JP5220649B2 - Portable hardness measuring apparatus and hardness measuring method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a portable hardness measuring apparatus and a hardness measuring method suitable for on-site hardness measurement of a waterproof sheet material laid in an exposed state, for example, on a rooftop or balcony of a building.

  In general, as a waterproof sheet material laid in an exposed state on a flat roof or balcony of a detached house or a condominium, a material made of a soft synthetic resin such as a vinyl chloride resin, which is easy to manufacture and has a good appearance, is inexpensive. ing.

  Such waterproof sheet material made of vinyl chloride resin, etc., gradually loses its flexibility under the influence of the external environment such as ultraviolet rays, heat, rainwater, etc., and the repeated fatigue of small expansion and contraction with temperature change. As a result, fine cracks may be generated on the sheet surface and eventually break. For this reason, the degree of deterioration of the waterproof sheet material is periodically diagnosed, and when the deterioration has progressed, maintenance such as repair or re-covering is performed.

  Conventionally, when diagnosing the degree of deterioration of a waterproof sheet material, bring a hardness meter with excellent portability such as a Barcol hardness meter to the site, measure the hardness of the waterproof sheet material on the site, and from the measurement result The method of grasping | ascertaining a degradation degree was taken (for example, refer patent document 1). In this type of hardness meter, a push needle is pressed against the surface of the measurement object, and the hardness of the measurement object is detected from the amount of biting of the push needle at that time.

  However, the Barcol hardness tester has a structure suitable for measuring the hardness of a waterproof sheet material laid on a hard substrate, but the hardness of a waterproof sheet material laid on a soft substrate such as a polystyrene foam insulation material It was unsuitable for measurement.

  Therefore, as well as the Barcol hardness tester, while being excellent in portability, the part that receives the pressing force is relatively wide, and not only the waterproof sheet material laid on a hard substrate, Durometers suitable for hardness measurement are increasingly used for measuring the hardness of waterproof sheet materials in the field.

JP-A-6-27010

  However, the durometer is designed to measure the hardness by pressing the push needle protruding from the lower end surface of the outer case against the surface of the object to be measured while holding and holding the outer case by hand. It was difficult to ensure the measurement posture, and there was a problem that the measurement results were likely to vary due to differences in the skill and strength of the measurer.

In view of this, the present invention eliminates the above-mentioned problems and makes it possible to easily and accurately measure the hardness of a measurement object such as a waterproof sheet material on site, and a hardness using the same The purpose is to provide a measurement method .

In order to solve the above problems, the portable hardness measuring device of the present invention is for measuring the hardness of a measuring object S such as a waterproof sheet material constructed on a heat insulating base G in a building, for example, A hardness meter 1 with a handle 15 for detecting the hardness of the measuring object S from the amount of biting of the push needle 12 pressed against the surface of the measuring object S, and a base with legs 22 installed on the surface of the measuring object S 2, a support member 3 attached to the base 2 and movably supporting the hardness meter 1 in the direction of approaching and separating from the surface of the measurement object S, and the hardness meter 1 as the measurement object Spring members 4, 4 that are biased in a direction away from the surface of the object S, the base 2 is placed on the surface of the measurement object S, and the hardness meter is gripped while holding the handle 15. 1 against the biasing force of the spring members 4 and 4 It is pushed, the hardness tester 1 of the indentor 12 is adapted to be pressed against the surface of the measuring object S through the through-hole portion 20 of the base 2.

Then, the hardness tester 1, the indentor 12 has a protective tube 36 which is inserted is fixed, the protective tube 36 is fitted slidably to the base 2 of the through hole 20. Furthermore, a needle cover 50 that protects the needle tip of the push needle 12 protruding from the protective cylinder 36 is provided in the protective cylinder 36 so as to be able to appear and retract. Furthermore, when the hardness meter 1 is pushed in, the pushing amount of the hardness meter 1 is adjusted so that the tip surface of the protective cylinder 36 does not protrude beyond the installation surface of the leg 22 of the base 2.

In addition, the base 2 includes a plurality of legs 22, and these legs 22 are respectively arranged at equal intervals from the through-hole portion 20 so as to surround the through-hole portion 20.

Further, the support member 3 is attached across a pair of guide shafts 30, 30 erected on the base 2 so as to sandwich the hardness meter 1, and the guide shafts 30, 30. , 30 and a hardness meter mounting table 31 that is movable along the pair of guide shafts 30, 30. The spring members 4, 4 are inserted into the base 2 and the hardness meter mounting table, respectively. 31 is interposed.

