JP4883819B1 - Hospital infection prevention ward - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To completely eliminate nosocomial infection in a ward, it is necessary to separate the ward from the outpatient ward, and to sterilize people and objects entering and leaving the ward at the entrance.
A hospital ward for preventing hospital infection according to the present invention includes a hall (1), a meeting room (2), a kitchen (3), a waste disposal room (4), an operating room (5), a washroom (6), It is equipped with a hospital room (7), examination room (8) and air conditioner (9). The hall communicates with the outside through the entrance (11), and includes entrances (12 to 16) for visitors, hospitalized patients, medical personnel, kitchen / cleaning personnel, and examinees. The entrance / exit of the visitor leads to the visitor room, and the entrances / exits of the inpatient, the medical staff, the kitchen / cleaning staff, and the examinee communicate with the whole body sterilization room. The whole body sterilization room for the hospitalized patient and medical personnel communicates with the operating room, the washroom, and the hospital room, and the whole body sterilization room for the kitchen / cleaning personnel communicates with the kitchen and the waste disposal room. At least an operating room, a washroom, and a hospital room are provided with mist outlets for hypoxia.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a hospital ward prevention ward which is completely separated from an outpatient ward to prevent bacteria from entering the ward.

Conventionally, there has been disclosed an air conditioner with a humidifier that utilizes the bactericidal effect of hypochlorous acid water to suppress the effects of germs that propagate on the elements of the humidifier, and to provide humidification that is healthy and safe for the user. (Patent Document 1).
There is also a sterilization and deodorization ultrasonic humidifier that eliminates the propagation of other bacteria such as Legionella by using hypochlorous acid water with a sterilization and deodorization effect as water for the ultrasonic humidifier ( Patent Document 2).

  It is often reported to the media that drug-resistant bacteria are spreading not only in hospital infections but also in the general public. The idea that the introduction of antibiotics, starting with penicillin, will become a trump card for the prevention and treatment of bacterial infections is already a thing of the past, and it is meaningless to develop new drugs for pharmaceutical companies around the world. There is a situation where development is almost discontinued.

  As a common sense among researchers, antibiotics are derived from bacteria in the soil, equivalent to the cocoon used for their survival competition. On the other hand, drug resistance is a shield as a defense means against it, and the genetic information that currently controls these resistances is transferred from soil bacteria to bacteria by carrying carriers (DNA fragments) such as plasmids and transposons. In the end, it has moved to bacteria in the intestinal tract of human beings and edible animals (E. coli is a typical presence).

  Although there are regional differences around the world, the frequency of detection of resistant bacteria varies greatly depending on the cleanliness of the general public and the differences in antibiotic sales regulations. However, reports from the United States and Canada mainly show that the same resistant bacteria can be found by testing for E. coli in feces due to contact transmission through the fingers, such as family transmission, geriatric health facilities, and childcare centers. It has been found that almost everyone can detect it.

  In addition, it has been repeatedly reported over 30 years ago that resistant E. coli that has spread in the region of humans who have traveled in areas with many resistant bacteria has moved into the intestinal tract of travelers.

  In addition, when feeding edible animals, when antibiotics are given, the bacteria in the intestine are reduced, and the nutrients consumed by the bacteria are absorbed from the intestines to accelerate the growth of the animals. Developed by the manufacturer and fed by the breeder in the feed. As a result, it has been found that there are many cases in which resistant bacteria increase in the intestinal tract of animals, and the contaminated bacteria are detected from edible meat sold in the market (reported to be particularly high in chickens). Even legislation has been created that bans animals from certain types of antibiotics.

  Once a strain has acquired resistance, there are other types of resistance factors on the same plasmid. Therefore, even if the use of one type of drug is restricted, another type of drug is still selected. There is a report that it does not decrease at all even after many years because it continues (Co-resistance joint resistance).

  In addition to the problem of drug resistance of nosocomial infections that has been emphasized in the past, this mechanism has increased the number of resistant bacteria in the general society, and exchange of resistant bacteria between hospitals and the general public. Has become a big problem.

Currently, only carbapeem drugs have antibacterial activity against these resistant bacteria, but there are also frequent warnings that the number of carbapenem-resistant bacteria that have transmissibility will gradually increase. .

  Currently, the strains that are considered as drug-resistant bacteria include MRSA (methicillin-resistant staphylococci) belonging to the Gram-positive bacteria group, VRSA that has become resistant to the specific drug vancomycin, and vancomycin-resistant enterococci, etc. Bacteria group detected as falling bacteria in the air, multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, multidrug-resistant enterobacterial group (such as Escherichia coli and Serratia that brought up the newspapers of temporary newspapers), floors, and inhabited areas It is roughly divided into two types of gram-negative bacteria. Since these have different patterns of propagation, it is necessary to use both air sterilization (by mist) and a method of cleaning and sterilizing floor surfaces (especially toilets and filth disposal plants).

  Contact infection through the fingers is seen in both groups of bacteria. In medical facilities, a method in which a disinfectant dissolved in alcohol is sprayed on the hand and rubbed together is done, but this method should not be done in the general society, removing the protective film on the skin, Experts have warned that it is undesirable to roughen the surface of the hand.

  In the booklet “Recent Strikes Back” published by a bacteriologist in the United States in recent years (in Japan, it is strangely the same name as a book published by Prof. Masanosuke Yoshikawa at the University of Tokyo). It is written that the only bactericidal substances that can be relied upon are alcohol and hypochlorous acid.

  However, alcohol is not generally used everywhere. Hypochlorous acid is a 3% soda salt that is used for various disinfections, but it is highly alkaline to the human body, and diluted to about 200ppm is approved for use on intact skin and mucous membranes. There is only. Hypochlorous acid is not generally used because it is dangerous to add an acid to neutralize it, resulting in dangerous chlorine gas. However, when neutralized by a method that does not generate chlorine gas and weakly acidic, the sterilizing and killing power increases 100 times, and the liquid does not have tissue irritation.

  It is most important to consider how to apply this weakly acidic hypochlorous acid to prevent hospital disinfection and the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the general public, as well as food disinfection that is currently spreading. It is a problem. The patent filed here is, as the most extreme example, a hospital building design that maximizes the prevention of nosocomial infections without resorting to antibiotics at all.

