JP4894892B2 - Locking device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a locking device that is installed and used in a door of a house, an automobile, a safe, a storage, or the like.

  Conventionally, various locking devices of this type have been proposed and marketed. For example, in Patent Document 1, a pager that can be accessed via a public wireless communication line and an operation mechanism that locks or unlocks a lock by an output from the pager are used to call the pager and to obtain a required ID for the pager. By constructing a door open / close system with a remote control at low cost by using the function of an existing pager as it is as a lock open / close means by locking the lock by operating the operating mechanism by transmitting information A lock control system and the like that can be used are described.

  Patent Document 2 discloses an identification data protection method in which identification data used for ID confirmation is frequently changed to make security device breaking meaningless by eavesdropping and duplication of the identification data, thereby protecting the identification data from eavesdropping. Is described.

  In Patent Document 3, the control of the members in the locking mechanism to be given as a result of the confirmation of the electronic code given from the key is advantageously arranged with respect to its space and cost requirements, and there are as few changes to the actual locking mechanism as possible A novel electromechanical cylinder lock is described.

  In Patent Document 4, the mechanical unlocking information and the electronic lock are temporally connected with each other in order to solve the problem that the mechanical unlocking information such as Patent Document 3 and the like are not linked. A digital locking device is described in which both a mechanical lock and an electric lock must be opened within a limited waiting time. This digital locking device has a mechanical lock that is unlocked when the general key mountain shape matches, and an electric type that is unlocked by discriminating the combination of time information and digital code by infrared rays or radio waves. A lock is provided.

  Patent Document 5 describes a vehicle remote control device that realizes reduction in material cost, assembly cost, and maintenance labor by integrating an immobilizer function and a keyless entry function into a key. Yes.

JP 2000-303729 A Japanese Patent No. 3249571 JP 11-315653 A Japanese Patent No. 3391784 Japanese Patent No. 3256666

  However, in the above conventional technique, a plurality of keys must be used when locking or unlocking a plurality of different locks. For example, in Patent Document 4, there are combinations of multiple digits in the concavo-convex shape carved in the key, and since there is a mechanical lock for determining unlocking based on the combination, it is necessary to manufacture a key for each mechanical lock.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the lock unlocking code (lock code and key code) of the lock is made common and assigned to a plurality of different locks without assigning them to different locks. It is an object of the present invention to provide a locking device capable of locking or unlocking a plurality of different locks with the same key even if a code for locking and unlocking is assigned.

  The locking device according to the first aspect of the present invention for solving the above problems includes a locking / unlocking means for locking and unlocking, a lock-side storage means for storing a unique lock code and a key code, and a lock side for transmitting a lock code. A lock-side receiving means for receiving a key code, and transmitting the lock code stored in the lock-side storage means via the lock-side transmitting means, and then receiving the lock-side code received by the lock-side receiving means When the key code matches the key code stored in the lock-side storage means, the lock that allows the lock / unlock means to be locked or unlocked, and the lock code stored in at least one lock-side storage means And a key-side storage means for storing the key code in association with each other, a key-side receiving means for receiving the lock code, and a key-side transmitting means for transmitting the key code, wherein the lock code received by the key-side receiving means is Key memory A key that reads out the key code associated with the received lock code from the key-side storage means and transmits the key code via the key-side transmission means. Has a key hole for inserting a part of the key, and the lock side light transmitting element and the lock side light receiving element are provided in the key hole as the lock side transmitting means and the lock side receiving means, respectively. A part of the key inserted into the keyhole includes a key side light receiving element and a key side light emitting element as the key side receiving means and the key side transmitting means, respectively. Measuring means for measuring a phase difference between light received directly from the key-side light emitting element and light received after being reflected in the key hole in a state inserted into the key hole, and the measuring means using a regular key in advance Phase measured by A phase difference storage means for storing the key, and comparing the phase difference measured by the measurement means with the phase difference stored in the phase difference storage means, To do.