In the hardness measuring method of the present invention, the leg 22 of the base 2 is installed on the surface of the measuring object S using the portable hardness measuring apparatus described above, and the hardness meter 1 with the handle 15 is made independent. In the state, the hardness measuring device is arranged on the measuring object S, and the hardness meter 1 is pushed against the urging force of the spring members 4 and 4 while holding the handle 15, thereby A total of the push needles 12 are pressed against the surface of the measuring object S through the through hole 20 of the base 2.

  By using the portable hardness measuring device of the present invention, it is possible to easily carry the hardness measurement by bringing it to the site. In addition, with the base with the legs installed on the surface of the object to be measured, the hardness meter is pushed against the urging force of the spring member while gripping the handle, so it is always in a stable posture, The hardness tester can be pushed straight without swaying with a constant pressing force, and the push needle can be pressed firmly against the surface of the object to be measured. High precision with excellent reproducibility that is not affected by the skill or strength of the operator. Hardness measurement can be realized. In addition, when the hand is released from the handle, the hardness meter automatically returns to the initial position by the biasing force of the spring member, so that the hardness measurement can be continuously performed and workability can be improved. .

  In addition, when the hardness meter push needle is inserted and the protective cylinder that is integrated with the hardness meter and linked is guided in the through hole of the base, the needle tip of the push needle can be shaken when the hardness meter is pushed in. It can be reliably suppressed, and the measurement accuracy can be further improved. In addition, the push needle of the hardness meter can be protected to prevent the push needle from being deformed or damaged when the apparatus is loaded or measured.

  Furthermore, by adjusting the amount of push of the hardness meter so that the tip surface of the protective cylinder does not protrude from the mounting surface of the base leg, the surface of the object to be measured is pushed by the tip surface of the protective cylinder when pushing the hardness meter. By pressing, it is possible to eliminate the problem that the base is lifted with respect to the surface of the object to be measured, and stable hardness measurement can be performed.

  Furthermore, by protecting the needle tip of the push needle protruding from the protective cylinder with the needle cover, the needle tip of the push needle can be reliably prevented from being deformed or damaged, and the durability can be further improved.

  In addition, it is possible to improve the installation stability of the apparatus by arranging a plurality of legs on the base so as to surround the through-hole part through which the push needle of the hardness meter is inserted and in a well-balanced position from the through-hole part. Thus, when the hardness meter is pushed in, rattling of the hardness meter can be suppressed and measurement accuracy can be further improved.

  Furthermore, by arranging the pair of guide shafts and the spring member so as to sandwich the hardness meter, the hardness meter can be pushed in while being smoothly moved, and the measurement accuracy can be further improved.

It is a front view of the portable hardness measuring device concerning one embodiment of this invention. It is the bottom view similarly. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view of the base and support member similarly. Similarly, it is a longitudinal sectional view of the vicinity of the protective cylinder. Similarly, it is a longitudinal sectional view of the vicinity of the guide tube. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which similarly shows the state at the time of the hardness measurement.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The portable hardness measuring device according to one embodiment of the present invention is for measuring the hardness of the waterproof sheet material S laid in an exposed state on a flat roof or a balcony of a detached house or an apartment, on the spot, As shown in FIG. 1, the hardness meter 1, the base 2 installed on the surface of the waterproof sheet material S, and the hardness meter 1 attached to the base 2 close to the surface of the waterproof sheet material S A support member 3 that supports the detachment direction (up and down direction) and a pair of spring members 4 and 4 that urge the hardness meter 1 in a direction (upward) away from the surface of the waterproof sheet S. I have. The waterproof sheet material S is made of a soft synthetic resin such as a vinyl chloride resin, for example, and is laid on a soft heat insulating base G made of a foamed resin or the like.

  The hardness meter 1 is a modified type D durometer conforming to Japanese Industrial Standard “JIS K 6253” so as to be suitable for the hardness measurement of the waterproof sheet material S. The waterproof sheet material has a structure in which the push needle 12 urged by a non-spring is protruded, and the amount of protrusion (protrusion amount) of the push needle 12 pressed against the urging force of the spring against the surface of the waterproof sheet material S. The hardness of S is detected. Specifically, the indication needle 10a indicates the hardness of the waterproof sheet material S in the range of 0 to 100 on the indication panel 10 according to the amount of biting (protrusion) of the push needle 12.

