JP4707365B2 - Light wave distance meter - Google Patents

Light wave distance meter Download PDF

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JP4707365B2
JP4707365B2 JP2004309658A JP2004309658A JP4707365B2 JP 4707365 B2 JP4707365 B2 JP 4707365B2 JP 2004309658 A JP2004309658 A JP 2004309658A JP 2004309658 A JP2004309658 A JP 2004309658A JP 4707365 B2 JP4707365 B2 JP 4707365B2
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豊 中村
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株式会社 ソキア・トプコン
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本発明は、光波距離計に関し、さらに詳細には、光波距離計の光源から出射した測距光を目標物（ターゲット、反射シート又はノンプリズムの物体）まで往復する外部光路と、前記測距光を光源から直ちに受光素子へ向かわせる内部光路に切り換えるシャッターに関する。   The present invention relates to a lightwave distance meter, and more particularly, an external optical path for reciprocating distance measuring light emitted from a light source of the light wave distance meter to a target (a target, a reflection sheet, or a non-prism object), and the distance measuring light. The present invention relates to a shutter for switching to an internal optical path that immediately moves from the light source to the light receiving element.

光波距離計としては、下記特許文献１に開示されたようなものが知られている。図４に、この光波距離計のブロック図を示す。   As an optical distance meter, the one disclosed in Patent Document 1 below is known. FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of this light wave distance meter.

この光波距離計では、レーザダイオ−ド等の光源３から出射された測距光Ｌは、プリズム１０、１２、ミラー４、対物レンズ５等の送光光学系を経て、測点上に置かれたターゲット（プリズム等）６に向けて出射される。この光源３は変調器２に接続されており、変調器２は基準信号発振器１に接続されており、測距光Ｌは基準信号発振器１で発生された基準信号Ｋによって変調される。   In this light wave distance meter, the distance measuring light L emitted from the light source 3 such as a laser diode is placed on the measuring point through the light transmitting optical system such as the prisms 10 and 12, the mirror 4 and the objective lens 5. The light is emitted toward a target (prism or the like) 6. The light source 3 is connected to the modulator 2, and the modulator 2 is connected to the reference signal oscillator 1, and the distance measuring light L is modulated by the reference signal K generated by the reference signal oscillator 1.

ターゲット２２で反射された測距光Ｌは、対物レンズ５とミラー４からなる受光光学系を経て、ホトダイオード等の検出器（受光素子）７に入射する。すると、検出器７によって、測距光Ｌが測距信号Ｍなる電気信号に変換される。この測距信号Ｍと、変調器２から送られてくる基準信号Ｋとは、位相計９によって互いの位相差が測定され、この位相差からターゲット６までの距離が求まる。   The distance measuring light L reflected by the target 22 enters a detector (light receiving element) 7 such as a photodiode through a light receiving optical system including the objective lens 5 and the mirror 4. Then, the detector 7 converts the distance measuring light L into an electric signal that is a distance measuring signal M. The phase difference between the distance measurement signal M and the reference signal K transmitted from the modulator 2 is measured by the phase meter 9, and the distance to the target 6 is determined from the phase difference.

一方、光源３から出射された測距光Ｌは、シャッター８の位置を切り換えることにより、測距光Ｌがターゲット６まで往復する外部光路Ｐｏと、プリズム１０、１１、１２からなる内部光路Ｐｉを経て参照光Ｒとして直ちに検出器７に入射するようになっている。この内部光路Ｐｉを経た参照光Ｒを用いて、外部光路Ｐｏを経た測距光Ｌと同様に距離測定すると、この光波距離計に固有な誤差を知ることができる。こうして、測距光Ｌによる測定と参照光Ｒによる距離測定を交互に行うことによって、測距光Ｌを用いて測定した距離から光波距離計に固有な誤差を補正して、ターゲット６までの精確な距離を求めることができる。
特許第３２３６９４１号公報 On the other hand, the distance measuring light L emitted from the light source 3 switches the position of the shutter 8 so that the distance measuring light L reciprocates to the target 6 and the inner optical path Pi composed of the prisms 10, 11, and 12. Then, the light beam is immediately incident on the detector 7 as the reference light R. When the distance is measured using the reference light R that has passed through the internal optical path Pi in the same manner as the distance measuring light L that has passed through the external optical path Po, an error inherent to the light wave rangefinder can be known. In this way, by alternately performing the measurement using the distance measuring light L and the distance measurement using the reference light R, the error inherent to the lightwave distance meter is corrected from the distance measured using the distance measuring light L, and the accuracy up to the target 6 is corrected. A simple distance.
Japanese Patent No. 3236941

