JP4902626B2 - Jaw for unilateral external fixation system for trauma and orthopedics - Google Patents

Description

  The invention relates to a device for fixing a broken bone part from the outside according to the superordinate concept of claim 1.

  From the prior art, a device for fixing a broken bone part from the outside is known from EP 0011258 A1 (Patent Document 1) ORTHOFIX. This known invention includes a vertically long central body composed of two parts movable relative to each other in parallel to its own longitudinal axis, and a pressing / pulling device that engages both parts of the central body. Each part carries a clamping device for a nail or bone screw that can be inserted into a part of the bone. The clamping device is supported by a spherical universal joint or ball joint at the outer end of the movable part of the central body, so it rotates the nail or screw that can be inserted into the clamping device and the bone part in three degrees of freedom. it can. The disadvantage of this known invention is that the anti-slip capability of the once-fixed device is considerably reduced since the clamping device is fixed only by friction.

  Another device known from the prior art for fixing bones externally using a pin is disclosed in US Pat. No. 5,160,335 (WAT). This known invention includes a fixing rod, which may be telescopic, a clamping element for securing the bone pin, a coupling part with a curved mounting surface for the clamping element, and a clamping element And a clamp for fixing to the fixing rod together with the coupling portion. The coupling part is configured in such a way that the clamping element is pivotable in three degrees of freedom with respect to the clamp. A disadvantage of this invention is that the pivotable joints can be fixed to each other only by friction and three screws must be tightened to lock the clamping element.

European Patent Application Publication No. 0011258 A1 Specification US Pat. No. 5,160,335

  Accordingly, the present invention seeks to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks. It is an object of the present invention to allow a pivotable joint to be fixed due to its shape constraint, while allowing only two locking degrees to be releasably locked using a single fixing screw. It is.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems by an apparatus for fixing a broken bone portion from the outside, which has the structure of claim 1.
Other advantageous configurations of the invention are characterized in the dependent claims.

  In an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, the device comprises a jaw and three pivot elements arranged along the axis, in this case provided on the jaw and the upper pivot element. A bone screw or pin can be clamped between the clamping surfaces and the entire device can be fixed on the longitudinal coupling element. The upper rotating element is rotatable about a rotation axis extending in a direction transverse to the axis with respect to the intermediate rotating element, and as a rotating pivot part of the intermediate rotating element It can be fastened to the molded surface and can be fixed at a desired position. The lower rotating element can rotate around the axis with respect to the intermediate rotating element, and can be fastened to the second end surface of the intermediate rotating element, and can be fixed at a desired position. is there. Since the lower turning element is provided with a hole penetrating so as to extend laterally with respect to the axis, the lower turning element can thus move the entire device according to the invention and the axis of the hole. Can be pivoted around the coupling element and can be fixed in any position. The lower rotating element is fixed onto the coupling element by a single fixing screw that fastens and fixes the lower rotating element onto the coupling element. The rotation elements are fixed to each other by using another fixing screw, so that when the other fixing screw is tightened, the rotation elements are pressed against each other at their contact surfaces. These contact surfaces that are in contact with each other are knurled and pawled.

  Another embodiment of the device according to the invention differs from the above embodiment in that the axis of rotation is between the upper rotating element and the intermediate rotating element and is perpendicular to the axis on which the rotating element is arranged. It's just an extension.

  Another embodiment of the device according to the present invention differs from the above embodiment in that the hole enabling the placement of the lower turning element on the coupling element is the axis on which the turning element is arranged. It is just a point that extends perpendicular to.

  Another embodiment of the device according to the invention differs from the above embodiment in that the end face of the intermediate turning element in contact with the upper turning element and the lower turning element of the intermediate turning element It is only a point where the end surface in contact with is parallel.

  Furthermore, another embodiment of the device according to the invention differs from the above embodiment in that the fixing of the three rotating elements together with the clamping connection between the lower rotating element and the coupling element is a single fixing. It's just a point done with screws.

