JP4757408B2

JP4757408B2 - Coke furnace bottom irregularity measuring device, furnace bottom repair method and repair device

Info

Publication number: JP4757408B2
Application number: JP2001227922A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 正彦横溝
Original assignee: Nippon Steel Corp
Current assignee: Nippon Steel Corp
Priority date: 2001-07-27
Filing date: 2001-07-27
Publication date: 2011-08-24
Anticipated expiration: 2021-07-27
Also published as: JP2003041258A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、コークス炉炭化室内の炉底煉瓦の凹凸を測定する装置、及び該凹凸測定装置による測定結果に基づいてコークス炉炉底を補修する方法に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
コークス炉は、多数の炭化室と燃焼室が交互に連接して構成され、炭化室に石炭を装入し、炉壁を介して燃焼室より炭化室に９００℃〜１１００℃の高熱を約２０時間連続して加え、石炭を乾溜し、コークスを製造する。この乾留が完了すると、コークスを排出し、そして石炭を装入してまた加熱を開始する。
【０００３】
各炭化室は、高さが約６．５ｍ、幅が約０．４ｍ、長さが約１６ｍであり、非常に幅が狭く奥行きが深い（長さが長い）炉空間を形成している。炭化室の炉底及び内壁は耐火レンガで構成されている。炭化室炉底に使用される耐火レンガは、長期間高温に曝され、又石炭のコークス化が完了する度にコークス押出機によってコークスを押し出して搬出するため、耐火物がコークスの圧力を受け、熱的、化学的、あるいは機械的なストレスにより損傷しやすい。すなわち、炉底煉瓦の目地切れ、レンガ亀裂、剥離、カーボン付着、あるいは底面の凹凸等を招きやすい。損傷部はコークス押し出し時に局部的に過大な力が加わって更に損傷が拡大しやすくなる。
【０００４】
炭化室炉壁煉瓦が損傷した場合には、損傷が軽微であれば損傷部に不定形耐火物を充填し、損傷が進行した場合には該損傷した煉瓦を交換して補修することができる。しかし、炉底煉瓦が損傷した場合においては、煉瓦を交換して補修することは困難であるため、炉底煉瓦が致命的な損傷を受ける前に損傷部を適切に補修する必要がある。
【０００５】
炉底煉瓦損傷部の補修方法としては、損傷によって発生した凹部に不定形耐火物を充填し、あるいは耐火物を溶射して埋めることによって補修を行なう。この場合において、炉底煉瓦の損傷の発見と位置把握が必要となる。このため、炭化室内が赤熱している状況において、炉底の全表面について必要な解像度で表面を観察し、損傷を発見して位置を把握することが重要である。
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
操業の合間の短時間を利用してコークス炉窯口から炉底を観察する方法では、炉内が高温であるので窯口の外から内部を観察せざるをえず、底面の凹凸を正確に観察することは非常に難しい。
【０００７】
また、コークス押し出し後の炭化室炉底にはコークス粉が堆積しており、炉底煉瓦損傷部の凹部には特に該コークス粉が堆積しているため、炉底煉瓦の凹凸の観察を困難にしている。
【０００８】
本発明は、操業の合間の短時間を利用して、赤熱するコークス炉炭化室内炉底煉瓦の凹凸を測定する測定装置、該測定結果に基づいてコークス炉炉底を補修する方法及び補修装置を提供することを目的とする。
【０００９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
即ち、本発明の要旨とするところは以下の通りである。
（１）コークス炉炉底の凹凸を測定するための装置であって、コークス押出機１０の押出ラム１１又は移動式炉内診断装置１２に配置され、炉底煉瓦２３に堆積する堆積物を除去するためのスクレーパ２及びそれとシューとの間に炉底煉瓦表面との距離を測定する非接触式距離計３とを有し、スクレーパ２は気体噴射式スクレーパ２ａ又はそれと機械式スクレーパ２ｂの両方であって、気体噴射式スクレーパ２ａは気体として空気又は窒素を用い、空気を用いる場合においては直径５０ｍｍφ〜７５ｍｍφのパイプに斜め下方向きに設けた小孔から２〜５ｋｇ／ｃｍ ² の圧力で空気を吹出し、前記ラム１１又は移動式炉内診断装置１２の移動にあわせて炉底部の凹凸を測定することを特徴とするコークス炉炉底凹凸測定装置。
（２）非接触式距離計３を複数有し、該距離計を炭化室幅方向に複数配置することを特徴とする上記（１）に記載のコークス炉炉底凹凸測定装置。
（３）非接触式距離計３は、押出ラム１１又は移動式炉内診断装置１２の移動に合わせて炉底の測定点を炭化室幅方向に走査して炉底部の凹凸を測定することを特徴とする上記（１）又は（２）に記載のコークス炉炉底凹凸測定装置。
（４）非接触式距離計３は、３０ｋＷ以上の出力を有する特定波長レーザー発信機と乱反射光を特定の角度で捉える検知機とを備え、煉瓦の自発光に影響されずに炉底部の凹凸を測定することを特徴とする上記（１）乃至（３）のいずれかに記載のコークス炉炉底凹凸測定装置。
（５）上記（１）乃至（４）のいずれかに記載のコークス炉炉底凹凸測定装置を用いてコークス炉炉底煉瓦の炉底までの距離を計測し、該計測した炉底までの距離と、予め想定しておいた距離との差異をほぼ連続的に求め、その差異を基にして補修方法を選定することを特徴とするコークス炉炉底補修方法。
（６）上記（１）乃至（４）のいずれかに記載のコークス炉炉底凹凸測定装置を用いてコークス炉炉底煉瓦の炉底までの距離を計測し、該計測した炉底までの距離を既に測定した数値との比較し、各位置での周囲との相対凸部高さ又は相対凹部深さを検知し、補修方法を選定することを特徴とするコークス炉炉底補修方法。
（７）上記（１）乃至（４）のいずれかに記載のコークス炉炉底凹凸測定装置を用いてコークス炉炉底煉瓦の凹凸を測定し、該測定した凹凸に基づいて炉底煉瓦各部位に充填すべきモルタル量を定め、該定めた量のモルタルを炉底煉瓦各部位に充填し、充填後１時間以上にわたって炭化室を空窯にしてモルタルを焼成することにより炉底を平滑化することを特徴とするコークス炉炉底補修方法。
（８）上記（１）乃至（４）のいずれかに記載のコークス炉炉底凹凸測定装置を用いてコークス炉炉底煉瓦の凹凸を測定し、該測定した炉底凹凸情報に基づいて、凸部を切削する部位及び／又は量を決め炉底を平滑化することを特徴とするコークス炉炉底補修方法。
（９）上記（１）乃至（４）のいずれかに記載のコークス炉炉底凹凸測定装置と、該炉底凹凸測定装置によって測定した炉底凹凸情報に基づいて炉底各部に充填するモルタル充填量を算出する充填量演算装置４と、該算出結果に基づいて炉底煉瓦にモルタルをモルタル粉としてあるいはスラリー状耐火物として流し込むための流し込み装置５とを有し、押出ラム１１又は移動式炉内診断装置１２を移動させながら炉底各部の煉瓦損傷部にモルタルを充填させることを特徴とするコークス炉炉底補修装置。
（１０）上記（１）乃至（４）のいずれかに記載のコークス炉炉底凹凸測定装置と、炉底凹凸測定装置を用いて測定した炉底凹凸情報に基づいて凸部を切削する凸部切削装置６を有することを特徴とするコークス炉炉底補修装置。
