocket portion 23d from the outside of the first developer conveying portion B1. Thereby, even when the bypass path and the pocket portion 23d are close to each other, a problem of mixing the developer flowing through the bypass path and the developer discharged from the pocket portion 23d (discharge port 23d1) is suppressed. can do. In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 11, since the lower end of the partition wall 23d3 is bent in a U shape toward the pocket portion 23d, the developer discharged from the discharge port 23d1 is removed. It is surely discharged toward the discharge route.

  As described above, in this embodiment, the pocket portion 23d that protrudes outside the first developer conveyance portion B1 (conveyance path) is provided, and the development that is flipped up by the first conveyance screw 23b1 (conveyance member). Since the developer collides with the wall portion 23d2 of the pocket portion 23d and a part of the developer flowing into the pocket portion 23d is discharged from the discharge port 23d1, the developer splashed up by the first conveying screw 23b1 Is not discharged from the developing device 23, and the amount of developer discharged to the outside does not vary, and the premix developing type developing device 23 in which the image quality of the output image is stable can be provided.

In the present embodiment, the present invention is applied to the developing device 23 in which three developer conveying units B1 to B3 are installed. However, the development in which two or less developer conveying units are installed or four or more developer conveying units are installed. The present invention can also be applied to an apparatus. Even in that case, the same effect as the present embodiment can be obtained.
In the present embodiment, the third transport screw 23b3 is disposed obliquely with respect to the horizontal direction. However, the third transport screw 23b3 can be disposed horizontally.
Further, in the present embodiment, the pocket portion 23d is provided in the wall portion of the first developer conveying portion B1, but the pocket portion 23d can also be provided in the wall portions of the other developer conveying portions B2 and B3.

  In this embodiment, the developer G (toner T and carrier C) is supplied from the agent cartridge 28 serving as the supply unit toward the developing device 23. However, only the carrier C is supplied from the supply unit toward the developing device 23. It can also be supplied. In that case, a toner cartridge containing only toner is installed separately from the agent cartridge (carrier cartridge), and the toner contained in the toner cartridge is appropriately directed toward the developing device 23 based on the detection result of the magnetic sensor 26. I will supply it. Even in such a case, the same effect as in the present embodiment can be obtained.

Further, in the present embodiment, the present invention is applied to an image forming apparatus in which a part of the image forming unit is configured by the process cartridge 20. However, the application of the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention can naturally be applied to an image forming apparatus in which the image forming unit is not formed into a process cartridge. Specifically, the present invention can naturally be applied even when the developing device 23 is configured as a unit that is detachably attached to the image forming apparatus main body.
Further, in the present embodiment, the present invention is applied to the developing device 23 in which two developing rollers 23a1 and 23a2 are installed. However, the present invention is also applied to a developing device in which one or more developing rollers are installed. Of course, the present invention can be applied. Even in that case, the same effect as the present embodiment can be obtained.

  It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the present embodiment, and it is obvious that the present embodiment can be modified as appropriate within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention, other than suggested in the present embodiment. is there. In addition, the number, position, shape, and the like of the constituent members are not limited to the present embodiment, and the number, position, shape, and the like suitable for implementing the present invention can be achieved.

1 image forming apparatus body (apparatus body),
20, 20Y, 20C, 20M, 20BK Process cartridge,
21 Photosensitive drum (image carrier),
23 Developing device (developing part),
23a1, 23a2 developing roller (developer carrier),
23b1 first conveying screw (first conveying member), 23b10 notch region,
23b2 second conveying screw (second conveying member),
23b3 third conveying screw (third conveying member),
23d pocket part,
23d1 outlet, 23d2 wall,
23d3 partition wall, 23d4 bottom,
G developer (two-component developer), T toner, C carrier.

JP 2001-183893 A JP 2000-112238 A

Claims (8)

A developing device that contains a developer having a carrier and toner and that develops a latent image formed on an image carrier,
A plurality of transport members that transport the developer contained in the apparatus in the longitudinal direction to form a circulation path;
Supply means for supplying a new carrier into the apparatus;
A receiving portion that is recessed outwardly with respect to a conveyance path by one conveyance member among the plurality of conveyance members, and a part of the developer conveyed in the conveyance path is flowed in and out;
With
The receiving part is
A wall portion covering the side corresponding to the downstream side of the transport path;
A discharge port for discharging the developer to the outside of the apparatus when the level of the developer flowing into the receiving part exceeds a predetermined height;
Comprising
The developing device according to claim 1, wherein the discharge port is disposed on a side corresponding to the upstream side of the transport path in the receiving portion .   The developing device according to claim 1, wherein the receiving portion is formed such that a bottom portion thereof is inclined downward toward the conveyance path side. The developing device according to claim 1, wherein the receiving portion is formed on a downstream side of the conveyance path. An opening of a bypass path for returning a part of the developer to the upstream side of the circulation path without passing the position where the receiving part is disposed is provided upstream of the transport path with respect to the receiving part. ,
The developing device according to claim 1, further comprising a partition wall that separates the bypass path and the receiving portion from the outside of the transport path. A developer carrying body that faces the image carrying body and carries a developer;
The plurality of conveying members are opposed to the developer carrier, and a first conveying member that supplies the developer to the developer carrier, and below the first conveying member and opposed to the developer carrier. A second transport member that transports the developer that is disposed at a position where the developer is detached and the developer transported by the second transport member and upstream of the transport path by the first transport member. A third conveying member for conveying to the side,
A wall portion that separates the conveyance path by the first conveyance member, the conveyance path by the second conveyance member, and the conveyance path by the third conveyance member;
The developing device according to claim 1, wherein the one transport member is the first transport member. The developing device according to claim 1, wherein the supply unit newly supplies toner together with the carrier into the apparatus. A process cartridge that is detachably installed on the main body of the image forming apparatus,
7. A process cartridge in which the developing device according to claim 1 and the image carrier are integrated. An image forming apparatus comprising the developing device according to claim 1 and the image carrier.

Images