JP4991046B2 - Apoptosis inducer - Google Patents

Apoptosis inducer Download PDF

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JP4991046B2
JP4991046B2 JP2000379937A JP2000379937A JP4991046B2 JP 4991046 B2 JP4991046 B2 JP 4991046B2 JP 2000379937 A JP2000379937 A JP 2000379937A JP 2000379937 A JP2000379937 A JP 2000379937A JP 4991046 B2 JP4991046 B2 JP 4991046B2
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apoptosis
polysaccharide
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cell
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康一 奥谷
政広 松田
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有限会社 シーバイオン
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は医薬の分野で有用であり、より具体的には細胞の新陳代謝等に関係深いアポトーシス誘導剤としての多糖類の利用方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
生物体を構成する細胞の死滅は、アポトーシス(apoptosis)とネクローシス(necrosis)の二つに大別される。ネクローシスは、環境の悪化又は細胞の物理的障害により惹起される細胞死であり、一方、アポトーシスは、これと異なり、積極的に制御されている細胞死のことである[ササダ(M.Sasada):血液フロンティア, 10, 1367-1372(2000)参照]。
【0003】
近年、このアポトーシスによる細胞死が、生物学、医学等の基礎研究分野、医薬品製造等の工業分野において注目を集めている。その理由は、アポトーシスが胎生期の発達過程における形態器官形成、正常細胞の回転、免疫系の構築と維持、ホルモンに依存した細胞死制御などの生理的現象において、又病理的現象としては放射線や薬物による細胞死、ウイルス感染による細胞死など、さらに種々疾患との深い関連など極めて広範囲かつ重要なことが明らかにされつつあること。各種の抗がん剤がアポトーシスでがん細胞破壊を行うこと、及び最近の遺伝子研究の進展に伴い、アポトーシスそのものがどのような遺伝子で制御されており、アポトーシスに到る情報がどのようにして伝達されるかについての知見が蓄積され、細胞生物学上の基本的興味がもたれたこと、等である[ムラテ(T.Murate):血液フロンティア、10, 1373-1381(2000)及びユオ(Yuo):血液フロンティア, 10, 1383-1395(2000)参照]。
【0004】
以上のような知見は、アポトーシスを誘導することによって、その存在が生体にとって望ましくない細胞、例えば自己免疫疾患患者の自己反応性リンパ球、アレルギー患者のアレルゲンに感作されたリンパ球、がん細胞等を排除することが可能であることを示しており、そのためにアポトーシス誘導剤の果たす役割が期待されている。又外部からの細菌やウイルスのアポトーシスを誘導することにより、細菌からの感染治療を促したり、あるいは、皮膚の表皮細胞のアポトーシスを誘導することにより皮膚の新陳代謝を促進することができると考えられる。従って、アポトーシスを制御する因子や薬剤を開発し、これらの疾患の治療に応用する可能性を探る動きも起こってきている。しかし、その数はまだ少なく、新たな化合物の提供が望まれている。
【0005】
このうち、多糖類に関係するものとしては、例えばヘパリンがヒトリンパ芽球のアポトーシスを強く誘導すること[エルドラン(E.Erduran)ら:American Journal of Hematology, 61, 90-93(1999)参照]や、海洋微細藻類の生産する硫酸多糖類がヒト白血病培養細胞K562に対しいてアポトーシス誘導作用のあることが知られている[ソガワ(K.Sogawa)ら:Journal of Marine Biotechnology, 6, 241-243(1998)参照]。
【0006】
電子顕微鏡を用いた形態学的観察によれば、アポトーシスによる細胞死では、染色体の凝集、細胞核の断片化、細胞表面の微絨毛の消失、細胞質の凝縮が観察され、アポトーシスにより死滅した細胞は、速やかにマクロフアージ等に貪食されて処理されることが明らかにされている。また、染色体DNAの断片化等の生化学的特徴を伴うアポトーシスが観察されることが多いことも良く知られている。