【００１０】
【発明の実施の形態】
室炉式コークス炉においては、各炭化室２１で乾留が完了したコークスをコークサイドの窯口から炭化室外に押し出すため、図１（ａ）に示すような押出ラム１１を有している。押出ラム１１は、炭化室２１の押出機側の窯口から炭化室内に挿入され、炭化室内のコークスは押出ラム１１に押されてコークサイドの窯口から押し出される。押出ラムの先端部の下部には橇又は車輪（これを総称してシュー１３と言う）を有し、シュー１３を炭化室炉底２２に接触させながら炭化室内を移動する。
【００１１】
また、特開平１１−１０６７５５号公報に開示されているように、赤熱する炭化室内に挿入して炭化室内壁をカメラにより観察する移動式炉内診断装置１２が知られている。炭化室内壁観察装置１２も、図１（ｂ）に示すように押出ラムと同じように診断装置先端部の下部に車輪又は橇からなるシュー１３を有し、シュー１３を炭化室炉底２２に接触させながら炭化室内を移動することができる。
【００１２】
本発明の炉底凹凸測定装置１は、上記押出ラム１１あるいは移動式炉内診断装置１２の先端部近傍であって炉底に近接する部分に配置される。
【００１３】
本発明の炉底凹凸測定装置１は、非接触式距離計３を有する。押出ラム１１あるいは移動式炉内診断装置１２の先端部に近くであって炉底２２に近接する部分に配置された該非接触式距離計３は、図２（ａ）に示すように光軸８を距離計３の一定の方向、例えば鉛直下方に向け、炉底２２表面までの距離を測定することができる。また、該一定の方向は可変とすることができ、一定の周期により一定の角度範囲で炭化室幅方向に走査するように調整すれば、炭化室幅方向の所定の長さ範囲について炉底煉瓦表面の測定点を走査し、距離計と炉底表面との間の距離情報を得ることができる。非接触式距離計３としては、マイクロ波やレーザーを用いた方法を用いることができ、そのうちでも温度影響が少なく精度的にも高いレーザー式距離計を用いると好ましい。非接触式距離計で距離計と炉底表面との距離を測定しつつ前記押出ラム又は移動式炉内診断装置を炭化室長手方向に移動することにより、炉底煉瓦表面の凹凸を測定することができる。
【００１４】
乾留したコークスを押し出した後の空炉状態の炭化室２１の炉底２２には、前記したように粉コークスが堆積しているため、このままでは炉底煉瓦の凹凸を非接触距離計３によって測定することができない。本発明の炉底凹凸測定装置は気体噴射式スクレーパ２ａ又は機械式スクレーパ２ｂ若しくはその両方を有する。気体噴射式スクレーパ２ａは図２（ａ）に示すように炉底煉瓦に空気を吹き付け、これによって炉底煉瓦に堆積する堆積物を除去する。凹凸測定時の押出ラム１１又は移動式炉内診断装置１２の進行方向に対し、気体噴射式スクレーパ２ａを非接触式距離計３よりも進行方向前方に配置する。これにより、押出ラム１１又は移動式炉内診断装置１２を進行させつつ気体噴射式スクレーパ２ａによって炉底煉瓦に堆積する堆積物を排除し、非接触式距離計３は該堆積物が排除された炉底部位との間の距離を測定するため、炉底堆積物の影響を受けずに測定を行なうことが可能になる。
【００１５】
気体噴射式スクレーパ２ａは、空気や窒素のような気体１８を噴射する。空気を使用すると最も安価にスクレーパとすることができる。ただし、空気を噴射すると付着カーボンを燃焼除去する作用を有するため、炉底煉瓦の目地切れ部を塞いでいるカーボンを除去してしまうという不都合が生じるときがある。このような場合は、噴射する気体として窒素等の非酸化性ガスを使用すると良い。噴射気体として空気を用いる場合、ラムビーム内に直径50mmφ〜75mmφの空気配管を通し、ラムヘッド先端部最下部に炭化室幅方向に数個の斜め下方向きの小孔を設け、その小孔から２〜5Kg/cm²の圧力を有する空気を吹出し、炉底部に残るコークス塊を吹き飛ばす。コークス押出時に前方に吹き飛ばし、塊コークスと共に受骸バケットに落下させ、レーザー距離計による炉底部凹凸測定の外乱とならないようにするものである。
【００１６】
炉底堆積物の堆積量が多い場合には、上記気体噴射式スクレーパ２ａのみでは十分に該堆積物を除去できない場合がある。本発明においては、図２（ａ）に示すように、気体噴射式スクレーパ２ａに合せて機械式スクレーパ２ｂを用いることにより、炉底堆積物の堆積量が多い場合においても十分に堆積物を除去することが可能になる。
【００１７】
機械的スクレーパ２ｂとして、針金製たわし状スクレーパや傘型プレートが有効である。炉底煉瓦を傷めずに残コークスを除去できる方法としてラムヘッド又は移動式炉内診断装置の先端に近い位置最下部に針金製たわし状スクレーパを設置する方法が望ましい。
【００１９】
本発明の炉底凹凸測定装置においては、複数の非接触式距離計３を炭化室幅方向に分散して配置することができる。炉底凹凸測定装置を炭化室長手方向に移動しつつ距離測定を行なうことにより、各非接触式距離計にて炉底長手方向の凹凸情報を得ることができ、更に炉底幅方向に分散して配置した複数の非接触距離計の測定結果を総合することにより、炉底の長手方向及び幅方向を総合した面情報としての凹凸情報を得ることができる。図３に示す形態においては、距離計ボックス７の内部に３台の非接触式距離計（３ａ〜３ｃ）を配置、その結果炉底の幅方向３個所の距離計測定点９の測定を同時に行うことができる。
【００２０】
本発明の炉底凹凸測定装置においては、図４に示すように、押出ラム又は移動式炉内診断装置の移動にあわせて非接触式距離計３を移動することにより、炉底の測定点を炭化室幅方向に走査して炉底部の凹凸を測定することができ、１台の非接触式距離計３の測定結果から炉底の長手方向及び幅方向を総合した面情報としての凹凸情報を得ることができる。図４に示す形態においては、非接触式距離計３は３ａの位置と３ｂの位置との間を往復移動する。更にこのような走査機能を有する非接触式距離計を炭化室幅方向に複数配置すれば、１台あたりの非接触距離計の走査範囲が狭くても、炉底煉瓦幅全範囲について凹凸情報を得ることが可能になる。
【００２１】
非接触式距離計３は通常光学的手段によって距離を測定する。一方、赤熱する炭化室炉底煉瓦は自発光光を有するため、該自発光光が距離測定のノイズとなり、正確に距離が測定できない場合がある。本発明においては、非接触式距離計は、３０ｋＷ以上の出力を有する特定波長レーザー発信機と乱反射光を特定の角度で捉える検知機とを備えることにより、煉瓦の自発光に影響されずに炉底部の凹凸を測定することが可能になる。特定波長としてはＧａＡｓを用いた波長７８０ｎｍのレーザー発信機が好ましい。波長７８０ｎｍが好ましい理由は、高温煉瓦の自発光波長分布に対して比較的分離して検知し易いこと、GaAsレーザーは一般的に市販され入手し易いからである。また出力を３０ｋＷ以上とすれば、自発光に対してエネルギー強度が高く周囲から入射する外乱光に対して反射光を検知しやすいという理由により有効である。
【００２２】
以上に述べた炉底凹凸測定装置を用いた測定を行なった結果、炉底煉瓦の損傷による凹凸情報が得られる。次いで、該測定した凹凸に基づいて炉底煉瓦損傷部の補修を行うことができる。
【００２３】
本発明において、計測した炉底までの距離と、予め想定しておいた距離との差異をほぼ連続的に求め、その差異を基にして補修方法を選定すると好ましい。差異が広範囲にわたりかつ損傷が深い場合であれば補修方法として当該炭化室近傍の数窯の操業を停止し熱間積み替えを選択し、差異つまり損傷が浅く狭い場合は補修方法として溶射補修やドライモルタルを流し粘着させる方法を選択すると良い。熱間積み替え補修はコークス炉体の温度を一時的に下げるため周辺部位の損傷につながるから、できるだけ溶射やモルタル流し込みで対処したいところである。
【００２４】
