JP5201383B2 - Ship having means for preventing rollover and large inclination - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a ship provided with a protrusion for preventing capsizing and large inclination of a ship navigating the ocean.

  Conventionally, fin stabilizers, anti-rolling tanks, and the like are known as means for preventing rollover and large inclination. However, in order to employ these means, it is necessary to introduce expensive and complicated devices. In addition, drastic improvement of the hull shape itself can be considered as a preventive measure. This change was difficult to adopt because it led to a decrease in cruise speed and fuel consumption.

  Most ships respond by drastically reducing the navigation speed during stormy weather. The current situation is that it is hard to be perfect as a means. In addition, overturning and large tilting when navigating in stormy weather with a follow-up or oblique follow-up may occur suddenly without warning, and it is impossible to handle by maneuvering after the start of the large tilt. It was.

As a means of preventing overturning to be mounted on the hull of a ship, in a small ship having a drainage tonnage of about 20 tons or less, the roll control member on the side outer plate is extended laterally or non-extended. The roll control member is installed so that it can be arbitrarily switched to any one of the states, and when the roll restricting member is in a laterally extended state and the hull 1 rolls over a certain angle, the roll restricting member is Has been proposed that immerses itself in water surrounding it and generates a rolling regulation force by interaction with water (Patent Document 1).
In this means, since the regulating member hardly projects from the side outer plate in the non-projected state, there is no large water resistance, and if the regulating member is provided in the vicinity of the draft line even in the projected state, it is large for propulsion of the hull. There is an advantage that it does not become an obstacle, but it is necessary to perform an overhanging operation by predicting a big wave, it is not effective against large waves that hit without a sign, and the regulating member is attached to the side skin In the overhanging state, there is a problem that it is impossible to berth at the port, and further, there is a problem that stable navigation becomes difficult because a large resistance is applied to one side away from the center of gravity of the ship when the regulating member is submerged. .
JP 2002-114190 A

An object of the present invention is to provide means for preventing dangerous phenomena such as rollover and large inclination when an unexpected large roll occurs in a ship navigating in stormy weather.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a means for dramatically improving safety during voyage with a minimum modification in an existing ship as well as a new ship.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a means that does not get in the way during normal navigation, operation, or berthing even when the above-described means is mounted.

The present invention provides a protrusion that prevents capsizing and large tilting on the waterline on both sides of the bow of the ship, so that even if an unexpected roll occurs in a ship navigating in stormy weather, large tilting or capsizing This is to avoid the worst situation.
As a result of repeated research on the lift generated on the protrusions when the ship is inclined, the protrusions provided on the waterline on both sides of the bow of the ship are particularly suitable for rollover and large inclination at high speeds. The present invention has been found to have a tremendous effect.

  Since the protrusion of the present invention is mounted on the water surface, it is on the water surface during normal navigation and there is no increase in resistance. There is no need to perform a predicted extension operation, and it works effectively against large waves suddenly attacking without warning.

As a method for forming the projection according to the present invention, in addition to attaching a plate-like or wing-like member, a convex portion may be formed on the draft line on both sides of the bow portion of the ship.
Moreover, since the front-end | tip part does not exceed the maximum width | variety by the side of a ridge, the protrusion of this invention can be docked as it is, and does not affect fishing in a fishing boat. Moreover, if the method of forming a protrusion using a plate-like or wing-like member is adopted, it can be easily attached to an existing ship.

The outline of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a cross-section of the bow of the ship. When there is no lateral inclination, there is no difference between when the ship is not equipped with respect to the navigation of the ship because the projection is on the water surface, but the ship is large as shown in FIG. In the case of the horizontal inclination, the protrusions are submerged and an upward lift force proportional to the square of the forward speed is generated. A restoring moment corresponding to the product of this lift and the distance from the center of gravity of the hull will be obtained. A deceleration effect is also obtained at the same time by the drag in the stern direction generated on the projection.

  As shown in FIG. 3, lift is obtained by attaching the protrusions so as to be inclined upward in the propulsion direction. In this case, it is preferable to suppress the inclination angle to be equal to or less than the stall angle.

  As shown in FIG. 4, when the tilt angle is set to be equal to or greater than the stall angle, the contribution of drag rather than lift increases. When the ship is inclined as shown in FIG. 5, the submerged protrusion acts as a baffle plate, and a stern-direction drag proportional to the square of the ship's forward speed is generated. Large slopes mainly in the high-speed region are caused by acceleration due to waves, and the effect of protrusions is resisted to obtain deceleration and prevent acceleration by waves and avoid danger. I can do it. Further, since this drag acts near the center of gravity of the ship, the turning moment generated in the ship is small and stable navigation can be maintained.

