JP4877529B2 - Electromagnetic field processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electromagnetic field processing apparatus that is installed in a fluid or water vapor channel of a water treatment facility and that modifies the fluid or gas and prevents or removes the scale attached to the channel.

Conventionally, it is used as a water flow path by calcium and magnesium ions contained in water in facilities that use water (hereinafter referred to as various water treatment facilities) such as water facilities, cooling facilities, humidification facilities, and drainage facilities. In some cases, a scale or a large amount of precipitates is generated on the inner wall of the metal pipe, thereby clogging the pipe. As a means for removing this, for example, a chemical treatment method using a chemical has been developed as a first method. As a second method, a method of physically processing using a permanent magnet that generates a strong fixed magnetic field has been developed. Further, as a third method, a modulation electric field method has been developed in which a coil is wound around a metal pipe serving as a fluid flow path, and an AC signal whose frequency changes (frequency modulation) is applied to the coil for processing (for example, Patent Documents). 1 and non-patent document 1).
Japanese Patent No. 3247842 2005 Tohoku University Doctoral Dissertation Chima Umeki Graduate School of Environmental Sciences, Tohoku University

  However, in the first method of chemical treatment using the above-described chemicals, there is a problem that since a special chemical is used, it is troublesome to put into the pipe and it is not preferable in terms of the environment. The effect of the second method of physical treatment using a permanent magnet that generates a strong fixed magnetic field varies depending on the water quality. For example, the effect is sufficient for Japanese water with a high amount of calcium and silica components. There was a problem such as not. The third method described above has an effect of preventing scale because the interfacial potential of fine particles and electromagnetic substances in water is controlled by an alternating electric field, and also has an effect of preventing scale of not only water but also fluids containing oil and oil components. effective. However, there is a problem in that an AC electric field having a predetermined frequency must be continuously applied to the coil, resulting in an increase in power consumption and insufficient power capacity of an existing water treatment facility or the like.

  In view of such circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic field processing apparatus capable of greatly reducing current consumption in a modulated electric field system.

(1) The present invention that achieves the above object is an electromagnetic wave processing apparatus that is provided in the vicinity of a flow path of a fluid or gas and applies an electromagnetic field to the fluid. Alternatively, a spiral coil, a current generator connected to the coil and energizing an electromagnetic field by passing a current through the coil , a frequency modulator changing the frequency of the current in the current generator, and flowing through the coil An intermittent controller for intermittently controlling the current, and the intermittent controller intermittently turns on / off the carrier generated from the frequency modulator, and the frequency modulator is one of the intermittent controllers. during the period of the on, by providing a plurality of discrete points, characterized Rukoto, discretely varying the frequency.

( 2 ) In the electromagnetic wave processing apparatus that achieves the above object, in the above invention, when the frequency modulator changes the frequency discretely, the frequency modulator varies the frequency based on the discrete point at each discrete point. It is characterized by.

( 3 ) The electromagnetic wave processing apparatus that achieves the above object is characterized in that, in the above invention, the frequency modulator randomly varies the frequency on the basis of the discrete points.

( 4 ) The electromagnetic wave processing apparatus that achieves the above object is characterized in that, in the above invention, the frequency modulator determines the frequency within a predetermined bandwidth based on the discrete points.

( 5 ) In the electromagnetic wave processing device that achieves the above object, in the above invention, the frequency generator determines the frequency within a predetermined bandwidth based on the first set value for determining the discrete point and the discrete point. It has the 2nd setting value.

( 6 ) In the above invention, the electromagnetic wave processing device that achieves the above object is characterized in that the frequency generator includes a programmable counter that determines the frequency by changing a digital signal having an upper bit and a lower bit, and the digital signal A random number generator that inserts a random value into the lower bits, and the frequency generator selects the discrete points by appropriately changing the upper bits, and the random value of the lower bits The final frequency is determined based on discrete points.

( 7 ) The electromagnetic wave processing apparatus that achieves the above object is characterized in that, in the above invention, the frequency modulator changes the frequency so as to be distributed in a plurality of frequency bands.

( 8 ) The electromagnetic wave processing apparatus that achieves the above object is characterized in that, in the above invention, the frequency modulator makes the frequency frequency of the frequency band of 5 KHz to 7 KHz higher than the frequency of other frequencies.

( 9 ) The electromagnetic wave processing apparatus that achieves the above object includes, in the above invention, a flow path detection unit that detects passage of the fluid or gas in the flow path, and the fluid or gas is detected by the flow path detection unit. When this is done, an electromagnetic field is excited by the coil.

( 10 ) In the electromagnetic wave processing apparatus that achieves the above object, in the above invention, the fluid detection means comprises: a detection coil provided in the vicinity of the flow path; and an impedance measurement means for measuring the impedance of the detection coil. And determining whether to excite the electromagnetic field based on the measurement result of the impedance of the detection coil by the impedance measuring means.

( 11 ) In the above invention, the electromagnetic wave processing device that achieves the above object further includes a hydroelectric power generation unit that generates electric power using the water flow of the fluid, and the current generator uses electric power generated by the hydroelectric power generation unit. It is characterized by operating.

( 12 ) In the electromagnetic wave processing apparatus that achieves the above object, in the above invention, the hydroelectric power generation means is installed in the pipe that can constitute a part of the flow path of the fluid, and is rotated in the pipe by the water flow. A water turbine and power generation means for generating electricity by rotation of the water turbine are provided, and the coil is provided on the outer periphery of the pipe.