本発明においてはまた、計測した炉底までの距離を既に測定した数値と比較し、各位置での周囲との相対凸部高さ又は相対凹部深さを検知し、補修方法を選定すると好ましい。検知した相対凸部高さ又は相対凹部深さが増大して許容範囲を超えていれば切削またはモルタル流し込みや溶射を選択し、相対凸部高さ又は相対凹部深さが許容範囲内であれば時系列管理データとして保存すると良い。通常その判断基準は凹凸で２０ｍｍ、炉長方向長さで５０ｍｍ以上とするのが適当である。
【００２５】
本発明においてはまた、測定した凹凸に基づいて炉底煉瓦各部位に充填すべきモルタル量を定め、該定めた量のモルタルを炉底煉瓦各部位に充填し、充填後１時間以上にわたって炭化室を空窯にしてモルタルを焼成することにより炉底を平滑化することができる。凹部の深さに応じモルタルを該凹部を充填するに足りるだけ供給し、凹部に充填する。その結果、モルタル充填後のモルタル表面高さは、損傷前の煉瓦表面高さに等しい高さで平滑化することができる。充填後１時間以上にわたって炭化室を空窯にしてモルタルを焼成することにより該モルタル層は所定の強度を得ることができ、装入炭を装入して乾留を開始することが可能になる。
【００２６】
また、本発明の炉底補修装置は、図２（ａ）に示すように、以上に述べた炉底凹凸測定装置１と、炉底凹凸測定装置１によって測定した炉底凹凸情報に基づいて炉底各部に充填するモルタル充填量を算出する充填量演算装置４と、該算出結果に基づいて炉底煉瓦にモルタルをモルタル粉としてあるいはスラリー状耐火物として流し込むための流し込み装置５とを有する。流し込み装置５のノズル５ｄは炉底凹凸測定装置とともに押出ラム又は移動式炉内診断装置の先端部に配置することができる。
【００２７】
まず最初に、押出ラム又は移動式炉内診断装置を炭化室内で移動しつつ炉底凹凸測定装置１によって炉底の凹凸を測定する。次いで、充填量演算装置４により、該測定した炉底凹凸情報に基づいて炉底各部に充填するモルタル充填量を算出する。モルタル充填量は、充填後にモルタル表面高さが損傷前の煉瓦表面高さに等しい高さとなるように算出する。通常は、炉底煉瓦単位表面積当たりに流し込むモルタル量が、該流し込み部位の凹部深さに比例するようにモルタル充填量を算出すれば、充填後の炉底煉瓦表面を平滑化することができる。その後、押出ラム又は移動式炉内診断装置を炭化室内で移動しつつ流し込み装置５から前記算出したモルタル充填量に基づいて炉底各部位にモルタルを流し込む。
【００２８】
最初に炉底凹凸測定装置によって炉底の凹凸を測定する際に、気体噴射式スクレーパ２ａ、更に必要に応じて機械式スクレーパ２ｂを用いて炉底の堆積物を除去しているので、通常はモルタル流し込み時に再度堆積物を除去する必要はない。ただし、炉底凹凸測定装置１による測定後に新たに堆積物が堆積した場合には、再度気体噴射式スクレーパ２ａ、更に必要に応じて機械式スクレーパ２ｂを用いて炉底の堆積物を除去しながら押出ラム又は移動式炉内診断装置の移動を行ない、該移動とともに流し込み装置５から炉底各部位にモルタルを流し込むことが好適である。
【００２９】
モルタルの流し込み装置５は、流し込み装置本体即ちモルタルタンク５ａ、搬送用ガス供給ファン５ｂ又は加圧ガス、炉底の凹凸からモルタル供給量を演算する充填量演算装置４は炭化室外部に設置し、ラムビーム１４又は移動式診断装置１２の水平ランス１６を貫通し粉体供給配管５ｃを内蔵し、底煉瓦凹凸を測定する距離計３の後方に炉底近傍に粉体を供給できるノズル５ｄを下向きに設置する。また、その近傍には高速回転式カッターを有する凸部切削装置６を設け、カーボン付着やAsh分のクリンカ、周囲の煉瓦面に比較して凸の著しい部位を研磨できるようにしておくことが有効である。凹みの大きい部位には多めのモルタルを供給し、凸部が著しい部位は研削することにより、炉底の平滑が得られる。本発明のコークス炉炉底凹凸測定装置１を用いてコークス炉炉底煉瓦の凹凸を測定し、該測定した炉底凹凸情報に基づいて、凸部を切削する部位及び／又は量を決め、凸部切削装置６を用いて炉底を平滑化する。
【００３０】
【実施例】
実施例１
図１（ａ）、図２（ａ）に示すように、老朽化して押出負荷が高まってきたコークス炉の炉底の影響を排除するため、本発明の装置を適用した。炭化室幅は押出機側400mm、コークサイド側460ｍｍ，炭化室奥行き（通常、炉長という）１５ｍ、炉敷煉瓦はタイル状の300mm×400mm×厚さ100mmの珪石煉瓦が敷かれている。炉底の凹凸測定機を押出機１０のラムヘッド１４の後方でラムシュー１３との中間に設置した。モルタル塗布装置５も非接触式距離計３の後方に着脱可能とし、更に凸部切削装置６も着脱可能な構造とした。
【００３１】
凹凸測定装置のスクレーパ２として、気体噴射式スクレーパ２ａと機械式スクレーパ２ｂとを併用した。気体噴射式スクレーパ２ａは噴射気体として空気を用い、ラムビーム内に直径75mmφの空気配管を通し、ラムヘッド先端部最下部に炭化室幅方向に数個の斜め下方向きの小孔を設け、その小孔から２〜5Kg/cm²の圧力を有する空気を吹出し、炉底部に残るコークス塊を吹き飛ばす。機械的スクレーパ２ｂとして、気体噴射式スクレーパ２ａの後方のラムヘッド１５の先端に近い位置最下部に針金製たわし状スクレーパを設置した。
【００３２】
凹凸測定装置の非接触式距離計３は、上記スクレーパ２の後方に配置される外郭に水流を構成する幅300mm長さ450mm高さ300mmの距離計ボックス７に格納され、レーザー光を発し、反射してくるレーザー光を検出できる窓を下向きに3個窯幅方向に横並びで備えている。コークスを押出す時ラムが炉長方向に挿入される際に、400mm幅に3点、奥行き15mにわたり底煉瓦の凹凸がほぼ連続的に測定できるものとし、そのデータは記録できるように距離計ボックス７内にメモリーを搭載して距離計の数値及び予め想定した炉底までの距離との差異を記録できるようにした。測定した距離計の数値は予め想定した炉底レベルと比較し、各位置の凹凸を各位置毎に算出し、10mm以上差異の有る部分は、リスト出力できるものとした。
【００３３】
本装置で炉底凹凸を計測した結果、最大25mm凹みが5箇所検出された。そこで、本計測装置の後方に窯幅方向に６個の小孔を配するモルタル散布ノズル５ｄをとりつけ、ラムビーム１４から粉体供給配管５ｃを通してモルタル粉を供給できるようにし、凹凸計測器（予め想定したレベルとの差異演算及びモルタル散布量の演算機能含む）からの情報を基に炉長方向に挿入しながらモルタル塗布を行った。また、その際に凸部を切削できるように回転刃を備えた凸部切削装置６をモルタル散布ノズル５ｄの後方に設置した。他の窯での試験において、炭化室中央部のレベルが30mm凹んでいる部位において長さ100mmにわたって損耗の少ない部位が発見されたため、押出時の抵抗を少なくする目的で、本切削装置にて10mm程度削って平滑化した。
【００３４】
実施例２
次に炭化室移動式炉内診断装置１１を用いて炉底凹凸を計測することにした。炭化室診断装置の構造は概略図１（ｂ）のようになっている。診断装置は内管と外管とからなる二重管で、内管と外管との間のスペースが冷却水を通す水冷ジャケットとなっている。冷却水は水平ランス１６ａから垂直ランス１７ａ、垂直ランス１７ｂ、水平ランス１６ｂと通過する。炉壁の診断装置は垂直ランス１７ａ内に格納されている。
【００３５】
スクレーパとして図１（ｂ）に示すように気体噴射式スクレーパ２ａのみを用いた。気体噴射式スクレーパ２ａは上記実施例１と同等のものである。非接触式距離計３として、水平ランス１６ａの中にレーザー距離計を設置した。この実施例においては測定位置を窯幅方向は２点のみとし、長手方向ではシュー１３の中間位置に設置した。本装置が炭化室内に挿入されると同時にレーザー距離計を作動させ、炉底の幅方向の中心近傍2点を奥行き１５ｍに亘り測定した。