  According to this invention, the lock code transmitted from the lock matches the lock code stored in the key storage means, and the key code transmitted from the key matches the key code stored in the lock storage means. Only in some cases, locking or unlocking of the locking / unlocking means is permitted, so that security can be enhanced. Further, by storing the unique (another) lock code and key code in the lock side storage means of the other lock, and storing these lock code and key code in association with each other in the key side storage means of the same key, The same key can be used to lock or unlock different locks. Furthermore, since the key code or the like is transmitted and received between the key and the lock with an optical signal in a state where a part of the key is inserted into the key hole of the lock, the confidentiality of the key code or the like can be enhanced. In addition, since light is transmitted and received, noise is less likely to be generated than in a configuration using electricity, and communication reliability can be improved. Furthermore, by using a different combination of the optical path for receiving light directly from the key-side light emitting element and the optical path for receiving light after being reflected in the keyhole, the physical combination can be used for key verification. Security can be further enhanced.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the locking device according to the first aspect, at least the surface material of the key is ceramic. According to the present invention, the mechanical strength is excellent, there is no problem of rust generation and corrosion, and the cutting process is not easy compared to metals such as iron and copper, so that the key shape is difficult to replicate. There is. Further, the surface of the key becomes an insulator, and an electric circuit can be directly formed on the surface.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the locking device according to the first or second aspect, the key-side storage unit and the lock-side storage unit are rewritable semiconductor memories. According to the present invention, when the key is lost, only a new key is prepared, the previous lock code and the new key code are stored according to the key side storage means, and stored in the lock side storage means of the lock. By rewriting the existing key code with the new key code, the previous lock can be used as a new lock. In addition, even if another lock is provided later, a lock code and a key code specific to the lock side storage means of the other lock are stored, and the key side of the hand-held key is associated with the lock code and the key code. By storing in the storage means, it is possible to perform locking or unlocking of a later lock with the same key on hand.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the locking device according to the third aspect, the semiconductor memory of the key-side storage means is detachable. According to the present invention, the contents stored in the key side storage means can be easily rewritten using a personal computer or the like. Also, if the semiconductor memory of the key-side storage means is removed from the key and managed separately, even if the key is lost, it cannot be unlocked or locked with the key, which may cause security problems. There is no.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the locking device according to the first aspect, the key includes a key-side electrode in a part of the key, and the lock has a case where a part of the key is inserted into its own keyhole. A lock-side electrode that is electrically connected to the key-side electrode and a power supply unit that supplies power to the key via the lock-side electrode. According to this invention, since it is not necessary to provide a battery for the key, the key can be reduced in size.

  According to the present invention, codes for locking and unlocking locks (locking codes and key codes) are shared and assigned to a plurality of different locks without assigning them to different locks. However, it is possible to lock or unlock a plurality of different locks with the same key.

It is explanatory drawing of the mechanical collation of the key in the locking device of Embodiment 2 by this invention. It is a block diagram of the locking device of Reference Example 1. It is a perspective view of the locking device. It is explanatory drawing of the electrical connection of the key and lock before the locking device. It is explanatory drawing of the optical connection of the key and lock before the locking device. It is an operation | movement flowchart of the locking device. It is explanatory drawing of the mechanical collation of the key in the locking device of the reference example 2. It is explanatory drawing of the memory card used for the key in the locking device of Embodiment 1 by this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the electrical connection of the key and lock in the locking device of Embodiment 3 by this invention.

(Reference Example 1)
2 is a block diagram of the locking device of Reference Example 1, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the locking device, FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the electrical connection between the key and the lock in the locking device, and FIG. 5 is the key in the locking device. FIG. 6 is an operation flow chart of the locking device.

  The locking device of Reference Example 1 is used by being installed on a door of a house, an automobile, a safe, a storage, or the like, for example, and includes a key 1 and a lock 2 as shown in FIG. .