【0007】
一方、構造式(I)で示される硫酸多糖類は、海洋微生物の培養液から分離精製された化合物であり、ある主のウイルスに対して弱い抗ウイルス活性をを示すことが知られている[マツダ(M.Matsuda)ら:日本水産学会誌, 59, 535-538(1993)及びマツダ(M.Matsuda)ら:Marine Biotechnology, 1, 68-73(1999)参照]。しかしながら、その生物活性とくにアポトーシス誘導作用を有することは知られておらず、文献にも記載されていない。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、海洋微生物の培養物から分離精製した多糖類をアポトーシス誘導剤として開発し提供することを目的とす
る。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等は、種々の化合物について探索した結果、海洋微生物の生産する多糖類にアポトーシスを誘導する作用を持つことを見出し、本発明を完成した。即ち本発明は、有効成分が構造式(I)で示される化合物又はその塩類を全容積基準で0.1μL以上含むアポトーシス誘導剤を要旨とする。
【化1】

Figure 0004991046
【0010】
本発明で使用した多糖類は、文献[上記マツダ(M.Matsuda)ら:1993] に記載されている硫酸多糖類と同じもので、場合により薬理及び製薬上容認できるその塩である。
【0011】
即ち、本発明は上記構造式(I)で表される多糖類又は生理学的に許容されうるその塩のアポトーシス誘導剤としての利用に関するものである。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明で使用する多糖類を生産する能力のある微生物としては、海洋性シユードモナス(Pseudomonas)属の微生物が挙げられ、より具体的にはシュードモナス・エスピー(Pseudomonas sp.)WAK-1が挙げられる。本株は香川大学農学部生物資源食糧化学科松田研究室に保存されている[マツダ(M.Matsuda)ら:日本水産学会誌, 58, 1735-1741(1992)参照]。
【0013】
なお、該多糖類の生産株シュードモナス・エスピー(Pseudomonas sp.)WAK-1に因んで、上記構造式(I)で示される多糖類をを以下WAK-APOと称する。
【0014】
海洋性シュードモナス(Pseudomonas)属の菌株を栄養源含有培地に接種して発育させることにより、WAK-APOを含む培養物が得られる。培地は前記微生物が資化できる炭素源、窒素源及び生育に必要な各種無機塩等の栄養源を含む液体培地が好ましい。具体的には、例えば、炭素源としては、グルコース、フラクトース、シュクロース等が挙げられ、単独又は混合物として用いられる。窒素源としては、肉エキス、酵母エキス、ポリペプトン、その他の有機物あるいは無機物等が挙げられ、単独又は混合物として用いられる。無機塩としては、炭酸カルシウム、塩化ナトリウム、又は各種リン酸塩等を使用することができる。その他、必要に応じて、鉄、マンガン、亜鉛、コバルト等の重金属塩を微量添加することもできる。また、海水で調製した培地が好ましいが、人工海水や2〜3重量%の食塩水でも良い。
【0015】
培養方法としては、一般の微生物の代謝産物生産方法と同様に行えばよく、固体培養でも液体培養でも良いが、液体培養がより好ましい。液体培養の場合は、攪拌培養、振盪培養又は通気培養等のいずれを実施しても良いが、実質的に振盪の条件で培養すれば、培養物中に本発明で使用する硫酸多糖類が選択的に生成蓄積する(特願2000-265079参照)。発泡の激しい場合には、消泡剤として例えば大豆油等の植物油、オクタデカノール等の高次アルコール類、各種シリコン化合物等を適宜添加しても良い。
【0016】
培養は通常pHは6.0〜8.0、好ましくは6.5〜7.5の範囲で、温度は15〜35℃、好ましくは25〜30℃が適当である。培養時間は本発明で用いる多糖類の生産が最大に達する期間が選ばれるが、通常は48〜144時間、好ましくは72〜96時間である。
【0017】
このようにして得られた培養物中には、本発明で使用する多糖類が含まれている。該多糖類の採取に当たっては、WAK-APOは菌体外に存在するので、予め培養物中の菌体や他の固形成分を除去した後、通常の分離手段、例えば溶媒沈殿法、イオン交換樹脂法又は吸着若しくは分配クロマトグラフィー法及びゲル濾過法、透析、凍結乾燥法等多糖類を不純物から回収するために通常使用されている手段を単独にあるいは適宜組み合わせることによって分離精製できる。
【0018】