【００３６】
その結果、炉底の凹凸は図５のように検出された。炉底煉瓦２３における凸部２４の高さｈ、凹部２５の深さを測定することができた。図５においてａはランスを挿入する際、ある距離以上挿入した時点で片持ち状態から先端部シューが炉底煉瓦に接地した動きを示している。
【００３７】
【発明の効果】
本発明の炉底凹凸測定装置は、押出ラム又は移動式炉内診断装置を進行させつつ気体噴射式スクレーパ、更に機械式スクレーパやシューによって炉底煉瓦に堆積する堆積物を排除し、非接触式距離計は該堆積物が排除された炉底部位との間の距離を測定するため、炉底堆積物の影響を受けずに測定を行なうことができる。
【００３８】
本発明の炉底凹凸測定装置は、複数の非接触式距離計を炭化室幅方向に分散して配置し、更に炉底の測定点を炭化室幅方向に走査して炉底部の凹凸を測定することにより、炉底の長手方向及び幅方向を総合した面情報としての凹凸情報を得ることができる。
【００３９】
本発明の炉底凹凸測定装置の非接触式距離計は、３０ｋＷ以上の出力を有する特定波長レーザー発信機と乱反射光を特定の角度で捉える検知機とを備えることにより、煉瓦の自発光に影響されずに炉底部の凹凸を測定することが可能になる。
【００４０】
本発明においては、上記炉底凹凸測定装置によって測定した凹凸に基づいて炉底煉瓦各部位に充填すべきモルタル量を定め、該定めた量のモルタルを炉底煉瓦各部位に充填し、充填後１時間以上にわたって炭化室を空窯にしてモルタルを焼成することにより炉底を平滑化することができる。また、凸部に対しては切削することもできる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】コークス炉内に配置した本発明の炉底凹凸測定装置を示す図であり、（ａ）は押出ラムに設置した例、（ｂ）は移動式炉内診断装置に設置した例を示す図である。
【図２】本発明の炉底凹凸測定装置及び補修装置を示す図であり、（ａ）はスクレーパを配置した例、（ｂ）はスクレーパを配置しない例である。
【図３】本発明の複数の非接触式距離計を有する炉底凹凸測定装置を示す斜視図である。
【図４】本発明の非接触式距離計を走査させる炉底凹凸測定装置を示す図である。
【図５】本発明の炉底凹凸測定結果を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
１炉底凹凸測定装置
２スクレーパ
２ａ気体噴射式スクレーパ
２ｂ機械式スクレーパ
３非接触式距離計
４充填量演算装置
５流し込み装置
５ａモルタルタンク
５ｂ搬送用ガス供給ファン
５ｃ粉体供給配管
５ｄノズル
６凸部切削装置
７距離計ボックス
８距離計光軸
９距離計測定点
１０コークス押出機
１１押出ラム
１２移動式炉内診断装置
１３シュー
１４ラムビーム
１５ラムヘッド
１６水平ランス
１７垂直ランス
１８気体
２１炭化室
２２炉底
２３炉底煉瓦
２４凸部
２５凹部[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring unevenness of a furnace bottom brick in a coke oven carbonization chamber and a method for repairing a coke furnace furnace bottom based on a measurement result by the unevenness measuring apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The coke oven is constructed by alternately connecting a large number of carbonization chambers and combustion chambers, charging coal into the carbonization chamber, and applying high heat of 900 ° C. to 1100 ° C. from the combustion chamber to the carbonization chamber through the furnace wall. Coke is produced by adding coal continuously over time and drying coal. When this dry distillation is complete, the coke is discharged and the coal is charged and heating is started again.
[0003]
Each carbonization chamber has a height of about 6.5 m, a width of about 0.4 m, and a length of about 16 m, and forms a furnace space that is very narrow and deep (long). The furnace bottom and inner wall of the carbonization chamber are made of refractory bricks. The refractory bricks used in the bottom of the carbonization chamber are exposed to high temperatures for a long period of time, and each time the coking of coal is completed, the coke is extruded and carried out by the coke extruder. Easily damaged by thermal, chemical or mechanical stress. That is, it is likely to cause joint cuts, brick cracks, peeling, carbon adhesion, or irregularities on the bottom surface of the bottom brick. In the damaged part, excessive force is locally applied when the coke is pushed out, so that the damage is further enlarged.
[0004]
When the carbonization chamber furnace wall brick is damaged, if the damage is slight, the damaged portion can be filled with an irregular refractory, and when the damage has progressed, the damaged brick can be replaced and repaired. However, when the bottom brick is damaged, it is difficult to replace and repair the brick. Therefore, it is necessary to appropriately repair the damaged part before the bottom brick is fatally damaged.