  2, 4, and 5, the key 1 includes a key body 10 and a cover 13, a pair of terminals T <b> 10, a plurality (8 in the figure) terminals T <b> 11, a memory card 14, and the like. The key body 10 includes a light receiving element 15, a light emitting element 16, and a microcomputer 17. The light receiving element 15, the light emitting element 16, and the microcomputer 17 are protected by a sealing resin such as an epoxy resin.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the key body 10 is formed in a shape integrally including a flat knob 11 and a flat insert 12 extending from a part of the one side wall. Then, on one surface side of the knob portion 11, a recess 110 is formed that opens to one surface side and another surface side that is orthogonal to this and does not have the insertion portion 12. On the other hand, an H-shaped groove 120 that communicates with the recess 110 and extends to the distal end of the insertion portion 12 is formed on one surface side of the insertion portion 12, and on the back surface side of the insertion portion 12 from the knob portion 11 side. An I-shaped groove 121 extending at the tip is formed. Due to these grooves 120 and 121, the insertion portion 12 has a shape with irregularities.

  Here, at least the surface material of the key body 10 is ceramic. In Reference Example 1, a key body 10 having an uneven portion is integrally formed by powder injection molding using a powder resin material mainly composed of ceramics such as alumina and zirconia, and is degreased and sintered to form a substrate. To be. Subsequently, an electric circuit is directly formed on the surface of the key body 10 by using a MID (Molded Interconnect Device) method such as a thin film removal method using a laser.

  The cover 13 is formed in a flat plate shape that closes a part of the recess 110 and the groove 120 of the key body 10 with resin, for example. Further, the cover 13 has a light-transmitting property in the vicinity of a light receiving element 15 and a light emitting element 16 to be described later so as not to interfere with transmission / reception of light.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the pair of terminals T <b> 10 is disposed in the groove 120 at the distal end of the insertion portion 12. The plurality of terminals T <b> 11 are arranged on the side facing the other surface side in the recess 110 of the knob 11.

  The memory card 14 stores a lock code and a key code stored in a memory card 24 (described later) of at least one lock 2 in association with each other, and is configured by a readable / writable nonvolatile semiconductor memory such as a flash memory, for example. The key body 10 is provided in the recess 110 and connected to the plurality of terminals T11.

  The light receiving element 15 is for receiving the lock code from the lock 2 as an optical signal, and is disposed between the body 120a of the groove 120 and the one terminal T10 in the groove 120 of the insertion portion 12. .

  The light emitting element 16 is for transmitting a key code to the lock 2 as an optical signal, and is disposed between the body portion 120a of the groove 120 and the other terminal T10 in the groove 120 of the insertion portion 12.

  The microcomputer 17 includes a storage element, an arithmetic element, and the like. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the microcomputer 17 has a pair of terminals T10, a memory card 14, and a plurality of leads wired in the recess 110 and the groove 120. The light receiving element 15 and the light emitting element 16 are electrically connected, and a process for locking or unlocking the lock 2 is executed.

  Here, in the key 1 of the reference example 1, when the insertion portion 12 side is inserted into the keyhole of the lock 2, the pair of terminals T10 are electrically connected to the lock 2, and the lock 2 is connected via the pair of terminals T10. It is designed to operate with power supplied. For this reason, the microcomputer 17 operates when the insertion portion 12 is inserted into the keyhole. When the lock code is received by the light receiving element 15, the microcomputer 17 determines whether or not the lock code matches the lock code stored in the memory card 14. If they match and match, the key code associated with the received lock code is read from the memory card 14 and transmitted through the light receiving element 15.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the lock 2 locks or unlocks the door 3 according to the rotation of the regular key 1 inserted into the key hole 20 of the lock 2. The unlocking unit 21, a pair of terminals T20, a resistance measuring instrument 22, a power source 23, a memory card 24, a light emitting element 25, a light receiving element 26, and a microcomputer 27 are provided.

  The locking / unlocking portion 21 is generally called a cylinder lock, and has a double structure of a fixed outer cylinder and a rotating inner cylinder having a key hole 20 at the center. In the example of FIG. 3, the locking / unlocking portion 21 includes a rectangular metal advance / retreat portion 210 embedded in the side portion of the door 3 and an electric rotation stopper (not shown) for locking the advance / retreat. The key 1 inserted into the key hole 20 of the lock 2 can be rotated when the rotation stopper is unlocked. By rotating the key 1, the advance / retreat unit 210 is a frame portion (not shown). The door is advanced by being locked into the hole, or is retracted from the hole in the frame portion and unlocked. The unlocking of the rotation stopper is performed by removing the tumbler pin when it matches with the verification of the key code to be described later. When the tumbler pin is removed, the inner cylinder becomes rotatable.