その一例を示すと、上記固形分を除去して得られた溶液にエタノール等の溶剤を添加して該多糖類を析出せしめる。得られた該多糖類を水に溶解させ、これに第四級アンモニウム塩例えばセチルトリメチルアンモニウムブロマイド溶液を加えてセチルトリメチルアンモニウムブロマイドとの複合体として多糖類を沈殿させる。この沈殿物を塩化ナトリウムを含む水に溶解させた後、エタノールによる沈殿を行い、沈殿物を水に溶解させた後、透析、凍結乾燥することにより該多糖類を得ることができる。
【0019】
このようにして得られた多糖類については、DEAE-セルロースイオン交換カラムクロマトグラフィー、電気泳動法による均一性分析、糖組成分析、硫酸基分析、及び核磁気共鳴分析等により、目的とする多糖類であることが確認できる[上記マツダ(M.Matsuda)ら、(1993)参照]。
【0020】
得られた多糖類を試験試料としてヒト骨髄性白血病細胞U937を用いてアポトーシス誘導試験を細胞の形態変化と、DNAの断片化分析とにより試験を実施する。
【0021】
【実施例】
以下に、参考例、試験例を挙げて本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明は実施例のみに限定されるものではない。
参考例 文献[マツダ(M.Matsuda)ら: 1992]の記載に従い、ペプトン0.5%、酵母エキス0.1%、の組成を有する海水から調製した培地を、121℃にて20分間オートクレーブで滅菌した。シュードモナス・エスピーWAK-1(Pseudomonas sp.WAK-1, 香川大学農学部生物資源食糧化学科松田研究室保存菌株No.WAK-1)の保存用斜面培養から1白金耳を試験管中の上記滅菌培地(10mL)に接種し、28℃にて72時間振盪培養をおこなった。ついで、この前培養液を500mL容の三角フラスコ中の3%ショ糖加上記滅菌培地(200mL)に接種し、28℃にて72時間振盪培養を行った。培養後、培養終了液を遠心分離して菌体を除いた上澄液に2倍量のエタノールを加え、白色沈殿を得た。この沈殿物を採取し、水(200mL)中に溶解し、沈殿が新たに生じなくなるまで5%セチルトリメチルアンモニウムブロマイド水溶液を徐々に加え、セチルトリメチルアンモニウムブロマイドとの複合体として多糖類を沈殿させた。この複合体を水で洗浄して過剰のセチルトリメチルアンモニウムブロマイドを除いた後、4M塩化ナトリウム水溶液(200ml)中に複合体を溶解した。この溶液に、2倍量のエタノールを加えて多糖類を沈殿させた。得られた沈殿物を水に溶解し、水に対して透析後、凍結乾燥を行い、酸性多糖類(約0.1g)を得た。本多糖類をさらに精製するため、次にこの多糖類(102mg)を0.01Mリン酸塩緩衝液(pH7.0)100mLに溶解し0.01Mリン酸緩衝液(pH7.0)で平衡させたDEAE-セルロースカラム(2.3×22.5cm)に充填した。0.01Mリン酸緩衝液(pH7.0)中の0.6M塩化ナトリウムで溶出される画分を除いた後、0.8M塩化ナトリウムで溶出される画分を集め、透析し、次いで凍結乾燥し多糖類(53mg)を得た。このようにして得られた多糖類については、セルロースアセテート膜電気泳動法を用いて均一性を確認すると共に、糖組成分析、硫酸基含量分析、及び核磁気共鳴分析等により、構造式(I)で示される多糖類であることを確認した[上記マツダ(M.Matsuda)ら:(1993)参照]。
【0022】
次に、上記で得られたWAK-APOについて本発明の効果を確認するため、以下の試験を行った。アポトーシス誘導作用を検出する際には、細胞壊死であるネクローシスとの違いを明らかにする必要がある。アポトーシスが誘導された細胞は、上述したように、先ず細胞が縮小し、クロマチンが凝縮し、凝縮した核は断片化する。また、細胞表面の微絨毛は消失して平滑化し、自己認識機構を担う細胞表面分子マーカーを徐々に喪失していく。さらに、細胞表面に大小の突起が出現し、やがてアポトーシス小体に断片化する。このアポトーシス小体は、生体内においてはやがてマクロファージのような貪食細胞によって除去される。
【0023】
そこでこれらの現象に着目して、ヒト骨髄性白血病細胞U937にWAK-APOを添加し、反応終了後、アポトーシスが誘導されたかどうかを検出するため、以下のような複数の方法を用いて実験を行った。
【0024】
試験例 ヒト培養細胞に対する前記参考例で得たWAK-APOのアポトーシス誘導効果を試験管内で試験した。培養細胞にはヒト単球系白血病細胞U937を用いた。培地は、10%FBSを含むRPMIを用いた。細胞の前培養を行い、対数期に入った細胞を3×105個/mLになるように培地で調整し、24穴培養プレートに1mLずつ分注し、サンプル溶液を10μLずつ最終濃度が、それぞれ10, 1, 0.1, 0.01μg/mLになるように添加し、混和した。培養は、37℃、5%炭酸ガス濃度で行い、 24時間培養した後、各ウエルの細胞について形態変化を顕微鏡写真撮影し観察すると共に、アガロース電気泳動法でDNA断片化分析を行った。
【0025】