[0005]
As a method for repairing the damaged brick at the bottom of the furnace, repair is performed by filling the concave portion generated by the damage with an indeterminate refractory or by spraying and filling the refractory. In this case, it is necessary to find and locate the bottom brick damage. For this reason, in the situation where the inside of the carbonization chamber is red-hot, it is important to observe the surface with the necessary resolution for the entire surface of the furnace bottom, find the damage and grasp the position.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the method of observing the bottom of the coke oven from the coke oven kiln using a short time between operations, the inside of the kiln is hot, so the inside of the kiln must be observed from the outside, and the unevenness of the bottom surface is accurately It is very difficult to observe.
[0007]
In addition, coke powder is deposited on the bottom of the coking chamber furnace after coke extrusion, and the coke powder is deposited particularly on the recesses in the damaged parts of the furnace bottom brick, making it difficult to observe the irregularities of the furnace bottom brick. ing.
[0008]
The present invention relates to a measuring device for measuring unevenness of a brick at the bottom of a coke oven carbonization chamber that glows red, using a short time between operations, a method for repairing a coke oven bottom based on the measurement result, and a repair device. The purpose is to provide.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the gist of the present invention is as follows.
(1) An apparatus for measuring the unevenness of the coke oven furnace bottom, which is disposed in the extrusion ram 11 of the coke extruder 10 or the mobile in-furnace diagnostic apparatus 12 and removes deposits deposited on the furnace bottom brick 23 and a noncontact distance meter 3 for measuring the distance between the hearth bricks surface between the scraper 2 and its Re preparative shoe to the scraper 2 of the gas injection scraper 2a or a mechanical scraper 2b In both cases, the gas jet scraper 2a uses air or nitrogen as a gas, and when air is used, it is applied at a pressure of ² to 5 kg / cm ² from a small hole provided obliquely downward in a pipe having a diameter of 50 mmφ to 75 mmφ. A coke oven bottom unevenness measuring apparatus which blows air and measures the unevenness of the bottom of the furnace as the ram 11 or the mobile in-furnace diagnostic device 12 moves .
(2 ) The coke oven bottom unevenness measuring apparatus according to (1 ) above, wherein a plurality of non-contact type distance meters 3 are provided, and a plurality of the distance meters are arranged in the coking chamber width direction.
( 3 ) The non-contact distance meter 3 measures the unevenness of the furnace bottom by scanning the measurement point of the furnace bottom in the width direction of the carbonization chamber in accordance with the movement of the extrusion ram 11 or the mobile in-furnace diagnostic device 12. The coke oven furnace bottom unevenness measuring apparatus according to (1) or (2), characterized in that it is characterized in that
( 4 ) The non-contact distance meter 3 includes a specific wavelength laser transmitter having an output of 30 kW or more and a detector that captures irregularly reflected light at a specific angle, and is not affected by the self-light emission of the bricks. The coke oven furnace bottom unevenness measuring apparatus according to any one of the above (1) to ( 3 ), wherein
( 5 ) The distance to the bottom of the coke oven bottom brick is measured using the coke oven bottom unevenness measuring apparatus according to any of (1) to ( 4 ) above, and the measured distance to the bottom of the furnace is measured. And a coke oven bottom repair method, wherein a difference from a distance assumed in advance is obtained almost continuously, and a repair method is selected based on the difference.
( 6 ) The distance to the bottom of the coke oven bottom brick is measured using the coke oven bottom unevenness measuring apparatus according to any one of (1) to ( 4 ) above, and the measured distance to the bottom of the furnace is measured. The coke oven bottom repair method is characterized in that the relative height of the convex portion or the relative concave portion depth with respect to the surroundings at each position is detected and the repair method is selected.
( 7 ) The unevenness of the coke oven bottom brick is measured using the coke oven bottom unevenness measuring device according to any one of (1) to ( 4 ), and each portion of the furnace brick is measured based on the measured unevenness. The amount of mortar to be filled is determined, the mortar of the determined amount is filled in each part of the furnace bottom brick, and the furnace bottom is smoothed by firing the mortar in an empty kiln for 1 hour or longer after filling. Coke furnace bottom repair method characterized by the above.
( 8 ) The unevenness of the coke oven bottom brick is measured using the coke oven bottom unevenness measuring device according to any one of (1) to ( 4 ) above, and the unevenness is measured based on the measured furnace bottom unevenness information. A method for repairing a coke oven bottom, wherein a portion and / or amount for cutting a portion is determined and the furnace bottom is smoothed.
( 9 ) Coke furnace bottom unevenness measuring device according to any one of (1) to ( 4 ) above, and mortar filling to fill each part of the furnace bottom based on the furnace bottom unevenness information measured by the furnace bottom unevenness measuring device A filling amount calculation device 4 for calculating the amount, and a pouring device 5 for pouring mortar into the furnace bottom brick as mortar powder or as a slurry refractory based on the calculation result, and an extrusion ram 11 or a mobile furnace A coke oven bottom repair device, in which a mortar is filled in a brick damaged part of each part of the furnace bottom while moving the internal diagnostic device 12.
( 10 ) The convex part which cuts a convex part based on the coke oven bottom unevenness measuring apparatus in any one of said (1) thru | or ( 4 ), and the furnace bottom unevenness | corrugation information measured using the furnace bottom unevenness measuring apparatus A coke oven furnace bottom repair device comprising a cutting device 6.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The chamber-type coke oven has an extrusion ram 11 as shown in FIG. 1 (a) in order to push out coke, which has been dry-distilled in each carbonization chamber 21, from the coke side kiln to the outside of the carbonization chamber. The extrusion ram 11 is inserted into the carbonization chamber from the kiln mouth on the extruder side of the carbonization chamber 21, and coke in the carbonization chamber is pushed by the extrusion ram 11 and pushed out from the coke side kiln mouth. At the lower part of the front end of the extrusion ram, there is a gutter or a wheel (collectively referred to as a shoe 13), and the shoe 13 moves in the carbonizing chamber while contacting the shoe chamber 22 with the carbonizing chamber furnace bottom 22.
[0011]
Further, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-106755, there is known a mobile in-furnace diagnostic device 12 that is inserted into a red-hot carbonization chamber and observes the carbonization chamber wall with a camera. As shown in FIG. 1 (b), the carbonization chamber inner wall observation device 12 has a shoe 13 made of wheels or scissors at the lower portion of the distal end of the diagnostic device as in the extrusion ram, and the shoe 13 is attached to the carbonization chamber furnace bottom 22. It can move in the carbonization chamber while making contact.
[0012]
The furnace bottom unevenness measuring apparatus 1 of the present invention is disposed in the vicinity of the tip of the extrusion ram 11 or the mobile in-furnace diagnostic apparatus 12 and in the vicinity of the furnace bottom.
[0013]
The furnace bottom unevenness measuring apparatus 1 of the present invention has a non-contact distance meter 3. The non-contact type distance meter 3 disposed near the tip of the extrusion ram 11 or the mobile in-furnace diagnostic device 12 and close to the furnace bottom 22 has an optical axis 8 as shown in FIG. Can be directed to a certain direction of the distance meter 3, for example, vertically downward, and the distance to the surface of the furnace bottom 22 can be measured. Further, the constant direction can be made variable, and if it is adjusted so as to scan in the width direction of the coking chamber in a constant angle range with a constant period, the bottom brick in a predetermined length range in the width direction of the coking chamber Surface measurement points can be scanned to obtain distance information between the distance meter and the furnace bottom surface. As the non-contact type distance meter 3, a method using a microwave or a laser can be used. Among them, it is preferable to use a laser type distance meter which has little temperature influence and high accuracy. Measuring unevenness on the surface of the bottom brick by moving the extrusion ram or mobile in-furnace diagnostic device in the longitudinal direction of the carbonization chamber while measuring the distance between the distance meter and the bottom surface with a non-contact type distance meter. Can do.