  Another embodiment of the device according to the present invention is different from the above embodiment in that only one fixing screw is provided on the lower rotating element so as to be positioned perpendicular to the axis by the screw head. It is only a point that can be screwed into a screw thread that is mounted on the surface of the circular arc-shaped enclosing member so as to correspond to the screw thread of the fixing screw. Absent.

  Another embodiment of the device according to the present invention differs from the above embodiment in that only one fixing element is supported by a screw head so as to be rotatably supported in the upper turning element. It is only a point that can be screwed onto a screw thread that is mounted on the mounting surface and is provided on the lower rotating element so as to correspond to the screw thread of the fixing screw.

  Another embodiment of the device according to the present invention differs from the above embodiment in that the lower rotating element is provided with a slit penetrating to the hole on one side, and the slit is made by the fixing screw and thus the hole. It is only a point that can be compressed. In this way, the lower rotating element can be clamped and fixed at a desired position on the coupling element.

  Further, another embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention differs from the above embodiment in that the tooth portion of the lower rotating element provided on the contact surface with the intermediate rotating element and the lower rotating element The tooth portion of the intermediate turning element provided on the contact surface is merely a point that is annular and concentric with the axis.

  Another embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention is different from the above embodiment in that the tooth portion of the intermediate turning element provided on the contact surface with the upper turning element is perpendicular to the axis. The teeth of the upper rotating element formed on the contact surface with the intermediate rotating element formed as an arc-shaped recess having a rotating axis are semicircular bulges having a rotating axis perpendicular to the axis. It is only a point formed as a protruding part.

  Another embodiment of the device according to the invention differs from the above embodiment in that the bone screw is pivoted independently of the pivoting element by means of a clamping element, preferably the jaw and the upper pivot. It is just a point that can be fixed between elements.

  Another embodiment of the device according to the invention differs from the above embodiment in that the clamping surface provided on the upper turning element is for partially receiving bone screws in its width direction. It only has parallel recesses, and the jaws are only provided with parallel recesses for partially receiving bone screws on the clamping surface side of the upper pivot element and in its width direction.

  Another embodiment of the device according to the present invention differs from the above embodiment in that the fixing screw is provided on both end surfaces with means for receiving a fixing screw tightening tool, for example, a hexagonal part, a screw. It is only a point provided with each means formed as a slit or a cross slit.

  The advantage achieved by the present invention is mainly that the device according to the present invention is a pivoting joint in which the jaw and the pivoting element for receiving the bone screw and coupling with the longitudinal coupling element can be fixed in a shape-constraint manner. It can be seen that it has a department. The pivoting pivot that is incorporated into the device by means of a fixing element is configured such that two rotational degrees of freedom or all three rotational degrees of freedom can be blocked with a single fixing screw.

Next, the present invention and other configurations of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings partially illustrating some embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a front view showing one embodiment of the device according to the invention together with a coupling element;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of one embodiment of the device according to the invention,
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the device according to the invention,
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the device according to the invention,
It is.

  FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a device 2 according to the invention that can be moved and fixed on a coupling element 1. This device 2 comprises three pivot elements 4; 5; 6, whereby the movement of the bone screw 3 clamped and fixed in the device 2 with three degrees of freedom of rotation relative to the coupling element 1 is achieved. It becomes possible. The rotating element 4 is configured so that the four bone screws 3 can be tightened. The bone screw 3 is clamped and fixed between the clamping surface 47 of the rotating element 4 and the jaw 35, and the jaw 35 is pressed against the rotating element 4 by the clamping screw 18.

  FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention. The pivoting elements 4; 5; 6 allow the movement of the device 2 having three rotational degrees of freedom. The rotating element 6 is made of a main body and has a hole 36 therethrough. The diameter of the hole 36 is such that the rotating element 6 can move on the coupling element 1 and can rotate. The pivoting element 6 provided on one side with a slit 37 penetrating to the hole 36 can be fastened and fixed on the coupling element 1 by a fixing screw 14 at a desired position on the coupling element 1. This detachable clamping connection allows the device 2 to rotate about the central axis 7 of the hole 36 provided in the pivoting element 6. The pivoting elements 4; 5; 6 of the device 2 are arranged perpendicular to the central axis 7 so that each one pivoting element 4; 5; 6 collides with the next pivoting element via the contact surface. ing. The pivoting element 5 can be rotated about the axis 38 with respect to the pivoting element 6, thereby allowing further rotational freedom of the device 2. The contact surfaces of the turning elements 5 and 6 are provided with tooth portions 11; The rotational axis of this rotational coupling of the rotational elements 5 and 6 coincides with the axis 38 of the rotational element 5. Since the contact surfaces of the rotating elements 4 and 5 are formed in an arc shape, a semicircular bulging portion 39 is attached to the rotating element 4, and the bulging portion 39 is an arc-shaped concave portion of the rotating element 5. 40 engages and allows rotational movement of the standard jaw with a third degree of freedom. Similarly, the contact surfaces of the rotating elements 4 and 5 are provided with tooth portions 9; Both tightening coupling parts 41; 42 are fixed by a single fixing element 13 formed as a fixing screw, and the head 44 of the fixing element 13 is supported by the rotating element 4 by an arcuate sealing member 43 and fixed. The screw shaft of the element 13 is screwed into the rotating element 6. The turning element 4 includes a parallel recess 45 in the width direction for partially receiving the bone screw 3 in a tightening surface 47 facing the bulging portion 39 relative to the axis 38. The bone screw 3 is inserted between the pivoting element 4 and a jaw 35 which is likewise provided with a parallel recess 46 and is clamped and fixed with the clamping screw 18. The head of the clamping screw 18 is placed on the jaw 35, and the clamping screw 18 is screwed into the rotating element 4. The jaw 35 has an opening 48, and the opening 48 is fixed even if the jaw 35 is screwed to the rotating element 4 and the bone screw 3 is fastened and fixed between the rotating element 4 and the jaw 35. 13 tightening is possible. Thereby, movement of the bone screw 3 which is firmly clamped and fixed relative to the coupling element 1 is possible with two rotational degrees of freedom by releasing one fixing element 13.

  The embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention shown in FIG. 3 differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 between the arc-shaped enclosing member 43 provided on the rotating element 4 and the rotating element 6. Only one fixing element 15, formed as a fixing screw, is mounted. The fixing element 15 extends along the axis 38. The screw head 49 is in the settling part 52 at the lower end 51. The screw thread 50 of the fixing screw 15 is screwed into the arc-shaped enclosing member 43. The fixing screw 15 fixes all three rotating elements 4; 5; When the fixing screw 15 is tightened, the slit 37 of the rotating element 6 is compressed, whereby the rotating element 6 is fixed to the coupling element 1. At the same time, when the fixing screw 15 is tightened, the rotation coupling portion 41 between the rotation elements 6 and 5 is blocked by the tooth portions 11 and 12 engaged with each other in a shape-constrained manner. The pivot joints 42 between the four are likewise blocked by the teeth 9 and 10 which are engaged in a shape-constrained manner.

  The embodiment of the device according to the invention shown in FIG. 4 differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 in that a fixing element 64 formed as a fixing screw is threaded 67 from the turning element 4 to the turning element 6. It is just a point to be screwed into. The screw head 68 of the fixing screw 64 is placed on an arcuate enclosing member 43 that is rotatably supported by the rotating element 4. The fixing screw 64 is provided at each end with means (65; 66) (here formed as hexagonal parts) used for receiving a tool for tightening the fixing screw, respectively, so that the pivoting element 4 Fastening can also be performed from the rotary element 6.

1 shows a front view of one embodiment of the device according to the invention together with a coupling element. 1 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of an apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the device according to the invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the device according to the invention.