  This sterile ward is filled with society with antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the not-too-distant future, and hospital infections no longer occur at high rates in hospitals. Bacterial infections associated with viral respiratory infections It is common sense of respiratory infectious scientists that the majority of deaths in Japan are due to recent mixed infections.) The response is in line with the pessimistic observation that an increase in mortality is inevitable It is intended to provide a form of measure.

JP 2002-181358 A Registered Utility Model Publication No. 3154192

As described in paragraph [0023], the air conditioner of the invention described in Patent Document 1 has a humidifier (200) housed in an air conditioner case (110), the purpose of which is [0004]. Therefore, it is intended to provide a humidifying device that suppresses the influence of germs and the like that propagate on the humidifying means (210), and that can provide a healthy and safe humidification to the user. From [0006] and [0007], it can be seen that hypochlorous acid contained in tap water is used for the treatment of various germs and the like.
In this air conditioner, lines 5 to 7 at the end of [0037] “moisture of the humidifying element 210 evaporates and is released as moisture from the humidifying air outlet 292 and the air air outlet 112” and lines 2 to 4 of [0056]. “The moisture of the humidifying element 210 evaporates and is released as moisture from the humidifying air outlet 292 and the air air outlet 112.” From this, it is considered that the type is installed in each room, and it is easy to adopt in the case of a small building, It is unsuitable for completely shutting off a large building like a hospital ward from an outpatient building.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a sterilizing and deodorizing ultrasonic humidifier using hypochlorous acid water. Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, the micromist 10 generated by the sterilizing and deodorizing ultrasonic humidifier 1 is sent to the space by being blown by the blower 9, and is used as an air conditioner for a large building. Rather than being built in, it seems to be installed in each room. Therefore, the invention described in Patent Document 2 has the same problem as Patent Document 1.

(Claim 1) A hospital ward for preventing hospital infection according to the present invention includes a hall, a meeting room, a kitchen, a waste disposal room, an operating room, a washroom (toilet), a hospital room, an examination room, and an air conditioner. The hall communicates with the outside at the entrance, and includes inside entrances for visitors, hospitalized patients, medical personnel, kitchen / cleaning personnel, and examinees. The visitor room is divided into a visitor room and an inpatient room by a see-through partition having a through hole, the visitor room leads to the visitor entrance, the inpatient room communicates with the hospital room, and the admission room The patient room is kept at a higher pressure than the visitor room. It said input Institute patients, the medical personnel, each doorway of the kitchen and cleaning personnel and the test subject are familiar with each other systemic sterilization chamber. It said input Institute all only the sterilization chamber of the patient and the medical personnel are in communication with the surgical room, the detergent surface chamber and the disease chamber. All body sterilization chamber of the kitchen, cleaning personnel communicates to the kitchen and the soil was treated chamber. All only sterilization chamber obtaining step who is communicated to the laboratory. Then, at least the operating room, the washroom, and the hospital room are sterilized water (hereinafter referred to as “hypochlorous acid”) that is weakly acidic (pH 5 to 6.5) and that contains hypochlorous acid at a certain concentration sent from the air conditioner through the main duct. The water mist outlet is open.

This hospital infection prevention ward is erected independently of the outpatient building or continuously with the outpatient building, but in any case, when people or objects enter through the outpatient building, these bacteria It must be blocked from adhering to the hospital ward for hospital infection prevention.
In the present invention, a person who has entered the hall of a hospital ward for hospital infection prevention is guided to different routes according to the necessity of sterilization. That is, meeting people, by directly or mild sterilization process, always direct line Kunode without contacting the hospitalized patients visiting person chamber airflow is flowing from inpatient chamber, the inpatient from meeting human It can prevent the infection of bacteria. Hospitalized patients and medical personnel go through the passage to the operating room, washroom, and hospital room after sterilization in the whole body sterilization room. By simply going to the kitchen room and the waste disposal room, contact with doctors and hospitalized patients is cut off, and even if bacteria remain in these persons, there is no risk of infection to doctors or hospitalized patients. Therefore, extremely efficient and complete sterilization can be performed.

  The hyponitrous mist sent out from the apparatus is sent to each room from the outlet and goes to every corner, purifies each room by sterilizing and deodorizing functions, and does not have any adverse effect on the human body. There are two ways to send hypomite mist to each room: a parallel type in which each chamber is divided from the main duct, and a series type in which each room is sequentially flowed. As used herein, each room may include the halls, meeting rooms, kitchens, waste disposal rooms, operating rooms, washrooms, whole body sterilization rooms other than hospital rooms, corridors, canteens, and other rooms. In the following explanation, these are collectively expressed as “each room etc.” as necessary.

  Since this hyponitrous mist is highly oxidative, it is necessary to form surfaces such as the main duct and the blowout port that are in contact with the mist with an oxidation resistant material. When a material without oxidation resistance is unavoidably used, it is necessary to cover the surface with a durable oxidation resistance film to make it resistant to oxidation and withstand long-term use.

(Claim 2 ) The kitchen includes a wagon room for storing a wagon for serving, a dishwashing room, a dish disinfection room, a tableware drying shelf, a serving shelf, an arrangement shelf for tableware after meals, and a dedicated elevator communicating with the wagon room. May be.
If it carries out like this, it can prevent effectively that bacteria adhere to food and drink.

(Claim 3 ) The kitchen may be provided with a faucet that supplies and supplies food material and hypochlorous water for sterilizing fingers with a pedal.
In this way, a cook or the like can remove bacteria attached to these by opening the faucet, washing his hands, and washing the food.

(Claim 4 ) A mat is laid on the floor surface of the waste disposal chamber, the mat has water permeability, the surface is a non-slip surface, and has oxidation resistance, and the water supply extends on the floor surface. Hypochlorite fed from the pipe onto the mat may be discharged to the outside through the mat and the drainage groove.
In this way, even in the filth processing chamber where contamination with bacteria is likely to occur, hyponitrous water is continuously or intermittently supplied from one end of the floor to the extent that the mat surface is immersed, and discharged at the other end of the floor. Thus, the floor surface can always be kept in a sterilized state. Even if the mat surface is wet, it does not slip and the mat does not corrode. At this time, the mat surface is slightly lower than the surface of the passage so that hyponitrous acid does not flow out into the passage, and the level difference between the passage and the mat surface is the same as that of barrier-free with a step board etc. whose surface is inclined. Keep on. The floor should have the necessary slope.