前記特許文献1に開示された光波距離計では、光源３から出射された測距光Ｌをシャッター８で外部光路Ｐｏと内部光路Ｐｉとの間で切り換えたときは、この切換えに要する充分な時間を想定して、この切換えに想定された時間中は距離測定を行っていなかった。このため、距離測定に必要以上の時間がかかるという問題があった。   In the optical wave distance meter disclosed in Patent Document 1, when the distance measuring light L emitted from the light source 3 is switched between the external optical path Po and the internal optical path Pi by the shutter 8, sufficient time required for this switching is obtained. As a result, distance measurement was not performed during the time assumed for this switching. For this reason, there was a problem that it took more time than necessary for the distance measurement.

本発明は、前記問題に鑑みてなされたものであって、光波距離計において、光源から出射された測距光をシャッターで外部光路と内部光路との間で切り換える際に、切換完了した時点を検出すると直ちに距離測定を開始することによって、距離測定に要する時間を短縮することを課題とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above problem, and in the optical distance meter, when the distance measuring light emitted from the light source is switched between the external optical path and the internal optical path with a shutter, the time point when the switching is completed is determined. An object is to reduce the time required for distance measurement by starting distance measurement immediately after detection.

前記課題を解決するため、請求項１に係る発明は、測点に置かれた目標物に向けて測距光を出射する光源と、前記目標物で反射して戻ってきた測距光を受光して測距信号に変換する受光素子と、前記測距信号から距離を演算する演算処理部と、前記光源が発した測距光を前記目標物まで往復する外部光路又は前記光源から前記受光素子に至る内部光路に切り換えるシャッターとを備えた光波距離計において、前記シャッターは、前記外部光路の遮断位置と前記内部光路の遮断位置との間を移動するものであって、前記シャッターが前記外部光路と前記内部光路との間を移動中に前記内部光路へ向かう測距光が通過する通過孔が前記シャッターに開けられており、前記演算処理部は、前記受光素子が前記通過孔を通過した測距光の受光後に、一定レベルの測距光を所定時間受光してから距離測定を開始することを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 receives a light source that emits distance measuring light toward a target placed at a measurement point, and a distance measuring light that is reflected and returned by the target. A light receiving element that converts the distance measuring signal into a distance measuring signal, an arithmetic processing unit that calculates a distance from the distance measuring signal, an external optical path that reciprocates the distance measuring light emitted from the light source to the target, or the light receiving element from the light source. And a shutter for switching to an internal optical path, wherein the shutter moves between a blocking position of the external optical path and a blocking position of the internal optical path, and the shutter is the external optical path. And a passage hole through which distance measuring light traveling toward the internal optical path passes while moving between the optical path and the internal optical path, the arithmetic processing unit is configured to measure the light receiving element passing through the through hole. After receiving the distance light, Characterized by a level of distance measuring light starts a predetermined time received to whether we distance measurement.

請求項２に係る発明は、請求項１に係る発明において、前記通過孔が複数あって、前記通過孔を通過した測距光によって、前記シャッターによる光路切換実行中を表すコード信号を生じることを特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1 , wherein there are a plurality of the passage holes, and the ranging light that has passed through the passage holes generates a code signal indicating that the optical path is being switched by the shutter. Features.