( 13 ) In the above invention, the electromagnetic wave processing device that achieves the above object includes solar power generation means that generates power using sunlight, and the current generator operates using the power generated by the solar power generation means. It is characterized by doing.

( 14 ) The electromagnetic wave processing apparatus that achieves the above object includes, in the above-described invention, a solar power generation unit that generates power using sunlight, and a monitoring unit that measures the amount of power generated by sunlight by the solar power generation unit, The current generator operates using the electric power generated by the solar power generation means, and the intermittent controller switches whether to control the current intermittently based on the measurement result of the monitoring means. It is characterized by.

  As a result of intensive studies, the present inventor has confirmed that the excitation signal does not always need to be applied, and that a sufficient effect is exhibited even by intermittent application of the signal. Accordingly, in the present invention, means for intermittently exciting the coil is added by intermittently generating the FM modulated signal. By applying these means to, for example, a modulation electric field type scale prevention device used in various water treatment facilities and other facilities that handle various fluids, it is possible to save power without having to change the power supply capacity. Can be achieved. Further, by using power saving, it is possible to effectively utilize hydroelectric power generation using solar power generation or tap water even when used in various water treatment facilities that do not have a power supply function.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it becomes possible to implement | achieve adhesion prevention of scale inside a metal pipe used as a water channel in water treatment equipment, removal, etc. with very low power consumption.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  An electromagnetic field processing apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram of the electromagnetic field processing apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment.

  The electromagnetic field processing apparatus 1 includes an FM modulator 11, a gate circuit 14, a driver circuit 16, and a solenoid-like coil 17 (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as a coil 17). A carrier wave signal 10 and a modulated wave signal 12 are input to the FM modulator 11. A timing control signal 15 is input to the gate circuit 14.

  The carrier wave signal 10 is a rectangular wave-shaped pulse signal, and is a carrier wave input to the FM modulator 11 described later. Needless to say, the waveform of the carrier wave signal 10 is not limited to a rectangular wave, and may be a sine wave or other signal wave.

  The modulated wave signal 12 is a sawtooth signal applied to the FM modulator 11. Needless to say, the waveform shape of the modulated wave signal 12 is not limited to the sawtooth waveform shape, and may be a staircase waveform or any other waveform as long as a necessary frequency transition can be obtained. The FM modulator 11 modulates the period of the carrier signal 10 described above to a predetermined period based on the level of the modulated wave signal 12. As a result, the frequency of the carrier wave signal 10 increases from a low frequency to a high frequency for each cycle of the sawtooth waveform, and then returns to the low frequency.

  The carrier output signal 13 is an output wave signal of the FM modulator 11 obtained by frequency-modulating the carrier signal 10 described above.

  The gate circuit 14 and the timing control signal 15 are intermittent controllers that intermittently control the current flowing through the coil 17, and the input carrier wave output signal 13 is based on the input of a predetermined timing signal (for example, the timing control signal 15). And can be output or stopped.

  The timing control signal 15 is a rectangular pulse signal, but is preferably a sine wave or other waveform. In the present embodiment, the high level of the pulsed timing control signal 15 is turned on and the low level is turned off. Therefore, the gate circuit 14 outputs the carrier wave output signal 13 to the driver 16 side during the high level (ON), and the gate circuit 14 stops the carrier wave output signal 13 during the low level (OFF).

  That is, the carrier wave output signal 13 is output from the gate circuit 14 based on a predetermined timing based on the timing control signal 15.

  The driver circuit 16 is a current generator that excites an electromagnetic field by causing a current to flow through the coil 17. The driver circuit 16 impedance-converts the carrier wave output signal 13 output from the gate circuit 14 based on the input of the timing control signal 15 to generate a predetermined signal. An alternating current is applied to the coil 17.

  The period for opening the gate circuit 14 is determined by the speed (time) at which a fluid such as water passes through the pipe 18 around which the coil 17 is wound. Specifically, the flow rate of water generally used in water treatment facilities or the like is 2 m / sec or less, and the electric field is at least once during the passage of the water through the pipe 18 around which the coil 17 is wound. It is preferable to set the period for opening the gate circuit 14 so that the above is applied.

  For example, if the ON time T1 of the timing control signal 15 shown in the figure is 10 msec and the OFF time T2 is 90 msec, the cycle S of the timing control signal is 100 msec (0.1 sec) and the duty ratio is 10%. . If the length L1 of the solenoid coil 17 is 20 cm (0.2 m) and the flow velocity V of water is L1 / S = 2 m / sec or less, the time for the water to pass through the coil 17 is 100 msec ( 0.1 seconds) or more. Therefore, if the period S is 100 msec (0.1 seconds), one or more electric fields can always be applied to water. Moreover, since the duty ratio is 10%, the power consumption can be significantly reduced as compared with the conventional power consumption. From the above relationship, assuming that the length of the coil 17 is L1, the period for intermittently controlling the coil 17 is S, and the flow rate of the internal fluid / gas is V, L1 / S> = V. It turns out that it is preferable. In this specification, the intermittent energization state of the coil 17 may be referred to as a power saving mode.

  The coil 17 is preferably a spiral coil or the like.