形態変化の観察では、形態変化の全くないものを(-)、多くの細胞に形態変化が認められるものを(+)、細胞が死滅していると思われるものを(++)と判定し、又DNA 断片化分析 では、DNA ladderが見られないものを(-)、DNAの分解が認められるものを(+)とし、DNA ladderがはっきり見られるものを(++)と判定した。試験結果を表1に示す。
【0026】
【表1】
Figure 0004991046
【0027】
表1に示すように、コントロールにおいては、形態変化、DNAの断片化は見られなかったが、WAK-APOで処理したU937細胞には0.1, 1μ/mLの濃度でアポトーシスに特徴的な細胞の形態変化が認められた。又0.1, 1μ/mLの濃度で断片化したDNAからなる梯子状の泳動像が見られ、アポトーシスの特徴であるDNAの断片化が観察された。
【0028】
以上の試験結果が示すように、本参考例で製造したWAK-APOにはアポトーシス誘導作用があることが認められた。
【0029】
【発明の効果】
本発明に記載する多糖類WAK-APOは、ヒト培養細胞に対してアポトーシス誘導作用を示すことから、細胞サイクルを制御することが可能であり、医薬、例えば悪性腫瘍、自己免疫疾患、炎症等の治療薬としての用途が期待できる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is useful in the field of medicine, and more specifically, relates to a method of using a polysaccharide as an apoptosis inducer that is closely related to cell metabolism and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The death of the cells that make up an organism can be broadly divided into apoptosis and necrosis. Necrosis is cell death caused by environmental degradation or cellular physical damage, whereas apoptosis is different from actively controlled cell death [M. Sasada. : Blood Frontier, 10, 1367-1372 (2000)].
[0003]
In recent years, cell death due to apoptosis has attracted attention in basic research fields such as biology and medicine, and industrial fields such as pharmaceutical production. The reason for this is that apoptosis is a physiological phenomenon such as morphological organ formation in the developmental process of embryonic life, normal cell rotation, immune system construction and maintenance, hormone-dependent cell death control, and pathological phenomena include radiation and A wide range of important things such as cell death caused by drugs and cell death caused by viral infections, etc. are being revealed. As various anticancer agents destroy cancer cells by apoptosis, and with the recent progress of genetic research, what kind of gene is controlled by apoptosis, and how information on apoptosis is Knowledge of how it is transmitted has accumulated basic interests in cell biology, etc. [T. Murate: Blood Frontier, 10, 1373-1381 (2000) and Yuo (Yuo ): Blood Frontier, 10, 1383-1395 (2000)].