  A handle 15 that is gripped by hand is erected at the upper end of the outer case 11 of the hardness meter 1. The handle 15 is formed by connecting both ends of a gripping pipe 16 bent in a substantially gate shape to both ends of a strip-like horizontal plate 17, and a substantially central portion of the horizontal plate 17 is an upper end of the outer case 11. It is fixed to the screw part 13. Note that the handle 15 is not limited to such a structure, and any structure can be used as long as the handle 15 is easily gripped by hand and can easily apply force to the hardness meter 1. Also good.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the base 2 includes a fixed plate 21 and a plurality of legs 22 attached to four positions on the lower surface of the fixed plate 21. The fixed plate 21 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape, and a through-hole portion 20 is formed at the center thereof. The shape of the fixed plate 21 is not limited to a substantially rectangular shape, and may be any shape such as a substantially circular shape or a substantially H shape.

  The legs 22 are formed in a substantially short cylindrical shape, and the installation surface with respect to the waterproof sheet S has a diameter of about 16 mm and secures a wide area. The plurality of legs 22... Are arranged at equal intervals from the through hole 20 so as to surround the through hole 20, and are arranged with a gap in the longitudinal direction of the fixed plate 21. The distance L1 between 22 and 22 is set to 80 mm, and the distance L2 between the legs 22 and 22 arranged with a gap in the short direction of the fixed plate 21 is set to 60 mm. It can be stably installed on the surface of the machine. The number and shape of the legs 22, the diameter and area of the installation surface, and the distances L 1 and L 2 between the legs 22 and 22 are not limited to the above, and the hardness measuring device is attached to the surface of the waterproof sheet S. Any setting may be used as long as it can be stably installed.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the support member 3 includes a pair of guide shafts 30 and 30 erected at two locations on the fixed plate 21 of the base 2 so as to sandwich the hardness meter 1, and these guide shafts 30. , 30 and a hardness meter mounting base 31 that is vertically movable along the guide shafts 30, 30.

  The guide shaft 30 is a leg 22 disposed with a gap in the short direction of the fixing plate 21 by screwing a bolt 33 penetrating the fixing plate 21 from below into a bolt hole 32 formed at a lower end portion thereof. It is being fixed to the fixed plate 21 in the approximate center part between 22 (refer FIG. 2). A stopper 34 is attached to the upper end portion of the guide shaft 30.

  The hardness meter mounting base 31 includes a substantially rectangular movable plate 35 disposed in parallel with the fixed plate 21 above the fixed plate 21 of the base 2 and a protection projecting downward from the center of the movable plate 35. A cylinder 36 and a pair of guide cylinders 37 and 37 projecting upward from both ends of the movable plate 35 are provided.

  The lower surface of the outer case 11 of the hardness meter 1 is screwed to the center of the upper surface of the movable plate 35, so that the hardness meter 1 is erected on the movable plate 35. As shown in FIG. 3, a first through hole 38 is formed at the center of the movable plate 35, and second through holes 39, 39 are formed at both ends.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the protective cylinder 36 is integrally attached to the movable plate 35 such that the small diameter portion of the upper end is fitted into the first through hole 38 of the movable plate 35. An insertion hole 41 having a stepped portion 40 is formed inside the protective cylinder 36. The push needle 12 of the hardness meter 1 is inserted into the insertion hole 41, and the needle tip of the push needle 12 is attached to the protective cylinder 36. It protrudes from the front end surface (lower end surface). In addition, a needle cover 50 that protects the needle tip of the push needle 12 is housed in the insertion hole 41 of the protective cylinder 36 so as to be able to appear and retract. The needle cover 50 is formed in a cylindrical shape having a flange 51 at the upper end, and the flange 51 abuts on the stepped portion 40 of the insertion hole 41, thereby preventing the needle cover 50 from coming off from the insertion hole 41. Further, a push spring 52 is housed in the insertion hole 41 of the protective cylinder 36. The push spring 52 is interposed between the lower end surface of the outer case 11 of the hardness meter 1 and the flange 51 of the needle cover 50 in a state where the push needle 12 is inserted. Then, the needle cover 50 is urged downward by the pressing spring 52 so as to press the flange 51 against the stepped portion 40 of the insertion hole 41, and the lower end portion protrudes from the lower end surface of the protective cylinder 36. It has become. The protection cylinder 36 configured in this manner is fitted in the through hole portion 20 of the fixed plate 21 of the base 2 so as to be slidable in the vertical direction.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the lower end of the guide tube 37 is screwed to the movable plate 35 and is integrally attached to the movable plate 35. An insertion hole 61 having a stepped portion 60 is formed inside the guide cylinder 37 so as to communicate with the second through hole 39 of the movable plate 35, and the second hole of the movable plate 35 is formed in the insertion hole 61. A guide shaft 30 penetrating through the through hole 39 is inserted. Further, the above-described spring member 4 is housed in the insertion hole 61 of the guide cylinder 37.