  Next, the electromagnetic field processing apparatus 2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The figure is a schematic system diagram of the electromagnetic field processing apparatus 2 according to the second embodiment.

  The electromagnetic field processing device 2 includes a gate circuit 14, a driver circuit 16, a coil 17, a pipe 18, a timing generator 19, a sawtooth wave generator 20, and a voltage variable oscillator 21.

  In the figure, the gate circuit 14, the timing control signal 15, the driver circuit 16, the coil 17, and the pipe 18 are the gate circuit 14, the timing control signal 15, and the driver described in the electromagnetic field processing device 1 of the first embodiment. Since the functions and applications of the circuit 16, the coil 17, and the pipe 18 are substantially the same, the same numbers are assigned and detailed descriptions of the functions and applications are omitted.

  As shown in the figure, the sawtooth generator 20 is a pulse generator or a signal generator capable of generating a sawtooth signal. Note that the waveform generated by the saw generator 20 is not limited to the saw-tooth waveform, but is preferably a sine waveform, a pulse waveform, or other waveform shapes.

  The voltage variable oscillator 21 is a voltage-frequency conversion device that receives the above-described sawtooth wave signal and performs predetermined frequency modulation based on the voltage of the received sawtooth wave signal. The output signal whose frequency is continuously modulated by the voltage variable oscillator 21 is input to the gate circuit 14 described later.

  The gate circuit 14 receives the output signal from the voltage variable generator 21 described above. The gate circuit 14 intermittently outputs an output signal to the driver circuit 16 based on the timing control signal 15 output from the timing generator 19.

  The output signal intermittently output from the gate circuit 14 undergoes impedance conversion by the driver circuit 16 and then excites the coil 17.

  Note that the signal wave input to the voltage variable oscillator 21 is not limited to the sawtooth wave signal, and as shown in FIG. 3, a wave wave signal 23, a sine wave signal 24, a staircase wave signal 25, or the like. However, it is preferable. In addition, it is not limited to these examples as long as a necessary frequency transition can be obtained, and it is needless to say that any waveform may be used. For example, in the case of the staircase signal 25, the frequency distribution of the output signal of the voltage variable transmitter 21 is a discrete value.

  Next, the electromagnetic field processing apparatus 3 according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The figure is a schematic system diagram of the electromagnetic field processing apparatus 3 according to the third embodiment.

  The electromagnetic field processing device 3 includes a gate circuit 14, a driver circuit 16, a coil 17, a clock signal generator 30, a programmable down counter 31, a control unit 32, and a ½ counter circuit 33.

  In the figure, the gate circuit 14, the timing control signal 15, the driver circuit 16, the solenoid coil 17, and the pipe 18 are the gate circuit 14, the timing control signal 15, and the driver described in the electromagnetic field processing device 1 of the first embodiment. Since the functions and applications of the circuit 16, the coil 17, and the pipe 18 are substantially the same, the same numbers are assigned and detailed descriptions of the functions and applications are omitted.

  The third embodiment is characterized in that the programmable down counter 31 is used to perform frequency conversion in a digital manner and to perform flexible control using digital signals.

  The clock signal generator 30 is a kind of pulse generator that can generate a pulsed clock signal.

  The programmable down counter 31 receives the clock signal output from the clock signal generator 30, and an initial value is set in the register by the control unit 32 and starts down-counting of the register.

  The output signal of the programmable down counter 31 is input to the ½ counter circuit 33. The 1/2 counter circuit 33 is constituted by a delayed type flip-flop circuit, and is configured to shape the waveform so that the duty cycle of the output signal waveform becomes 1/2 (50%). For example, if the frequency of the clock signal generator 30 is f and the value set in the register of the programmable down counter 31 by the control unit 32 is N, the frequency F output from the 1/2 counter circuit 33 is F = f / (N × 2).

  Since the programmable down counter 31 counts down the set value N in a discontinuous manner, the frequency wave number distribution of the output frequency F described above takes a discrete value. In other words, the counter value N, which is a factor for determining the output frequency F, determines a discrete point of the frequency F. The output frequency F can be freely controlled by appropriately executing the program control of the control unit 32.

  Further, the output signal of the 1/2 counter circuit 33 is added to the gate circuit 14 and is intermittently output to the driver circuit 16 by the timing control signal 15 output from the control unit 32. The output signal intermittently output is subjected to impedance conversion by the driver circuit 16 and then energized to the coil 17. As a result, the coil 17 excites an electromagnetic field. Most of the electric power used in the electromagnetic field processing apparatus is consumed by the driver circuit 16, but by controlling the operation of the driver circuit 16 intermittently, the power consumption can be significantly reduced.

  FIG. 7 shows the frequency distribution of the current (signal wave) applied to the coil 17 in the electromagnetic field processing device 3. This figure is a frequency spectrum diagram of a current (signal wave) applied to the coil 17.

  In the figure, the horizontal axis represents the current frequency f, and the vertical axis represents the current amplitude A. As shown in the figure, the frequency distribution of the signal wave is discrete with values of f1 to f6. This is because the counter value N in the programmable down counter 31 repeats six levels. The effect of preventing or removing scale adhesion to the pipe 18 is higher when the discretely output frequency range (bandwidth) is wider.