(Claim 5 ) In the operating room, the entire peripheral surface may be surrounded by an oxidation-resistant covering material.
In this way, even if surgery is required for HIV patients or other highly virulent virus-infected patients, the entire circumference of the operating room can be sterilized by spraying hyponitrogen.

(Claim 6 ) The operating room may be provided with an operation preparation room in which a bath and a disinfecting garment are prepared in the preceding stage, in which a water temperature is 40 ± 3 ° C. and 20-50 ppm hyponitrous water is placed.
In this way, the patient or medical staff performing the operation sterilizes the whole body in the operation preparation room before starting the operation, so that accidental infection can be prevented.

( 7 ) A mat is laid on the floor surface of the washroom, the mat has water permeability, the surface is a non-slip surface, and has oxidation resistance, and is a water supply pipe extending on the floor surface. Then, hyponitrous acid supplied onto the mat may be discharged to the outside through the mat and the drainage groove.
In this way, even in a washroom where contamination with bacteria is likely to occur, hyponitrous acid is supplied continuously or intermittently from one end of the floor to the extent that the surface of the mat is immersed, and discharged at the other end of the floor. The floor surface can be kept in a sterilized state at all times. Even if the surface of the mat is wet, it does not slip and the mat does not corrode.
In this case as well, the mat surface is made slightly lower than the corridor surface so that the hyponitrous water does not flow out into the corridor. Can be kept as well.

(Claim 8 ) The floor surface of the hospital room is covered with an oxidation-resistant and non-slip material, and the peripheral surfaces such as the wall surface and the ceiling surface are made of a flat, water-resistant, oxidation-resistant and non-chargeable substance. It may be.
In this way, even if mist for sterilization and sterilization is blown into the hospital room, the material will not corrode, the peripheral surface can be wiped with a cleaning tool, and even if the floor surface gets wet, it has slip resistance Therefore, patients, doctors, staff, cleaning contractors, etc. do not slip and are safe and do not cause static electricity, so there is no risk of fire.

(Claim 9) said input Institute patient and the medical personnel of systemic sterilization chamber dust chamber which is partitioned to allow sequential communication, changing room, may be constituted in the bathroom and dressing room.
In this way, rough dust removal is performed in the dust removal chamber, and complete sterilization is performed by taking off and bathing. By wearing sterile clothes, bacteria can be prevented from entering the operating room, hospital room, and the like.

(Claim 1 0) total body sterilization chamber dust chamber which is partitioned to allow sequential communication for the kitchen, cleaning personnel, changing room, may be configured in shower and dressing room.
In this way, it is possible to perform sterilization suitable for kitchen / cleaning personnel not required until bath washing.

(Claim 1 1 ) The bathroom floor of the hospitalized patient is made of an oxidation-resistant material with a non-slip surface, and each bathtub is filled with 900 to 1,100 ppm carbonated hot spring water, depending on the amount of water. 10 to 20 g of sodium hypochlorite may be added to a final concentration of about 0.1 g / L = 100 ppm.
In this way, the floor surface does not corrode or deteriorate, it does not slip and roll due to the anti-slip surface on the floor surface, and the hot water in the bathtub can remove bacteria attached to the human body, and after bathing Hot water can be discharged from the drain.

(Claim 1 2) the bath room for the medical personnel is partitioned into front and rear in different depths a plurality of juxtaposed sterilized pool in the middle, also said front and rear portion have a shower Good.
For medical personnel who require complete disinfection, problems remain with showers alone (especially for vulva and female vaginal disinfection). With this configuration of the bathroom, a large number of showers arranged on both sides of the front passage once used soap to remove organic matter on the surface of the body, and then each person had different depths so that each person could soak up to the neck Since the sterilization pools in multiple rows are forced to walk and the whole body is sterilized, and the head and face are washed in the rear shower, the sterilization can be sufficiently performed. The length of the sterilizing pool is preferably about 10 m, and it is desirable that the sterilizing water is always circulated to the sterilizing / disinfecting device with a circulation pipe to keep it clean and to have a necessary chlorine concentration.

(Claim 1 3 ) The size of the particles of the mist may be 4 to 7 μm.
In this case, even if the mist collides with the surface of the main duct, the air outlet, each chamber or the like, it does not burst due to the surface tension, so that the surface does not need to be wetted.

Hypochlorous acid concentration (claim 1 4) said the mist may be 50 to 300 ppm.
In this way, sterilization and sterilization can be performed under optimum concentration conditions according to each room, and the odor can be withstood.

According to (claim 1) hospital infection prevention ward according to the present invention, a person who came into holes, since the guide memorial to each another route in accordance with the required degree of sterilization, the following There is an effect like this. Meeting people to directly or mild sterilization process, go to meet people chamber in a soluble perspective of the partition wall having a through hole was partitioned between inpatient chamber, said input Institute patient room communicates with the patient's room, inpatient Since the room is kept at a higher pressure than the visitor's room, the visitor does not come into direct contact with the inpatient, and airflow always flows from the inpatient room to the visitor's room, so bacteria are transmitted from the visitor to the inpatient. Can be prevented. Hospital patients and medical personnel directly to the post-eradication in the whole body sterilization chamber, or operating room using the elevator, Ru can go to the lavatory and hospital room. Persons with a high rate of bacteria, such as kitchen and cleaning personnel, can go to the kitchen and filth disposal room after sterilization in the whole body sterilization room. risk of infection rather than to, therefore, it is extremely efficient and complete eradication work. Since the person who needs the test goes from the whole body sterilization room to the test room, even if the sterilization is incomplete, there is no contact with others and there is almost no risk of infection. In addition, at least the operating room, the washroom, and the hospital room are purified because the mist of hypochlorous acid sent from the air outlet reaches every corner and exhibits sterilization and deodorizing functions. There is no adverse effect.