[0004]
These findings suggest that by inducing apoptosis, cells whose presence is undesirable for the body, such as autoreactive lymphocytes in patients with autoimmune diseases, lymphocytes sensitized to allergens in allergic patients, and cancer cells It has been shown that it is possible to eliminate the above, and therefore a role played by an apoptosis inducer is expected. In addition, it is considered that by inducing apoptosis of bacteria and viruses from the outside, it is possible to promote infection treatment from bacteria, or to promote skin metabolism by inducing apoptosis of skin epidermis cells. Therefore, there is a movement to develop factors and drugs that control apoptosis and to explore the possibility of applying them to the treatment of these diseases. However, the number is still small, and provision of a new compound is desired.
[0005]
Among these, as related to polysaccharides, for example, heparin strongly induces apoptosis of human lymphoblasts [see E. Erduran et al .: American Journal of Hematology, 61, 90-93 (1999)] It is known that sulfated polysaccharides produced by marine microalgae have an apoptosis-inducing action on human leukemia cultured cells K562 [K. Sogawa et al .: Journal of Marine Biotechnology, 6, 241-243 ( 1998)].
[0006]
According to morphological observations using an electron microscope, cell death due to apoptosis showed chromosome aggregation, cell nucleus fragmentation, loss of microvilli on the cell surface, and cytoplasmic condensation. It has been clarified that it is quickly engulfed by macrophages and processed. It is also well known that apoptosis accompanied by biochemical features such as chromosomal DNA fragmentation is often observed.
[0007]
On the other hand, the sulfated polysaccharide represented by the structural formula (I) is a compound separated and purified from the culture solution of marine microorganisms, and is known to exhibit weak antiviral activity against certain main viruses [ M. Matsuda et al .: Japanese Journal of Fisheries Science, 59, 535-538 (1993) and M. Matsuda et al .: Marine Biotechnology, 1, 68-73 (1999)]. However, it is not known to have its biological activity, particularly apoptosis-inducing action, and is not described in the literature.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to develop and provide a polysaccharide isolated and purified from a culture of marine microorganisms as an apoptosis inducer.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of searching for various compounds, the present inventors have found that polysaccharides produced by marine microorganisms have an effect of inducing apoptosis, and completed the present invention. That is, the gist of the present invention is an apoptosis inducer in which the active ingredient contains 0.1 μL or more of the compound represented by the structural formula (I) or a salt thereof based on the total volume.
[Chemical 1]
Figure 0004991046
[0010]
The polysaccharide used in the present invention is the same as the sulfated polysaccharide described in the literature [M. Matsuda et al .: 1993], and is optionally a pharmacologically and pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[0011]
That is, the present invention relates to the use of the polysaccharide represented by the structural formula (I) or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof as an apoptosis inducer.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Examples of the microorganism capable of producing the polysaccharide used in the present invention include microorganisms belonging to the genus Marine Pseudomonas, and more specifically, Pseudomonas sp. WAK-1. This strain is preserved in the Matsuda laboratory of the Department of Bioresources and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University [see M. Matsuda et al .: Journal of the Japanese Fisheries Society, 58, 1735-1741 (1992)].
[0013]
Note that the polysaccharide represented by the above structural formula (I) is hereinafter referred to as WAK-APO because of the polysaccharide producing strain Pseudomonas sp. WAK-1.
[0014]
A culture containing WAK-APO can be obtained by inoculating a nutrient source-containing medium with a strain of the genus Marine Pseudomonas, and allowing it to grow. The medium is preferably a liquid medium containing a carbon source that can be assimilated by the microorganism, a nitrogen source, and nutrient sources such as various inorganic salts necessary for growth. Specifically, for example, as the carbon source, glucose, fructose, sucrose and the like can be mentioned, and these can be used alone or as a mixture. Examples of the nitrogen source include meat extract, yeast extract, polypeptone, other organic substances or inorganic substances, and they are used alone or as a mixture. As the inorganic salt, calcium carbonate, sodium chloride, various phosphates, or the like can be used. In addition, if necessary, a trace amount of heavy metal salts such as iron, manganese, zinc and cobalt can be added. Moreover, although the culture medium prepared with seawater is preferable, artificial seawater or 2-3 weight% salt solution may be sufficient.