  The pair of terminals T20 are provided in the keyhole 20 of the lock 2, and in a state where the insertion portion 12 of the key 1 is inserted into the keyhole 20, as shown in FIG. Are connected to each other.

  The resistance measuring instrument 22 has an insulation resistance between two different points in the insertion portion 12 of the key 1 via the pair of contacts T22 in a state where the insertion portion 12 of the key 1 is inserted into the key hole 20 of the lock 2. The value is measured. Since the value of such an insulation resistance changes if the separation error between the pair of contacts T22 or the material constituting the insertion portion 12 of the key 1 changes, it can be used for mechanical verification of the key 1. .

  The power source 23 is a DC power source or the like that obtains DC power by rectifying and smoothing a battery or a commercial power source. As shown in FIG. 2, the power source 23 supplies power to each part of the lock 2, and the insertion portion 12 of the key 1 In the state inserted in the key hole 20 of the lock 2, power is supplied to the key 1 through the pair of terminals T20 and the pair of terminals T10. The power source 23 is not limited to a battery or a DC power source, and may be configured to include a solar cell panel and a battery circuit.

  The memory card 24 stores a unique lock code and key code, and the insertion part 12 of the regular key 1 storing the lock code and key code in the memory card 14 is inserted into the key hole 20 of the lock 2. In this state, the resistance value measured in advance by the resistance measuring device 22 is stored, and is constituted by a readable / writable nonvolatile semiconductor memory such as a flash memory. In FIG. 3, the memory card 24 is embedded in the side portion of the door 3 (removably).

  The light emitting element 25 is for transmitting the lock code stored in the memory card 24 as an optical signal, and is shown in FIG. 5 in a state where the insertion portion 12 of the key 1 is inserted into the key hole 20 of the lock 2. As described above, the light receiving element 15 of the key 1 is arranged to face the light receiving element 15.

  The light receiving element 26 is for receiving a key code from the key 1 as an optical signal, and the light emitting element 16 of the key 1 in a state where the insertion portion 12 of the key 1 is inserted into the key hole 20 of the lock 2. Are arranged opposite to each other.

  The microcomputer 27 includes a storage element and an arithmetic element, and is electrically connected to a pair of terminals T20, a resistance measuring device 22, a memory card 24, a light emitting element 25, and a light receiving element 26 as shown in FIGS. And performs processing for locking or unlocking.

  For example, if the resistance value obtained from the resistance measuring device 22 falls within a predetermined range including the resistance value stored in the memory card 24, the lock code stored in the memory card 24 is read out via the light emitting element 25. The transmission process is executed.

  Further, after transmitting the lock code, it is checked whether or not the key code received by the light receiving element 26 matches the key code stored in the memory card 24. If they match, the rotation stopper of the lock / unlock portion 21 is checked. Processing for releasing the lock is executed.

  Further, the resistance value obtained from the resistance measuring device 22 does not fall within a predetermined range including the resistance value stored in the memory card 24, and the key code received by the light receiving element 26 is stored in the memory card 24. If it does not match the key code, a process of issuing an alarm through alarm means (not shown) is executed.

  Here, the key body 10 of the key 1 and the portion of the keyhole 20 of the lock 2 corresponding to the insertion portion 12 will be supplementarily described. The key body 10 is manufactured by the injection molding method as described above, but the keyhole 20 is also manufactured by the injection molding method. Then, a three-dimensional metallized circuit is formed on the surface, and a three-dimensional molded circuit component called MID is mounted. There are various known methods such as one-time molding method and two-time molding method for MID. In particular, the one-time molding method in which a metal thin film is deposited and sputtered on a substrate and then the thin film is removed using a laser to form a circuit. Suitable for the structure of Example 1. The substrate material may be a ceramic substrate, a substrate in which an insulating layer is coated on a metal body, or a resin containing a filler or the like.