  Next, the electromagnetic field processing apparatus 4 and the solar power generation system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The figure is a schematic system diagram of the electromagnetic field processing device 4 and the photovoltaic power generation system 100 according to the fourth embodiment. The fourth embodiment is characterized in that it can drive the electromagnetic field processing device 4 that saves power by using the power generated by the solar power generation system 100.

  In the figure, the electromagnetic field processing device 4 has substantially the same functions and uses as those of the electromagnetic field processing device 3 described in the third embodiment. Is omitted.

  The solar power generation system 100 includes a solar cell 110, a battery 120, a voltage monitor 130, and diodes 140 and 142.

  The solar cell 110 is a crystalline silicon type solar cell. Needless to say, the solar cell 110 is not limited to a crystalline silicon solar cell as long as it can generate electric power from sunlight.

  The battery 120 is a power storage device such as a capacitor. Note that the charge control portion of the battery 120 is omitted.

  The voltage monitor 130 is monitoring means in the present invention, and measures the output voltage of the solar cell 110 and monitors the power generation state and the power generation amount. The voltage monitor 130 transmits a monitoring signal indicating the detection state to the control unit 32 of the electromagnetic field processing device 4. Based on the monitoring signal, the control unit 32 transmits the timing control signal 15 so as to continuously control the operation of the driver circuit 16 of the electromagnetic field processing device 3 when the solar cell 110 is sufficiently charged. When the solar cell 110 is not sufficiently charged, the timing control signal 15 is transmitted so as to intermittently control the gate circuit 14. That is, the control unit 32 can switch between intermittent control or continuous flow of the current flowing through the coil 17 based on the detection signal of the voltage monitor 130. Of course, the intermittent ratio can be changed based on the detection signal of the voltage monitor 130 by continuously changing the duty ratio of the timing control signal 15. Specifically, it is preferable to shorten the ON period of the timing control signal 15 when the charge amount is small, and lengthen the ON period when the charge amount is large.

  The diodes 140 and 142 are provided to prevent backflow of the output voltage of the solar battery 110. The output power generated by the solar cell 110 is output from the GND terminal 144 and the power supply terminal 146 and supplied to the power supply line for driving the electromagnetic field processing device 4.

  Therefore, it is determined whether the driver circuit 16 is to be controlled continuously or intermittently according to the power generation amount of the solar battery 110, and when the power generation amount is small, significant power saving is achieved by intermittent control. (Power saving mode).

  Next, the hydraulic power generation system 200 of the electromagnetic field processing apparatus 5 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The figure is a schematic system diagram of a hydroelectric power generation system 200 according to the fifth embodiment. The fifth embodiment is characterized in that a water turbine 220 is provided inside the pipe 210 to save power by using electric power generated by hydroelectric power generation.

  Since the electromagnetic field processing device 5 has the same configuration and function as the electromagnetic field processing device 3 described in the third embodiment, detailed illustration and description are omitted.

  The hydroelectric power generation system 200 includes a pipe 210, a water wheel 220, a generator 230, and a power circuit 240.

  The pipe 210 is a hollow cylindrical pipe member made of metal or resin and serves as a water flow path used in various water treatment facilities. A coil of the electromagnetic field processing device 5 is also wound around the outer periphery of the pipe 210.

  The water wheel 220 is integrally disposed inside the pipe 210 and is configured to rotate by fluid energy of water flowing in the pipe.

  In addition, a generator 230 is connected to the water wheel 220 so that power can be generated from the rotation of the water wheel 220.

  The power supply circuit 240 includes a power storage device such as a battery and a capacitor, and a voltage conversion circuit (not shown) that converts a voltage stored in the power storage device into a DC voltage. The power supply circuit 240 is mechanically and electrically coupled to the generator 230, and stores the power generated by the generator 230 in the above-described power storage device such as a capacitor.

  The power supply circuit 240 includes a power supply terminal 242 and a GND terminal 244, and supplies the DC field voltage from the power supply terminal 242 to the electromagnetic field processing device 5.

  According to the electromagnetic field processing device 5 using the hydroelectric power generation system 200, the water wheel 220 is provided in the pipe 210 in advance, and the coil is wound around the pipe, so that the module including the power source can be modularized. It has been realized. Therefore, it is possible to install the electromagnetic field processing device very simply without replacing the external device such as a power source by replacing / installing the device including the pipe 210 in the necessary flow path. As in the fourth embodiment described above, the hydroelectric power generation system 200 includes a voltage monitor 130, detects the voltage generated by the generator 230, and continuously operates the gate circuit 14 based on the detected voltage. It is preferable to transmit a monitoring signal for determining whether to control or intermittent control to the control unit 32.

  Next, the frequency generation unit 300 of the electromagnetic field processing device 6 according to the sixth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2A is a block diagram of the frequency generation unit 300. This sixth embodiment includes a random number generator 34, generates the frequency of the signal wave output from the programmable down counter 31 discretely, and gives a predetermined bandwidth to the frequency at the discrete points, thereby providing a scale. It is characterized in that the effect of prevention and removal can be improved.

  Specifically, the frequency generator 300 includes a clock signal generator 30, a programmable down counter 31, a controller 32, a ½ counter circuit 33, and a random number generator 34. The clock signal generator 30, the control unit 32, and the 1/2 counter circuit 33 have substantially the same functions and applications as the clock signal generator 30, the control unit 32, and the 1/2 counter circuit 33 described in the third embodiment. Therefore, the same number is attached | subjected and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The clock signal generator 30 transmits a predetermined clock signal to the programmable down counter 31.