[0015]
The culture method may be carried out in the same manner as a general microorganism metabolite production method, and may be solid culture or liquid culture, but liquid culture is more preferable. In the case of liquid culture, any of stirring culture, shaking culture, aeration culture, etc. may be carried out, but if cultured under substantially shaking conditions, the sulfate polysaccharide used in the present invention is selected in the culture. Generated and accumulated (see Japanese Patent Application 2000-265079). When foaming is severe, for example, vegetable oils such as soybean oil, higher alcohols such as octadecanol, various silicon compounds, etc. may be added as an antifoaming agent.
[0016]
The culture is usually performed at a pH of 6.0 to 8.0, preferably 6.5 to 7.5, and a temperature of 15 to 35 ° C, preferably 25 to 30 ° C. The culture time is selected so that the production of the polysaccharide used in the present invention reaches the maximum, but it is usually 48 to 144 hours, preferably 72 to 96 hours.
[0017]
The culture thus obtained contains the polysaccharide used in the present invention. In collecting the polysaccharide, WAK-APO is present outside the cells, so after removing the cells and other solid components in the culture in advance, conventional separation means such as solvent precipitation, ion exchange resin, etc. Separation and purification can be carried out by a method or an adsorption or distribution chromatography method, gel filtration method, dialysis, freeze-drying method and the like, which are usually used for recovering polysaccharides from impurities, alone or in combination.
[0018]
As an example, a solvent such as ethanol is added to the solution obtained by removing the solid content to precipitate the polysaccharide. The obtained polysaccharide is dissolved in water, and a quaternary ammonium salt such as cetyltrimethylammonium bromide solution is added thereto to precipitate the polysaccharide as a complex with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. The polysaccharide can be obtained by dissolving the precipitate in water containing sodium chloride and then precipitating with ethanol, dissolving the precipitate in water, dialysis and freeze-drying.
[0019]
The polysaccharide thus obtained is subjected to DEAE-cellulose ion exchange column chromatography, homogeneity analysis by electrophoresis, sugar composition analysis, sulfate group analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, etc. [See M. Matsuda et al. (1993) above].
[0020]
Using the obtained polysaccharide as a test sample, human myeloid leukemia cell U937 is used to conduct an apoptosis induction test by cell shape change and DNA fragmentation analysis.
[0021]
【Example】
The present invention will be specifically described below with reference examples and test examples, but the present invention is not limited to only the examples.
Reference Example A medium prepared from seawater having a composition of 0.5% peptone and 0.1% yeast extract was sterilized by autoclaving at 121 ° C. for 20 minutes as described in the literature [M. Matsuda et al .: 1992]. 1 platinum ear from a slant culture for preservation of Pseudomonas sp.WAK-1 (Pseudomonas sp. (10 mL) was inoculated and cultured with shaking at 28 ° C. for 72 hours. Subsequently, this preculture was inoculated into the above-mentioned sterilized medium (200 mL) supplemented with 3% sucrose in a 500 mL Erlenmeyer flask and cultured with shaking at 28 ° C. for 72 hours. After culturing, the culture end solution was centrifuged to add a double amount of ethanol to the supernatant from which the cells had been removed to obtain a white precipitate. The precipitate was collected, dissolved in water (200 mL), and 5% cetyltrimethylammonium bromide aqueous solution was gradually added until no new precipitate was formed to precipitate the polysaccharide as a complex with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. . The complex was washed with water to remove excess cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, and then the complex was dissolved in 4M aqueous sodium chloride solution (200 ml). To this solution, twice the amount of ethanol was added to precipitate the polysaccharide. The obtained precipitate was dissolved in water, dialyzed against water, and freeze-dried to obtain an acidic polysaccharide (about 0.1 g). To further purify the polysaccharide, DEAE was then dissolved in 100 mL of 0.01 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) and equilibrated with 0.01 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0). -Packed on a cellulose column (2.3 x 22.5 cm). After removing the fraction eluted with 0.6M sodium chloride in 0.01M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), the fraction eluted with 0.8M sodium chloride was collected, dialyzed, and then lyophilized to obtain polysaccharides. (53 mg) was obtained. For the polysaccharide thus obtained, the cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis method is used to confirm the homogeneity, and by sugar composition analysis, sulfate group content analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, etc., the structural formula (I) [See the above-mentioned M. Matsuda et al. (1993)].