  Since this hyponitrous mist is highly oxidative, the surfaces of the ducts, outlets, and chambers that are in contact with the mist must be made of an oxidation resistant material. When a material without oxidation resistance is unavoidably used, it is necessary to cover the surface with a durable oxidation resistance film to make it resistant to oxidation and withstand long-term use.

According to claim 2 , the kitchen has a wagon room for storing a wagon for serving, a dishwashing room, a dish disinfection room, a tableware drying shelf, a serving shelf, an arrangement shelf for tableware after meals, and a dedicated elevator communicating with the wagon room. Since it is provided, it is possible to effectively prevent bacteria from adhering during cooking, washing and serving of food and drink.

According to the third aspect , the kitchen is provided with a faucet that supplies food and hypoxia that sterilizes the fingers with a pedal, so that a cook or the like can open and close the faucet with this pedal to wash their hands. In addition, the bacteria attached to these can be removed by washing the food.

According to claim 4 , a mat is laid on the floor surface of the waste disposal chamber, the mat has water permeability, the surface becomes a non-slip surface, has oxidation resistance, and extends on the floor surface. Hydrous water supplied onto the mat from the water supply pipe is discharged outside the room through the mat and drainage groove. By supplying continuously or intermittently to the extent that the mat surface is immersed from one end side of the floor surface and discharging at the other end side of the floor surface, the floor surface can always be kept in a sterilized state. Even if the mat surface is wet, it does not slip and the mat does not corrode. It is desirable that the mat surface is slightly lower than the surface of the passage so that hyponitrous acid does not flow out into the passage, and the step formed between the passage and the mat surface is made barrier-free with a tread or the like whose surface is inclined. The floor should have the necessary slope.

According to claim 5 , since the entire operating room is surrounded by an oxidation-resistant covering material, the entire operating room of the operating room can be operated even when surgery for HIV patients or other highly virulent virus-infected patients is required. The peripheral surface can be sterilized by spraying hyponitrogen.

According to claim 6 , the operating room is provided with an operation preparation room in which a water temperature of 40 ± 3 ° C. and 20-50 ppm of hyponitrous water is provided, and a disinfection garment is prepared. Patients and health care workers can prevent accidental infections by sterilizing the whole body in this operation preparation room and then performing surgery.

According to claim 7 , a mat is laid on the floor surface of the washroom, the mat has water permeability, the surface is a non-slip surface, and has oxidation resistance, and extends on the floor surface. Since hyponitrous water supplied onto the mat from the water supply pipe is discharged outside the room through the mat and the drainage groove, even in a washroom that is likely to be contaminated with bacteria, it is the same as the waste treatment room. In addition, the mat surface can be arranged in the same manner as the waste disposal chamber, and the same effect can be obtained while maintaining the sterilization property, slip resistance and corrosion resistance of the floor surface.

According to claim 8 , the floor surface of the hospital room is covered with an oxidation-resistant and non-slip material, and the peripheral surface such as the wall surface and the ceiling surface is a flat surface made of a water-resistant, oxidation-resistant and non-chargeable substance. Because it is configured, even if mist for sterilization and sterilization is blown into the hospital room, there is no risk of material corrosion, the peripheral surface can be wiped with a cleaning tool, and even if the floor surface gets wet, it is anti-slip It is safe for patients, doctors, staff, cleaning companies, etc. to slip, and there is no fear of fire because static electricity does not occur.

According to claim 9, wherein the patients and medical personnel of systemic sterilization chamber dust chamber which is partitioned to allow sequential communication, changing room, which is configured in the bathroom and dressing room, rough dust in dust chamber The sterilization is performed by taking off the clothes and taking a bath, and it is possible to prevent bacteria from entering the operating room, hospital room, etc. by wearing sterile clothes.

According to claim 1 0, the kitchen, cleaning personnel and total body sterilization chamber dust chamber which is partitioned to allow sequential communication of the examinee, undressing room, which is configured in shower and dressing room, It is possible to perform sterilization suitable for kitchen / cleaning staff and examinees who are not required until bathing.

According to claim 1 1, floor of the bath room of the hospitalized patients is composed of the surface in oxidation resistance of the material was slip surface, each tub is filled with hot water carbonated spring of 900～1,100Ppm, the Depending on the amount of water, 10-20 g of sodium hypochlorite is added to a final concentration of about 0.1 g / L = 100 ppm, so the floor surface will not corrode or deteriorate, The hot water in the bathtub can effectively remove bacteria adhering to the human body without slipping and rolling, and the hot water after bathing can be discharged from the drain.

According to claim 1 2, the medical personnel of the bath room is partitioned into front and rear in different depths a plurality of juxtaposed sterilization pools intermediate said front and rear has a shower Therefore, medical personnel are forced to pass through the sterilization pool, can be completely sterilized, and prevent infection to the patient.

According to claims 1 to 3, the size of the mist particles so 4～7Myuemu, mist said main duct,該吹outlet, without rupture even due to its surface tension and impact the surface of each chamber such No need to wet the surface.

According to claim 1 4, hypochlorous acid concentration in the mist since 50 to 300 ppm, performed sterilization and disinfection at the optimum concentration conditions according to each room, it fits into the range of odor can withstand.

It is a perspective view which shows notionally the hospital ward for hospital infection prevention which concerns on this invention. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a part including a kitchen 3 and an examination room 8. It is the fragmentary sectional view which expanded a part of kitchen 3 further. FIG. 4 is a partially cut slope view showing the structure of the floor portion of the waste disposal chamber 4. FIG. 4 is a partially cut slope view of the operating room 5. FIG. 4 is a partially cut slope view showing the structure of the floor portion of the washroom 6. FIG. 3 is a partially cut slope view of a hospital room 7. FIG. 6 is a partially cut slope view of a bathroom 163. It is an enlarged slope view of bathroom 173 for medical personnel. It is a graph of "abundance ratio of free effective chlorine." It is a figure which shows the relationship between "the bactericidal effect of free chlorine, and pH of water." It is a graph of the data of Table 3. It is explanatory drawing of the state which carried out the comparison test of the falling bacteria by the spray of Hasepp maker production | generation water at nine places of T1-T9 in the hospital room 7. FIG. The data shown in Table 5 are shown in a graph with the spraying locations as three locations T7, T8, T9 in the hospital room shown in FIG. It is a graph which shows the result of the experiment of the measurement of the inactivation effect with respect to feline calicivirus of arvishat (hypochlorous acid type disinfectant).