請求項１に係る発明の光波距離計によれば、光源が発した測距光を目標物まで往復する外部光路又は光源から受光素子に至る内部光路に切り換えるシャッターには、外部光路と内部光路との切換移動中に測距光が通過する通過孔が開けられているから、受光素子が前記通過孔を通過した測距光を受光することにより、シャッターの切換動作の実行中であることが判る。これで、次に一定レベルの測距光を受光したときは、極めて短時間でも、シャッターの切換動作が完了したと判断することができ、直ちに距離測定を開始できる。特に、前記シャッターが前記外部光路と前記内部光路との間を移動中に前記内部光路へ向かう測距光が通過する通過孔が前記シャッターに開けられているから、通過孔を通過した測距光はほとんど減衰することなく充分なレベルで受光素子に入射するので、通過孔を通過した測距光を確実に検出することができ、ノイズ等による誤動作が起き難くなる。こうして、本発明によれば、従来のものより距離測定に要する時間を大幅に短縮できる。 According to the lightwave distance meter of the first aspect of the invention, the external light path, the internal light path, and the shutter for switching the distance measuring light emitted from the light source to the external light path that reciprocates to the target or the internal light path from the light source to the light receiving element are provided. because the distance measuring light during switching movement are opened passage hole to pass, by receiving the distance measuring light receiving element is passed through the passage hole, it can be seen that is running switching operation of the shutter . Now, the next time you received a certain level of the distance measuring light, Ki de is possible to determine that any very short time, switching operation of the shutter is completed, it can be started immediately distance measurement. In particular, the distance measurement light that has passed through the passage hole is formed in the shutter because a passage hole through which the distance measurement light traveling toward the internal optical path passes while the shutter moves between the external optical path and the internal optical path. Is incident on the light receiving element at a sufficient level without being attenuated, so that the distance measuring light that has passed through the passage hole can be reliably detected, and malfunction due to noise or the like is less likely to occur. Thus, according to the present invention, the time required for distance measurement can be greatly shortened compared to the conventional one.

請求項２に係る発明の光波距離計によれば、さらに、前記通過孔が複数あって、前記通過孔を通過する測距光によって、前記シャッターによる光路切換実行中を表すコード信号を生じるから、演算処理部はいっそう確実に通過孔を通過した測距光を検出することができ、ノイズ等による誤動作がさらに起き難くなる。 According to the lightwave distance meter of the invention according to claim 2 , since there are a plurality of the passage holes, and the ranging light passing through the passage hole generates a code signal indicating that the optical path is being switched by the shutter. The arithmetic processing unit can more reliably detect the distance measuring light that has passed through the passage hole, and malfunction due to noise or the like is further less likely to occur.

以下、図面に基づいて、本発明の光波距離計の一実施例を説明する。図１は、この光波距離計のブロック図である。図２は、この光波距離計のシャッターの斜視図である。図３は、シャッターの光路切換動作を検出する原理を説明する図である。   Hereinafter, an embodiment of a lightwave distance meter according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of this light wave distance meter. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the shutter of this light wave distance meter. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the principle of detecting the optical path switching operation of the shutter.

この光波距離計は、図１に示したように、測距光Ｌを出射するレーザダイオ−ド等の光源３を備え、光源３は変調器２に接続され、変調器２は基準信号発振器に接続され、測距光Ｌは基準信号発振器１で発生された基準信号Ｋによって変調されている。このように変調された測距光Ｌは、ハーフミラー１４、反射プリズム１６、ミラー４、対物レンズ５からなる送光光学系を経て、測点上に置かれたターゲット（プリズム等）６等の目標物に向けてから送光される。ターゲット６で反射された測距光Ｌは、対物レンズ５、ミラー４からなる受光光学系を経て、ホトダイオード等の受光素子７に入射し、受光素子７で測距信号Ｍなる電気信号に変換されて位相計９に入力される。位相計９には、変調器２から送られてくる基準信号Ｋも入力され、位相計９によって測距信号Ｍと基準信号Ｋとの位相差が測定される。ＣＰＵ２４は、この位相差からターゲット６までの距離を算出して、図示しない表示部に表示する。また、ＣＰＵ２４には、後述するシャッター２０の切換えを検出するため、受光素子７からの測距信号Ｍも入力される。   As shown in FIG. 1, the light wave distance meter includes a light source 3 such as a laser diode that emits distance measuring light L. The light source 3 is connected to a modulator 2, and the modulator 2 is connected to a reference signal oscillator. The distance measuring light L is modulated by the reference signal K generated by the reference signal oscillator 1. The distance measuring light L thus modulated passes through a light transmission optical system composed of a half mirror 14, a reflecting prism 16, a mirror 4, and an objective lens 5, and then the target (prism etc.) 6 placed on the measuring point. Light is sent to the target. The distance measuring light L reflected by the target 6 enters a light receiving element 7 such as a photodiode through a light receiving optical system including an objective lens 5 and a mirror 4, and is converted into an electric signal as a distance measuring signal M by the light receiving element 7. Is input to the phase meter 9. The reference signal K sent from the modulator 2 is also input to the phase meter 9, and the phase difference between the ranging signal M and the reference signal K is measured by the phase meter 9. The CPU 24 calculates the distance to the target 6 from this phase difference and displays it on a display unit (not shown). The CPU 24 also receives a ranging signal M from the light receiving element 7 in order to detect the switching of the shutter 20 described later.