[0014]
Since powder coke is deposited on the furnace bottom 22 of the coking chamber 21 in an empty furnace state after extruding the carbonized coke, as described above, the unevenness of the furnace bottom brick is measured with the non-contact distance meter 3 as it is. Can not do it. The furnace bottom unevenness measuring apparatus of the present invention has a gas injection scraper 2a and / or a mechanical scraper 2b. As shown in FIG. 2 (a), the gas injection scraper 2a blows air onto the furnace bottom brick, thereby removing deposits deposited on the furnace bottom brick. The gas injection scraper 2a is disposed in front of the non-contact distance meter 3 with respect to the direction of travel of the extrusion ram 11 or the mobile in-furnace diagnostic device 12 during unevenness measurement. As a result, deposits accumulated on the brick at the bottom of the furnace are eliminated by the gas injection scraper 2a while the extrusion ram 11 or the mobile in-furnace diagnostic device 12 is advanced, and the deposits are eliminated by the non-contact distance meter 3. Since the distance to the bottom of the furnace is measured, the measurement can be performed without being affected by the bottom deposit.
[0015]
The gas injection scraper 2a injects a gas 18 such as air or nitrogen. When air is used, the scraper can be made at the lowest cost. However, when air is injected, it has an action of burning and removing adhering carbon, and therefore, there may be a disadvantage that the carbon closing the joints of the furnace bottom brick is removed. In such a case, a non-oxidizing gas such as nitrogen may be used as the gas to be injected. When air is used as the injection gas, an air pipe having a diameter of 50 mmφ to 75 mmφ is passed through the ram beam, and several small holes facing downward in the width direction of the carbonization chamber are provided at the lowermost end of the ram head. Air having a pressure of 5 kg / cm ² is blown out, and the coke mass remaining at the bottom of the furnace is blown off. When coke is pushed out, it is blown forward and dropped together with the lump coke into the receiving bucket so that it does not cause disturbance in the measurement of the furnace bottom unevenness by a laser distance meter.
[0016]
When the amount of deposits in the furnace bottom deposit is large, the deposit may not be sufficiently removed only by the gas jet scraper 2a. In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), by using a mechanical scraper 2b in accordance with the gas injection scraper 2a, the deposit is sufficiently removed even when the amount of deposits in the furnace bottom is large. It becomes possible to do.
[0017]
As the mechanical scraper 2b, a wire-made scraper-like scraper or an umbrella plate is effective. As a method for removing the remaining coke without damaging the furnace bottom brick, a method of installing a wire scraper at the lowest position near the tip of the ram head or the mobile in-furnace diagnostic device is desirable .
[0019]
In the furnace bottom unevenness measuring apparatus of the present invention, a plurality of non-contact type distance meters 3 can be dispersed and arranged in the coking chamber width direction. By measuring the distance while moving the furnace bottom unevenness measuring device in the longitudinal direction of the carbonization chamber, unevenness information in the furnace bottom longitudinal direction can be obtained with each non-contact type distance meter and further distributed in the furnace bottom width direction. By combining the measurement results of a plurality of non-contact distance meters arranged in the manner described above, it is possible to obtain unevenness information as surface information combining the longitudinal direction and the width direction of the furnace bottom. In the form shown in FIG. 3, three non-contact type distance meters (3a to 3c) are arranged inside the distance meter box 7, and as a result, the distance measuring points 9 at three locations in the width direction of the furnace bottom are simultaneously measured. be able to.
[0020]
In the furnace bottom unevenness measuring apparatus of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, the measurement point of the furnace bottom is set by moving the non-contact distance meter 3 in accordance with the movement of the extrusion ram or the mobile in-furnace diagnostic apparatus. The unevenness of the bottom of the furnace can be measured by scanning in the width direction of the carbonization chamber, and the unevenness information as surface information integrating the longitudinal direction and the width direction of the furnace bottom from the measurement result of one non-contact distance meter 3 Obtainable. In the form shown in FIG. 4, the non-contact distance meter 3 reciprocates between a position 3a and a position 3b. Furthermore, if a plurality of non-contact distance meters having such a scanning function are arranged in the coking chamber width direction, unevenness information can be obtained for the entire range of the furnace bottom brick width even if the scanning range of each non-contact distance meter is narrow. It becomes possible to obtain.
[0021]
The non-contact distance meter 3 usually measures distance by optical means. On the other hand, since the red-hot coking chamber furnace bottom brick has self-luminous light, the self-luminous light becomes noise in distance measurement, and the distance may not be measured accurately. In the present invention, the non-contact distance meter includes a specific wavelength laser transmitter having an output of 30 kW or more and a detector that captures irregular reflection light at a specific angle, so that the furnace is not affected by the self-light emission of the brick. It becomes possible to measure the unevenness of the bottom. As the specific wavelength, a laser transmitter having a wavelength of 780 nm using GaAs is preferable. The reason why the wavelength of 780 nm is preferable is that it is relatively easy to detect and detect the self-luminous wavelength distribution of the high-temperature brick, and GaAs lasers are generally commercially available and easily available. Further, if the output is 30 kW or more, it is effective for the reason that the reflected light is easily detected with respect to the disturbance light incident from the surrounding area because the energy intensity is high with respect to the self-emission.
[0022]
As a result of the measurement using the furnace bottom unevenness measuring apparatus described above, unevenness information due to damage to the furnace bottom brick can be obtained. Next, the damaged furnace bottom brick can be repaired based on the measured unevenness.
[0023]
In the present invention, it is preferable that a difference between the measured distance to the furnace bottom and a distance assumed in advance is obtained almost continuously, and a repair method is selected based on the difference. If the difference is wide and the damage is deep, the operation of several kilns near the carbonization chamber is stopped as the repair method and hot transshipment is selected.If the difference, that is, the damage is shallow and narrow, the repair method is sprayed repair or dry mortar. It is recommended to select a method for pouring and sticking. Hot reloading repair temporarily reduces the temperature of the coke oven body, leading to damage to surrounding parts, so we want to deal with it by spraying or pouring mortar as much as possible.
[0024]
In the present invention, it is also preferable to select a repair method by comparing the measured distance to the furnace bottom with the measured numerical values, detecting the relative convex height or relative concave depth with respect to the surroundings at each position. If the detected relative convex height or relative concave depth increases and exceeds the allowable range, cutting or mortar pouring or thermal spraying is selected, and if the relative convex height or relative concave depth is within the allowable range Save as time-series management data. In general, it is appropriate that the criterion is 20 mm for unevenness and 50 mm for length in the furnace length direction.