(Claim 1) In FIG. 1, a hospital ward prevention ward according to the present invention includes a hall 1, a meeting room 2, a kitchen 3, a waste disposal room 4, an operating room 5, a washroom (including a toilet) 6, and a hospital room 7. The inspection room 8 and the air conditioner 9 are provided.

The hall 1 communicates with the outside through the entrance 11 and includes a visitor entrance 12, an inpatient entrance 13, a medical personnel entrance 14, a kitchen / cleaning personnel entrance 15, and an examinee entrance 16.
The meeting room 2 is divided into a visitor room 23 and an inpatient room 24 by a see-through partition wall 22 having a through hole 21, and the visitor room 23 leads to the visitor entrance 12. The inpatient room 24 communicates with the hospital room 7, and the inside of the inpatient room 24 is maintained at a higher pressure than the inside of the visitor room 23. In this case, the visitor does not directly contact the inpatient, and the airflow always flows from the inpatient room 24 to the visitor room 23, thereby preventing bacteria from being transmitted from the visitor to the inpatient.
Hospitalized patients, medical personnel, each inlet and outlet 13, 14, 15, and 16 of the kitchen and cleaning personnel and the examinee are familiar with each other systemic sterilization chamber 17, 18, 19, 20.

  The hospitalized patient's whole body sterilization room 17 and the medical staff's whole body sterilization room 18 communicate with the operating room 5, the washroom 6, and the hospital room 7. The subject's whole body sterilization room 19 communicates with the examination room 8. The whole body sterilization chamber 20 of the kitchen / cleaning personnel communicates with the kitchen 3 and the waste disposal chamber 4.

  Then, at least the operating room 5, the washroom 6 and the hospital room 7 branch off from a main duct 91 extending from an air conditioner 9 for producing and blowing hyponitrous, and a hyponitrous mist outlet 92 is opened. Yes. The mist outlet 92 may be opened in the hall 1, the meeting room 2, the kitchen 3, the waste disposal room 4, the examination room 8, the whole body sterilization room 17, 18, 19 and 20 other than these rooms, In this case, the bactericidal effect can be further increased.

This hospital infection prevention ward is erected independently of the outpatient building or continuously with the outpatient building. The person who has entered Hall 1 through the entrance 11 will select the route he should follow. Since the visitor does not need complete sterilization, the visitor goes directly to the visit room 2 and enters the visitor room 23 . As described above, if the mist outlet 92 is opened in the visit room 2, the visitor himself can be sterilized.

  The patient who is going to be hospitalized in the whole body sterilization room 17 and the medical staff go to the operating room 5 and the hospital room 7 directly through the passage after sterilization in the whole body sterilization room 18 or by the elevator E. The washroom (toilet) 6 is partitioned into a male 6a and a female 6b, and may be independent of the patient room 7 or attached to the patient room 7 as shown.

Persons with a high rate of bacteria, such as those related to kitchen / cleaning, can only go to the kitchen 3 or the waste disposal room 4 after sterilization in the whole body sterilization room 20, so even if bacteria remain in these persons, There is no fear of infecting hospitalized patients. Further, since the examinee goes directly to the examination room 8 through the whole-body sterilization room 19, there is no contact with other people, and even if there is a sterilization leak, infection can be prevented.
From the above, in this hospital infection prevention ward, extremely efficient and complete sterilization work becomes possible.

  In the drawing, reference numeral 10 denotes an emergency passage, which is used for entering and exiting relatives of patients who have fallen into a critical condition, and includes a clothing room 101 for wearing disposable preventive clothing covering the whole body. This dressing room 101 leads to the sickroom 7 and the like. Also, a mist outlet 92 may be opened in the clothing room 101.

  As for the passage between the chambers 1 to 8, the doors that are allowed to be opened and closed directly when the chambers are adjacent to each other, and when separated from each other through the passage and the elevator E as appropriate (reference numerals omitted). Is done. When leaving the ward, since the whole body disinfection is unnecessary, a bypass for that purpose may be provided, and the passage G connecting the whole body sterilization room 20 of the kitchen / cleaning person and the kitchen 3 or the waste disposal room 4 may be used. . This passage G can also be used as an emergency exit G '.

  Moreover, the hyponitrous acid mist sent from the blower outlet 92 to each room 1-8 through the main duct 91 purifies the room by demonstrating a sterilization and deodorizing function to each corner of each room, There is no adverse effect on the human body.

  Since this hyponitrous mist is highly oxidative, the surfaces of the main duct 91, the air outlet 92, and the mists of the chambers 1 to 8 that are in contact with the mist need to be made of an oxidation resistant material. When a material without oxidation resistance is unavoidably used, it is necessary to cover the surface with a durable oxidation resistance film to make it resistant to oxidation and withstand long-term use. There are two ways of sending hypomethyl mist to each of the chambers 1 to 8: a parallel type in which the main duct 91 separates the chambers for each chamber and a serial type in which the chambers are sequentially flowed.

  In FIG. 1, which is an embodiment of the present invention, the ward has a three-story structure as indicated by an imaginary line, and elevators such as an elevator E and a staircase S are provided as usual for communication on each floor. . In this type of ward, there can be a dining room, a library room, etc. in addition to the rooms shown here, so the “hospital room” in this specification can be substituted for these.

  Regarding the change in the amount of HOCl (this is a component having strong bactericidal activity) due to the pH of hypochlorous acid, the “abundance ratio of free effective chlorine” in FIG. 10 and “bactericidal effect of free chlorine and pH of water” (“ Purified water technology ”, Kenji Tanbo, page 102, Gihodo, published in November 1985). It can be seen that pH 9-10 is sodium hypochlorite and pH 4-5 is weakly acidic hypochlorous acid, and the bactericidal effect becomes stronger when it goes acidic at pH 7 and the bactericidal effect becomes weaker when it goes alkaline.