[0022]
Next, in order to confirm the effect of the present invention on the WAK-APO obtained above, the following test was performed. When detecting the apoptosis-inducing action, it is necessary to clarify the difference from necrosis, which is cell necrosis. As described above, in the cells in which apoptosis is induced, the cells first shrink, the chromatin is condensed, and the condensed nucleus is fragmented. In addition, the microvilli on the cell surface disappear and become smooth, and the cell surface molecular marker responsible for the self-recognition mechanism is gradually lost. Furthermore, large and small protrusions appear on the cell surface and eventually fragment into apoptotic bodies. This apoptotic body is eventually removed by phagocytic cells such as macrophages in vivo.
[0023]
Therefore, focusing on these phenomena, WAK-APO was added to human myeloid leukemia cell U937, and after the reaction was completed, experiments were conducted using the following methods to detect whether apoptosis was induced. went.
[0024]
Test Example The apoptosis-inducing effect of WAK-APO obtained in the above Reference Example on human cultured cells was tested in a test tube. Human monocyte leukemia cells U937 were used as cultured cells. As the medium, RPMI containing 10% FBS was used. Pre-culture the cells, adjust the cells in the logarithmic phase to 3 x 105 cells / mL with medium, dispense 1 mL each into a 24-well culture plate, and add 10 μL of the sample solution to each final concentration. 10, 1, 0.1, 0.01 μg / mL was added and mixed. Culturing was performed at 37 ° C. and 5% carbon dioxide gas concentration, and after culturing for 24 hours, morphological changes of the cells in each well were photographed and observed, and DNA fragmentation analysis was performed by agarose electrophoresis.
[0025]
In the observation of morphological changes, those that have no morphological change are determined as (-), those that have morphological changes in many cells (+), and those that appear to be dead (++). In addition, in DNA fragmentation analysis, the case where no DNA ladder was observed was determined as (−), the case where DNA degradation was observed was determined as (+), and the case where DNA ladder was clearly observed was determined as (++). The test results are shown in Table 1.
[0026]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004991046
[0027]
As shown in Table 1, morphological changes and DNA fragmentation were not observed in the control, but in U937 cells treated with WAK-APO, cells characteristic of apoptosis at concentrations of 0.1 and 1 μg / mL Morphological changes were observed. Moreover, ladder-like migration images composed of DNA fragmented at concentrations of 0.1 and 1 μg / mL were observed, and DNA fragmentation, which is a feature of apoptosis, was observed.
[0028]
As shown by the above test results, it was confirmed that WAK-APO produced in this reference example had an apoptosis-inducing action.
[0029]
【Effect of the invention】
Since the polysaccharide WAK-APO described in the present invention exhibits an apoptosis-inducing action on human cultured cells, it is possible to control the cell cycle, such as pharmaceuticals such as malignant tumors, autoimmune diseases, inflammation, etc. Expected to be used as a therapeutic agent.

Claims (2)

有効成分が構造式(I)で示される化合物又はその塩類を、全容積基準で0.1μg/mL以上含むことを特徴とするアポトーシス誘導剤。
Figure 0004991046
An apoptosis-inducing agent, wherein the active ingredient contains a compound represented by the structural formula (I) or a salt thereof in an amount of 0.1 μg / mL or more based on the total volume.
Figure 0004991046
前記構造式(I)で示される化合物又はその塩類を、全容積基準で0.1μ/mL又は1μ/mLで含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載のアポトーシス誘導剤。The apoptosis-inducing agent according to claim 1, wherein the compound represented by the structural formula (I) or a salt thereof is contained at 0.1 µg / mL or 1 µg / mL based on the total volume.
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