[0025]
In the present invention, the amount of mortar to be filled in each portion of the furnace bottom brick is determined based on the measured unevenness, the determined amount of mortar is filled in each portion of the furnace bottom brick, and the carbonization chamber is over 1 hour after filling. The furnace bottom can be smoothed by firing the mortar using an empty kiln. Depending on the depth of the recess, mortar is supplied to fill the recess, and the recess is filled. As a result, the mortar surface height after mortar filling can be smoothed at a height equal to the brick surface height before damage. By firing the mortar in an empty kiln for 1 hour or longer after filling, the mortar layer can obtain a predetermined strength, and it is possible to charge coal and start dry distillation.
[0026]
Further, as shown in FIG. 2A, the furnace bottom repair device of the present invention is based on the furnace bottom unevenness measuring apparatus 1 described above and the furnace bottom unevenness information measured by the furnace bottom unevenness measuring apparatus 1. A filling amount calculation device 4 that calculates the mortar filling amount to be filled in each part of the bottom, and a pouring device 5 for pouring the mortar into the furnace bottom brick as mortar powder or as a slurry refractory based on the calculation result. The nozzle 5d of the pouring device 5 can be arranged at the tip of the extrusion ram or the mobile in-furnace diagnostic device together with the furnace bottom unevenness measuring device.
[0027]
First, the furnace bottom unevenness is measured by the furnace bottom unevenness measuring device 1 while moving the extrusion ram or the mobile in-furnace diagnostic device in the carbonization chamber. Next, the filling amount calculation device 4 calculates the mortar filling amount to fill each part of the furnace bottom based on the measured furnace bottom unevenness information. The mortar filling amount is calculated so that the mortar surface height after filling is equal to the brick surface height before damage. Usually, if the mortar filling amount is calculated so that the amount of mortar poured per furnace bottom brick unit surface area is proportional to the depth of the recessed portion of the pouring site, the surface of the furnace bottom brick after filling can be smoothed. Thereafter, mortar is poured into each part of the furnace bottom from the pouring device 5 while moving the extrusion ram or the mobile in-furnace diagnostic device in the carbonization chamber based on the calculated mortar filling amount.
[0028]
When first measuring the unevenness of the furnace bottom using the furnace bottom unevenness measuring apparatus, the deposits on the furnace bottom are usually removed using the gas jet scraper 2a and, if necessary, the mechanical scraper 2b. There is no need to remove deposits again when pouring mortar. However, when a new deposit is deposited after measurement by the furnace bottom unevenness measuring apparatus 1, the deposit on the furnace bottom is removed again using the gas injection scraper 2a and, if necessary, the mechanical scraper 2b. It is preferable to move the extrusion ram or the mobile in-furnace diagnostic device, and pour mortar into each part of the furnace bottom from the pouring device 5 along with the movement.
[0029]
The mortar pouring device 5 is a pouring device main body, that is, a mortar tank 5a, a transfer gas supply fan 5b or pressurized gas, and a filling amount calculating device 4 for calculating the mortar supply amount from unevenness of the furnace bottom is installed outside the carbonization chamber A nozzle 5d that passes through the ram beam 14 or the horizontal lance 16 of the mobile diagnostic device 12 and has a built-in powder supply pipe 5c and can supply powder to the vicinity of the furnace bottom is located downwardly behind the distance meter 3 for measuring the bottom brick unevenness. Install. In addition, it is effective to provide a convex cutting device 6 having a high-speed rotary cutter in the vicinity so as to polish carbon deposits, clinker for Ash, and a portion with remarkable convexity compared to the surrounding brick surface. It is. By supplying a large amount of mortar to a portion having a large dent and grinding a portion having a remarkable convex portion, smoothness of the furnace bottom can be obtained. Using the coke oven bottom unevenness measuring apparatus 1 of the present invention, the unevenness of the coke oven bottom brick is measured, and based on the measured furnace bottom unevenness information, the portion and / or amount for cutting the convex portion is determined. The furnace bottom is smoothed using the partial cutting device 6.
[0030]
【Example】
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 1 (a) and FIG. 2 (a), the apparatus of the present invention was applied in order to eliminate the influence of the bottom of the coke oven, which has been aged and the extrusion load has increased. The width of the carbonization chamber is 400 mm on the extruder side, the side of the coke side is 460 mm, the depth of the carbonization chamber (usually referred to as the furnace length) is 15 m, and the furnace brick is tile-shaped 300 mm × 400 mm × 100 mm thick quartz brick. A furnace bottom unevenness measuring machine was installed in the middle of the ram shoe 13 behind the ram head 14 of the extruder 10. The mortar applicator 5 is also detachable behind the non-contact distance meter 3, and the convex cutting device 6 is also detachable.
[0031]
As the scraper 2 of the unevenness measuring apparatus, a gas jet scraper 2a and a mechanical scraper 2b were used in combination. The gas injection scraper 2a uses air as the injection gas, passes an air pipe with a diameter of 75mmφ through the ram beam, and has several small holes in the carbonization chamber width direction at the bottom of the ram head tip. Then, air having a pressure of ² to 5 kg / cm ² is blown out, and the coke mass remaining at the bottom of the furnace is blown off. As the mechanical scraper 2b, a wire-made scraper scraper was installed at the lowest position near the tip of the ram head 15 behind the gas jet scraper 2a.
[0032]
The non-contact type distance meter 3 of the unevenness measuring apparatus is stored in a distance meter box 7 having a width of 300 mm, a length of 450 mm and a height of 300 mm which forms a water flow in the outer wall arranged behind the scraper 2, emits a laser beam, and reflects it. There are three windows that can detect the incoming laser beam facing down, side by side in the width direction of the kiln. When the ram is inserted in the furnace length direction when coke is extruded, the unevenness of the bottom brick can be measured almost continuously over 3 points in 400mm width and 15m in depth, and the distance meter box so that the data can be recorded A memory was installed in 7 to record the difference between the distance meter value and the distance to the furnace bottom assumed in advance. The measured distance meter values were compared with the furnace bottom level assumed in advance, and the unevenness at each position was calculated for each position. The parts with a difference of 10 mm or more could be output as a list.
[0033]
As a result of measuring the unevenness of the bottom of the furnace with this device, a maximum of 5 dents of 25mm were detected. Therefore, a mortar spray nozzle 5d having six small holes arranged in the kiln width direction is attached to the rear of the measuring device so that the mortar powder can be supplied from the ram beam 14 through the powder supply pipe 5c. Mortar application was performed while inserting in the furnace length direction based on the information from the calculation of the difference from the measured level and the calculation function of the mortar application amount. Moreover, the convex part cutting device 6 provided with the rotary blade was installed in the back of the mortar spraying nozzle 5d so that a convex part could be cut in that case. In a test in another kiln, a part with less wear over a length of 100 mm was found in a part where the level of the central part of the carbonization chamber was 30 mm, so 10 mm was used with this cutting device in order to reduce resistance during extrusion. It was smoothed to some extent.
[0034]
Example 2
Next, the furnace bottom irregularities were measured using the carbonization chamber mobile in-furnace diagnostic device 11. The structure of the carbonization chamber diagnostic apparatus is schematically as shown in FIG. The diagnostic device is a double pipe composed of an inner pipe and an outer pipe, and a space between the inner pipe and the outer pipe is a water cooling jacket through which cooling water passes. The cooling water passes from the horizontal lance 16a to the vertical lance 17a, the vertical lance 17b, and the horizontal lance 16b. The furnace wall diagnostic device is stored in the vertical lance 17a.