  The spring member 4 is interposed between the upper surface of the fixed plate 21 of the base 2 and the stepped portion 60 of the insertion hole 61 of the guide cylinder 37 in a state where the guide shaft 30 is inserted. The spring member 4 urges the guide cylinder 37 upward so that its upper end is pressed against the stopper 34 of the guide shaft 30. That is, the pair of spring members 4, 4 are interposed between the base 2 and the hardness meter mounting base 31 of the support member 3 and bias the hardness meter 1 upward.

  In the support member 3, the number of guide shafts 30, 30 is not limited to two, and may be one or three or more. In this case, the guide tube 37 of the hardness meter mounting base 31. 37 and the spring members 4 and 4 may be one or three or more according to the number of the guide shafts 30 and 30.

  Next, the hardness measurement of the waterproof sheet material S using the hardness measuring apparatus having the above configuration will be described. First, the hardness measuring device is disposed on the waterproof sheet S in a state where the legs 22... Of the base 2 are installed on the surface of the waterproof sheet S and the hardness meter 1 with the handle 15 is self-supporting.

  Then, while gripping the handle 15 by hand, the hardness meter 1 is pushed downward against the urging force of the spring members 4 and 4. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the guide cylinders 37 and 37 of the hardness meter mounting base 31 fixed to the hardness meter 1 are guided by the guide shafts 30 and 30 to move downward. The protective cylinder 36 of the hardness meter mounting base 31 that is fixed with respect to 1 is guided by the through-hole portion 20 of the base 2 and moves downward. At this time, by setting the area and interval of the legs 22 of the base 2 as described above, the pressing force is effectively distributed to the plurality of legs 22 to eliminate local concentration. Thus, the legs 22 of the base 2 are not recessed into the waterproof sheet material S.

  Accordingly, the hardness meter 1 is smoothly pushed straight toward the surface of the waterproof sheet S with a constant pressing force. In particular, by guiding the protective cylinder 36 through which the push needle 12 of the hardness meter 1 is inserted, the blur of the needle tip of the push needle 12 can be reliably suppressed.

  In the hardness measuring device, when the hardness meter 1 is pushed in, the pushing amount (stroke) of the hardness meter 1 is set so that the lower end surface of the protective cylinder 36 does not protrude below the installation surface of the legs 22. It has been adjusted. Specifically, a pair of strip-shaped stopper members 70, 70 having a predetermined thickness are attached to the upper surface of the fixed plate 21 of the base 2 so as to sandwich the through-hole portion 20, and the hardness meter mounting base 31 is movable. When the plate 35 comes into contact with the stopper members 70, 70, the lower end surface of the protective cylinder 36 and the installation surface of the legs 22... Of the base 2 are adjusted so as to be on the same plane. The stopper members 70, 70 may be attached to the lower surface of the movable plate 35 of the hardness meter mounting table 31, and instead of the stopper members 70, 70, the thicknesses of the fixed plate 21 and the movable plate 35 are adjusted, The stroke of the hardness meter 1 may be adjusted by adjusting the arrangement interval between the fixed plate 21 and the movable plate 35.

  The pushing amount of the hardness meter 1 is adjusted in this way because when the hardness meter 1 is pushed, the lower end surface of the protective cylinder 36 protrudes downward from the installation surface of the legs 22. If the surface of the waterproof sheet material S is pressed by the lower end surface of the cylinder 36, the base 2 is lifted with respect to the surface of the waterproof sheet material S, making it difficult to stably install the hardness measuring device, which hinders hardness measurement. Because it comes.

  When the hardness meter 1 is pushed in until the movable plate 35 of the hardness meter mounting base 31 comes into contact with the stopper members 70, 70, the needle tip of the push needle 12 and the lower end portion of the needle cover 50 are placed on the surface of the waterproof sheet material S. When pressed, the tip of the push needle 12 bites into the waterproof sheet material S while being pushed back against the biasing force of the spring, and the needle cover 50 is pushed back against the biasing force of the push spring 52, and the protective cylinder 36. Is inserted into the insertion hole 41. When the waterproof sheet material S is very hard (hardness 100), the needle tip of the push needle 12 does not bite into the waterproof sheet material S just by being pushed back against the urging force of the spring. If the material S is very soft (hardness 0), it will only bite into the waterproof sheet material S without being pushed back against the biasing force of the spring.

  In this state, in the hardness meter 1, the indicating needle 10 a of the indicating panel 10 indicates the hardness of the waterproof sheet material S in the range of 0 to 100 according to the amount of biting of the push needle 12. Accordingly, the degree of deterioration of the waterproof sheet material S can be grasped by reading the hardness at this time and comparing it with the hardness of the waterproof sheet material S in the initial state detected in advance.