  The larger the projected area of the projection of the present invention, the more effective. The size of the projection of the present invention depends on its shape and ship type, but in order to exert a practical effect, the volume of the projection or, if the projection is a wing shape, the wing area. The value multiplied by the maximum wing thickness needs to be 0.1% or more of the underwater hull volume.

  It is desirable to attach the projection of the present invention to a portion where the ship width of the bow portion is narrow. If it is this part, an effective area can be ensured in the range which the front-end | tip of a protrusion does not exceed the maximum width | variety by the side of a heel.

  In the vertical mounting position of the projection of the present invention, the projection needs to be submerged before reaching the maximum stability angle in plain water.

  The projection shape of the projection of the present invention onto the horizontal plane is not limited as long as it is a shape that can generate lift and drag, such as a flat plate or NACA series, and does not hinder ship navigation. Further, the protrusions on both sides of the bow may be integrally formed.

  The protrusion of the present invention preferably has a hollow structure in order to suppress an increase in weight and ensure strength for reliably transmitting lift generated in the protrusion to the hull. It doesn't matter.

  The protrusion of the present invention is preferably made of steel from the viewpoint of strength, but may be made of reinforced plastic or wood in the case of a lightweight small ship.

  When attaching the projection of the present invention to an existing ship, means for fixing welding and the indicator shaft through the left and right side can be adopted.

  Although the shape of the protrusion of this invention is shown in FIGS. 11-13, it is not restricted to this. FIG. 13D shows an example of a baffle plate.

A model ship with a total length of 2.714 m, a total width of 0.5375 m, and a displacement of 130 kg (carp net fishing boat) is transported via a towing shaft in a 100-m long, 7.8-m wide, and 4.35-m deep Osaka University marine test tank. At a speed of 1.346, 1.794, 2.243 m / s (fluid number, Fn = 0.3, 0.4, 0.5), and the restoring force acting on the hull was measured using a 4-component force sensor (manufactured by Nissho Electric Co., Ltd.).
Next, an NACA0012-shaped airfoil shape appendage with a width of 107.17 mm and a length of 107.17 mm is mounted on the draft line of the bow of the same model ship, and the appendage inclination angle α = 5, 15, 25 degrees. A similar increase in stability was confirmed when experiments similar to the above were performed and the stability was compared. The lift generated by the appendage is as shown in FIGS.
The restoring force curve without an appendage can be easily obtained by hydrostatic calculation. According to this, the restoring force becomes maximum at a hull lateral inclination angle of 7 degrees, and the restoring force disappearance angle is 19 degrees. Considering the increase in the restoring force due to the adduct obtained in the experiment, the restoring force curve is as shown in FIG. The increase in restoring force was assumed to be a constant lift because the adjunct was completely submerged in the range where the hull lateral inclination angle was 10 degrees or more. For example, when the blade inclination angle α = 25 ° and the speed Fn = 0.5, the restoring force loss angle is 26 °, and the maximum restoring force 挺 value is 1.8 times that of the case where no additionals are equipped. Also become. In this way, just by installing additional items on the waterline at both sides of the bow, the restoring force when the hull is tilted greatly increases significantly compared to when it is not equipped, and the risk of overturning can be greatly reduced. it can.

Cross-sectional view of the ship's bow with protrusions (normal) Sectional view of the ship's bow with the protrusions attached (inclined part) Side view of a ship with protrusions Cross-sectional view of the ship's bow with protrusions (normal) Sectional view of the ship's bow with protrusions (when tilted) Ship model with protrusions (normal) Ship model with protrusions (when tilted) Graph showing lift measurements Graph showing lift measurements A graph showing the ship's lateral tilt angle and the measured stability force Example of cross-sectional shape of protrusion Example of planar shape of protrusion Example of front shape of protrusion

Explanation of symbols

1 Ship 2 Protrusion 2 'Protrusion (baffle plate)
3 Lifting force 4 Restoring moment
G center of gravity

Claims (3)

Protrusions made of plate-like or wing-like members are provided on the waterline on both sides, and the protrusions have an inclination angle equal to or greater than the stall angle when the ship inclines and submerses during navigation. Ship. The ship according to claim 1, wherein the protrusion does not exceed a maximum ship width. The ship according to claim 1, wherein the non-movable protrusion is provided.