  The programmable down counter 31 receives the above-described signal and outputs a predetermined signal to the ½ counter circuit 33. The programmable down counter 31 includes a register, and is configured such that a CPU (not shown) can read and write addresses and the like stored in the register. The signal output from the programmable down counter 31 is determined by the numerical value (address) stored in the above-described register.

  As shown in FIG. 8B, this register is composed of an upper bit and a lower bit, a random numerical value output from the random number generator 45 is set in the lower bit, and a control is set in the upper bit. A set value N transmitted from the unit 32 is set. Further, the programmable down counter 31 counts down the set value N at predetermined intervals for the upper bits, and repeats six types of values from N1, N2,... N6. On the other hand, for the lower bits, a random numerical value is obtained from the random number generator 45 every time in synchronization with the down-count timing of the upper bits. As a result, the programmable down counter 31 sets a frequency value having a predetermined bandwidth, that is, a discrete and random frequency signal based on a predetermined discrete point, by setting a random numerical value in the lower bits of the register. Can be output.

  FIG. 9 is a frequency spectrum diagram of the current applied to the coil. As shown in the figure, the frequency spectrum in the present embodiment has f1 to f6 discrete points by N1 to N6 which are higher bits, and at the discrete points, the random number of the lower bits. It has a bandwidth (W). Thus, the frequency generator has a first set value (here, upper bits) that determines a discrete point and a second set value (here, lower bits) that gives a bandwidth with reference to the discrete point. Thus, a higher effect can be obtained for scale prevention and removal.

  Next, the electromagnetic field processing apparatus 7 according to the seventh embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. This figure is a schematic system diagram of an electromagnetic field processing apparatus 7 according to the seventh embodiment. In the seventh embodiment, a fluid detection coil 45 is wound around the outer periphery of a pipe 18, and a detection circuit 47 for detecting a change in impedance of the fluid detection coil 45 is provided, so that the fluid flows inside the pipe 18. It is characterized in that the current flowing through the coil 17 can be more efficiently controlled based on the detection result of whether or not the current is present.

  In the figure, the gate circuit 14, the timing control signal 15, the driver circuit 16, the coil 17, the pipe 18, the clock signal generator 30, the programmable down counter 31, the control unit 32, and the 1/2 counter circuit 33 are The gate circuit 14, the timing control signal 15, the driver circuit 16, the coil 17, the pipe 18, the clock signal generator 30, the programmable down counter 31, and the control units 32 and 1/2 described in the electromagnetic field processing device 3 of the third embodiment. Since the functions and applications are substantially the same as those of the counter circuit 33, the same numbers are assigned and detailed descriptions of the functions and applications are omitted.

  First, the fluid detection coil 45 is a solenoid coil wound around the outer periphery of the pipe 18. The fluid detection coil 45 is excited by applying a frequency signal having a very short duty ratio (for example, about 1%) to the adjacent coil 17 to generate an electromotive force. To output.

  Furthermore, when a fluid such as water flows through the pipe 18, the fluid detection coil 45 changes its magnetic flux density and impedance. As a result, the value of the current flowing through the fluid detection coil 45 changes.

  The detection circuit 47 is connected to the above-described fluid detection coil 45 and detects the current value of the fluid detection coil 45. Further, the detection circuit 47 detects a change in the current value of the fluid detection coil 45, determines whether or not a fluid such as water is flowing in the pipe 18, and based on the determination result, the control unit 32 determines whether a predetermined value is present. Send a control signal.

  The detection circuit 47 may be configured to directly measure the magnetic flux density of the fluid detection coil 45 instead of the current value of the fluid detection coil 45, or may be configured to directly measure the impedance. preferable. Further, a fluid detection sensor (not shown) may be provided inside the pipe 18 so that the presence or absence of fluid can be detected. When a gas such as water vapor passes through the pipe, the presence or absence of the gas can be detected by a temperature detection sensor or the like.

  When the control unit 32 determines that the fluid is flowing through the pipe 18 based on the control signal described above, a predetermined instruction signal is output so as to output a signal wave to be applied to the coil 17 to the programmable down counter 31. And a timing control signal 15 is transmitted to the gate circuit 14 so that the frequency transmitted from the gate circuit 14 to the driver circuit 16 is controlled to a predetermined duty ratio. For example, when fluid is flowing in the pipe 18, intermittent control (power saving mode) is performed in the gate circuit 14, and continuous control is performed only when liquid is flowing in the pipe 18. Also good. Of course, it is also possible to change the duty ratio of the gate circuit 14.

  By doing in this way, the driver circuit 16 should just excite the coil 17 when the fluid is flowing into the pipe 18, and the power consumption of the electromagnetic field processing apparatus 7 can be reduced significantly.

  <Experimental result>

  Next, experimental results of the electromagnetic field processing apparatus of this example will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 11 is a schematic system diagram in which the experimental apparatus 500 is simplified.

  The experimental apparatus 500 in the present embodiment includes an electromagnetic field processing apparatus 510, a pipe 18, and a container 520 containing a liquid.

  The coil 17 and the pipe 18 of the electromagnetic field processing device 510 have the same functions and applications as those of the coil 17 and the pipe 18 described in the first embodiment. Description is omitted.