(Claim 2 ) In FIG. 2, the kitchen 3 includes a wagon room 31 for storing a wagon for serving, a dishwashing room 32, a dish disinfection room 33, a tableware drying shelf 34, a serving rack 35, a tableware placement shelf 36 for after-meal dishes, and a wagon. A dedicated elevator 37 communicating with the chamber 31 is provided.
In this case, it is possible to effectively prevent bacteria from adhering at the time of cooking food and drink, washing dishes, and serving.

(Claim 3 ) In FIG. 3, the kitchen 3 is provided with a faucet 39 that supplies and supplies hypoxia for sterilizing food and fingers with a pedal 38.
In this case, a cook or the like can remove bacteria attached to the faucet 39 by opening the faucet 39 with the pedal 38, washing his hands, and washing the food.

(Claim 4 ) In FIG. 4, a mat 42 is laid on the floor surface 41 of the waste disposal chamber 4. The floor surface 41 is given a moderate gradient. The mat 42 has water permeability, has a non-slip surface, and has oxidation resistance. Then, hyponitrous water supplied onto the mat 42 from the water supply pipe 43 extending on the floor surface 41 passes through the mat 42 and is discharged to the outside by the drainage groove 44.
In this case, even in the waste treatment chamber 4 where contamination with bacteria is likely to occur, hyponitrous acid is continuously or intermittently supplied from one end side of the floor surface 41 to the extent that the surface of the mat 42 is immersed, and the other end side of the floor surface 41. The floor surface 41 can always be kept in a sterilized state by discharging in step (1). Even if the surface of the mat 42 is wet, it does not slip and the mat 42 does not corrode.
The surface of the mat 42 is slightly lower than the surface of the corridor so that hyponitrous acid does not flow out into the corridor, and the step formed on the surface of the corridor and the mat 42 is the same as barrier-free with a step board or the like having an inclined surface. Can be kept in.

(Claim 5 ) In FIG. 5, the operating room 5 is surrounded by an oxidation-resistant covering material 51 on the entire peripheral surface.
In this case, even when an operation of an HIV patient or other highly toxic virus-infected patient is required, the entire peripheral surface of the operating room 5 can be sterilized by spraying with hyponitrogen.

(Claim 6 ) In FIG. 1, the operating room 5 is provided with an operation preparation room 53 in which a water temperature is 40. +-. 3.degree.
In this case, since the patient or medical staff performing the operation sterilizes the whole body in the operation preparation room 53 and starts the operation, it is possible to prevent accidental infection.

(Claim 7 ) In FIG. 6, a mat 62 is laid on the floor surface 61 of the washroom 6. The mat 62 is water-permeable, has a non-slip surface, has oxidation resistance, and has a floor surface. The hyponitrous acid supplied on the mat 62 from the water supply pipe 63 extending on 61 passes through the mat 62 and the drainage groove 64 and is discharged outside the room.
In this case, even in the washroom 6 that is likely to be contaminated with bacteria, the mat surface 62 is maintained in the same manner as the filth treatment chamber 4 while maintaining the sterilization property, slip resistance, and corrosion resistance of the floor surface 61 as in the filth treatment chamber 4. The same effect is achieved as the arrangement.

(Claim 8 ) FIG. 7 is a partial view of the hospital room 7. The floor surface 71 is covered with an oxidation-resistant and non-slip material 72, and the peripheral surface 73 such as a wall surface or a ceiling surface is a flat surface with water resistance and oxidation resistance. It is composed of a chargeable and non-chargeable substance.
In this case, even if a mist for sterilization and sterilization is blown into the hospital room 7, the material 72 is not corroded, the peripheral surface can be wiped with a cleaning tool, and even if the floor surface 71 gets wet, the slipperiness is prevented. It is safe for patients, medical professionals, cleaning companies, etc. to slip, and there is no risk of fire because static electricity does not occur.

(Claim 9 ) In FIG. 1, the whole body sterilization room 17 of the inpatient and the whole body sterilization room 18 of the medical staff are sequentially partitioned so as to be able to communicate with each other. , And clothing rooms 174 and 184.
In this case, rough dust removal is performed in the dust removal chambers 171 and 181, undressing is performed in the dressing chambers 172 and 182, bathing is performed in the bathroom 173 and 183, and aseptic clothes are worn in the dressing chambers 174 and 184, thereby complete sterilization. This prevents bacteria from entering the operating room 5, the hospital room 7, and the like.

(Claim 1 0 ) In FIG. 1, the whole body sterilization chamber 19 of the examinee and the whole body sterilization chamber 20 of the kitchen / cleaning person are respectively separated into the dust removal chambers 191, 201, and the dressing chambers 192, 202. , Shower rooms 193 and 203 and clothes rooms 194 and 204.
In this case, the person to be inspected and the kitchen / cleaning person respectively perform rough dust removal in the dust removing chambers 191 and 201, undress in the dressing rooms 192 and 202, take a shower in the shower chambers 193 and 203, and a clothing room 194, By wearing aseptic clothes at 204, almost complete sterilization is performed, and bacteria can be prevented from being carried to the examination room or attached to food or cooking.

(Claim 1 1 ) FIG. 8 is a partially cut perspective view showing one of the bathrooms 173 and 183 taken up, and is also common to the bathroom 183. The floor 175 is made of an oxidation-resistant material 176 having a non-slip surface, and the bathtub 177 is filled with 900 to 1,100 ppm of carbonated hot spring water. Depending on the amount of water, 10 to 20 g of sodium hypochlorite is added to obtain a final concentration of about 0.1 g / L = 100 ppm. The drain port 178 is provided at the lower end of the gradient of the floor surface 175.
In this case, the floor surface 175 does not corrode or deteriorate, does not slip and roll due to the anti-slip surface on the floor surface 175, and the hot water in the bathtub 177 can remove bacteria attached to the human body, The hot water after bathing can be discharged from the drain port 178.

