JP5186168B2 - Plant growth promoter - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a plant growth promoter, and more particularly to a plant growth promoter that promotes the growth of a wide range of plants such as vegetables and cereals and has effects such as yield improvement and flowering promotion.

Promoting plant growth and improving the yield of necessary vegetables and grains is extremely important from the viewpoint of increasing food production and reducing CO ₂ that causes global warming by improving photosynthesis. In the past, many means have been developed. Of these, most of the plant hormones act on a part of plant organs, and do not act on the whole plant and increase the yield. In addition, research on the promotion of plant growth by genetic manipulation has been conducted, but its safety has not been established.

From this point of view, it is desirable to find a substance having a plant growth promoting action among substances existing in nature, and the present inventor has found that a microorganism belonging to Pseudomonas arginalis has an excellent plant growth promoting action, Applied (Patent Document 1).
JP 2000-191421 A

However, since microorganisms belonging to the genus Pseudomonas can be pathogenic to plants, a safer plant growth promoter has been desired.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a plant growth promoter derived from a natural product having high safety and an excellent plant growth promoting action.

  Therefore, the present inventor has been searching for components and microorganisms in the soil for a long time while cultivating the plant, and the microorganism belonging to Arcelobacter histidinovololans isolated from the cultivated soil of peanut is an excellent plant. It has been found that it has a growth promoting action and has high safety, and the present invention has been completed.

  That is, this invention provides the plant growth promoter which uses as an active ingredient the microorganisms which belong to Arterobactor histidinolovorans or its variant.

  If the plant growth promoter of this invention is used, the growth of the whole plant will be accelerated | stimulated and the yield of vegetables, grains, etc. can be aimed at. In addition, safety is high.

  Arcelobacter histidinorobolans or a variant thereof, which is an active ingredient of the plant growth promoter of the present invention, can be isolated from roots during peanut cultivation, for example.

Arcelobacter histidinovobolans or a variant thereof can be grown in a normal nutrient medium. For example, after pre-culturing in a nutrient medium containing normal organic substances and salts, a nutrient such as molasses can be used. If the main culture is an aqueous solution diluted 100-fold with the medium, the number of cells of about 10 ⁶ to 10 ⁷ / mL can be obtained. Therefore, the culture solution should be sterilized and used as a plant growth promoter. Can do.

  The following M-1 strain is mentioned as an example of the Arcelobacter histidinovobolans or its variant used by this invention. As a result of identification from the base sequence of 16S rRNA gene, the M-1 strain was identified as Arthrobactor histidinolovorans. Therefore, this M-1 strain was deposited as FERM P-20908 at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Patent Organism Depositary. Moreover, a mutant is mentioned as a variant here.

  The culture of the M-1 strain of the present invention may be performed using an organic substance or simple liquid fertilizer as a medium in the same manner as described above.

  The culture obtained by the above-mentioned method may be used as it is for Arcelobacter histidinovobolans or a variant thereof used in the present invention, or it may be purified by a conventional method.

  The plant growth promoter of the present invention is sufficiently effective only by Arcelobacter histidinolobolans or a variant thereof, but besides this, other plant growth regulators; saccharides; nitrogen, phosphate and Inorganic salts containing potassium; urea, amino acids, vitamins, other minerals, and the like can be blended. Further, other agricultural chemicals, fertilizers and the like may be mixed and used as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.

  Examples of the dosage form of the plant growth promoter of the present invention include liquids, powders, granules and the like, and these can be produced according to a conventional method.

The following method is exemplified for applying the plant growth promoter of the present invention to plants.
(A) Method of irrigating the soil A liquid having 10 ⁴ to 10 ⁸ cells / mL is sterilized at 60 ° C. for 24 hours and used. The time of irrigation may be appropriately determined depending on the plant, but the time (12 to 16 days after sowing) when the true leaves are about 3 to 6 cm long is preferable. For example, in leafy vegetables and the like, at a growth temperature of 20 ° C. ± 5 ° C., a soil volume of 700 to 800 g may be introduced into a 15 cm pot, and 50 mL of a 500 to 1000 times solution may be injected into one pot.
(B) Foliar spraying method 50 to 1000 times of the solution is sprayed once at a time (7 to 10 days after sowing) of the main leaf using the solution (a).

  Although it differs depending on the crop, any one of the above methods (a) and (b) may be performed once. The growth promoting effect is remarkably improved from about 10-14 days later, and the growth in the middle and late stages is particularly remarkable. At the time of collection, the yield is increased by 1.5 to 2.5 times compared to the control without using the product of the present invention.

In general, the treatment concentration of each crop at a suitable growth temperature is 500 to 1000 times, and it is preferable to reduce the concentration at a high temperature outside the suitable growth temperature (1000 times or 2000 times or less). In monocotyledonous plants such as rice and wheat, the concentration is preferably lowered (1000 to 3000 times).
However, if the treatment period is too long or the bacterial cell concentration is too high, growth may be suppressed. Therefore, it is desirable to determine the treatment period by testing each crop.