  The electromagnetic field processing device 510 can output a predetermined frequency signal by the digital method described in the third embodiment, and has substantially the same functions and applications as the electromagnetic field processing device 3 of the third embodiment. It is.

The container 520 containing a solution is a container in which a solution obtained by suspending CaCo ₃ in a solvent (purified water + electrolytic solution) is placed.

  In this experiment, a container 520 containing a liquid is inserted into the pipe 18 around which the coil 17 is wound, a predetermined frequency signal is applied to the coil 17 by the modulation electric field device 510, and the applied solution is dried and confirmed by an optical microscope. did.

  FIG. 12 is an example of a signal wave applied to the coil 17 in the electromagnetic field processing device 510. This signal wave is a signal wave whose frequency changes stepwise over time (for example, frequency changes from 3,000 Hz to 10,000 Hz), and is sometimes called an FM wave.

  In the figure, the time axis (horizontal axis) is divided into 8 divisions from t1 to t8, and a predetermined frequency (f1 to f8) is associated with this divided time axis between 3,000 Hz and 10,000 Hz. It is. Therefore, there is a step-like frequency fluctuation in which a constant frequency is assigned at every predetermined time interval.

  FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the stepped FM wave explained in FIG. 12 in the upper stage and the timing control signals T1 and T2 explained in the embodiment in the lower stage.

  The timing control signal T1 determines the timing at which a signal wave is output from the gate circuit 14 (applied to the coil 17). Therefore, the time interval t1 to t8 is obtained by dividing the ON time of the output timing T1 into eight. The timing control signal T2 represents a timing at which no signal wave is output from the gate circuit 14 (a current is not applied to the coil 17). Here, the ratio of the timing control signals T1 and T2 was changed to change the duty ratio, and an experiment for confirming the effect of scale prevention and removal was performed.

  First, a solution that has not been subjected to electromagnetic field treatment by the electromagnetic field treatment apparatus 510 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as an untreated sample) was examined. FIG. 14 is an optical micrograph of this untreated sample. This optical micrograph is a photograph taken with an optical microscope 530 of an untreated sample taken on a slide glass and then naturally dried.

  In the untreated sample, it can be seen that many large precipitates 600 are gathered at the water droplet interface 650. It can be seen that the width of the water droplet interface 650 is also large. When the precipitate 600 accumulates and grows, it becomes a scale that clogs the pipe 18 that becomes a water flow path in a water pipe or a water treatment facility.

  Next, the solution was subjected to electromagnetic wave treatment by changing the timing control signals T1 and T2 of the FM wave output from the electromagnetic field processing device 510 in various ways, and the interface state of the solution in the solution-containing container 520 was confirmed by the optical microscope 530. As with the untreated sample, the experiment was confirmed by applying an FM wave of each condition to the coil 17, taking a drop of the solution in the container 520 containing the solution on a slide glass, and taking it with an optical microscope 530. did.

  FIG. 15 is an optical micrograph of the solution when the FM wave timing control signal T1 = 10 msec and T2 = 0 msec (duty ratio 100%). That is, it is the state of the water droplet interface when FM waves are continuously applied to the solenoid coil 17 without turning the timing control signal 15 on and off. It can be seen that the precipitate 600 as shown in FIG. 14 has almost disappeared and the width of the interface is narrow.

  FIG. 16 shows the state of the interface when the timing control signals T1 = 10 msec and T2 = 40 msec (duty ratio 20%). As in the case of FIG. 15 described above, it can be seen that there is almost no precipitate around the interface and the width of the interface is narrow. Therefore, it can be seen that substantially the same effect can be obtained as when the signal wave is continuously applied to the coil 17 (duty ratio 100%).

  FIG. 17 shows the state of the interface when the timing control signals T1 = 10 msec and T2 = 90 msec (duty ratio 10%). As in the case of the duty ratio of 20%, there is no precipitate around the interface, and the width of the interface is narrow. Therefore, it can be seen that substantially the same effect can be obtained as when the signal wave is continuously applied to the coil 17 (duty ratio 100%).

  From the above results, it was not necessary to apply the coil 17 continuously, and it was confirmed that the intermittent application of the signal wave is sufficiently effective as described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 18 is a measurement result of measuring current consumption when applying an FM wave having a duty ratio of 100% (continuous), 20% (intermittent), and 10% (intermittent) to the coil 17 in the experimental example. is there. This measurement was performed by measuring the power consumption of the driver circuit 16 and the control unit 32 at this time, using a current value of about 100 mA (peak value) flowing through the coil 17 and a power supply voltage of DC 5.0V.

  As is apparent from the results, by setting the duty ratio to 20%, the current consumption can be reduced by about 65% compared to the case where the duty ratio is 100%, and by setting the duty ratio to 10%, the duty ratio is 100%. It was found that the current consumption can be reduced by about 75% compared to the case of.

  Note that this current consumption can be further reduced by using a microcomputer instead of the control unit 32 or by lowering the power supply voltage. In this case, it is also possible to operate using electric power generated by solar power generation or hydroelectric power generation.