(Claim 1 2 ) In FIG. 9, the bathroom 183 of the whole body sterilization chamber 18 for medical personnel is divided into a front part 183 a and a rear part 183 b by a plurality of parallel sterilization pools F 1, F 2 and F 3 having different depths. The front part 183a and the rear part 183b are shower rooms.
In this case, since the medical staff preliminarily cleans the front part 183a, and then forcibly passes the sterilization pools F1, F2, and F3 to the neck, the rear part 183b cleans the rest of the head and the like. Can be easily sterilized, preventing infection to patients. These sterilization pools F1, F2, and F3 are communicated with a sterilization / disinfection device F5 through a circulation pipe F4, and are kept in clean sterilization water at all times.

(Claim 1 3 ) The size of the mist particles is 4 to 7 μm.
In this case, even if the mist collides with the surfaces of the main duct 91, the air outlet 92, the chambers 1 to 8 and the like, they do not rupture due to the surface tension, so that these surfaces do not have to be wetted.

Hypochlorous acid concentration (claim 1 4) in the mist has a 50 to 300 ppm.
In this case, sterilization and sterilization can be performed under optimum concentration conditions according to each room, and the odor can be withstood.

  Various test bacteria are added to three types of test water including Hasepp maker-generated water and put into test tubes. The hourly experimental data on the number of live bacteria per ml are shown in Table 1, and the test destination is a foundation. Japan Food Analysis Center.

＊ 1) ハセップメイカー生成水：有効塩素濃度57ppm pH7.2（23℃）、食塩水の電解水もしくは中和した次亜塩素酸ソーダ（弱酸性次亜塩素酸）と同質の成分
2) 塩化ベンザルコニウム ：有効濃度0.05％
3) 次亜塩素酸ナトリウム ：有効塩素濃度200ppm
4) ＜１０：試験機関における検出限界を表す。つまり、菌が検出されなかったことを意味する。
5) 添加菌数：各殺菌剤に接触させる前の菌数である。

* 1) Hasepp maker water: effective chlorine concentration 57ppm pH7.2 (23 ℃), components of the same quality as saline electrolyzed water or neutralized sodium hypochlorite (weakly acidic hypochlorous acid)
2) Benzalkonium chloride: effective concentration 0.05%
3) Sodium hypochlorite: Effective chlorine concentration 200ppm
4) <10: Indicates the detection limit at the testing institution. That is, it means that no bacteria were detected.
5) Number of added bacteria: This is the number of bacteria before contacting each fungicide.

  Table 2 shows test data in which agar plates for detection of bacteria were placed in 10 locations P1 to P10 in a room, and bacteria dropped by spraying Hasepp maker-generated water, tap water, and strong oxidizing water were compared.

  Table 3 shows the average values at 10 locations in each intermediate period from before the spraying of each test water to 2 hours after the completion. This is shown in a graph in FIG.

  Table 4 shows the results of a comparison test of bacteria falling by spraying Hasepp maker-generated water at 9 locations T1 to T9 in the hospital room 7 shown in FIG. As can be seen from the total number of viable bacteria in the bottom column, the total number of viable bacteria has decreased more or less before and after spraying. The conditions are listed below Table 4.

「条件」
・噴霧方法：搬送流付き超音波噴霧器７４
・噴霧場所：病室７内のT1〜T9
・ハセップメイカー生成水：（pH6.0、有効塩素濃度200ppm）１時間噴霧
・環境：噴霧中は出入口７５のドアは閉めていたが、噴霧中に看護師の出入りは数回あった。

"conditions"
-Spraying method: Ultrasonic sprayer 74 with carrier flow
・ Spray location: T1-T9 in patient room 7
・ Hasepp maker water: (pH 6.0, effective chlorine concentration 200 ppm) 1 hour spray ・ Environment: The door of the entrance / exit 75 was closed during spraying, but the nurse entered and exited several times during spraying.

  Table 5 shows the results of dividing the same comparative test before spraying, during spraying, and after spraying at three locations T7 to T9 in the hospital room 7 shown in FIG. Street. As can be seen from the total number of viable bacteria in the bottom column, the total number of viable bacteria has decreased significantly before and after spraying. FIG. 14 shows this graphically.

  The results of the experiment for measuring the inactivation effect of Alvishat (hypochlorous acid-based disinfectant) on feline calicivirus are as shown in Table 6 and FIG. .

表６は、培養が不可能なヒトノロウイルスに変えて類似のネコカリシウイルスを用いた場合である。ウイルスを処理するために用いた濃度は、予備実験の結果から最終濃度100ppmとし、ウイルスとの接触時間を１から１０分間とした。その結果、ネコカリシウイルス感受性CRFK細胞でのブラックの数は急激に減少し、１分間の接触で約1／700になり、３分間では約1／7000になった。１０分間の接触では１０万分の１以下に減少したが、この作用時間内では完全なウイルスの不活性化は観察されなかった。ちなみに、アルコールを用いた場合は、３０分で0.1％、５分で１％までの減少であった。
これらの結果は、アルヴィシャットが効率よくヒトノロウイルスを不活性化しうることを示しており、近年急増しているノロウイルスによる食中毒を予防できる可能性を示し、食品衛生上の観点からも重要な結果といえる。

Table 6 shows the case where a similar feline calicivirus was used instead of the human norovirus that could not be cultured. The concentration used to treat the virus was a final concentration of 100 ppm from the results of the preliminary experiment, and the contact time with the virus was 1 to 10 minutes. As a result, the number of blacks in feline calicivirus-sensitive CRFK cells rapidly decreased to about 1/700 after 1 minute contact and to about 1/7000 after 3 minutes. Although 10 minutes of contact decreased to less than 1 / 100,000, complete virus inactivation was not observed within this action time. Incidentally, when alcohol was used, the reduction was 0.1% in 30 minutes and 1% in 5 minutes.
These results show that Alvishat can inactivate human norovirus efficiently, and it is possible to prevent food poisoning caused by norovirus which has been increasing rapidly in recent years. I can say that.