一方、光源３から出射された測距光Ｌは、ハーフミラー１４によって、直進してターゲット６まで往復する外部光路Ｐｏと、これと直交方向に反射し、参照光Ｒとして光源３から受光素子７まで光ファイバー１８で導かれる内部光路Ｐｉとに分けられる。そして、測距光Ｌは、シャッター２０によって、外部光路Ｐｏと内部光路Ｐｉのいずれかに進むように切り換えられる。この参照光Ｒを用いて外部光路Ｐｏを往復する測距光Ｌと同様に距離測定をすると、この光波距離計に固有な誤差を知ることができる。そこで、ＣＰＵ２４は、シャッター２０へ外部光路Ｐｏと内部光路Ｐｉの切換信号をシャッター駆動回路２６に送り、サーボモータ２８を回転させて、シャッター２０の位置を外部光路Ｐｏ（測距光Ｌ）遮断位置（図１の破線位置）と、内部光路Ｐｉ（参照光Ｒ）遮断位置（図１の実線位置）とに交互に切り換えている。こうして、測距光Ｌによる測定と参照光Ｒによる測定を交互に行い、測距光Ｌを用いて測定した距離から光波距離計に固有な誤差を補正して、ターゲット６までの精確な距離を算出している。   On the other hand, the ranging light L emitted from the light source 3 is reflected by the half mirror 14 in the direction orthogonal to the external optical path Po that travels straight back to the target 6, and is reflected from the light source 3 as the reference light R to the light receiving element 7. To the internal optical path Pi guided by the optical fiber 18. Then, the distance measuring light L is switched by the shutter 20 so as to travel to either the external optical path Po or the internal optical path Pi. When the distance is measured in the same manner as the distance measuring light L that travels back and forth on the external optical path Po using the reference light R, an error inherent to the light wave rangefinder can be known. Therefore, the CPU 24 sends a switching signal between the external optical path Po and the internal optical path Pi to the shutter 20 to the shutter drive circuit 26, rotates the servo motor 28, and changes the position of the shutter 20 to the external optical path Po (ranging light L) blocking position. The position is alternately switched between a (broken line position in FIG. 1) and an internal optical path Pi (reference light R) blocking position (solid line position in FIG. 1). Thus, the measurement with the distance measuring light L and the measurement with the reference light R are alternately performed, and an error inherent in the lightwave distance meter is corrected from the distance measured with the distance measuring light L, so that the accurate distance to the target 6 is obtained. Calculated.