  To supplement the lock code and key code, each of them is composed of a unique original code that is given at the time of manufacture and cannot be changed by the user, and a personal identification code that is set and registered by the user. The original code constituting the key code is stored in a storage element (nonvolatile semiconductor memory) in the microcomputer 17 of the key 1. For example, when the password is set and registered by the user at the time of construction, the original code is stored in the microcomputer 17. The key code is created by adding the original code read from the storage element and stored in the memory cards 14 and 24. The original code constituting the lock code is stored in a storage element (nonvolatile semiconductor memory) in the microcomputer 27 of the lock 2 and, for example, when the password is set and registered by the user during construction, The lock code is created by adding the original code read from the storage element and stored in the memory cards 24 and 14. If the unique original code is stored, each lock code and key code can always be a unique code, and a product history can be kept. Moreover, it is possible to comply with ubiquitous. Further, the memory cards 14 and 24 are manufactured in large quantities according to the same standard. Thereby, a unit price can be lowered.

  In addition, a unique original code constituting each of the lock code and the key code is stored in the storage element in the microcomputer 27 of the lock 2 and the lock code and the key code obtained from both the original codes are stored in the memory card 14, 24 may be stored. In this case, a unique lock code can be assigned to each of a plurality of different locks, and a unique key code can be assigned.

  Next, the operation of the locking device of Reference Example 1 will be described. When the insertion portion 12 of the key 1 is inserted into the key hole 20 of the lock 2 (S1), each terminal T10 of the key 1 and each terminal T20 of the lock 2 are electrically connected, and the key 1 supplies power from the lock 2 Receive and operate.

  On the other hand, in the lock 2, the value of the insulation resistance between the two points in the insertion portion 12 of the key 1 is measured by the pair of contacts T22. If the measured resistance value does not fall within a predetermined range including the resistance value stored in the memory card 24 (NO in S2), an alarm is issued (S3). On the other hand, if it falls within the predetermined range (YES in S2), the lock code stored in the memory card 24 is read and transmitted via the light emitting element 25 (S4).

  In the key 1, when the lock code is received by the light receiving element 15 (S5), it is verified whether the lock code matches the lock code stored in the memory card 14 (S6). If they match, the key code associated with the lock code is read from the memory card 14 and transmitted via the light receiving element 15 (S7).

  When the key code is received by the light receiving element 26 in the lock 2 (S8), it is verified whether or not the key code matches the key code stored in the memory card 24 (S9). If they do not match (NO in S9), an alarm is issued (S3), and if they match (YES in S9), the lock of the rotation stopper of the unlocking part 21 is released (S10). As a result, the key 1 inserted into the key hole 20 of the lock 2 can be rotated. By rotating the key 1, the advancing / retracting portion 210 is advanced into the hole of the frame portion, or the frame 1 is locked. Unlocking can be performed by retracting from the hole in the part. After this, or after removing the key 1 from the key hole 20 of the lock 2, the rotation stopper of the locking / unlocking portion 21 is locked.

  According to Reference Example 1, the lock code transmitted from the lock 2 matches the lock code stored in the memory card 14, and the key code transmitted from the key 1 matches the key code stored in the memory card 24. Only in this case, the locking or unlocking of the locking / unlocking portion 21 is permitted, so that security can be enhanced. Further, by storing the unique lock code and key code in the memory card 24 of the other lock 2 and storing these lock codes and key codes in the memory card 14 of the same key 1 in association with each other, the same key 1 Thus, a plurality of different locks 2 can be locked or unlocked.

  Further, since the key code or the like is transmitted / received as an optical signal between the key 1 and the lock 2 with the insertion portion 12 of the key 1 inserted into the key hole 20 of the lock 2, the confidentiality of the key code or the like is enhanced. be able to.

  In addition, since the key 1 has at least a ceramic surface material, it has excellent mechanical strength, no rusting or corrosion problems, and it is not easy to cut compared to metals such as iron and copper. There is an advantage that it is difficult to replicate automatically. Further, the surface of the key 1 becomes an insulator, and an electric circuit can be directly formed on the surface. The manufacturing method of the key 1 may use sintered ceramic or aluminum after powder injection molding. When aluminum is used, the alumite treatment may be performed and the surface side portion may be formed of a ceramic material. .