1 Hall 11 Entrance 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 Entrance
17, 18, 19, 20 Whole body sterilization room 171, 181, 191, 201 Dust removal room 172, 182, 192, 202 Dressing room 173, 183 Bathroom 174, 184, 194, 204 Dressing room 193, 203 Shower room 2 Meeting room 21 Through hole 22 Partition wall 23 Meeting room 24 Hospitalized patient room 3 Kitchen 31 Wagon room 32 Dishwashing room 33 Tableware disinfection room 34 Tableware drying shelf 35 Disposition shelf 36 Arrangement shelf 37 Dedicated elevator 38 Pedal 39 Faucet 331 Floor surface 332 Material 4 Soil Treatment room 41 Floor 42 Mat 43 Water supply pipe 44 Drainage groove 5 Operating room 51 Covering material 52 Bathtub 53 Surgery preparation room 6 Washing room 61 Floor surface 62 Mat 63 Water supply pipe 64 Drainage groove 7 Hospital room 71 Floor surface 72 Material 73 Circumferential surface 175 Floor 176 Material 177 Bath 8 Inspection room 183a Front 183b Rear F1, F2, F3 Sterilization pool F4 Circulation pad Type F5 Sterilization disinfection device 9 Air conditioner 91 Main duct 92 Outlet 10 Emergency passage 101 Clothes room E Elevator S Stair G Passage G 'Emergency exit

Claims (14)

Hall (1), Meeting room (2), Kitchen (3), Waste disposal room (4), Operating room (5), Wash room (6), Hospital room (7), Exam room (8) and Air conditioner (9 )
The hall (1) communicates with the outside at the entrance (11), and inside the entrances (12, 13, 14, 15, 16) of visitors, hospitalized patients, medical personnel, kitchen / cleaning personnel, and examinees. )
The meeting room (2) is divided into a visitor room (23) and an inpatient room (24) by a transparent partition wall (22) having a through hole (21), and the visitor room (23) is divided into the visitor room (23). The in-patient room (24) communicates with the hospital room (7) through the person entrance (12), and the in-patient room (24) is maintained at a higher pressure than the visitor room (23),
Said input Institute patients, the medical personnel, the kitchen and cleaning personnel and each entrance of the examinee (13, 14, 15, 16) is through to each another systemic sterilization chamber (17, 18, 19, 20) And
Said input Institute patients and the medical personnel of systemic sterilization chamber (17, 18) is the surgical room (5) communicates with the detergent surface chamber (6) and the disease chamber (7),
The kitchen and cleaning personnel of systemic sterilization chamber (19) is in communication with the kitchen (3) and the soil was treated chamber (4),
Obtaining step's total body sterilization chamber (20) is in communication with the test chamber (8),
There is a mist outlet (92) for hyponitrous acid sent through the main duct (91) from the air conditioner (9) to at least the operating room (5), the washroom (6) and the hospital room (7). A hospital ward for hospital infection prevention, characterized by opening.   The kitchen (3) includes a wagon room (31) for storing a wagon for serving, a dishwasher room (32), a dish disinfection room (33), a tableware drying shelf (34), a tableware shelf (35), and the arrangement of dishes after meals. The hospital infection prevention ward according to claim 1, further comprising a shelf (36) and a dedicated elevator (37) communicating with the wagon room (31). The hospital infection prevention ward according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the kitchen (3) is provided with a faucet (39) for supplying food and hypoxia for sterilizing fingers with a pedal (38).   A mat (42) is laid on the floor surface (41) of the waste disposal chamber (4), the mat (42) has water permeability, has a non-slip surface, and has oxidation resistance. Hydrous water supplied to the mat (42) from the water supply pipe (43) extending on the floor (41) is discharged to the outside through the mat (42) and the drainage groove (44). The ward for preventing hospital infection according to claim 1.   The ward for preventing hospital infection according to claim 1, wherein the operating room (5) is surrounded by an oxidation-resistant covering material (51) on the entire circumference.   The operating room (5) is provided with a bathtub (52) in which hypothermic water of 20 to 50 ppm is placed at a water temperature of 40 ± 3 ° C and an antiseptic dressing room (53) provided with disinfecting clothes in the preceding stage. Or the hospital infection prevention ward of 5.   A mat (62) is laid on the floor surface (61) of the washroom (6), the mat (62) has water permeability, has a non-slip surface, and has oxidation resistance. Hydrous water supplied on the mat (62) from the water supply pipe (63) extending on the surface (61) is discharged to the outside through the mat (62) and the drainage groove (64). The hospital ward for preventing hospital infection according to claim 1.   The floor (71) of the hospital room (7) is covered with an oxidation-resistant and non-slip material (72), and the peripheral surface (73) such as a wall surface or a ceiling surface is a flat surface with water resistance, oxidation resistance and non-resistance. 2. The hospital ward for preventing hospital infection according to claim 1, which is composed of a charged substance. It said input Institute patients and the medical personnel of systemic sterilization chamber (17, 18) is dust chamber partitioned to allow sequential communication (171, 181), undressing room (172, 182), bathroom (173, 183) and dressing room ( 174, 184) The hospital ward for hospital infection prevention of Claim 1 comprised. The kitchen and cleaning personnel and the examinee of systemic sterilization chamber (19, 20) is dust chamber partitioned to allow sequential communication (191 and 201), undressing room (192,202), shower (193, 203) and dressing room ( 194, 204). The hospital ward for hospital infection prevention of Claim 1 comprised. The hospitalized patients of the bath room floor (1 7 3) (1 7 5) consists of slip surface and oxidation resistance of the material surface (1 7 6), each tub (1 7 7) 900 10. Nosocomial infection according to claim 9 , filled with ~ 1,100ppm carbonated hot spring water, and depending on the amount of water, 10 ~ 20g sodium hypochlorite is added to reach a final concentration of about 0.1g / L = 100ppm Prevention ward. The medical personnel of the bath chamber (1 8 3) partitioning a front portion (1 8 3a) and rear with different juxtaposed plurality of sterilization pools of intermediate depth (F1, F2, F3) ( 1 8 3b) The hospital ward prevention ward according to claim 9 , wherein the front part (1 8 3a) and the rear part (1 8 3b) are shower rooms.   2. The ward for preventing hospital infection according to claim 1, wherein the mist has a particle size of 4 to 7 μm. The ward for preventing hospital infection according to claim 1 or 13 , wherein hypochlorous acid concentration in the mist is 50 to 300 ppm.

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