ところで、シャッター２０は、図２に示すように、ハーフミラー１４を固定した枠３０に対して回動可能に取り付けられたアーム３４の先端に取り付けられ、外部光路Ｐｏの遮断位置と、内部光路Ｐｉの遮断位置との間をサーボモータ２８によって移動可能になっている。また、シャッター２０は、測距光Ｌが光波距離計内部に反射しないように、黒色にされるとともに、アーム３４に固着される中央部２０ａの両側に、枠３０の中心方向に折れ曲がった側部２０ｂ、２０ｃを設けている。こうして、シャッター２０は、測距光Ｌを外部光路Ｐｏと内部光路Ｐｉのうちの一方のみを選択して出射する。さらに、シャッター２０は、外部光路Ｐｏの遮断位置にあるとき、内部光路Ｐｉ側に位置する側部２０ｃに、内部光路Ｐｉに向かう測距光Ｌ（参照光Ｒ）が通過するスリット状の複数の通過孔３２が開けられている。通過孔３２をスリット状にするのは、通過孔３２の位置がいくらか狂っても確実に測距光Ｌを通過させるためである。   By the way, as shown in FIG. 2, the shutter 20 is attached to the tip of an arm 34 that is rotatably attached to the frame 30 to which the half mirror 14 is fixed, and the blocking position of the external optical path Po and the internal optical path Pi. The servo motor 28 can move between the cut-off positions. Further, the shutter 20 is black so that the distance measuring light L is not reflected inside the light wave distance meter, and the side portion bent in the center direction of the frame 30 on both sides of the central portion 20a fixed to the arm 34. 20b and 20c are provided. Thus, the shutter 20 emits the distance measuring light L by selecting only one of the external optical path Po and the internal optical path Pi. Further, when the shutter 20 is at the blocking position of the external optical path Po, a plurality of slit-shaped slits through which the ranging light L (reference light R) toward the internal optical path Pi passes through the side portion 20c positioned on the internal optical path Pi side. A passage hole 32 is opened. The reason why the passage hole 32 is formed in a slit shape is that the distance measuring light L is reliably transmitted even if the position of the passage hole 32 is somewhat out of position.

この通過孔３２は、図３に示したように、ＣＰＵ２４がシャッター２０位置の切換信号を発してシャッター２０を移動させたとき、シャッター２０の切換動作実行中をＣＰＵ２４に知らせるコード信号３６を発するように配置される。ＣＰＵ２４は、測距光Ｌから参照光Ｒに切り換えるときは、図３の（Ａ）に示したように、受光素子７によってコード信号３６を検出した後に、一定レベルの参照光Ｒを所定時間後Δｔ１受光してから、通常の参照光Ｒを用いた距離測定を開始する。逆に参照光Ｒから測距光Ｒに切り換えるときは、図３の（Ｂ）に示したように、受光素子７によってコード信号３６を検出した後に、一定レベルの測距光Ｌを所定時間後Δｔ２受光してから、通常の測距光Ｒを用いた距離測定を開始する。この所定時間Δｔ１、Δｔ２は、同程度であるが、受光レベルが小さい測距光Ｌはノイズ等の影響を受け易いから安全性を考量し、時間Δｔ２をΔｔ１より若干長くしてもよい。   As shown in FIG. 3, when the CPU 24 generates a shutter 20 position switching signal and moves the shutter 20, the passage hole 32 generates a code signal 36 that informs the CPU 24 that the shutter 20 is being switched. Placed in. When the CPU 24 switches from the distance measuring light L to the reference light R, as shown in FIG. 3A, the CPU 24 detects the code signal 36 by the light receiving element 7 and then moves the reference light R of a certain level after a predetermined time. After receiving Δt1, distance measurement using normal reference light R is started. Conversely, when switching from the reference light R to the distance measuring light R, as shown in FIG. 3B, after detecting the code signal 36 by the light receiving element 7, the distance measuring light L at a certain level is detected after a predetermined time. After receiving Δt2, distance measurement using normal distance measuring light R is started. The predetermined times Δt1 and Δt2 are approximately the same, but the distance measuring light L having a low light receiving level is easily affected by noise or the like, so that safety may be taken into consideration, and the time Δt2 may be slightly longer than Δt1.

ここで、通過孔３２を図２に示したように、シャッター２０が外部光路Ｐｏを遮断する位置にあるとき、シャッター２０の内部光路Ｐｉ側の側部２０ｃに位置させるのは、通過孔３２を通過した測距光Ｌを光ファイバー１８で減衰させずに充分なレベルで受光素子７まで導き、ノイズ等による誤動作を避けるためである。また、通過孔３２を複数個としたのは、測距光Ｌが通過孔３２を通過してコード信号３６を生じるようにして、ノイズとコード信号を確実に区別することにより、誤動作を防止するためである。   Here, as shown in FIG. 2, when the shutter 20 is in a position where the external optical path Po is blocked as shown in FIG. 2, the passage hole 32 is positioned on the side portion 20 c of the shutter 20 on the internal optical path Pi side. This is because the distance measuring light L that has passed through is guided to the light receiving element 7 at a sufficient level without being attenuated by the optical fiber 18 to avoid malfunction due to noise or the like. In addition, the plurality of passage holes 32 are provided so that the distance measuring light L passes through the passage hole 32 to generate a code signal 36, thereby reliably distinguishing noise from the code signal, thereby preventing malfunction. Because.