  As described above, in these embodiments, it is possible to remove or prevent the adhesion of the scale attached to the inside of the pipe 18 serving as a fluid flow path in various apparatuses and facilities that handle fluid. For example, at least one solenoidal or spiral coil 18 is provided on the outer periphery of the pipe 18, and a frequency modulator (for example, FM modulator 11) is connected to the coil 17, so that a predetermined frequency range (for example, 3 to 10 kHz) is obtained. ), The coil is excited by adding the frequency to be modulated, so there is no room for the power capacity of various water treatment facilities, and the design of the power system must be changed to install the scale prevention device by the modulation electric field method. In some cases, or even in cases where it is difficult to use a commercial power supply, such as outdoors, the effect of the power saving function of the present invention is effective in adding a scale prevention device using the modulation electric field method.

  Further, since the intermittent control means (for example, the gate circuit 14) for intermittently controlling the generation of the frequency is provided, the effect of the power saving function of the present invention can be used even when it is difficult to use a commercial power supply outdoors. There is an effect that the scale prevention device by the modulation electric field method can be installed.

  Further, in the present embodiment, since it further includes hydroelectric power generation means (for example, hydroelectric power generation system 200) that generates electric power by using a water flow, power is generated by the hydroelectric power generation means using the water channel to be processed, and this electric power is used. Therefore, the power consumption can be significantly reduced.

  The hydropower generation means includes a water turbine (for example, a water wheel 220) that rotates by a water flow and a power generation means (for example, a power generation device 230) that generates power by rotation of the water wheel, and uses the power generated by the power generation means. Therefore, the power consumption can be significantly reduced.

  Furthermore, since the solar power generation means (for example, the solar power generation system 100) that generates power by sunlight is provided and operated using the power generated by the solar power generation means, power consumption can be significantly reduced. There is an effect.

  The solar power generation means includes monitoring means (for example, a voltage monitor 130) that measures the amount of power generated by sunlight, and when the power generation amount measured by the monitoring means is equal to or less than a predetermined value, the intermittent controller (gate circuit or Since the control unit) intermittently controls this signal output, the power consumption can be further reduced.

  Furthermore, since the frequency modulator is generated by dispersing this frequency in a predetermined frequency band (for example, 3 kHz to 10 kHz), there is an effect that scale can be efficiently prevented and removed. In addition, the frequency modulator discretizes this frequency, and at the same time, sets the frequency with a bandwidth at each discrete point, so the frequency itself spreads (discretization) and various frequencies. Therefore, it is possible to further enhance the scale prevention / removal effect. Specifically, the frequency modulator further includes random number generation means (for example, random number generator 30), and the random number generation means is a lower bit of a program counter (for example, programmable down counter 31) used for frequency control of the frequency modulator. Is determined based on a predetermined random value. As a result, both discretization and band securing can be achieved, and as a whole, a frequency having a predetermined frequency bandwidth (for example, 3 kHz to 10 kHz) can be generated, and scale can be efficiently prevented and removed. There is.

  In particular, since the frequency modulator has a configuration in which the frequency of frequency in the frequency band of 5 KHz to 7 KHz is higher than the frequency of frequency in other frequency bands, there is an effect that scale can be efficiently prevented and removed.

  Furthermore, in these embodiments, impedance measuring means (for example, a detection circuit 47) for measuring the impedance of the coil (for example, the fluid detection coil 45) is provided, and the coil is operated by the frequency modulator based on the measurement result by the impedance measuring means. Therefore, the power consumption can be remarkably reduced.

  Although not particularly shown in the present embodiment, it is preferable to use this electromagnetic field processing apparatus for a server-type automatic beverage supply apparatus. For example, in a configuration comprising a drinking water storage tank for storing drinking water, a drinking water outlet pipe for extracting drinking water from the drinking water storage tank, and an open valve for supplying drinking water from the drinking water outlet pipe The electromagnetic field treatment device is installed in the drinking water outlet pipe. As a result, there is an effect that it is possible to efficiently prevent and remove the scale of the pipe that becomes the liquid flow path used in the server type automatic beverage supply apparatus.

  Further, although not particularly illustrated in the present embodiment, it is preferable to use this electromagnetic field processing device for a humidifying device. For example, in the case of a configuration including a storage tank that stores water for humidification, and a water vapor generation unit that converts water stored in the storage tank into water vapor, an electromagnetic field is connected to a pipe that connects the storage tank and the water vapor generation unit. Install processing equipment. As a result, there is an effect that the scale of the pipe serving as the liquid flow path used in the humidifier can be efficiently prevented and removed.

  Further, although not particularly illustrated in the present embodiment, it is preferable to use this electromagnetic field processing device for a cutting oil supply device. For example, a configuration comprising a cutting oil storage tank for storing cutting oil, a cutting oil deriving unit for deriving cutting oil from the cutting oil storage tank, and a supply nozzle for supplying the cutting oil derived by the cutting oil deriving unit At this time, an electromagnetic field processing device is installed in the cutting oil lead-out means. As a result, there is an effect that it is possible to efficiently prevent and remove the scale of the pipe that becomes the flow path of the cutting oil used in the cutting oil supply apparatus.

  Tap water supply equipment, water treatment equipment, cooling equipment for air conditioning equipment, humidifiers, server-type beverage vending machines, cutting oil supply equipment for cutting machines, scales inside pipes that serve as water channels for water and other liquids It can be widely used in the field of electromagnetic field treatment devices for preventing and removing adhesion.