[0035]
As the scraper, only the gas injection scraper 2a was used as shown in FIG. The gas injection scraper 2a is the same as that in the first embodiment. As the non-contact type distance meter 3, a laser distance meter was installed in the horizontal lance 16a. In this example, the measurement position was set at only two points in the kiln width direction, and was set at an intermediate position of the shoe 13 in the longitudinal direction. At the same time that this apparatus was inserted into the carbonization chamber, the laser distance meter was operated, and two points near the center in the width direction of the furnace bottom were measured over a depth of 15 m.
[0036]
As a result, the unevenness of the furnace bottom was detected as shown in FIG. The height h of the convex part 24 and the depth of the concave part 25 in the furnace bottom brick 23 could be measured. In FIG. 5, when inserting a lance, a shows a movement in which the tip shoe contacts the furnace bottom brick from the cantilever state when the lance is inserted more than a certain distance.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
The furnace bottom unevenness measuring apparatus of the present invention eliminates deposits deposited on the furnace bottom brick by a gas jet scraper, further a mechanical scraper or a shoe while advancing an extrusion ram or a mobile in-furnace diagnostic device, and is a non-contact type Since the distance meter measures the distance from the bottom of the furnace where the deposit is excluded, the measurement can be performed without being affected by the bottom deposit.
[0038]
The furnace bottom unevenness measuring apparatus of the present invention disperses and arranges a plurality of non-contact distance meters in the width direction of the carbonization chamber, and further measures the unevenness of the furnace bottom by scanning the measurement points of the furnace bottom in the width direction of the carbonization chamber. By doing so, it is possible to obtain unevenness information as surface information that combines the longitudinal direction and the width direction of the furnace bottom.
[0039]
The non-contact type distance meter of the furnace bottom unevenness measuring apparatus of the present invention has an influence on brick self-luminescence by including a specific wavelength laser transmitter having an output of 30 kW or more and a detector that captures irregular reflection light at a specific angle. Accordingly, it is possible to measure the unevenness of the furnace bottom.
[0040]
In the present invention, the amount of mortar to be filled in each part of the furnace bottom brick is determined based on the unevenness measured by the furnace bottom unevenness measuring device, the mortar of the determined amount is filled in each part of the furnace bottom brick, and after filling The bottom of the furnace can be smoothed by firing the mortar in an empty kiln for an hour or more. Moreover, it can also cut with respect to a convex part.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a view showing a furnace bottom unevenness measuring apparatus of the present invention disposed in a coke oven, where (a) is an example installed in an extrusion ram, and (b) is an example installed in a mobile in-furnace diagnostic apparatus. FIG.
FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams showing a furnace bottom unevenness measuring apparatus and a repair apparatus according to the present invention, in which FIG. 2A shows an example in which a scraper is arranged, and FIG. 2B shows an example in which no scraper is arranged.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a furnace bottom unevenness measuring apparatus having a plurality of non-contact distance meters according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a view showing a furnace bottom unevenness measuring apparatus for scanning the non-contact distance meter of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a view showing a result of measurement of furnace bottom unevenness according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Furnace bottom unevenness measuring device 2 Scraper 2a Gas injection type scraper 2b Mechanical scraper 3 Non-contact type distance meter 4 Filling amount calculation device 5 Pouring device 5a Mortar tank 5b Gas supply fan 5c for conveyance Powder supply piping 5d Nozzle 6 Convex part Cutting device 7 Distance meter box 8 Distance meter optical axis 9 Distance meter measurement point 10 Coke extruder 11 Extrusion ram 12 Mobile in-furnace diagnostic device 13 Shoe 14 Ram beam 15 Ram head 16 Horizontal lance 17 Vertical lance 18 Gas 21 Carbonization chamber 22 Furnace bottom 23 Furnace bottom brick 24 Convex part 25 Concave part

Claims

An apparatus for measuring the unevenness of the coke oven hearth, disposed pusher ram or mobile furnace diagnostic apparatus coke extruder, Re scraper and its for removing deposits deposited on the furnace bottom bricks A non-contact distance meter that measures the distance from the furnace bottom brick surface between the shoe and the shoe ,
The scraper is a gas jet scraper or both a mechanical scraper,
The gas jet scraper uses air or nitrogen as gas, and in the case of using air , air is blown out at a pressure of ² to 5 kg / cm ² from a small hole provided obliquely downward in a pipe having a diameter of 50 mmφ to 75 mmφ ,
A coke oven bottom unevenness measuring apparatus, wherein unevenness at the bottom of the furnace is measured in accordance with the movement of the extrusion ram or the mobile in-furnace diagnostic device.

Wherein a plurality of the noncontact distance meters, coke oven hearth irregularities measuring apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by arranging a plurality of said rangefinder coking chamber width direction.

The non-contact type distance meter measures the unevenness of the bottom of the furnace by scanning the measurement point of the furnace bottom in the width direction of the carbonization chamber in accordance with the movement of the extrusion ram or the mobile in-furnace diagnostic device. Item 3. The coke oven furnace bottom unevenness measuring apparatus according to Item 1 or 2 .

The non-contact type distance meter includes a specific wavelength laser transmitter having an output of 30 kW or more and a detector that captures irregularly reflected light at a specific angle, and measures the unevenness of the bottom of the furnace without being affected by the self-light emission of the brick. The coke oven furnace bottom unevenness measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 .

The distance to the bottom of the coke oven bottom brick is measured using the coke oven bottom unevenness measuring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , and the distance to the measured bottom is assumed in advance. Coke furnace bottom repair method, characterized in that the difference from the distance placed is obtained almost continuously and the repair method is selected based on the difference.

The distance from the coke oven bottom brick to the furnace bottom is measured using the coke oven bottom unevenness measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , and the measured distance to the furnace bottom has already been measured. The coke oven bottom repair method is characterized by detecting the relative convexity height or relative concave depth of the surroundings at each position and selecting a repairing method.

The amount of mortar to be filled in each part of the furnace bottom brick based on the measured unevenness by measuring the unevenness of the coke oven bottom brick using the coke oven bottom unevenness measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4. Coke characterized in that the furnace bottom is smoothed by filling each part of the furnace bottom brick with the determined amount of mortar, and firing the mortar in an empty kiln for 1 hour or longer after filling. Furnace bottom repair method.

Using the coke oven furnace bottom unevenness measuring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the unevenness of the coke oven furnace bottom brick is measured, and based on the measured furnace bottom unevenness information, a portion for cutting the protrusion, and A coke furnace bottom repair method characterized by determining the amount and / or smoothing the bottom.

A coke oven bottom unevenness measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , and a filling amount for calculating a mortar filling amount to be filled in each part of the furnace bottom based on furnace bottom unevenness information measured by the furnace bottom unevenness measuring device. A calculation device and a pouring device for pouring mortar into the furnace bottom brick as mortar powder or as a slurry refractory based on the calculation result, while moving the extrusion ram or mobile in-furnace diagnostic device A coke oven furnace bottom repair device, in which a brick damaged part of each part of the bottom is filled with mortar.

A coke oven bottom unevenness measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and a convex cutting device for cutting a convex based on furnace bottom unevenness information measured using the furnace bottom unevenness measuring device. Coke oven furnace bottom repair device.