本実施例によれば、シャッター２０で測距光Ｌを内部光路Ｐｉ又は外部光路Ｐｏに切り換える際には、通過孔３２を通過する測距光Ｌ（参照光Ｒ）によるコード信号３６を検出することにより、シャッター２０による光路切換動作が確実に行われていることを確認できるので、このコード信号３６の受光を確認後、測距光Ｌ又は参照光Ｒを受光したときは、極めて短時間に光路切換完了と判断して、直ちに距離測定を開始できる。したがって、シャッター２０によって測距光Ｌを外部光路Ｐｏ又は内部光路Ｐｉとに切換える際に、従来のように光路切換完了に要する充分な時間を待つことがなくなるので、距離測定に要する時間を短縮する。   According to the present embodiment, when the distance measuring light L is switched to the internal optical path Pi or the external optical path Po by the shutter 20, the code signal 36 by the distance measuring light L (reference light R) passing through the passage hole 32 is detected. Thus, since it is possible to confirm that the optical path switching operation by the shutter 20 has been performed reliably, when the distance measuring light L or the reference light R is received after confirming the reception of the code signal 36, it is extremely short. When it is determined that the optical path switching has been completed, the distance measurement can be started immediately. Therefore, when the distance measuring light L is switched to the external optical path Po or the internal optical path Pi by the shutter 20, it is not necessary to wait for a sufficient time required for completing the optical path switching as in the prior art, so that the time required for the distance measurement is shortened. .

ところで、本発明は、前記実施例に限るものではなく、種々の変形が可能である。たとえば、前記実施例では、光源３から出射された測距光Ｌを、ハーフミラー１４で互いに直交する外部光路Ｐｏと内部光路Ｐｉに分け、シャッター２０を外部光路Ｐｏと内部光路Ｐｉとの間に９０°回動させたが、図４に示した従来例と同じく、互いに平行な外部光路と内部光路に分け、シャッターを外部光路と内部光路との間を直線移動させる等、外部光路と内部光路との切換が自在にできれば、外部光路と内部光路の配置とシャッターの位置や形状は適宜変更可能である。また、シャッター２０に設ける通過孔３２は、必ずしも複数設ける必要はなく、内部光路Ｐｉを経た測距光は充分なレベルであって、ノイズと誤ることは少ないので１個でもよい。さらに、前記実施例では測点に置く目標物としてターゲットを用いたが、目標物として反射シートを用いてもよい。さらに、前記実施例では本発明をターゲットを用いる位相差方式の光波距離計に適用したが、本発明は、パルス走行時間方式の参照光と測距光とを切り換える光波距離計にも、ノンプリズム型の光波距離計にも適用できるものである。   By the way, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications are possible. For example, in the above embodiment, the distance measuring light L emitted from the light source 3 is divided by the half mirror 14 into the external optical path Po and the internal optical path Pi that are orthogonal to each other, and the shutter 20 is disposed between the external optical path Po and the internal optical path Pi. As in the conventional example shown in FIG. 4, the external optical path and the internal optical path are divided into an external optical path and an internal optical path that are parallel to each other, and the shutter is linearly moved between the external optical path and the internal optical path. The position of the external optical path and the internal optical path and the position and shape of the shutter can be changed as appropriate. Further, it is not always necessary to provide a plurality of the passage holes 32 provided in the shutter 20, and the distance measuring light passing through the internal optical path Pi is at a sufficient level, and may be one because it is not mistaken for noise. Furthermore, in the said Example, although the target was used as a target put on a measuring point, you may use a reflective sheet as a target. Further, in the above embodiment, the present invention is applied to a phase difference type light wave distance meter using a target. However, the present invention is also applicable to a light wave distance meter for switching between a pulse travel time type reference light and a distance measuring light. It can also be applied to a type of lightwave distance meter.