1 is a schematic system diagram of an electromagnetic field processing apparatus 1 according to a first embodiment. It is a schematic system diagram of the electromagnetic field processing apparatus 2 according to the second embodiment. 2 is an example of a signal wave input to a voltage variable transmitter 21. It is a schematic system diagram of the electromagnetic field processing apparatus 3 according to the third embodiment. It is a schematic system diagram of the electromagnetic field processing apparatus 4 which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is a schematic system diagram of the hydroelectric power generation system 200 according to the fifth embodiment. 3 is a frequency spectrum diagram of a signal wave applied to a coil 17. FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a frequency generation unit 300. FIG. 4 is a frequency spectrum diagram of a signal output from a programmable down counter 31. FIG. It is a schematic system figure of the electromagnetic field processing apparatus 7 which concerns on 7th Embodiment. It is the schematic system diagram which simplified the experimental apparatus 500. 3 is an example of a signal wave that is output from the modulation electric field device 510 and applied to the solenoid coil 17; It is the figure which showed the timing control signal 15 demonstrated in the above-mentioned Example with the FM wave of FIG. 11 in the lower stage. It is a microscope picture of the solution which is not processed by the modulation electric field processing apparatus 510. FIG. 6 is a micrograph of a solution when an FM wave timing control signal T1 = 10 msec and T2 = 0 msec with a duty ratio of 100%. This is the state of the interface when the timing control signal T1 = 10 msec and T2 = 40 msec (duty ratio 20%). This is the interface state when the timing control signal T1 = 10 msec and T2 = 90 msec (duty ratio 10%). It is a measurement result of current consumption when FM waves having a duty ratio of 100%, 20%, and 10% are applied to the solenoid coil 17.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electromagnetic field processing apparatus 11 FM modulator 12 Saw signal wave 13 Output carrier signal 14 Gate circuit 15 Timing control signal 15
16 Driver Circuit 17 Solenoid Coil 18 Pipe 30 Clock Signal Generator 31 Programmable Down Counter 32 Control Unit 33 1/2 Counter Circuit

Claims (14)

An electromagnetic wave processing apparatus that is provided in the vicinity of a fluid or gas flow path and applies an electromagnetic field to the fluid,
At least one solenoidal or spiral coil provided on the outer periphery of the flow path;
A current generator connected to the coil and energizing the electromagnetic field by passing a current through the coil;
A frequency modulator that changes the frequency of the current in the current generator;
An intermittent controller for intermittently controlling the current flowing through the coil ,
The intermittent controller intermittently turns on / off the carrier generated from the frequency modulator,
It said frequency modulator, during the period of one of the on by the intermittent controller, by providing a plurality of discrete points, electromagnetic field treatment apparatus according to claim Rukoto, discretely varying the frequency. The frequency modulator varies the frequency based on the discrete point at each discrete point when the frequency is changed discretely,
The electromagnetic field processing apparatus according to claim 1 . The frequency modulator varies the frequency randomly with reference to the discrete points,
The electromagnetic field processing apparatus according to claim 2 . The frequency modulator determines the frequency within a predetermined bandwidth based on the discrete points,
The electromagnetic field processing apparatus according to claim 2 or 3 . The frequency generator has a first setting value for determining the discrete point and a second setting value for determining the frequency within a predetermined bandwidth based on the discrete point,
The electromagnetic field processing apparatus according to claim 4 . The frequency generator is
A programmable counter that determines the frequency by changing a digital signal having upper and lower bits;
A random number generator that inserts a random value into the lower bits of the digital signal,
The frequency generator selects the discrete points by appropriately changing the upper bits, and determines the final frequency based on the discrete points based on the random values of the lower bits. To
Electromagnetic field treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 5. The frequency modulator changes the frequency so as to be distributed in a plurality of frequency bands.
Electromagnetic field treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6. The frequency modulator is characterized in that the frequency of frequency in the frequency band of 5 KHz to 7 KHz is made higher than the frequency of other frequencies.
Electromagnetic field treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7. A flow path detecting means for detecting passage of fluid or gas in the flow path,
When the fluid or gas is detected by the flow path detecting means, an electromagnetic field is excited by the coil,
Electromagnetic field treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8. The fluid detection means includes
A detection coil provided in the vicinity of the flow path;
Impedance measuring means for measuring the impedance of the detection coil, and
Whether to excite the electromagnetic field based on the measurement result of the impedance of the detection coil by the impedance measuring means,
The electromagnetic field processing apparatus according to claim 9 . Further comprising hydroelectric power generation means for generating electricity by the fluid flow of the fluid,
The current generator is operated by using electric power generated by the hydroelectric power generation means,
Electromagnetic field treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10. The hydroelectric power generation means includes:
A pipe capable of constituting a part of the fluid flow path;
A water wheel installed in the pipe and rotated by the water flow;
Power generation means for generating power by rotation of the water wheel;
With
The coil is provided on the outer periphery of the pipe,
The electromagnetic field processing apparatus according to claim 11 . Equipped with solar power generation means to generate electricity by sunlight,
The current generator is operated using the power generated by the solar power generation means,
Electromagnetic field treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 12. Solar power generation means for generating electricity by sunlight,
Monitoring means for measuring the amount of power generated by sunlight by the solar power generation means,
The current generator operates using the power generated by the solar power generation means,
The intermittent controller switches whether to intermittently control the current based on the measurement result of the monitoring means,
The electromagnetic field processing apparatus according to claim 1 .