  Further, since the memory cards 14 and 24 are rewritable semiconductor memories, if the key 1 is lost, only a new key 1 is prepared, and the previous lock code and the new key code of the memory card 14 of this key 1 are prepared. And rewriting the key code stored in the memory card 24 of the lock 2 with the new key code, the previous lock 2 can be used as a new lock. Even if another lock 2 is provided as a retrofit, the lock code and the key code unique to the memory card 24 of the other lock 2 are stored, and the lock code and the key code are associated with each other to store the key 1 on hand. By storing the data in the memory card 14, the lock 2 can be locked or unlocked with the same key 1 on hand.

  Further, the key 1 includes a pair of terminals T10 in the insertion portion 12, while the lock 2 is electrically connected to the pair of terminals T10 when the insertion portion 12 of the key 1 is inserted into its own key hole 20. Terminal T20 and a power source 23 for supplying power to the key 1 through these terminals T20, it is not necessary to provide a battery in the key 1, and the key 1 can be miniaturized.

(Reference Example 2)
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the mechanical verification of the key in the locking device of Reference Example 2.

  The locking device of the reference example 2 is different from the reference example 1 in that the elastic change amount (rate) of the key 1 which is different depending on the material, etc., not the value of the insulation resistance between two different points in the insertion portion 12 of the key 1. By checking, the key 1 is mechanically verified.

  In Reference Example 2, instead of the resistance measuring instrument 22, as shown in FIG. 7, a load is applied to the insertion portion 12 of the key 1 from one surface side by a load application pin 281, and the back surface side is provided with two support pins. And a measuring unit that measures the amount of elastic deformation of the key 1 when a load is applied by the load unit using the displacement detection electrode pin 283 located between the two support pins 282. The And when the insertion part 12 of the key 1 is inserted in the key hole 20 of the lock 2, it sets so that the clearance gap between the insertion part 12 and the displacement amount detection electrode pin 283 may be 35-40 micrometers. Moreover, as a displacement amount detection electrode pin, it is possible to use various distance meters regardless of contact non-contact.

  Next, the operation of the locking device of Reference Example 2 will be described. When the insertion portion 12 of the key 1 is inserted into the key hole 20 of the lock 2, the microcomputer 27 inserts the key 1 into the key hole 20 by electrically connecting each terminal T10 of the key 1 and each terminal T20 of the lock 2. After confirming this, a constant pressure load is applied to the insertion portion 12 of the key 1 by the load application pin 281 through the load portion. Then, when the microcomputer 27 receives a measurement result from the measurement unit in which the displacement detection electrode pin 283 is not electrically connected to the conductive part of the insertion unit 12, the microcomputer 27 determines that the key 1 is mechanically a regular key. When the electrically connected measurement result is received, it is determined that the key 1 is not mechanically a regular key. In this case, since the displacement amount detection electrode pin 283 is pushed, an alarm (for example, an alarm sound) can be easily issued if the alarm switch of the alarm means described above is provided in the pushing direction. Other operations are the same as those in Reference Example 1.

  Thus, by providing the lock 2 with a load portion that applies a load to the key 1 and a measurement portion that measures the amount of elastic deformation of the key 1 when a load is applied at the load portion, another physical quantity (electrical resistance) Etc.), the key can be easily identified. The same determination can be made using a displacement sensor or the like.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a memory card used as a key in the locking device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the locking device according to the first embodiment is characterized in that the memory card 14 is configured by an SD card, for example, and is detachable from the recess 110 of the key body 10. The memory card 14 mounted in the recess 110 is electrically connected to a plurality of terminals T11 formed by the MID method at a plurality of protrusions in FIG. Connected.

  As a result, the contents stored in the memory card 14 can be easily rewritten using a personal computer or the like, and can also be used for a mobile phone or the like, and can be managed separately. For example, if the memory card 14 is removed from the key 1 and managed separately, even if the key 1 is lost, the lock 1 cannot be unlocked or locked with the key 1, which causes a security problem. There is no.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of the mechanical verification of a key in the locking device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. However, FIG.1 (b), (c) is sectional drawing of the location corresponding to the AA line of Fig.1 (a).