本発明は、光波距離計だけでなく、光波距離計を内蔵した測量機、例えばトータルステーションや、その他の距離測定装置等にも広く利用できる。   The present invention can be widely used not only for a light wave distance meter but also for a surveying instrument incorporating a light wave distance meter, for example, a total station, other distance measuring devices, and the like.

本発明の１実施例に係る光波距離計のブロック図である。It is a block diagram of the light wave rangefinder concerning one example of the present invention. 前記光波距離計において、測距光Ｌを外部光路と内部光路とに切り換えるシャッターの斜視図である。FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a shutter for switching ranging light L between an external optical path and an internal optical path in the optical distance meter. 前記シャッターの光路切換動作を検出する原理を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the principle which detects the optical path switching operation | movement of the said shutter. 従来の光波距離計のブロック図である。It is a block diagram of the conventional lightwave distance meter.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

３ 光源
６ ターゲット（目標物）
７ 受光素子
２０ シャッター
２４ ＣＰＵ（演算処理部）
３２ 通過孔
Ｌ 測距光
Ｒ 参照光
Ｐｏ 外部光路
Ｐｉ 内部光路 3 Light source 6 Target (target)
7 Light-receiving element 20 Shutter 24 CPU (arithmetic processing unit)
32 Passing hole L Ranging light R Reference light Po External optical path Pi Internal optical path

Claims (2)

測点に置かれた目標物に向けて測距光を出射する光源と、前記目標物で反射して戻ってきた測距光を受光して測距信号に変換する受光素子と、前記測距信号から距離を演算する演算処理部と、前記光源が発した測距光を前記目標物まで往復する外部光路又は前記光源から前記受光素子に至る内部光路に切り換えるシャッターとを備えた光波距離計において、
前記シャッターは、前記外部光路の遮断位置と前記内部光路の遮断位置との間を移動するものであって、前記シャッターが前記外部光路と前記内部光路との間を移動中に前記内部光路へ向かう測距光が通過する通過孔が前記シャッターに開けられており、前記演算処理部は、前記受光素子が前記通過孔を通過した測距光の受光後に、一定レベルの測距光を所定時間受光してから距離測定を開始することを特徴とする光波距離計。 A light source that emits distance measuring light toward a target placed at a measurement point; a light receiving element that receives distance light reflected and returned from the target and converts it into a distance measurement signal; and the distance measurement In an optical wave range finder comprising: an arithmetic processing unit that calculates a distance from a signal; and a shutter that switches a distance measuring light emitted from the light source to an external optical path that reciprocates to the target or an internal optical path from the light source to the light receiving element. ,
The shutter moves between the blocking position of the external optical path and the blocking position of the internal optical path, and the shutter moves toward the internal optical path while moving between the external optical path and the internal optical path. A passage hole through which the distance measuring light passes is opened in the shutter, and the arithmetic processing unit receives the distance measuring light of a certain level for a predetermined time after the light receiving element receives the distance measuring light that has passed through the passage hole. optical distance meter characterized by before beginning any distance measured. 前記通過孔が複数あって、前記通過孔を通過した測距光によって、前記シャッターによる光路切換実行中を表すコード信号を生じることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の光波距離計。  2. The optical rangefinder according to claim 1, wherein there are a plurality of the through holes, and a code signal indicating that the optical path is being switched by the shutter is generated by the distance measuring light that has passed through the through holes.
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JPS5935817Y2 (en) * 1980-11-06 1984-10-03 株式会社ニコン Automatic light control device for light wave ranging equipment
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JPS6117620A (en) * 1984-07-02 1986-01-25 Kaisei Kogyo Kk Rising and falling type gate
JPS6117620U (en) * 1984-07-06 1986-02-01 秀重 相羽 Optical movement measuring device
JPH087261B2 (en) * 1990-11-09 1996-01-29 株式会社オプテック Lightwave distance measuring method and lightwave distance meter
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