  When the hand is released from the handle 15 after the hardness measurement, the hardness meter 1 and the hardness meter mounting base 31 are automatically pushed up to the initial position by the urging force of the spring members 4 and 4. Thereby, multiple times of hardness measurement can be performed continuously.

  Table 1 below shows the measurement results when the three measurers X, Y, and Z measured the hardness of the waterproof sheet material 10 times using the hardness measurement device of the present invention, and the hardness measurement of the present invention. The measurement result is shown when the hardness measurement (durometer) similar to that mounted on the apparatus is held by hand and the hardness measurement is performed 10 times.

  According to this measurement result, when the hardness measuring device of the present invention is used (with a holding jig), the measured hardness value is higher than when the hardness meter is held by hand (without a holding jig). It turns out that it is getting bigger overall. In addition, according to the measurement results, the standard deviation values for each measurer X, Y, Z are smaller when the hardness measuring device of the present invention is used than when the hardness meter is held by hand. It can be seen that there is little variation in the measured hardness value. This is because the use of the hardness measuring device of the present invention improves handling, and always presses the hardness meter from above with a constant pressing force in a stable measurement posture, and the pressing needle is placed on the surface of the waterproof sheet material. It is assumed that this is because it can be pressed straight and firmly.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and it is needless to say that many modifications and changes can be made to the above embodiment within the scope of the present invention. For example, the hardness measuring apparatus of the present invention is not only used for measuring the hardness of a waterproof sheet material, but may be used for measuring the hardness of a measurement object on another relatively soft base.

  1 ... Hardness meter 2 ... Base 3 ... Supporting member 4 ... Spring member 12 ... Needle 15 ... Handle 20 ... Through hole 22 ... Leg 30 ... Guide shaft, 31 ... Hardness meter mounting base, 36 ... Protection cylinder, 50 ... Needle cover, S ... Measurement object (waterproof sheet), G ... Heat insulation base

Claims (5)

A hardness meter (1) with a handle (15) for detecting the hardness of the measurement object (S) from the amount of biting of the push needle (12) pressed against the surface of the measurement object (S);
A base (2) with legs (22) installed on the surface of the measurement object (S);
A support member (3) attached to the base (2) and movably supporting the hardness meter (1) in a direction approaching and separating from the surface of the measurement object (S);
Spring members (4) and (4) for urging the hardness meter (1) in a direction away from the surface of the measurement object (S),
The base (2) is placed on the surface of the measurement object (S), and the hardness meter (1) is applied to the biasing force of the spring members (4) and (4) while holding the handle (15). by pushing and anti, indentor (12) is the portable hardness measurements to be pressed against the surface of the measuring object (S) through a through hole (20) of the base (2) of the hardness meter (1) A device,
A protective cylinder (36) through which the push needle (12) is inserted is fixed to the hardness meter (1),
This protective cylinder (36) is slidably fitted into the through hole (20) of the base (2),
A needle cover (50) for protecting the needle tip of the push needle (12) protruding from the protective cylinder (36) is provided in the protective cylinder (36) so as to be able to appear and retract.
Push-in amount of the hardness meter (1) so that the tip surface of the protective cylinder (36) does not protrude beyond the installation surface of the legs (22) of the base (2) when the hardness meter (1) is pushed in. A hand-held hardness measuring apparatus characterized in that is adjusted . The base (2) includes a plurality of legs (22) , and these legs (22) are arranged at equal intervals from the through-hole part (20) so as to surround the through-hole part (20). The portable hardness measuring apparatus according to claim 1 . The support member (3) includes a pair of guide shafts (30) (30) erected on the base (2) so as to sandwich the hardness meter (1), and the guide shafts (30) (30). And a hardness meter mounting base (31) which is mounted so as to be movable along the guide shafts (30) and (30), and the pair of guide shafts (30) and (30) are respectively inserted. The portable hardness measuring apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the spring member (4) (4) is interposed between the base (2) and the hardness meter mounting base (31). The portable hardness measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the measurement object (S) is a waterproof sheet material constructed on a heat insulating base (G) in a building. Using the portable hardness measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the leg (22) of the base (2) is installed on the surface of the measuring object (S), and the handle (15) ) With the hardness meter (1) attached in a self-standing manner, the hardness measuring device is placed on the measurement object (S), and the hardness meter (1) is moved to the spring while holding the handle (15). By pushing against the urging force of the members (4) and (4), the measurement object ((12) of the hardness meter (1) is passed through the through hole (20) of the base (2). A method for measuring hardness, wherein the method is pressed against the surface of S).