  In the locking device of the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the lock 2 reflects light received directly from the light emitting element 16 in the keyhole 20 with the insertion portion 12 of the key 1 inserted into the keyhole 20. A measurement unit (not shown) for measuring the phase difference with the light received from the light, and storing the phase difference measured by the measurement unit in advance using the regular key 1 in the memory card 24, and measuring in actual use The key 1 is collated by comparing the phase difference measured by the unit with the phase difference stored in the memory card 24.

  If the phase difference measured by the measuring unit falls within a predetermined range including the phase difference stored in the memory card 24, the microcomputer 27 determines that the key 1 is a regular key, while being within the predetermined range. Otherwise, it is determined that the key 1 is not a regular key. The phase difference can be recognized digitally or analogly. In FIG. 1, B is a sealing resin.

  Thus, the physical combination is made by changing the combination of the optical path L1 in the case of directly receiving the light from the light emitting element 16 and the optical path (refractive optical path) L2 in the case of receiving the light after being reflected in the keyhole 20. Can be used for verification of the key 1, so that security can be further enhanced.

  The light receiving element 26 is preferably provided with two light receiving elements for light reception for the optical path L1 and for light reception for the optical path L2, but the number of the light emitting elements 16 may be one. The same effect can be obtained without using a plurality of combinations.

(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of electrical connection between the key and the lock in the locking device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the locking device of the third embodiment is different from the second embodiment in the arrangement positions of the pair of terminals T10 and the pair of terminals T20. Even with such a structure, it is possible to supply power to the key 1 from the power source 23 of the lock 2. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a battery for the key 1, and the key 1 can be miniaturized. In addition, the pair of terminals T20 are made of a conductive elastomer or the like having a low elastic modulus, so that reliable power supply is possible.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Key 14 Memory card 15 Light receiving element 16 Light emitting element 17 Microcomputer 2 Lock 21 Locking / unlocking part 23 Power supply 24 Memory card 25 Light emitting element 26 Light receiving element 27 Microcomputer

Claims (5)

A lock side unlocking means for locking and unlocking, a lock side storage means for storing a unique lock code and a key code, a lock side transmission means for transmitting the lock code, and a lock side receiving means for receiving the key code. When the lock code stored in the lock side storage means is transmitted via the side transmission means and then the key code received by the lock side reception means matches the key code stored in the lock side storage means A lock that permits the locking or unlocking of the locking and unlocking means; and
A key-side storage means for storing a lock code and a key code stored in association with at least one lock-side storage means; a key-side reception means for receiving the lock code; and a key-side transmission means for transmitting the key code. And when the lock code received by the key-side receiving means matches the lock code stored in the key-side storage means, the key code associated with the received lock code is sent from the key-side storage means. A key to read and transmit via the key side transmission means,
The lock has a keyhole for inserting a part of the key, and a lock side light emitting element and a lock side light receiving element are provided in the key hole as the lock side transmission means and the lock side reception means, respectively.
The key includes a key side light receiving element and a key side light emitting element as the key side receiving means and the key side transmitting means, respectively, in a part of the key inserted into the key hole,
The lock includes a measuring unit that measures a phase difference between light directly received from the key-side light emitting element and light received after being reflected in the keyhole in a state where a part of the key is inserted into the keyhole. A phase difference storage means for storing the phase difference measured by the measurement means in advance using a regular key, and the phase difference measured by the measurement means and the phase difference stored in the phase difference storage means By comparing the key and the key.   The locking device according to claim 1, wherein at least the surface material of the key is ceramic.   3. The locking device according to claim 1, wherein the key side storage unit and the lock side storage unit are rewritable semiconductor memories.   4. The locking device according to claim 3, wherein the semiconductor memory of the key side storage means is detachable.   The key includes a key-side electrode in a part of the key, and the lock includes a lock-side electrode that is electrically connected to the key-side electrode when the part of the key is inserted into its own keyhole. The locking device according to claim 1, further comprising power supply means for supplying power to the key via a side electrode.

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