  Examples of plants to which the plant growth promoting agent of the present invention is applied include vegetables such as komatsuna, spinach, large eastern vegetables, Nozawana, Hiroshima vegetables, Chinese cabbage, Japanese radish, cabbage, turnip, pumpkin, peppers, and tomatoes; Grains such as barley, wheat, barnyard millet, corn, millet; flower buds such as cosmos, torenia, chrysanthemum, gerbera, pansy, orchid, peonies, tulips; beans such as azuki bean, green beans, soybeans, peanuts, broad beans, peas; Turf such as bentgrass and wild buckwheat; leeks; pastures such as alfalfa, clover, and lotus.

  Of these, flowering promotion effects can also be obtained for florets.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example is given and this invention is demonstrated further in detail, this invention is not limited to these.

Example 1
I cultivated peanuts and found a very viable individual that seems to be a mutant. The nodules of the individual were collected and the bacteria after washing were cultured using TSB as a medium to obtain many colonies. Therefore, based on this colony, it was divided into 10 fractions and bioassay was performed based on Komatsuna.
By repeating the process, a fraction that promotes growth was obtained. Further, this was subdivided into several parts and subjected to a bioassay. As a result, a bacterial cell M-1 for promoting growth was obtained.

DNA was extracted from the obtained bacterial cell (M-1) by the following method, and identified from the base sequence of 16S rRNA gene.
(1) Extraction of DNA DNA was extracted by the alkali-SDS method using Sepa Gene Kit (Sanko Junyaku Co., Ltd.).
(2) Amplification of rRNA gene Bacteria amplified a gene of about 1.5 kbp using two kinds of universal primers specific for 16S rRNA.
(3) Analysis and identification of nucleotide sequence After the obtained amplification product was purified, nucleotide sequence analysis was performed using a DNA sequencer (Applied Biosystems 3100 DNA Sequencer). The obtained base sequence was searched online from the Genebank database.

  As a result, the M-1 strain was 100% identical with the 16S rRNA of Arcelobacter histidinovololans and was identified as a strain belonging to Arcelobacter histidinovobolans.

Example 2
(1) Treatment concentration After culturing in a culture solution (TSB tryptosome bouillon) at 25 ° C for 3 days, the number of cells of M-1 strain reached about 4.6 × 10 ⁸ / mL, and then sterilized at 80 ° C for 1 hour. . A 500 to 1000 times solution of this solution is used.

(2) Soil
(a) Commercially available culture soil, or (b) Black soil and red jade soil (small grains) are mixed in equal amounts, and IB48 ordinary chemical (8: 8: 8) mixed with 1 g of 700 g of soil is used.

(3) Treatment method and time The above soil is put in a 15 cm polyvinyl pot (temperature: 15 to 20 ° C.) to prepare 15 pieces and 15 treatments and 15 treatments. Three seeds are left in the middle of sowing and growing 10 seeds, and the same growth is made. Processing is performed when the true leaf is 2 to 3 cm. Controls are treated with PSB solution only.

(4) Prototypes Komatsuna and spinach.
The 500-fold solution treatment was performed only once, and the body weight was measured 20 to 30 days after irrigation with 50 mL of irrigation. Differences in growth occurred between the middle and late stages of about 10 to 14 days.
As a result, the average value of Komatsuna was 1.43 times that of the control. Spinach averaged 1.98 times higher than the control. In addition, it processed with the dilute liquid 700 to 1000 times at the time of high temperature.

Example 3 Komatsuna (Example using field)
Using 2m ² of cultivated land, 100g of bitter lime per 1m ^{2 and} 2kg of fully matured compost and 60g of organic compound fertilizer were applied and mixed well (no additional fertilization). A tunnel method is used at both low and high temperatures, and is covered with vinyl at low temperatures. Non-woven fabric for cold cultivation or cold potatoes at high temperatures (light transmittance of 90%, enough sunlight, watering from above is possible at high temperatures) (No insect repellent is used). 6 to 10 days after germination, 2 holes per 2 to 3 cm are used as a reference, and 50 to 500 mL of a 500 to 1000 times solution is injected into each hole. The body weight was measured after 25 days at low temperature and 20 days at high temperature. As a result, a difference of 1.5 times that of the control at a low temperature and 2.0 times that of the control at a high temperature were produced.

For spinach (variety parc), the same method was used. Since hate acidic 1 m ² per dolomite 150 g, ripe compost 2 kg, organic blended fertilizers 120 g, Nashi top dressing. As a result, it grew twice as much as the control.

Claims (1)

A plant growth promoter comprising Arcelobacter histidinovobolans M-1 (FERM P-20908) as an active ingredient.