Claims (16)

The coupling element (1) extending in the longitudinal direction can be fixed and includes a jaw (35), and an upper rotation element (4), an intermediate rotation element (5), and a lower rotation element (6). A device (2) for fixing a broken bone part from the outside, wherein the pivot element (4; 5; 6) is arranged along an axis (38) and the pivot element ( Two adjacent ones of 4; 5; 6) are in contact with each other, (a) between the jaw (35) and the clamping surface (47) of the upper turning element (4). At least two bone screws (3) or pins can be tightened;
(B) The upper turning element (4) is relatively rotatable about a rotation axis (60) extending in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the axis (38) with respect to the intermediate turning element (5). And can be fastened to the lateral first end face (61) of the intermediate pivot element (5) with respect to the axis (38),
(C) The lower rotating element (6) is relatively rotatable about the axis (38) with respect to the intermediate rotating element (5), and the intermediate rotating element (5) Can be tightened against the second end face (62) of the
(D) The lower rotating element (6) includes one through hole (36), and the through hole (36) extends in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the axis (38), and the lower rotating element ( 6) is movable on the coupling element (1) via the through hole (36) and rotates about the central axis (7) of the through hole (36) with respect to the coupling element (1). Is possible and
(E) In the device (2), the lower pivot element (6) is fixable to the coupling element (1);
(F) At least two of the rotating elements (4; 5; 6) are coupled in a shape-constrained manner with the two rotating elements (4; 5; 6) that are in contact with each other on contact surfaces that contact each other. Device with a toothing or serration (9; 10; 11; 12) for fixing the device to the coupling element and the fixing of the three pivot elements together using a single fixing screw .   The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the axis of rotation (60) extends in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the axis (38).   The device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the through hole (36) of the lower pivot element (6) extends in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the axis (38).   Device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the end faces (61; 62) of the intermediate pivot element (5) are parallel to each other.   Device according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the fixing screw (15; 64) is a clamping screw.   The single fixing screw (15) is mounted by the screw head (49) on a plane orthogonal to the axis (38), i.e. on the plane (52) of the lower pivoting element (6), and The arcuate sealing member (43) rotatably supported in the upper rotating element (4) can be screwed into a thread provided to correspond to the thread (50) of the fixing screw (15). The apparatus of claim 5.   The single fixing screw (64) is mounted on the screw head (68) on the mounting surface (63) of the arc-shaped enclosing member (43) rotatably supported in the upper rotating element (4). The fixing screw (64) can be screwed into a screw thread provided to correspond to a screw thread (67) of the fixing screw in the lower rotating element (6). The device described in 1.   The rotating element (6) is provided with a slit (37) extending to the through hole (36) on one side thereof, and by tightening the fixing screw (15; 16), the slit (37) and thus the through hole are formed. 6. The device according to claim 1, wherein (36) can also be compressed.   The tooth portion (12) provided on the contact surface of the lower rotating element (6) with the intermediate rotating element (5) is formed in an annular shape and concentric with the axis (38). The device according to claim 1.   The tooth portion (11) provided on the contact surface of the intermediate rotation element (5) with the lower rotation element (6) is formed in an annular shape and concentric with the axis (38). Apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 9.   The rotation in which the tooth portion (10) provided on the contact surface of the intermediate rotation element (5) with the upper rotation element (4) extends perpendicularly to the axis (38). Device according to one of the preceding claims, formed as an arcuate recess (40) with an axis (60).   A rotation axis (60) in which the tooth portion (9) provided on a contact surface of the upper rotation element (4) with the intermediate rotation element (5) extends in a direction perpendicular to the axis (38). 12. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, formed as a semi-circular bulge (39) comprising:   The bone screw (3) can be fixed between the jaw (35) and the upper rotating element (4) by means of a clamping screw (18) independent of the fixing of the rotating element (4; 5; 6). The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein   The clamping surface (47) provided on the upper pivoting element (4) comprises parallel recesses (45) for partially receiving the bone screw (3) in its width direction. The apparatus in any one of 13 thru | or 13.   The jaw (35) has a parallel recess (46) for partially receiving the bone screw (3) on the clamping surface (47) side of the upper turning element (4) and in its width direction. The apparatus according to claim 1, comprising:   The fixing screw (64) formed as the clamping screw is provided with tool mounting means (65; 66) on both end faces thereof, and the means (65; 66) is used for loosening or tightening the clamping screw. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 15, which is a receiving means.

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